JP2016200296A - Heat pump system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat pump system which can operate in a frost-free manner and can be downsized.SOLUTION: An inside part of a casing 1 is divided into two segments by a partition plate 15, a second heat exchanger 4 is arranged in one chamber IA, a third heat exchanger 6 is arranged in the other chamber IB. A compressor 1, a first heat exchanger 2, an expansion valve 3 and another expansion valve 5 are stored in either chamber IA or IB. There are provided a damper 10 formed to be openable or closable to enable external air to be taken into the chamber IA, a damper 11 formed to be openable or closable to enable air to be discharged from the chamber IB, a damper 12 communicating the chamber IA with the chamber IB to be openable or closable to enable air flowed from the chamber IA to the chamber IB through an opening part 15A arranged at a partition plate 15 to be circulated through the chamber IA and the chamber IB, and a fan 8 arranged in the chamber IB to take in, discharge or circulate air in respect to the casing I.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump system, and is particularly useful when applied to a frost-free (non-frosting) operation in a heat pump system using air as a heat source.

  The basic configuration of a heat pump using air as a heat source according to the prior art includes a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, a condenser or a gas cooler that heats a heated medium using a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor A first heat exchanger formed by the above, an expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant heat-exchanged by the first heat exchanger, and evaporating the low-temperature refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve to exchange heat with air It has the 2nd heat exchanger formed with the evaporator which returns the refrigerant | coolant after heat exchange to the said compressor, and it compresses through a 1st heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and a 2nd heat exchanger from a compressor. By forming a refrigerant circulation path to the machine, the heated medium in the first heat exchanger is heated using the heat of air (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In such a heat pump system, the second heat exchanger functioning as an evaporator is frosted when operating in a low temperature and high humidity environment, causing a decrease in the amount of heat received and a deterioration in heat transfer performance. However, during the defrost operation, it is necessary to interrupt the heating of the medium to be heated by the heat pump system, which causes a decrease in operation efficiency.

  Therefore, the present invention has proposed a heat pump system that enables frost-free (non-frosting) operation by preventing frost formation of a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with air without performing defrost operation. This is a frost-free (non-frosting) operation by performing two types of operation, adsorption mode operation and desorption mode operation, between the heat exchanger with adsorbent connected in series and a normal heat exchanger. (See Patent Document 2).

JP 2010-054136 A JP 2012-159273 A

  However, in the heat pump system disclosed in Patent Document 2, since an air flow path is newly added to perform two types of operation, that is, adsorption mode operation and desorption mode operation, the occupied area of the system increases. A new problem arises.

  In view of the above-described prior art, the present invention is a heat pump system capable of realizing downsizing by reducing the occupied area of a heat pump system that enables a frost-free (non-frosting) operation as shown in Patent Document 2 as much as possible. The purpose is to provide.

The first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows:
The refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the second heat exchanger that is a heat exchanger with an adsorbent, the other expansion valve, and the third heat exchanger, and the compressor. A heat pump system having a refrigerant circulation path back to
The inside of the casing forming the sealed space is divided into two by a partition plate, the second heat exchanger is provided in one room, and the third heat exchanger is provided in the other room. , Storing the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the other expansion valve in either the one or the other chamber,
A first opening / closing means formed to be openable and closable so that outside air can be taken into the one room;
Second opening and closing means formed to be openable and closable so that air can be discharged from the other room;
The one room and the other room are arranged such that air flowing from one room to the other room through the opening provided in the partition plate can circulate between the one room and the other room. A third opening / closing means communicating with each other so as to be openable and closable;
The heat pump system is provided in any one of the one room and the other room, and includes a blowing unit for taking in, discharging, or circulating air from the casing.

  According to this aspect, since the inside of the casing can be used as an air flow path, not only the operation in the adsorption mode but also the air circulation in the operation in the detachment mode can be performed, so various types for exhibiting the function of the heat pump system Devices can be compactly packed in the minimum necessary space.

The second aspect of the present invention is:
In the heat pump system described in the first aspect,
In the heat pump system, the air blowing means is integrally incorporated in the third heat exchanger.

  According to this aspect, the area occupied by these components in the casing can be minimized by integrating the air blowing means and the third heat exchanger.

