JP2016203093A - Recycling apparatus and recycling method of solar battery panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recycling apparatus and a recycling method of a solar battery panel by which a laminate structure including useful metal for structuring a solar battery panel to be discarded can be recovered while maintaining a large shape without crushing.SOLUTION: A recycling apparatus 100 includes crack generating means 1 and removing means 4. The crack generating means 1 generates a crack on a laminate structure so as to separate the laminate structure including a solar battery arranged on a glass substrate from the glass substrate, and includes a metal needle 1b. After at least a part of the laminate structure is separated from the glass substrate, the removing means 4 removes another part of the laminate structure remaining on the glass substrate from the glass substrate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell panel recycling apparatus and recycling method, and more particularly to a solar cell panel recycling apparatus and recycling method in which a laminated structure is disposed on a glass substrate.

  The solar cell panel is generally configured to have a laminated structure on a glass substrate. The laminated structure has a plurality of solar cells called Si cells sealed with a hot melt resin and a protective sheet placed thereon. Therefore, the solar cell panel has a configuration in which the solar cell is sandwiched between the protective sheet and the glass substrate. The solar cell panel is framed by an aluminum frame and a current collection box is attached. An electrode is provided on the surface of the solar cell, and a collecting electrode is provided between a pair of adjacent solar cells among the plurality of solar cells, and these include silver and copper which are useful metals.

  In the recycling of solar cell panels, it is important to collect and recycle laminated structures containing useful metals as well as glass substrates. For example, Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2014-54593 (Patent Document 1) discloses a solar cell panel recycling apparatus and recycling method for separating and collecting useful metals contained on a glass substrate.

JP 2014-54593 A

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-54593 discloses a plate-like fixing plate for fixing a solar cell panel to be discarded, and a metal roller for removing and pulverizing a laminated structure on a glass substrate constituting the solar cell panel from the glass substrate. It has a brush and a collection hood for sucking the pulverized and laminated structure. The pulverized laminated structure is sucked and collected by a collection hood, and then separated into a heavy specific gravity component and a light specific gravity component by a cyclone, and a heavy specific gravity component including a metal component is separated and collected as an object to be recycled.

  In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2014-54593, the laminated structure is all finely cut with a metal roller brush, and thus the pulverized laminated structure needs to be subjected to complicated processes such as separation for each specific gravity of the pulverized product. Occurs. For this reason, the efficiency of the recovery process is reduced, and it is desired to recover the laminated structure in a large state that is not pulverized as much as possible.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and the object thereof is to recover a laminated structure containing useful metals constituting a solar cell panel to be discarded in a large shape without being crushed. A solar panel recycling apparatus and method.

  The recycling apparatus of the present invention includes crack generation means and excision means. The crack generating means is for generating a crack in the laminated structure in order to peel the laminated structure including the solar cell disposed on the glass substrate from the glass substrate, and includes a metal needle. The excision means excises another part of the laminated structure remaining on the glass substrate after at least a part of the laminated structure is peeled from the glass substrate.

  In the recycling method of the present invention, a crack is generated in a laminated structure by first piercing a metal needle into the laminated structure including a solar cell arranged on a glass substrate. At least a part of the laminated structure is peeled from the glass substrate along the crack formed in the laminated structure by the process of generating the crack. Another part of the laminated structure remaining on the glass substrate after the peeling step is cut off from the glass substrate.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the laminated structure containing the solar cell on the glass substrate of the solar cell panel which should be discarded can be separated from a glass substrate with a big shape without being crushed, and can be used for recycling. For this reason, the recovery efficiency can be further increased.

1 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a recycling apparatus in Embodiment 1. FIG. A schematic cross-sectional view (A) showing a crack generation step which is the first step of the recycling method of Embodiment 1, and a schematic cross-sectional view (B) showing a peeling step which is the second step of the recycling method of Embodiment 1. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view (C) showing a cutting step, which is the third step of the recycling method of the first embodiment, and a schematic cross-sectional view (D) showing a fourth step of the recycling method of the first embodiment. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a recycling apparatus in a first example of Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a recycling method of the first example of Embodiment 2. FIG. Schematic sectional view (A) showing a crack generation step which is a first step of another example different from FIG. 4 of the first example of the recycling method of the second embodiment, and recycling of the first example of the second embodiment 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view (B) showing a peeling step, which is a second step of another example different from FIG. 4, and another example different from FIG. 4 of the recycling method of the first example of the second embodiment. Schematic cross-sectional view (C) showing the third step of the excision step, and schematic cross-sectional view (D) of another example of the recycling method of the first example of the second embodiment different from FIG. ). FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a recycling apparatus in a second example of the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view schematically showing a configuration of a recycling apparatus in a third embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
First, the configuration of the solar cell panel recycling apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 1, solar cell panel recycling apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is basically a manual operation using an instrument, and other members for recycling including useful metals and the like are used among other solar cell panels. It is a device that separates glass materials and collects them separately. The recycling apparatus 100 includes a descending crack generating means 1, a cutting blade 4, and a flat plate base 7.

