JP2016213998A - Simple solar tracker - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple type solar tracker which can be made to face the sun with a simple mechanism.SOLUTION: The simple sun tracker comprises: a panel rack on which a solar panel is mounted; a fixed shaft erected at a horizontal rotation center of the panel rack; a support pillar pivotally supporting a vertical center of rotation of the panel rack at both ends of the panel rack; a base frame having upright support posts, at least one wheel vertically provided downward at the peripheral edge portion, and installed so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction around the fixed shaft; wheel driving means for rotating the wheels by transmitting the rotational motion of the rollers to the outer circumferential surface while pressing the outer circumferential surface which becomes the contact surface of one of the wheels by the roller; control means for controlling the rotation of the base frame in the horizontal direction by controlling the wheel driving means; and a vertical rotation holding means having a vertical rotation mechanism of the panel rack and an inclined holding mechanism after rotation of the panel rack, the rotation mechanism and the holding mechanism being formed separately from each other.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a tracking type simple solar tracking device that operates a solar panel so as to face the sun in accordance with an azimuth angle that changes in one day from the sun's sunrise to sunset and an elevation angle that changes throughout the year. It is about.

  With regard to the tracking type solar tracking device, for example, in Patent Document 1, a solar cell panel that receives sunlight in a plane is adjusted in elevation according to the movement of the sun, and the azimuth angle in the east-west direction is adjusted. In the solar-following power generation apparatus that follows the movement of the solar cell panel, the elevation angle of the solar cell panel is adjusted so that the upper end side of the solar cell panel can be raised and lowered, and the azimuth angle in the east-west direction of the solar cell panel is A solar tracking device is disclosed in which the upper end side is adjusted as a rotatable configuration, and the lower end side of the solar cell panel freely follows the adjustment of the upper end side.

JP-A-2005-251865

  The invention described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the mechanism for adjusting the elevation angle must be provided with a device that slides while raising and lowering the upper end side, which complicates and enlarges the solar tracking device.

  In addition, the mechanism for adjusting the azimuth angle in the east-west direction is a structure in which the upper end side is rotated around the center of the lower end side of the solar panel as the center of rotation, and is disposed in the elevation region in the elevation angle adjustment mechanism. There is a problem that the azimuth adjusting device becomes complicated, a drive mechanism with a large output is required, and the cost is increased.

  The present invention was devised in view of these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a simple solar tracking device that can face the sun with a simple mechanism.

  The wheel 6 in the present invention means a wheel 6 equipped with tires for vehicles or the like, a caster with rubber tires, a wheel 6 such as a train, and a wheel 6 used for grounding a moving object such as a roller.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 1 is a simplified solar tracking device 1 that rotates the solar panel 7 horizontally and vertically so that the light receiving surface of the solar panel 7 faces the sun. The panel base 3 on which the solar panel 7 is placed, the fixed shaft 5 standing at the horizontal center of rotation of the panel base 3, and the vertical center 3a of the panel base 3 are The column 4 is pivotally supported at both ends of the panel mount 3, the column 4 is erected upward, and at least one wheel 6 is suspended downward at the peripheral edge, and horizontally with the fixed shaft 5 as a center. Rotating motion of the roller 21 on the outer peripheral surface while pressing the outer peripheral surface as a ground contact surface of one of the wheels 6 and the base frame 2 installed so as to be rotatable in the direction by the roller 21 Wheel 6a is rotated by transmitting Wheel driving means 20, control means 30 for controlling the horizontal rotation of the base frame 2 by controlling the wheel driving means 20, the vertical rotation mechanism 40 of the panel base 3, and the panel A holding mechanism 50 in an inclined state after the gantry 3 is rotated, and the rotation mechanism 40 and the holding mechanism 50 are provided with a vertical rotation holding means formed separately. .

The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the vertical rotation center 3a of the panel gantry 3 is set as the center of gravity of the solar panel 7 and the panel gantry 3. To do.

