JP2016190381A - Three-dimensionally shaped article manufacturing apparatus and three-dimensionally shaped article - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-dimensionally shaped article manufacturing apparatus capable of manufacturing three-dimensionally shaped articles excellent in dimensional accuracy, and three-dimensionally shaped articles with high reliability.SOLUTION: A three-dimensionally shaped article manufacturing apparatus 100 manufactures a three-dimensionally shaped article by stacking a layer 1, comprising: supply means 11 for supplying a three-dimensional shaping composition containing particles and a solvent; a supply region 12 to which the three-dimensional shaping composition is supplied by the supply means 11 ; a shaping stage 102 using the three-dimensional shaping composition supplied to the supply region 12 to form the layer 1; and cleaning means 18 for cleaning the supply region 12. The cleaning means 18 preferably includes a wiping member for wiping the supply region 12.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus and a three-dimensional structure.

  A manufacturing method of a three-dimensional structure that forms a three-dimensional object while solidifying a powder with a binding liquid is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this manufacturing method, a three-dimensional object is formed by repeating the following operation. First, the powder is thinly spread with a blade to form a powder layer, and the powder is bonded to each other by discharging a binding liquid to a desired portion of the powder layer. As a result, in the powder layer, only the portion where the binding liquid is discharged is bonded to form a thin plate-like member (hereinafter referred to as “unit layer”). Thereafter, a thin powder layer is formed on the powder layer, and the binding liquid is discharged to a desired portion. As a result, a new unit layer is also formed in the part of the newly formed powder layer where the binding liquid has been discharged. At this time, since the binding liquid discharged onto the powder layer soaks and reaches the previously formed unit layer, the newly formed unit layer is also bonded to the previously formed unit layer. A three-dimensional object can be modeled by repeating such operations and laminating thin plate-like unit layers one by one.

  With such 3D modeling technology, as long as there is 3D shape data of the object to be modeled, it is possible to immediately model by combining powder, and there is no need to create a mold prior to modeling. It is possible to form a three-dimensional object quickly and inexpensively. In addition, since thin plate-like unit layers are stacked and modeled one by one, for example, even a complex object having an internal structure can be formed as an integrated model without dividing it into a plurality of parts. .

  By the way, in the manufacturing method of the conventional three-dimensional structure, since the binding liquid is discharged to the powder layer composed of the powder, there is a problem that a part of the powder is scattered by the landing of the binding liquid. .

  In order to prevent such powder scattering, attempts have been made to use paste materials containing powder and liquid components (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, in a manufacturing apparatus using a paste material containing a liquid component, there is a problem that the paste material adheres and solidifies in a supply region for supplying the paste material. The adhered / solidified paste may cause streaks or the like in the formation of the layer, which may hinder uniform layer formation.

JP 2001-150556 A JP 2011-245712 A

  The objective of this invention is providing the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus which can manufacture the three-dimensional structure excellent in dimensional accuracy, and providing a reliable three-dimensional structure.

Such an object is achieved by the present invention described below.
The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure by laminating layers,
Supply means for supplying a three-dimensional modeling composition containing particles and a solvent;
A supply region to which the composition for three-dimensional modeling is supplied by the supply means;
Using the three-dimensional modeling composition supplied to the supply region, a modeling stage on which the layer is formed,
Cleaning means for cleaning the supply area.
Thereby, the three-dimensional structure excellent in dimensional accuracy can be manufactured.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention, it is preferable that the said cleaning means has a wiping member.

  Thereby, solid content of the composition for three-dimensional modeling adhering to a supply area | region can be removed more reliably.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the cleaning unit has a scraping member.

  Thereby, solid content of the composition for three-dimensional modeling adhering to a supply area | region can be removed more reliably.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the cleaning unit includes a cleaning liquid applying unit that applies a cleaning liquid that removes a solid content of the three-dimensional modeling composition attached to the supply region.

  Thereby, solid content of the composition for three-dimensional modeling adhering to a supply area | region can be removed more reliably.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the cleaning liquid applying unit applies the cleaning liquid to the supply region.

  Thereby, solid content of the composition for three-dimensional modeling attached to the supply area | region can be removed more efficiently.

In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the cleaning means has a wiping member,
It is preferable that the cleaning liquid applying unit applies the cleaning liquid to the wiping member.

  Thereby, solid content of the composition for three-dimensional modeling attached to the supply area | region can be removed more efficiently.