  The descending crack generating means 1 (crack generating means) separates a laminated structure of a solar cell panel constituted by a glass substrate and a laminated structure including a solar cell disposed thereon from the glass substrate by, for example, peeling. Therefore, it is a member for generating a large number of cracks in the laminated structure including the solar cell as a pre-stage of the separation.

  The descending crack generating means 1 has a crack generating means base 1a and a metal needle 1b. The crack generating means base 1a is a flat plate member made of, for example, a generally known metal material, which forms the base of the entire crack generating means. The metal needle 1b extends downward from the main surface of the crack generating means base 1a, for example, on the lower side (side facing the flat plate 7), and has a pointed shape on the lower side. A plurality of metal needles 1b are arranged at intervals from each other on, for example, the lower main surface of the crack generating means base 1a. The metal needle 1b is preferably any one selected from the group consisting of a piano wire, a hard steel wire, and a stainless steel wire, and its tip is sharply processed.

The density of the metal needles 1b on the surface of the crack generating means base 1a is preferably 2 or more and 6 or less per 1 cm ² . However dense density of the metal needle 1b is more preferably at most 1 cm ² 3 or more five per, it is more preferably 4 per 1 cm ² (1 lines per 5mm square).

  The cutting blade 4 (cutting means) has a cutting blade tip 4a and a cutting blade end surface 4b. The cutting blade tip portion 4a is a laminated structure that remains on the glass substrate constituting the solar cell panel after the laminated structure (at least a part thereof) is peeled from the glass substrate of the solar cell panel by the descending crack generating means 1. This is a part for cutting the boundary between the glass substrate and the laminated structure in order to completely cut off the wreckage (other part) from the glass substrate. The cutting blade end surface 4b exists as an end surface of the entire cutting blade 4 and has, for example, an isosceles triangle shape as shown in FIG. 1, but the shape of the cutting blade end surface 4b is not limited thereto.

  The flat plate base 7 is a member for forming a base of the entire recycling apparatus 100, on which a solar cell panel to be disposed is placed and desired processing is performed. Therefore, the flat table 7 is disposed below the lowering crack generating means 1 and the cutting blade 4 in the recycling apparatus 100. The descending crack generating means 1 and the cutting blade 4 are arranged above the flat plate base 7 so as to overlap the flat plate base 7 in a plan view, for example. The flat table 7 has, for example, a flat plate shape having an upper main surface 7a and a lower main surface 7b opposite to the upper main surface 7a.

  Next, a method for recycling a solar cell panel using the recycling apparatus 100 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 2A, first, a solar cell panel 10 that is an object to be recycled is placed on the upper main surface 7a of the flat table 7 constituting the recycling apparatus 100 shown in FIG.

  The solar cell panel 10 includes a glass substrate 11 and a laminated structure 12. The glass substrate 11 is made of glass and has a flat plate shape having a glass upper main surface 11a and a glass lower main surface 11b opposed thereto. The laminated structure 12 is placed on the glass upper main surface 11a, and has a configuration in which a solar cell panel body 14 and a protective sheet 17 are laminated in this order.

  The solar cell panel body 14 includes a solar cell 14a, an electrode 14b, and a hot melt resin 14c. The solar cell 14a is formed of a silicon substrate, for example, and has a flat plate shape as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2A, a plurality of solar cells 14 a may be arranged in one solar cell panel body 14. An electrode 14b is formed in a pattern on the solar cell 14a. The electrode 14b contains useful metals such as silver and copper. The hot-melt resin 14c is formed so as to surround the outside of the solar cell 14a on which the electrode 14b is formed. The hot melt resin 14 c has, for example, a flat plate shape like the glass substrate 11.

  The protective sheet 17 is formed of a generally known resin material, and has a flat plate shape, for example, similarly to the glass substrate 11 and the solar cell panel body 14. Thereby, it is preferable that the glass substrate 11, the solar cell panel main body 14, and the protection sheet 17 are laminated | stacked so that it may mutually overlap in planar view. As described above, the solar cell panel 10 is formed.

  Actually, the solar cell panel 10 includes, for example, an aluminum frame and a current collection box that frame the outside of the solar cell panel body 14 in addition to the glass substrate 11 and the laminated structure 12 described above. Yes. However, since these members are removed before the solar cell panel 10 is placed on the flat table 7 as shown in FIG. 2 (A), these members are shown in FIG. 2 (A) and the subsequent drawings. It is omitted.

  2A, when the solar cell panel 10 is placed on the upper main surface 7a of the flat plate base 7, the laminated structure 12 is cracked using the descending crack generating means 1 next. Processing to be generated is performed. That is, here, as a pre-stage of the process of separating the laminated structure 12 from the glass substrate 11 by peeling, for example, a process for generating a crack for peeling is performed.

