JP2016176357A - Control device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control device capable of selecting a more appropriate map for control out of a plurality of maps without requiring complicated conditional branch processing, etc., when the map is divided into the plurality of ones.SOLUTION: An ECU 50 as part of a control device 1 includes a storage part 51 for previously storing a plurality of maps determining a relationship between an input value and a control value, a distance acquisition part 52 for finding a signed distance between the input value and the outline of a preset area of each of the plurality of maps, a map selection part 53 for selecting the map to be used out of the plurality of maps on the basis of the acquired signed distance, and a control value acquisition part 54 for acquiring a control value for an engine 10 from the selected map.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a control device, and more particularly to a power unit control device that searches a map that defines a relationship between an input value and a control value to obtain a control value.

  In the control of an engine (power unit) that drives a vehicle, for example, the operating state (for example, engine speed, intake air amount, throttle opening, etc.) is detected by various sensors, and the sensor value (input value) is used in advance. An engine control value (for example, fuel injection amount, ignition timing, etc.) is obtained by searching a map that has been set and stored (a map that defines the relationship between the sensor value and the control value (lookup table)). The method is widely used.

  By the way, for example, when the map data of the entire operation region cannot be measured (acquired) under the same environment, or when the nonlinearity of the relationship between the input value and the control value is strong, all the control values are expressed by one map. It can be difficult. In such a case, conventionally, one map is divided into a plurality of maps, and the plurality of maps are used by switching according to, for example, a predetermined input value (parameter) (for example, patents). Reference 1).

JP-A-10-109627

  However, in the conventional technique, since the boundary of the map is generally defined by the upper and lower limit values, the boundary is rectangular (parallel to the axis), and, for example, based on a predetermined input value (parameter), a plurality of When trying to select the most suitable map from the maps, there is a possibility of selecting a map that is not the nearest neighbor, that is, a non-optimal map. In particular, for example, when the input value is located outside the outline (boundary) of the map setting area, or when the input value is located within a shared area of two or more maps, an optimal map is selected from a plurality of maps. It was not always possible to choose.

  In recent years, the number of control devices added to engines has increased due to exhaust gas regulations (emission regulations), fuel efficiency improvement requirements, etc., and there are trade-offs between engine performance, exhaust gas, fuel economy, reliability, etc. The control is becoming more and more complicated due to the need to obtain an optimum control value, and the above-described map is also multidimensionalized, for example, 5 dimensions and 6 dimensions. In such a situation, when selecting one map from multiple maps, it may be necessary to perform complex conditional branch processing etc. to select the map. There has been a demand for a technique capable of selecting a more appropriate map without requiring a cost.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. When a map is divided into a plurality of maps, a complicated conditional branch process or the like is not required, and control can be performed from a plurality of maps. It is an object to provide a control device capable of selecting a more appropriate map.

  The control device according to the present invention includes a detection unit that acquires an input value of a parameter that indicates the operating state of the power unit, a storage unit that stores in advance a plurality of maps that define the relationship between the input value and the control value, and a detection unit. Based on the distance acquisition means for obtaining the distance between the acquired input value and the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps stored in the storage means, and based on the distance acquired by the distance acquisition means, And a map selection means for selecting a map to be used, and a control value acquisition means for acquiring the control value of the power unit from the map selected by the map selection means.

  According to the control device of the present invention, the distance between the input value and the outline (boundary) of the setting area of each of a plurality of maps stored in advance is obtained, and the map to be used is selected based on the distance. Is done. Therefore, for example, it is possible to select a map having an outline (boundary) that is closest in distance. As a result, when the map is divided into a plurality of maps, it is possible to select a more appropriate map from the plurality of maps without requiring a complicated conditional branching process or the like.

  In particular, in the control device according to the present invention, the detection means acquires the input values of a plurality of parameters, and the storage means has a plurality of two-dimensional or more that defines the relationship between the input values of the plurality of parameters and one or more control values. Preferably, the map is stored in advance, and the distance acquisition means obtains the distance between the input values of the plurality of parameters and the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps.

  In this case, since the distance between the input values (input vectors) of the plurality of parameters and the outline (boundary) of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps is obtained, even if each map is a multidimensional map of two or more dimensions, A map suitable for control can be selected from a plurality of maps without requiring a complicated conditional branching process or the like.

  In the control device according to the present invention, when obtaining the distance between the input value and each of the plurality of maps, the distance acquisition means sets the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the map to the inside of the outline of the setting area. It is preferable that a signed distance is obtained by adding “−” and a sign “+” outside the outline of the setting area, and the map selecting unit selects a map having the smallest signed distance.

