JP2016154141A - Luminaire and display - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a luminaire etc., capable of reducing the luminance unevenness in illumination light.SOLUTION: A luminaire comprises: a light source part including a laser beam source; a plurality of unit lenses UL11 to UL14 arranged two-dimensionally; and a light flux equalizing optical member through which light passes from the side of the light source part. A light passing surface of the light flux equalizing optical member is divided into a plurality of segmented regions A11 to A14, and shape parameters in the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 are different from each other for each of the plurality of segmented regions A11 to A14. A light quantity distribution formed by outgoing light from the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 includes a mountain shape part and a valley shape part. The parameter in each of the segmented regions A11 to A14 has been set as mutually offset each other by superposing a light quantity distribution upon other, which can obtain the mountain shape part and the valley shape part for each of the plurality of segmented regions A11 to A14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present disclosure relates to an illumination device that emits illumination light and a display device that displays an image using such an illumination device.

  An optical module, which is one of the main components of a projector (projection display device), generally includes an illumination optical system (illumination device) including a light source and a projection optical system (projection optical system) including a light modulation element. ing. In the field of such projectors, in recent years, small (palm-sized) and lightweight portable projectors called microprojectors have begun to spread. Conventionally, in this microprojector, an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is mainly used as a light source of a lighting device.

  On the other hand, recently, lasers have attracted attention as a new light source for lighting devices. For example, following the commercialization of high-power blue semiconductor lasers and red semiconductor lasers, green semiconductor lasers are currently being developed and are reaching practical levels. Against this background, there have been proposals for projectors that use single-color lasers (semiconductor lasers) of the three primary colors red (R), green (G), and blue (B) as the light source of the illumination device. By using a monochromatic laser as the light source, a projector having a wide color reproduction range and low power consumption can be obtained.

  Further, in such a projector, in order to make the light amount (intensity) in the illumination light emitted from the illumination device uniform, generally, a predetermined homogenization optical system (homogenization optical member) is provided in the illumination device. It has become. For example, in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a fly-eye lens is provided as such a uniformizing optical member.

JP 2002-311382 A JP 2012-8549 A

  By the way, in general, such projectors are required to reduce luminance unevenness (illuminance unevenness) in illumination light emitted from the illumination device and improve display image quality.

  The present disclosure has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide an illumination device and a display device that can reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light.

  A first illumination device of the present disclosure includes a light source unit including a laser light source and a uniformizing optical member that has a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged unit lenses and through which light from the light source unit passes. is there. The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from one another for each of the plurality of divided regions. The crest-like and valley-shaped portions in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually attenuated by superimposing the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. Parameters in each divided area are set.

  A first display device of the present disclosure includes the first illumination device of the present disclosure that emits illumination light, and a light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal.

  In the first illumination device and the first display device of the present disclosure, the light from the light source unit side passes through the uniformizing optical member, the light amount is made uniform, and is emitted as illumination light. Here, a mountain-shaped portion and a valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the light modulation element) by the light emitted from the unit lens in the uniformizing optical member are obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. Parameters in each divided region are set so as to reduce each other by superimposing the light amount distributions. As a result, uneven diffraction (brightness unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon) generated in the light amount distribution on the irradiated surface due to the coherence in the laser light and the two-dimensional arrangement of the plurality of unit lenses in the uniformizing optical member. To reduce.

  The second illumination device of the present disclosure includes a light source unit and a uniformizing optical member that includes a plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged and through which light from the light source unit side passes. The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. Among the plurality of divided areas, in the divided area where the position of the light incident side lens apex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens apex in the unit lens, the light with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex between adjacent unit lenses The eccentric directions that are the displacement directions of the incident side lens apexes are opposite to each other.

  A second display device of the present disclosure includes the second illumination device of the present disclosure that emits illumination light, and a light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal.

  In the second illumination device and the second display device of the present disclosure, the light from the light source unit side passes through the uniformizing optical member, the light amount is uniformized, and is emitted as illumination light. Here, the light passage surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. As a result, between the plurality of divided regions, the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex of the unit lens reach different positions on the irradiated surface (on the light modulation element). As a result, the occurrence of uneven brightness due to the processing marks of each unit lens can be suppressed. Also, among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided regions where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens, the eccentric directions of the adjacent unit lenses are opposite to each other. ing. As a result, the shape of each unit lens on the light incident surface side is continuous, and therefore, when adjacent unit lenses have the same eccentricity direction (aligned) (shape on the light incident surface side). Each unit lens can be formed more easily.

  According to the first illuminating device and the first display device of the present disclosure, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution are mutually reduced by overlapping the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. As described above, since the parameters in each divided region are set, the luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality).

  According to the second illumination device and the second display device of the present disclosure, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. Occurrence of luminance unevenness due to the is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality). Also, among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided regions where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens, the eccentric directions of the adjacent unit lenses are opposite to each other. Therefore, each unit lens can be easily formed. Therefore, the uniform optical member can be easily manufactured.

3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating a detailed configuration example of a fly-eye lens illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration example of each unit lens illustrated in FIG. 2. It is a figure for demonstrating the light quantity distribution (diffraction nonuniformity) formed with one unit lens. FIG. 5 is a photographic diagram illustrating an example of luminance unevenness due to diffraction unevenness described in FIG. 4. It is a figure for demonstrating the superimposition of the light quantity distribution formed by one unit lens in each division area. It is a figure showing the light quantity distribution which concerns on Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a display device according to Modification 1. FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view illustrating a detailed configuration example of the fly-eye lens illustrated in FIG. 8. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration example of each unit lens illustrated in FIG. 9. It is a schematic diagram showing the example of whole structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view illustrating a detailed configuration example of the fly-eye lens illustrated in FIG. 11. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration example of each unit lens illustrated in FIG. 12. FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining a difference in eccentric direction between adjacent unit lenses in each divided region shown in FIG. 12. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining an optical path of a light beam emitted from a fly-eye lens according to Comparative Example 2. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the brightness nonuniformity resulting from the process trace of each unit lens which generate | occur | produces in the comparative example 2. FIG. It is a schematic diagram showing an example of the brightness nonuniformity resulting from the processing trace demonstrated in FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating an example of the optical path of the emitted light from the fly eye lens shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. It is a figure showing the reduction effect of the brightness nonuniformity resulting from the process trace in Example 2. FIG. It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the other example of the optical path of the emitted light from the fly eye lens shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration example of each unit lens in a fly-eye lens according to Comparative Example 3. FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a cross-sectional configuration example of each unit lens in a fly-eye lens according to Comparative Example 4. FIG. It is a schematic diagram showing the example of whole structure of the display apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 24 is a schematic plan view illustrating a detailed configuration example of the fly-eye lens illustrated in FIG. 23. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of an overall configuration of a display device according to Modification 2. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The description will be given in the following order.