  Specifically, the descent-type crack generating means 1 is lowered toward the solar cell panel body 14 from directly above the solar cell panel body 14 and the protective sheet 17. A plurality of metal needles 1b arranged below the crack generating means base 1a in the descending crack generating means 1 pierce the laminated structure 12 including the solar cell 14a. Here, with respect to the vertical direction of FIG. 2 (A), the metal needle 1b reaches the position where the tip, which is the lowermost part of the metal needle 1b, substantially reaches the lowermost part of the laminated structure 12, that is, the glass upper main surface 11a of the glass substrate 11. Is preferably lowered.

  As shown by the arrow A, the lowered metal needle 1b is again extracted upward and then the downward movement is repeated. Thereby, for example, a crack is formed so that the laminated structure 12 can be separated from the glass substrate 11 in a region near the lowermost portion of the solar cell panel body 14 adjacent to (slightly above) the glass upper main surface 11a. The In this way, while moving the metal needle 1b in the vertical direction, the metal needle 1b is moved in a substantially horizontal direction along the glass upper main surface 11a as shown by an arrow B in the figure. Thus, the crack is formed so that the laminated structure 12 is separated from the glass substrate 11 over almost the entire surface of the glass substrate 11 in plan view.

  In addition, if this is moved horizontally along the glass upper main surface 11a in a state where the metal needle 1b (the tip thereof) is pierced into the laminated structure 12, the crack continues along the glass upper main surface 11a. It is formed to extend. However, if the metal needle 1b (the tip thereof) is released above the laminated structure 12, if it is moved in the horizontal direction along the glass upper main surface 11a, the crack continues along the glass upper main surface 11a. And formed intermittently without extending. If the former is used, the subsequent peeling process of the laminated structure 12 can be performed more smoothly, and if the latter is used, damage to the metal needle 1b can be further suppressed.

  Further, in the above, the descending crack generating means 1 is moved in the direction of the arrow B while the flat table 7 is fixed, thereby moving the descending crack generating means 1 relative to the solar cell panel 10. ing. However, conversely, for example, the solar cell panel 10 is moved in the direction opposite to the arrow B while the horizontal position of the descending crack generating means 1 is fixed (moved only in the vertical direction), thereby the descending crack generating means. 1 may be moved relative to the solar cell panel 10.

  Referring to FIG. 2B, when a crack is formed in the solar cell panel body 14 on almost the entire surface of the glass substrate 11 in a plan view, the solar cell panel body 14 has a crack as a boundary portion in an upper region thereof. It is in a state where it can be separated into a certain crack upper region 14y and a crack lower region 14x which is a lower region. The protective sheet 17 remains bonded to the crack upper region 14y. That is, the laminated structure 12 is divided into two substantially at the position of the solar cell 14a in the vertical direction of the figure, and the crack upper region 14y becomes a hollow state having a gap between the crack lower region 14x.

  The crack lower region 14x and the crack upper region 14y both include a large number of small pieces of the solar cell 14a (including the electrode 14b) finely crushed by the crack, and the hot melt resin 14c is provided at least around the periphery thereof. It has become.

  In this state, as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. 2B, a force is applied to the crack upper region 14y to pull upward obliquely upward with respect to the glass substrate 11 including the crack lower region 14x. The force of arrow C may be applied by hand, for example. In this way, a laminated structure including, for example, most of the region (crack upper region 14y) of the solar cell panel body 14 along the crack formed in the laminated structure 12 by the crack generation step of FIG. 12 is peeled off so as to be peeled off from the glass substrate 11 (and the crack lower region 14x which is a part of the laminated structure 12).

  Note that peeling means a process of tearing one of the laminated structures 12 divided into two by a crack from the other using the crack generated by the process of FIG. Further, for example, when the metal needle 1b does not move in the horizontal direction in the laminated structure 12 in the step of FIG. 2 (A), the cracks do not continue in the horizontal direction. Are separated so as to be separated into the two regions 14x and 14y as described above by a line virtually extending along the horizontal direction (along the crack formed in the laminated structure 12).

  Referring to FIG. 2 (C), the laminated structure even after the crack upper region 14y (including the protective sheet 17) of the laminated structure 12 is peeled from the glass substrate 11 according to FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B). At least a part of 12 remains on the glass substrate 11 as a crack lower region 14 x as a remnant of the laminated structure 12. This (other part of the laminated structure 12) is cut out from the glass substrate 11 and removed.

  Specifically, a particularly sharp cutting blade tip of the cutting blade 4 extends from the end of the glass substrate 11 to the boundary portion between the glass substrate 11 and the laminated structure 12 (crack lower region 14x), that is, the glass upper main surface 11a. Part 4a is inserted. In this state, as indicated by an arrow D in FIG. 2C, a leftward force is applied to the cutting blade 4, and the crack lower region 14 x is scraped off from the glass substrate 11.

  With reference to FIG. 2D, the cutting blade 4 cuts the crack lower region 14x so as to be scraped off from the glass substrate 11 over almost the entire surface of the glass substrate 11 in plan view. Thereby, the crack lower region 14x is cut out from the glass upper main surface 11a of the glass substrate 11, and the glass upper main surface 11a is exposed.

