JP2016183809A - Fluidized bed reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fluidized bed reactor such as a fluidized bed boiler that can suppress wear of a furnace wall.SOLUTION: A fluidized bed reactor includes a furnace wall 1 defining a reaction chamber 2, and causes reaction while a fluidizing material F is made to flow in the reaction chamber 2. The fluidized bed reactor further includes furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 for preventing the fluidizing material F from colliding with a furnace wall pipe constituting the furnace wall 1. The furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 controls a course of the fluidizing material F so that the fluidizing material F does not collide with the furnace wall pipe by supplying gas into the reaction chamber 2. Namely, since the course of the fluidizing material F is controlled so as to prevent the fluidizing material F from colliding with the furnace wall pipe by using the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7, the fluidized bed reactor inhibits the fluidizing material F from coming into contact with the furnace wall pipe, so as to enable suppression of wear of the furnace wall pipe.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor.

  Conventionally, in a reaction chamber, fuel and air are mixed with a fluid material, which is a solid substance, and burned while forming a fluidized bed (fluidized bed), and by this combustion reaction, a fluidized bed that exchanges heat with water flowing in the furnace wall tube. A boiler is known (for example, Patent Document 1). In this fluidized bed boiler, a refractory is lined on the lower furnace wall portion in order to prevent the thinning of the wall of the furnace wall tube due to vigorous stirring of the fluidized material and heat.

JP 2003-50003 A

  In the fluidized bed boiler as described above, wear thinning may occur even in the upper furnace wall portion where the flow of the fluidized material is more stable than in the lower furnace wall portion.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fluidized bed reactor including a fluidized bed boiler capable of suppressing the wear of the furnace wall tube. .

  As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the inventors of the present application stated that “the solid wall that fell along the furnace wall and collided with the upper end surface of the refractory collided with the furnace wall collided with the furnace wall. It was found that the pipe is worn out.

  Therefore, the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention is a fluidized bed reactor equipped with a furnace wall that defines a reaction chamber, and in which a reaction is performed while fluidizing the solid in the reaction chamber, and the solid constitutes the furnace wall. Furnace wall collision prevention control means for controlling so as not to collide with the furnace wall tube is provided.

  According to such a fluidized bed reactor, the path of the solid material is controlled by the furnace wall collision prevention control means so that the solid material does not collide with the furnace wall tube, so that the contact of the solid material with the furnace wall tube is suppressed. Further, the wear of the furnace wall can be suppressed.

  Further, according to the fluidized bed reactor, the furnace wall collision prevention control means may control the path of the solid material so that the solid material does not collide with the furnace wall tube by supplying gas into the reaction chamber. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the wear of the furnace wall tube with a simple configuration without fear of corrosion without separately providing a member or the like for suppressing the collision of the solid matter with the furnace wall tube in the reaction chamber.

  In addition, according to the fluidized bed reactor, the refractory is lined on the furnace wall and overhangs from the furnace wall into the reaction chamber, and the furnace wall collision prevention control means supplies gas from the furnace wall above the refractory. You may supply. Thereby, it is possible to control the path of the solid material so that the solid material does not collide with the upper end surface of the refractory and is bounced to collide with the furnace wall tube.

  As described above, according to the fluidized bed reactor according to the present invention, the wear of the furnace wall tube can be suppressed.

It is a schematic sectional lineblock diagram showing the fluidized bed reactor concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which looked at the principal part of the fluidized bed reaction furnace shown in FIG. 1 from the furnace inner side. It is a figure explaining an example of operation | movement of the fluidized material by a furnace wall collision prevention control means. It is a figure explaining the other example of operation | movement of the fluidized material by a furnace wall collision prevention control means. It is a figure explaining operation | movement of the fluidized material by the furnace wall collision prevention control means of the fluidized bed reaction furnace which concerns on 2nd Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same or equivalent elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

[First Embodiment]
The fluidized bed reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing a fluidized bed reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view of the main part of the fluidized bed reactor shown in FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the fluidized material by the furnace wall collision prevention control means. Here, the fluidized bed reactor will be described as a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler.

