JP2016210720A - Motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a motor function improving agent, a respiratory function improving agent, or a cognitive ability improving agent which provides a higher effect.SOLUTION: A motor function improving agent, a respiratory function improving agent, or a cognitive ability improving agent contains leucine, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D as active ingredients. The motor function improving agent, the respiratory function improving agent, or the cognitive ability improving agent may contain at least either of isoleucine and valine as additional active ingredients. The motor function improving agent, the respiratory function improving agent, or the cognitive ability improving agent may contain one or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, and histidine, as additional active ingredients.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a motor function improving agent, a respiratory function improving agent, or a cognitive ability improving agent.

  The loss of muscle mass, weakness and poor physical function commonly seen in older people is called sarcopenia. In fact, over 50% of the elderly over 80 are sarcopenia. Sarcopenia causes falls, broken bones, or decreased daily activities, and is a major cause of long-term care. Resistance exercise or high protein diet is expected as prevention of sarcopenia, but it is difficult for elderly people to exercise resistance exercise from the viewpoint of safety and continuity.

  Therefore, attempts have been made to improve the physical function of the elderly through nutritional interventions, etc., without aggressive resistance exercise. If the physical function is improved, as shown in Non-Patent Document 1, an improvement in cognitive ability is also expected.

  For example, Non-Patent Document 2 discloses that the walking distance of elderly people for 6 minutes is extended by ingesting 12 g of amino acid per day for 3 months. Further, in Non-Patent Document 3, an increase in lean body mass in the elderly is recognized by ingesting 15 g of essential amino acid per day for 3 months. In Non-Patent Document 4, it is estimated that by ingesting 6 g of medium chain fatty acid per day for 3 months, an increase in serum albumin is observed and protein synthesis is enhanced as compared with the case of ingesting long chain fatty acid. Has been. In Non-Patent Document 5, it is recognized that the balance fluctuation and Timed Up and Go Test are improved by administration of 800 to 1000 IU of vitamin D.

Langa KM, 1 other person, “The diagnosis and management of mild council imperiment: a clinical review.”, Journal of the American 23, 56. Scogniglio R, four others, "Oral Amino Acids in Elderly Subjects: Effect on Myocardial Function and Walking Capacity.", Gerontology, 2005, 308, 308 Dillon EL, eight others, "Amino acid supplementation increases lean body mass, basal muscle protein synthesis, and insulin-like growth factor-I expression in older women.", The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2009 years, 94 (5 ), 1630-1637 Naohisa Nosaka, 6 others, “Effects of medium-chain fatty acid intake on serum albumin levels in elderly people with the risk of protein and energy undernutrition (PEM)”, Journal of Japanese Society of Clinical Nutrition, 2010, 32 (1) 52-61 Mir SW, 1 other, “Effect of vitalmin D supplement, in the year 91, and the sine of the 20th and 19th, 19th and 19th. −300 Bueno NB, and three others, "Dietary Medium-Chain Triacylglycerols versus Long-Chain Triacylglycerols for Body Composition in Adults:. Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials", Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2015 February 4 Sun, 1-9 Mumme K, outside one person, "Effects of Medium-Chain Triglycerides on Weight Loss and Body Composition:. A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials", Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2015 years, 115 (2), 249 -263

  However, in the said nonpatent literatures 2-5, the influence on the muscle mass by the simultaneous intake of an amino acid, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D, a muscular strength, and cognitive ability is not examined. Regarding the intake of medium chain fatty acids, as shown in Non-Patent Documents 6 and 7, it leads to a decrease in body weight and waist circumference, but no increase in muscle mass and strength has been reported. In particular, since an increase in muscle mass and strength is important for the improvement of sarcopenia, it is difficult to say that a sufficient effect can be obtained by taking amino acids, medium chain fatty acids and vitamin D alone.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at providing the motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent from which a higher effect is acquired.