  In this way, the laminated structure 12 is divided into two regions, that is, the crack upper region 14y (including the protective sheet 17) and the crack lower region 14x, and the glass substrate 11 has a structure on the glass upper main surface 11a. It becomes an independent aspect which is not formed.

  The glass substrate 11 divided | segmented mutually and the laminated structure 12 containing useful metals (electrode 14b), such as silver, are collect | recovered separately. The recycling process of the glass material which comprises the glass substrate 11 after that, and the recycling process of the useful metal contained in the laminated structure 12 (electrode 14b) should just use a well-known method.

  Specifically, when recovering a useful metal from the laminated structure 12 including the silicon piece of the solar cell 14a, the metal material of the electrode 14b (such as silver or copper), and the resin material of the hot melt resin 14c, for example, It is preferable that the refining process as described above is performed. First, the laminated structure is burned, the resin material is removed, and silicon pieces and a metal material (such as silver or copper) are recovered. Thereafter, a desired acidic solvent is added to the silicon piece and the metal material, the metal material is dissolved in the acid solvent, and the silicon piece not dissolved in the acid solvent is removed. Thereby, a metal material (silver or copper) is taken out.

Next, the effect of this Embodiment is demonstrated.
In the present embodiment, the laminated structure 12 including the solar cell 14a (useful metal as the electrode 14b) on the glass substrate 11 of the solar cell panel 10 to be discarded is laminated without being crushed. The structure 12 is divided into a crack lower region 14x and a crack upper region 14y (including the protective sheet 17). Both of these are separated from the glass substrate 11.

  Thereby, the laminated structure 12 containing a useful metal can be sorted with respect to the glass substrate 11 while maintaining the size of a member that can be usually handled by hand. Since the laminated structure 12 is not crushed, the laminated structure 12 can be easily recovered. Further, it is not necessary to perform a complicated process such as a specific gravity analysis at the time of sorting the laminated structure 12, and the recycling process can be performed more easily by picking up and handling the sorted members.

  In the present embodiment, the reason why the laminated structure 12 is separated without being crushed by driving the metal needle 1b of the descending crack generating means 1 is that the laminated structure 12 (solar cell panel body 14) is the solar cell 14a. It is because it has the structure by which the circumference | surroundings of was sealed with the hot-melt resin 14c. Since the hot-melt resin 14c has a role of relieving pulverization by the metal needle 1b, the laminated structure 12 can be peeled and removed moderately from the glass substrate 11 without being crushed.

(Embodiment 2)
First, the configuration of the solar cell panel recycling apparatus of the first example of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 3, the solar cell panel recycling apparatus 200 of the first example of the present embodiment is different in configuration from the recycling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment in the following points, but in other points Has the same configuration as the recycling apparatus 100. For this reason, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same element and the description is not repeated.

  The recycling apparatus 200 is an apparatus that performs a work of separating and separately collecting recycling members including useful metals among solar cell panels from other glass materials and the like by a mechanical operation basically without manual work. It is. The recycling apparatus 200 includes a rotary crack generating means 2, a cutting blade 4, a peeling blade 6, and a transport table 8.

  Rotational crack generating means 2 (crack generating means) is composed of a glass substrate and a laminated structure including a solar cell disposed thereon, as with descending crack generating means 1 of the first embodiment. In order to separate the laminated structure of the solar cell panel from the glass substrate, for example, by peeling, it is a member for generating a large number of cracks in the laminated structure including the solar cell as a pre-stage of the separation.

  The rotary crack generating means 2 has a metal roller 2a (rotary body) and a metal needle 2b. The metal roller 2a is a columnar member that forms the basis of the entire rotary crack generating means, for example, a generally known metal material. The metal needle 2b is the same as the metal needle 1b, extends from a long side surface of the metal roller 2a extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the side surface (a direction away from the metal roller 2a), and the metal roller 2a. It has a pointed shape at the end in the direction away from. A plurality of metal needles 2b are arranged on the side surface of the metal roller 2a at intervals. The metal needle 2b is preferably any one selected from the group consisting of a piano wire, a hard steel wire, and a stainless steel wire, and its tip is sharply processed.

The density of the metal needles 2b on the surface of the metal roller 2a (the surface extending in a long shape) is preferably 2 or more and 6 or less per 1 cm ² . However dense density of the metal needle 2b is more preferably at most 1 cm ² 3 or more five per, it is more preferably 4 per 1 cm ² (1 lines per 5mm square).

A density of about 2 or more and 6 or less per 1 cm ² is a density that is lower than a density that is sufficient for the metal needles 2 b to pulverize the laminated structure 12. Therefore, in this way, the effect of causing the rotary crack generating means 2 to separate the laminated structure 12 without crushing can be enhanced in the same manner as the descending crack generating means 1.

