JP2016160130A - Method for producing active carbon - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、水質改善又は土壌改良に利用することのできる活性炭の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing activated carbon that can be used for water quality improvement or soil improvement.
先進国や発展途上国の経済発展に伴うエネルギーの枯渇が問題視される中、今後、炭化物から水性ガス（主に水素）を取り出し、化石燃料の代替としてエネルギーを利用することが増えると予想される。したがって、その副産物としての炭化物を再利用することは、エコロジーの観点からも、今以上に求められることになる。発明者らは、水質改善又は土壌改良のために、炭化物の再利用を模索した。従来、炭化物に、菌類や触媒を担持する方法は知られている（例えば、特許文献１、２参照）。 As the depletion of energy associated with economic development in developed and developing countries is seen as a problem, it is expected that water gas (mainly hydrogen) will be extracted from carbides and used as an alternative to fossil fuels in the future. The Therefore, reusing the carbide as a by-product is more demanded from the viewpoint of ecology. The inventors sought to reuse carbide for water quality improvement or soil improvement. Conventionally, methods for supporting fungi and catalysts on carbides are known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
しかし、従来の活性炭では、吸着能はあるものの、イオン交換、殺菌、溶存酸素発生能という水質改善や土壌改良に優位となる機能を十分発揮するまでには至らないという問題があった。 However, although the conventional activated carbon has an adsorption capacity, there has been a problem that it does not reach a sufficient function for water quality improvement and soil improvement such as ion exchange, sterilization, and dissolved oxygen generation ability.
そこで、本発明は、水質改善又は土壌改良に適する活性炭の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 Then, an object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the activated carbon suitable for water quality improvement or soil improvement.
本発明の第１の態様は、
植物酵素希釈水にチタン化合物の水溶液と暗所触媒を加えた混合水溶液を精製する処理液生成ステップ、前記混合水溶液を１００℃以上に加熱して蒸気を発生する蒸気発生ステップ、前記蒸気を粉末状の炭化物に散布し撹拌する散布ステップ、さらに糖蜜を前記炭化物に混練させ混練物を得る混練ステップを含むことを特徴とする活性炭の製造方法を提供する。本願において、「暗所触媒」には、光がなくても触媒能を発揮する触媒を含み、暗所のみで触媒としての機能を発揮するものに限らない。
The first aspect of the present invention is:
A treatment liquid generating step for purifying a mixed aqueous solution obtained by adding an aqueous solution of a titanium compound and a dark place catalyst to plant enzyme dilution water, a steam generating step for generating steam by heating the mixed aqueous solution to 100 ° C. or higher, and the steam in powder form There is provided a method for producing activated carbon, characterized by comprising a spraying step of spraying and stirring on the carbides, and a kneading step of kneading molasses with the carbides to obtain a kneaded product. In the present application, the “dark catalyst” includes a catalyst that exhibits catalytic ability even without light, and is not limited to a catalyst that functions as a catalyst only in the dark.
さらに、前記混練物を加圧する加圧ステップを含むことが好ましい。あるいは、さらに、前記混練物を造粒して球状とする造粒ステップを含むことが好ましい。 Furthermore, it is preferable to include a pressurizing step for pressurizing the kneaded product. Alternatively, it is preferable to further include a granulating step for granulating the kneaded product into a spherical shape.
前記炭化物が、粒径が１０μｍ以上２５０μｍ以下であることが好ましい。粒径が１０μｍ未満であると、団粒化してしまい、２５０μｍより大きいと、固まりにくい。 It is preferable that the carbide has a particle size of 10 μm or more and 250 μm or less. When the particle size is less than 10 μm, the particles are aggregated, and when the particle size is more than 250 μm, the particles are hardly solidified.
前記植物酵素希釈水が、アロエを主体とする植物から抽出した液を主体とした発酵液を水で１００倍以上１５０００倍以下に希釈した希釈水であることが好ましい。希釈水の濃度について、発酵液を１５０００倍より薄めると炭化物への付着量が少なくなり、発酵液が１００倍より濃いと、蒸気にした時に重くて噴霧しにくい。 The plant enzyme-diluted water is preferably diluted water obtained by diluting a fermented liquid mainly composed of a liquid extracted from a plant mainly composed of aloe to 100 times to 15000 times with water. As for the concentration of the diluted water, if the fermentation broth is diluted 15000 times, the amount of adhesion to the carbide decreases, and if the fermentation broth is more than 100 times, it is heavy and difficult to spray when steamed.
本発明の活性炭の製造方法によれば、水質改善又は土壌改良に適する活性炭を得ることができる。 According to the method for producing activated carbon of the present invention, activated carbon suitable for water quality improvement or soil improvement can be obtained.
以下、本発明の活性炭の製造方法の一実施形態について、実施例を用いて具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, although one Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the activated carbon of this invention is described concretely using an Example, this invention is not limited to these.