  In this way, only the distance (signed distance) between the input value and the outline of the setting area of each map can be obtained without requiring complicated conditional branch processing for selecting a plurality of maps. A more appropriate map can be selected from the maps.

  On the other hand, in the control device according to the present invention, when obtaining the distance between the input value and each of the plurality of maps, the distance acquisition means sets the distance between the input value and the outline of the map setting area to the distance of the outline of the setting area. It is also preferable that a signed distance is obtained by adding a sign “+” on the inner side and “−” on the outer side of the outline of the setting area, and the map selecting unit selects a map having the largest signed distance.

  Even if it does in this way, only the distance (signed distance) between the input value and the outline of the setting area of each map is obtained without requiring a complicated conditional branching process for selecting a plurality of maps. A more appropriate map can be selected from the maps.

  In the control device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the outer shape of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps is not rectangular.

  In this way, even if each of the plurality of maps is a map whose outline of the setting area is not rectangular (that is, non-linear), a map that is more preferable in terms of control can be selected from the plurality of maps.

  In the control device according to the present invention, it is preferable that the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps is formulated using a statistical model.

  In this case, since the outline of the set area (the boundary of the measurement area) is statistically modeled, the outline can be appropriately defined even if the outline of each map has a non-linear shape. Therefore, since the distance between the input value and the outline (boundary) of the setting area of each map can be obtained accurately, the map closest to the input value can be selected accurately.

  In the control device according to the present invention, when the input value is located outside the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps, or when the input value is located within the shared area of the plurality of maps, the map selecting means The plurality of maps are selected according to the distance, and the control value acquisition means acquires the control values from each of the plurality of selected maps, and the control value for each acquired map is determined between the input value and each map. It is preferable to interpolate according to the distance ratio.

  In this way, it is possible to smoothly switch maps from one map to the other map, and it is possible to reduce the stepped feeling at the time of map switching.

  In the control device according to the present invention, the control value acquisition unit determines whether the input value acquired by the detection unit is located inside or outside the outline of the setting area of the map, and the input When the value is located outside the outline of the map, nearest neighbor point acquisition means for acquiring the value of the nearest neighbor point on the outline of the map for the input value, and the input value is obtained by the nearest neighbor point acquisition means. If the input value is determined to be located inside the map, the input value is selected. If the input value is determined to be located outside the outline of the map, the nearest point value is selected. It is preferable to include a value selection unit and a control value search unit that searches the map using the value selected by the input value selection unit and obtains the control value of the power unit.

  In this case, it is determined whether the input value is located inside or outside the outline of the map setting area. If it is determined that the input value is located outside, the map outline for the input value is determined. The value of the top nearest point is determined. Then, a map is searched using the value, and a control value is obtained. That is, when the input value is outside the map setting area, the control value that is included in the map setting area stored in advance and is closest to the sensor input value is selected. As a result, even when the input value is outside the map setting area, it is possible to obtain a more appropriate control value in terms of control.

  According to the present invention, when a map is divided into a plurality of maps, an appropriate map can be selected from a plurality of maps without requiring complicated conditional branch processing or the like. .

It is a figure which shows the structure of the control apparatus which concerns on embodiment, and the structure of the engine to which this control apparatus was applied. It is a figure which shows an example of the control model which calculates | requires the engine intake air estimated amount which the control apparatus which concerns on embodiment has. It is a figure which shows an example of the medium and high load model (or low load model) which comprises the control model shown by FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the map (Boundary Model) which defined the relationship between an engine speed, throttle opening, intake valve timing, and an EGR valve opening, and an engine intake air estimated amount. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a scatter diagram matrix and a Boundary Model of the map shown in FIG. 4. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of the control value acquisition process (map selection process) by the control apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of the control value search process included in the control value acquisition process (map selection process) by the control apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the map selection result by the control apparatus which concerns on embodiment when an input value becomes out of the setting area | region of a map.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same or corresponding parts. Moreover, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  First, the configuration of the control device 1 according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a control device 1 and a configuration of an engine 10 to which the control device 1 is applied. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a control model for obtaining the estimated engine intake air amount that the control device 1 has. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of the medium / high load model 52a (or the low load model 52b) constituting the control model shown in FIG.

