JP2016176483A - Conical roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable immediate lubrication even when beginning to use a conical roller bearing in a high-load state in no time after leaving it unused for a long period.SOLUTION: A conical roller bearing 10 includes an outer ring 12, an inner ring 14, a plurality of conical rollers 16 arranged between the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 14 in a rollable manner, and a cage for holding the plurality of conical rollers 16. In a large-diameter end 16b of each conical roller 16 at its circumferential face positions contacting a large flange 22 of the inner ring 14, a plurality of ended slender grooves 30 are formed in a circumferentially arrayed manner. Thus, lubricating oil is stored and held in the slender grooves even in non-use.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

  The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing. In particular, the present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing that provides good lubrication when a bearing that has not been used for a long time starts to rotate.

  Small and high capacity tapered roller bearings are used in automobile transmissions and differential devices. The tapered roller bearing is composed of an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers as rolling elements disposed so as to be able to roll between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a cage that holds the tapered roller. Yes.

  Tapered rollers of tapered roller bearings are capable of rolling on the outer raceway surface of the inner ring by being sandwiched between the small flange formed at the small diameter end of the inner ring and the large flange formed at the large diameter end. The axial load acting on the roller bearing is received by the large ring of the inner ring. For this reason, the contact surface between the large-diameter end of the tapered roller and the large collar of the inner ring slips while receiving a load, and seizure tends to occur. Therefore, various proposals have conventionally been made to prevent seizure of this portion. However, in most cases, this is a countermeasure in the normal driving state of the automobile.

JP 2005-16533 A

  There are various usage states of the automobile. For example, there are cases where the vehicle starts immediately at full speed while left for a certain period (for example, overnight). In such a case, the lubricating oil has fallen down from the bearing, and a high load and a high rotational speed are obtained before the lubricating oil stored in a device such as a transmission reaches the bearing. For this reason, the supply of the lubricating oil becomes insufficient, and there is a risk of causing seizure. In other words, most of the conventional general seizure countermeasures are countermeasures for high-load lubricating oil during normal vehicle running, and after using the bearings as described above for a long time, immediately start using them under high-load conditions. I did not find any countermeasures in the state.

  Thus, the present invention was devised in view of the above points, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to use a tapered roller bearing in a high load state immediately after leaving it to stand for a long time. Even when starting to do, it is possible to perform lubrication immediately.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention takes the following means.

  A tapered roller bearing according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers as rolling elements disposed so as to roll between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the plurality of tapered rollers. A retainer for holding a tapered roller, and the tapered roller is sandwiched between a small ridge formed at the small diameter end of the inner ring and a large ridge formed at the large diameter end on the outer raceway surface of the inner ring. Is arranged such that an endless circumferential groove is formed at a circumferential surface portion in contact with the large collar of the inner ring at the large diameter end of the tapered roller.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the endless circumferential groove is formed in the circumferential surface portion in contact with the large collar of the inner ring at the large diameter end of the tapered roller. Thus, when the tapered roller bearing is used, the lubricating oil enters and is stored and held in the circumferential groove. The retained lubricating oil continues to be retained by the groove even when the bearing is no longer used. When the bearing has been left unused for a long period of time, it should be used to immediately lubricate the contact surface between the large ring of the inner ring and the large diameter end of the tapered roller. It is possible to prevent burn-in.

  A tapered roller bearing according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers as rolling elements disposed so as to roll between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the plurality of tapered rollers. A retainer for holding a tapered roller, and the tapered roller is sandwiched between a small ridge formed at the small diameter end of the inner ring and a large ridge formed at the large diameter end. It is arranged on the surface so as to be able to roll, and a plurality of end-like elongated grooves are arranged circumferentially at a circumferential surface portion that contacts the large collar of the inner ring at the large-diameter end of the tapered roller. Is formed.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of end-like elongated grooves are arranged on the circumference at the circumferential surface portion of the tapered roller that contacts the large collar of the inner ring on the large-diameter end surface. . As a result, when a tapered roller bearing is used, the lubricating oil enters and is stored and held in the plurality of elongated grooves arranged circumferentially. The retained lubricating oil continues to be retained by the groove even when the bearing is no longer used. When the bearing has been left unused for a long period of time, it should be used to immediately lubricate the contact surface between the inner ring collar and the tapered end of the tapered roller. It is possible to prevent burn-in.

  The rolling bearing according to the second aspect of the present invention preferably takes the following form.

  First, it is preferable that a communication groove is formed in the plurality of elongated grooves toward the outer diameter end of the tapered roller. This facilitates the entry of the lubricating oil into the plurality of elongated grooves during use of the tapered roller bearing.

  Further, it is preferable that the plurality of elongated grooves are four or more and are formed at equal intervals. Since four or more elongated grooves are arranged at equal intervals, one groove is always in the upper half position when viewed in the direction of gravity, and the lubricating oil in a state where the tapered roller bearing is not used. Can be reliably held.