本発明の実施例１の活性炭の製造方法は、植物酵素希釈水にチタン化合物の水溶液と暗所触媒を加えた混合水溶液を精製する処理液生成ステップ、前記混合水溶液を１００℃以上に加熱して蒸気を発生する蒸気発生ステップ、前記蒸気を粉末状の炭化物に散布し撹拌する散布ステップ、さらに糖蜜を前記炭化物に混練させ混練物を得る混練ステップ、さらに、混練物を加圧する加圧ステップを含む。 The method for producing activated carbon according to Example 1 of the present invention includes a treatment liquid generation step for purifying a mixed aqueous solution obtained by adding an aqueous solution of a titanium compound and a dark place catalyst to plant enzyme dilution water, and heating the mixed aqueous solution to 100 ° C. or higher. A steam generation step for generating steam, a spraying step for spraying the steam on powdered carbide and stirring, a kneading step for kneading molasses with the carbide to obtain a kneaded product, and a pressurizing step for pressurizing the kneaded product .
＜粉末状の炭化物＞
炭化物の原料は、本発明の製造方法においては、多孔質の炭化物となるものであれば、特に限定されるものではなく、ヤシ殻、杉の木、コーヒー豆等の植物性炭素質原料、石炭、石炭コークス、石油コークス、フェノール樹脂等を炭化したものや、ＰＡＮ系炭素繊維が使用できる。例えば、樹脂等を６００〜８００℃程度で炭化させ粉末化したものや２００〜３００℃程度で炭化させた活性炭を粉末化したものが挙げられる。粒径が１０μｍ以上２５０μｍ以下である粒子であることが好ましく、本実施例では、平均粒度１００μｍ（５０％以上）である粉末状の炭化物を使用した。本実施例では、炭化物として、木質材を１２００℃で炭化したものを使用した。
<Powdered carbide>
The raw material of the carbide is not particularly limited as long as it becomes a porous carbide in the production method of the present invention. Plant carbonaceous raw material such as coconut shell, cedar tree, coffee bean, coal Carbonized carbon such as coal coke, petroleum coke, phenol resin, or PAN-based carbon fiber can be used. For example, those obtained by carbonizing a resin or the like at about 600 to 800 ° C. and powdered activated carbon obtained by carbonizing at about 200 to 300 ° C. can be mentioned. The particles preferably have a particle size of 10 μm or more and 250 μm or less. In this example, powdered carbide having an average particle size of 100 μm (50% or more) was used. In this example, a carbonized material obtained by carbonizing a wood material at 1200 ° C. was used.
＜植物酵素希釈水＞
植物酵素希釈水は、植物由来の酵素を含む水溶液で、アロエを主体とする植物から抽出した液を主体とした発酵液を水で１００倍以上１５０００倍以下に希釈した希釈水であることが好ましい。アロエの他、黒糖やパイン酵素類等を含むことが好ましい。本実施例に用いる発酵液は次のように製造した複数種類の混合発酵植物液であるが、これに限定されない。
<Plant enzyme dilution water>
The plant enzyme-diluted water is an aqueous solution containing a plant-derived enzyme, and is preferably diluted water obtained by diluting a fermented liquid mainly composed of a liquid extracted from a plant mainly composed of aloe with water to 100 times to 15000 times. . In addition to aloe, it preferably contains brown sugar, pine enzymes and the like. Although the fermented liquor used for a present Example is several types of mixed fermented plant liquid manufactured as follows, it is not limited to this.
本実施例に用いる植物酵素希釈水は以下のように製造する。
（第１液：第１の黒糖アロエ液）
まずは第１液を作成した。キダチアロエ１５ｋｇに対し、黒糖１５ｋｇ、はちみつ７ｋｇ、梅エキス５００ｃｃ、濃縮ミネラル液１００ｃｃの割合で混合し、１週間熟成し、液を搾取して、搾りとった液を第１液とした。上記濃縮ミネラル液は、海水を５０倍に濃縮して作成した。アロエは１００万分の１ｍｍの大きさまで微粒子化処理して使用する。以下、アロエ及びアロエベラをはじめとする植物は同様に処理する。これによりイオン化されやすくなる。