  When the inventor ingests medium chain fatty acids, medium chain fatty acids are preferentially used for energy production, resulting in savings in the amount of amino acids used for energy production and increased protein synthesis from amino acids. I thought. Therefore, the inventors focused on medium-chain fatty acids and leucine, which contributes most to amino acid synthesis among amino acids, and conducted extensive research. As a result, it was found that by combining leucine, medium chain fatty acid and vitamin D, motor function, respiratory function and cognitive ability are greatly improved.

That is, the motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent or cognitive ability improving agent according to the present invention is:
Leucine, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D are used as active ingredients.

In this case, the motor function improver, respiratory function improver or cognitive improver according to the present invention is
Further comprising at least one of isoleucine and valine as an active ingredient,
It is good as well.

Moreover, the motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent or cognitive ability improving agent according to the present invention,
One or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and histidine are further used as an active ingredient,
It is good as well.

Moreover, the motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent or cognitive ability improving agent according to the present invention,
Ingested at dinner,
It is good as well.

Further, the leucine and the vitamin D are packaged independently of the medium chain fatty acid,
It is good as well.

  According to the present invention, a higher effect can be obtained with respect to improvement of motor function, improvement of respiratory function or improvement of cognitive ability.

It is a figure which shows the change of BMI (Body mass index) before and behind a test. It is a figure which shows the change of the grip strength of the right hand before and after a test. It is a figure which shows the change of the walking speed before and behind a test. It is a figure which shows the change of the repetitive opening / closing exercise | movement of the lower leg before and behind a test. It is a figure which shows the change of the maximum expiration volume before and after a test. It is a figure which shows the change of MMSE before and behind a test. It is a figure which shows the change of NM scale before and behind a test.

  Embodiments according to the present invention will be described. In addition, this invention is not limited by the following embodiment and drawing.

(Embodiment 1)
The motor function improving agent according to Embodiment 1 contains leucine, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D as active ingredients. Leucine may use any of L-form, D-form, and DL-form. Leucine may be extracted and purified from animals and plants containing leucine, or may be obtained by chemical synthesis, fermentation, or genetic recombination. Commercially available leucine may also be used.

  The medium chain fatty acid refers to a fatty acid having 8 (C8: 0) or 10 (C10: 0) carbon atoms such as caprylic acid and capric acid. The medium chain fatty acid may be contained in the motor function improving agent as a medium chain triglyceride (hereinafter also referred to as “MCT”) which is an oil such as triglyceride of the medium chain fatty acid. As the medium chain fatty acid oil, fats and oils containing a large amount of medium chain fatty acid such as coconut oil, palm oil and palm kernel oil may be used. Coconut oil and palm oil may be extracted and purified from natural plants. Commercially available medium chain fatty acid oil may be used as the medium chain fatty acid.

  The motor function improving agent may contain both C8: 0 and C10: 0 medium chain fatty acids as medium chain fatty acids. Although the weight ratio of C8: 0 and C10: 0 contained is arbitrary, for example, C10: 0 may be 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of C8: 0. Moreover, 1-10 weight part may be sufficient as C8: 0 with respect to 1 weight part C10: 0. Preferably, the weight ratio of C8: 0 to C10: 0 contained in the motor function improving agent is 2 to 5 parts by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 1 part by weight of C10: 0. ~ 4 parts by weight, especially 3 parts by weight.

  The weight ratio of leucine and medium chain fatty acid in the motor function improving agent is appropriately set. For example, 1 to 10 parts by weight of medium chain fatty acid may be used per 1 part by weight of leucine. Preferably, the weight ratio of leucine and medium chain fatty acid contained in the motor function improver is 2 to 10 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 8 parts by weight of medium chain fatty acid with respect to 1 part by weight of leucine. Particularly preferred is 4 to 6 parts by weight.

  Vitamin D is, for example, ergocalciferol and cholecalciferol. The weight ratio of leucine and vitamin D in the motor function improving agent is arbitrary, but is preferably 0.00001 to 0.0001 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of leucine.

