JP2016176092A - Electrodeposition coating method for heat exchanger - Google Patents
Electrodeposition coating method for heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016176092A JP2016176092A JP2015055190A JP2015055190A JP2016176092A JP 2016176092 A JP2016176092 A JP 2016176092A JP 2015055190 A JP2015055190 A JP 2015055190A JP 2015055190 A JP2015055190 A JP 2015055190A JP 2016176092 A JP2016176092 A JP 2016176092A
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- heat transfer
- electrodeposition
- transfer tube
- cleaning solution
- electrodeposition paint
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- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、熱交換器等の製造工程において、フィンと呼ばれる板状部材に設けられた孔に伝熱管を貫通させ固定した後に、当該伝熱管及び当該板状部材を含む熱交換器を電着塗装する方法に関する。 In the manufacturing process of a heat exchanger or the like, the present invention is to electrodeposit a heat exchanger including the heat transfer tube and the plate member after fixing the heat transfer tube through a hole provided in a plate member called a fin. It relates to the method of painting.
伝熱管を拡管する方法として、かつては、より大径の球形の金属ボール等を伝熱管内に挿入して移動させていく（押し込んでいく）ことが行われていた。しかしながら、そのような方法は、簡便であるとは言えず、作業者にとっての負担が大きかった。 In the past, as a method of expanding the heat transfer tube, a spherical metal ball having a larger diameter was inserted into the heat transfer tube and moved (pushed in). However, such a method cannot be said to be simple and has a heavy burden on the operator.
最近では、ボール等の固体の挿入物を用いることなく、高圧状態にした液体の水を用いて伝熱管を拡管することが行われている。この方法によれば、ボール等の固体の挿入物を用いる場合と比較して、より均等に圧力を伝熱管に与えることができるため、拡管後の伝熱管の真円度を極めて高く維持することができる。従って、拡管後の伝熱管をフィンに固定するための次の電着塗装工程が行いやすく、また、電着塗装後の密着性能を顕著に高めることができる。 Recently, heat transfer tubes have been expanded using liquid water in a high pressure state without using solid inserts such as balls. According to this method, compared with the case of using a solid insert such as a ball, the pressure can be applied to the heat transfer tube more evenly, so that the roundness of the heat transfer tube after the expansion is kept extremely high. Can do. Therefore, it is easy to perform the next electrodeposition coating process for fixing the heat transfer tube after the pipe expansion to the fin, and the adhesion performance after the electrodeposition coating can be remarkably enhanced.
高圧の水を用いて伝熱管を拡管させる方法は、拡管後の伝熱管の真円度を極めて高く維持できるという利点がある（特許文献１及び特許文献２参照）。従来、この利点を十分に活かすべく、伝熱管の全領域において拡管の程度が揃うような条件で、高圧水の供給が行われてきた。 The method of expanding the heat transfer tube using high-pressure water has the advantage that the roundness of the heat transfer tube after the expansion can be maintained extremely high (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). Conventionally, in order to make full use of this advantage, high-pressure water has been supplied under conditions such that the degree of expansion is uniform in the entire region of the heat transfer tube.
これに対して、本件発明者は、フィンに設けられた孔に伝熱管が十分な強度で固定されるのであれば、伝熱管の変形の程度に不揃いが存在していても、各断面における真円度は高く維持され得て、伝熱管としての性能に不利な影響は生じないことを知見した。そして更に、本件発明者は、フィンに設けられた孔を順次貫通する領域での拡管の程度より、当該領域に隣接する領域における拡管の程度を高めることによって、従来よりも強固に伝熱管をフィンに固定することができることを知見した。この知見に基づいて、本件出願人は、特願２０１５−０４８７３０を提出している。 In contrast, if the heat transfer tube is fixed with sufficient strength in the hole provided in the fin, the present inventor does not have a true shape in each cross section even if there is an irregularity in the degree of deformation of the heat transfer tube. It has been found that the circularity can be maintained high and does not adversely affect the performance as a heat transfer tube. Furthermore, the present inventor increases the degree of tube expansion in a region adjacent to the region from the level of tube expansion in a region that sequentially passes through the holes provided in the fin, thereby making the heat transfer tube stronger than in the past. It was found that it can be fixed to. Based on this knowledge, the present applicant has filed Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-048730.
ここで、本件発明者は、拡管後の伝熱管及びフィンに対する電着塗装工程の直前に当該伝熱管及びフィンを洗浄することの有用性について、鋭意検討を重ねてきた。例えば、特許文献３には、純水を用いた洗浄や、ノニオン系界面活性剤を含有させた洗浄液を用いた洗浄が、開示されている。 Here, the present inventor has intensively studied the usefulness of cleaning the heat transfer tubes and fins immediately before the electrodeposition coating process for the heat transfer tubes and fins after expansion. For example, Patent Document 3 discloses cleaning using pure water and cleaning using a cleaning liquid containing a nonionic surfactant.