  The engine 10 is, for example, a horizontally opposed four-cylinder gasoline engine. The engine 10 is an in-cylinder injection engine that directly injects fuel into a cylinder (in-cylinder). In the engine 10, air sucked from the air cleaner 16 is throttled by an electronically controlled throttle valve (hereinafter simply referred to as “throttle valve”) 13 provided in the intake pipe 15, passes through the intake manifold 11, and enters the engine 10. It is sucked into each formed cylinder. Here, the amount of air taken in from the air cleaner 16 is detected by an air flow meter 14 disposed between the air cleaner 16 and the throttle valve 13. A vacuum sensor 30 for detecting the pressure in the intake manifold 11 (intake manifold pressure) is disposed inside the collector portion (surge tank) constituting the intake manifold 11. Further, the throttle valve 13 is provided with a throttle opening sensor 31 that detects the opening of the throttle valve 13.

  In the cylinder head, an intake port 22 and an exhaust port 23 are formed for each cylinder (only one bank is shown in FIG. 1). Each intake port 22 and exhaust port 23 is provided with an intake valve 24 and an exhaust valve 25 for opening and closing the intake port 22 and the exhaust port 23. Between the intake cam shaft that drives the intake valve 24 and the intake cam pulley, the intake cam pulley and the intake cam shaft are relatively rotated to continuously change the rotation phase (displacement angle) of the intake cam shaft with respect to the crankshaft 10a. A variable valve timing mechanism 26 for advancing and retarding the valve timing (opening / closing timing) of the intake valve 24 is provided. The variable valve timing mechanism 26 variably sets the opening / closing timing of the intake valve 24 according to the engine operating state.

  Similarly, between the exhaust cam shaft and the exhaust cam pulley, the exhaust cam pulley and the exhaust cam shaft are relatively rotated to continuously change the rotation phase (displacement angle) of the exhaust cam shaft with respect to the crankshaft 10a. A variable valve timing mechanism 27 for advancing and retarding the valve timing (opening / closing timing) of the exhaust valve 25 is provided. The variable valve timing mechanism 27 variably sets the opening / closing timing of the exhaust valve 25 according to the engine operating state.

  Each cylinder of the engine 10 is attached with an injector 12 for injecting fuel into the cylinder. The injector 12 directly injects fuel pressurized by a high-pressure fuel pump (not shown) into the combustion chamber of each cylinder.

  A spark plug 17 that ignites the air-fuel mixture and an igniter built-in coil 21 that applies a high voltage to the spark plug 17 are attached to the cylinder head of each cylinder. In each cylinder of the engine 10, an air-fuel mixture of the sucked air and the fuel injected by the injector 12 is ignited by the spark plug 17 and burned. The exhaust gas after combustion is exhausted through the exhaust pipe 18.

  An air-fuel ratio sensor 19 is attached downstream of the collecting portion of the exhaust pipe 18 and upstream of the exhaust purification catalyst 20. The air-fuel ratio sensor 19 can output a signal corresponding to the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas and the unburned gas concentration (that is, a signal corresponding to the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture), and can detect the air-fuel ratio linearly. A fuel ratio sensor (LAF sensor) is used.

An exhaust purification catalyst 20 is disposed downstream of the LAF sensor 19. The exhaust purification catalyst 20 is a three-way catalyst, which simultaneously oxidizes hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) in the exhaust gas and reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) to produce harmful gas components in the exhaust gas. Is purified to harmless carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), water vapor (H ₂ O) and nitrogen (N ₂ ).

  The exhaust pipe 18 is provided with an exhaust gas recirculation device (hereinafter referred to as an “EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) device”) 40 that recirculates a part of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 10 to the intake manifold 11 of the engine 10. It has been. The EGR device 40 includes an EGR pipe 41 that communicates the exhaust pipe 18 of the engine 10 and the intake manifold 11, and an EGR valve 42 that is interposed on the EGR pipe 41 and adjusts the exhaust gas recirculation amount (EGR flow rate). ing. The opening degree (EGRSTP) of the EGR valve 42 is controlled by an electronic control device 50 described later according to the operating state of the engine 10.

  In addition to the air flow meter 14, the LAF sensor 19, the vacuum sensor 30, and the throttle opening sensor 31 described above, a cam angle sensor 32 for determining the cylinder of the engine 10 is attached in the vicinity of the camshaft of the engine 10. A crank angle sensor 33 for detecting the rotational position of the crankshaft 10a is attached in the vicinity of the crankshaft 10a of the engine 10. Here, for example, a timing rotor 33a in which protrusions of 34 teeth with two teeth missing are formed at an interval of 10 ° is attached to the end of the crankshaft 10a, and the crank angle sensor 33 is connected to the timing rotor 33a. The rotational position of the crankshaft 10a is detected by detecting the presence or absence of the protrusion. As the cam angle sensor 32 and the crank angle sensor 33, for example, an electromagnetic pickup type is used.