1. First Embodiment (Example of FEL in which unit lens arrangement pitch is different for each divided region)
2. Modification Example of First Embodiment Modification Example 1 (Example of FEL in which the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction is different for each divided region)
3. Second embodiment (example of FEL in which the position of the light incident side lens apex of the unit lens is different for each divided region)
4). Third embodiment (an example of an FEL in which the configurations of the first and second embodiments are combined)
5. Modification common to each embodiment, etc. Modification 2 (example applied to a two-stage FEL)
6). Other variations

<First Embodiment>
[Overall Configuration of Display Device 3]
FIG. 1 illustrates an overall configuration of a display device (display device 3) according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. The display device 3 is a projection type display device that projects an image (image light) onto a screen 30 (projected surface), and displays an image using the illumination device 1 and illumination light from the illumination device 1. An optical system (display optical system).

(Lighting device 1)
The illumination device 1 includes a red laser 11R, a green laser 11G, a blue laser 11B, coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B, dichroic prisms 131 and 132, an optical element 14, a drive unit 140, and a fly eye lens (FEL). 15 and a condenser lens 17. In addition, Z0 shown in the figure represents an optical axis.

  The red laser 11R, the green laser 11G, and the blue laser 11B are three types of light sources that emit red laser light, green laser light, and blue laser light, respectively. A light source unit is configured by these laser light sources, and here, these three types of light sources are all laser light sources. Each of the red laser 11R, the green laser 11G, and the blue laser 11B performs pulse light emission, for example. That is, for example, laser light is emitted intermittently (intermittently) at a predetermined light emission frequency (light emission cycle). Each of the red laser 11R, the green laser 11G, and the blue laser 11B includes, for example, a semiconductor laser, a solid laser, or the like. For example, when each of these laser light sources is a semiconductor laser, as an example, the wavelength of the red laser light is about λr = 600 to 700 nm, the wavelength of the green laser light is about λg = 500 to 600 nm, and the wavelength of the blue laser light is λb = 400. About 500 nm.

  Laser light emitted from these laser light sources is generated when excitation light is incident on a laser medium made of a laser crystal. Here, the intensity distribution of the laser light (light quantity distribution, FFP (Far Field Pattern)) is determined according to the distribution of atoms and molecules of the laser crystal, which is the laser medium, and the size of the crystal. Ideally, the light amount distribution (profile) of the generated laser light is almost Gaussian.

  The coupling lens 12G is a lens (coupling lens) for collimating the green laser light emitted from the green laser 11G (as parallel light) and coupling it with the dichroic prism 131. Similarly, the coupling lens 12B is a lens (a coupling lens) for collimating the blue laser light emitted from the blue laser 11B and coupling it with the dichroic prism 131. The coupling lens 12R is a lens (a coupling lens) for collimating the red laser light emitted from the red laser 11R and coupling it with the dichroic prism 132. Here, these coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B collimate the incident laser beams (in this case, the light beams are collimated). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B are used. It is not necessary to collimate (it does not need to be parallel light). However, it can be said that collimation as described above is more desirable because the size of the apparatus can be reduced.

  The dichroic prism 131 is a prism that selectively transmits the blue laser light incident through the coupling lens 12B and selectively reflects the green laser light incident through the coupling lens 12G. The dichroic prism 132 is a prism that selectively transmits the blue laser light and the green laser light emitted from the dichroic prism 131 while selectively reflecting the red laser light incident through the coupling lens 12R. As a result, color synthesis (optical path synthesis) is performed on the red laser light, the green laser light, and the blue laser light.

  The optical element 14 is an element disposed on the optical path of the emitted light (laser light) from the light source unit described above, and here, between the light source unit and the fly-eye lens 15 (specifically, the dichroic prism 132 and (Between the fly-eye lens 15). The optical element 14 is an optical element for reducing so-called speckle noise or the like in the illumination light, and the laser light traveling on the optical path described above passes through the optical element 14. Such an optical element 14 includes, for example, a lens (such as a lenticular lens), a prism array, or a diffraction element.

  The drive unit 140 drives the optical element 14. Specifically, the drive unit 140 has a function of vibrating (microvibration) the optical element 14 (for example, vibrating along the direction along the optical axis Z0 or the direction perpendicular to the optical axis Z0). Yes. Thereby, the state of the light beam passing through the optical element 14 changes, and speckle noise or the like can be reduced. Such a drive unit 140 includes, for example, a coil and a permanent magnet (for example, a permanent magnet made of a material such as neodymium (Nd), iron (Fe), or boron (boron; B)). Yes.