本件発明者による特願２０１５−０４８７３０に開示された発明によって、フィンに設けられた孔に伝熱管を十分な強度で固定することについては、見通しが立った。しかしながら、フィンに設けられた孔の内周と伝熱管の外周との間に、ごく僅かな隙間が残存してしまって、当該隙間に存在する気泡のために電着塗装不良が生じてしまうという問題は、依然として解消できなかった。（電着塗装不良は、冷媒漏れの原因となる。）
そのような僅かな隙間を電着塗装工程による電着塗料で埋めてしまうことを意図して、本件発明者は、電着塗装工程についての様々な条件を変更して、多種多様な実験を繰り返してきた。その鋭意の努力の結果、電着塗装工程前に特殊な溶液で電着塗装対象物を洗浄することが、僅かな隙間を電着塗料で埋めることに有効であるとの知見を得るに至った。
By the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-048730 by the present inventor, it has been expected to fix the heat transfer tube with sufficient strength in the hole provided in the fin. However, a very small gap remains between the inner periphery of the hole provided in the fin and the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube, and electrodeposition coating failure occurs due to bubbles present in the gap. The problem still could not be resolved. (Poor electrodeposition coating causes refrigerant leakage.)
With the intention of filling such a small gap with the electrodeposition paint by the electrodeposition coating process, the present inventors changed various conditions for the electrodeposition coating process and repeated a variety of experiments. I came. As a result of this diligent effort, we have obtained the knowledge that cleaning electrodeposition coating objects with a special solution before the electrodeposition coating process is effective in filling small gaps with electrodeposition paint. .
本件発明者の分析によれば、所望の効果を発揮する特殊な溶液というのは、電着塗装工程において電着塗料（電着液）が前記僅かな隙間に入り込むことを促すような溶液である。これは、本件発明者による更なる分析によれば、電着塗装対象物に対する「濡れ性」が電着塗料（電着液）の溶媒（電着塗料において顔料を溶かしている液体（電着塗料−顔料））と略等しい溶液である。これは、単に不純物の除去を意図した従来の洗浄方法で用いられる液体（純水やノニオン系界面活性剤）とは、着眼点が全く異なるものである。 According to the analysis of the present inventors, the special solution that exhibits the desired effect is a solution that prompts the electrodeposition paint (electrodeposition liquid) to enter the slight gap in the electrodeposition coating process. . According to the further analysis by the present inventors, the “wetting” with respect to the electrodeposition coating object is a solvent of the electrodeposition paint (electrodeposition liquid) (the liquid in which the pigment is dissolved in the electrodeposition paint (electrodeposition paint). -A solution substantially equal to the pigment)). This is completely different from a liquid (pure water or nonionic surfactant) used in a conventional cleaning method intended to simply remove impurities.
本発明は、以上のような知見に基づいてなされたものである。本発明の目的は、電着塗装工程における電着塗料が孔の内周と伝熱管の外周との間等に残存する僅かな隙間に入り込むことを促すことによって、当該僅かな隙間を埋めてしまうことを可能にするような伝熱管の電着塗装方法を提供することである。 The present invention has been made based on the above findings. The object of the present invention is to fill the slight gap by encouraging the electrodeposition paint in the electrodeposition coating process to enter a slight gap remaining between the inner periphery of the hole and the outer periphery of the heat transfer tube. It is to provide a method for electrodeposition coating of heat transfer tubes that makes it possible.
本発明は、板状部材に設けられた孔を貫通した状態の伝熱管を電着塗料を用いて電着塗装する方法であって、前記板状部材の前記孔の周囲部及び当該孔に対する前記伝熱管の貫通部を、当該周囲部または当該貫通部に対する濡れ性において前記電着塗料の溶媒と同等の洗浄溶液によって洗浄する前処理工程と、前記前処理工程による洗浄後の前記周囲部及び前記貫通部を、前記電着塗料を用いて電着塗装する電着塗装工程と、を備えたことを特徴とする方法である。 The present invention is a method for electrodeposition-coating a heat transfer tube in a state of penetrating a hole provided in a plate-shaped member using an electrodeposition paint, the peripheral portion of the hole of the plate-shaped member and the hole with respect to the hole A pretreatment step of cleaning the penetration portion of the heat transfer tube with a cleaning solution equivalent to the solvent of the electrodeposition paint in terms of wettability with respect to the surrounding portion or the penetration portion, the surrounding portion after washing by the pretreatment step, and the And an electrodeposition coating step of electrodepositing the penetrating portion with the electrodeposition paint.
本件発明者の分析によれば、孔の周囲部及び貫通部を、当該周囲部または当該貫通部に対する濡れ性において電着塗料の溶媒と同等の洗浄溶液によって洗浄することによって、その後の電着塗装工程において電着塗料が孔の周囲部及び貫通部近傍の僅かな隙間に入り込むことが促される。このことにより、そのような僅かな隙間が残存している場合であっても、当該僅かな隙間が電着塗料によって埋められるため、電着塗装不良の発生を顕著に抑制することができる。 According to the analysis of the present inventors, the peripheral portion and the penetrating portion of the hole are washed with a cleaning solution equivalent to the solvent of the electrodeposition paint in terms of wettability with respect to the peripheral portion or the penetrating portion. In the process, the electrodeposition paint is encouraged to enter a slight gap around the hole and in the vicinity of the penetrating portion. As a result, even when such a slight gap remains, the slight gap is filled with the electrodeposition paint, so that the occurrence of electrodeposition coating defects can be remarkably suppressed.