（第２液：第２の黒糖アロエ液）
次に第２液を作成した。アロエエキス３０リットルに対し、ブラウンシュガー１５ｋｇ、黒糖１５ｋｇ、自然塩２００ｇの割合で混合し、混合した液を煮溶かして得た液を第２液とした。
（第３液：野菜エキス液）
次に第３液を作成した。第３液は、混合材Ａからの抽出液である抽出液Ａをはじめとする４種類の抽出液から作成する植物由来エキス液である。
まずは、長茄子、キュウリ、マッシュルーム、かぼちゃ、絹さや、いんげん、まいたけ、しめじ、小松菜、オレンジ、竹の子、ショウガ、フキ葉、梨、ふきのとう、にがうり、ほうれん草、紅玉、アロエベラ、青リンゴ、いちじく、セロリ、洋梨、はこべ、米ぬか、はぶ茶、ハスの葉、ウコン、黒豆、シイタケ、黄粉、まつたけ、ゴマ、クマザサ、しいの実、伊予柑、ザボン、プルーン、枝豆、エノキ茸、ピーマン、かぶ、柿葉、マンゴー、いちご、バジリコ、パイナップル、トマト、シシトウ、里芋、春菊、エシャレット葡萄、柿、月桂樹、洋梨、メロン、赤じそ、ほうじ茶、はと麦、人参、キウイ、クワイ、山うど、柚子、ライム、キンカン、ハス、レモン、とうがん、ジャスミン、ニンニク、松葉、玉葱、ターサ、芋がら、ブロッコリー、クレソン、みかん、グレープフルーツ、パパイヤ、パセリ、京みぶな、おおばこ、梅エキス、ワラビ、どくだみ、山芋、カリフラワー、アスパラ、銀杏葉、セリ、ザクロ、ツルムラサキ、菜の花、プ―アール、山クラゲ、そばの実、ペパーミント、花梨、ムラベツ、キャベツ、グリーンリーフ、根三ツ葉、サラダ菜、レタス、京菜、小豆、大根、タンポポ、ルイボス、からしな、空豆、なめこ、たらの芽、紅だて、ラディッシュ、葉玉葱、ニラ、ポンカン、水仙、わかめ、スペアミント、落花生、ピスタチオ、じゃが芋、枇杷薫、杏、ハイビスカス、くるみ、レモンバーベナ、レモンパーム、レモングラス、カモマイルジャーマン、レモンディライト、赤とさか、青とさか、伊勢海老キチンキトサンの１３７種の各材料を、それぞれが少なくとも重量比で０．２％以上の割合になるような任意の割合で、皮や殻など全て丸ごと混合し、混合材Ａとして作成した。混合材Ａ１ｋｇに対し１.５リットルのアルコールの割合で、抽出を行い、抽出液Ａ（アルコール抽出液）とした。
次に、にんにく、青梅、キダチアロエの各材料を、それぞれが少なくとも重量比で１０％以上の割合になるような任意の割合で、皮など全て丸ごと混合し、混合材Ｂとして作成した。混合材Ｂ１ｋｇに対し１ｋｇの黒糖の割合で、抽出を行い、抽出液Ｂ（糖抽出液）とした。抽出液Ｂの抽出法は、糖抽出すなわち糖による浸透圧を利用した抽出である。
さらに、ウコン、大根、人参、メシマコブ、レイシ、アガリスク、牛蒡、米ぬか、スギナの各材料を、それぞれが少なくとも重量比で５％以上の割合になるような任意の割合で、皮など全て丸ごと混合し、混合材Ｃとして作成した。混合材Ｃを煮沸して抽出を行い、抽出液Ｃ（煮沸抽出液）とした。
また、ウコンエキス、クマザサ液、クレソン液、スギナ液、ゴボウエキス、にんにくエキス、ワラビエキス、赤シソエキス、マイタケエキス、メシマコブエキス、レイシエキス、アガリスクエキス、大根エキス、人参エキス、羅漢花エキス、オオバエキス、シシトウエキス、昆布エキスの各材料を、大根エキスのみ２倍量で他は全て同じ重量ずつの割合で、皮など全て丸ごと混合し、混合材Ｄとして作成した。混合材Ｄ１ｋｇに対し１.５リットルのアルコールの割合で、抽出を行い、抽出液Ｄ（アルコール抽出液）とした。抽出液Ｄは、水質改善の機能強化剤としての役割を果たす。
抽出液Ａ、抽出液Ｂ、抽出液Ｃ、抽出液Ｄを、それぞれが少なくとも重量比で１０％以上の割合になるような任意の割合で、混合し、第３液とした。
（第４液：キダチアロエエキス液）
次に、第４液を作成した。みじん切りにしたキダチアロエ１３ｋｇを２０リットルのポリタンクにいれて、３５度の焼酎をポリタンクが満杯になるまで注ぐ。１週間放置した後、液を搾取した。搾取した液を第４液とした。第４液はキダチアロエのアルコール漬け液である。第４液の原料は、アロエの中でも特に、薬効の高いキダチアロエが適する。
（第５液：アロエベラエキス液）
次に、第５液を作成した。みじん切りにしたアロエベラ１３ｋｇを２０リットルのポリタンクにいれて、３５度の焼酎をポリタンクが満杯になるまで注ぐ。１週間放置した後、液を搾取した。搾取した液を第５液とした。第５液はアロエベラのアルコール漬け液である。第５液は、食用可能であるアロエベラを用いることが好ましい。
（第６液：米ぬかエキス液）
次に、第６液を作成した。米ぬか１ｋｇに対し２リットルの水の割合で混合し、１時間煮た。１昼夜放置した後、濾過してエキスを搾取した。搾取した液を第６液とした。第６液は米ぬか液である。
（第７液：ベース液）
上述した第１液、第２液、第３液、第４液、第５液及び第６液、はちみつ、前記濃縮ミネラル液、プロポリス液、キチンキトサンエキスを、それぞれが少なくとも重量比で５％以上の割合になるような任意の割合で、混合し、第７液とした。
（第８液：リサイクル液）
前記第１液〜第６液を作成する過程で排出された搾りカス１ｋｇに対し黒糖５００ｇ、はちみつ５００ｇの割合で混合し、１週間熟成して、液を搾取した。搾取した液を第８液とした。
（第９液：発酵液）
上述した第７液に、前記濃縮ミネラル液及び草木灰を、第７液が少なくとも６０％以上、その他がそれぞれ重量比で１％以上２０％以内の割合になるような任意の割合で混合し、かかる混合液に、第７液のもとである第１液、第４液、第５液及び第６液と、第８液とを、それぞれ全体量の１０％以下となる範囲で加えて全体量を調整し、２週間程度常温にて保管して発酵させ、酸味がでてきたら、煮沸殺菌を行って、本実施例に用いる発酵液を作成した。前記濃縮ミネラル液はミネラル分として、草木灰は灰分として加えた。草木灰は、草木を焼いてつくった灰である。本実施例に用いる発酵液には、野菜等から作られた酵素が含まれ、完全に溶解している状態となっている。本実施例では黒糖を用いたが、ブドウ糖等、他の糖でもよい。すなわち、本実施例で用いる発酵液は複数種類の植物液を原料とし発酵して製造される混合発酵植物液である。
（第１０液：植物発酵希釈水）
本実施例では、上述した第９液を１０００倍に希釈し、植物発酵希釈水を得た。希釈率としては、炭化物へ十分付着させること及び蒸気にした時の噴霧のしやすさから、１００倍以上１５０００倍以下が好ましい。
The plant enzyme dilution water used in this example is produced as follows.