The third aspect of the present invention is:
In the heat pump system described in the first or second aspect,
In the heat pump system, the casing is partitioned by the partition plate so that the one room and the other room are arranged in a vertical direction.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is:
In the heat pump system according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the casing is partitioned by the partition plate so that the one room and the other room are arranged in a horizontal direction.

  According to the present invention, not only the operation in the adsorption mode but also the air circulation in the operation in the detachment mode can be performed by using the inside of the casing as the air flow passage. As a result, various devices for demonstrating the function of the heat pump system can be compactly combined in the minimum necessary space. In other words, the second heat exchanger that is a heat exchanger with adsorbent and the third heat exchanger that is a normal heat exchanger are connected in tandem, and both of them function as an evaporator and the second heat. By causing the exchanger to function as a condenser and only the third heat exchanger to function as an evaporator, the area occupied by the heat pump system realizing the frost-free operation can be reduced as much as possible.

It is a block diagram which shows the heat pump system disclosed by patent document 2. FIG. It is a block diagram at the time of adsorption mode operation in the heat pump system shown in FIG. It is a block diagram at the time of the desorption mode driving | operation in the heat pump system shown in FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the structure of the heat pump system which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the mode at the time of adsorption mode driving | operation in the heat pump system shown in FIG. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the mode at the time of the desorption mode driving | operation in the heat pump system shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a heat pump system disclosed in Patent Document 2. As shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the heat pump system according to the present embodiment includes a compressor 1 that compresses a refrigerant, a first heat exchanger 2, an expansion valve 3, and a second heat exchanger that is a heat exchanger with an adsorbent. 4. A refrigerant circulation path that returns to the compressor 1 through the expansion valve 5 and the third heat exchanger 6 that are other expansion valves is formed. Thus, the heated medium exchanged in the first heat exchanger 2 is heated by using the air exchanged in the second and third heat exchangers 4 and 6 as a heat source. Here, the 1st heat exchanger 2 is comprised with the gas cooler in the case of using the condenser and CO2 refrigerant | coolant which heat a to-be-heated medium using the high temperature / high pressure refrigerant | coolant compressed with the compressor 1. FIG. The second heat exchanger 4 functions as a heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as an adsorption heat exchanger) that evaporates the low-temperature refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve 3 and exchanges heat with air, and opens the expansion valve 3 fully. By doing so, it also functions as a heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as a desorption heat exchanger) for desorbing moisture adsorbed by the adsorption heat exchanger. The third heat exchanger 6 is connected in tandem with the second heat exchanger 4 and always functions as an evaporator.

  The air flow path 7 uses the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat with each other, and the fan 8 sucks the air from the second heat exchanger 4 to the third heat exchanger. Distribute toward the 6th side. More specifically, the air flow path 7 basically sucks the outside air OA from the air intake port on the second heat exchanger 4 side, and causes the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 to flow. After passing, the exhaust EA is configured to be discharged from the air exhaust port on the third heat exchanger 6 side. Furthermore, the air flow path 7 has a bypass passage 9 for circulating the circulating air RA between the air inlet on the second heat exchanger 4 side and the air outlet on the third heat exchanger 6 side. In addition, dampers 10, 11 and 12 are provided as first to third switching means for switching the air passage. Here, the damper 10 is in the vicinity of the air inlet and upstream of the outlet of the bypass passage 9, the damper 11 is in the vicinity of the air outlet and downstream of the inlet of the bypass passage 9, and the damper 12 is in the middle of the bypass passage 9. Each is arranged. Thus, in a state where the dampers 10 and 11 are opened and the damper 12 is closed, the outside air OA that has flowed in from the air suction port exchanges heat with the second and third heat exchangers 4 and 6 from the air discharge port. Circulating air RA is circulated through the bypass passage 9 while exchanging heat with the second and third heat exchangers in the state in which the exhaust EA is discharged and the dampers 10 and 11 are closed and the damper 12 is opened. The operation is performed in two types of modes.