  The fly-eye lens 15 is an optical member (integrator) in which a plurality of unit cells (unit lenses to be described later) are two-dimensionally arranged on a substrate. The fly-eye lens 15 spatially divides an incident light beam according to the arrangement of these unit lenses. Are emitted. The fly-eye lens 15 is disposed on the optical path on the rear side of the optical element 14 (here, between the optical element 14 and the condenser lens 17), and the light (incident light beam) incident from the light source side. Is going to pass. Further, the fly-eye lens 15 emits the divided light beams so as to be superimposed. As a result, the emitted light Lout from the fly-eye lens 15 is made uniform (uniformization of the in-plane light quantity distribution) and emitted as illumination light. That is, the fly-eye lens 15 corresponds to a specific example of “homogenizing optical member” in the present disclosure. Since the fly-eye lens 15 also efficiently uses obliquely incident light as illumination light, as will be described below, a unit lens is formed not only on the light incident surface Sin side but also on the light exit surface Sout side. Yes.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a plane (XY plane) configuration example of the fly-eye lens 15 and corresponds to a plane configuration viewed from the light incident surface Sin side. FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of a cross section (YZ cross section) of the fly-eye lens 15.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fly-eye lens 15 is formed by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of unit lenses (unit lenses UL11, UL12, UL13, UL14 described later). That is, the plurality of unit lenses are arranged along both the X-axis direction (here, the horizontal direction) and the Y-axis direction (here, the vertical direction). Each unit lens has a plane (XY plane) shape made of an anisotropic shape (rectangular shape here) having the X-axis direction as the major axis direction and the Y-axis direction as the minor axis direction. Yes. The aspect ratio (the ratio of the length between the major axis direction and the minor axis direction) in this anisotropic shape (rectangular shape) substantially matches (desirably matches) the aspect ratio in the reflective liquid crystal element 21 described later. Is set to

  Here, in the fly-eye lens 15 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the light passage surface (light incident surface Sin and light exit surface Sout) has a plurality of divided regions (here, four divided regions). Regions A11, A12, A13, A14). Specifically, four divided regions A11, A12, A13, and A14 are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface with the center point Pc on the light passage surface as the center. In each of the divided areas A11, A12, A13, and A14, a plurality of unit lenses are two-dimensionally arranged. That is, a plurality of unit lenses UL11 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A11, a plurality of unit lenses UL12 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A12, and a plurality of unit lenses UL13 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A13. A plurality of unit lenses UL14 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A14.

  As described above, it is desirable that the number of the plurality of divided regions is an even number, or the plurality of divided regions are arranged point-symmetrically (or line-symmetrically) on the light passage surface. This is because the light beam incident on the fly-eye lens 15 is assumed to have a circular shape, a rectangular shape, or a hexagonal shape with respect to the center point Pc in an axially symmetric manner, so that isotropic property is ensured when the light beam is incident.

In the fly-eye lens 15, the shape parameters of the unit lens described above are different for each of the plurality of divided regions A11, A12, A13, and A14. Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, as the above parameters, the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the light passage plane is different for each of the plurality of divided regions A11, A12, A13, A14. ing. That is, the planar shapes of the unit lenses in each of the divided areas A11, A12, A13, and A14 are similar to each other. Specifically, the arrangement pitch (long-axis direction pitch) of the unit lenses UL11 in the divided area A11 is w1, the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses UL12 in the divided area A12 is w2, and the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses UL13 in the divided area A13 is w3. When the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses UL14 in the divided area A14 is w4, for example, the arrangement pitches w1 to w4 are set as follows. The parameters (in this case, the arrangement pitches w1 to w4) in each of the divided areas A11, A12, A13, and A14 satisfy a predetermined relationship described later.
w1: w2: w3: w4 = 1.05: 1.00: 0.95: 0.90
(W1>w2>w3> w4)

  On the other hand, the thickness in the optical axis direction (Z-axis direction) of the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 in the fly-eye lens 15 is a value (thickness) common to the divided regions A11, A12, A13, and A14, as shown in FIG. : D). The detailed configuration of the fly-eye lens 15 will be described later.

  The condenser lens 17 is a lens for collecting the emitted light Lout from the fly-eye lens 15 and emitting it as illumination light.

(Display optical system)
The display optical system described above is configured by using a polarization beam splitter (PBS) 23, a field lens 22, a reflective liquid crystal element 21, and a projection lens 24 (projection optical system).

  The polarization beam splitter 23 is an optical member that selectively transmits specific polarized light (for example, P-polarized light) and selectively reflects the other polarized light (for example, S-polarized light). Thereby, the illumination light (for example, S-polarized light) from the illumination device 1 is selectively reflected and enters the reflective liquid crystal element 21, and image light (for example, P-polarized light) emitted from the reflective liquid crystal modulation element 21. The light is selectively transmitted and incident on the projection lens 24.

  The field lens 22 is disposed on the optical path between the polarization beam splitter 23 and the reflective liquid crystal element 21. The field lens 22 is a lens for reducing the size of the optical system by causing illumination light to enter the reflective liquid crystal element 21 in a telecentric manner.

  The reflective liquid crystal element 21 is a light modulation element that emits video light by reflecting the illumination light from the illumination device 1 while modulating it based on a video signal supplied from a display control unit (not shown). At this time, the reflection type liquid crystal element 21 performs reflection so that each polarized light (for example, S-polarized light or P-polarized light) is different between the incident time and the emitted time. Such a reflective liquid crystal element 21 is made of a liquid crystal element such as LCOS (Liquid Crystal On Silicon).

  The projection lens 24 is a lens for projecting (enlarging and projecting) illumination light (video light) modulated by the reflective liquid crystal element 21 onto the screen 30.

[Detailed configuration of fly-eye lens 15]
Here, in the illumination device 1 according to the present embodiment, in the fly-eye lens 15, the parameters (arrangement pitches w1 to w4) in the respective divided regions A11, A12, A13, and A14 described above satisfy the following relationship. Is set to That is, first, as described below, the light quantity distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21) by the light emitted from each of the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 (one unit lens) has a mountain shape. There are portions (bright portions, peak portions) and valley portions (dark portions, bottom portions). And the arrangement pitch in each division area A11-A14 so that such a mountain-like part and a valley-like part mutually reduce each other by superposition of the above-mentioned light quantity distribution obtained for every plurality of division areas A11-A14. w1 to w4 are set. That is, the arrangement pitches w1 to w4 are set so that the mountain-like portion and the valley-like portion in the diffraction unevenness (luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon) in the illumination light to be described later are in a canceling direction. As will be described in detail later, this diffraction unevenness in the illumination light is reduced.