In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, after forming the layer using the three-dimensional structure forming composition supplied to the supply region,
It is preferable to switch the supply surface of the supply area to a new supply surface.
Thereby, the productivity of the three-dimensional structure is improved.

The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
Thereby, a highly reliable three-dimensional structure can be provided.

It is the top view which planarly viewed suitable embodiment of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention from the top. It is a side view of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. It is the side view seen from the right side of FIG. 2 which shows 1st Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is the side view seen from the left side of FIG. 1 which shows 2nd Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is the side view seen from the right side of FIG. 2 which shows 3rd Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is the side view seen from the left side of FIG. 1 which shows 4th Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. It is the side view seen from the right side of FIG. 2 which shows 5th Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1. 1st Embodiment of a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus Next, suitable embodiment of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention is described.

  FIG. 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention viewed from above, FIG. 2 is a side view of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a side view which shows 1st Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of invention.

  The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 is an apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional structure by laminating the layers 1 formed using a three-dimensional structure forming composition including particles and a solvent.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 includes a modeling unit 10 on which a three-dimensional structure is formed, a supply unit 11 that supplies a composition for three-dimensional modeling, and a supply unit 11. A supply region 12 to which the three-dimensional modeling composition is supplied, and a squeegee (layer forming means) 13 that forms the layer 1 of the three-dimensional modeling composition on the modeling unit 10 using the supplied three-dimensional modeling composition. And a recovery unit 14 that recovers an excess composition for three-dimensional modeling when the layer 1 is formed, a heating unit 15 that heats the layer 1, and a binding liquid that binds particles to the layer 1. The discharge unit 16 includes an ultraviolet irradiation unit 17 that irradiates the layer 1 with ultraviolet rays, and a cleaning unit 18 that cleans the supply region 12.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the modeling unit 10 includes a frame body 101 and a modeling stage 102 provided inside the frame body 101.
The frame body 101 is composed of a frame-shaped member.

The modeling stage 102 has a rectangular shape on the XY plane.
The modeling stage 102 is configured to move (lift) in the Z-axis direction by a driving unit (not shown).

The layer 1 is formed in a region formed by the inner wall surface of the frame body 101 and the modeling stage 102.
The modeling unit 10 can be driven in the X-axis direction by a driving unit (not shown).

  Then, when the modeling unit 10 moves to the X-axis direction, that is, to a drawing region of the discharge unit 16 described later, the binding liquid is discharged to the layer 1 by the discharge unit 16.

The supply unit 11 has a function of supplying the three-dimensional modeling composition to the supply region 12.
In the present embodiment, the supply means 11 can be driven in the X-axis direction, and is configured to supply the three-dimensional modeling composition to the supply region 12 while moving in the X-axis direction.

  The supply region 12 has a long rectangular shape in the X-axis direction, and is provided so as to be in contact with one side of the frame body 101. The supply region 12 is provided so as to be flush with the upper surface of the frame body 101.

  The composition for three-dimensional modeling supplied to the supply region 12 is conveyed to the modeling stage 102 by the squeegee 13 described later, and forms the layer 1.

  The squeegee (layer forming means) 13 has a long plate shape in the X-axis direction. Further, the squeegee 13 is configured to be driven in the Y-axis direction by a driving unit (not shown). Further, the squeegee 13 is configured such that the tip in the short axis direction contacts the upper surface of the frame body 101 and the supply region 12 when moving in the Y axis direction.

  The squeegee 13 conveys the three-dimensional modeling composition supplied to the supply region 12 to the modeling stage 102 while moving in the Y-axis direction, and forms the layer 1 on the modeling stage 102.

  In the present embodiment, the moving direction of the squeegee 13 and the moving direction of the modeling unit 10 are configured to intersect (orthogonal). By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to prepare for the formation of the next layer 1 when the discharge of the binding liquid by the discharge unit 16, and to improve the production efficiency of the three-dimensional structure. Can do.

  The collection unit 14 is a box-shaped member whose upper surface is open, and is provided separately from the modeling unit 10. The collection unit 14 has a function of collecting the composition for three-dimensional modeling that has become excessive due to the formation of the layer 1.

  The collection unit 14 is in contact with the frame body 101 and is provided to face the supply region 12 through the frame body 101.

  The surplus composition for three-dimensional modeling carried by the squeegee 13 is recovered by the recovery unit 14, and the recovered three-dimensional modeling composition is reused.