  The peeling blade 6 (peeling means) has a peeling blade tip 6a and a peeling blade end surface 6b. The peeling blade tip portion 6a is a portion for peeling the laminated structure (at least a part thereof) from the glass substrate along the crack formed in the laminated structure of the solar cell panel by the rotary crack generating means 2. Therefore, the peeling blade tip 6a does not have to be as sharp as the cutting blade tip 4a, and may be rounder than the cutting blade tip 4a.

  The cutting blade 4 (cutting means) is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the laminated structure (at least a part thereof) is peeled off from the glass substrate constituting the solar cell panel by the peeling blade 6 by the rotary crack generating means 2. After that, in order to completely cut away the debris (other part) of the laminated structure remaining on the glass substrate constituting the solar cell panel, the boundary portion between the glass substrate and the laminated structure is cut.

  The transport table 8 is a member that forms the basis of the entire recycling apparatus 200, and is a member for setting a solar cell panel to be discarded and performing a desired process. Accordingly, the transport table 8 is disposed at a position below the rotary crack generating means 2, the cutting blade 4, and the peeling blade 6 in the recycling apparatus 200 and overlapping with them in a plan view. The transport table 8 has, for example, a flat plate shape having an upper main surface 8a, a lower main surface 8b opposite to the upper main surface 8a, and a concave groove 8c.

  Concave groove 8c is formed in a part of upper main surface 8a (for example, a central region in plan view excluding a region adjacent to the edge of upper main surface 8a), and has a rectangular shape in plan view, for example. ing. The concave groove 8c has a depth that is a part of the thickness of the entire transport table 8 in the thickness direction. A portion of the solar cell panel, particularly the glass substrate 11, can be accommodated in the concave groove 8c, whereby the solar cell panel can be set in the concave groove 8c. Therefore, the concave groove 8c has dimensions substantially the same as (slightly larger than) the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the glass substrate 11 in plan view, and has the same depth as the thickness of the glass substrate 11. doing.

  In the recycling apparatus 200, the transport table 8 is relatively moved from the right side to the left side in FIG. 3, that is, in the direction from the rotary crack generating means 2 to the peeling blade 6 and the cutting blade 4. It can move along 8b. As a result, the solar cell panel set in the transport table 8 (concave groove 8c) is processed in the order of processing by the rotary crack generating means 2, processing by the peeling blade 6, and processing by the cutting blade 4. This will be described later. The transport table 8 is moved along the upper main surface 8a and the lower main surface 8b as described above by transport means such as a generally known transport roller (not shown).

  The rotary crack generating means 2 is adjusted so that the height of the tip of the metal needle 2b facing downward is substantially equal to the height of the upper main surface 8a of the transport table 8. The heights of the peeling blade tip 6a and the cutting blade tip 4a are also adjusted so that their tips are substantially equal to the height of the upper main surface 8a of the transport table 8. When the solar cell panel is set in the concave groove 8c having substantially the same depth as the thickness of the glass substrate, the height of the interface between the glass substrate of the solar cell panel and the laminated structure is the upper main surface of the carriage 8. It becomes almost equal to the height of 8a. For this reason, the height of the interface between the glass substrate of the solar cell panel and the laminated structure is substantially equal to the height of the tip of the metal needle 2b facing downward, and the height of the peeling blade tip 6a and the cutting blade tip 4a. It has become.

  Next, a method for recycling a solar cell panel using the recycling apparatus 200 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Here, as an example, an example in which processing is sequentially performed from the left side to the right side in FIG. 4 will be described. However, the example is not limited to this example.

  Referring to FIG. 4, first, solar cell panel 10 that is an object to be recycled is set in concave groove 8 c of conveyance platform 8 that constitutes recycling apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 3. Since the configuration of solar cell panel 10 here is the same as that of solar cell panel 10 of Embodiment 1, the description thereof will not be repeated. It is preferable that the solar cell panel 10 is set so that the glass upper main surface 11a of the glass substrate 11 constituting the solar cell panel 10 and the upper main surface 8a of the carrier 8 are substantially equal in height.

  Still referring to FIG. 4, when the solar cell panel 10 is set in the concave groove 8 c, a process for generating a crack in the laminated structure 12 is then performed using the rotary crack generating means 2.

  Specifically, first, the carrier 8 is set so that the leftmost region of the solar cell panel 10 shown in FIG. 4, for example, is arranged at a position directly below the rotary crack generating means 2. Further, the rotary crack generating means 2 is adjusted so that the height of the tip of the metal needle 2b facing downward is substantially equal to the height of the upper main surface 8a of the transport table 8.

  In this state, the cylindrical rotating crack generating means 2 is rotated as indicated by the arrow F around the center line extending in the extending direction while moving the carriage 8 toward the left side of the drawing as indicated by the arrow E. Let As a result, the solar cell panel 10 placed on the carrier 8 moves toward the left in the figure, and the laminated structure 12 (including the solar cell 14a) on the glass substrate 11 is rotated by the rotating metal needle 2b. The leftmost area of is pierced. Since the height of the tip of the metal needle 2b facing directly below is substantially equal to the height of the upper main surface 8a of the transport table 8, the metal needle 2b is located on the upper main surface 8a from above the laminated structure 12. Only the object 12 (including the solar cell 14a) is pierced. Thereby, a crack is formed in the solar cell panel body 14.