  These sensors are connected to an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as “ECU”) 50. Further, the ECU 50 includes a water temperature sensor 34 that detects the temperature of the cooling water of the engine 10, an oil temperature sensor 35 that detects the temperature of the lubricating oil, and an accelerator pedal opening that detects the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal, that is, the opening of the accelerator pedal. Various sensors such as a sensor 36 and a vehicle speed sensor 37 for detecting the speed of the vehicle are also connected. The various sensors that acquire sensor values (parameter values) indicating the operating state of the engine 10 function as detection means described in the claims.

  The ECU 50 includes a microprocessor that performs calculations, a ROM that stores programs for causing the microprocessor to execute each process, a RAM that stores various data such as calculation results, and a backup RAM in which the stored contents are held by a 12V battery. And an input / output I / F and the like. The ECU 50 includes an injector driver that drives the injector 12, an output circuit that outputs an ignition signal, a motor driver that drives an electric motor 13 a that opens and closes the electronically controlled throttle valve 13, and the like.

  In the ECU 50, the cylinder is determined from the output of the cam angle sensor 32, and the rotational angular velocity and the engine speed are obtained from the output of the crank angle sensor 33. Further, in the ECU 50, based on the detection signals input from the various sensors described above, various types such as the intake air amount, the intake pipe negative pressure, the accelerator pedal opening, the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel mixture, and the water temperature and oil temperature of the engine 10 are provided. Information is acquired. Then, the ECU 50 comprehensively controls the engine 10 by controlling the fuel injection amount, the ignition timing, and various devices such as the throttle valve 13 and the EGR valve 42 based on the acquired various pieces of information.

  In particular, when the ECU 50 obtains a control instruction value (control value), if the map is divided into a plurality of maps, the ECU 50 can control from among the plurality of maps without requiring complicated conditional branch processing or the like. It has a function to select an appropriate map. Therefore, the ECU 50 functionally includes a storage unit 51, a distance acquisition unit 52, a map selection unit 53, and a control value acquisition unit 54. In addition, the control value acquisition unit 54 functionally includes a nearest point acquisition unit 54a, an input selection unit 54b, and a control value search unit 54c. In the ECU 50, a program stored in a ROM or the like is executed by a microprocessor, so that a storage unit 51, a distance acquisition unit 52, a map selection unit 53, a control value acquisition unit 54, and a nearest point acquisition unit 54a are input. The functions of the selection unit 54b and the control value search unit 54c are realized.

  The storage unit 51 is configured by the above-described ROM or the like, and is divided into a plurality of maps (for example, an engine dynamometer (EDM, which will be described later) that define the relationship between one or more parameter input values and one or more control instruction values. ) And the low load map generated based on the measurement result of the chassis dynamometer (CDM). That is, the storage unit 51 functions as a storage unit described in the claims. In addition, as a map, a statistical model, a physical model, etc. other than the conventional map (lookup table) in which the control instruction value is set for each lattice point can be used. When the map is created, the outline of the setting area is also defined.

  Here, FIG. 4 shows an example of one map included in a plurality of divided maps (for example, a medium / high load map and a low load map) stored in the storage unit 51. The map shown in FIG. 4 shows the engine speed NE (rpm), the throttle opening THR (deg), the intake valve timing VTR (deg), the EGR valve opening EGRSTP, and the estimated engine intake air amount GN ′ (g / rev) is a four-dimensional map. FIG. 4 shows a three-dimensional shape (Boundary Model) when the EGR valve opening degree EGRSTP is fixed.

  FIG. 5 shows a scatter diagram matrix and Boundary Model of the map shown in FIG. In the scatter diagram matrix shown in FIG. 5, two inputs (parameters) are selected from the EGR valve opening EGRSTP, the engine speed NE, the throttle opening THR, and the intake valve timing VTR, and the measurement points are displayed in a two-dimensional plane. It is a projection. In addition, the black point in a scatter diagram matrix has shown the measurement point. Also, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the outline of the setting area (measurement area) of this map (hereinafter also simply referred to as “map outline”) is not rectangular but nonlinear. In the present embodiment, the outline of the map setting area (measurement area) is mathematically expressed using a statistical model. The plurality of maps stored in the storage unit 51 are used in the distance acquisition unit 52, the map selection unit 53, and the control value acquisition unit 54.