(First liquid: first brown sugar aloe liquid)
First, the first liquid was prepared. Mixed with 15 kg brown sugar, 15 kg brown sugar, 7 kg honey, 500 cc plum extract and 100 cc concentrated mineral liquid, aged for 1 week, squeezed the liquid, and the squeezed liquid was used as the first liquid. The concentrated mineral liquid was prepared by concentrating seawater 50 times. Aloe is used after being microparticulated to a size of 1 / 1,000,000 mm. Hereinafter, plants including aloe and aloe vera are treated in the same manner. This facilitates ionization.
(Second liquid: second brown sugar aloe liquid)
Next, the 2nd liquid was created. The liquid obtained by mixing 15 kg of aloe extract with 15 kg of brown sugar, 15 kg of brown sugar and 200 g of natural salt and boiled the mixed liquid was used as the second liquid.
(3rd liquid: Vegetable extract liquid)
Next, a third liquid was prepared. The third liquid is a plant-derived extract liquid prepared from four types of extract liquids including the extract liquid A that is an extract liquid from the mixed material A.
First of all, long eggplant, cucumber, mushroom, pumpkin, silk sheath, green beans, maitake, shimeji, komatsuna, orange, bamboo shoots, ginger, burdock leaves, pears, fukinoto, garlic, spinach, red balls, aloe vera, green apple, figs, celery, Pear, rice bran, rice bran, habu tea, lotus leaf, turmeric, black bean, shiitake mushroom, yellow powder, matsutake, sesame seeds, kumazasa, shinnomi, iyokan, pomelo, prunes, green soybeans, green pepper, green pepper, turnip , Mango, strawberry, basil, pineapple, tomato, shishito, taro, spring chrysanthemum, shallot, salmon, laurel, pear, melon, red curd, roasted tea, hato barley, carrot, kiwi, quill, mountain udon, eggplant, lime, kumquat , Lotus, lemon, tongan, jasmine, garlic, pine needles, onion, tarsa, garlic, broccoli , Watercress, mandarin, grapefruit, papaya, parsley, kyo mibana, aunt, plum extract, bracken, dodomi, yam, cauliflower, asparagus, ginkgo leaf, seri, pomegranate, muramuraki, rape blossoms, puer, mountain jellyfish, buckwheat Fruit, peppermint, quince, murabec, cabbage, green leaf, roots three roots, salad vegetables, lettuce, Kyoto vegetables, red beans, radish, dandelion, rooibos, mustard, empty beans, nameko, tara bud, red radish, radish, Leaf ball candy, leek, ponkan, narcissus, seaweed, spearmint, peanut, pistachio, potato, persimmon, apricot, hibiscus, walnut, lemon verbena, lemon palm, lemongrass, camomile german, lemon delight, red and fish, blue and fish, Each of the 137 kinds of Ise shrimp chitin chitosan is small In any proportion such that the ratio of more than 0.2% Kutomo weight, all such skins or shells mixed whole was prepared as a mixed material A. Extraction was performed at a ratio of 1.5 liters of alcohol to 1 kg of the mixed material A to obtain an extract A (alcohol extract).
Next, each material of garlic, ome, and kidachi aloe was mixed at the arbitrary ratio so that each would be a ratio of at least 10% by weight, and all the skins and the like were mixed together to prepare a mixed material B. Extraction was performed at a ratio of 1 kg of brown sugar to 1 kg of the mixed material B to obtain an extract B (sugar extract). The extraction method of the extract B is sugar extraction, that is, extraction using osmotic pressure due to sugar.
In addition, all the ingredients such as turmeric, radish, carrot, mesimacob, litchi, agarisk, gyudon, rice bran, and horsetail are mixed at the desired ratio of at least 5% by weight. It was prepared as a mixed material C. The mixed material C was boiled and extracted to obtain an extract C (boiled extract).
In addition, turmeric extract, Kumazasa liquid, watercress liquid, cedar liquid, burdock extract, garlic extract, bracken extract, red perilla extract, maitake extract, rice mushroom extract, litchi extract, agarisk extract, radish extract, carrot extract, rahan flower extract, olive extract Each of the Shishito extract and kelp extract was mixed as a mixture D by mixing the whole radish extract and the other all in the same weight ratio, all in the same weight. Extraction was performed at a ratio of 1.5 liters of alcohol to 1 kg of the mixed material D to obtain an extract D (alcohol extract). The extract D serves as a function enhancer for improving water quality.