  Absolute humidity sensors 13 and 14 are disposed on the inlet side and the outlet side of the second heat exchanger 4 in the air flow path 7. It is possible to detect that the adsorbent has reached the equilibrium adsorption state by comparing the absolute humidity between the inlet side and the outlet side of the second heat exchanger 4 measured by the absolute humidity sensors 13 and 14. This is because there is no difference in absolute humidity between the inlet side and the outlet side of the heat exchanger 4 in the equilibrium adsorption state.

  In this embodiment, an adsorption mode operation in which the second heat exchanger 4 functions as an adsorption heat exchanger that evaporates the low-temperature refrigerant expanded by the expansion valve 3 and exchanges heat with air, and the expansion valve 3 is fully opened. By doing so, two types of operations can be performed: a desorption mode operation in which the second heat exchanger functions as a desorption heat exchanger.

  The operation of the heat pump system according to this embodiment will be described together with the modes of the adsorption mode operation and the desorption mode operation. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the mode during the adsorption mode operation, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the mode during the desorption mode operation.

  In the adsorption mode operation shown in FIG. 2, the first and second expansion valves 3 and 5 are throttled, the second heat exchanger 4 functions as an adsorption heat exchanger, and the third heat exchanger 6 is used as an evaporator. This is done by making it function. In the operation mode, the dampers 10 and 11 are opened, the damper 12 is closed, the outside air OA is taken in from the air suction port of the air flow path 7, and moisture is exchanged with the heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 4. The adsorbed air AA that has been adsorbed and dried is further subjected to heat exchange by the third heat exchanger 6, and then discharged from the air discharge port as exhaust EA.

  In such an adsorption mode operation, the refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 1 to high temperature and high pressure heats the medium to be heated by the first heat exchanger 2 that functions as a condenser, and then reaches the first expansion valve 3. . The second heat exchanger 4 functions as an adsorption heat exchanger by adiabatic expansion of the refrigerant by the first expansion valve 3 to perform dehumidification drying of the air exchanged by passing through the air flow path 7. Can do. At the same time, the refrigerant heat exchanged by the second heat exchanger 4 is expanded by the second expansion valve 5, and the third heat exchanger 6 connected in tandem to the second heat exchanger 4 is used as an evaporator. Can function. Here, in the third heat exchanger 6, heat is exchanged in the second heat exchanger 4 and dehumidified and dried, and the adsorbed air AA and heat in which the dew point temperature is lower than the evaporation temperature of the third heat exchanger 6. Since they can be exchanged, frost formation in the third heat exchanger 6 can be prevented.

  As a result, the frost-free operation can be performed without hindering the original operation of the heat pump system that heats the medium to be heated. Here, by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve 5, the evaporation temperature in the third heat exchanger 6 can be controlled, and the second heat exchanger 4 functioning as an adsorption heat exchanger, Since the refrigerant evaporating temperatures in the third heat exchanger 6 are different, the latent heat and sensible heat of the heat source air can be used separately in the adsorption process of the adsorbent.

  If the adsorption mode operation is continued, the adsorbent in the second heat exchanger 4 is in an equilibrium adsorption state, and the ability to adsorb and remove moisture in the air is lost. Therefore, when the adsorbent is in an equilibrium adsorption state, it is necessary to regenerate the adsorbent by performing a desorption mode operation. Therefore, when the equilibrium adsorption state is detected by the absolute humidity sensors 13 and 14, the operation is shifted to the desorption mode operation.

  In the desorption mode operation shown in FIG. 3, the first expansion valve 3 is fully opened and only the second expansion valve 5 is throttled so that the second heat exchanger 4 functions as a desorption heat exchanger. It is performed by causing only the heat exchanger 6 to function as an evaporator. Further, in the operation mode, the dampers 10 and 11 are closed and the damper 12 is opened so that the desorption air DA exchanged by the second heat exchanger 4 is circulated as the circulating air RA through the bypass passage 9. .