  Here, the light amount distribution (uneven diffraction) formed on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 by the light emitted from one unit lens UL11 in the divided area A11 is as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the optical magnification of the illumination system (specified by the relay system comprising the condenser lens 17 and the field lens 22) is β, the illumination area width by one unit lens UL11 is D1 (= β × w1), and the reflection type The effective illumination area on the liquid crystal element 21 is defined as Deff. The illumination area width D1 is set to be slightly larger than the effective illumination area Deff (D1> Deff). This is because the non-illuminated area does not enter the effective illumination area Deff even if some perturbation occurs at the same time as increasing the illumination efficiency.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the diffraction unevenness including the above-described mountain-shaped portion and valley-shaped portion is generated on the light amount distribution in the illumination region width D1. Here, the interval between the maximum bright portions (maximum peak portions) of the mountain-shaped portions in the light amount distribution within the illumination region width D1 is h11, and the interval between the second bright portions (second peak portions) is h12. . The intervals h11 and h12 and the illumination area width D1 (= β × w1) are parameters that depend on the design of the illumination optical system, but can basically be calculated.

  In this case, the mountain-like portion and the valley-like portion in the light amount distribution of the illumination region width D1 formed by the unit lenses UL11 having the arrangement pitch w1 are formed by the unit lenses UL12 having the arrangement pitch w2 defined by the following equation (1). Is diminished by the crests and troughs in the distribution of light intensity. In other words, the mountain-shaped portions and the valley-shaped portions in the light quantity distribution formed by the unit lenses UL11, UL12 having such two types of arrangement pitches w1, w2 are overlapped to act in the direction of canceling each other.

  Further, the illumination area width in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lenses UL12 having such an arrangement pitch w2 is D2 (= β × w2), and the maximum bright portion of the mountain-shaped portions in the light amount distribution in the illumination area width D2 The interval between them is h21, and the interval between the second bright parts is h22. Then, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lenses UL12 having the arrangement pitch w2 are also in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lenses UL13 having the arrangement pitch w3 defined by the following equation (2). Attenuated by ridges and valleys.

Therefore, the number of the divided areas is N (N: a natural number equal to or greater than 2), the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the nth (n = 1, 2,..., N) divided lens is w _n , and the (n−1) th. If the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the divided area is w _(n-1) , the following generalized expression (3) is established.

  As described above, since the arrangement pitches w1 to w4 of the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 in the divided areas A11 to A14 are different from each other, the size (illumination area width) of the light amount distribution formed by the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 is also mutually different. It will be different. Therefore, as will be described later, the positions of the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in each light quantity distribution are also displaced, and it is possible to attenuate them.

[Operation and effect of display device 3]
(1. Display operation)
In this display device 3, as shown in FIG. 1, first, in the illumination device 1, light (laser light) emitted from the red laser 11R, the green laser 11G, and the blue laser 11B is coupled to the coupling lenses 12R, 12G, Each of them is collimated by 12B to become parallel light. Next, the laser beams (red laser beam, green laser beam, and blue laser beam) that have been converted into parallel light in this way are subjected to color synthesis (optical path synthesis) by the dichroic prisms 131 and 132. Each laser beam subjected to optical path synthesis passes through the optical element 14, the fly-eye lens 15, and the condenser lens 17 in this order, and is emitted as illumination light. At this time, the fly-eye lens 15 makes the emitted light Lout from the fly-eye lens 15 uniform (uniformization of the in-plane light quantity distribution). In this way, illumination light is emitted from the illumination device 1.

  Next, the illumination light is selectively reflected by the polarization beam splitter 23 and enters the reflective liquid crystal element 21 via the field lens 22. In the reflective liquid crystal element 21, the incident light is reflected while being modulated based on the video signal, and is emitted as video light. Here, in this reflection type liquid crystal element 21, since each polarized light is different at the time of incidence and at the time of emission, the image light emitted from the reflection type liquid crystal element 21 is selectively transmitted through the polarization beam splitter 23 and projected. The light enters the lens 24. The incident light (image light) is projected (enlarged projection) onto the screen 30 by the projection lens 24.

  At this time, each of the red laser 11R, the green laser 11G, and the blue laser 11B performs an intermittent light emission operation at a predetermined light emission frequency, for example. Thereby, each laser beam (red laser beam, green laser beam, and blue laser beam) is sequentially emitted in a time division manner. In the reflective liquid crystal element 21, the laser light of the corresponding color is sequentially modulated in a time division manner based on the video signal of each color component (red component, green component, blue component). In this way, a color video display based on the video signal is performed on the display device 3.

(2. Reduction of diffraction unevenness)
Next, the action of the fly eye lens 15 (the action of reducing diffraction unevenness in the illumination light) will be described.

  First, since laser light has strong coherence, when a fly-eye lens is arranged on the optical path, there is a problem that an interference component or a diffraction pattern is generated in an illumination image. Specifically, since fly-eye lenses generally have rectangular unit lenses arranged two-dimensionally, the rectangular shape of the unit lenses acts as an aperture for propagating light (laser light), and aperture diffraction (flaw). Forferr diffraction) occurs. Then, the edge portion in the illumination light is strongly affected by such diffraction, and the intensity of the light amount is repeated, resulting in luminance unevenness (diffraction unevenness) such as vibration amplitude. In this way, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, even in the projected image on the screen 30, a linear luminance unevenness (diffraction shading pattern) occurs in the peripheral portion, and the display image quality deteriorates.

  As a countermeasure against such diffraction unevenness, a method of designing so that the diffraction unevenness protrudes outside the effective illumination region Deff on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 described above can be considered. However, in this case, the diffraction unevenness is reduced, but the light utilization efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a predetermined condition is satisfied in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21) by the light emitted from the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 in the fly-eye lens 15. Arrangement pitches w1 to w4 in the divided areas A11 to A14 are set. Specifically, the arrangement pitches w1 to w4 are set so as to satisfy the above-described expression (3).

  Thereby, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in such a light amount distribution are overlapped (weighted average) between the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions A11 to A14. They will diminish each other. Specifically, in this example, the light quantity distribution formed by the illumination light from the unit lens UL11 in the divided area A11, the light quantity distribution formed by the illumination light from the unit lens UL12 in the divided area A12, and the divided area A13. The light amount distribution formed by the illumination light from the unit lens UL13 and the light amount distribution formed by the illumination light from the unit lens UL14 in the divided area A14 are superimposed on each other.