The extraction liquid A, the extraction liquid B, the extraction liquid C, and the extraction liquid D were mixed at an arbitrary ratio such that each ratio was at least 10% by weight to obtain a third liquid.
(4th liquid: Kidachi aloe extract liquid)
Next, the 4th liquid was created. Pour 13 kg of chopped Kidachi Aloe into a 20 liter plastic tank and pour 35 degrees of shochu until the plastic tank is full. After leaving for one week, the liquid was extracted. The extracted liquid was designated as the fourth liquid. The fourth liquid is an alcoholic solution of Kidachi Aloe. As the raw material of the fourth liquid, particularly high altitude medicinal aloe is suitable among aloe.
(5th liquid: Aloe vera extract)
Next, the 5th liquid was created. Pour 13 kg of chopped aloe vera into a 20 liter plastic tank and pour 35 degrees of shochu until the plastic tank is full. After leaving for one week, the liquid was extracted. The extracted liquid was designated as the fifth liquid. The fifth liquid is an aloe vera alcoholic solution. The fifth liquid is preferably edible aloe vera.
(6th liquid: Rice bran extract)
Next, a sixth liquid was prepared. 2 kg of water was mixed with 1 kg of rice bran and boiled for 1 hour. After leaving it for one day and night, it was filtered to extract the extract. The liquid extracted was designated as the sixth liquid. The sixth liquid is rice bran liquid.
(Seventh liquid: base liquid)
The above-mentioned first liquid, second liquid, third liquid, fourth liquid, fifth liquid and sixth liquid, honey, the concentrated mineral liquid, propolis liquid, and chitin chitosan extract are each at least 5% by weight. The mixture was mixed at an arbitrary ratio such that the ratio was 7 to obtain a seventh liquid.
(Eighth liquid: Recycle liquid)
The squeezed residue discharged in the process of preparing the first to sixth liquids was mixed at a ratio of 500 g of brown sugar and 500 g of honey and aged for 1 week to extract the liquid. The extracted liquid was designated as the eighth liquid.
(9th liquid: Fermented liquid)
The concentrated mineral liquid and the plant ash are mixed with the above-mentioned seventh liquid at an arbitrary ratio such that the seventh liquid is at least 60% or more and the others are in a ratio of 1% to 20% by weight. The first liquid, the fourth liquid, the fifth liquid, the sixth liquid, and the eighth liquid, which are the sources of the seventh liquid, are added to the mixed liquid in a range that is 10% or less of the total volume, respectively, and the total volume Was adjusted and stored at room temperature for about 2 weeks and fermented. When acidity appeared, boiling sterilization was performed to prepare a fermented liquid used in this example. The concentrated mineral liquid was added as a mineral component, and the plant ash was added as an ash component. Grass ash is ash made by burning plants. The fermentation broth used in this example contains an enzyme made from vegetables and the like, and is completely dissolved. Although brown sugar was used in this example, other sugars such as glucose may be used. That is, the fermented liquid used in the present embodiment is a mixed fermented vegetable liquid produced by fermenting a plurality of types of plant liquids as raw materials.
(10th liquid: diluted plant fermentation water)
In this example, the 9th liquid mentioned above was diluted 1000 times, and plant fermentation dilution water was obtained. The dilution rate is preferably 100 times or more and 15000 times or less from the viewpoint of sufficient adhesion to carbides and ease of spraying when vaporized.
＜処理液生成ステップ＞
処理液生成ステップでは、上述した植物酵素希釈水にチタン化合物の水溶液と暗所触媒を加えた混合水溶液を精製する。暗所触媒としては、本実施例では、暗所でも触媒能力を発揮する、天然鉱物モナザイトを使用するが、暗所でも触媒能力を発揮するものであればこれに限らない。
<Processing liquid generation step>
In the treatment liquid generation step, a mixed aqueous solution obtained by adding an aqueous solution of a titanium compound and a dark place catalyst to the above-described plant enzyme dilution water is purified. As a dark place catalyst, in this embodiment, natural mineral monazite that exhibits catalytic ability even in a dark place is used. However, the dark place catalyst is not limited to this as long as it exhibits catalytic ability even in a dark place.
チタン化合物の水溶液としては、本実施例では、チタンペロキソクエン酸アンモニウム四水和物、例えばＴＡＳ−ＦＩＮＥ（フルウチ化学製）の５％水溶液を用いた。チタン化合物の水溶液の濃度は０．１％以上１０％未満が好ましいが、これに限定されない。また、チタン化合物としては、有機チタン化合物が好ましく、チタンペロキソクエン酸アンモニウム四水和物に限らず、チタニウムビス(アンモニウムラクテート)ジヒドロキシド水溶液、チタニウムビス（ラクテート）の水溶液、チタニウムビス（ラクテート）のプロパノール／水混合液、チタニウム（エチルアセトアセテート）ジイソプロオキシド等、光触媒機能を発揮しうる他のチタン化合物でもよい。 In this example, a 5% aqueous solution of titanium peroxocitrate tetrahydrate, for example, TAS-FINE (manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical) was used as the aqueous solution of the titanium compound. The concentration of the titanium compound aqueous solution is preferably 0.1% or more and less than 10%, but is not limited thereto. The titanium compound is preferably an organic titanium compound, not limited to titanium peroxosocitrate tetrahydrate, but also an aqueous solution of titanium bis (ammonium lactate) dihydroxide, an aqueous solution of titanium bis (lactate), titanium bis (lactate) Other titanium compounds capable of exhibiting a photocatalytic function, such as a propanol / water mixed solution and titanium (ethyl acetoacetate) diisoprooxide, may also be used.