  While the metal needle 2b has pierced the laminated structure 12, the pierced portion expands in the horizontal direction (from left to right) along the glass upper main surface 11a by the movement of the transport base 8, for example. . This and the rotation of the rotary crack generating means 2 cause this crack to finally occur in the region near the lowermost part of the solar cell panel body 14 in almost the entire surface of the glass substrate 11 in plan view. It is formed so as to continuously extend along the surface 11a. Therefore, a crack is formed so that the laminated structure 12 can be separated from the glass substrate 11.

  Similar to the first embodiment, the solar cell panel body 14 is divided into a crack lower region 14x and a crack upper region 14y with a crack extending along the horizontal direction (glass upper main surface 11a) as a boundary. Due to this crack, the solar cell 14a is divided into a large number of small pieces, which are arranged in either the crack lower region 14x or the crack upper region 14y.

  In addition, the rotational speed regarding the direction of the arrow F of the metal roller 2a is, for example, 100 rpm or less, and more preferably 50 rpm or more. Moreover, it is preferable that the conveyance speed regarding the direction of arrow E of the conveyance stand 8 is the same as the rotational speed regarding the direction of arrow F of the metal roller 2a, for example. That is, for example, when the metal roller 2a rotates at 100 rpm, it is preferable that the speed of the metal roller 2a is moved by 100 times the circumference of the circular portion of the metal roller 2a per minute.

  The metal roller 2a may be configured to rotate by a motor (not shown), but the motor is not essential. The metal roller 2a follows the conveyance of the solar cell panel 10 by its own weight and the metal needle 2b being caught (to the inside of the solar cell panel main body 14 or the like) (the circumference is in the same direction as that of the conveyance table 8, that is, the lower side). In (to move to the left side of the figure). For this reason, the rotational speed (with respect to the circumferential direction) of the metal roller 2a and the transport speed (with respect to the direction along the main surface) of the solar cell panel 10 may be the same.

  The rotation speed of about 100 rpm or less is lower than the rotation speed sufficient for the metal needle 2b to pulverize the laminated structure 12 (for example, when the rotation speed is about 1000 rpm, the rotation of the metal needle 2b causes the laminated structure to rotate. Product 12 is crushed). For this reason, the metal needle 2b can generate a crack to the extent that it separates into the crack upper region 14y and the crack lower region 14x without crushing the laminated structure 12.

  While the cracks are sequentially formed from the left side to the right side of the solar cell panel body 14, the carrier 8 is moved to the left as indicated by an arrow E. Thereby, the position of the peeling blade 6 is reached in order from the leftmost region shown in FIG. The tip 6a of the peeling blade is not sharp but rounded, and is disposed at a position that is substantially the same height as the upper main surface 8a (the boundary between the glass substrate 11 and the laminated structure 12) of the transport table 8. . For this reason, the peeling blade tip 6a enters the gap between the crack upper region 14y and the crack lower region 14x without scraping the laminated structure 12. As a result, the peeling blade tip portion 6a extends along the crack formed in the laminated structure 12 by the crack generation process, so that the crack upper region 14y (at least a part of the laminated structure 12), that is, most of the solar cell panel body 14 is. The region is peeled off so as to be peeled off from the crack lower region 14x (including the glass substrate 11). This peeling is advanced from the left to the right in the figure by the movement of the transport base 8 in the direction indicated by the arrow E.

  While the crack upper region 14y is peeled from the left side to the right side by the peeling blade 6, the transport table 8 is further moved to the left as indicated by an arrow E. Thereby, it reaches | attains the position of the cutting blade 4 in an order from the leftmost area | region shown in FIG. The cutting blade tip 4a has a sharp shape, and is disposed at a position that is substantially the same height as the upper main surface 8a of the carrier 8 (the boundary between the glass substrate 11 and the laminated structure 12). Therefore, the cutting blade tip 4a causes at least a part of the laminated structure 12 remaining on the glass substrate 11, that is, the crack lower region 14x (another part of the laminated structure 12) to be excised from the glass substrate 11. Let it be removed. The excision of the crack lower region 14x is advanced from the left to the right in the drawing by the movement of the transport base 8 in the direction indicated by the arrow E.

  As described above, as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2D), the laminated structure 12 is divided into two regions, the crack upper region 14y (including the protective sheet 17) and the crack lower region 14x. The glass substrate 11 is in an independent mode in which nothing is formed on the glass upper main surface 11a. The subsequent recycling process for each divided member is the same as in the first embodiment.