  And since the position of the peak-shaped part and valley-shaped part in each light quantity distribution has shifted | deviated little by little, light quantity distribution will be planarized by those superimposition. As a result, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, due to the coherence in the laser light and the two-dimensional arrangement of the plurality of unit lenses in the fly-eye lens 15, the surface to be irradiated (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21). Diffraction unevenness (brightness unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon) generated in the light amount distribution is reduced. Specifically, in the example according to the present embodiment (Example 1), compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the region division is not performed in the fly-eye lens as in the present embodiment, Generation of valley-shaped portions is suppressed, and the above-described diffraction unevenness is reduced.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, each division is performed so that the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution are mutually reduced by superimposing the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions A11 to A14. Since the arrangement pitches w1 to w4 of the unit lenses UL11 to UL14 in the areas A11 to A14 are set, luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality).

  In addition, since the occurrence of such diffraction unevenness is reduced while maintaining the generation position of the diffraction unevenness in the effective illumination area Deff on the reflective liquid crystal element 21, the display image quality can be reduced without reducing the light utilization efficiency. Can be improved.

  In the method described in the present embodiment (and the following related modifications, etc.), it is not always necessary for the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution to completely cancel (cancel) each other, but cancel each other. Each parameter may be set in the direction (direction to reduce). That is, even if each parameter is slightly deviated from the condition of completely canceling each other, if the position of the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution is slightly deviated for each divided region, these positions are matched. Compared to the case, the diffraction unevenness is reduced to some extent.

  Specifically, as shown in the above-described formulas (1) and (2) (generally formula (3)) and FIG. The optimal condition is that a mountain-shaped portion is located in the light amount distribution of the divided areas, and the effect of reducing the unevenness of diffraction is the largest. However, as shown in the following equation (4) and the like (generally equation (5)) and within the range Δh in FIG. 4, the difference between the valley-shaped portion and the mountain-shaped portion in the light amount distribution of one divided region is shown. You may make it the mountain-shaped part in the light quantity distribution of another division area located in the position near a valley-shaped part rather than an intermediate point. If the position is within such a range Δh (assuming that expression (4) or (5) is satisfied), the mountain-shaped portion and valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution cancel each other (reduction relationship). ) And uneven diffraction is reduced. Actually, a sample corresponding to the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the expression (5) (for example, corresponding to the positions of the right end and the left end of the range Δh in FIG. 4) was prepared and experimented. A diffraction unevenness reducing effect was obtained. As described above, in the actual design, the values of the parameters may be adjusted within the range defined by the above equation (5), for example, in accordance with the element manufacturing convenience. In this case, some manufacturing errors are allowed.

<Modification 1>
Subsequently, a modified example (modified example 1) of the first embodiment will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same thing as the component in 1st Embodiment, and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

[Configuration of Display Device 3A]
FIG. 8 illustrates the overall configuration of a display device (display device 3A) according to Modification 1. This display device 3A includes an illumination device (illumination device 1A) according to Modification 1 and a display optical system for displaying an image using illumination light from the illumination device 1A. That is, in the display device 3, the lighting device 1 </ b> A is provided instead of the lighting device 1.

  The illumination device 1A includes a red laser 11R, a green laser 11G, a blue laser 11B, coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B, dichroic prisms 131 and 132, an optical element 14, a drive unit 140, a fly-eye lens 15A, and a condenser lens 17. ing. That is, this illuminating device 1A corresponds to the illuminating device 1 provided with a fly-eye lens 15A described below instead of the fly-eye lens 15, and the other configurations are the same.

(Fly Eye Lens 15A)
In the fly-eye lens 15 described in the first embodiment, the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. On the other hand, in the fly-eye lens 15A of this modification, the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions, and the other configurations are the same. That is, in the fly-eye lens 15, the arrangement pitch in the unit lens corresponds to a specific example of “parameter” in the present disclosure, and in the fly-eye lens 15A, the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction is the “parameter” in the present disclosure. This corresponds to a specific example.

  FIG. 9 illustrates a plane (XY plane) configuration example of the fly-eye lens 15A, and corresponds to a plane configuration viewed from the light incident surface Sin side. FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional (YZ cross-sectional) configuration example (cross-sectional configuration example taken along the line II-II shown in FIG. 9) of the fly-eye lens 15A.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the fly-eye lens 15A according to this modification is formed by two-dimensionally arranging a plurality of unit lenses (unit lenses UL21, UL22, UL23, UL24 described later). That is, a plurality of unit lenses are arranged along both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Similarly to the first embodiment, each unit lens has a plane (in this case, a rectangular shape) having an anisotropic shape with the X-axis direction as the major axis direction and the Y-axis direction as the minor axis direction (here, rectangular). (XY plane) shape.

  Here, in the fly-eye lens 15A as well as the fly-eye lens 15, as shown in FIG. 9, the light passing surface (light incident surface Sin and light emitting surface Sout) has a plurality of divided regions (here, It is divided into four divided areas A21, A22, A23, A24). Specifically, four divided regions A21, A22, A23, and A24 are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface with the center point Pc on the light passage surface as the center. In each divided area A21, A22, A23, A24, a plurality of unit lenses are two-dimensionally arranged. That is, a plurality of unit lenses UL21 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A21, a plurality of unit lenses UL22 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A22, and a plurality of unit lenses UL23 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A23. A plurality of unit lenses UL24 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A24.

Also in this fly-eye lens 15A, the shape parameters of each unit lens are different for each of the plurality of divided regions A21, A22, A23, and A24. Specifically, in the present modification, as shown in FIG. 10, the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction (Z-axis direction) is the same for each of the plurality of divided regions A21, A22, A23, and A24. Is different. Specifically, the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens UL21 in the divided area A21 is d1, the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens UL22 in the divided area A22 is d2, and the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens UL23 in the divided area A23. If the thickness of the unit lens UL24 in the division region A24 in the optical axis direction is d4, for example, the thicknesses d1 to d4 are set as follows. The parameters (here, thicknesses d1 to d4 in the optical axis direction) in each of the divided regions A21, A22, A23, and A24 satisfy a predetermined relationship described later.
d1: d2: d3: d4 = 1.03: 1.00: 0.97: 0.94
(D1>d2>d3> d4)

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 in the fly-eye lens 15A is a value common to the divided areas A21, A22, A23, A24 (arrangement pitch: w ). That is, unlike the first embodiment, in this modified example, the planar shapes (XY planes) of the unit lenses UL21 to UL22 are the same.