濡れ性において同等というのは、例えば以下のような方法で確認できる。すなわち、電着塗料の溶媒の濡れ性は、一定量の当該溶媒を前記板状部材の前記孔の周囲部に滴下した時の広がり方に関する寸法によって評価され得る。例えば、一定量とは、０．１ｃｃであり、広がり方に関する寸法とは、濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）であって、板状部材の孔の周囲部がアルミ材である場合、１８ｍｍ程度である。洗浄溶液の濡れ性についても、同様に評価され得る。そして、この場合、例えば０．１ｃｃの洗浄溶液が濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）が、１８ｍｍの９０％〜１１０％の範囲内、すなわち、１６．２ｍｍ〜１９．８ｍｍの範囲内にあることが、本発明にとって好ましい洗浄溶液の条件である。 Equivalence in wettability can be confirmed, for example, by the following method. That is, the wettability of the solvent of the electrodeposition paint can be evaluated by the dimension relating to the spreading method when a certain amount of the solvent is dropped on the peripheral portion of the hole of the plate member. For example, the fixed amount is 0.1 cc, and the dimension relating to the spreading direction is the longitudinal length (maximum length) of the droplet after wetting and spreading, and the peripheral portion of the hole of the plate-like member is When it is an aluminum material, it is about 18 mm. The wettability of the cleaning solution can be similarly evaluated. In this case, for example, the longitudinal length (maximum length) of the droplet after 0.1 cc of the cleaning solution spreads wet is within the range of 90% to 110% of 18 mm, that is, 16.2 mm to 19 A preferred cleaning solution condition for the present invention is within a range of .8 mm.
本件発明者によれば、本発明にとって好適な洗浄溶液は、電着塗料をＵＦ濾過することで得ることができる。電着塗料をＵＦ濾過した溶液は、ＵＦ濾液とも呼ばれ、電着塗料中の顔料等、概ね分子量３０００以上の成分が濾過によって除去された溶液である。ＵＦとは、Ｕｌｔｒａ Ｆｉｌｔｒａｔｉｏｎ の略である。 According to the present inventors, a cleaning solution suitable for the present invention can be obtained by UF filtration of an electrodeposition paint. A solution obtained by UF-filtering the electrodeposition paint is also called a UF filtrate, and is a solution in which components such as pigments in the electrodeposition paint having a molecular weight of about 3000 or more are removed by filtration. UF is an abbreviation for Ultra Filtration.
また、洗浄溶液が電着塗料の溶媒と同一であれば、当然に本発明の効果を得ることができるが、完全に同一でなくとも、両者の主たる成分が同一であれば足りる。例えば、低分子量成分や、有機酸・夾雑イオン等については、不一致があってもよい。 In addition, if the cleaning solution is the same as the solvent for the electrodeposition paint, the effects of the present invention can be naturally obtained. However, if the cleaning solution is not completely the same, it is sufficient if the main components of both are the same. For example, there may be inconsistencies regarding low molecular weight components, organic acids / contaminating ions, and the like.
電着塗料がいわゆるカチオン電着塗料である場合、その溶媒と濡れ性において同等である洗浄溶液の一例として、重量比で、９５〜９６％（重量部）の水、３〜４％（重量部）のアルキレングルコールモノアルキルエーテル、を含む溶液が挙げられる。あるいは、重量濃度で１６〜２４％のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル溶液や、重量濃度で４〜６％のエチレングリコールモノノルマルブチルエーテル溶液も、例として挙げられる。これらの溶液は、板状部材の孔の周囲部がアルミ材である場合、それぞれの０．１ｃｃが濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）が、１６．２ｍｍ〜１９．８ｍｍの範囲内になることが確認されている。 When the electrodeposition paint is a so-called cationic electrodeposition paint, as an example of a cleaning solution that is equivalent in wettability to the solvent, 95 to 96% (parts by weight) water, 3 to 4% (parts by weight) ) Alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers). Alternatively, a propylene glycol monomethyl ether solution having a weight concentration of 16 to 24% and an ethylene glycol mononormal butyl ether solution having a weight concentration of 4 to 6% are also exemplified. In these solutions, when the peripheral portion of the hole of the plate-shaped member is made of an aluminum material, the length in the longitudinal direction (maximum length) of the liquid droplet after each 0.1 cc wet spreads is 16.2 mm to 19 It has been confirmed that it is within the range of .8 mm.
本発明によれば、孔の周囲部及び貫通部を、当該周囲部または当該貫通部に対する濡れ性において電着塗料の溶媒と同等の洗浄溶液によって洗浄することによって、その後の電着塗装工程において電着塗料が孔の周囲部及び貫通部近傍の僅かな隙間に入り込むことが促される。このことにより、そのような僅かな隙間が残存している場合であっても、当該僅かな隙間が電着塗料によって埋められるため、電着塗装不良の発生を顕著に抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, the peripheral portion and the penetrating portion of the hole are washed with a cleaning solution equivalent to the solvent for the electrodeposition paint in terms of wettability with respect to the peripheral portion or the penetrating portion. It is urged that the coating material enters a slight gap around the hole and in the vicinity of the penetration. As a result, even when such a slight gap remains, the slight gap is filled with the electrodeposition paint, so that the occurrence of electrodeposition coating defects can be remarkably suppressed.