  In the above processing, the carriage 8 is moved in the direction of arrow E while the positions of the rotary crack generating means 2, the peeling blade 6 and the cutting blade 4 in the direction along the upper main surface 8a of the carriage 8 are fixed. Thus, the solar cell panel 10 is moved relative to the rotary crack generating means 2 and the like. However, conversely, for example, the rotary crack generating means 2, the peeling blade 6, and the cutting blade 4 are moved in the direction opposite to the arrow E while the transfer table 8 is fixed, thereby the solar cell panel 10 is rotated by the rotary crack generating means 2 and the like. You may move relatively with respect to.

  Further, when the solar cell panel 10 is set in the concave groove 8c, suction fixation by a vacuum chuck or the like may be used in combination.

  Each process demonstrated above has shown the example by which the crack generation process by the rotary crack generation means 2, the peeling process by the peeling blade 6, and the cutting process by the cutting blade 4 are advanced simultaneously. That is, the process proceeds from the region where the crack generation process is completed to the gradual peeling process, and from the region where the peeling process is completed to the gradual cutting process. Therefore, at the same time that a part of the region has already proceeded to the cutting process, a crack generation step may still be performed in another part of the region.

  However, referring to FIGS. 5A to 5D, each of these processes may be performed independently. That is, after the crack generation process shown in FIG. 5 (A) is completed, the process proceeds to the peeling process shown in FIG. 5 (B). After the peeling process is completed, the cutting process shown in FIG. 5 (C) is performed. Proceed to 5A corresponds to the crack generation step shown in FIG. 2A of the first embodiment, and FIG. 5B corresponds to the peeling step shown in FIG. 2B of the first embodiment. FIG. 5C corresponds to the excision step shown in FIG. 2C of Embodiment 1.

  That is, each process of FIGS. 5A to 5D is basically each of FIGS. 2A to 2D except that the rotary crack generating means 2 is used instead of the descending crack generating means 1. Since it is the same as a process, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same element and the description is not repeated.

Next, the effect of this Embodiment (1st example) is demonstrated.
Even when the recycling apparatus 200 of the first example of the present embodiment is used, the laminated structure 12 containing useful metals is attached to the glass substrate 11 in the same manner as when the recycling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment is used. Thus, it is possible to sort while maintaining the size of a member that can be normally handled by hand, and the recycling process can be performed more easily.

  Moreover, in the recycling apparatus 200, the peeling blade 6 is used in the peeling process after the crack generation process of the laminated structure 12 by the rotary crack generating means 2, and is peeled by mechanical operation. For this reason, compared with the case where it peels manually, work efficiency can be raised more.

  Furthermore, in the recycling apparatus 200, it is possible to move from the region where the crack generation process is finished to the gradual peeling process, and from the region where the peeling process is finished to the gradual cutting process. For this reason, each process can be progressed simultaneously in parallel. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, the working efficiency can be further improved as compared with the case of using a method of completing one process and moving to the next process. it can.

  Next, the structure of the solar cell panel recycling apparatus of the second example of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 6, the solar cell panel recycling apparatus 210 of the second example of the present embodiment is different in configuration from the first example of the recycling apparatus 200 of the present embodiment in the following points. In other respects, the recycling apparatus 200 has the same configuration. For this reason, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same element and the description is not repeated.

  The recycling apparatus 210 has a plurality of (here, two) cutting blades 41 and 42 as the cutting blades 4. Here, the cutting blade 41 is arranged on the side close to the peeling blade 6 (right side in FIG. 6), and the cutting blade 42 is arranged on the side far from the peeling blade 6 (left side in FIG. 6) with a space therebetween. These cutting blades 41 and 42 are set so that their tip portions are substantially the same height as the upper main surface 8a of the carriage 8 in the same manner as in the other examples.

  The cutting blade 41 in FIG. 6 has a cutting blade tip portion 41a, a cutting blade end surface 41b, and a plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 41c. Similarly, the cutting blade 42 has a cutting blade front end portion 42a, a cutting blade end surface 42b, and a plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 42c.

  That is, the cutting blade tip portion 41a is divided by a plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 41c so that a plurality of the cutting blade tip portions 41a are present at intervals with respect to the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade 41. Similarly, the cutting blade tip portion 42a is divided by a plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 42c so that a plurality of the cutting blade tip portions 42a are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the cutting blade 42. For this reason, the cutting blades 41 and 42 have a generally comb shape in plan view.

  The cutting blades 41 and 42 are preferably arranged so that the position coordinates in the depth direction in FIG. 6 are equal to each other. In addition, with respect to the depth direction of FIG. 6, it is preferable that the positions where the plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 41 c are formed and the positions where the plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 42 c are formed are alternately arranged. That is, in the depth direction of FIG. 6, the plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 41c are not arranged (in the position coordinate between the pair of adjacent strip-shaped cutting portions 41c adjacent to each other) and the strip-shaped cutting portion 42c is arranged. In addition, in the depth direction of FIG. 6, the plurality of strip-shaped cutting portions 42 c are not disposed (in the same position coordinates as the position of the gap between the pair of adjacent strip-shaped cutting portions 42 c), the strip-shaped cutting portions. 41c is arranged.