本実施例では、上述した植物酵素希釈水１００リットルに、チタン化合物の水溶液を０．１リットルと暗所触媒１グラムの割合で混合し、混合水溶液とする。 In this embodiment, 0.1 liter of an aqueous solution of a titanium compound and 1 gram of a dark place catalyst are mixed with 100 liters of the above-mentioned diluted plant enzyme water to obtain a mixed aqueous solution.
＜蒸気発生ステップ＞
次に蒸気発生ステップに進む。蒸気発生ステップでは、処理液生成ステップにおいて生成した混合水溶液を、１００℃以上に加熱して蒸気を発生させる。飽和蒸気でもよいが、さらに加熱した過熱蒸気であることが好ましい。蒸気発生装置には、例えば熱分解炉を用いる。加熱温度は５００℃程度が好ましい。
<Steam generation step>
Next, the process proceeds to the steam generation step. In the steam generation step, the mixed aqueous solution generated in the treatment liquid generation step is heated to 100 ° C. or higher to generate steam. Saturated steam may be used, but heated superheated steam is preferable. For example, a pyrolysis furnace is used as the steam generator. The heating temperature is preferably about 500 ° C.
＜散布ステップ＞
次に散布ステップに進む。散布ステップでは、蒸気発生ステップにおいて発生させた蒸気を粉末状の炭化物に散布し撹拌する。散布量としては、本実施例では、炭化物１００ｇに対し、混合水溶液１０ｃｃを蒸気にして、１０〜２０秒程度で散布するが、炭化物の表面にまんべんなく混合水溶液の蒸気が当たる量を散布できればよく、これに限定されない。本実施例においては、蒸気発生装置に連通され、内部を１００℃以上に保ったトロンミル内に上述した粉末状の炭化物を配置し、トロンメルで撹拌しながら、蒸気を当てる。炭化物を加熱した蒸気で洗う熱吸引方式のため、炭素に加熱水蒸気が当たって吸熱反応（Ｃ+Ｈ２Ｏ→ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）とシフト反応（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２Ｏ→ＣＯ２+Ｈ２）を起こす。その際に炭化物の表面に物理的にチタンが浸み込みながら冷えるため、チタンが表面から抜けにくくなる。チタンを炭化物に練り込むより、表面付近での存在率が高くなり、光触媒能を発揮しやすくなる。暗所触媒も同時に炭化物表面に付着するため、活性炭の穴の中でもチタンが光触媒能を発揮して活性酸素を生成する。
<Spreading step>
Then proceed to the spreading step. In the spraying step, the steam generated in the steam generation step is sprayed on the powdered carbide and stirred. In this embodiment, the spraying amount is 10 cc of the mixed aqueous solution as a vapor to 100 g of carbide, and is sprayed in about 10 to 20 seconds, as long as the amount of the vapor of the mixed aqueous solution hits the surface of the carbide evenly. It is not limited to this. In the present embodiment, the above-described powdered carbide is placed in a trommill that is connected to a steam generator and maintained at 100 ° C. or higher, and steam is applied while stirring with a trommel. Because of the heat suction method in which the carbide is washed with heated steam, heated steam hits the carbon to cause an endothermic reaction (C + H 2 O → CO + H 2 ) and a shift reaction (CO + H 2 O → CO 2 + H 2 ). At this time, the titanium is cooled while physically immersing in the surface of the carbide, so that it is difficult for the titanium to escape from the surface. Rather than kneading titanium into carbide, the abundance ratio in the vicinity of the surface is increased and the photocatalytic ability is easily exhibited. Since the dark catalyst also adheres to the carbide surface at the same time, titanium exhibits photocatalytic activity in the holes of the activated carbon to generate active oxygen.
＜混練ステップ＞
次に混練ステップに進む。混練ステップでは、散布ステップで表面に混合水溶液の蒸気を当てた炭化物に糖蜜を混練させ混練物を得る。混練する糖蜜の量は、炭化物の２ｗｔ％程度とする。糖蜜を後で混練させることによって、強度・表面形態・耐崩壊性を改善するという効果があり、また、肥料等に混入しても作物に影響を与えないという効果がある。
<Kneading step>
Then proceed to the kneading step. In the kneading step, molasses is kneaded with the carbide whose surface is exposed to the vapor of the mixed aqueous solution in the spraying step to obtain a kneaded product. The amount of molasses to be kneaded is about 2 wt% of the carbide. By kneading molasses later, there is an effect of improving strength, surface morphology and disintegration resistance, and there is an effect that even if mixed with fertilizer or the like, it does not affect the crop.