以下に、添付の図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
図１は、本件発明者によって特願２０１５−０４８７３０において開示された、伝熱管の拡管を実現する装置の概略図である。図１に示すように、本実施の形態における板状部材は、熱交換器の構成部品であるフィン１０であり、本実施の形態における伝熱管は、熱交換器の構成部品である伝熱管２０であり、銅合金製であって、管径３／８インチ、肉厚０．８ｍｍである。フィン１０は、図１には９枚が図示されており、それぞれに伝熱管１０の貫通のための円形孔が形成されると共に、互いに平行に配置されている。そして、伝熱管２０はＵ字状であり、フィン１０の各々に形成された円形孔を順次貫通するように配置される。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for realizing the expansion of a heat transfer tube disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-048730 by the present inventors. As shown in FIG. 1, the plate-like member in the present embodiment is a fin 10 that is a component of a heat exchanger, and the heat transfer tube in the present embodiment is a heat transfer tube 20 that is a component of the heat exchanger. It is made of a copper alloy and has a tube diameter of 3/8 inch and a wall thickness of 0.8 mm. Nine fins 10 are illustrated in FIG. 1, and circular holes for penetrating the heat transfer tubes 10 are formed in the fins 10, respectively, and are arranged in parallel to each other. And the heat exchanger tube 20 is U-shaped, and is arrange | positioned so that the circular hole formed in each of the fin 10 may be penetrated sequentially.
図１の装置は、そのような状態の伝熱管２０内に水を供給するための装置である。具体的には、市水取得部から伝熱管２０の供給側（図１の上側）端部に至る供給側ラインにおいて、第１開閉バルブ３１、エア供給用バルブ３２及びポンプ３３、第２開閉バルブ３４，水圧センサ３５、フレキシブルホース３６、が当該順序で設けられており、伝熱管２０の排出側（図１の下側）端部から市水排水部に至る排出側ラインにおいて、フレキシブルホース３６、第３開閉バルブ３７、供給側ラインとの導通を開閉する第４開閉バルブ３９、が当該順序で設けられている。 The apparatus of FIG. 1 is an apparatus for supplying water into the heat transfer tube 20 in such a state. Specifically, in the supply side line from the city water acquisition unit to the supply side (upper side in FIG. 1) end of the heat transfer tube 20, the first on-off valve 31, the air supply valve 32, the pump 33, and the second on-off valve. 34, the water pressure sensor 35, and the flexible hose 36 are provided in this order. In the discharge side line from the discharge side (lower side in FIG. 1) end of the heat transfer tube 20 to the city water drainage unit, the flexible hose 36, A third on-off valve 37 and a fourth on-off valve 39 for opening and closing the connection with the supply side line are provided in this order.
これらの各構成要素は、制御部４１に接続されていて、当該制御部４１によって制御されるようになっている。また、当該制御部４１には表示部４２が接続されていて、装置の各状態を表示できるようになっている。 Each of these components is connected to the control unit 41 and is controlled by the control unit 41. In addition, a display unit 42 is connected to the control unit 41 so that each state of the apparatus can be displayed.
次に、図１の装置の作用について説明する。 Next, the operation of the apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described.
図１に示すように、複数のフィン１０の各々に設けられた円形孔にＵ字状の伝熱管２０が順次貫通された状態で、当該伝熱管２０内に水が供給される。具体的には、図１に示すように、伝熱管２０と供給側ライン及び排出側ラインとがフレキシブルホース３６によって接続され、第１開閉バルブ３１、第２開閉バルブ３４、第３開閉バルブ３７の全てが開状態とされる。これにより、伝熱管２０内のエア抜きがなされると同時に水が供給される。 As shown in FIG. 1, water is supplied into the heat transfer tube 20 in a state in which the U-shaped heat transfer tubes 20 are sequentially passed through the circular holes provided in each of the plurality of fins 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the heat transfer tube 20 is connected to the supply side line and the discharge side line by a flexible hose 36, and the first on-off valve 31, the second on-off valve 34, and the third on-off valve 37 are connected. All are opened. As a result, air is released from the heat transfer tube 20 and water is supplied at the same time.
続いて、伝熱管２０内に供給した水を所定の高圧、本例では２０．６ＭＰａ、にする。具体的には、エア供給用バルブ３２が開状態とされてポンプ３３が駆動される。そして、３０秒経過後に第３開閉バルブ３７が閉状態とされ、管内水圧の昇圧が継続される（本例の場合、約５秒間）。この際に、水圧による拡管作用が開始される。 Subsequently, the water supplied into the heat transfer tube 20 is set to a predetermined high pressure, 20.6 MPa in this example. Specifically, the air supply valve 32 is opened and the pump 33 is driven. Then, after the elapse of 30 seconds, the third opening / closing valve 37 is closed, and the pressure increase in the pipe water pressure is continued (in this example, about 5 seconds). At this time, the pipe expanding action by water pressure is started.