  Preferably, the motor function improver contains 0.7 to 1.5 g, 0.9 to 1.4 g, preferably 1.0 to 1.3 g of leucine per 100 kcal of the motor function improver, and MCT, 2-10 g, 4-8 g, preferably 5-7 g.

  The motor function improving agent may contain a branched chain amino acid other than leucine, an essential amino acid, vitamins other than vitamin D, and minerals as active ingredients. Examples of branched chain amino acids include isoleucine and valine. The motor function improving agent may contain isoleucine and / or valine as an active ingredient.

  In addition, essential amino acids include tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine, isoleucine and histidine. Preferably, the motor function improving agent further comprises one or more amino acids among the essential amino acids as an active ingredient.

  The content of amino acids other than leucine in the aforementioned motor function improving agent is arbitrary, but is preferably 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 0 parts per 1 part by weight of leucine. .4 parts by weight.

  Vitamins include vitamin A such as retinol, retinal and retinoic acid, carotenoid such as β-carotene, vitamin E such as α-tocopherol, and fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin K such as phylloquinone and menaquinone, and thiamine Vitamin B1, vitamin B2 such as riboflavin, vitamin B6 such as pyridoxine, pyridoxal and pyridoxamine, vitamin B12 such as cyanocobalamin, niacin such as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, vitamin B group such as pantothenic acid, biotin and folic acid, and further vitamins And water-soluble vitamins such as C.

  The content of vitamins other than vitamin D in the motor function improving agent is arbitrary, but is preferably 0.00001 to 0.0001 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of leucine.

  Examples of minerals include sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, iodine, iron, copper, manganese, selenium, zinc, chromium and molybdenum. In addition, the said motor function improving agent may contain water etc.

  The motor function improving agent according to the present embodiment may be a composition in which leucine, medium chain fatty acid, vitamin D and the like are mixed, or may be formulated into a solid preparation or a liquid preparation together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Good. The motor function improving agent is provided in an arbitrary dosage form such as an injection, a nasal absorption agent, a transdermal absorption agent, a pulmonary absorption agent, an oral absorption agent, and an oral administration agent. As possible, it is preferably in a form that can be taken orally.

  The pharmacologically acceptable carriers are various organic carrier materials or inorganic carrier materials used as pharmaceutical materials. Examples of the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier include excipients, lubricants, binders, disintegrants in solid preparations, solvents, solubilizers, suspending agents, isotonic agents, and buffering agents in liquid preparations. And so on. Moreover, additives such as preservatives, antioxidants, colorants, sweeteners and the like can be used as necessary.

  Examples of the excipient include lactose, sucrose, D-mannitol, starch, crystalline cellulose, and light anhydrous silicic acid. Examples of the lubricant include magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, talc, colloidal silica, and the like. Examples of the binder include crystalline cellulose, sucrose, D-mannitol, dextrin, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. Disintegrants are, for example, starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, croscarmellose sodium, carboxymethyl starch sodium and the like.

  Examples of the solvent include water for injection, alcohol, propylene glycol, and macrogol. Examples of the solubilizer include polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, D-mannitol, benzyl benzoate, ethanol, trisaminomethane, cholesterol, triethanolamine, sodium carbonate, sodium citrate and the like. Suspending agents are surfactants, hydrophilic polymers and the like, for example, stearyltriethanolamine, sodium lauryl sulfate, laurylaminopropionic acid, lecithin, benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, glyceryl monostearate, Polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and the like.

  Examples of tonicity agents are sodium chloride, glycerin, D-mannitol and the like. The buffering agent is, for example, a phosphate, acetate, carbonate, citrate buffer or the like. Examples of the preservative include p-hydroxybenzoates, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, dehydroacetic acid, sorbic acid, and the like. Examples of the antioxidant include sulfite and ascorbic acid.