  The distance acquisition unit 52 obtains the distance between the acquired input value (input point) of one or more parameters and the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps. At this time, the distance acquisition unit 52 sets the inside of the outline of the setting area as “−” and the outside of the outline of the setting area as “+” with respect to the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the map. The signed distance to which the sign is added is obtained. That is, the distance acquisition unit 52 functions as a distance acquisition unit described in the claims. The signed distance acquired by the distance acquisition unit 52 is output to the map selection unit 53.

  The map selection unit 53 selects a map to be used for control from a plurality of maps based on the signed distance acquired by the distance acquisition unit 52. At that time, the map selection unit 53 selects a map having the smallest signed distance. That is, the map selection unit 53 functions as a map selection unit described in the claims. Note that the map selected by the map selection unit 53 is output to the control value acquisition unit 54.

  The control value acquisition unit 54 acquires a control instruction value for the engine 10 from the map selected by the map selection unit 53. That is, the control value acquisition unit 54 functions as a control value acquisition unit described in the claims. Here, the control instruction value may be acquired from the selected map after the map is selected, or the control instruction value is acquired for each of a plurality of maps. It is good also as a structure which employ | adopts the control instruction | indication value of the selected map, when selected.

  The control value acquisition unit 54 includes a nearest point acquisition unit 54a, an input value selection unit 54b, and a control value search unit 54c in order to acquire a control instruction value from the map. As described above, when the control instruction value is acquired for each of a plurality of maps and the control instruction value of the selected map is adopted when the map is selected after that, the above-described configuration is adopted. The obtained distance acquisition unit 52 includes a nearest point acquisition unit 54a, an input value selection unit 54b, and a control value search unit 54c. In this case, the distance acquisition unit 52 also functions as a control value acquisition unit described in the claims.

  The nearest neighbor acquisition unit 54a determines whether the input value (input point) is located inside or outside the outline of the map, and obtains the distance of the input value from the outline of the map. In addition, when the input value is located outside the outline of the map, the nearest neighbor point acquisition unit 54a, on the outline of the map with respect to the input value, based on the distance of the input value from the outline of the map Get the value of the nearest neighbor. That is, the nearest neighbor point acquisition unit 54a functions as the nearest neighbor point acquisition unit described in the claims.

  The input value selection unit 54b selects the input value when the nearest point acquisition unit 54a determines that the input value is located inside the outline of the map. On the other hand, if it is determined that the input value is located outside the outline of the map, the input value selection unit 54b selects the value of the nearest point on the outline of the map. That is, the input value selection unit 54b functions as input value selection means described in the claims.

  The control value search unit 54c searches the map using the value selected by the input value selection unit 54b (that is, the nearest point when outside the outline and the input value as it is when inside), and the control instruction value of the engine 10 Ask for. That is, the control value search unit 54c functions as control value search means described in the claims.

  In addition, the control value acquisition unit 54, when the input value is located outside the outline of the map setting area, or when the input value is located within the shared area of the plurality of maps, You may make it interpolate the acquired control value.

  In that case, when the input value is located outside the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps, or when the input value is located within the shared area of the plurality of maps, Select multiple maps according to distance. That is, the map selection unit 53 selects the plurality of maps when the distance between the input value and each of the plurality of maps is equal. Further, the map selection unit 53 may select a map having the closest distance and a map having the second closest distance.

The control value acquisition unit 54 acquires a control instruction value from each of the plurality of selected maps, and obtains a control instruction value (y1, y2) for each acquired map, for example, the distance between the input value and each map ( In accordance with the ratio of d1, d2), interpolation is performed based on the following equation (1) to obtain the final control instruction value (Y).
Y = (d2y1 + d1y2) / (d1 + d2) (1)
However, (d1> 0, d2> 0) or (d1 <0, d2 <0)

  That is, when the distance d1 = 0 and the distance d2 ≠ 0, the control instruction value y1 is selected as it is. On the other hand, when the distance d1 ≠ 0 and the distance d2 = 0, the control instruction value y2 is selected as it is. Also, if the distance is between them, that is, if the input value is outside the outline of both maps, or is within the shared area of both maps, the internal dividing point (ie, the interpolated value) is acquired. The

  Here, using the control model shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, for example, based on the measurement result of the engine dynamometer (EDM) and the measurement result of the chassis dynamometer (CDM) A specific description will be given by taking as an example the case of alternatively selecting the low-load map generated in (1). Here, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a control model for obtaining the estimated engine intake air amount GN ′ of the ECU 50, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a medium / high load model 52 a ( Or it is a figure which shows an example of the low load model 52b). The medium / high load model 52a has a medium / high load map generated based on the measurement result of the engine dynamometer (EDM), and the low load model 52b is based on the measurement result of the chassis dynamometer (CDM). It has a generated low load map.