The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 3 is the axial center of the solar tracking device 1 according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wheel driving means 20 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of the wheel 6a from above. Is disposed horizontally above the roller 21 so as to be parallel to the axis of the wheel 6a, and is disposed above the roller 21. The central portion 22b pivotally supports the axis of the roller 21, and one end side 22c is An elastic body that is pivotally supported by a shaft portion c fixed to the base frame 2 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction and is biased in a downward direction attached to the base frame 2 with the other end 22a being a free end. 23 or above the roller 21 and pivotally supports the axis of the roller 21 at the central portion 22b. Both the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a are free ends, and the base frame 2 The elastic body 23 biased downward is attached to the A swing possible pressing member 22 for pressing at a constant pressure in a downward direction, and the pressing member 22 the drive source 24 fixed to, characterized in that it comprises a.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 4 is the simple solar tracking device 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control means 30 moves the base frame 2 in a clockwise direction from sunrise to sunset. The wheel driving means 20 is intermittently rotated at predetermined intervals so as to rotate, and when the time set as sunset is reached, or the direction of the base frame 2 coincides with the direction set as sunset Then, the wheel drive means 20 is rotated so as to rotate the base frame 2 in the counterclockwise direction, and the direction of the base frame 2 is returned to the state set as daylight. It is characterized by.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the simple solar tracking device 1 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the rotating mechanism 40 is downward from any side on the column 4 side of the outer peripheral frame of the panel mount 3. A semicircular semicircular frame 60 which is provided in a projecting manner and has a rotation center coinciding with the vertical rotation center 3a of the panel gantry 3, and an outer peripheral surface at both ends along the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame 60 A chain 61 that is fixed to the center region and is suspended, a rotary gear 41 that is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame 60 and the chain 61, and engages with the chain 61, and the rotary gear 41. And turning means 45 for turning.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to a sixth aspect is the simple solar tracking device 1 according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the holding mechanism 50 includes a plurality of groove portions 51 formed at equal intervals on an outer peripheral edge of the semicircular frame 60. A fixed bar 52 whose front end is fitted in the groove 51 by being pivotally supported by the support 4 and rotating in the vertical direction, or in a state of being fitted in the groove 51 And a holding member 53 for holding the fixing bar 52 in a fixed state.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 1 rotates in a horizontal direction according to the direction of the sun from sunrise to sunset in a day, and rotates in a vertical direction according to the altitude of the sun in one year. Since the solar panel 7 is always directly opposed to the sun by being moved, it is possible to perform power generation using sunlight effectively.

Since the drive source 24 that rotates the simple solar tracking device 1 in the horizontal direction is provided not in the position of the rotation center of the simple solar tracking device 1 but in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the simple solar tracking device 1. Compared to the structure in which the driving source 24 is disposed near the rotation center of the simplified solar tracking device 1, the structure can be simplified, the output of the driving source 24 can be reduced, and the size can be reduced.

In addition, the mechanism for adjusting the elevation angle of the simplified solar tracking device 1 is separated into a rotating mechanism 40 that allows the panel base 3 to be rotated lightly by hand, and a holding mechanism 50 that holds the tilted state of the panel base 3. There is an effect that it can be simplified.

  Since the wheel driving means 20 presses the rotating roller 21 downward in a biased state against the surface that becomes the ground contact surface of one wheel 6a, for example, even if a rubber tire is worn or a traveling tire is Even if the surface of the ground G or the like in contact with the surface is uneven, the wheel 6a can effectively follow the shape change of the ground G. Therefore, since the wheel 6a does not idle, the solar panel 7 can be firmly faced to the sun.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 2 achieves the same effect as the invention according to claim 1, and is further perpendicular to the height of the center of gravity of the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3. Since the column 4 is pivotally supported so as to provide a center of rotation, when no external force is applied in a windless state, the tilted state can be maintained without a holding mechanism 50 such as a lock, and it is extremely small when turning by human power. Can be manually operated with force.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 3 has the same effect as that of the invention according to claim 1 or 2, and the drive source 24 is integrated with the roller 21 that rotates the wheel 6 according to the unevenness of the ground G. Since the structure is made into a structure, when the wheel 6 moves on the uneven ground G, the roller 21 swings in the vertical direction, so that the transmission between the driving source 24 and the roller 21 is smooth regardless of the state of the ground G. Is transmitted to.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 4 achieves the same effect as the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and is horizontal depending on the direction of the sun from sunrise to sunset in a day. The direction of the solar panel 7 can be moved from east to west by making the method of rotating in the direction very close to the moving speed of the sun from east to west. For example, the solar panel 7 can be rotated so that the intermittent motion is automatically set by arbitrarily setting the horizontal rotation time and the pause time and facing the sun.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 5 has the same effect as that of the invention according to claims 1 to 4, and a horizontal rotating shaft at a portion passing through the center of gravity of the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3. Therefore, the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3 can be rotated in the vertical direction extremely lightly and easily. At this time, the height (elevation angle) of the sun gradually changes from month to month with one year as one cycle, but since the elevation angle is determined by the latitude and longitude, for example, the solar panel 7 and the panel stand for each month. The height which changes according to the season and the moon of the sun by marking the position of the elevation angle of 3 in advance and turning the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3 in the vertical direction so as to coincide with the corresponding mark every month. The elevation angle of the simplified solar tracking device 1 can be changed in accordance with the above. Further, the elevation angle adjustment cycle can be set to any time, either every half month or every week.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to claim 6 has the same effect as that of the invention according to claims 1 to 5, and maintains the tilted state of the elevation angle once adjusted for the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3. Can do. Compared with the structure in which the vertical rotation mechanism 40 serves both as a rotation operation and holding, the present invention completely separates the rotation mechanism 40 that is inclined in the vertical direction and the holding mechanism 50 that holds the inclined state. There is an effect that the force required for the rotation work can be minimized. Therefore, the solar panel 7 can be easily and lightly rotated in the vertical direction by human power, and can be operated with a small output even in the case of automation.