  The motor function improving agent according to the present embodiment may be taken once a day or divided into a plurality of times a day. The daily intake of the motor function improving agent is individually determined according to the age, sex, weight, degree of decrease in motor function, dietary conditions, etc. of the user. Preferably, the motor function improving agent is taken so as to be about 50 to 200 kcal per day for an adult, more preferably 70 to 150 kcal, and particularly preferably 70 to 100 kcal. By ingesting the motor function improving agent with 70 to 100 kcal per day as a guide, a sufficient motor function improving effect can be obtained while preventing obesity and the like.

  In the motor function improving agent according to the present embodiment, the daily intake may be individually packaged in a single packaging unit including the daily intake.

  In addition, the said motor function improving agent can be manufactured with a well-known formulation technique.

  The motor function improving agent improves the motor function of the intake person. Motor function means body movement, and includes hand movement, arm movement, standing up, knee flexion / extension, walking, and opening / closing of lower limbs. Motor functions also include grip strength, which is important for hand-grip movements.

  As described above in detail, the motor function improving agent according to the present embodiment exhibits a suppression effect or an improvement effect on the decrease in muscle strength and motor function. As shown in the following examples, the motor function improving agent can particularly improve the muscular strength and motor function of the elderly.

  In addition, as shown in the following examples, the motor function improving agent also improves respiratory function and cognitive ability. Therefore, the motor function improving agent can also be used as a respiratory function improving agent or a cognitive performance improving agent. That is, in another embodiment, a respiratory function improving agent or a cognitive ability improving agent containing leucine, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D as active ingredients is provided.

  The respiratory function improving agent improves respiratory function. Examples of the respiratory function mainly include expiratory volume, inspiratory volume, vital capacity, and maximum expiratory flow. The cognitive ability improving agent improves cognitive ability. Cognitive ability refers to intellectual functions such as recognition of things or the situation in which they are placed, use of language, calculation, memory, learning, and thinking. The improvement of cognitive ability can be evaluated by a well-known established questionnaire survey or the like.

  In another embodiment, a nutritional supplement, a nutritional supplement, or an additive for food or drink containing leucine, a medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D is provided. The nutritional supplement, nutritional supplement, or food and beverage additive contains leucine, medium chain fatty acid, and vitamin D. Therefore, when ingested, the nutritional function improving effect, the respiratory function improving effect, or the cognitive ability improving effect can be obtained. can get.

In addition, the above-mentioned motor function improving agent may be added to foods and drinks as food additives, and as foods and drinks such as foods for specified health use, health functional foods such as nutritional functional foods, nutritional supplements, and other health foods Also good. Examples of the food and drink include solid foods, liquid foods, and beverages. The solid food is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include kneaded products, seasonings, mousses, jelly, confectionery, and bread. In addition, the liquid food is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include teas, concentrated fruit juices, concentrated and reduced juices, juices, carbonated drinks, soft drinks, milk drinks, and alcoholic beverages. When making the said motor function improving agent into food-drinks, it can manufacture with a well-known food manufacturing technique.
Can.

  When the above motor function improver is used as a food or drink, sweeteners, coloring agents, preservatives, thickening stabilizers, antioxidants, color formers, bleaching agents, fungicides, gum bases, bittering agents, enzymes, brighteners, A sour agent, a seasoning, an emulsifier, a reinforcing agent, a manufacturing agent, a fragrance, a spice, and the like may be appropriately added.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, the second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the usage of the motor function improving agent according to the first embodiment will be described in detail.

  The above-mentioned motor function improving agent is used in any usage, but is preferably taken at dinner. In this case, the motor function improving agent may be taken immediately before dinner, or may be taken together with food or drink during dinner or immediately after dinner.

  For example, leucine and vitamin D contained in the motor function improving agent may be ingested within 1 to 2 hours before dinner, and the medium chain fatty acid may be ingested together with dinner food and drink. For this reason, leucine and vitamin D are preferably packaged independently of the medium chain fatty acids. When leucine and vitamin D are packaged independently of medium chain fatty acids, the above-mentioned daily intake may be individually packaged in one packaging unit for leucine and vitamin D and medium chain fatty acids. . As appropriate, amino acids other than leucine may be mixed with leucine or medium chain fatty acids.