  When the engine speed NE, the throttle opening THR, the intake valve timing VTR, and the EGR valve opening EGRSTP are respectively input to the medium / high load model 52a, the signed distance between the input value and the outline of the medium / high load map, and the medium / high load A control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ′) based on the load map is acquired and output. Similarly, when the engine speed NE, the throttle opening degree THR, the intake valve timing VTR, and the EGR valve opening degree EGRSTP are input to the low load model 52b, a signed distance between the input value and the outline of the low load map And a control instruction value (estimated intake air amount GN ′) based on the low load map is acquired and output.

  More specifically, the medium / high load model 52a includes a nearest point acquisition unit 54a, an input value selection unit (switch) 54b, and a control value search unit 54c shown in FIG. Since the configuration of the medium / high load model 52a and the configuration of the low load model 52b are the same, the medium / high load model 52a will be mainly described here.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the engine speed NE, the throttle opening degree THR, the intake valve timing VTR, and the EGR valve opening degree EGRSTP are input to the nearest point acquisition unit 54a, the input value is an outline of the medium / high load map. It is determined whether it is located inside or outside, and the distance between the input value and the medium-high load map outline is obtained. For example, the distance (signed distance from the outline of the input point) to which “+” is added if it is outside and “−” if it is inside is output from the distance port. In addition, the nearest point (nearest neighbor point) of the map outline (boundary) is acquired and output from the nearest neighbor point port. Here, the signed distance and the value of the nearest point are output to the input value selection unit 54b. The signed distance is also output to a comparison block (map selection unit) 53 described later.

  When the sign is “+” according to the sign of the distance output from the distance port, the input value selection unit 54b determines that the input value selecting part 54b is located outside the outline of the medium / high load map, and Select the output value (value at the nearest point) and output. On the other hand, when the sign is “−”, the input value selection unit 54b determines that the input value is located inside, and selects and outputs the input value. The input value (each parameter value) selected by the input value selection unit 54b is output to the control value search unit 54c.

  The control value search unit 54c searches the medium / high load map using the value selected by the input value selection unit 54b (that is, the nearest point when outside the outline, and the input value when inside). A control instruction value (estimated intake air amount GN ′) is obtained. The control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ') acquired by the control value search unit 54c is output to the selection block (control value acquisition unit) 54 shown in FIG.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the comparison block (map selection unit) 53 compares the signed distance output from the medium / high load model 52a with the signed distance output from the low load model 52b, for example, from the medium / high load model 52a. If the output signed distance is smaller, “1” is output. On the other hand, the comparison block 53 outputs “0” when the signed distance output from the low load model 52b is smaller.

  The selection block (control value acquisition unit) 54 includes a comparison result (“1” or “0”) of the comparison block 53, a medium / high load model (medium / high load map) 52a, and a low load model (low load map) 52b. Control instruction value (estimated intake air amount GN ') is input. When “1” is input as the comparison result, the selection block 54 outputs the control instruction value (estimated intake air amount GN ′) of the medium / high load model (medium / high load map), and “0” is input. In this case, the control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ′) of the low load model (low load map) is output.

  As described above, a control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ′) more appropriate for control is acquired. It should be noted that, based on the calculated engine intake air estimation GN ′, for example, adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 13 or predicting a change in the estimated engine intake air amount GN ′, the throttle valve 13 and the variable valve Optimal control of the timing mechanism 26, the EGR valve 42, and the like can also be performed. Further, by comparing the intake air amount GN measured by the air flow meter 14 and the estimated intake air amount GN ', it is possible to detect an abnormality such as an air leak.

  Next, the operation of the control device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 together. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of control value acquisition processing (map selection processing) by the control device 1. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of a control value search process included in the control value acquisition process (map selection process). This process is repeatedly executed in the ECU 50 at a predetermined timing. Here, for example, using the map shown in FIG. 4, the estimated intake air amount GN ′ (used as a control instruction value for intake air optimum control) as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 is used. The case of obtaining will be described as an example.

  First, in step S100, input values of a plurality of parameters indicating the operating state of the engine 10, in the example of FIGS. 2 and 3, the engine speed NE (rpm), the throttle opening THR (deg), the intake valve timing VTR ( deg) and the EGR valve opening EGRSTP are input.