  Even in such a desorption mode operation, the refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 1 to a high temperature and high pressure heats the medium to be heated by the first heat exchanger 2. Thereafter, the refrigerant passes through the first expansion valve 3 without being expanded and reaches the second heat exchanger 4. As a result, the second heat exchanger 4 functions as a desorption heat exchanger. Along with this, the temperature of the air exchanged in the second heat exchanger 4 is raised, and water is desorbed from the adsorbent to reach the third heat exchanger 6 as high temperature and high humidity desorbed air DA. Here, since the refrigerant cooled by performing heat exchange with the second heat exchanger 4 is adiabatically expanded by the second expansion valve 5, the third heat exchanger 6 functions as an evaporator. The refrigerant saturation temperature at this time is set to be lower than the dew point temperature of the desorption air DA and higher than 0 degrees. As a result, the heating of the medium to be heated by the first heat exchanger 2 can be continued.

  On the other hand, the desorption air DA that has become a high-temperature and high-humidity state by heat exchange in the second heat exchanger 4 is heat-exchanged by the third heat exchanger 6 to recover latent heat and sensible heat. As a result, the moisture in the desorption air DA is discharged to the outside as it is. That is, the water adhering to the adsorbent by the adsorption mode operation is discharged by the third heat exchanger 6 using the desorption air DA flowing from the second heat exchanger 4 toward the third heat exchanger 6 as a medium. Can do. As a result, the adsorbent is regenerated and water can be adsorbed again. In the case of this embodiment, the reproduction completion state is detected by the absolute humidity sensors 13 and 14.

  Here, in this embodiment, the bypass passage 9 is provided to circulate the air (desorption air DA, circulating air RA), but this eliminates exhaust loss and improves system performance. . That is, by desorbing the desorption air DA, it is possible to recover all the desorption process consumption energy as the evaporation heat of the heat pump system. However, if only the desorption function is considered, the bypass passage 9 is not always necessary in principle.

  In the adsorption mode operation and the desorption mode operation as described above, the control means (not shown) performs predetermined processing based on a signal representing the absolute humidity measured by the absolute humidity sensors 13 and 14, and the expansion valves 3, 5 and the like. This is done by controlling the operation.

  In such a heat pump system, the air flow path 7 protrudes from the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 to the outside, and the bypass passage 9 has the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger. 6 is disposed outside. For this reason, the occupied area corresponding to the air flow path 7 and the bypass passage 9 is widened, and an increase in size as a whole cannot be avoided.

  In the present embodiment, the same frost-free operation as that of the heat pump shown in FIG. 1 can be performed, and at the same time, the constituent devices are collectively made compact to reduce the occupied area as much as possible. FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the structure of the heat pump system according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to those functionally corresponding to the devices shown in FIG. 1 and the like, and a duplicate description is omitted.

  In this embodiment, all the components are arranged in either one room IA or the other room IB formed by dividing the inside of the casing I forming the sealed space into two vertically divided by the partition plate 15. It is set up. More specifically, in this embodiment, the second heat exchanger 4 is disposed in one room IA, and the third heat exchanger 6 is disposed in the other room IB. The compressor 1, the first heat exchanger 2, the expansion valve 3 and the other expansion valve 5 are accommodated in the other chamber IB.

  An opening 15A is formed in the partition plate 15, and one room IA and the other room IB communicate with each other through the opening 15A. The upper wall surface of the casing I is formed with a damper 10 as a first opening / closing means formed to be openable and closable in order to take outside air into one room IA, and the lower part of the casing I. A damper 11 is formed as a second opening / closing means that can be opened and closed in order to discharge air from the other room IB to the outside. Further, the air flowing into the other room IB from the one room IA through the opening 15A of the partition plate 15 can be circulated between the one room IA and the other room IB. A damper 12, which is a third opening / closing means that communicates with the other room IB so as to be openable and closable, is provided on the partition plate 15.

  In the third heat exchanger 6 in this embodiment, a fan 8 that is a blowing means is integrally provided. That is, a through hole is provided in the central portion of the casing of the third heat exchanger 6, and the fan 8 is fitted into the through hole.

  When performing the adsorption mode operation in such a heat pump system, as in the case shown in FIG. 2, the expansion valve 3 is throttled and the expansion valve 5 is also throttled to expand the refrigerant to adsorb the second heat exchanger 4. It functions as a heat exchanger. At this time, the fans 8 are driven with the dampers 10 and 11 open and the damper 12 closed. As a result, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 5, the outside air OA is taken into one room IA of the casing I through the damper 10. The outside air OA taken into one room IA is subjected to predetermined heat exchange by the second heat exchanger 4 and then reaches the other room IB through the opening 15A of the partition plate 15. The outside air OA taken into the other room IB is further subjected to predetermined heat exchange by the third heat exchanger 6 and then discharged to the outside through the damper 11.

