JP2016199863A

JP2016199863A - Rock crushing tool and crushing method using the same

Info

Publication number: JP2016199863A
Application number: JP2015078620A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 神島　昭男; Akio Kamishima; 昭男神島; 充子神島; Mitsuko Kamishima
Original assignee: Kamishimagumi KK
Current assignee: Kamishimagumi KK
Priority date: 2015-04-07
Filing date: 2015-04-07
Publication date: 2016-12-01
Anticipated expiration: 2035-04-07
Also published as: JP5838435B1

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rock crushing tool capable of efficiently crushing a processing object such as rock, bedrock, concrete structure, and efficiently crush the processing object using the tool.SOLUTION: A rock crushing tool comprises: a wedge member, which has tapered shape and a tip capable of being inserted to and removed from a hole drilled on a processing object; multiple blade members, which are disposed so as to slide against an inclined plane formed on the tip of the wedge member and press against an inner wall of the drilled hole by moving outward in the radial direction of the drilled hole while relatively sliding on the inclined plane when the wedge member is inserted in the drilled hole; a connection mechanism, which is disposed so as to sandwich the wedge member, and connects multiple blade members so that the blade members can move in the radial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物を割岩する割岩工具および当該工具を用いて処理対象物を破砕する破砕技術に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a split rock tool for splitting a processing object such as a rock, a rock, and a concrete structure, and a crushing technique for crushing the processing object using the tool.

従来、岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物を割岩するための割岩工具として、楔部材（ウェッジと称されることもある）と羽根部材（ライナーと称されることもある）を用いた、いわゆるセリ矢が知られている。例えば特許文献１では、岩盤に削岩機で予め削孔を形成し、削孔内に楔部材と羽根部材を組み合わせた割岩工具を挿入し、楔部材の後端部をブレーカで打撃して割岩して岩盤を破砕している。 Conventionally, a wedge member (sometimes called a wedge) and a blade member (sometimes called a liner) are used as a split rock tool for splitting a processing object such as a rock, bedrock, or concrete structure. The so-called Seri-ya has been known. For example, in Patent Document 1, a drilling hole is previously formed in a rock drill with a rock drill, a split rock tool in which a wedge member and a blade member are combined is inserted into the drill hole, and the rear end portion of the wedge member is struck with a breaker. Then the rock mass is crushed.

特開２００６−２２５９２５号公報（図３）Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-225925 (FIG. 3)

上記割岩工具では、各羽根部材および楔部材を削孔に挿入する作業、ならびに岩盤の破砕後に各羽根部材および楔部材を回収する作業については、作業機械を補助的に使用することは可能である。しかしながら、割岩工具を用いた破砕作業では、人手による作業が数多く存在している。例えばブレーカによる打撃前に削孔に対して羽根部材を個別に挿入し、しかも削孔内で羽根部材を相互に離間させて楔部材の先端部を挿入するための隙間を形成する必要があった。また、破砕が完了して楔部材を羽根部材から引き抜いた後で破砕領域において互いに分離している各羽根部材の位置を確認し、それぞれを個別に回収する際にも、人手が必要となる。このような人手作業を割岩毎に行う必要があり、これが割岩工具を用いた破砕処理の効率を低下させる主要因の一つとなっていた。 In the above-mentioned split rock tool, it is possible to use a work machine as an auxiliary for the operation of inserting each blade member and wedge member into the drilling hole and the operation of collecting each blade member and wedge member after crushing the rock mass. . However, many manual operations exist in the crushing operation using the swarf tool. For example, before hitting with a breaker, it was necessary to insert blade members individually into the hole, and to separate the blade members from each other within the hole to form a gap for inserting the tip of the wedge member. . Further, when the crushing is completed and the wedge member is pulled out from the blade member, the positions of the blade members separated from each other in the crushing region are confirmed, and manpower is also required when individually collecting the blade members. It is necessary to perform such a manual work for each rock, which has been one of the main factors for reducing the efficiency of the crushing process using a rock rock tool.

この発明は上記課題に鑑みなされたものであり、岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物を効率的に割岩することができる割岩工具および当該工具を用いて処理対象物を効率的に破砕することができる破砕方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can efficiently crush a processing object such as a rock, a rock mass, a concrete structure, and the like, and a crock that can efficiently split the processing object using the tool. It aims at providing the crushing method which can be done.

この発明の一の態様は、先細り形状を有し、処理対象物に形成された削孔に対して先端部を挿脱可能な楔部材と、楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して摺動可能に設けられ、削孔への楔部材の挿入に伴い傾斜面上を相対的に摺動しながら削孔の径方向外側に移動して削孔の内壁を押圧する、複数の羽根部材と、楔部材を挟むように配置された、複数の羽根部材を削孔の径方向に移動可能に相互に連結する連結機構とを備えることを特徴としている。 One aspect of the present invention is a wedge member having a tapered shape, the tip portion of which can be inserted into and removed from a hole formed in the object to be processed, and an inclined surface formed at the tip portion of the wedge member. A plurality of blades that are slidable and move radially outward of the drilling hole while relatively sliding on the inclined surface as the wedge member is inserted into the drilling hole to press the inner wall of the drilling hole It is characterized by comprising a member and a connecting mechanism that is arranged so as to sandwich the wedge member and connects the plurality of blade members to each other so as to be movable in the radial direction of the drilling hole.

また、この発明の他の態様は、破砕方法であって、上記割岩工具を準備する工程と、連結機構により互いに連結された複数の羽根部材を削孔に挿入する工程と、削孔に挿入された複数の羽根部材の間に楔部材の先端部を挿入して楔部材の傾斜面を複数の羽根部材に摺接させながら楔部材を削孔に圧入して削孔の周囲を破砕する工程とを備えることを特徴としている。 Another aspect of the present invention is a crushing method, the step of preparing the swarf tool, the step of inserting a plurality of blade members connected to each other by a connecting mechanism, and the step of inserting into the hole. Inserting the tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members and press-fitting the wedge member into the hole while crushing the inclined surface of the wedge member against the blade members, and crushing the periphery of the hole It is characterized by having.

以上のように、本発明によれば、複数の羽根部材が連結機構によって相互に連結されているため、割岩処理前に複数の羽根部材を一括して削孔に挿入することができ、また割岩処理後においても複数の羽根部材を一括して回収することができる。その結果、処理対象物を効率的に割岩することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, since the plurality of blade members are connected to each other by the connection mechanism, the plurality of blade members can be collectively inserted into the drilling hole before the split rock treatment. Even after processing, a plurality of blade members can be collected in a lump. As a result, the processing object can be efficiently divided.

本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具およびブレーカを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the rock rock tool and breaker used when implementing one Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具の構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structure of the split rock tool used when implementing one Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられるブレーカの内部構造を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the internal structure of the breaker used when implementing one Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる引抜工具の内部構造を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the internal structure of the extraction tool used when implementing one Embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention. 引抜工具と楔部材の後端部との位置関係を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the positional relationship of a drawing tool and the rear-end part of a wedge member. 割岩工具およびブレーカを用いた処理対象物の割岩処理を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the split rock process of the process target object using a split rock tool and a breaker. 把持部材による楔部材の把持により楔部材の軸心とピストンの軸心とを一致させる処理を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the process which makes the axial center of a wedge member and the axial center of a piston correspond by the holding of the wedge member by a holding member. 引抜工具による楔部材の引抜処理を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically the extraction process of the wedge member by an extraction tool. 本発明にかかる破砕方法の他の実施形態を模式的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows typically other embodiment of the crushing method concerning this invention.