  The circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 has a shape in which the upper and lower ends of a rectangular cylinder are closed. As shown in FIG. 1, the lower part of the circulating fluidized bed boiler narrows in the width direction (the left-right direction in FIG. 1) and becomes smaller. It is made into a shape. In this circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, the reaction chamber 2 is formed in a rectangular cylinder whose upper and lower ends are closed. The circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 introduces combustion air from a plurality of openings 3 provided at the bottom of the reaction chamber 2 and introduces fuel (or a reaction target) from the lower portion of the reaction chamber 2, and the fuel is converted into silica sand. The combustion reaction is performed in the reaction chamber 2 while flowing together with a fluid material such as the above.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the furnace wall 1 of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 is a flat plate of furnace wall tubes 4 and 4 arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction of the furnace wall 1 (left and right direction in FIG. 2). Are connected by a fin (connecting plate) 5. The furnace wall tube 4 exchanges heat from the combustion reaction in the reaction chamber 2 with water flowing in the furnace wall tube 4. The furnace wall 1 composed of the furnace wall tube 4 and the fins 5 has an upper furnace wall part A and a lower furnace wall part B located below the upper furnace wall part A. A refractory 6 is lined on the lower furnace wall portion B along the circumferential direction of the furnace wall 1, and projects beyond the furnace wall 1 into the reaction chamber 2.

  Here, the refractory 6 is a refractory lining such as a ceramic fired product. Further, instead of the furnace wall tube 4 through which water flows, heat exchange may be performed using a furnace wall tube through which water vapor flows.

  In particular, the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 of the present embodiment includes a furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 as shown in FIGS. The furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 includes a gas supply unit 7 a (see FIG. 3) that supplies gas into the reaction chamber 2 and a control unit that controls (adjusts) the flow rate of the gas supplied into the reaction chamber 2. (Not shown). The gas supply unit 7 a has a nozzle and is attached above the refractory 6 in the fin 5 (more specifically, near the upper end surface of the refractory 6). The gas supply part 7a is arrange | positioned so that it may not protrude inward from the furnace wall 1, and supplies gas along the flat upper end surface of the refractory 6 (namely, toward a horizontal direction). Combustion air is used as the gas, and the gas is supplied from a supply source (not shown) to each gas supply unit 7a via a flow path (not shown). A control part adjusts the flow volume of gas, for example by controlling the valve | bulb arrange | positioned on said flow path.

  When a combustion reaction is performed in the reaction chamber 2, the furnace wall collision prevention control unit 7 optimally adjusts the gas flow rate and starts supplying the gas into the reaction chamber 2 as shown in FIG. 3. To do. Thereby, the path R of the fluidized material F that descends toward the upper end surface of the refractory 6 along the furnace wall 1 out of the fluidized material (solid matter) F flowing in the reaction chamber 2 is supplied to the refractory by supplying the gas. 6 is moved from the upper position of 6 to the inside of the reaction chamber 2. Thus, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 supplies the gas into the reaction chamber 2 so that the fluid F collides with the upper end surface of the refractory 6 and is bounced to collide with the furnace wall tube 4. The path R of the fluidized material F is controlled so as not to occur. In addition, it controls so that the course of ash with the fluid F may not collide with the furnace wall pipe 4 by supply of this gas.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, even when the fluidized material F collides with the upper end surface of the refractory 6, the repelled fluidized material F is kept inside the reaction chamber 2 by the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7. Moved to. That is, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 controls the path R of the fluidized material F so that the repelled fluidized material F does not collide with the furnace wall tube 4.

  In this way, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 finally prevents the fluid material F from colliding with the furnace wall tube 4 regardless of whether or not the fluid material F collides with the refractory 6 (the fluid material F is in the furnace). The path R of the fluid F is controlled so that it does not face the wall tube 4.

  Here, in the conventional case where there is no gas supply by the gas supply part 7a, the fluidized material F is bounced at the upper end surface of the refractory 6 and collides with the furnace wall tube 4, resulting in wear on the furnace wall tube 4. Can occur. In this regard, in the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 of the present embodiment, the occurrence of the above situation can be suppressed by the gas supply unit 7a.

  As described above, according to the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 controls the path R of the fluidized material F so that the fluidized material F does not collide with the furnace wall tube 4. The contact of the fluid F with respect to the tube 4 is suppressed, and the wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be suppressed.

  Further, according to the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 controls the path R of the fluidized material F so that the fluidized material F does not collide by supplying gas into the reaction chamber 2. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the wear of the furnace wall 1 with a simple configuration that does not cause corrosion without separately providing a member for suppressing the collision of the fluid F to the furnace wall pipe 4 in the reaction chamber 2.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the operation of the fluidized material F by the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 of the fluidized bed reactor according to the second embodiment.

  The difference of this embodiment from the first embodiment is the position of the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7, more specifically, the gas supply part 7a, as shown in FIG.