水圧センサ３５が所定の高圧、本例では２０．６ＭＰａ、を検出すると、第２開閉バルブ３４も閉状態とされて、伝熱管２０内の水圧状態が当該所定の高圧に維持される。この状態が所定の時間、本例では２〜３秒間、維持される。これにより、水圧による拡管作用が完了される。一方、エア供給用バルブ３２は閉状態とされて、ポンプ３３の駆動は停止される。 When the water pressure sensor 35 detects a predetermined high pressure, 20.6 MPa in this example, the second on-off valve 34 is also closed, and the water pressure state in the heat transfer tube 20 is maintained at the predetermined high pressure. This state is maintained for a predetermined time, in this example, 2 to 3 seconds. Thereby, the pipe expansion action by water pressure is completed. On the other hand, the air supply valve 32 is closed, and the drive of the pump 33 is stopped.
その後、第３開閉バルブ３７が開状態に戻されて、伝熱管２０内の水が排出される。最後に、フレキシブルホース３６が取り外されて、一連の工程が終了する。 Thereafter, the third open / close valve 37 is returned to the open state, and the water in the heat transfer tube 20 is discharged. Finally, the flexible hose 36 is removed, and a series of processes is completed.
以上のような方法によって、図２に示すように、複数のフィン１０の各々に設けられた円形孔を順次貫通する領域での伝熱管２０の直径（図２のＢ）より、当該領域に隣接する領域での伝熱管２０の直径（図２のＡ）の方が大きくなる。ここで、Ｕ字状の伝熱管２０の９個のサンプルについての拡管後の管径（外径）及び拡管率等を図３に示す。 By the method as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the heat transfer tube 20 (B in FIG. 2) in the region that sequentially passes through the circular holes provided in each of the plurality of fins 10 is adjacent to the region. The diameter (A in FIG. 2) of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region to be increased is larger. Here, the tube diameter (outer diameter), tube expansion rate, and the like after tube expansion for nine samples of the U-shaped heat transfer tube 20 are shown in FIG.
このように、複数のフィン１０の孔を順次貫通する領域での伝熱管２０の拡管の程度より当該領域に隣接する領域での伝熱管２０の拡管の程度を敢えて高くしたことによって、従来よりも強固に伝熱管２０を複数のフィン１０に固定することができる。一方、熱交換器としての性能に、不利な影響が生じることもない。 Thus, by deliberately increasing the degree of expansion of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region adjacent to the region, the degree of expansion of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region that sequentially penetrates the holes of the plurality of fins 10 is higher than in the past. The heat transfer tube 20 can be firmly fixed to the plurality of fins 10. On the other hand, there is no adverse effect on the performance as a heat exchanger.
ここで、図３に示すように、複数のフィン１０の孔を順次貫通する領域での伝熱管２０の拡管の程度（Ｂの拡管率）より当該領域に隣接する領域での伝熱管２０の拡管の程度（Ａの拡管率）を３０〜１００％高くした場合について、十分な強度での固定が実現できることが、本件発明者によって実際に確認された。 Here, as shown in FIG. 3, the expansion of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region adjacent to the region from the degree of expansion of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region that sequentially passes through the holes of the fins 10 (expansion rate of B). It was actually confirmed by the present inventor that fixing with a sufficient strength can be realized when the degree of A (expansion ratio of A) is increased by 30 to 100%.
また、拡管後の直径について見れば、図３に示すように、複数のフィン１０の各々に設けられた孔を順次貫通する領域での伝熱管２０の直径より当該領域に隣接する領域での伝熱管２０の直径の方が１．８％以上大きい場合について、十分な強度での固定が実現できることが、本件発明者によって実際に確認された。 Further, in terms of the diameter after the tube expansion, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat transfer in the region adjacent to the region is determined from the diameter of the heat transfer tube 20 in the region sequentially penetrating the holes provided in each of the plurality of fins 10. It was actually confirmed by the present inventor that fixing with sufficient strength can be realized when the diameter of the heat tube 20 is 1.8% or more.
以上の例においては、伝熱管２０が銅合金製であって、管径３／８インチ、肉厚０．８ｍｍであった。この場合、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の高圧は、２０．４〜２０．８ＭＰａであることが好ましく、２０．５〜２０．７ＭＰａであることが更に好ましい。 In the above example, the heat transfer tube 20 was made of a copper alloy and had a tube diameter of 3/8 inch and a wall thickness of 0.8 mm. In this case, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, the predetermined high pressure is preferably 20.4 to 20.8 MPa, more preferably 20.5 to 20.7 MPa.
また、伝熱管２０が銅合金製であって、管径１／２インチ（１２．７ｍｍ）、肉厚１．０ｍｍである場合には、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の高圧は、１７．９〜１８．６ＭＰａであることが好ましく、１８．０〜１８．５ＭＰａであることが更に好ましい。また、この場合においても、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の時間は、２〜３秒であることが好ましい。 Further, when the heat transfer tube 20 is made of a copper alloy and has a tube diameter of ½ inch (12.7 mm) and a wall thickness of 1.0 mm, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, a predetermined The high pressure is preferably 17.9 to 18.6 MPa, and more preferably 18.0 to 18.5 MPa. Also in this case, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, the predetermined time is preferably 2 to 3 seconds.