It is a right view which shows embodiment of the simple type solar tracking apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a top view which shows the state cut | disconnected in the horizontal direction just above the base frame of a simple type solar tracking device. It is a front view of the simple type solar tracking apparatus which shows the structure between a support | pillar and a solar panel from the A arrow view in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the wheel drive means to rotate a wheel. It is the external view which looked at the structure containing the press member in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C showing the configuration of the roller portion that presses the wheel, including the pressing member in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD showing a configuration around the axis of rotation center where the pressing member swings, including the pressing member in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a state including a pressing member in FIG. 4 and a state in which a drive source is fixed to the pressing member. It is a right view of a simplified solar tracking device, and is a right view showing the configuration of a semicircular frame, a chain, and a rotating gear. It is an enlarged view of the E section in Drawing 9, and is an enlarged view showing the state of a chain and a rotation gear. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a rotation mechanism, as seen from the direction F in FIG. 1. It is MM sectional drawing in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the state in which the fixing bar rotated and inserted in the groove part of a semicircle frame is not inserted. It is MM sectional drawing in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is sectional drawing of the front view which shows the state in which the fixing bar inserted into the groove part of a semicircle frame was inserted. It is NN sectional drawing in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is sectional drawing of the planar view which shows the non-locking state in which the fixing bar which turns and fits into the groove part of a semicircle frame is inserted. It is NN sectional drawing in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is sectional drawing of the planar view which shows the state which fitted and locked the fixing bar which rotates and is inserted in the groove part of a semicircle frame. It is explanatory drawing of planar view which shows the structure of the control means which controls rotation of the base frame in the horizontal direction. It is a right view of the simple type solar tracking device which shows the form made into the structure of only one wheel.

The simplified solar tracking device 1 according to the present invention is a simplified solar tracking device that rotates the solar panel 7 in the horizontal and vertical directions so that the light receiving surface of the solar panel 7 faces the sun as shown in FIG. It is the apparatus 1, Comprising: The panel mount 3 which mounts the said solar panel 7, The fixed axis | shaft 5 standing at the rotation center of the horizontal direction of the said panel mount 3, and the vertical rotation of the said panel mount 3 A support column 4 that pivotally supports the center 3a at both ends of the panel gantry 3, the support column 4 is erected upward, and at least one wheel 6 is suspended downward at the peripheral edge, and the fixed shaft 5 The base frame 2 installed so as to be pivotable in the horizontal direction around the center, and the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of one of the wheels 6 while being pressed by a roller 21, the roller is applied to the outer peripheral surface. 21 wheels by transmitting the rotational motion of 21 a wheel driving means 20 for rotating a, a control means 30 for controlling the rotation of the base frame 2 in the horizontal direction by controlling the wheel driving means 20, and a vertical rotation mechanism 40 for the panel frame 3. And a holding mechanism 50 in an inclined state after the panel base 3 is rotated, and the rotation mechanism 40 and the holding mechanism 50 are provided with a vertical rotation holding means formed separately.

  The simplified solar tracking device 1 is a device for effectively generating power using sunlight, and the configuration for rotating the solar panel 7 in the east-west direction in the horizontal direction is shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed shaft 5, the base frame 2, the wheels 6, the wheel driving means 20, and the control means 30 are configured to rotate the solar panel 7 in the vertical direction in the variable elevation angle direction. 9, FIG. 11 to FIG. 15, the panel mount 3, the support column 4, the vertical rotation mechanism 40, and the holding mechanism 50 in an inclined state.

  The panel mount 3 has a solar panel 7 mounted thereon as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the outer frame shape of the panel mount 3 has a substantially square frame shape.