  As described above, in the conventional case where no gas is supplied by the gas supply unit 7 a, the fluidized material F is bounced at the upper end surface of the refractory 6 and collides with the furnace wall 1. As a result, the furnace wall 1 can be worn out. Here, although the wear of the furnace wall 1 varies depending on the material of the furnace wall 1, the wear is greatest when the fluidized material F collides with the furnace wall 1 from a direction inclined by a predetermined angle θ with respect to the furnace wall 1. The present inventors have found out. For example, the predetermined angle θ is about 30 degrees when a ductile material is used for the furnace wall 1. And in this embodiment, the gas supply part 7a is attached to the area | region of the furnace wall 1 which the fluidized material F collides from the direction inclined 30 degree | times with respect to the furnace wall 1. FIG.

  More specifically, the gas supply unit 7 a is attached to the fin 5 so that gas is supplied from a position above the upper end surface of the refractory 6 by a height H. Here, when the thickness of the upper end surface of the refractory 6 is W, the range of the height H is 0 <H ≦ W / tan θ. In the case of the above ductile material, the angle θ = 30 °.

  Also in this embodiment, when a combustion reaction is performed in the reaction chamber 2, the furnace wall collision prevention control unit 7 optimally adjusts the gas flow rate and starts supplying the gas into the reaction chamber 2. Thereby, even if the fluidized material F collides with the upper end surface of the refractory 6, the repelled fluidized material F is moved inward of the reaction chamber 2 by the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7. That is, the fluidized material F is prevented from colliding with the furnace wall tube 4 at a predetermined angle (the most severe angle of wear) θ, and as a result, the wear of the furnace wall tube 4 can be suppressed.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was concretely demonstrated based on the embodiment, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 supplies combustion air, but is not limited thereto, and is, for example, water vapor, carbon dioxide, liquid (water), or solid (fuel). May be.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the gas supply part 7a was attached to the upper end surface vicinity of the refractory 6 in the fin 5, you may attach to the other position in the fin 5. FIG.

  Further, when any protrusion such as a sensor is provided inside the furnace wall 1, a protective refractory is provided above the protrusion, so that gas is supplied above the refractory. The part 7a will be attached.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the gas supply part 7a is attached to all the fins 5, it does not necessarily need to be attached to all the fins 5. FIG.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 has the gas supply part 7a and the control part (illustration omitted), reaction chamber 2 from each of each fin 5 instead of them. And may have a plurality of plate-like side plates extending along the furnace wall tube 4. In this case, each furnace wall tube 4 is located between a pair of side plates. The side plate is arranged so that the fluidized material F is prevented from colliding with the furnace wall tube 4 at a predetermined angle θ. That is, the side plate is arranged to control the course of the fluid material F so that the fluid material F does not collide with the furnace wall tube 4. As described above, the predetermined angle θ is about 30 degrees when a ductile material is used as the furnace wall 1.

  Further, the furnace wall collision prevention control means 7 may have a cover plate that extends along the furnace wall tube 4 while connecting the protruding ends of the pair of side plates described above. In this case, the furnace wall tube 4 is opened up and down by the lid plate and the pair of side plates, and is surrounded by a fence from three sides. Thereby, it can further suppress that fluidized material F collides with furnace wall pipe 4 at predetermined angle theta.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 is made into the rectangular cylinder shape, a cylindrical shape etc. may be sufficient, for example.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although application to the circulating fluidized bed boiler 100 is described as being especially suitable, it is applicable also to the fluidized bed boiler which does not circulate, Furthermore, it is not a combustion reaction but is a chemical with heat generation. The present invention can also be applied to a furnace that performs a reaction, and in short, can be applied to a fluidized bed reactor that performs a reaction in a reaction chamber.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Furnace wall, 2 ... Reaction chamber, 4 ... Furnace wall pipe, 6 ... Refractory material, 7 ... Furnace wall collision prevention control means, 100 ... Circulating fluidized bed boiler (fluidized bed reactor), F ... Fluidized material (solid matter) ), R ... course.

Claims (3)

A fluidized bed reactor comprising a furnace wall defining a reaction chamber, wherein the reaction is carried out while flowing solids in the reaction chamber;
A fluidized bed reactor comprising: a furnace wall collision prevention control means for controlling a path of the solid substance so that the solid substance does not collide with a furnace wall tube constituting the furnace wall.   2. The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 1, wherein the furnace wall collision prevention control unit controls the solid material not to collide with the furnace wall tube by supplying a gas into the reaction chamber. A refractory that is lined on the furnace wall and overhangs the reaction chamber from the furnace wall;
The fluidized bed reactor according to claim 2, wherein the furnace wall collision prevention control means supplies gas from the inside of the furnace wall above the refractory.

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