本発明にかかる破砕方法は、以下の工程（１）〜（６）、
工程（１）：岩石、岩盤やコンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に削孔を形成する、
工程（２）：楔部材と、複数の羽根部材と、複数の羽根部材を相互に連結する連結機構とで構成される割岩工具を準備する、
工程（３）：上記削孔に複数の羽根部材を挿入する、
工程（４）：上記複数の羽根部材の間に楔部材の先端部を挿入する、
工程（５）：上記楔部材の後端部を複数の把持部材により把持し、把持状態を維持したままブレーカのピストンで打撃して楔部材の先端部を圧入する、
工程（６）：ブレーカを取り外した後で上記楔部材の後端部に引抜工具をセットし、引抜工具を用いて楔部材を引き抜いた後で連結機構により相互に連結された複数の羽根部材を回収する、
を実行することで処理対象物を割岩し、削孔の周囲を破砕するものであり、特に破砕効率を高めるために、次の説明する割岩工具、ブレーカおよび引抜工具を用いている。以下、図１ないし図５を参照しつつ装置構成を説明した後で、上記破砕方法について詳述する。 The crushing method according to the present invention includes the following steps (1) to (6),
Step (1): forming a hole in a processing object such as rock, bedrock or concrete structure,
Step (2): preparing a split rock tool composed of a wedge member, a plurality of blade members, and a connecting mechanism for connecting the plurality of blade members to each other;
Step (3): Inserting a plurality of blade members into the drilling hole,
Step (4): inserting the tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members,
Step (5): The rear end of the wedge member is gripped by a plurality of gripping members, and the tip of the wedge member is press-fitted by striking with the piston of the breaker while maintaining the gripping state.
Step (6): After removing the breaker, a pulling tool is set at the rear end of the wedge member, and the wedge member is pulled out by using the pulling tool, and then a plurality of blade members connected to each other by a connecting mechanism are provided. to recover,
Is used to smash the object to be processed and crush the periphery of the drilling hole. In particular, in order to increase the crushing efficiency, the following explained swarf tools, breakers, and extraction tools are used. Hereinafter, after explaining the apparatus configuration with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the crushing method will be described in detail.

図１は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具およびブレーカを示す図である。割岩工具１は、２枚の羽根部材１１、１２と、羽根部材１１、１２の後端部を相互に連結する連結機構１３と、羽根部材１１、１２の間に対して先端部を挿脱可能に形成された楔部材１４と有している。そして、２枚の羽根部材１１、１２は連結機構１３により相互に連結される。この明細書では、処理対象物２に対して削孔２１が形成される方向Ｘを「削孔形成方向」と称し、Ｘ方向に進む側を「先端側」と称するとともに反対側を「後端側」と称する。また、削孔形成方向Ｘに直交する方向のうち羽根部材１１、１２が配列される方向Ｙを「配列方向」と称する。 FIG. 1 is a view showing a swarf tool and a breaker used in carrying out an embodiment of a crushing method according to the present invention. The split rock tool 1 can be inserted / removed between two blade members 11 and 12, a connecting mechanism 13 that connects the rear ends of the blade members 11 and 12, and between the blade members 11 and 12. And a wedge member 14 formed on the surface. The two blade members 11 and 12 are connected to each other by the connecting mechanism 13. In this specification, the direction X in which the hole 21 is formed with respect to the processing object 2 is referred to as a “hole forming direction”, the side proceeding in the X direction is referred to as the “front end side”, and the opposite side is referred to as the “rear end”. Referred to as “side”. Further, a direction Y in which the blade members 11 and 12 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the hole forming direction X is referred to as an “arrangement direction”.

図２は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる割岩工具の構成を示す図である。同図において（ｃ）は割岩工具１の側面図であり、（ｄ）は割岩工具１の断面図である。また、（ａ）は図２（ｃ）のＡ−Ａ線矢視図であり、（ｂ）は図２（ｄ）のＢ−Ｂ線断面図である。この割岩工具１では、羽根部材１１、１２は同形状及び同寸法である。そこで、羽根部材１１の構成を以下に説明する一方で、羽根部材１２の各部については相当符号を付して説明を省略する。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of a swarf tool used when an embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention is executed. In the same figure, (c) is a side view of the split rock tool 1, and (d) is a cross-sectional view of the split rock tool 1. Moreover, (a) is the AA arrow directional view of FIG.2 (c), (b) is the BB sectional drawing of FIG.2 (d). In this split rock tool 1, the blade members 11 and 12 have the same shape and the same dimensions. Therefore, while the configuration of the blade member 11 will be described below, the components of the blade member 12 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

羽根部材１１は、フランジ部１１ａと、フランジ部１１ａの下面から削孔形成方向Ｘと平行な方向に延びる押圧部１１ｂとを有している。図２（ａ）の平面図に示すように、フランジ部１１ａは押圧部１１ｂよりも十分に大きな平面サイズを有している。より具体的には、フランジ部１１ａは削孔２１よりも大きな平面サイズを有するのに対し、押圧部１１ｂは削孔２１よりも小さな平面サイズを有している。 The blade member 11 includes a flange portion 11a and a pressing portion 11b extending from the lower surface of the flange portion 11a in a direction parallel to the hole forming direction X. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2A, the flange portion 11a has a sufficiently larger plane size than the pressing portion 11b. More specifically, the flange portion 11 a has a larger plane size than the hole 21, while the pressing portion 11 b has a smaller plane size than the hole 21.

フランジ部１１ａには２本の貫通孔１１ｃ、１１ｄが互いに一定距離だけＸＹ平面と直交する方向に離間して設けられるとともに、フランジ部１２ａには２本の貫通孔１２ｃ、１２ｄが互いに一定距離だけＸＹ平面と直交する方向に離間して設けられている。そして、上記のように傾斜面同士を対向させて配置することで、貫通孔１１ｃ、１２ｃがＹ方向に一直線上に並ぶとともに貫通孔１１ｄ、１２ｄがＹ方向に一直線上に並ぶ。 The flange portion 11a is provided with two through holes 11c and 11d spaced apart from each other by a certain distance in a direction perpendicular to the XY plane, and the flange portion 12a is provided with two through holes 12c and 12d by a certain distance from each other. They are spaced apart in the direction orthogonal to the XY plane. By arranging the inclined surfaces to face each other as described above, the through holes 11c and 12c are arranged in a straight line in the Y direction, and the through holes 11d and 12d are arranged in a straight line in the Y direction.

押圧部１１ｂのうち削孔２１の内壁と対向する面は、削孔形成方向Ｘに沿った円弧面を基本形状として構成されており、後述するように削孔２１の内壁を押圧する押圧面として機能する。なお、ここでの円弧面とはその断面が厳密に円の一部である必要はなく、断面が楕円の一部であるような場合も含むものとする。また、押圧部１１ｂでは円弧面（押圧面）と反対側に傾斜面が形成されている。そして、２つの羽根部材１１、１２は、傾斜面同士が向かい合うように配置された状態で、次に詳述する連結機構１３によりフランジ部１１ａ、１２ａを相互に連結することで一体化される。 The surface of the pressing portion 11b that faces the inner wall of the hole 21 is formed with an arc surface along the hole forming direction X as a basic shape, and as a pressing surface that presses the inner wall of the hole 21 as will be described later. Function. Note that the arc surface here does not need to be strictly a part of a circle, and includes a case where the cross section is a part of an ellipse. Moreover, in the press part 11b, the inclined surface is formed in the opposite side to a circular arc surface (press surface). The two blade members 11 and 12 are integrated by connecting the flange portions 11a and 12a to each other by the connecting mechanism 13 described in detail below in a state where the inclined surfaces face each other.

連結機構１３は、コイルばね１３１〜１３３、ボルト１３４およびナット１３５により形成されている。フランジ部１１ａ、１２ａにそれぞれ形成される貫通孔１１ｃ、１２ｃに挟まれるようにコイルばね１３２が配置されている。また、貫通孔１１ｃの（−Ｙ）方向側にコイルばね１３１が配置されるとともに、貫通孔１２ｃの（＋Ｙ）方向側にコイルばね１３３が配置されている。そして、コイルばね１３１、貫通孔１１ｃ、コイルばね１３２、貫通孔１２ｃおよびコイルばね１３３を貫通してボルト１３４が挿通され、ボルト１３４の先端の雄ネジ部にナット１３５が螺合されている。なお、貫通孔１１ｄ、１２ｄ側についても、上記と同様に、コイルばね１３１〜１３３、ボルト１３４およびナット１３５が設けられている。 The coupling mechanism 13 is formed by coil springs 131 to 133, bolts 134 and nuts 135. A coil spring 132 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between through holes 11c and 12c formed in the flange portions 11a and 12a, respectively. A coil spring 131 is disposed on the (−Y) direction side of the through hole 11c, and a coil spring 133 is disposed on the (+ Y) direction side of the through hole 12c. Then, a bolt 134 is inserted through the coil spring 131, the through hole 11 c, the coil spring 132, the through hole 12 c and the coil spring 133, and a nut 135 is screwed into the male thread portion at the tip of the bolt 134. In addition, coil springs 131 to 133, bolts 134, and nuts 135 are also provided on the through holes 11d and 12d side as described above.