First, a configuration for rotating the solar panel 7 in the horizontal direction in the east-west direction will be described.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the fixed shaft 5 is erected from the ground G or the floor G of the building and is positioned at the center of rotation of the base frame 2. As shown in FIG. 17, when the number of wheels 6 is 1 to 2, the fixed shaft 5 mounts the base frame 2 to receive the weight of the solar panel 7, the base frame 2 and the like together with the wheels 6. And the base frame 2 is rotated about the fixed shaft 5 by rolling a bearing between the base frame 2 and the fixed shaft 5. At this time, by increasing the vertical sliding area between the base frame 2 and the fixed shaft 5, the stability of the base frame 2 is improved. Further, when the number of wheels 6 is three or more, since the wheels 6 receive the weight of the solar panel 7, the base frame 2, etc., the fixed shaft 5 can be prevented from being weighted. In this structure, the base frame 2 is rotated about the fixed shaft 5 by rolling a bearing between the base frame 2 and the fixed shaft 5 without mounting the base frame 2 thereon.

Moreover, the base frame 2 should just be a form provided with the site | part which hangs down at least 1 wheel 6 as shown in FIG. Examples of the form include a form such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, a circular shape, or a polygonal shape in a plan view, or a combination of these forms. As shown in FIG. 2, the base frame 2 includes a base frame 2 b that supports the wheel driving means 20, and right and left when the sizes of the panel mount 3 and the base frame 2 are different in plan view. A base frame 2a for standing upright support columns 4 is provided.

The wheel 6 may be anything that rolls, such as a wheel 6 fitted with a tire for vehicles, a caster with rubber tires, a wheel 6 such as a train, and a wheel 6 used for grounding a moving object such as a roller. Further, the diameter of the wheel 6 is arbitrarily set in relation to the diameter of the roller 21. The wheel driving means 20 may be provided on one wheel 6 like the wheel 6a in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, the wheel driving means 20 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of the wheel 6 a from above, and the axis a is parallel to the axis b of the wheel 6. And a shaft portion c that is disposed above the roller 21 and supports the shaft center a of the roller 21 at the center portion 22b and is fixed to the base frame 2 at one end side. The other end side is a free end and is attached to the base frame 2 by a downwardly biased elastic body 23 or above the roller 21. An elastic body in a downwardly biased state that is supported by the base frame 2 with both the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a supported by the central portion 22b and supporting the axis of the roller 21. 23, and a slidable pressing member 22 that presses downward at a constant pressure; It comprises a driving source 24 which is fixed to the pressing member 22.

The drive source 24 is, for example, a motor 24 with a speed reducer, and the motor 24 with a speed reducer is operated by the electric power of the solar panel 7. As shown in FIG. It is transmitted to the roller 21. Since the rotational axis of the motor 24 with speed reducer and the rotational axis a of the roller 21 can be transmitted to the roller 21 by changing the transmission path in the same direction or in the orthogonal direction, any arrangement is possible. But you can. Since the motor 24 with a speed reducer is fixed to the side wall of the pressing member 22 via an attachment member 24a, the speed reducer motor 24 and the roller 21 swing together.

  The pressing member 22 is disposed above the wheel 6a as shown in FIG. 4, has a substantially U-shaped vertical cross section as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, and is substantially in plan view as shown in FIG. It has a rectangular shape. By making the cross-sectional shape U-shaped, the rigidity of the pressing member 22 can be increased.

  Next, the attachment structure with the base frame 2b etc. in the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the press member 22 is demonstrated. First, in the first structure of the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22, the structure of the wheel driving means 20 on the one end side 22c of the pressing member 22 is fixed to the base frame 2b as shown in FIG. The pressing member 22 is pivotally supported on the shaft portion c so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction.

  And the structure of the wheel drive means 20 as the 1st structure of the other end side 22a of the press member 22 is as shown in FIG. 25, and the upper end restrictor 25 in this state is inserted into the hole drilled in the pressing member 22 and the hole drilled in the base frame 2b or the member projecting from the base frame 2b. The nut is in close contact with the base frame 2b or the projecting member of the base frame 2b from below and screwed to the lower end side. Accordingly, the height position of the upper end of the spring 23 is restricted by the upper end portion of the upper end restricting tool 25, so that the spring 23 has a downward biasing force and abuts against the lower end of the spring 23. The pressed member 22 is always applied with a constant pressure by the spring force of the spring 23 in the downward direction. The elastic body 23 may be an elastic body 23 having a downward biasing force such as a coiled spring 23.

  Next, the second structure (not shown) of the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22 is the same as the structure of the wheel driving means 20 on the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22. The upper end restricting tool 25 is inserted into the central hole of the coil-shaped spring 23, and the upper end restricting tool 25 in this state is pressed against the pressing member. 22 and a hole drilled in the base frame 2b or a member projecting from the base frame 2b, and a nut on the lower end side of the base frame 2b or the base frame 2b. In this structure, the projecting member is brought into close contact with the screw from below. Accordingly, the height position of the upper end of the spring 23 is restricted by the upper end portion of the upper end restricting tool 25, so that the spring 23 has a downward biasing force and abuts against the lower end of the spring 23. The pressed member 22 is always applied with a constant pressure by the spring force of the spring 23 in the downward direction.