  According to the present invention as described above, even when the tapered roller bearing is left to stand for a long period of time, even if it starts to be used immediately under a high load state, it can be immediately lubricated and seizure can be prevented. it can.

It is sectional drawing of the upper half of the tapered roller bearing of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the surface shape of the large diameter end of the tapered roller of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the surface shape of the large diameter end of the tapered roller of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the surface shape of the large diameter end of the tapered roller of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the state by which lubricating oil is hold | maintained at a groove | channel in 3rd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the upper half which shows the tapered roller bearing in 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the principal part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the modification of the elongate groove | channel in 2nd and 3rd embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The tapered roller bearing of this embodiment is a case where lubricating oil is used as a support for the rotating shaft of an automobile transmission or a differential device.

[First Embodiment]
The first embodiment is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the basic configuration of the tapered roller bearing 10 includes an outer ring 12 disposed at a relatively radially outer position and an inner ring 14 disposed at a relatively radially inner position. And a plurality of tapered rollers 16 as rolling elements disposed so as to be able to roll between the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 14, and a cage 18 that holds the plurality of tapered rollers 16. .

  The outer ring 12 and the inner ring 14 are arranged so as to face each other in the radial direction. The tapered roller 16 is formed in a conical shape, and in the case of the present embodiment, the left side is disposed as the small diameter end 16a and the right side is disposed as the large diameter end 16b in FIG. On the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 14, an outer ring raceway surface 12a and an inner ring raceway surface 14a that serve as rolling surfaces of the tapered rollers 16 are formed. The outer ring raceway surface 12a and the inner ring raceway surface 14a have inclined surface shapes that gradually increase in diameter from the left side to the right side as viewed in FIG. The inclined surface angle of the outer ring raceway surface 12a and the inner ring raceway surface 14a is an angle corresponding to the cone angle of the tapered roller 16, the angle of the outer ring raceway surface 12a is formed relatively large, and the inner ring raceway surface 14a The angle is relatively small.

  At both axial positions of the inner ring raceway surface 14a of the inner ring 14, a small ridge 20 and a large ridge 22 are formed to project outward in the radial direction. The gavel 20 is provided at the left end position as viewed in FIG. 1 and is configured to receive the small diameter end 16 a of the tapered roller 16. The large collar 22 is provided at the right end position as viewed in FIG. 1 and is configured to receive the large diameter end 16 b of the tapered roller 16.

  Since the tapered roller bearing 10 is configured as described above, when used for supporting a rotating shaft of a transmission or a differential device, the lubricating oil is circulated by a pumping action of a so-called centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the tapered roller bearing 10. The tapered roller 16 flows from the small diameter end side toward the large diameter end side. On the other hand, since the radial load acting on the tapered roller bearing 10 is tapered rolling, the large diameter end 16 b of the tapered roller 16 is received by the large collar 22 of the inner ring 14. Accordingly, the contact surface portions of the large-diameter end 16b of the tapered roller 16 and the large flange 22 of the inner ring 14 slip when the tapered roller bearing 10 rotates. The lubricating oil is lubricated to the place where the slip occurs in a normal state of use of the automobile, and the lubricating oil is sequentially supplied by the pump action described above, and is appropriately lubricated.

  However, for example, when the automobile is used overnight, the lubricating oil in the lubrication site returns to the lubricating oil reservoir and no lubricating oil exists. For this reason, when the usage is such that the vehicle starts at full speed in such a state, the tapered roller bearing 10 is in a usage state with a high load and a high rotational speed, and there is a risk of seizing. In this embodiment, the lubricating oil is retained even in such a state, and is configured as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, an endless circumferential groove 24 is formed in the large diameter end 16 b of the tapered roller 16. The positional relationship in which the circumferential groove 24 is formed is a range in which the tapered roller 16 comes into contact with the large collar 22 of the inner ring 14 and causes sliding contact when rolling.

  Since the large-diameter end 16b of the tapered roller 16 is disposed in a slightly inclined state in the left direction as illustrated in FIG. 1, the tapered roller bearing 10 is disposed at a position below the circumferential groove 24 in the center of gravity direction. Even in the non-rotating state, the lubricating oil supplied and lubricated in the rotating state is stored and held. As a result, even if the vehicle is started at full speed immediately after being left for a certain period of time, the large diameter end 16b of the tapered roller 16 and the large flange 22 of the inner ring 14 are caused by the lubricating oil held in the circumferential groove 24. The contact portion can be lubricated. As a result, seizure can be prevented.

  However, conventionally, the large-diameter end 16b of the tapered roller 16 is provided with a recess referred to as a navel 26 at a position shown in FIGS. ing. The navel 26 can also store lubricating oil in the non-rotating state of the tapered roller bearing 10, but such a position is away from the position of the contact portion between the large diameter end 16 b and the large collar 22 of the inner ring 14. Yes.