コイルばね１３２は羽根部材１１、１２をＹ方向において相互に離間させるように付勢しており、本発明の「第１付勢部材」として機能している。また、ボルト１３４の頭部が羽根部材１１の（−Ｙ）方向の移動を規制し、ナット１３５が羽根部材１１２の（＋Ｙ）方向の移動を規制する。このように、本実施形態では、Ｙ方向が本発明の「径方向」の一例に相当し、ボルト１３４の円筒部が本発明の「ガイド部」として機能し、ボルト１３４の頭部およびナット１３５がそれぞれ本発明の「第１規制部材」および「第２規制部材」として機能している。また、コイルばね１３１は羽根部材１１とボルト１３４の頭部（第１規制部材）との間に配置されて羽根部材１１をボルト１３４の頭部に対して（＋Ｙ）方向に付勢しており、本発明の「第２付勢部材」として機能している。さらに、コイルばね１３３は羽根部材１３とナット１３５（第２規制部材）との間に配置されて羽根部材１２をナット１３５に対して（−Ｙ）方向に付勢しており、本発明の「第３付勢部材」として機能している。 The coil spring 132 urges the blade members 11 and 12 to be separated from each other in the Y direction, and functions as the “first urging member” of the present invention. The head of the bolt 134 restricts the movement of the blade member 11 in the (−Y) direction, and the nut 135 restricts the movement of the blade member 112 in the (+ Y) direction. Thus, in this embodiment, the Y direction corresponds to an example of the “radial direction” of the present invention, and the cylindrical portion of the bolt 134 functions as the “guide portion” of the present invention. Respectively function as the “first regulating member” and the “second regulating member” of the present invention. The coil spring 131 is disposed between the blade member 11 and the head of the bolt 134 (first regulating member), and biases the blade member 11 in the (+ Y) direction with respect to the head of the bolt 134. , Functioning as the “second biasing member” of the present invention. Furthermore, the coil spring 133 is disposed between the blade member 13 and the nut 135 (second regulating member) and biases the blade member 12 in the (−Y) direction with respect to the nut 135. It functions as a “third biasing member”.

このように連結機構１３を設けたことによって、羽根部材１１、１２はボルト１３４の円筒部にガイドされながらＹ方向に移動可能な状態で相互に連結されており、羽根部材１１、１２の位置関係をナット１３５によって調整可能となっている。また、羽根部材１１、１２の先端部、つまり押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂを削孔２１に挿入していくと、フランジ部１１ａ、１２ａが削孔２１の周辺表面に係止され、それ以上の挿入が規制されて割岩工具１が削孔２１に対してセット可能となっている。さらに、羽根部材１１、１２の一体化によって両傾斜面によって挟まれる空間ＳＰ１は羽根部材１１、１２の先端側ほど細くなる先細り形状となる。この先細り形状の空間ＳＰ１に、この空間ＳＰ１と同様に先細り形状に構成された楔部材１４が挿入される。 By providing the connecting mechanism 13 in this manner, the blade members 11 and 12 are connected to each other while being guided by the cylindrical portion of the bolt 134 so as to be movable in the Y direction. Can be adjusted by a nut 135. Further, when the tip portions of the blade members 11 and 12, that is, the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are inserted into the hole 21, the flange portions 11 a and 12 a are locked to the peripheral surface of the hole 21, and further insertion is possible. Due to the restriction, the split rock tool 1 can be set to the drilling hole 21. Further, the space SP <b> 1 sandwiched between both inclined surfaces by the integration of the blade members 11 and 12 has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the tip end side of the blade members 11 and 12. A wedge member 14 having a tapered shape is inserted into the tapered space SP1 in the same manner as the space SP1.

この楔部材１４の先端部は、Ｘ方向に直交する断面において矩形形状を有し、先端に向かうにしたがってＹ方向の厚みが減少する先細り形状を有しており、（−Ｙ）側面および（＋Ｙ）側面は傾斜面となっている。（後の図５中の符号１４ａ参照）。また、楔部材１４の後端部には、２つの把持部材３２（図３）により把持される第１被把持部１４ｂと、引抜工具４の係合部材４４、４５（図４および図５）により把持される第２被把持部１４ｃとが設けられている。このうち第１被把持部１４ｂは円柱形状に仕上げられている。一方、第２被把持部１４ｃは第１被把持部１４ｂよりも先端側に位置しており、直方体形状に仕上げられている。そして、（−Ｙ）方向側面および（＋Ｙ）方向側面に凹部１４ｄが設けられ、各凹部１４ｄに引抜工具４の係合部材４４、４５が挿入されて挟み込まれることで楔部材１４は引抜工具４により保持される。一方、各凹部１４ｄからの係合部材４４、４５の離脱によって引抜工具による楔部材１４の保持が解除される。なお、楔部材１４の各傾斜面１４ａ（図５）には、先端側に向けて２本の溝部１４ｅ（図５）が形成されている。各溝部１４ｅはフランジ部１１ａ、１２ａの上面に形成されるオイル溜り部１１ｅ、１２ｅと連通するように設けられている。このため、オイル溜り部１１ｅ、１２ｅに潤滑オイルを割岩処理前に貯留しておくことで当該潤滑オイルは溝部１４ｅを経由して楔部材１４と羽根部材１１、１２との摺動面に供給される。また、本実施形態では、上記オイル供給をさらに円滑なものとするために、図２（ｂ）に示すように、羽根部材１１、１２の傾斜面にも溝部１４ｅに対向するようにオイル供給用の溝部１１ｆ、１２ｆをそれぞれ設けている。なお、本実施形態では、各傾斜面に２本のオイル供給用の溝部を設けているが、溝部の本数はこれに限定されるものではなく、任意である。また、図２中の符号１３６、１３７は連結機構１３により羽根部材１１、１２を連結してなる連結体を吊持するためのフックであり、フック１３６、１３７はそれぞれフランジ部１１ａ、１２ａの上面から立設され、ワイヤー１３８を装着可能となっている。 The front end portion of the wedge member 14 has a rectangular shape in a cross section orthogonal to the X direction, and has a tapered shape in which the thickness in the Y direction decreases toward the front end. The (−Y) side surface and (+ Y ) The side is inclined. (Refer to reference numeral 14a in FIG. 5). Further, at the rear end portion of the wedge member 14, a first gripped portion 14b gripped by two gripping members 32 (FIG. 3), and engaging members 44 and 45 of the extraction tool 4 (FIGS. 4 and 5). And a second gripped portion 14c to be gripped. Among these, the 1st to-be-held part 14b is finished in the column shape. On the other hand, the 2nd to-be-held part 14c is located in the front end side rather than the 1st to-be-held part 14b, and is finished in the rectangular parallelepiped shape. And the recessed part 14d is provided in the (-Y) direction side surface and the (+ Y) direction side surface, and the wedge member 14 is pulled out by inserting the engaging members 44 and 45 of the extraction tool 4 in each recessed part 14d. Held by. On the other hand, when the engaging members 44 and 45 are disengaged from the recesses 14d, the holding of the wedge member 14 by the extraction tool is released. Each inclined surface 14a (FIG. 5) of the wedge member 14 is formed with two grooves 14e (FIG. 5) toward the tip side. Each groove 14e is provided so as to communicate with oil reservoirs 11e and 12e formed on the upper surfaces of the flanges 11a and 12a. For this reason, by storing the lubricating oil in the oil reservoirs 11e and 12e before the split rock treatment, the lubricating oil is supplied to the sliding surface between the wedge member 14 and the blade members 11 and 12 via the groove 14e. The Further, in this embodiment, in order to make the oil supply even smoother, as shown in FIG. 2B, the inclined surfaces of the blade members 11 and 12 are also provided for oil supply so as to face the groove portion 14e. Groove portions 11f and 12f are provided. In this embodiment, two oil supply grooves are provided on each inclined surface, but the number of grooves is not limited to this and is arbitrary. Further, reference numerals 136 and 137 in FIG. 2 are hooks for suspending a connecting body formed by connecting the blade members 11 and 12 by the connecting mechanism 13, and the hooks 136 and 137 are upper surfaces of the flange portions 11a and 12a, respectively. The wire 138 can be attached.