  Next, the structure of the wheel driving means 20 in the central portion 22b of the pressing member 22 is such that the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22 are both the first structure and the second structure as shown in FIG. The height of the roller 21 is set such that the outer peripheral surface of the roller 21 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of the wheel 6 a, and the contact portion of the outer peripheral surface of the wheel 6 is pushed down by the roller 21. The rotating shaft a is structured to be supported by the pressing member 22. Thereby, the force which pushes up the roller 21 to the upward direction with respect to the roller 21 side from the wheel 6a side is applied, and force is applied to the direction which pushes up the pressing member 22 with respect to the pressing member 22 indirectly from the wheel 6 side.

  When the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22 have the first structure, as shown in FIG. 4, the one end side 22c of the pressing member 22 is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. The central portion 22b of 22 has a structure in which a force to push the pressing member 22 upward is applied via the roller 21, and the other end 22a of the pressing member 22 has a structure in which the pressing member 22 is pressed downward by a spring 23. Therefore, as the pressing member 22 swings in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 4, the roller 21 can always be brought into elastic contact with the wheel 6 a to apply a constant pressure. Thereby, the rotational force of the roller 21 can be efficiently transmitted to the wheel 6a.

    Even when the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a of the pressing member 22 have the second structure, a force that pushes the pressing member 22 upward through the roller 21 is applied to the central portion 22b of the pressing member 22, and the pressing member 22 Since the one end side 22c and the other end side 22a are structured so that the pressing member 22 is pressed downward by the spring 23, the roller 21 always moves to the wheel 6a when the pressing member 22 swings in the vertical direction. A constant pressure can be applied by elastic contact. Thereby, the rotational force of the roller 21 can be efficiently transmitted to the wheel 6a.

  Next, the control means 30 for driving the wheel driving means 20 will be described. The control means 30 intermittently rotates the wheel driving means 20 at a predetermined interval so as to rotate the base frame 2 in the clockwise direction from sunrise to sunset, and is set as sunset time. Or when the direction of the base frame 2 coincides with the direction set at sunset, the wheel driving means 20 is rotated so as to rotate the base frame 2 in the counterclockwise direction. Then, control is performed to return the orientation of the base frame 2 to the state set as the time of sunrise.

  As a method of intermittently rotating the base frame 2 integrated with the solar panel 7 in a clockwise direction at predetermined time intervals, a time zone in which the drive source 24 is operated and a time zone in which the drive source 24 is stopped are set in advance by a timer. , A control method in which the two time zones are set to be repeated, and the controller 31 is set to repeat until the preset sunset time is reached, or the fixed shaft 5 has a gap as shown in FIG. For example, when the first proximity sensor 32 detects a convex portion when the concave and convex region 34 is formed on the rotating plate 36 fixed to the base frame 2 and rotates clockwise, for example, a time corresponding to a preset time. The controller is configured to repeat a cycle in which the driving source 24 is activated after the elapse of time, and the first proximity sensor 32 detects the next convex portion and stops for a preset time. There is a control method to set 1.

  Next, as a control method for returning the solar panel 7 to the horizontal direction at sunset, the base frame 2 is rotated counterclockwise when a preset time is reached at sunset. A control method in which the controller 31 is set so that the second proximity sensor 33 stops when the second proximity sensor 33 detects the position of the sunrise, or the rotating disk 36 fixed to the base frame 2 as shown in FIG. When the second proximity sensor 33 first detects the concave portion of the concave / convex region 34 from the convex portion of the arc region 35 of the rotating disk 36, the base frame 2 is rotated counterclockwise, There is a control method in which the controller 31 is set so as to stop the drive source 24 when the second proximity sensor 33 detects the position of sunrise.

  Next, a method for adjusting the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 will be described. The vertical rotation method of the panel base 3 for adjusting the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 includes a rotation mechanism 40 of the panel base 3 and a holding mechanism 50 of the inclined panel base 3. The rotating mechanism 40 and the holding mechanism 50 are separated from each other.

The rotation mechanism 40 protrudes downward from either side of the support frame 4 side of the outer peripheral frame of the panel gantry 3, and has a semicircular shape whose rotation center coincides with the vertical rotation center 3 a of the panel gantry 3. A semicircular frame 60 having a shape, a chain 61 having both ends fixed to the outer peripheral surface along the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame 60 and a central region suspended, and the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame 60 and the chain 61 And a rotation gear 41 that engages with the chain 61 and a rotation means 45 that rotates the rotation gear 41.

  And let the rotation center 3a of the vertical direction of the panel mount 3 be the structure used as the gravity center position of the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3. FIG.