  Next, the effect of this Embodiment (2nd example) is demonstrated. In addition to the operational effects of the first example, the second example can exhibit the following operational effects.

  When the above recycling process is performed using the recycling apparatus 210, the debris of the laminated structure 12 is excised from the glass substrate 11 using the cutting blades 41 and 42 as in the other examples described above (FIG. 2). (C), see FIG. 5C). As described above, the strip-shaped cutting portions 41c and the strip-shaped cutting portions 42c are alternately arranged in the depth direction of FIG. The debris (crack lower region 14x) can be removed. Further, by having a comb shape like the cutting blades 41 and 42, for example, compared to the cutting blade tip portion 4a that extends not in the comb shape but in the entire depth direction as in the cutting blade 4 of the first embodiment, it can The load applied to the cutting blade tip portions 41a and 42a can be reduced, and damage to the cutting blade tip portions 41a and 42a can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 3)
First, the configuration of the solar cell panel recycling apparatus of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 7, solar cell panel recycling apparatus 300 of the present embodiment is different in configuration from recycling apparatus 200 of the first example of the second embodiment in the following points, but in other respects Has the same configuration as the recycling apparatus 200. For this reason, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same element and the description is not repeated.

  The cutting blade 4 of the recycling apparatus 300 includes a cutting blade tip portion 4a, a cutting blade end surface 4b, and a heater 4d. That is, it differs from the cutting blade 4 of the other example described above in that it has a heater 4d.

  Next, the effect of this Embodiment is demonstrated. In addition to the operational effects of the second embodiment, the present embodiment can provide the following operational effects.

  As described above, the cutting blade 4 is a member that excises the remnant (the crack lower region 14 x) of the laminated structure 12 from the main surface 11 a of the glass substrate 11. That is, the cutting blade 4 scrapes off the hot melt resin 14 c contained in the remnant of the laminated structure 12.

  Here, when the hot-melt resin 14c is scraped off, the heater 4d provided on the cutting blade 4 heats the cutting blade 4 to a temperature below the melting point of the hot-melt resin 14c and near the softening point. . For example, when the hot melt resin 14c is an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin (EVA), the hot melt resin 14c is softened by being heated to a softening point of 70 ° C. or higher and 90 ° C. or lower. Thereby, the hot melt resin 14c is easily peeled off from the glass upper main surface 11a. Therefore, the hot melt resin 14c can be efficiently cut from the glass substrate 11 compared to the case where the heater 4d is not provided, and the recycling process can be performed more easily.

  The heater 4d of the present embodiment may be incorporated in the cutting blade 4 of the recycling apparatus 100 of the first embodiment or the recycling apparatus 210 of the second embodiment.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drop type crack generation means, 1a Crack generation means base, 1b, 2b Metal needle, 2 Rotation type crack generation means, 2a Metal roller, 4, 41, 42 Cutting blade, 4a Cutting blade tip part, 4b Cutting blade end surface, 4d heater, 6 peeling blade, 6a peeling blade tip, 6b peeling blade end surface, 7 plate base, 7a, 8a upper main surface, 7b, 8b lower main surface, 8 carrier, 8c concave groove, 10 solar cell panel, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Glass substrate, 11a Glass upper main surface, 11b Glass lower main surface, 12 Laminated structure, 14 Solar cell panel main body, 14a Solar cell, 14b Electrode, 14c Hot melt resin, 14x Crack lower area | region, 14y Crack upper area | region , 17 Protective sheet, 41b, 42b Cutting blade end face, 41c, 42c Strip-shaped cutting part, 100, 200, 210, 300 Recycling device.

Claims (6)

A crack generating means including a metal needle for generating a crack in the stacked structure for peeling the stacked structure including the solar cell disposed on the glass substrate from the glass substrate;
An excision means for excising another part of the laminated structure remaining on the glass substrate after at least a part of the laminated structure is peeled from the glass substrate. Recycling equipment.   The solar cell panel recycling apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a peeling unit that peels at least a part of the laminated structure from the glass substrate along a crack formed by the crack generating unit.   The solar cell panel recycling apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutting means is a cutting blade provided with a heating mechanism. The crack generating means is a rotating body that is rotatable on the surface of the laminated structure so that the metal needle pierces the laminated structure,
The recycling apparatus of the solar cell panel of any one of Claims 1-3 whose rotation speed of the said rotary body is 100 rpm or less. The solar cell panel recycling apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the density of the metal needles on the surface of the rotating body is 2 or more and 6 or less per 1 cm ² . A step of generating a crack in the laminated structure by piercing a metal needle with respect to the laminated structure including a solar cell disposed on the glass substrate;
Peeling the at least part of the laminated structure from the glass substrate along the crack formed in the laminated structure by the step of generating the crack;
And a step of cutting off the other part of the laminated structure remaining on the glass substrate after the peeling step from the glass substrate.

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