また、伝熱管２０が銅合金製であって、管径１／２インチ（１２．７ｍｍ）、肉厚０．８ｍｍである場合には、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の高圧は、１５．９〜１７．１ＭＰａであることが好ましく、１６．０〜１７．０ＭＰａであることが更に好ましい。また、この場合においても、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の時間は、２〜３秒であることが好ましい。 Further, when the heat transfer tube 20 is made of a copper alloy and has a tube diameter of ½ inch (12.7 mm) and a wall thickness of 0.8 mm, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, a predetermined The high pressure is preferably 15.9 to 17.1 MPa, more preferably 16.0 to 17.0 MPa. Also in this case, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, the predetermined time is preferably 2 to 3 seconds.
また、伝熱管２０が銅合金製であって、管径５／８インチ（１５．８８ｍｍ）、肉厚０．８ｍｍである場合には、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の高圧は、１３．０〜１３．６ＭＰａであることが好ましく、１３．１〜１３．５ＭＰａであることが更に好ましい。また、この場合においても、本件発明者による鋭意の実験結果によれば、所定の時間は、２〜３秒であることが好ましい。 Further, when the heat transfer tube 20 is made of a copper alloy and has a tube diameter of 5/8 inch (15.88 mm) and a wall thickness of 0.8 mm, according to the earnest experiment result by the present inventors, The high pressure is preferably 13.0 to 13.6 MPa, more preferably 13.1 to 13.5 MPa. Also in this case, according to the earnest experimental results by the present inventors, the predetermined time is preferably 2 to 3 seconds.
さて、以上に説明した特願２０１５−０４８７３０に開示された方法によって、フィン１０に設けられた孔に伝熱管２０を十分な強度で固定することについては、見通しが立った。しかしながら、前述の通り、フィン１０に設けられた孔の内周と伝熱管２０の外周との間に、ごく僅かな隙間が残存してしまって、当該隙間に存在する気泡のために電着塗装不良が生じてしまうという問題は、依然として解消するには至らなかった。 Now, there has been a prospect for fixing the heat transfer tube 20 with sufficient strength to the hole provided in the fin 10 by the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-048730 described above. However, as described above, a very slight gap remains between the inner circumference of the hole provided in the fin 10 and the outer circumference of the heat transfer tube 20, and the electrodeposition coating is performed due to the bubbles present in the gap. The problem of defects has not been solved yet.
本発明は、そのような僅かな隙間を電着塗装工程による電着塗料で埋めてしまうことを狙って、そのような作用を促進するための前処理を導入するものである。具体的には、フィン１０の孔の周囲部及び伝熱管２０の貫通部を、あるいは、それら部位を含む熱交換器の全体を、当該周囲部または当該貫通部に対する「濡れ性」において電着塗料の溶媒と同等の洗浄溶液によって洗浄するという前処理を導入するものである。 The present invention introduces a pretreatment for promoting such an action, aiming at filling such a small gap with an electrodeposition paint by an electrodeposition coating process. Specifically, the electrodeposition paint is applied to the peripheral portion of the hole of the fin 10 and the penetration portion of the heat transfer tube 20 or the entire heat exchanger including those portions in “wetting” with respect to the peripheral portion or the penetration portion. A pretreatment of washing with a washing solution equivalent to the above solvent is introduced.
このような前処理によって、その後の電着塗装工程において電着塗料がフィン１０の孔の周囲部及び伝熱管２０の貫通部近傍の僅かな隙間に入り込むことが促される。このことにより、そのような僅かな隙間が残存している場合であっても、当該僅かな隙間が電着塗料によって埋められるため、電着塗装不良の発生を顕著に抑制することができる。電着塗装不良の部位が存在すると、当該部位の保護が不十分となって腐食が生じ、冷媒漏れ（リーク）を生じさせてしまうことがある。冷媒漏れの防止は、環境影響上、重要な課題である。電着塗装不良の発生を顕著に抑制することができれば、この課題を克服することに大きく貢献できる。 By such pretreatment, in the subsequent electrodeposition coating process, the electrodeposition paint is urged to enter a slight gap around the hole of the fin 10 and in the vicinity of the through portion of the heat transfer tube 20. As a result, even when such a slight gap remains, the slight gap is filled with the electrodeposition paint, so that the occurrence of electrodeposition coating defects can be remarkably suppressed. If there is a portion with poor electrodeposition coating, protection of the portion is insufficient, corrosion occurs, and refrigerant leakage (leakage) may occur. Prevention of refrigerant leakage is an important issue in terms of environmental impact. If the occurrence of poor electrodeposition coating can be significantly suppressed, it can greatly contribute to overcoming this problem.
濡れ性において同等というのは、例えば以下のような方法で確認できる。すなわち、電着塗料の溶媒の濡れ性は、０．１ｃｃの当該溶媒を例えばアルミ材からなるフィン１０の孔の周囲部に滴下した時に濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）として評価されて、電着塗料がカチオン電着塗料である場合、１８ｍｍ程度である。洗浄溶液の濡れ性についても、同様に評価され得て、すなわち、０．１ｃｃの洗浄溶液を例えばアルミ材からなるフィン１０の孔の周囲部に滴下した時に濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）として評価され得る。後者の長さが前者の長さの９０％〜１１０％の範囲内であること、すなわち、電着塗料がカチオン電着塗料である場合、後者の長さが１６．２ｍｍ〜１９．８ｍｍの範囲内にあることが、本発明にとって好ましい洗浄溶液の条件である。 Equivalence in wettability can be confirmed, for example, by the following method. That is, the wettability of the electrodeposition paint solvent is determined by the longitudinal length (maximum length) of the droplet after wetting and spreading when 0.1 cc of the solvent is dropped onto the periphery of the hole of the fin 10 made of, for example, an aluminum material. When the electrodeposition paint is a cationic electrodeposition paint, it is about 18 mm. The wettability of the cleaning solution can also be evaluated in the same way, that is, the longitudinal direction of the droplet after wetting and spreading when 0.1 cc of the cleaning solution is dropped onto the periphery of the hole of the fin 10 made of, for example, an aluminum material. It can be evaluated as a length (maximum length). The latter length is in the range of 90% to 110% of the former length, that is, when the electrodeposition paint is a cationic electrodeposition paint, the latter length is in the range of 16.2 mm to 19.8 mm. It is a preferred cleaning solution condition for the present invention to be within.