上記楔部材１４の圧入を行うためのブレーカ３は、図１に示すように油圧パワーショベル等の建設車両５のアーム５１にブラケット５２を介して取り付けられている。このため、オペレータが建設車両５の操作レバーなどを操作してアーム５１の位置や角度などを制御することでブレーカ３の位置および姿勢に制御可能となっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the breaker 3 for press-fitting the wedge member 14 is attached to an arm 51 of a construction vehicle 5 such as a hydraulic power shovel via a bracket 52. Therefore, the operator can control the position and posture of the breaker 3 by operating the operation lever of the construction vehicle 5 and controlling the position and angle of the arm 51.

図３は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられるブレーカの内部構造を模式的に示す図であり、同図（ａ）は楔部材１４の後端部を把持して割岩処理を行う際の構成を示し、同図（ｂ）は楔部材１４の後端部の把持を解除した際の構成を示している。このブレーカ３は、シリンダ部３１と、一対の把持部材３２と、各把持部材３２を駆動するためのシリンダ３３とを備えている。シリンダ部３１内には、ピストン３１１が摺嵌され、公知の油圧打撃機構が構成されている。シリンダ部３１には、切換弁３４によって高圧油路と低圧油路とが交互に切換連通され、ピストン３１１が前後方向に往復動するようになっている。 FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing the internal structure of the breaker used when carrying out one embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2B shows a configuration when the split rock treatment is performed, and FIG. 2B shows a configuration when the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 is released. The breaker 3 includes a cylinder portion 31, a pair of gripping members 32, and a cylinder 33 for driving each gripping member 32. A piston 311 is slidably fitted in the cylinder portion 31 to constitute a known hydraulic striking mechanism. A high pressure oil passage and a low pressure oil passage are alternately switched to and communicated with the cylinder portion 31 by a switching valve 34 so that the piston 311 reciprocates in the front-rear direction.

シリンダ部３１の前方、つまりピストン３１１の前進側（図３の下方側）には、一対の把持部材３２が回動中心３２ａを中心に回動可能に設けられている。また、各把持部材３２は把持駆動用のシリンダ３３を介してシリンダ部３１と接続されている。各シリンダ３３は建設車両５から与えられる油圧を受けて作動して把持部材３２を回動中心３２ａに回動させて両把持部材３２が互いに一体化されて楔部材１４を把持する把持位置（図３（ａ）に示す位置）と、把持位置から離れて楔部材１４の挿脱と干渉しない把持解除位置（図３（ｂ）に示す位置）との間で往復移動させる。 A pair of gripping members 32 is provided in front of the cylinder portion 31, that is, on the forward side of the piston 311 (lower side in FIG. 3) so as to be rotatable about a rotation center 32a. Each gripping member 32 is connected to the cylinder portion 31 via a gripping drive cylinder 33. Each cylinder 33 is actuated by receiving hydraulic pressure applied from the construction vehicle 5 to rotate the gripping member 32 to the rotation center 32a so that the gripping members 32 are integrated with each other to grip the wedge member 14 (see FIG. 3 (a)) and a grip release position (position shown in FIG. 3 (b)) that is away from the grip position and does not interfere with insertion / removal of the wedge member 14.

各把持部材３２はともに直方体形状を有するとともに互いに向き合う面３２ｂ（図３（ｂ））においてＸ方向に延びる半円柱状の凹部３２ｃを有している。また、各半円柱状の凹部３２ｃの（＋Ｘ）側端部には湾曲面に沿って溝部（図示省略）が形成されるとともに、当該溝部に対して略円形断面を有するゴム部材３２ｄが一部を対向する把持部材３２に向けて突出させた状態で嵌入されている。また、各把持部材３２の（−Ｘ）側端面にも、湾曲面の曲率半径よりも若干大きな曲率半径で溝部（図示省略）が形成されるとともに、当該溝部に対して略円形断面を有するゴム部材３２ｅが一部をシリンダ部３１に向けて突出させた状態で嵌入されている。 Each gripping member 32 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and has a semi-columnar recess 32c extending in the X direction on a surface 32b (FIG. 3B) facing each other. Further, a groove (not shown) is formed along the curved surface at the (+ X) side end of each semi-cylindrical recess 32c, and a part of the rubber member 32d having a substantially circular cross section with respect to the groove is formed. Is inserted in a state of projecting toward the gripping member 32 facing it. Also, a groove (not shown) is formed on the (−X) side end surface of each gripping member 32 with a radius of curvature slightly larger than the radius of curvature of the curved surface, and rubber having a substantially circular cross section with respect to the groove. The member 32e is inserted in a state in which a part projects toward the cylinder part 31.

上記したように把持部材３２を把持位置に位置させ、図３（ａ）に示すように、把持部材３２を互いに一体化させることでゴム部材３２ｄが第１被把持部１４ｂの周面と当接し、楔部材１４をＸ方向に摺動可能に把持するとともに、ゴム部材３２ｅがシリンダ部３１に当接する。このようにゴム部材３２ｄを介して把持部材３２により楔部材１４の第１被把持部１４ｂが把持される。そして、この把持状態でピストン３１１が楔部材１４の後端部を打撃して割岩処理を行う。このとき、ピストン３１１が楔部材１４の後端部を打撃する打撃空間ＳＰ３はシリンダ部３１、把持部材３２およびゴム部材３２ｄ、３２ｅに取り囲まれている。したがって、上記打撃時に発生する騒音が周囲に漏れるのを効果的に抑止することができる。一方、シリンダ３３の駆動によって把持部材３２を把持解除位置に位置させると、図３（ｂ）に示すように、両把持部材３２は把持位置から把持解除位置に移動して楔部材１４の打撃空間ＳＰ３からの取出および打撃空間ＳＰ３への挿入を簡単に行うことができる。 As described above, the gripping member 32 is positioned at the gripping position, and as shown in FIG. 3A, the gripping members 32 are integrated with each other so that the rubber member 32d comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the first gripped portion 14b. The wedge member 14 is slidably held in the X direction, and the rubber member 32e comes into contact with the cylinder portion 31. Thus, the first gripped portion 14b of the wedge member 14 is gripped by the gripping member 32 via the rubber member 32d. In this gripping state, the piston 311 hits the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 to perform the split rock treatment. At this time, the striking space SP3 in which the piston 311 strikes the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 is surrounded by the cylinder portion 31, the gripping member 32, and the rubber members 32d and 32e. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent noise generated at the time of hitting from leaking to the surroundings. On the other hand, when the gripping member 32 is positioned at the grip release position by driving the cylinder 33, the gripping members 32 move from the grip position to the grip release position as shown in FIG. Extraction from SP3 and insertion into striking space SP3 can be performed easily.