  The semicircular frame 60 protrudes from the outer peripheral frame of the panel mount 3 toward the lower side, which is the opposite direction to the solar panel 7, and the side view is a semicircular peripheral shape as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the cross-sectional shape is a vertical wall 62 having a direction coinciding with the direction of a surface formed by an assembly of lines extending from the rotation center of the semicircular frame 60 in the semicircular peripheral direction. And a horizontal wall 63 projecting in a direction perpendicular to the vertical wall 62 at the approximate center of the vertical wall 62.

  The chain 61 is disposed along the outer peripheral edge of the vertical wall 62 of the semicircular frame 60, both ends are fixed to the outer peripheral edge, and the center region is provided in a suspended state without being fixed to the outer peripheral edge. Yes. As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a space is formed between the chain 61 and the vertical wall 62 in the vertical direction in the vicinity of the support column 4 in a side view, and engages with the chain 61 in this space. A rotating gear 41 is arranged as described above. The panel mount 3 is tilted in the direction in which the rotation gear 41 rotates, whereby the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 can be adjusted.

  In the case where the vertical rotation center 3a of the panel base 3 is configured to be the center of gravity of the solar panel 7 and the panel base 3, a force for tilting the solar panel 7 and the panel base 3 is applied. Even if it is small, the solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3 can be tilted easily. Therefore, the large solar panel 7 and the panel mount 3 can be tilted easily by human power.

  The rotating means 45 for rotating the rotating gear 41 may be a handle that is manually rotated as shown in FIG. 11, or may be an automatic rotating device that uses the drive source 24 for a motor or the like. As shown in FIG. 11, the rotation shaft 43 that transmits the rotational force of the handle, which is the rotation means 45, to the rotation gear 41 is pivotally supported on the support column 4 by a mounting tool 46. When the handle is manually rotated, the rotation shaft 43 is rotated, the rotation gear 41 fixed to the rotation shaft 43 is rotated, the chain 61 engaged with the rotation gear 41 is moved, and the chain is moved. The semicircular frame 60 to which both ends of 61 are fixed rotates, and the panel mount 3 integrated with the semicircular frame 60 is inclined. Since the suspended chain 61 is tensioned by the rotating gear 41, the semicircular frame 60 also follows and rotates when the engaging rotating gear 41 rotates. By adopting a structure in which the rotation mechanism 40 and the holding mechanism 50 are separated, the rotation mechanism 40 can be simplified.

  Next, the holding mechanism 50 of the inclined panel mount 3 will be described.

  The holding mechanism 50 is supported by a plurality of groove portions 51 formed at equal intervals on the outer peripheral edge of the semicircular frame 60 and pivotally supported by the support column 4 or attached to the support column 4 and sliding. The fixing bar 52 whose front end is fitted into the groove 51 and the holding member 53 that holds the fixed bar 52 fitted in the groove 51 in a fixed state are provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 in front view, or as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 in plan view, a plurality of grooves 51 are formed at equal intervals on the lateral wall 63 of the semicircular frame 60. The elevation angle of the solar panel 7 changes correspondingly depending on the position of the groove 51. Moreover, since the altitude of the sun for one year can be known from the latitude and longitude of the place where the simplified solar tracking device 1 is installed, the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 is set so as to face the sun according to the altitude of the sun in each month. If the groove 51 corresponding to each month is marked to indicate the corresponding month, the inclined state of the solar panel 7 is maintained so that the groove 51 corresponding to each month faces the sun. Can be made.

  The fixing bar 52 is fitted in the groove 51 to hold the inclined state of the solar panel 7. As shown in FIGS. 12 to 15, the fixing bar 52 is first configured to fit the front end portion into the groove 51 by being pivotally supported by the support column 4 and rotating in the vertical direction as shown in FIGS. 12 to 15. And although it is not illustrated as form B, it is a form which makes the front-end part fit in the said groove part 51 by making it slide from the site | part fixed to the support | pillar 4. FIG.

  The shape of the groove 51 and the shape of the tip of the fixing bar 52 may be any shape as long as the convex portion of the tip of the fixing bar 52 fits into the concave portion of the groove 51. When the fixing bar 52 is in the form A, the lower end side of the shape in the side view of the groove 51 is widened and the upper end side is narrowed, the lower end side of the shape of the distal end portion of the fixing bar 52 is widened and the upper end side is narrowed, And when the front-end | tip part of the fixed bar 52 rotates from the downward direction and it fits in the groove part 51, the cross section of the front-back direction of the groove part 51 and the front-back direction of the front-end | tip part of the fixed bar 52 so that each surface may closely_contact | adhere. If the size and the inclination angle are set to be the same, the tip of the fixing bar 52 can be brought into close contact with the groove 51.