洗浄溶液が電着塗料の溶媒と同一であれば、当然にこの条件を満たすことができる。また、低分子量成分や有機酸・夾雑イオン等について不一致があっても、主たる成分が電着塗料の溶媒と同一である洗浄溶液は、前記条件を満たすことができる。例えば、電着塗料をＵＦ濾過して、電着塗料中の顔料等、概ね分子量３０００以上の成分が濾過によって除去された溶液（ＵＦ濾液）も、前記条件を満たすことができる。このＵＦ濾液の成分を摸した溶液、具体的には、重量比で、９５〜９６％（重量部）の水、３〜４％（重量部）のアルキレングルコールモノアルキルエーテル、を含む溶液についても、前記条件を満たすことができる。 If the cleaning solution is the same as the solvent for the electrodeposition paint, this condition can naturally be satisfied. Moreover, even if there is a discrepancy with respect to a low molecular weight component, an organic acid, a contaminated ion, or the like, a cleaning solution in which the main component is the same as the solvent for the electrodeposition paint can satisfy the above conditions. For example, a solution (UF filtrate) in which components having a molecular weight of 3000 or more, such as pigments in the electrodeposition paint, are removed by filtration by UF filtration of the electrodeposition paint can satisfy the above conditions. A solution containing the components of the UF filtrate, specifically, a solution containing 95 to 96% (parts by weight) of water and 3 to 4% (parts by weight) of alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether by weight. Can also satisfy the above conditions.
更に、本件発明者による鋭意の検討により、重量濃度で１６〜２４％のプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル溶液や、重量濃度で４〜６％のエチレングリコールモノノルマルブチルエーテル溶液も、前記条件を満たすことが確認された。これらの溶液が濡れ広がった後の液滴の長手方向長さ（最大長さ）について、重量濃度毎に、実験結果を図４に纏めて示す。 Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have intensively confirmed that a propylene glycol monomethyl ether solution having a weight concentration of 16 to 24% and an ethylene glycol mononormal butyl ether solution having a weight concentration of 4 to 6% satisfy the above conditions. It was. FIG. 4 summarizes the experimental results for each weight concentration with respect to the length in the longitudinal direction (maximum length) of the droplet after the solution spreads wet.
また、本発明の実施の形態として、本発明にとって好ましい洗浄溶液の一例であるＵＦ濾液を用いた前処理工程の後で、フィン１０の孔の周囲部及び伝熱管２０の貫通部を含む熱交換器の全体に、カチオン電着塗料を用いた電着塗装工程が施された。電着塗装後の状態をマイクロスコープ写真を撮影して評価した所（３０箇所にて評価）、電着塗装不良は全く認められなかった。 Further, as an embodiment of the present invention, after the pretreatment step using the UF filtrate, which is an example of a cleaning solution preferable for the present invention, heat exchange including the peripheral portion of the hole of the fin 10 and the through portion of the heat transfer tube 20 is performed. The entire vessel was subjected to an electrodeposition coating process using a cationic electrodeposition paint. When the state after the electrodeposition coating was evaluated by taking a microscope photograph (evaluation at 30 locations), no electrodeposition coating failure was found.
比較例として、純水を洗浄溶液として用いて洗浄を行った後に電着塗装が施された場合についても、電着塗装後の状態をマイクロスコープ写真を撮影して評価した所（同様に３０箇所にて評価）、約半数の箇所で電着塗装不良（塗り残し）が認められた。 As a comparative example, even when electrodeposition coating was performed after cleaning using pure water as a cleaning solution, the state after electrodeposition coating was evaluated by taking a microscope photograph (similarly 30 locations) ), And poor electrodeposition coating (unpainted) was observed in about half of the places.
更に、図５に示すように、Ｕ字状管と板状部材とからなるテストピースが作成されて、当該テストピースに、本発明にとって好ましい洗浄溶液の一例であるＵＦ濾液を用いた前処理工程と、カチオン電着塗料を用いた電着塗装工程と、が施された。そして、そのような電着塗装後のテストピースについて、図５に示すような装置によって、耐腐食試験が行われた。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, a test piece comprising a U-shaped tube and a plate-like member is prepared, and a pretreatment step using a UF filtrate, which is an example of a cleaning solution preferable for the present invention, for the test piece. And an electrodeposition coating process using a cationic electrodeposition paint. And about the test piece after such an electrodeposition coating, the corrosion resistance test was done with the apparatus as shown in FIG.