  Next, in step S102, with respect to the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the medium / high load map, “−” is set inside the outline of the setting area, and “+” is outside the outline of the setting area. A signed distance to which a code is added is obtained.

  Subsequently, in step S104, a control value search process for acquiring a control instruction value of the medium / high load map is executed. Here, the control value search process will be described with reference to FIG.

  In step S200, the input values (input points) of the engine speed NE, throttle opening THR, intake valve timing VTR, and EGR valve opening EGRSTP input in step S100 are set in the medium / high load map setting region (measurement region). It is determined whether it is located inside or outside of the outer contour, and the distance between the input value and the outer contour of the medium / high load map ("+" if outside, "-" if inside) A signed distance to which a code is added is obtained. In step S200, when the input value is located outside the outline of the medium / high load map, the value of the nearest point on the outline of the medium / high load map with respect to the input value is acquired.

  Subsequently, in step S202, whether or not the input value is located inside the outline of the medium / high load map according to the sign of the distance output in step S200 (the sign of the distance output from the distance port) (reference sign). Whether or not is “−”. Here, when the input value is located inside the outline of the medium / high load map (when the sign is “−”), the process proceeds to step S204. On the other hand, when the input value is not located inside the outline of the medium / high load map, that is, when the input value is located outside (when the sign is “+”), the process proceeds to step S206.

  When it is determined that the input value is located inside the outline of the medium / high load map, in step S204, the input value input in step S100 is selected. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S208.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the input value is located outside the outline of the medium and high load map, in step S206, the value of the nearest point on the outline of the map acquired in step S200 (output from the nearest point port). Value) is selected. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S208.

  In step S208, the medium / high load map is searched using the value selected in step S204 or S206 (that is, the value of the nearest point in the case of the outside and the input value in the case of the inside), and the control instruction value (inhalation) of the engine 10 is retrieved. The estimated air amount GN ′) is obtained. In the subsequent step S210, the obtained control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ') is output. Thereafter, the process returns to step S106 in FIG.

  In step S106, a sign indicating that the inside of the outline of the setting area is “−” and the outside of the outline of the setting area is “+” is added to the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the low load map. The signed distance is obtained.

  Subsequently, in step S108, a control value search process for acquiring a control instruction value of the low load map is executed. Since the control value search process (steps S200 to S210) is as described above, detailed description thereof is omitted here.

  Next, in step S110, the signed distance from the outline of the medium and high load map obtained in step S102 is compared with the signed distance from the outline of the low load map obtained in step S106, and the signed distance is calculated. The smaller map is selected.

  In step S112, the control instruction value (intake air estimated amount GN ') obtained from the selected map is output.

  As described above in detail, according to the present embodiment, as schematically shown by a solid line in FIG. 8, an input value (input point) and a setting area for each of a plurality of maps stored in advance are stored. A distance to the outline (boundary) is obtained, and a map to be used is selected based on the distance. Therefore, for example, it is possible to select a map having an outline (boundary) that is closest in distance. As a result, when the map is divided into a plurality of maps, it is possible to select a more appropriate map from the plurality of maps without requiring a complicated conditional branching process or the like. In the prior art, since the boundary is set by the upper and lower limit values, the boundary is rectangular (parallel to the axis), and the map that is not the closest map is closest as shown by the broken line in FIG. It may happen that you select the wrong map.

  In particular, according to the present embodiment, since the distance between the input values (input vectors) of a plurality of parameters and the outlines (boundaries) of the setting areas of the plurality of maps is obtained, each map is a multi-dimensional map having two or more dimensions. Even in such a case, an appropriate map can be selected from a plurality of maps without requiring complicated conditional branch processing or the like. In addition, according to the present embodiment, selection of a parameter as a threshold value for selecting a map and tuning of a threshold value are not required as in the conventional case, so that development man-hours can be dramatically reduced. Can do.

  According to the present embodiment, the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the map is represented by “−” for the inside of the outline of the setting area and “+” for the outside of the outline of the setting area. The added signed distance is obtained, and the map having the smallest signed distance is selected. Therefore, the complex value branch processing for selecting a plurality of maps is not required, and the input value and each map A more appropriate map can be selected from a plurality of maps simply by obtaining the distance (signed distance) from the outline of the setting area. In place of the above, a code in which the input value and the outline of the setting area of the map are added with a sign that “+” is inside the outline of the setting area and “−” is outside the outline of the setting area. The attached distance may be obtained and a map having the largest signed distance may be selected.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, since the outline of the map setting area (the boundary of the measurement area) is statistically modeled, even if the outline of each map has a non-linear shape, the outline is appropriately defined. can do. Therefore, since the distance between the input value and the outline (boundary) of the setting area of each map can be obtained accurately, the map closest to the input value can be accurately extracted (selected).