＜加圧ステップ＞
次に加圧ステップに進む。加圧ステップでは、混練ステップで生成した混練物を加圧する。詳細には、型枠に混練物を流し込み、温度を常温まで下げてから、５００ｋｇ／ｃｍ２の圧力を１〜２秒間かけて、表面に付着している液を炭化物に含浸させる。圧力が強すぎると炭化物の多孔質の孔の部分がつぶれてしまうし、圧力が弱いと十分含浸されない。その後、ジョークラッシャー又はハンマーで粉砕して、中心粒径が３００μｍ〜５００μｍである不定形な粉末にする。その後、キューブ状、レンガ状等に加工してもよいし、例えば、板チョコ状にして水質浄化や土壌改良したい場所の大きさによって割って使用できるような形状としてもよい。
<Pressurizing step>
Then proceed to the pressurization step. In the pressurizing step, the kneaded product generated in the kneading step is pressurized. Specifically, the kneaded product is poured into a mold and the temperature is lowered to room temperature, and then a pressure of 500 kg / cm 2 is applied for 1 to 2 seconds to impregnate the carbide with the liquid adhering to the surface. If the pressure is too strong, the porous pores of the carbide will be crushed, and if the pressure is too low, it will not be sufficiently impregnated. Thereafter, the powder is pulverized with a jaw crusher or a hammer to form an irregular powder having a center particle size of 300 μm to 500 μm. Thereafter, it may be processed into a cube shape, a brick shape, or the like, or may be formed into a shape that can be used by dividing it according to the size of a place where water purification or soil improvement is desired.
＜造粒ステップ＞
加圧ステップの代わりに造粒ステップに進んでもよい。造粒ステップでは、混練ステップで生成した混練物を造粒装置に入れて球体にする。粒径は５ｍｍ以上であることが好ましい。５ｍｍより小さいと強度が落ちる。
<Granulation step>
You may advance to the granulation step instead of the pressurization step. In the granulation step, the kneaded product generated in the kneading step is put into a granulator to make a sphere. The particle size is preferably 5 mm or more. If it is smaller than 5 mm, the strength is lowered.
＜効果測定＞
実施例１の活性炭の製造方法により得られた活性炭は、多孔質触媒体機能とイオン交換機能と多孔質体機能とを兼ね備えた、新しい機能性材料（発明者らは生態活性剤と名付けた）となる。多孔質触媒体機能としては、水中や空中に浮遊している最近やウィルスを吸着・殺菌・分解・除去する機能と、水中・空中のミクロな有機物浮遊体（タンパク質や脂質等）をアミノ酸分解により分解除去する機能と、水中での硝化作用で水中のアンモニア質の分解除去機能と、その他多くのミクロな浮遊物質の吸着分解除去機能と、水中での酸素発生機能が挙げられる。また、イオン交換機能としては、イオン交換作用による触媒機能活性化と、アルカリ・アルカリ土類の元素を溶出して水のｐＨを弱アルカリ性に調整して富ミネラル水化することと、水中の重金属イオンやハロゲン元素イオンや錯体イオン等の有害元素イオンを吸着固定化して除去する機能が挙げられる。また、多孔質体機能としては、水中・空中でのミクロな浮遊物質を吸着濾過する機能と、触媒機能・イオン交換機能の活性化を促すことが挙げられる。
<Effect measurement>
The activated carbon obtained by the method for producing activated carbon of Example 1 is a new functional material having a porous catalyst body function, an ion exchange function, and a porous body function (the inventors have named the bioactive agent) It becomes. Porous catalyst functions include adsorption / sterilization / decomposition / removal of viruses recently suspended in water or air, and amino acid decomposition of microscopic organic floating bodies (proteins, lipids, etc.) in water / air. The function of decomposing and removing, the function of decomposing and removing ammonia in water by nitrification in water, the function of adsorption and decomposing and removing many microscopic suspended substances, and the function of generating oxygen in water. In addition, as an ion exchange function, activation of a catalyst function by ion exchange action, elution of alkali / alkaline earth elements to adjust the pH of water to weak alkalinity, and hydration of minerals in water, A function of adsorbing and fixing harmful element ions such as ions, halogen element ions, complex ions and the like can be mentioned. The porous body function includes a function of adsorbing and filtering microscopic suspended substances in water and in the air, and promoting activation of a catalyst function and an ion exchange function.
実施例１の活性炭の製造方法により得られた活性炭は、海水・淡水によらず養魚飼育用水の浄化や、食品加工用の地下水の浄化や、水耕栽培用水の浄化などの水質浄化を可能とし、また土壌改良や空気の清浄化にも効果がある。例えば、サルモネラ菌と大腸菌が約５００，０００個、レジオネラ菌が約４００，０００個、黄色ブドウ球菌が約２５０，０００個あった水は、４８時間で、サルモネラ菌と大腸菌と黄色ブドウ球菌については、ほぼ菌数ゼロとし、レジオネラ菌も半減させることができた。 The activated carbon obtained by the method for producing activated carbon in Example 1 enables purification of water quality such as purification of fish rearing water, purification of groundwater for food processing, and purification of hydroponics water regardless of seawater and fresh water. It is also effective for soil improvement and air purification. For example, about 500,000 Salmonella and Escherichia coli, about 400,000 Legionella and about 250,000 Staphylococcus aureus water in 48 hours, about Salmonella and Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus The number of bacteria was zero, and Legionella bacteria could also be halved.