  The heating means 15 has a function of heating the layer 1 and drying the layer 1. That is, it has a function of removing at least a part of the solvent contained in the layer 1.

  The heating means 15 is configured to move in the Y-axis direction by a driving means (not shown) to heat the layer 1.

The discharge unit 16 has a function of discharging the binding liquid to the formed layer 1.
Specifically, when the modeling unit 10 in which the layer 1 is formed on the modeling stage 102 moves in the X-axis direction and reaches the drawing area below the ejection unit 16, the coupling unit 16 is coupled to the layer 1 from the ejection unit 16. Liquid is discharged.

  The ejection unit 16 is mounted with a droplet ejection head that ejects droplets of a binding liquid by an inkjet method. Moreover, the discharge part 16 is provided with the coupling liquid supply part which is not shown in figure. In the present embodiment, a so-called piezo drive type droplet discharge head is employed.

Two ultraviolet irradiation means 17 are provided at both ends of the discharge unit 16 in the X-axis direction.
The ultraviolet irradiation means 17 has a function of curing the binding liquid in the layer 1 by irradiating the layer 1 with ultraviolet rays and bonding the particles in the layer 1 together.

  The cleaning means 18 has a function of moving onto the supply region 12 and removing and cleaning the three-dimensional modeling composition and its solid content attached to the supply region 12.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the cleaning unit 18 includes a cleaning unit main body 180, a wiping member 181 provided at a lower portion of the cleaning unit main body 180, and a cleaning liquid that applies a cleaning liquid to the wiping member 181. Giving means 1811 is provided.

  The cleaning unit main body 180 is configured to move in the Y-axis direction by a driving unit (not shown) and move onto the supply region 12.

Moreover, the cleaning means main body 180 is provided with a wiping member 181 at a lower portion thereof.
In the cleaning means main body 180, driving means for driving the wiping member 181 in the X-axis direction is provided.

  The wiping member 181 is a block-like member, and is configured to be driven in the X-axis direction by a driving unit provided inside the cleaning unit main body 180 in a state where the cleaning unit 18 has moved to the upper side of the supply region 12 and stopped. ing. The lower surface of the wiping member 181 is configured to slide with respect to the upper surface of the supply region 12.

  The wiping member 181 is made of, for example, a fibrous porous material. Examples of the fibrous porous material include woven and knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, papers, aggregates of short fibers, and the like. Here, the woven or knitted fabric includes woven fabric, knitted fabric or the like. When using a nonwoven fabric, the fiber packing density (bulk density) and the like are not particularly limited. The cloth easily absorbs the material that comes into contact with the surface thereof, and can strengthen the action of absorbing and removing the three-dimensional structure forming composition adhered to the supply region 12 and its solid content. As paper, normal paper (Western paper, Japanese paper) and various synthetic papers can be used.

  The cleaning liquid applying unit 1811 has a function of applying a cleaning liquid to the wiping member 181.

  Examples of the cleaning liquid include volatile solvents such as water and alcohol, solvents contained in the composition for three-dimensional modeling, and liquid materials such as various oils. If necessary, other additives such as a surfactant and a humectant may be added. Thereby, a cleaning effect can be made higher.

  In the above description, the case where the squeegee 13 is used as the layer forming unit has been described. However, the squeegee 13 is not limited, and a roller may be used, for example.

  Further, the recovery unit 14 may be provided with a removing means for removing the three-dimensional modeling composition attached to the squeegee 13. As the removing means, ultrasonic waves, wiping, static electricity or the like can be used.

  In the above description, the ultraviolet irradiation unit 17 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when the binder contains a thermosetting resin, it may be a heating means.

2. Second Embodiment of Three-Dimensional Model Manufacturing Apparatus Next, a second embodiment of the three-dimensional model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. In the following description, the upper side in the figure is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.

  In the following description, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the second embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the cleaning unit 18 is different from the above-described embodiment in that it has a configuration as shown in FIG. 4, and the rest is the same as the above-described embodiment. It has a configuration.

  In the present embodiment, the cleaning means 18 includes a wiping member 182 constituted by an endless belt member, a belt driving roller 183 to which a driving force of a motor (not shown) is transmitted, driven rollers 184, 185 and 186, and a wiping member. The three-dimensional modeling composition attached to 182 and the attached matter collecting unit 187 for removing and collecting the solid content thereof, and the cleaning liquid applying means 188 for applying the cleaning liquid to the wiping member 182 are provided.