  As described above in detail, the motor function improving agent according to the present embodiment may be taken at dinner. By taking at dinner, the effect of improving motor function can be obtained more reliably. Similarly, when used as a respiratory function improving agent and a cognitive ability improving agent, the effect of improving respiratory function and cognitive ability can be obtained more reliably by being taken at dinner.

  In the present embodiment, leucine and vitamin D may be packaged independently of the medium chain fatty acid. In this way, for example, taking leucine and vitamin D and medium chain fatty acids separately, such as taking leucine and vitamin D before dinner, and eating dinner food or drink mixed with medium chain fatty acids. Can improve convenience.

  The following examples further illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

(Examination subject)
The subjects of the examination were 65 years old or older corresponding to the nursing care degree 1 to 5 which is an entrance standard of the nursing care insurance system. The subjects are residents of a nursing home for the elderly living under medical care by a doctor, receiving care such as nursing or nursing, rehabilitation, or nutritional management.

  From the above subjects, 3 subjects randomly selected consenting subjects (11 males, 27 females, 38 in total, age 86.6 ± 4.8 (mean ± standard deviation)) Divided into. The first group is a “leucine + MCT group” in which the subject ingested 3 g of essential amino acid containing 1.2 g of leucine, 6 g of MCT, vitamin D800IU (20 μg) (total 84 kcal / day) per day. The second group consists of “leucine + LCT” in which the subject ingested 3 g of essential amino acid containing 1.2 g of leucine, 6 g of long chain fatty acid oil (LCT), and vitamin D800IU (20 μg). A group. The third group is a control group (n = 12) who lives a normal life without intervention. The intervention lasted for 3 months. During the intervention period, one person in the leucine + LCT group and one person in the control group discontinued the study, so that the leucine + MCT group (n = 13), the “leucine + LCT group” (n = 12) and the control group (n = 11) ) Was analyzed. During the intervention period, lifestyle changes were not changed before the intervention, and the amount of meal and physical activity were not changed.

Exclusion criteria A. Those who need treatment with infusion. Patients with severe dysphagia who cannot take orally. Patients with type 1 diabetes, severe heart disease, liver disease, kidney disease, blood disease Fasting blood glucose level: 200 mg / dl or more E. Those with a blood creatinine level of 1.5 mg / dl or more. Blood C-reactive protein 2.0 mg / dl or higher BMI 23.0 or higher Person with applicable food allergy

(intervention)
The leucine + MCT group took 1 pack (100 g) of amino acid preparation (Amino L40, manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.) having the composition shown in Table 1 as essential amino acids and vitamin D just before dinner. Furthermore, the leucine + MCT group ingested food (added to rice, miso soup, etc.) mixed with 6 g of MCT (Nisshin Oilio Co., Ltd.) having the composition shown in Table 2 as dinner. On the other hand, the leucine + LCT group, like the leucine + MCT group, ingested 1 pack of Amino L40 and mixed with 6 g of LCT (Nisshin Oilio Co., Ltd.) having the composition shown in Table 2 (added to rice, miso soup, etc.) Was taken as dinner. In both the leucine + MCT group and the leucine + LCT group, the intake rate of the amino acid preparation was 100%, and there was no uneaten dinner. During the intervention period, no subjects complained of side effects such as diarrhea in either group.

(Evaluation item)
Pre-intervention and post-intervention measurements of upper arm circumference and triceps subcutaneous fat thickness, muscle strength, motor function and respiratory function, questionnaire survey for cognitive ability, BMI Body weight measurement and blood sampling were performed. Blood sampling after the intervention was performed on the early morning morning after the last intervention meal. Measurements before and after the intervention were performed by the same examiner.

  As the muscle mass of the upper limbs, the left and right upper arm muscle areas (AMA), the upper arm circumference (AC) and the triceps subcutaneous fat thickness (Tripes) It was calculated from skinfold thickness (TSF). AC and TSF were measured with a tape measure and caliper, respectively. AMA was determined by the following equation 1.