  Also in this modification, the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21) by the light emitted from each of the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 (one unit lens) includes a mountain-shaped portion and There are valleys. Then, the unit lenses in each of the divided regions A21 to A24 are such that such mountain-like portions and valley-like portions are mutually attenuated by overlapping the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions A21 to A24. Thicknesses d1 to d4 in the optical axis direction of UL21 to UL24 are set.

  Here, the light amount distribution (uneven diffraction) formed on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 by the light emitted from one unit lens UL21 in the divided area A21 is shown in FIG. 4 as in the first embodiment. As shown. Accordingly, basically in the present modification as well, as in the first embodiment, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lens UL21 having the thickness d1 in the optical axis direction are as follows ( It is attenuated by the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lens UL22 having the thickness d2 in the optical axis direction defined by the equation (6).

  The coefficient α is a coefficient that represents a change in magnification in a predetermined case. Specifically, when the arrangement pitch in the unit lenses is the above-mentioned “parameter” as in the first embodiment, for example, the coefficient α = 1. This is because, when the arrangement pitch in the unit lens is the above-mentioned “parameter”, only this arrangement pitch is an element for determining the diffraction pitch. On the other hand, when the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens is the above-mentioned “parameter” as in the present modification, for example, the coefficient α ≠ 1. This is because when the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction is the above-mentioned “parameter”, the power of the unit lens also changes accordingly (the magnification ratio between the unit lens and the reflective liquid crystal element 21 is This is because the position where the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion described above are diminished is also shifted). That is, it can be said that the coefficient α is a coefficient that represents a change in magnification when the thickness (axial thickness) of the unit lens in the optical axis direction is changed. The value of the coefficient α is a variable value that can take any value depending on the design of the unit lens (for example, design of curvature, thickness in the optical axis direction, refractive index, aspheric coefficient, etc.). Incidentally, in the above-described specific example of d1: d2: d3: d4 (= 1.03: 1.00: 0.97: 0.94), α = 1.02 (an example of an optimum value).

  Further, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed by the unit lens UL22 having the thickness d2 in the optical axis direction are also formed by the unit lens UL23 having the thickness d3 in the optical axis direction defined by the following equation (7). It is diminished by the ridges and valleys in the light quantity distribution that is formed.

Therefore, the number of the divided regions is N (N: natural number of 2 or more), the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens in the nth (n = 1, 2,..., N) divided region is d _n , (n− 1) If the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens in the first divided region is d _(n−1) , the following generalized expression (8) is established.

  As described above, since the thicknesses d1 to d4 of the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 in the divided areas A21 to A24 in the optical axis direction are different from each other, the size of the light amount distribution (illumination area width) formed by the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 is different. ) Are also different from each other. Therefore, also in this modified example, as in the first embodiment, the positions of the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in each light quantity distribution are also displaced, and it is possible to reduce them mutually. It has become.

[Operation and effect of display device 3A]
Thus, in the display device 3A of the present modification, in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21) by the light emitted from the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 in the fly-eye lens 15A, It is set like this. That is, the thicknesses d1 to d4 of the unit lenses UL21 to UL24 in the divided areas A21 to A24 in the optical axis direction are set so as to satisfy a predetermined condition. Specifically, the thicknesses d1 to d4 in the respective optical axis directions are set so as to satisfy the above expression (8).

  Thereby, similarly to the first embodiment, the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in such a light amount distribution are overlapped (weighted average) between the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions A21 to A24. , They will diminish each other. As a result, also in this modification, it is possible to obtain the same effect by the same operation as in the first embodiment. In other words, luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon can be reduced, and luminance unevenness in the illumination light can be reduced (display image quality can be improved).

  In the present modification, the following can be said, as in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in the expressions (6) and (7) (formula (8) as a general expression) and FIG. 4 described above, another divided region is located at the position of the valley portion in the light amount distribution of one divided region. The optimal condition is that a mountain-shaped portion is located in the light amount distribution of the above, and the effect of reducing unevenness in diffraction is the greatest. However, as shown in the following equation (9) and the like (generally equation (10)) and the range Δh in FIG. 4, the difference between the valley-shaped portion and the mountain-shaped portion in the light amount distribution of one divided region You may make it the mountain-shaped part in the light quantity distribution of another division area located in the position near a valley-shaped part rather than an intermediate point. If the position is within such a range Δh (assuming that Expression (9) or the like or Expression (10) is satisfied), the mountain-shaped portion and the valley-shaped portion in the light amount distribution cancel each other (reduction relationship). ) And uneven diffraction is reduced.

<Second Embodiment>
Subsequently, a second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component as 1st Embodiment etc., and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

[Configuration of Display Device 3B]
FIG. 11 illustrates the overall configuration of a display device (display device 3B) according to the second embodiment. The display device 3B includes the illumination device (illumination device 1B) according to the second embodiment and a display optical system for displaying an image using illumination light from the illumination device 1B. That is, in the display device 3, the lighting device 1 </ b> B is provided instead of the lighting device 1.

  The illumination device 1B includes a red laser 11R, a green laser 11G, a blue laser 11B, coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B, dichroic prisms 131 and 132, an optical element 14, a drive unit 140, a fly-eye lens 15B, and a condenser lens 17. ing. That is, this illuminating device 1B corresponds to the illuminating device 1 provided with a fly-eye lens 15B described below instead of the fly-eye lens 15, and the other configurations are the same.

(Fly Eye Lens 15B)
In the fly-eye lens 15 of the first embodiment, the arrangement pitch of the unit lenses is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. Further, in the fly-eye lens 15A of the first modification, the thickness in the optical axis direction of the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. On the other hand, in the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each divided region.