  The belt driving roller 183 and the driven rollers 184, 185, and 186 are long rollers in the X-axis direction.

  The belt driving roller 183 has a function of driving in a counterclockwise direction and driving a wiping member 182 formed of a belt member.

  The driven roller 184 is provided closer to the supply region 12 than the belt driving roller 183, and is configured to rotate counterclockwise as the wiping member 182 is driven.

  The driven roller 185 is provided below the belt driving roller 183 and is configured to rotate counterclockwise with the driving of the wiping member 182.

  The driven roller 186 is provided in the vicinity of the belt driving roller 183 and is configured to rotate counterclockwise as the wiping member 182 is driven. Further, the driven roller 186 has a function of changing the direction of the wiping member 182 moving from the driven roller 184 side in the direction of the driven roller 185.

  The wiping member 182 formed of a belt member is stretched by a belt driving roller 183 and driven rollers 184, 185, and 186.

  The wiping member 182 is in contact with the supply region 12 in the vicinity of the lower side of the driven roller 184 and has a function of cleaning the surface of the supply region 12.

  The surface of the wiping member 182 on the supply region 12 side is made of a fibrous porous material. Since the fibrous porous material is the same as described above, the description thereof is omitted.

  By cleaning the surface of the supply region 12, the three-dimensional modeling composition attached to the wiping member 182 and the attached matter such as the solid content thereof are collected by the attached matter collecting unit 187.

The deposit collection part 187 is a box-shaped member having an open upper surface, and the inside thereof is filled with a three-dimensional modeling composition adhered to the wiping member 182 and a removal liquid 189 that removes the solid content thereof. . As in the configuration shown in the drawing, the composition for three-dimensional modeling, the solid content, and the like attached to the wiping member 182 can be removed by immersing the wiping member 182 in the removing liquid 189.
Examples of the removing liquid include the same cleaning liquid as described above.

A cleaning liquid application unit 188 is provided so as to face the wiping member 182 in the vicinity of the belt driving roller 183.
The cleaning liquid applying unit 188 applies a cleaning liquid to the wiping member 182.

  The cleaning means 18 as described above is driven by the belt drive roller 183, and the belt-like wiping member 182 is driven, and the surface of the wiping member 182 slides on the surface of the supply region 12. It is configured to clean the surface.

  Although the belt driving roller 183 and the driven rollers 184, 185, and 186 have been described as rotating counterclockwise, they may rotate clockwise. In this case, the position of the cleaning liquid application unit 188 is installed on the driven roller 186 side.

3. Third Embodiment of 3D Model Manufacturing Apparatus Next, a third embodiment of the 3D model manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention. In the following description, the upper side in the figure is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.

  In the following description, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the third embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the cleaning means 18 is different from the above-described embodiment in that it has a configuration as shown in FIG. 5, and the rest is the same as the above-described embodiment. It has a configuration.

In the present embodiment, the cleaning means 18 includes a scraping member 1801 that scrapes off the three-dimensional modeling composition attached to the surface of the supply region 12, its solid content, and the like, and an attached matter collection unit that collects the removed attached matter. 1802 and cleaning liquid applying means 1803 for applying a cleaning liquid to the supply region 12.
The scraping member 1801 is configured by a blade-like member that is long in the Y-axis direction.

  The tip of the scraping member 1801 in the downward direction is in contact with the surface of the supply region 12 and is attached to the surface of the supply region 12 by moving in the −X axis direction (right to left in the figure). It is comprised so that deposits, such as a composition for three-dimensional modeling and its solid content, may be scraped off.

  The attached matter collection unit 1802 is a box-like member having an upper surface opened, and has a function of collecting the attached matter scraped by the scraping member 1801.

  The cleaning liquid application unit 1803 has a function of facilitating the scraping of the deposits attached to the surface of the supply area 12 by the scraping member 1801 by applying the cleaning liquid to the supply area 12.

  In addition, although the structure which has one deposit | attachment collection | recovery part 1802 was demonstrated, you may provide two deposit | attachment collection | recovery parts 1802 in the right and left of the supply area | region 12 in FIG.

4). Next, a fourth embodiment of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 6: is a side view which shows 4th Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. In the following description, the upper side in the figure is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.

  In the following description, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the fourth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the supply region 12 and the cleaning means 18 are different from the above-described embodiment in that they are configured as shown in FIG. It has the same configuration as the form.