  In FIG. 1, a clearance groove 28 is provided at the boundary between the inner ring raceway surface 14a of the inner ring 14 and the large collar 22 and the small collar 20, but this is also provided for processing needs. is there. That is, it is escape when the inner ring raceway surface 14a of the inner ring 14 and the large ridge 22 and the small ridge 20 are polished. Even in the clearance groove 28 provided for the large flange 22, lubricating oil may be stored at a position below the center of gravity in the non-rotating state of the tapered roller bearing 10, but such a position may also be stored at the large diameter end 16b and the inner ring. It is in a position deviated from the position of the contact portion with the 14 large spears 22.

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment is shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, the endless circumferential groove 24 in the first embodiment described above is formed in an arc shape as an endless elongated groove 30 and arranged on the circumference. is there. In the second embodiment, four arc-shaped elongated grooves 30 are arranged at equal intervals. By providing the elongated groove 30 as an end as in the second embodiment, the lubricating oil can be stored and held in all the arc-shaped elongated grooves 30, and the first embodiment described above. Compared to the above, it is possible to increase the amount of lubricating oil retained.

[Third Embodiment]
A third embodiment is shown in FIGS. In the illustration shown in FIG. 6, the cage 18 is omitted in order to clearly show the elongated groove 30. In the third embodiment, a communication groove 32 is provided in the elongated groove 30 with the end in the second embodiment described above. The communication groove 32 is formed in a straight line from the center position in the circumferential direction of the end-like elongated groove 30 toward the outer diameter end of the tapered roller 16. Also in the third embodiment, when the tapered roller bearing 10 is not rotated, the lubricating oil can be stored and held in the elongated groove 30 as shown in FIG. However, although the communication groove 32 is provided, the lubricating oil in the arc-shaped groove 30 at the lower position in the center of gravity direction is discharged from the communication groove 32, but the lubricating oil is held in the other arc-shaped grooves. However, when the tapered roller bearing 10 is used for rotation, the communication groove 32 takes the lubricating oil supplied to the escape groove 28 formed at the base of the large collar 22 of the inner ring 14 shown in FIG. 1 into the elongated groove 30. There is an advantage that the action can be performed smoothly.

[Modifications of Second and Third Embodiments]
A modification of the second and third embodiments is shown in FIG. In this modification, the shape of the arc-shaped elongated groove 30 shown in the second and third embodiments described above is a linear elongated groove as the shape of each groove 30a, but is arranged on the circumference. It is provided. In FIG. 8, they are arranged as hexagons. As a result, the same effects as those of the second and third embodiments are achieved. Note that the communication groove 32a as a modification of the third embodiment is provided as illustrated by a broken line.

  Note that the endless circumferential groove 24 shown in the first embodiment is not provided with the communication groove 32 as described above when the communication groove 32 is at a lower position in the direction of the center of gravity. This is because everything will fall off. Even in the case where the communication groove 32 is provided as in the third embodiment, in the case of the end-like elongated groove 30, the lubricating oil is retained if the end-like elongated groove 30 is at the upper position in the center of gravity direction. Can do.

  Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can also be implemented in various other forms.

  For example, the tapered roller bearing of the present embodiment can be widely installed not only in transmissions and differential devices but also in equipment that uses lubricating oil.

    In addition, the circumferential groove 24 in the first embodiment may be, for example, an ellipse, and may be an ended circumferential groove 24.

  Further, the number of the elongated grooves 30 in the second and third embodiments may be plural, and the arrangement interval is not necessarily equal.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tapered roller bearing 12 Outer ring 12a Outer ring raceway surface 14 Inner ring 14a Inner ring raceway surface 16 Tapered roller (rolling element)
16a Small-diameter end 16b Large-diameter end 18 Cage 20 Small ridge 22 Large ridge 24 Circumferential groove 26 Navel 28 Escape groove 30 Elongated groove 32 Communication groove

Claims (4)

An outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers as rolling elements disposed so as to roll between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a cage for holding the plurality of tapered rollers,
The tapered roller is disposed so as to be able to roll on the outer raceway surface of the inner ring, sandwiched between a small flange formed at the small diameter end of the inner ring and a large flange formed at the large diameter end,
A tapered roller bearing in which an endless circumferential groove is formed at a circumferential surface portion in contact with a large flange of the inner ring at a large diameter end of the tapered roller. An outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of tapered rollers as rolling elements disposed so as to roll between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a cage for holding the plurality of tapered rollers,
The tapered roller is disposed so as to be able to roll on the outer raceway surface of the inner ring, sandwiched between a small flange formed at the small diameter end of the inner ring and a large flange formed at the large diameter end,
A tapered roller bearing in which a plurality of end-like elongated grooves are arranged in a circumferential shape at a circumferential surface portion in contact with a large flange of the inner ring at a large diameter end of the tapered roller. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 2,
A tapered roller bearing in which a plurality of elongated grooves are formed with a communication groove toward an outer diameter end of the tapered roller. The tapered roller bearing according to claim 2 or claim 3,
The tapered roller bearing has four or more elongated grooves formed at regular intervals.

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