  FIG. 12 illustrates a plane (XY plane) configuration example of the fly-eye lens 15B, and corresponds to a plane configuration viewed from the light incident surface Sin side. FIG. 13 illustrates a configuration example of a cross section (YZ cross section) of a unit lens in the fly-eye lens 15B.

  In the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of unit lenses (unit lenses UL31, UL32, UL33, UL34, and UL35 described later) are two-dimensionally arranged. That is, a plurality of unit lenses are arranged along both the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. Similarly to the first embodiment and the first modification, each unit lens has an anisotropic shape (in this case, a rectangular shape) in which the X-axis direction is the major axis direction and the Y-axis direction is the minor axis direction. It has a planar shape (XY plane) consisting of

  Here, in the fly-eye lens 15B as well as the fly-eye lenses 15 and 15A, as shown in FIG. 12, the light passage surface (light incident surface Sin and light exit surface Sout) has a plurality of divided regions (here In this case, the image is divided into five divided areas A31, A32, A33, A34, and A35). Specifically, in this example, five divided regions A31, A32, A33, A34, and A35 are arranged in this order along the negative direction of the X axis when viewed from the light incident surface Sin side on the light passage surface. ing. In each of the divided areas A31, A32, A33, A34, and A35, a plurality of unit lenses are two-dimensionally arranged. That is, a plurality of unit lenses UL31 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A31, a plurality of unit lenses UL32 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A32, and a plurality of unit lenses UL33 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A33. Yes. Further, the plurality of unit lenses UL34 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A34, and the plurality of unit lenses UL35 are two-dimensionally arranged in the divided area A35. Also in the present embodiment, as in the first modification, the planar shapes (XY planes) of the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 are the same.

  In the fly-eye lens 15B, as shown in FIG. 13, the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin in each unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions A31, A32, A33, A34, A35. . On the other hand, the position of the light exit side lens apex Pout in each unit lens is the same among the plurality of divided regions A31, A32, A33, A34, A35. That is, the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin may be decentered depending on the divided region (deviation from the center of the XY plane shape), while the position of the light emitting side lens apex Pout is: None of the divided areas is eccentric (located at the center of the XY planar shape). In the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the thicknesses of the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 in the optical axis direction (Z-axis direction) are a common value (thickness: d).

Here, in the unit lens, the displacement (eccentricity) of the light incident side lens apex Pin with respect to the position of the light exit side lens apex Pout is Δ, and the arrangement pitch in the vertical direction (Y axis direction) of each unit lens is p. And Then, as shown in FIG. 13, the ratio (Δ / p) of the eccentricity Δ with respect to the arrangement pitch p is set in the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 of the divided regions A31 to A35 as follows, for example. ing. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, in the following, the eccentric direction of the light incident side lens apex Pin (the displacement direction of the light incident side lens apex Pin with respect to the position of the light exit side lens apex Pout; The shift direction is indicated by an arrow next to the eccentricity Δ.
Unit lens UL31: (Δ / p) = − 0.10 (−10%)
Unit lens UL32: (Δ / p) = − 0.05 (−5%)
Unit lens UL33: (Δ / p) = 0.00 (0%)
Unit lens UL34: (Δ / p) = + 0.05 (+ 5%)
Unit lens UL35: (Δ / p) = + 0.10 (+ 10%)

  Further, in the fly-eye lens 15B, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, the position of the light incident side lens vertex Pin is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex Pout in the unit lens among the plurality of divided regions A31 to A35. In the divided area (eccentricity), it is as follows. That is, for example, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 14, in the divided regions (in this example, divided regions A <b> 31, A <b> 32, A <b> 34, A <b> 35) that are decentered as described above, the adjacent unit lenses are described above. The eccentric directions (shift directions of the eccentric amount Δ) are opposite (alternate). Specifically, for example, in the divided region A31, the eccentric directions are opposite to each other between the adjacent unit lenses UL31. Similarly, in the divided area A32, the decentering directions of the adjacent unit lenses UL32 are opposite to each other, and in the divided area A34, the decentering directions of the adjacent unit lenses UL34 are opposite to each other. In the divided area A35, the decentering directions of the adjacent unit lenses UL35 are opposite to each other.

[Operation and effect of display device 3B]
In the display device 3A according to the present modification, the fly-eye lens 15B has the above-described configuration, so that occurrence of luminance unevenness due to processing traces of each unit lens described below can be suppressed. The effect of reducing luminance unevenness due to such processing marks will be described in detail in comparison with a comparative example (Comparative Example 2).

(Comparative Example 2)
First, a general fly-eye lens 205 (unlike this embodiment, a unit lens in which the positions of the light incident side lens apex Pin and the light exit side lens apex Pout are not decentered) is used. In Comparative Example 2 provided in place of the eye lens 15B, the following is obtained. In other words, unevenness in brightness due to processing marks of each unit lens in the fly-eye lens 205 occurs on the principle described below.

  Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the center point (light incident side lens vertex Pin and light emitting side lens vertex Pout) of each unit lens UL (eccentricity Δ = 0) of the fly-eye lens 205 is defined. The passed light rays reach the same position P202 (central point) on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21). Similarly, for example, light beams that have passed through the innermost point in the X-axis direction of each unit lens UL of the fly-eye lens 205 are at the same position P203 on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 (frontmost point in the X-axis direction). To reach. In addition, for example, the light beams that have passed through the forefront point in the X-axis direction of each unit lens UL of the fly-eye lens 205 are at the same position P201 (the innermost point in the X-axis direction) on the reflective liquid crystal element 21. To reach. As described above, in the second comparative example, the light rays that have passed through the same position in each unit lens UL of the fly-eye lens 205 reach the same position on the reflective liquid crystal element 21.

  Accordingly, when similar (common) processing marks remain on the unit lenses UL of the fly-eye lens 205, the luminance unevenness caused by such processing marks is superimposed on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 at the same position. (For example, see the arrow in FIG. 16). As a result, for example, as schematically shown in FIG. 17, even on the screen 30 on which the projected image is displayed, luminance unevenness due to such processing marks occurs, and the display image quality deteriorates. become. The concentric luminance unevenness as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17 is generally caused by concentric processing marks remaining on each unit lens of the fly-eye lens, particularly in the central portion. The brightness unevenness is remarkably generated at.