  In the present embodiment, the supply region 12 is composed of a plate-like member that is long in the X-axis direction, and is rotatable about the shaft 120.

  Further, on the lower side of the supply region 12, a scraping member 1801 that scrapes off the three-dimensional modeling composition and its solid content attached to the supply region 12, and an attached matter recovery unit 1802 that recovers the scraped attached matter. And are provided.

The scraping member 1801 is configured by a blade-like member that is long in the X-axis direction.
The tip in the Z-axis direction (blade tip) of the scraping member 1801 is in contact with the lower surface of the supply region 12.
The scraping member 1801 is configured to move in the Y-axis direction.

  A cleaning liquid applying unit 1803 for applying a cleaning liquid to the supply area 12 is provided below the supply area 12.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 having such a configuration, after the three-dimensional structure forming composition supplied to the supply area 12 is moved to form the layer 1, the supply area 12 is centered on the axis 120. Rotate to. As a result, the surface with no deposit is the upper side, and the surface with the deposit is the lower surface. That is, the supply surface to which the deposits are attached is switched to a new supply surface.

A new three-dimensional modeling composition is supplied to the upper surface (supply surface) to which no deposit is attached.
The lower surface to which the adhered matter has adhered is scraped off by the scraping member 1801, and the adhered matter is removed. The adhered matter scraped off is collected by the attached matter collecting unit 1802.

5. Next, a fifth embodiment of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 7: is the side view seen from the right side of FIG. 2 which shows 5th Embodiment of the cleaning means of the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus of this invention. In the following description, the upper side in the figure is referred to as “upper” or “upper”, and the lower side is referred to as “lower” or “lower”.

  In the following description, the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to the fifth embodiment will be described with a focus on differences from the above-described embodiment, and description of similar matters will be omitted.

  In the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the supply region 12 and the cleaning means 18 are different from the above-described embodiment in that they are configured as shown in FIG. It has the same configuration as the form.

  In the present embodiment, the supply region 12 includes an endless belt member 121, a belt driving roller 122, and a driven roller 123.

  The belt member 121 is configured to rotate in a clockwise direction by the rotational drive of the belt driving roller 122.

  The belt member 121 is made of a metal material. Examples of the metal material include iron, aluminum, and stainless steel.

Further, the belt member 121 may be formed of a resin belt such as polyurethane.
The belt member 121 is stretched by a belt driving roller 122 and a driven roller 123 to which a driving force of a motor (not shown) is transmitted.

  The lengths of the upper and lower belt members 121 in FIG. 7 in the X-axis direction are configured to be larger than the width of the modeling stage 102 in the X-axis direction.

  The belt driving roller 122 has a function of driving clockwise and rotating the belt member 121 clockwise.

  The driven roller 123 is configured to rotate as the belt member 121 rotates.

  In the present embodiment, the three-dimensional modeling composition is supplied to the surface of the upper belt member 121 by the supply unit 11. And it is comprised so that the composition for 3D modeling may be supplied to the X-axis direction of the supply area | region 12 with the movement of the X-axis direction (right direction) in the figure in the upper belt member 121 in the figure.

A cleaning means 18 is provided on the lower surface side of the lower belt member 121 in FIG.
The cleaning unit 18 includes a scraping member 1801, a deposit collection unit 1802, and a cleaning liquid applying unit 1803.

The scraping member 1801 is configured by a blade-like member that is long in the Y-axis direction.
The tip of the scraping member 1801 in the Z-axis direction (the tip of the blade) is in contact with the lower surface of the lower belt member 121.

  The scraping member 1801 is fixed to the lower surface side of the lower belt member 121, and is configured to scrape deposits attached to the belt member 121 by the movement of the belt member 121.

  The attached matter collection unit 1802 is a box-like member having an upper surface opened, and has a function of collecting the attached matter scraped by the scraping member 1801.

  The cleaning liquid applying unit 1803 has a function of applying a cleaning liquid to the surface of the belt member 121.

  In such a three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 100, after the three-dimensional structure forming composition supplied on the upper belt member 121 is used for forming the layer 1, the belt member 121 is rotated by the belt driving roller 122. Then, the surface of the belt member 121 with no deposits is moved upward, and the surface of the belt member 121 with deposits is moved downward. Thereby, a supply surface switches to a new supply surface.

  During this movement, the adhering matter adhering to the belt member 121 is scraped off by the scraping member 1801.