AMA = [AC (cm) −π × TSF (cm)] ² / 4π (Formula 1)

  As the muscular strength, the muscular strengths of the left and right upper arms and thighs were measured. The strength of the upper arm was estimated by the grip strength of the left and right, and the strength of the thigh was estimated by measuring the time during which the lower leg could be kept horizontal so that the lower leg was horizontally stretched to the floor while sitting on a chair. The time reflects the strength of the quadriceps.

  Motor function was estimated by measuring lower limb repetitive opening and closing movements to examine walking speed and agility, that is, how many times the lower limbs can be repetitively opened and closed in 10 seconds (Kobayashi K, 2 others, “Development of the "10-second Open-Close Stepping Test" (OCS-10) and Fundamental Study of Its Measurement Values through a Comparison of Healthy Young People and Community-Dwelling Elderly ", Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2012 years, 24 (8) 747-9).

  As a respiratory muscle function, the peak expiratory flow (PEF) was measured with a peak flow meter (manufactured by Scientific Molding Corporation) (Quanker PH, outside 4 names, “Peak expiratory flow: confluency flow: confluency flow: confluency flow: mm of the European Society Society. ", The European republicology journal, 1997, Supplement 24, 2S-8S).

  For the questionnaire survey to investigate cognitive ability, subjective Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, 30 points) and (Velayudan L, 6 others, “Review of british cognitive tests for patents ps. IPA, 2014, 26 (8), 1247-62), the objective mentality scale for the elderly (NM scale, 50 points) (Nishimura T, et al., “Scales for mental state and daily living activities for the elderly: clinical b ehavioral scales for Assessing demented patents. ", International psychogeriatrics / IPA, 1993, 5 (2), 117-34). In both tests, the higher the score, the higher the cognitive ability.

  In blood tests, total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), Cre (creatinine), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), Neutral fat (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), cholinesterase (ChE), blood glucose (BS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit value (Hct), Mean red blood cell volume (MCV), mean hemoglobin content (MCH), mean hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), platelet count (Plt), iron (Fe), C-reactive protein (CRP), acetoacetate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and total The ketone body was examined.

(Statistical analysis)
To test the difference between pre-intervention (hereinafter referred to as “baseline”) and post-intervention (hereinafter also referred to as “three months”) values in each group, parametric and non-parametric Two of the assay methods were used. When a significant difference was observed in both tests, it was judged that a significant difference was recognized between the groups. In addition, there was no evaluation item in which a significant difference was recognized by only one test method. Significant difference was a two-sided test with a level of 0.05.

  The parametric test method is a split method (two-way analysis of variance including repeated measurements) that combines inter-subject factors (group changes) and intra-subject factors (temporal changes). The Hock test (Adjusted by Bonferroni) was used to test the significant difference between the baseline value and the value after 3 months.

  In the non-parametric test method, the difference between the baseline value and the value after 3 months is obtained, and the Kruskal-Wallis test that can be compared in 3 groups or more is performed using this difference as a dependent variable. The significant difference between the two groups was tested by a post-hoc test (Adjustment of Bonferroni).

  SPSS20.0 (manufactured by IBM) was used for both the parametric test method and the nonparametric test method.

(result)
Tables 3, 4 and 5 show the results of the parametric and nonparametric test methods for each evaluation item.

  For BMI, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by resolution method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). As shown in FIG. 1, in the leucine + MCT group and the leucine + LCT group, the BMI after 3 months was significantly increased compared to the baseline (P = 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively), but the control In the group, there was no significant difference between baseline and after 3 months.

  There was no significant difference in the upper arm circumference (right AC) of the right arm and the upper arm circumference (left AC) of the left arm in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

  In the triceps subcutaneous fat thickness (right TSF) in the right arm, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.000 and P = 0.002, respectively). In the leucine + MCT group, the right TSF after 3 months decreased by 8.0% compared to the baseline, but there was no significant difference. In the leucine + LCT group, the right TSF after 3 months increased by 12.5% compared to the baseline, but there was no significant difference. In the control group, the baseline right TSF was significantly increased 41.7% compared to 3 months later (P = 0.000).