図４は本発明にかかる破砕方法の一実施形態を実行する際に用いられる引抜工具の内部構造を模式的に示す図であり、同図（ａ）は楔部材１４の後端部を把持して引抜処理を行う際の構成を示し、同図（ｂ）は楔部材１４の後端部の把持を解除した際の構成を示している。また、図５は引抜工具と楔部材の後端部との位置関係を模式的に示す図である。この引抜工具４は、楔部材１４の第１被把持部１４ｂおよび第２被把持部１４ｃを上方よりすっぽりと覆うようにキャップ部材４１を有している。このキャップ部材４１の（−Ｙ）側面および（＋Ｙ）側面に開口部４２、４３が設けられている。そして、開口部４２、４３に対して係合部材４４、４５がそれぞれＹ方向に進退可能に取り付けられている。係合部材４４の（＋Ｙ）側端部および係合部材４５の（−Ｙ）側端部はそれぞれ開口部４２、４３を介して凹部１４ｄ、１４ｄに進入可能となっており、図４（ｂ）に示すように、係合部材４４、４５の進入によって楔部材１４の第２被把持部１４ｃはＹ方向から挟み込まれて把持される。したがって、この把持状態のままキャップ部材４１の頂部４６に設けられるフック４７にワイヤー４８を装着し、当該ワイヤー４８をクレーン車（図示省略）によって巻き上げることで楔部材１４を上方に吊り上げて羽根部材１１、１２の間から引き抜き可能となっている。 FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the internal structure of a drawing tool used when carrying out an embodiment of the crushing method according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 5B shows the configuration when the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 is released. FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically showing the positional relationship between the drawing tool and the rear end portion of the wedge member. The extraction tool 4 has a cap member 41 so as to cover the first gripped portion 14b and the second gripped portion 14c of the wedge member 14 from above. Openings 42 and 43 are provided on the (−Y) side surface and the (+ Y) side surface of the cap member 41. And the engaging members 44 and 45 are attached with respect to the opening parts 42 and 43 so that advancing and retreating to a Y direction, respectively. The (+ Y) side end of the engagement member 44 and the (−Y) side end of the engagement member 45 can enter the recesses 14d and 14d through the openings 42 and 43, respectively, and FIG. ), The second gripped portion 14c of the wedge member 14 is sandwiched and gripped from the Y direction by the engagement members 44 and 45 entering. Therefore, the wire 48 is attached to the hook 47 provided on the top 46 of the cap member 41 in this gripped state, and the wedge member 14 is lifted upward by winding up the wire 48 by a crane car (not shown), thereby the blade member 11. , 12 can be pulled out.

次に、上記にように構成された割岩工具１、ブレーカ３および引抜工具４を用いて処理対象物２を割岩して破砕する方法について図６ないし図８を参照しつつ説明する。図６は割岩工具およびブレーカを用いた処理対象物の割岩処理を模式的に示す図である。また、図７は把持部材による楔部材の把持により楔部材の軸心とピストンの軸心とを一致させる処理を模式的に示す図である。さらに、図８は引抜工具による楔部材の引抜処理を模式的に示す図である。 Next, a method for splitting and crushing the processing object 2 using the split rock tool 1, the breaker 3 and the extraction tool 4 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the split rock processing of the processing object using the split rock tool and the breaker. FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing a process of matching the axis of the wedge member with the axis of the piston by gripping the wedge member by the grip member. Further, FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing the extraction process of the wedge member by the extraction tool.

この実施形態では、図６（ａ）に示すように、処理対象物２に内径ｄの削孔２１を（＋Ｘ）方向に形成する（削孔形成工程）。これに並行して、上記削孔２１に挿入すべき連結体（＝羽根部材１１、１２＋連結機構１３）を準備しておく（準備工程）。この準備工程では、羽根部材１１、１２は、傾斜面同士が向かい合うように羽根部材１１、１２を対向配置するとともに、コイルばね１３１、貫通孔１１ｃ、コイルばね１３２、貫通孔１２ｃおよびコイルばね１３３を貫通してボルト１３４を挿通した後、ボルト１３４の先端の雄ネジ部にナット１３５を螺合する。このとき、図６（ａ）に示すように、コイルばね１３１〜１３３の付勢力に抗いながらナット１３５をボルト１３４の頭部側に送り込んでボルト１３４とナット１３５の離間距離を距離Ｗ１０（＞ｄ）に調整することで、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの幅Ｗが削孔２１の内径ｄよりも狭くなるように調整する。なお、本実施形態では、ほぼ同一のばね特性を有するコイルばね１３１〜１３３を用いており、上記調整完了時点でのコイルばね１３１〜１３３はそれぞれ長さＷ１１〜Ｗ１３（Ｗ１１＝Ｗ１２＝Ｗ１３）を有している。もちろん、コイルばね１３１〜１３３を同一のものを用いることは必須要件ではなく、任意であり、例えばコイルばね１３１、１３３を同一とする一方でコイルばね１３２をそれらコイルばね１３１、１３３と異なるものを用いてもよい。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, a hole 21 having an inner diameter d is formed in the processing object 2 in the (+ X) direction (a hole forming step). In parallel with this, a coupling body (= blade members 11, 12 + coupling mechanism 13) to be inserted into the hole 21 is prepared (preparation step). In this preparation process, the blade members 11 and 12 are disposed so that the inclined surfaces face each other, and the coil spring 131, the through hole 11c, the coil spring 132, the through hole 12c, and the coil spring 133 are arranged. After penetrating and inserting the bolt 134, the nut 135 is screwed into the male screw portion at the tip of the bolt 134. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6A, the nut 135 is fed to the head side of the bolt 134 while resisting the urging force of the coil springs 131 to 133, and the separation distance between the bolt 134 and the nut 135 is set to a distance W10 (> d ), The width W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b is adjusted to be narrower than the inner diameter d of the hole 21. In this embodiment, coil springs 131 to 133 having substantially the same spring characteristics are used, and the coil springs 131 to 133 at the time of completion of the adjustment have lengths W11 to W13 (W11 = W12 = W13), respectively. Have. Of course, the use of the same coil springs 131 to 133 is not an essential requirement, and is optional. For example, the coil springs 131 and 133 are the same while the coil spring 132 is different from the coil springs 131 and 133. It may be used.

このように押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの幅Ｗが内径ｄ未満に調整された連結体をクレーン車などによって吊り下げ、図６（ａ）に示すように押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂを削孔２１内に挿入する。そして、フランジ部１１ａ、１２ａおよび連結機構１３が処理対象物２の表面に到達すると、クレーン車による連結体の吊り下げを解除した後、ナット１３５を緩めてボルト１３４とナット１３５の離間距離を距離Ｗ２０（＞Ｗ１０）に調整する。この調整中に、コイルばね１３２の付勢力によって押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂがそれぞれ（−Ｙ）方向および（＋Ｙ）方向に移動して押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの円弧面（押圧面）を削孔２１の内壁に当接させる（図６（ｂ））。このため、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの円弧面がぴったりと削孔２１の内壁に当接させることができる。なお、この時点におけるコイルばね１３１〜１３３の長さＷ２１〜Ｗ２３も全て同じ値であり、上記調整に伴って長さＷ２１〜Ｗ２３は挿入直前の長さＷ１１〜Ｗ１３よりも長くなっている。 The connecting body in which the widths W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b are adjusted to be less than the inner diameter d is suspended by a crane truck or the like, and the pressing portions 11b and 12b are inserted into the hole 21 as shown in FIG. To do. When the flanges 11a, 12a and the connection mechanism 13 reach the surface of the object 2 to be processed, the suspension of the connection body by the crane truck is released, and then the nut 135 is loosened to increase the distance between the bolt 134 and the nut 135 by the distance. Adjust to W20 (> W10). During this adjustment, the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are moved in the (−Y) direction and the (+ Y) direction by the biasing force of the coil spring 132, respectively, and the arc surfaces (pressing surfaces) of the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b are moved to the hole 21. It is made to contact | abut to an inner wall (FIG.6 (b)). For this reason, the circular arc surfaces of the pressing portions 11 b and 12 b can be brought into close contact with the inner wall of the hole 21. Note that the lengths W21 to W23 of the coil springs 131 to 133 at this time are all the same value, and the lengths W21 to W23 are longer than the lengths W11 to W13 immediately before insertion along with the adjustment.