6). Next, the three-dimensional modeling composition will be described in detail.
The three-dimensional modeling composition includes a plurality of particles and a solvent.

Hereinafter, each component will be described in detail.
<Particle>
Any particles can be used as the particles, but the particles are preferably composed of porous particles (porous particles). Thereby, when manufacturing a three-dimensional structure, a binding liquid can be suitably penetrated into the pores, and as a result, it can be preferably used for manufacturing a three-dimensional structure excellent in mechanical strength. .

  Examples of the constituent material of the particles include inorganic materials, organic materials, and composites thereof.

  Examples of the inorganic material constituting the particles include various metals and metal compounds. Examples of the metal compound include various metal oxides such as silica, alumina, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zircon oxide, tin oxide, magnesium oxide, and potassium titanate; various kinds such as magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide. Metal hydroxides; various metal nitrides such as silicon nitride, titanium nitride and aluminum nitride; various metal carbides such as silicon carbide and titanium carbide; various metal sulfides such as zinc sulfide; various metals such as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate Carbonates; sulfates of various metals such as calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate; silicates of various metals such as calcium silicate and magnesium silicate; phosphates of various metals such as calcium phosphate; aluminum borate, magnesium borate, etc. And various metal borates and composites thereof.

  Examples of the organic material constituting the particles include synthetic resins and natural polymers. More specifically, polyethylene resin; polypropylene; polyethylene oxide; polypropylene oxide, polyethyleneimine; polystyrene; polyurethane; polyurea; Silicone resin; acrylic silicone resin; polymer having (meth) acrylic acid ester such as polymethyl methacrylate as a constituent monomer; cross polymer having ethylene (meth) acrylate ester such as methyl methacrylate crosspolymer (ethylene acrylic) Acid copolymer resins, etc.); polyamide resins such as nylon 12, nylon 6, copolymer nylon; polyimide; carboxymethyl cellulose; gelatin; starch; chitin;

  The average particle diameter of the particles is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 μm or more and 25 μm or less, and more preferably 1 μm or more and 15 μm or less. As a result, the mechanical strength of the three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent, and the occurrence of unintentional irregularities in the produced three-dimensional structure can be more effectively prevented, and the three-dimensional structure can be prevented. The dimensional accuracy can be made particularly excellent. In addition, the fluidity of the powder for three-dimensional modeling, the fluidity of the composition for three-dimensional modeling including the powder for three-dimensional modeling are particularly excellent, and the productivity of the three-dimensional modeling is particularly excellent. it can. In the present invention, the average particle diameter means a volume-based average particle diameter. For example, a dispersion obtained by adding a sample to methanol and dispersing for 3 minutes with an ultrasonic disperser (Coulter counter method particle size distribution analyzer ( It can be determined by measuring with a 50 μm aperture using COULTER ELECTRONICS INS TA-II type).

  The Dmax of the particles is preferably 3 μm or more and 40 μm or less, and more preferably 5 μm or more and 30 μm or less. As a result, the mechanical strength of the three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent, and the occurrence of unintentional irregularities in the produced three-dimensional structure can be more effectively prevented, and the three-dimensional structure can be prevented. The dimensional accuracy can be made particularly excellent. In addition, the fluidity of the powder for three-dimensional modeling, the fluidity of the composition for three-dimensional modeling including the powder for three-dimensional modeling are particularly excellent, and the productivity of the three-dimensional modeling is particularly excellent. it can.

The content of the three-dimensional modeling powder in the three-dimensional modeling composition is preferably 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, and more preferably 15% by mass or more and 58% by mass or less. The particles may be porous, the range of the bulk density of approximately 0.1g ^/ cm ³ ~1.0g ^/ cm 3 is suitably in the ^range of 0.15g / cm ³ ~0.5g / cm 3 A porous powder is more preferable. Thereby, the mechanical strength of the finally obtained three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent while the fluidity of the composition for three-dimensional structure is sufficiently excellent.

≪Solvent≫
The three-dimensional structure forming composition contains a solvent. By including a solvent, the fluidity of the composition for three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent, and the productivity of the three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent. In addition, the inclusion of the solvent can more effectively prevent the end of the layer 1 from collapsing after drying.