また、検知濃度が、アンモニアとトリメチルアミンが約４０ｐｐｍ、イソ吉草酸が約２８ｐｐｍ、硫化水素が約２０ｐｐｍであった水について、２時間でほぼ残留検知濃度をゼロにできた。 In addition, with respect to the water whose detection concentrations were about 40 ppm for ammonia and trimethylamine, about 28 ppm for isovaleric acid, and about 20 ppm for hydrogen sulfide, the residual detection concentration could be almost zero in 2 hours.
また、塩素濃度が約０．２ｐｐｍであった水について、１０分でほぼ残留塩素濃度をゼロにできた。さらに溶存酸素濃度も、約５ｐｐｍであった水について、１日目で飽和量である約７ｐｐｍに上げることができた（水温２０℃）。 In addition, with respect to water having a chlorine concentration of about 0.2 ppm, the residual chlorine concentration could be almost zero in 10 minutes. Furthermore, the dissolved oxygen concentration was able to be raised to about 7 ppm which is the saturation amount on the first day for the water which was about 5 ppm (water temperature 20 ° C.).
（実施例１の効果）
実施例１の活性炭の製造方法によれば、機能性の高い植物酵素や光触媒機能のあるチタンをともに含浸させることにより、機能性を高めることができる。実施例１の活性炭の製造方法により得られた活性炭は、活性炭に付加した触媒基の作用で活性酸素が発生し、活性炭の孔をコロニーとして、発生させた活性酸素の働きで、臭い分子やアミノ酸類の分解や嫌気性微生物の死滅を促すことができ、さらに溶存酸素と植物酵素の働きで好気性微生物を増やすことができる。また、多孔質であるので、ハロゲンや重金属イオン、錯体イオン等を吸着固定させて、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属イオンを溶出させるイオン交換の働きもできる。水の中では、発生した活性酸素は水中に拡散して溶存酸素になり、好気性微生物の発生を促せる。今までは、水質浄化や土壌改良のために、定期的に植物酵素液を散布していたが、活性炭の中に保持できるので、継続的に使用でき、コストも削減できる。実施例１の活性炭の製造方法により得られた活性炭は、吸着だけでなく、殺菌やイオン交換や水中での溶存酸素発生等の多機能を実現できる。
(Effect of Example 1)
According to the method for producing activated carbon of Example 1, the functionality can be enhanced by impregnating with a highly functional plant enzyme or titanium having a photocatalytic function. The activated carbon obtained by the method for producing activated carbon of Example 1 generates active oxygen by the action of the catalyst group added to the activated carbon, and the activated oxygen generated by colonies of the pores of the activated carbon allows odor molecules and amino acids to be generated. It is possible to promote the decomposition of species and the death of anaerobic microorganisms, and to increase aerobic microorganisms by the action of dissolved oxygen and plant enzymes. In addition, since it is porous, it can also function as an ion exchanger that adsorbs and fixes halogen, heavy metal ions, complex ions, etc., and elutes alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ions. In the water, the generated active oxygen diffuses into the water and becomes dissolved oxygen, which can promote the generation of aerobic microorganisms. Until now, the plant enzyme solution was sprayed regularly for water purification and soil improvement, but it can be kept in activated carbon, so it can be used continuously and the cost can be reduced. The activated carbon obtained by the method for producing activated carbon of Example 1 can realize not only adsorption but also multiple functions such as sterilization, ion exchange, and generation of dissolved oxygen in water.
実施例１の活性炭の製造方法により得られた活性炭によって、河川・湖沼・池等の水中の有機ヘドロを継続的に分解して水質を改善でき、水の浄化や消臭に効果を発揮し、また、好気性バクテリアに好適な環境を継続的に提供できるので、有害な微生物の発生を抑制し、有益な微生物の発生を促すため、水中の生態系を活性化できる。また、継続的にイオン化した物質を析出し微粒子化するので、汚水と混合して濾過することで、汚水を無害化できる。 With the activated carbon obtained by the method for producing activated carbon of Example 1, organic sludge in rivers, lakes, ponds, etc. can be continuously decomposed to improve water quality, and it is effective for water purification and deodorization, In addition, since an environment suitable for aerobic bacteria can be continuously provided, the underwater ecosystem can be activated in order to suppress the generation of harmful microorganisms and promote the generation of beneficial microorganisms. Moreover, since the ionized substance is continuously deposited and formed into fine particles, the wastewater can be made harmless by mixing with the wastewater and filtering.
なお、本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されず、その発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々と変形実施が可能である。 The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
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| CN110662714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2020-01-07 | 农业生产法人结·心之广场株式会社 | Method for producing carbon microparticles |
| JP2020083851A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 森永乳業株式会社 | Method for producing aloe extract |
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| CN110662714A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2020-01-07 | 农业生产法人结·心之广场株式会社 | Method for producing carbon microparticles |
| JP2020083851A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 森永乳業株式会社 | Method for producing aloe extract |
| JP7245637B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2023-03-24 | 森永乳業株式会社 | Method for producing aloe extract |
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