  When the fixing bar 52 is in the form B, the side far from the fixing bar 52 having a shape in plan view of the groove 51 is narrowed and the side close to the fixing bar 52 is widened, and the tip side of the shape of the tip of the fixing bar 52 is The tip of the groove 51 and the fixing bar 52 in plan view so that the respective surfaces come into close contact when the tip of the fixing bar 52 is slid and fitted into the groove 51 when the side far from the tip is widened. If the size and the inclination angle of the part are set to be the same, the tip part of the fixing bar 52 can be brought into close contact with the groove part 51.

Next, the holding mechanism 50 in the case of the form A will be described. When the semicircular frame 60 is rotated by the rotation mechanism 40, the holding mechanism 50 is in a vertical posture at a position where the fixed bar 52 supported by the shaft 52a is separated from the groove 51 as shown in FIG. It becomes the state of. Since the tip side of the fixed bar 52 is heavier than the hand side than the position of the fixed bar 52 that is pivotally supported by the shaft 52a, the fixed bar 52 is in a vertical posture with the hand side up in the natural state. It is trying to become. The shaft 52 a is fixed to a member protruding from the restricting member 54 fixed to the support column 4.

  The state of the holding mechanism 50 when holding the elevation angle after the semicircular frame 60 is rotated by the rotation mechanism 40 and the panel mount 3 is tilted so as to have a predetermined elevation angle is shown in FIGS. 13 and 15. As shown, the proximal side of the fixed bar 52 is lowered by hand and rotated so that the distal end side of the fixed bar 52 is fitted into the groove 51. In this state, the tip end side of the shaft 52a of the fixed bar 52 is bumped to the bottom surface of the restricting member 54 fixed to the support column 4, and the hand tip side of the shaft 52a of the fixed bar 52 has the upper end on the bottom surface of the holding plate 53a. Since it is stopped, the fixed bar 52 is held in a non-moving state, and the panel mount 3 can be held at a predetermined elevation angle.

  As shown in FIG. 14, when the fixing bar 52 is rotated, the holding plate 53a for stopping the upper end of the fixing bar 52 on the proximal side is a shaft 53c fixed to a member protruding from the restricting member 54. And is pivoted so as to be outside the range of the vertical trajectory of the fixed bar 52. After the fixing bar 52 is rotated, as shown in FIG. 15, the holding plate 53a is rotated so that the bolt 53d is inserted into the cut portion of the holding plate 53a, and the bolt 53d is screwed. The stopper 53 b is screwed so that the holding plate 53 a is in close contact with the upper end of the fixing bar 52. As a result, the upper end of the fixed bar 52 closer to the hand than the shaft 52a can be stopped by the holding plate 53a. Here, when the fixing bar 52 is in a horizontal state, the upper end of the fixing bar 52 is substantially in contact with the bottom surface of the regulating member 54 and the bottom surface of the holding plate 53a.

  Next, although not shown, the holding mechanism 50 in the case of the form B may be any means as long as it is a means for fixing the slidable fixing bar. For example, there is a structure in which a contact plate is brought into contact with the rear end portion of the fixed bar that has been slid from behind and is fastened with a fastener such as a bolt to a member in which the plate is fixed to the support column 4.

  Next, a method for using the simplified solar tracking device 1 will be described. First, preparation for operating the simplified solar tracking device 1 is performed. For one thing, the altitude of the sun can be grasped in advance from the latitude and longitude of the position where the solar panel 7 is installed for each month and so on. Find the elevation angle.

  Secondly, the control method is set in the controller 31 so that the direction of the solar panel 7 faces the sun with respect to the movement of the sun from east to west from sunrise to sunset. For example, when the horizontal clockwise movement of the base frame 2 is performed by intermittent operation by repeating the rotation and stop, the rotation time and the stop time are set in advance. Set around sunset time to stop intermittent operation in the horizontal direction. Alternatively, when using a turntable 36 having a concavo-convex shape as shown in FIG. 16, a clockwise rotation start or stop start and stop time is set by detecting a concave portion or a convex portion, and from the arc region 35 The position that changes to the uneven area 34 is set as sunset.

In any case, the timer setting at the time of sunrise is performed, and the controller 31 is set to start the operation of the wheel driving means 20 when the sunrise timer time comes. Then, at sunset, the controller 31 is set to operate the wheel driving means 20 so as to return the direction of the solar panel 7 to the predetermined sunrise position by rotating the base frame 2 counterclockwise. .