  Although it does not specifically limit as a solvent which comprises the composition for three-dimensional modeling, It is preferable to use an aqueous solvent. The aqueous solvent is composed of water and / or a liquid having excellent compatibility with water, but is preferably composed mainly of water, and particularly the water content is 70 wt% or more. It is preferable that it is 90 wt% or more. Thereby, the water-soluble resin can be more reliably dissolved, and the fluidity of the three-dimensional modeling composition and the uniformity of the composition of the layer 1 formed using the three-dimensional modeling composition are particularly excellent. It can be. Moreover, water is easy to remove after the formation of the layer 1, and even when it remains in the three-dimensional structure, it is difficult to adversely affect water. Moreover, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of safety to the human body and environmental problems.

  The content of the solvent in the three-dimensional modeling composition is preferably 5% by mass or more and 75% by mass or less, and more preferably 35% by mass or more and 70% by mass or less. As a result, the effects of including the solvent as described above are more remarkably exhibited, and the solvent can be easily removed in a short time during the manufacturing process of the three-dimensional structure. This is advantageous from the viewpoint of improving the performance.

  In particular, when the three-dimensional modeling composition contains water as a solvent, the content of water in the three-dimensional modeling composition is preferably 20% by mass to 73% by mass, and more preferably 50% by mass to 70% by mass. It is more preferable that the amount is not more than mass%. Thereby, the effects as described above are more remarkably exhibited.

≪Water-soluble resin≫
The composition for three-dimensional modeling may include a water-soluble resin together with a plurality of particles. By including the water-soluble resin, the particles can be bonded (temporarily fixed), and the end portion of the layer 1 can be more effectively prevented from collapsing. In addition, particles can be bonded (temporarily fixed) to effectively prevent unwanted scattering of particles. Thereby, the safety | security of an operator and the improvement of the dimensional accuracy of the three-dimensional molded item manufactured can be aimed at. Further, since the water-soluble resin has high affinity with the particle surface, the particle surface can be easily coated.

  The water-soluble resin includes at least one selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylamide, and polyethyleneimine. It is preferable to use what is included. Thereby, the affinity between the water-soluble resin and the particles (hydrogen bond between the water-soluble functional group of the water-soluble resin and the hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, or amino group on the particle surface) can be made particularly high. .

≪Other ingredients≫
Further, the three-dimensional modeling composition may include components other than those described above. Examples of such components include a polymerization initiator; a polymerization accelerator; a penetration accelerator; a wetting agent (humectant); a fixing agent; an antifungal agent; an antiseptic; an antioxidant; an ultraviolet absorber; Examples include regulators.

7). Next, the binding liquid will be described in detail.

<< Binder >>
The binding liquid contains at least a binder.
The binder is a component having a function of binding particles by curing.

  Examples of the binder include various kinds of materials such as thermoplastic resins; thermosetting resins; visible light curable resins (narrowly defined photocurable resins) that are cured by light in the visible light region, ultraviolet curable resins, and infrared curable resins. Photocurable resin; X-ray curable resin and the like can be mentioned, and one or more selected from these can be used in combination. Among these, from the viewpoint of the mechanical strength of the obtained three-dimensional structure, the productivity of the three-dimensional structure, and the like, the binder is preferably a curable resin. Among various curable resins, in particular, from the viewpoint of mechanical strength of the obtained three-dimensional structure, productivity of the three-dimensional structure, storage stability of the binding liquid, etc., in particular, an ultraviolet curable resin (polymerizable compound). Is preferred.

  As the ultraviolet curable resin, a resin which is polymerized by addition polymerization or ring-opening polymerization by radical species or cationic species generated from a photopolymerization initiator by ultraviolet irradiation is preferably used. Examples of the polymerization mode of addition polymerization include radical, cation, anion, metathesis, and coordination polymerization. Examples of the ring-opening polymerization method include cation, anion, radical, metathesis, and coordination polymerization.

  The content of the binder in the binding liquid is preferably 80% by mass or more, and more preferably 85% by mass or more. Thereby, the mechanical strength of the finally obtained three-dimensional structure can be made particularly excellent.

≪Other ingredients≫
The binding liquid may contain components other than those described above. Examples of such components include various colorants such as pigments and dyes; dispersants; surfactants; polymerization initiators; polymerization accelerators; solvents; penetration enhancers; wetting agents (humectants); Examples include glazes; antiseptics; antioxidants; ultraviolet absorbers; chelating agents; pH adjusters; thickeners; fillers;

  In particular, when the binding liquid contains a colorant, a three-dimensional structure colored in a color corresponding to the color of the colorant can be obtained.