  Note that, according to the present embodiment, when the input value is located outside the outline of the setting area of each of the plurality of maps, or is located within the shared area of the plurality of maps, the input value depends on the distance. Select a plurality of maps, acquire control instruction values from each of the selected maps, and interpolate the control instruction values for each acquired map according to the ratio of the distance between the input value and each map. You can also In this way, it is possible to smoothly switch maps from one map to the other map, and it is possible to reduce the stepped feeling at the time of map switching.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, it is determined whether the input value is located inside or outside the outline of the map setting area. If it is determined that the input value is located outside, the input value The value of the nearest point on the map outline for the value is determined. Then, a map is searched using the value, and a control instruction value is obtained. That is, when the input value falls outside the map setting area, the control instruction value that is included in the map setting area stored in advance and is closest to the sensor input value is selected. As a result, even when the input value is outside the map setting area, it is possible to obtain a more appropriate control instruction value in terms of control.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a gasoline engine control device has been described as an example. However, the present invention is, for example, a control of power units such as a diesel engine, an automatic transmission, an electric motor, and a fuel cell. It can also be applied to devices.

  In the above embodiment, one control instruction value is output (the estimated engine intake air amount GN '). However, two or more control instruction values may be output.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Control apparatus 10 Engine 12 Injector 13 Electronically controlled throttle valve 14 Air flow meter 17 Spark plug 26, 27 Variable valve timing mechanism 31 Throttle opening sensor 32 Cam angle sensor 33 Crank angle sensor 40 Exhaust gas recirculation device 42 EGR valve 50 ECU
51 Storage Unit 52 Distance Acquisition Unit 53 Map Selection Unit 54 Control Value Acquisition Unit 54a Nearest Neighbor Point Acquisition Unit 54b Input Value Selection Unit 54c Control Value Search Unit

Claims (8)

Detecting means for acquiring an input value of a parameter indicating an operation state of the power unit;
Storage means for storing in advance a plurality of maps defining the relationship between the input value and the control value;
Distance acquisition means for obtaining the distance between the input value acquired by the detection means and the outline of each setting area of the plurality of maps stored in the storage means;
Map selection means for selecting a map to be used from among the plurality of maps based on the distance acquired by the distance acquisition means;
Control value acquisition means for acquiring a control value of the power unit from the map selected by the map selection means. The detection means obtains input values of a plurality of parameters,
The storage means stores in advance a plurality of maps of two or more dimensions that define a relationship between input values of a plurality of parameters and one or more control values,
The control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the distance obtaining unit obtains distances between input values of the plurality of parameters and outlines of setting areas of the plurality of maps. The distance acquisition means, when determining the distance between the input value and each of the plurality of maps, the distance between the input value and the outline of the setting area of the map, "-" inside the outline of the setting area, A signed distance is obtained by adding a sign “+” outside the outline of the setting area,
The control device according to claim 1, wherein the map selection unit selects a map having the smallest signed distance. The distance acquisition means, when obtaining the distance between the input value and each of the plurality of maps, to the distance between the input value and the outline of the map setting area, "+" inside the outline of the setting area, A signed distance is obtained by adding a sign "-" outside the outline of the setting area,
The control device according to claim 1, wherein the map selection unit selects a map having the largest signed distance.   5. The control device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of maps has an outer shape of the setting area that is not rectangular.   6. The control device according to claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of maps has a contour of the setting region expressed by a statistical model. The map selection means, when the input value is located outside the outline of the setting area of each of a plurality of maps, or when located in a shared area of a plurality of maps, according to the distance, Select multiple maps,
The control value acquisition means acquires the control value from each of the selected plurality of maps, and interpolates the acquired control value for each map according to the ratio of the distance between the input value and each map. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control value is acquired. The control value acquisition means includes
It is determined whether the input value acquired by the detection means is located inside or outside the outline of the map setting area, and the input value is located outside the outline of the map. In this case, nearest neighbor point acquisition means for acquiring the value of the nearest point on the outline of the map for the input value
When it is determined by the nearest point acquisition means that the input value is located inside the outline of the map, the input value is selected, and the input value is located outside the outline of the map If determined, input value selection means for selecting the value of the nearest point;
Search the map using the value selected by the input value selection means, control value search means for obtaining a control value of the power unit;
The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

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