こうして羽根部材１１、１２の削孔２１への挿入が完了すると、図６（ｃ）に示すように、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの間に形成される略逆三角柱形状（楔形状）の空間ＳＰ１に楔部材１４の先端部を挿入する。これによって、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの傾斜面が楔部材１４の傾斜面１４ａ（図５参照）上に位置し、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂは楔部材１４に対して相対的に摺動可能となっている。なお、このように楔部材１４の先端部を空間ＳＰ１に挿入した時点におけるコイルばね１３１〜１３３の長さＷ３１〜Ｗ３３も全て同じ値であり、しかも長さＷ２１〜Ｗ２３とほぼ同一である。 When the insertion of the blade members 11 and 12 into the hole 21 is completed in this way, as shown in FIG. 6C, the space SP1 having a substantially inverted triangular prism shape (wedge shape) formed between the pressing portions 11b and 12b. The tip of the wedge member 14 is inserted. Accordingly, the inclined surfaces of the pressing portions 11b and 12b are positioned on the inclined surface 14a (see FIG. 5) of the wedge member 14, and the pressing portions 11b and 12b can slide relative to the wedge member 14. Yes. Note that the lengths W31 to W33 of the coil springs 131 to 133 at the time when the tip end portion of the wedge member 14 is inserted into the space SP1 are all the same value, and are substantially the same as the lengths W21 to W23.

ここで、傾斜面１４ａ上での押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの摺動を円滑なものとするために、空間ＳＰ１への楔部材１４の挿入後あるいは挿入中にオイル溜り部１１ｅ、１２ｅに潤滑オイルを注入して貯留させておくのが望ましい。つまり、オイル溜り部１１ｅ、１２ｅに貯留している潤滑オイルが溝部１１ｆ、１２ｆ、１４ｅを介して先端側に供給されて摺動面全体に潤滑オイルが行き渡り、次の楔部材１４の圧入を円滑に行うことができ、また後で説明するように、押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの間、つまり空間ＳＰ１からの抜き取りも容易となる。 Here, in order to make the pressing portions 11b and 12b slide smoothly on the inclined surface 14a, lubricating oil is applied to the oil reservoir portions 11e and 12e after or during the insertion of the wedge member 14 into the space SP1. It is desirable to inject and store. That is, the lubricating oil stored in the oil reservoirs 11e and 12e is supplied to the tip side through the grooves 11f, 12f, and 14e, and the lubricating oil spreads over the entire sliding surface, so that the next wedge member 14 can be smoothly pressed. In addition, as will be described later, it is easy to extract between the pressing portions 11b and 12b, that is, from the space SP1.

現在割岩対象となっている削孔２１への連結体（＝羽根部材１１、１２＋連結機構１３）の挿入および押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの間への楔部材１４の先端部の挿入が完了すると、オペレータは図３（ｂ）に示すように把持部材３２が把持解除位置に位置していることを確認した後、ピストン３１１が上記楔部材１４の後端部の直上位置に位置するようにブレーカ３を位置決めする。このとき、図７（ａ）に示すように、ＸＹ平面と直交する平面内で楔部材１４が傾いてセットされ、その結果、楔部材１４の後端部から先端部に延びる軸線Ａ１がピストン３１１の軸線Ａ３に対して傾斜していることがある。この状態のままピストン３１１による打撃を楔部材１４に加えようとしても、打撃力が確実に楔部材１４に伝達されてない、あるいは空打ちとなってしまうこともある。しかしながら、本実施形態では、上記したブレーカ３の位置決め後に、シリンダ３３により各把持部材３２が把持解除位置から把持位置に移動して楔部材１４の第１被把持部１４ｂを把持する（把持モード）。この実施形態では、把持部材３２の傾き方向と把持部材３２の移動方向とはいずれもＸＹ平面に対して垂直な方向（図３および図７の紙面における左右方向）であるため、図３（ｂ）に示すように把持位置への把持部材３２の移動中に楔部材１４の傾きが補正され、最終的に軸線Ａ１と軸線Ａ３とは一致し、図６（ｄ）に示すようにピストン３１１の前進位置に楔部材１４の後端部が位置してピストン３１１により楔部材１４の後端部を確実に打撃することができる。 When the insertion of the connecting body (= blade members 11, 12 + connecting mechanism 13) into the drilling hole 21 currently targeted for the split rock and the insertion of the tip of the wedge member 14 between the pressing portions 11b, 12b are completed, the operator As shown in FIG. 3B, after confirming that the gripping member 32 is positioned at the gripping release position, the breaker 3 is moved so that the piston 311 is positioned immediately above the rear end of the wedge member 14. Position. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7A, the wedge member 14 is tilted and set in a plane orthogonal to the XY plane. As a result, the axis A1 extending from the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 to the front end portion is set to the piston 311. May be inclined with respect to the axis A3. Even if striking by the piston 311 is applied to the wedge member 14 in this state, the striking force may not be reliably transmitted to the wedge member 14 or may be lost. However, in this embodiment, after the breaker 3 is positioned, each gripping member 32 is moved from the gripping release position to the gripping position by the cylinder 33 and grips the first gripped portion 14b of the wedge member 14 (gripping mode). . In this embodiment, since the tilting direction of the gripping member 32 and the moving direction of the gripping member 32 are both directions perpendicular to the XY plane (the left-right direction in the plane of FIG. 3 and FIG. 7), FIG. ), The inclination of the wedge member 14 is corrected during the movement of the gripping member 32 to the gripping position. Finally, the axis A1 and the axis A3 coincide with each other, and as shown in FIG. The rear end portion of the wedge member 14 is positioned at the advanced position, and the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 can be reliably hit by the piston 311.

こうしてピストン３１１による打撃を受けた楔部材１４が削孔形成方向Ｘに圧入される。一方、羽根部材１１、１２は楔部材１４の傾斜面１４ａに対して相対的に摺動しながらそれぞれ（−Ｙ）方向および（＋Ｙ）方向に移動して削孔２１の内壁を押圧する。これによって、処理対象物２が割岩されて削孔２１の周囲が破砕される。また、羽根部材１１、１２のＹ方向移動に伴ってコイルばね１３２の長さＷ４２は圧入前の長さＷ３２よりも長くなるのに対し、他のコイルばね１３１、１３３の長さＷ４１、Ｗ４３は圧入前の長さＷ３１、Ｗ３３よりも短くなる。このような破砕処理を、ブレーカ３をＸ方向に移動させながら継続させて破砕範囲を（＋Ｘ）方向に広げていく。その後で、ピストン３１１の前後移動を停止させるのに続いてシリンダ３３により各把持部材３２を把持位置から把持解除位置に移動させて楔部材１４の把持を解除する（解除モード）。さらに、ブレーカ３を楔部材１４から離す。 Thus, the wedge member 14 that has been hit by the piston 311 is press-fitted in the hole forming direction X. On the other hand, the blade members 11 and 12 move in the (−Y) direction and the (+ Y) direction while sliding relative to the inclined surface 14 a of the wedge member 14, respectively, and press the inner wall of the hole 21. As a result, the processing object 2 is split and the periphery of the drilling hole 21 is crushed. Further, as the blade members 11 and 12 move in the Y direction, the length W42 of the coil spring 132 becomes longer than the length W32 before press-fitting, whereas the lengths W41 and W43 of the other coil springs 131 and 133 are It becomes shorter than the lengths W31 and W33 before press-fitting. Such crushing processing is continued while moving the breaker 3 in the X direction, and the crushing range is expanded in the (+ X) direction. Thereafter, after stopping the back and forth movement of the piston 311, each gripping member 32 is moved from the gripping position to the gripping release position by the cylinder 33 to release the gripping of the wedge member 14 (release mode). Further, the breaker 3 is separated from the wedge member 14.