  In particular, by including a pigment as the colorant, the light resistance of the binding liquid and the three-dimensional structure can be improved. As the pigment, either an inorganic pigment or an organic pigment can be used.

  When the binding liquid contains a pigment, the average particle diameter of the pigment is preferably 300 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or more and 250 nm or less. As a result, the discharge stability of the binding liquid and the dispersion stability of the pigment in the binding liquid can be made particularly excellent, and an image with better image quality can be formed.

  Examples of the dye include acid dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes, basic dyes, and the like, and one or more selected from these can be used in combination.

Further, the viscosity of the binding liquid is preferably 7 mPa · s or more and 25 mPa · s or less, and more preferably 10 mPa · s or more and 20 mPa · s or less. Thereby, the discharge stability of the binding liquid by the ink jet method can be made particularly excellent.
Moreover, you may use multiple types of binding liquid for manufacture of a three-dimensional structure.

  For example, a binding liquid containing a colorant (color ink) and a binding liquid not containing a colorant (clear ink) may be used. Thereby, for example, on the appearance of the three-dimensional structure, a binding liquid containing a colorant is used as a binding liquid to be applied to the area that affects the color tone, and on the appearance of the three-dimensional structure, the area does not affect the color tone. A binding solution containing no colorant may be used as the binding solution to be applied. In the finally obtained three-dimensional structure, an area (coat layer) using a binding liquid not containing a colorant is provided on the outer surface of the area formed using the binding liquid containing a colorant. A plurality of types of binding liquids may be used in combination.

  Further, for example, a plurality of types of binding liquids containing different colorants may be used. Thereby, the color reproduction area which can be expressed can be made wide by the combination of these binding liquids.

  Further, by using the white (white) binding liquid in combination with other colored binding liquids, for example, the following effects can be obtained. That is, the finally obtained three-dimensional structure is provided on the outer surface side of the first region, which overlaps with the first region to which the white (white) binding liquid is applied, and the first region. And a region to which a colored binding liquid other than white is applied. Thereby, the 1st area | region to which the white (white) binding liquid was provided can exhibit concealment property, and can raise the chroma of a three-dimensional structure more.

7). Three-dimensional structure The three-dimensional structure of the present invention is manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus as described above. Thereby, a highly reliable three-dimensional structure can be provided.

  The use of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include appreciation objects / exhibits such as dolls and figures; medical devices such as implants.

  Moreover, the three-dimensional structure of the present invention may be applied to any of prototypes, mass-produced products, and custom-made products.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the recovery unit and the modeling unit are separate from each other has been described. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and the recovery unit and the modeling unit may be configured integrally. In this case, the squeegee may be formed by moving the modeling unit and the collection unit without moving.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Layer 10: Modeling part 11: Supply means 12: Supply area 13: Squeegee 14: Collection | recovery part 15: Heating means 16: Discharge part 17: Ultraviolet irradiation means 18: Cleaning means 100: Three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus 101: Frame Body 102: Modeling stage 120: Shaft 121: Belt member 122: Belt drive roller 123: Driven roller 180: Cleaning means body 181: Wiping member 182: Wiping member 183: Belt drive roller 184: Driven roller 185: Driven roller 186: Driven Roller 187: Deposited matter collecting section 188: Cleaning liquid applying means 189: Removal liquid 1801: Scraping member 1802: Deposited substance collecting section 1803: Cleaning liquid applying means 1811: Cleaning liquid applying means

Claims (8)

A three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus that manufactures a three-dimensional structure by laminating layers,
Supply means for supplying a three-dimensional modeling composition containing particles and a solvent;
A supply region to which the composition for three-dimensional modeling is supplied by the supply means;
Using the three-dimensional modeling composition supplied to the supply region, a modeling stage on which the layer is formed,
A three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus comprising: a cleaning unit that cleans the supply region.   The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning unit includes a wiping member.   The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning unit includes a scraping member.   The three-dimensional structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cleaning means includes a cleaning liquid applying means for applying a cleaning liquid for removing a solid content of the three-dimensional modeling composition attached to the supply region. manufacturing device.   The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the cleaning liquid applying unit applies the cleaning liquid to the supply region. The cleaning means has a wiping member,
The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the cleaning liquid applying unit applies the cleaning liquid to the wiping member. After forming the layer using the three-dimensional modeling composition supplied to the supply region,
The three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the supply surface of the supply region is switched to a new supply surface.   A three-dimensional structure manufactured using the three-dimensional structure manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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