  In the triceps subcutaneous fat thickness (left TSF) of the left arm, there was no significant difference in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test, but the tendency was the same as that of the right TSF.

  In the right arm, the leucine + MCT group after 3 months did not change the AC reflecting the total muscle mass and fat mass compared to the baseline, but the TSF indicating the fat mass showed a decreasing trend. Therefore, it was estimated that the muscle mass increased by the intake of leucine and MCT. In the leucine + LCT group and the control group, TSF tended to increase, so it was estimated that subcutaneous fat increased. Assuming that the whole body changes as well as the change in the upper arm, the increase in body weight observed in the leucine + LCT group is due to the increase in subcutaneous fat, and the cause of the increase in body weight observed in the leucine + MCT group is due to muscle mass It was estimated to be an increase.

  In the right arm AMA, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003, respectively). In the leucine + MCT group, the AMA of the right arm after 3 months increased by 5.6% compared to the baseline, but there was no significant difference. In the leucine + LCT group and the control group, AMA in the right arm after 3 months was significantly reduced compared to baseline (P = 0.046 and P = 0.001, respectively).

  In the left arm AMA, the same trend as the right arm AMA was observed after 3 months, but there was no significant difference in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test. This was thought to be because the subjects were more right-handed.

  For the grip strength of the right hand, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.008 and P = 0.018, respectively). As shown in FIG. 2, in the leucine + MCT group, the grip strength of the right hand after 3 months was significantly increased by 13.1% compared to the baseline (P = 0.007), but the leucine + LCT group and the control There was no significant change in the group.

  In the grip strength of the left hand, there was no significant difference in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test. However, the grip strength of the left hand in the leucine + MCT group after 3 months was larger than that of the leucine + LCT group, as was the grip strength of the right hand.

  In the right quadriceps strength, no significant difference was found in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The right quadriceps strength in the leucine + MCT group after 3 months showed an increasing tendency, whereas the leucine + LCT group and the control group showed a decreasing tendency.

  In the quadriceps strength, no significant difference was found in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Three months later, the left quadriceps strength in the leucine + MCT group showed an increasing tendency, whereas the leucine + LCT group and the control group showed a decreasing tendency.

  In walking speed, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.033 and P = 0.022, respectively). As shown in FIG. 3, the walking speed after 3 months in the leucine + MCT group was significantly increased by 12.5% compared to the baseline (P = 0.042), but significant in the leucine + LCT group and the control group. No change was observed.

  Significant differences were observed in both the split-method interaction and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the number of lower limb repeated opening and closing movements for 10 seconds (P = 0.000 and P = 0.000, respectively). As shown in FIG. 4, the number of lower limb repeated opening and closing exercises after 3 months in the leucine + MCT group significantly increased by 67.9% compared to the baseline (P = 0.000). On the other hand, in the leucine + LCT group and the control group, there was no significant change in the number of lower limb repeated opening and closing exercises after 3 months.

  With respect to the maximum expiratory volume, significant differences were observed in both the fractional interaction and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.003 and P = 0.003, respectively). As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum expiratory volume after 3 months in the leucine + MCT group was significantly increased by 56.5% compared to the baseline (P = 0.000). On the other hand, in the leucine + LCT group and the control group, no significant change was observed in the maximum expiratory volume after 3 months.

  In MMSE, significant differences were observed in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.177 and P = 0.020, respectively). In the leucine + MCT group, as shown in FIG. 6, a significant increase of 10.6% was observed in the score after 3 months as compared with the baseline (P = 0.017). On the other hand, in the leucine + LCT group and the control group, no significant change was observed in MMSE after 3 months.