次に、図８（ａ）に示すように、クレーン車（図示省略）に吊り下げられた引抜工具４を楔部材１４の後端部に移動させ、楔部材１４の第１被把持部１４ｂおよび第２被把持部１４ｃを上方よりキャップ部材４１ですっぽりと覆う。そして、係合部材４４の（＋Ｙ）側端部および係合部材４５の（−Ｙ）側端部を凹部１４ｄ、１４ｄに進入させて楔部材１４の第２被把持部１４ｃをＹ方向から挟み込んで把持する（図８（ｂ））。これによって、楔部材１４のみが引抜工具４に保持される。その状態のままクレーン車により引抜工具４を引き上げることで、引抜工具４とともに楔部材１４が羽根部材１１、１２の間から引き抜かれる。したがって、破砕処理の終了段階では楔部材１４と羽根部材１１、１２とが比較的強固に密着しているものの、引抜工具４を用いることで上記密着力に打ち勝って楔部材１４を削孔２１から容易に回収することができる。なお、楔部材１４が引き抜かれることで羽根部材１１、１２が削孔２１の内壁に与える押圧力がなくなり、しかも削孔２１の周囲はすでに破砕されているため、連結体（＝羽根部材１１、１２＋連結機構１３）を一体的に処理対象物２から回収することができる。もちろん、ナット１３５をボルト１３４の頭部側に送り込んで押圧部１１ｂ、１２ｂの幅Ｗを内径ｄ未満に調整した後で連結体を回収するようにしてもよく、これによって、より円滑な回収が可能となる。 Next, as shown in FIG. 8A, the extraction tool 4 suspended from a crane vehicle (not shown) is moved to the rear end portion of the wedge member 14, and the first gripped portion 14b of the wedge member 14 and The second gripped portion 14c is covered with the cap member 41 from above. Then, the (+ Y) side end portion of the engagement member 44 and the (−Y) side end portion of the engagement member 45 are made to enter the recesses 14d and 14d, and the second gripped portion 14c of the wedge member 14 is sandwiched from the Y direction. (Fig. 8 (b)). As a result, only the wedge member 14 is held by the extraction tool 4. In this state, the wedge member 14 is pulled out from the blade members 11 and 12 together with the pulling tool 4 by pulling up the pulling tool 4 with a crane truck. Therefore, although the wedge member 14 and the blade members 11 and 12 are relatively firmly in close contact with each other at the end of the crushing process, the wedge member 14 can be removed from the hole 21 by overcoming the contact force by using the extraction tool 4. It can be easily recovered. Since the wedge member 14 is pulled out, there is no pressing force applied to the inner wall of the hole 21 by the blade members 11 and 12, and the periphery of the hole 21 has already been crushed. 12+ coupling mechanism 13) can be recovered from the object to be treated 2 in one piece. Of course, the coupling body may be recovered after the nut 135 is fed to the head side of the bolt 134 and the width W of the pressing portions 11b and 12b is adjusted to be less than the inner diameter d. It becomes possible.

以上のように、２つの羽根部材１１、１２が連結機構１３によって相互に連結されているため、割岩処理前に２つの羽根部材１１、１２を一括して削孔２２１に挿入することができ、また割岩処理後においても２つの羽根部材１１、１２を一括して回収することができる。その結果、処理対象物２を効率的に割岩することができる。 As described above, since the two blade members 11 and 12 are connected to each other by the connecting mechanism 13, the two blade members 11 and 12 can be collectively inserted into the drilling hole 221 before the split rock treatment. Moreover, the two blade members 11 and 12 can be collected in a lump after the split rock treatment. As a result, the processing object 2 can be efficiently divided.

なお、本発明は上記した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて上述したもの以外に種々の変更を行うことが可能である。例えば上記実施形態では、１つの削孔２１に対して上記工程（２）〜（６）を連続的に実行しているが、それらの工程の全部あるいは一部を並行して行ってもよい。例えば図９に示すように、複数の削孔２１を形成するとともに割岩工具１を５セット準備しておき、以下の工程を並行して行ってもよい。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications other than those described above can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the above steps (2) to (6) are continuously executed for one drilling hole 21, but all or a part of these steps may be performed in parallel. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of drill holes 21 may be formed and five sets of the split rock tool 1 may be prepared, and the following steps may be performed in parallel.

・最前列の左から１番目の削孔２１ａに羽根部材１１、１２（連結機構１３の図示を省略）を挿入する、
・最前列の左から２番目の削孔２１ｂに挿入された羽根部材１１、１２の間に楔部材１４の先端部を挿入する、
・最前列の左から３番目の削孔２１ｃについて、上記楔部材１４の後端部をブレーカ３（図１、図３）のピストンで打撃して楔部材１４の先端部を圧入することで割岩する、
・最前列の左から４番目の削孔２１ｄに挿入された楔部材１４の後端部からブレーカ３を取り外す、
・最前列の左から５番目の削孔２１ｅに挿入された楔部材１４の後端部に引抜工具４をセットし、引抜工具４を用いて楔部材１４を引き抜いた後で羽根部材１１、１２を回収する、
という工程を並行して行うことで、破砕処理の効率をさらに高めることができる。 -Insert the blade members 11 and 12 (illustration of the coupling mechanism 13 is omitted) into the first drilling hole 21a from the left in the front row,
-Insert the tip of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12 inserted in the second drilling hole 21b from the left in the front row,
-For the third drilling hole 21c from the left in the front row, the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 is hit with the piston of the breaker 3 (FIGS. 1 and 3), and the front end portion of the wedge member 14 is press-fitted, thereby dividing the rock. To
The breaker 3 is removed from the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 inserted into the fourth drilling hole 21d from the left in the front row,
The blade member 11, 12 is set after the extraction tool 4 is set at the rear end portion of the wedge member 14 inserted into the fifth drilling hole 21 e from the left in the front row and the wedge member 14 is extracted by using the extraction tool 4. Recover,
By performing these processes in parallel, the efficiency of the crushing process can be further increased.

また、列状に設けられた複数の削孔２１の各々に羽根部材１１、１２を挿入するとともに羽根部材１１、１２の間に楔部材１４の先端部を挿入した後で、列状に並ぶ楔部材１４のうち一方端の楔部材１４から順番に他方端側に向けてブレーカ３を移動させながら当該移動毎に、把持部材３２による楔部材１４の把持、当該楔部材１４の打撃および把持部材３２による把持の解除を行って広範囲にわたる破砕作業を行ってもよい。 In addition, after inserting the blade members 11 and 12 into each of the plurality of drilling holes 21 provided in a row and inserting the tip of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12, the wedges arranged in a row While moving the breaker 3 in order from the wedge member 14 at one end of the member 14 toward the other end side, the wedge member 14 is gripped by the gripping member 32, the wedge member 14 is hit, and the gripping member 32. A wide range of crushing operations may be performed by releasing the gripping.

また、上記実施形態では、２枚の羽根部材１１、１２を含む割岩工具１を用いて岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物２を割岩して破砕する技術に本発明を適用しているが、羽根部材の枚数は「２」に限定されるものではなく、３以上の場合も同様である。また、羽根部材の構成についても任意であり、複数の羽根部材の間に楔部材の先端部を圧入することにより各羽根部材を削孔の内壁に押し付けて割岩する技術、例えば特許第４９６１５７４号、特許第５０３４００１号などにも適用することができる。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, this invention is applied to the technique which uses the split rock tool 1 containing the two blade members 11 and 12 and breaks and crushes the process target objects 2, such as a rock, a rock, and a concrete structure. However, the number of blade members is not limited to “2”, and the same applies to the case of 3 or more. In addition, the configuration of the blade member is also arbitrary, and a technique of pressing each blade member against the inner wall of the drilling hole by press-fitting the tip of the wedge member between the plurality of blade members, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4951574, This can also be applied to Japanese Patent No. 5033401.

また、上記実施形態では、付勢部材としてコイルばねを用いているが、その他の付勢手段、例えば弾性ゴムを用いてもよい。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the coil spring is used as an urging member, you may use another urging means, for example, elastic rubber.

また、上記実施形態では、羽根部材１１、１２の間に楔部材１４の先端部を挿入した後で把持部材３２により楔部材１４の後端部を把持しているが、楔部材をブレーカに装着した状態で当該楔部材の先端部を羽根部材の間に挿入し、さらに圧入するように構成してもよい。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, after inserting the front-end | tip part of the wedge member 14 between the blade members 11 and 12, the wedge member 14 is hold | gripped by the holding member 32, However, A wedge member is mounted | worn with a breaker In this state, the tip of the wedge member may be inserted between the blade members and further press-fitted.