  On the other hand, when performing the desorption mode operation in such a heat pump system, the expansion valve 3 is fully opened, and at the same time, the expansion valve 5 is throttled to expand the refrigerant. At the same time, the dampers 8 and 11 are closed and the damper 12 is opened to drive the fan 8. As a result, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 6, the air in the casing I circulates between the one room IA and the other room IB via the opening 15 </ b> A of the partition plate 15 and the damper 12. Thus, air circulates between one room IA and the other room IB while the second heat exchanger 4 functions as a desorption heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger 6 functions as an evaporator. Therefore, water can be desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat exchanger 4.

  According to the present embodiment, all the air flow paths for heat exchange with the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 including the circulation path are formed inside the casing I. That is, since the internal space of the casing I is used not only as a storage space for each device but also as an air flow passage, the area occupied by the heat pump system can be made as small as possible. That is, it is possible to achieve both the miniaturization of the system and the frost-free operation.

  In the said embodiment, although the compressor 1, the 1st heat exchanger 2, the expansion valve 3, and the other expansion valve 5 are accommodated in the other chamber IB, it is not restricted to this. If the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 are arranged in different rooms IA and IB, the second heat exchanger 4 and the third heat exchanger 6 are connected in tandem. The second heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser while circulating air between the one chamber IA and the other chamber IB, and the third heat exchanger 6 This is because any operation in the desorption mode in which the is functioned as an evaporator is possible.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the switching means of the flow path in the air flow path 7 was formed with the dampers 10-12, it is not restricted to this. There is no particular limitation as long as it has a function of switching channels. For example, a valve or the like may be used.

  Further, the fan 8 as the air blowing means may not be the same room IB as the third heat exchanger 6. This is because it is only necessary to form an air flow for taking outside air into the casing I and to form a circulation flow between the one room IA and the other room IB of the casing I.

  The two rooms IA and IB of the casing I do not have to be adjacent in the vertical direction. Of course, as long as it is a structure that is divided into two by the partition plate 15, a structure that is adjacent in the horizontal direction may be used.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be effectively used in an industrial field where a heat exchange device such as a heat pump is manufactured and sold.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS I Casing IA, IB Room 1 Compressor 2 1st heat exchanger 3 1st expansion valve 4 2nd heat exchanger 5 2nd expansion valve 6 3rd heat exchanger 7 Air flow path 8 Fan (blower) means)
9 Bypass passages 10, 11, 12 Dampers 13, 14 Absolute humidity sensor 15 Partition plate 15A Opening

Claims (4)

The refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve, the second heat exchanger that is a heat exchanger with an adsorbent, the other expansion valve, and the third heat exchanger, and the compressor. A heat pump system having a refrigerant circulation path back to
The inside of the casing forming the sealed space is divided into two by a partition plate, the second heat exchanger is provided in one room, and the third heat exchanger is provided in the other room. , Storing the compressor, the first heat exchanger, the expansion valve and the other expansion valve in either the one or the other chamber,
A first opening / closing means formed to be openable and closable so that outside air can be taken into the one room;
Second opening and closing means formed to be openable and closable so that air can be discharged from the other room;
The one room and the other room are arranged such that air flowing from one room to the other room through the opening provided in the partition plate can circulate between the one room and the other room. A third opening / closing means communicating with each other so as to be openable and closable;
A heat pump system, characterized in that the heat pump system is provided in either the one room or the other room, and includes a blowing means for taking in, discharging, or circulating air from the casing. In the heat pump system according to claim 1,
The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the air blowing means is integrated into the third heat exchanger. In the heat pump system according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The heat pump system, wherein the casing is partitioned by the partition plate so that the one room and the other room are arranged in a vertical direction. In the heat pump system according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The heat pump system according to claim 1, wherein the casing is partitioned by the partition plate so that the one room and the other room are arranged in a horizontal direction.