図５の装置は、並列に配置された複数のテストピースに対して、スプレーノズル５３によって上方から腐食液を噴霧する装置である。腐食液タンク５２の腐食液は、エアー供給部５２からの工場エアーと共に、スプレーノズル５３へと供給される。装置内部にはヒータ５８が設けられていて、必要に応じて加熱されるようになっている。その他、図５の装置には、温度計５４、温度計用温度センサ５５、サーモスタット５６、サーモスタット用温度センサ５７、等が設けられている。 The apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is an apparatus that sprays a corrosive liquid from above on a plurality of test pieces arranged in parallel by a spray nozzle 53. The corrosive liquid in the corrosive liquid tank 52 is supplied to the spray nozzle 53 together with the factory air from the air supply unit 52. A heater 58 is provided inside the apparatus and is heated as necessary. 5 includes a thermometer 54, a thermometer temperature sensor 55, a thermostat 56, a thermostat temperature sensor 57, and the like.
図５の装置を用いた具体的な実験として、電着塗装後のテストピースに対して、上方から腐食液を噴射し続けて（約２週間）、腐食発生の有無が検証された。腐食液は、塩酸溶液、硝酸溶液、硫酸溶液、ギ酸溶液、酢酸溶液、アンモニア溶液の６種類が用意され、それぞれ個別に実験された。その結果、いずれの腐食液によっても、腐食発生は全く認められなかった。 As a specific experiment using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, the test piece after electrodeposition coating was continuously sprayed with a corrosive liquid from above (about 2 weeks), and the presence or absence of corrosion was verified. Six types of corrosive solutions, hydrochloric acid solution, nitric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution, formic acid solution, acetic acid solution, and ammonia solution, were prepared and individually tested. As a result, no corrosion was observed in any of the corrosive liquids.
１０ フィン
２０ Ｕ字状伝熱管
３１ 第１開閉バルブ
３２ エア供給用バルブ
３３ ポンプ
３４ 第２開閉バルブ
３５ 水圧センサ
３６ フレキシブルホース
３７ 第３開閉バルブ
３９ 第４開閉バルブ
４１ 制御部
４２ 表示部
５１ 腐食液タンク
５２ エアー供給部
５３ スプレーノズル
５４ 温度計
５５ 温度計用温度センサ
５６ サーモスタット
５７ サーモスタット用温度センサ
５８ ヒータ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Fin 20 U-shaped heat exchanger tube 31 1st opening / closing valve 32 Air supply valve 33 Pump 34 2nd opening / closing valve 35 Water pressure sensor 36 Flexible hose 37 3rd opening / closing valve 39 4th opening / closing valve 41 Control part 42 Display part 51 Corrosion liquid Tank 52 Air supply unit 53 Spray nozzle 54 Thermometer 55 Thermometer temperature sensor 56 Thermostat 57 Thermostat temperature sensor 58 Heater
Claims (10)
前記板状部材の前記孔の周囲部及び当該孔に対する前記伝熱管の貫通部を、当該周囲部または当該貫通部に対する濡れ性において前記電着塗料の溶媒と同等の洗浄溶液によって洗浄する前処理工程と、
前記前処理工程による洗浄後の前記周囲部及び前記貫通部を、前記電着塗料を用いて電着塗装する電着塗装工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする方法。 A method of electrodeposition coating a heat transfer tube in a state of penetrating a hole provided in a plate-like member using an electrodeposition paint,
A pretreatment step of cleaning the peripheral portion of the hole of the plate-like member and the penetration portion of the heat transfer tube with respect to the hole with a cleaning solution equivalent to the solvent of the electrodeposition paint in terms of wettability to the peripheral portion or the penetration portion. When,
An electrodeposition coating step of electrodepositing the peripheral portion and the penetrating portion after washing by the pretreatment step using the electrodeposition coating;
A method characterized by comprising:
前記洗浄溶液の濡れ性は、前記一定量の当該洗浄溶液を前記板状部材の前記孔の周囲部に滴下した時の広がり方に関する寸法によって評価され、
前記洗浄溶液に関する前記寸法は、前記溶媒に関する前記寸法の９０％〜１１０％の範囲内にある
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の方法。 The wettability of the solvent of the electrodeposition paint is evaluated by the dimensions related to the spreading method when a certain amount of the solvent is dropped on the periphery of the hole of the plate-like member,
The wettability of the cleaning solution is evaluated by the dimensions related to the spreading method when the fixed amount of the cleaning solution is dropped onto the periphery of the hole of the plate member,
The method of claim 1, wherein the dimension for the cleaning solution is in the range of 90% to 110% of the dimension for the solvent.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning solution is the same as a solvent of the electrodeposition paint.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning solution has the same main component as the solvent of the electrodeposition paint.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning solution is a solution obtained by UF filtration of the electrodeposition paint.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning solution is a solution containing 95 to 96% water and 3 to 4% alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether by weight.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the washing solution is a propylene glycol monomethyl ether solution having a concentration of 16 to 24% by weight.
ことを特徴とする請求項１または２に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cleaning solution is an ethylene glycol mono-normal butyl ether solution having a weight concentration of 4 to 6%.
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| JP2018084374A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat exchanger and freezer |
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