また、上記実施形態では、ナット１３５によって削孔２１の径方向（Ｙ方向）における羽根部材１１、１２の位置を調整しているが、両端部に雄ネジ部が形成されたシャフト部材をボルト１３４の代わりに設け、各雄ネジ部にナットを螺合させて羽根部材１１、１２の位置を調整するように構成してもよい。 Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the position of the blade members 11 and 12 in the radial direction (Y direction) of the drilling hole 21 is adjusted with the nut 135, the shaft member in which the external thread part was formed in the both ends is used as the volt | bolt 134. Instead of this, it may be configured to adjust the position of the blade members 11 and 12 by screwing a nut into each male screw portion.

以上説明したように、上記実施形態では、コイルばね１３１〜１３３、ボルト１３４およびナット１３５により削孔２１の径方向（Ｙ方向）における羽根部材１１、１２の位置関係を調整可能となっており、本発明の「位置調整部」として機能している。 As described above, in the above embodiment, the positional relationship between the blade members 11 and 12 in the radial direction (Y direction) of the hole 21 can be adjusted by the coil springs 131 to 133, the bolt 134, and the nut 135. It functions as the “position adjustment unit” of the present invention.

この発明は、岩盤、岩石、コンクリート構造物などの処理対象物に形成される削孔に対して複数の羽根部材を挿入するとともにそれらの羽根部材の間に先細り形状を有する楔部材の先端部を圧入することで羽根部材を削孔の内壁に押圧させて割岩する技術全般に適用することができる。 In the present invention, a plurality of blade members are inserted into a drilling hole formed in a processing object such as a rock mass, a rock, or a concrete structure, and a tip portion of a wedge member having a tapered shape is provided between the blade members. By press-fitting, the blade member can be pressed against the inner wall of the drilling hole, and can be applied to all techniques for splitting rocks.

１…割岩工具
２…処理対象物
１１，１２…羽根部材
１１ｂ，１２ｂ…押圧部
１３…連結機構
１４…楔部材
１４ａ…（楔部材の）傾斜面
２１，２１ａ〜２１ｅ…削孔
３２…把持部材
１３１〜１３３…コイルばね
１３４…ボルト
１３５…ナット
３１１…ピストン
Ａ１…軸線
Ａ３…軸線
Ｘ…削孔形成方向，前後方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Split rock tool 2 ... Processing object 11, 12 ... Blade member 11b, 12b ... Pressing part 13 ... Connection mechanism 14 ... Wedge member 14a ... (Wedge member) inclined surface 21, 21a-21e ... Drilling hole 32 ... Gripping member 131-133 ... Coil spring 134 ... Bolt 135 ... Nut 311 ... Piston A1 ... Axis A3 ... Axis X ... Drilling hole forming direction, front-rear direction

この発明の一の態様は、先細り形状を有し、処理対象物に形成された削孔に対して先端部を挿脱可能な楔部材と、前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して摺動可能に設けられ、前記削孔への前記楔部材の挿入に伴い前記傾斜面上を相対的に摺動しながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動して前記削孔の内壁を押圧する、複数の羽根部材と、前記傾斜面同士が向かい合う状態で前記複数の羽根部材を前記削孔の径方向に移動可能に相互に連結し、連結された前記複数の羽根部材を前記楔部材から独立して前記削孔に一括して挿入するとともに前記削孔から一括して抜脱することを可能とする連結機構とを備えることを特徴としている。 One aspect of the present invention is a wedge member that has a tapered shape and can be inserted into and removed from a drilled hole formed in an object to be processed, and an inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member. The inner wall of the hole is moved by moving radially outward of the hole while relatively sliding on the inclined surface as the wedge member is inserted into the hole. The plurality of blade members to be pressed are connected to each other so that the inclined surfaces face each other so that the plurality of blade members can move in the radial direction of the drilling hole, and the plurality of blade members connected to each other are connected to the wedge member And a connecting mechanism that enables the simultaneous insertion into the hole and the removal of the hole from the hole .

この発明の一の態様は、先細り形状を有し、処理対象物に形成された削孔に対して先端部を挿脱可能な楔部材と、前記楔部材の先端部に形成される傾斜面に対して摺動可能に設けられ、前記削孔への前記楔部材の挿入に伴い前記傾斜面上を相対的に摺動しながら前記削孔の径方向外側に移動して前記削孔の内壁を押圧する、複数の羽根部材と、前記傾斜面同士が向かい合う状態で前記複数の羽根部材を前記削孔の径方向に移動可能に相互に連結し、連結された前記複数の羽根部材を前記楔部材から独立して前記削孔に一括して挿入するとともに前記削孔から一括して抜脱することを可能とする連結機構とを備え、前記複数の羽根部材として、前記楔部材を挟んで互いに対向配置される第１羽根部材および第２羽根部材が設けられ、前記連結機構は、前記第１羽根部材および前記第２羽根部材を前記削孔の径方向に移動可能にガイドするガイド部と、前記径方向における前記第１羽根部材および前記第２羽根部材の位置を調整する位置調整部とを備えることを特徴としている。 One aspect of the present invention is a wedge member that has a tapered shape and can be inserted into and removed from a drilled hole formed in an object to be processed, and an inclined surface formed at the tip of the wedge member. The inner wall of the hole is moved by moving radially outward of the hole while relatively sliding on the inclined surface as the wedge member is inserted into the hole. The plurality of blade members to be pressed are connected to each other so that the inclined surfaces face each other so that the plurality of blade members can move in the radial direction of the drilling hole, and the plurality of blade members connected to each other are connected to the wedge member And a coupling mechanism that allows the holes to be collectively inserted into and removed from the drilling holes independently of each other, and the plurality of blade members are opposed to each other with the wedge members interposed therebetween. A first blade member and a second blade member to be disposed; Adjusts the position of the first blade member and the second blade member in the radial direction, and a guide portion that guides the first blade member and the second blade member to be movable in the radial direction of the drilling hole. And a position adjustment unit .

Claims

A wedge member having a tapered shape, the tip of which can be inserted into and removed from a hole formed in the object to be processed;
It is provided so as to be slidable with respect to the inclined surface formed at the front end portion of the wedge member, and slides on the inclined surface while relatively sliding on the inclined surface as the wedge member is inserted into the hole. A plurality of blade members that move radially outward to press the inner wall of the hole,
A split rock tool comprising: a coupling mechanism that is arranged so as to sandwich the wedge member and interconnects the plurality of blade members so as to be movable in a radial direction of the drilling hole.

A split rock tool according to claim 1,
The connection mechanism is a split rock tool provided on a rear end side of the plurality of blade members.

A split rock tool according to claim 1 or 2,
A split rock tool provided with a first blade member and a second blade member which are arranged to face each other with the wedge member interposed therebetween as the plurality of blade members.

A split rock tool according to claim 3,
The coupling mechanism includes a guide portion that guides the first blade member and the second blade member so as to be movable in a radial direction of the hole, and positions of the first blade member and the second blade member in the radial direction. A split rock tool comprising a position adjustment unit for adjusting the position.

A split rock tool according to claim 4,
The position adjusting unit is
A first biasing member that biases the first blade member and the second blade member to be spaced apart from each other in the radial direction;
A first regulating member that regulates movement of the first blade member in a first direction opposite to the second blade member in the radial direction;
A second regulating member that regulates movement of the second blade member in a second direction opposite to the first blade member in the radial direction;
At least one of the first restricting member and the second restricting member can be displaced in the radial direction, and the radial position of the first blade member and the second blade member can be determined by the displacement in the radial direction. A split rock tool that can be changed.

A split rock tool according to claim 5,
The position adjusting unit is
A second urging member disposed between the first restricting member and the first blade member and urging the first blade member in the second direction with respect to the first restricting member;
A split rock tool having a third biasing member disposed between the second restriction member and the second blade member and biasing the second blade member in the first direction with respect to the second restriction member. .

A step of preparing the split rock tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
Inserting the plurality of blade members connected to each other by the connection mechanism into the drilling hole;
The tip of the wedge member is inserted between the plurality of blade members inserted into the hole, and the wedge member is used as the hole while sliding the inclined surface of the wedge member against the blade members. A crushing method comprising: press-fitting and crushing the periphery of the hole.