Adjustment is performed so that the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 corresponds to the altitude of the sun in the season or the month. Thereafter, the holding member 53 of the holding mechanism 50 is rotated so that the fixed bar 52 can be rotated, and the fixed bar 52 is rotated and detached from the groove 51. And the handle | steering-wheel of the rotation mechanism 40 is rotated, and the inclination angle which makes the elevation angle of the solar panel 7 a target elevation angle is made. In order to hold the inclined state of the solar panel 7, the fixing bar 52 of the holding mechanism 50 is fitted into the groove 51, the holding member 53 is rotated, and the screw stopper 53b is screwed.

  Next, when the power source of the simplified solar tracking device 1 is turned on, the wheel driving means 20 is automatically operated by the controller 31, and the solar panel 7 changes its direction in accordance with the azimuth angle of the sun.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Simple type solar tracking device 2 Base frame 3 Panel mount 4 Support column 5 Fixed shaft 6 Wheel 6a Wheel 7 Sunlight panel 20 Wheel drive means 21 Roller 22 Press member 22a Other end side 22b Central part 22c One end side 23 Elastic body (Spring )
24 Drive source (motor with speed reducer)
24a Attaching member 25 Upper end restricting tool 30 Control means 31 Controller 32 First proximity sensor 33 Second proximity sensor 34 Concavity and convexity area 35 Arc area 36 Turntable 40 Rotating mechanism 41 Rotating gear 43 Rotating shaft 45 Rotating means 46 Mounting tool 50 Holding Mechanism 51 Groove 52 Fixed bar 53 Holding member 54 Restricting member 60 Semicircular frame 61 Chain 62 Vertical wall 63 Horizontal wall

Claims (6)

A simple solar tracking device that rotates the solar panel horizontally and vertically so that the light receiving surface of the solar panel faces the sun,
A panel mount on which the solar panel is mounted;
A fixed shaft erected at the horizontal rotation center of the panel mount;
A column that pivotally supports the vertical rotation center of the panel frame at both ends of the panel frame;
A base frame in which the support column is erected upward, at least one wheel is vertically suspended at the peripheral edge, and is installed to be rotatable in a horizontal direction around the fixed shaft;
Wheel driving means for rotating the wheel by transmitting the rotational motion of the roller to the outer peripheral surface while pressing the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of one of the wheels with a roller,
Control means for controlling the horizontal rotation of the base frame by controlling the wheel drive means;
A vertical rotation holding means having a vertical rotation mechanism of the panel base and a holding mechanism in an inclined state after the panel base is rotated, wherein the rotation mechanism and the holding mechanism are separately formed. When,
A simple solar tracking device comprising:   The simplified solar tracking device according to claim 1, wherein the center of rotation of the panel base in the vertical direction is a center of gravity of the solar panel and the panel base. The wheel driving means is
A roller that is laterally arranged so that the shaft center is parallel to the wheel shaft center in a state of being in contact with the outer peripheral surface serving as the ground contact surface of the wheel from above;
Arranged above the roller, pivotally supported by the central axis of the roller at the center, and supported at one end side so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction to the shaft portion fixed to the base frame, and freely at the other end side By the elastic body in the downwardly biased state attached to the base frame at the end,
Alternatively, it is disposed above the roller and pivotally supports the center of the roller at the center, and is urged downwardly attached to the base frame at both the one end side and the other end side as free ends. By the elastic body of the state
A swingable pressing member that presses downward with a constant pressure;
The simplified solar tracking device according to claim 1, further comprising: a drive source fixed to the pressing member. The control means is
During the period from sunrise to sunset, the wheel drive means is intermittently rotated at predetermined intervals so as to rotate the base frame in the clockwise direction,
When the time set at sunset is reached, or when the orientation of the base frame coincides with the orientation set at sunset, the wheel drive means is rotated to rotate the base frame counterclockwise. The simplified solar tracking device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein control is performed to rotate and return the orientation of the base frame to a state set as daylight. The turning mechanism is
A semi-circular semicircular frame that protrudes downward from either side of the support frame side of the outer frame of the panel frame and has a center of rotation that coincides with the vertical center of rotation of the panel frame;
Along the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame, a chain with both ends fixed to the outer peripheral surface and the central region suspended.
A rotating gear that is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the semicircular frame and the chain and engages the chain;
5. The simplified solar tracking device according to claim 1, further comprising: a rotating unit configured to rotate the rotating gear. The holding mechanism is
A plurality of grooves formed at equal intervals on the outer periphery of the semicircular frame;
A fixed bar that is pivotally supported by the support column and pivots in the vertical direction, or is attached to the support column and slides so that a front end portion thereof is fitted into the groove portion,
6. The simplified solar tracking device according to claim 1, further comprising: a holding member that holds the fixing bar fitted in the groove portion in a fixed state.

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