  On the NM scale, significant differences were observed in both the resolving interaction and the Kruskal-Wallis test (P = 0.000 and P = 0.000, respectively). As shown in FIG. 7, in the leucine + MCT group, a significant increase of 30.6% was observed in the overall score after 3 months (P = 0.000) compared to the baseline. On the other hand, in the leucine + LCT group and the control group, there was a significant decrease in the total score of 11.2% and 26.1% after 3 months, respectively (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.000, respectively).

  In blood tests, the only item that showed a significant difference in both the interaction by the split method and the Kruskal-Wallis test was the blood glucose level (P = 0.011 and P = 0.199, respectively, Tables 3 and 4). 5). Regarding the blood glucose level, a significant decrease was observed in the control group from 92.4 ± 10.5 mg / dL at baseline to 82.3 ± 7.0 mg / dL after 3 months (P = 0.0). 005), there was no significant difference between the leucine + LCT group and the leucine + MCT group before and after the intervention (P = 0.169 and P = 0.895, respectively).

  As a result of the above tests, intake of essential amino acids such as leucine, medium chain fatty acids, and vitamin D for 3 months at dinner improves muscle strength, motor function, respiratory function, and cognitive ability of the frail elderly. Was found. Ingestion of essential amino acids such as leucine, long-chain fatty acids and vitamin D does not improve muscle strength, physical function, respiratory function and cognitive ability, and the effect of improving muscle strength, motor function, respiratory function and cognitive ability is It was shown that the effect was due to the addition of medium chain fatty acids to leucine and vitamin D.

  According to the said nonpatent literature 6 and the said nonpatent literature 7, even if it increases the intake of only MCT, muscle mass does not increase. Rather, in obese people, a decrease in lean body mass was observed as a result of ingestion of 18 to 24 g of MCT as compared to the olive oil intake group (St-On MP, 1 other person, “Weight-loss diet”. , the number of liters to a great amount of weight, and the number of liters of liters of liters of liters of liters of liters of liters of liters of liters. Ingestion of MCT alone significantly improves muscle strength, motor function, respiratory function and cognitive ability It is hard to think.

  In addition, in the leucine + LCT group, as shown in Table 3, AMA did not increase before and after the intervention, but the amount of subcutaneous fat increased as described above. Therefore, the increase in BMI observed in the leucine + LCT group was It can be seen that this is an increase in body fat. Furthermore, the improvement of muscle mass, muscle strength, motor function, respiratory function and cognitive ability in the leucine + LCT group after 3 months was not observed, and also to muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, respiratory function and cognitive ability Since it is difficult to consider the effects of LCT alone, it is suggested that essential amino acids such as leucine alone have no significant effect on improving muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, respiratory function and cognitive ability. Similarly, it is suggested that vitamins such as vitamin D contained in amino acid preparations have no significant effect on improving muscle mass, muscle strength, physical function, respiratory function and cognitive ability.

  In this example, the total calories of amino acids and MCT per day consumed by elderly people in the leucine + MCT group is only 84 kcal. For this reason, even if it takes leucine and MCT continuously, it does not become obese easily. Furthermore, continuous intake of leucine and MCT is effective in improving sarcopenia because subcutaneous fat mass decreases and muscle mass increases.

  The above-described embodiments are for explaining the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. In other words, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiments but by the claims. Various modifications within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

  The present invention is suitable for a motor function improving agent, a respiratory function improving agent, or a cognitive ability improving agent.

Claims (5)

Containing leucine, medium chain fatty acids, and vitamin D as active ingredients,
Motor function improver, respiratory function improver or cognitive improver. Further comprising at least one of isoleucine and valine as an active ingredient,
The motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent according to claim 1. One or more amino acids selected from the group consisting of tryptophan, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine and histidine are further used as an active ingredient,
The motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent according to claim 1 or 2. Ingested at dinner,
The motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The leucine and the vitamin D are packaged independently of the medium chain fatty acid,
The motor function improving agent, respiratory function improving agent, or cognitive ability improving agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4.