  Such processing traces remain on each unit lens for the following reason. That is, when a laser is used as the light source of the illuminating device, there is an advantage that the light source can be miniaturized, and accordingly, the optical components are also required to be miniaturized. Here, since the fly-eye lens is an aggregate of a large number of unit lenses, each unit lens is very small on the order of several hundred μm. For this reason, processing accuracy as an optical component is required at the time of manufacturing, and at the current processing level, cutting marks (processing marks) of processing tools remain at the time of die processing of unit lenses. As described above, the processing traces remain in each unit lens of the fly-eye lens because the laser is used as the light source and miniaturization is advanced.

  Here, in principle, the luminance unevenness caused by such a processing mark is contributed only by the processing mark on the light incident surface side of each unit lens, and does not contribute by the processing mark on the light emitting surface side. This is due to the following reason. That is, first, when each unit lens is a biconvex lens (lens convex on both the light incident surface side and the light exit surface side), for example, if the arrangement pitch and curvature are the same, the same degree of processing trace remains. Will do. Nevertheless, as described above, only the processing trace on the light incident surface side of each unit lens contributes to the conjugate relationship in the illumination optical system. That is, first, generally, since an image on a light modulation element such as a reflective liquid crystal element is illuminated and enlarged and projected on a screen, the screen and the light modulation element are arranged in a conjugate relationship. Next, the position in the illumination optical system in which the light modulation element is conjugated will be described with reference to FIG. When a light ray is traced from the position P202 (center point) on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 (light modulation element) in FIG. 15 to the illumination optical system side, the fly-eye lens passes through the field lens 22 and the condenser lens 17. The position 205 is reached with parallel light. This is because the reflective liquid crystal element 21 is disposed at the focal length position of the field lens 22 and the condenser lens 17. At this time, if parallel light enters from the light exit surface side of the fly-eye lens 205, the focal position is near the light entrance surface of each unit lens UL in the fly-eye lens 205 (near the position of the light entrance-side lens vertex Pin). It becomes. Therefore, the vicinity of the light incident surface in the fly-eye lens 205 and the position of the reflective liquid crystal element 21 are in a conjugate relationship. Therefore, since the conjugate images are formed with a predetermined magnification between the images in the conjugate relationship, the processing trace on the light incident surface side of each unit lens UL of the fly-eye lens 205 contributes to the luminance unevenness. On the other hand, the conjugate-related position on the light emitting surface side of the fly-eye lens 205 is near the pupil of the projection lens 24 of the light beam reflected on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 and traveling toward the projection lens 24 side. Therefore, the vicinity of the light emitting surface in the fly-eye lens 205 does not have a conjugate relationship with the position of the reflective liquid crystal element 21, so that the processing trace on the light emitting surface side in each unit lens UL of the fly-eye lens 205 has uneven brightness. It does not contribute to

  In addition, it is also conceivable to deal with the luminance unevenness due to the processing marks generated by such a principle by adopting a special processing method. That is, it is a technique of removing the processing traces remaining on each unit lens by using a special processing method. However, since a special mold processing tool is required, the price of the fly-eye lens itself increases, and the processing time increases, resulting in a decrease in manufacturing efficiency.

(Reduces uneven brightness due to processing marks)
Therefore, in the present embodiment, without using such a special processing method, the shape of the unit lens in the fly-eye lens 15B is devised to suppress the occurrence of luminance unevenness due to processing marks. That is, as described above, in the unit lens of the fly-eye lens 15B, the position of at least a part of the light incident surface side lens apex Pin is decentered, thereby suppressing the occurrence of uneven brightness due to the processing mark. .

  Specifically, in the fly-eye lens 15B, for example, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, first, its light passage surface (light incident surface Sin and light emitting surface Sout) has a plurality of divided regions A31 to A35. It is divided into And the position of the light-incidence side lens vertex Pin in each unit lens UL31-UL35 differs for every some division area A31-A35.

  Thus, for example, as indicated by reference numeral P1 in FIG. 18, the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex Pin in the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 on the irradiated surface (reflective) between the plurality of divided regions A31 to A35. Different positions on the liquid crystal element 21). Specifically, in the example representatively shown in FIG. 18, the light incident side lens apex Pin in each of the unit lens UL31 in the divided area A31, the unit lens UL33 in the divided area A33, and the unit lens UL35 in the divided area A35 is represented. Passed light beams reach different positions on the reflective liquid crystal element 21. That is, only the optical path (passage path) of each light beam passing through the fly-eye lens 15B is changed without changing the illumination range on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 in the case of the comparative example 2 (FIG. 15). By doing so, the illumination relationship is changed so as not to reach the same position on the reflective liquid crystal element 21.

  Note that the light rays that have passed through the light incident side lens apex Pin in each of the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 are representatively shown by the light rays that have passed through the light incident side lens apex Pin (the portion where the processing marks appear remarkably). This is because it contributes particularly to the luminance unevenness due to the processing marks. That is, even when the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin is decentered as in the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment, the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 are processed concentrically when the mold is processed. Therefore, the same processing mark is generated around each light incident side lens apex Pin.

  In this way, the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex Pin in the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 reach different positions on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 between the plurality of divided regions A31 to A35, so that each unit. The effects of processing marks on the lenses UL31 to UL35 are added and averaged. As a result, even if processing marks remain on the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 using the existing processing method, the influence of such processing marks apparently disappears on the reflective liquid crystal element 21. . Therefore, in the present embodiment, for example, as in Example 2 shown in FIG. 19, compared to the above Comparative Example 2 shown in FIG. 16, the occurrence of uneven brightness due to the processing marks of the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 is suppressed. It is done.

  In the present embodiment, for example, as indicated by reference numerals P21, P22, and P23 in FIG. 20, the light exit side lens apex Pout in the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 passes between the plurality of divided regions A31 to A35. The light rays reach the same position on the reflective liquid crystal element 21. That is, the same position on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 as in the comparative example 2 shown in FIG. 16, although the light incident side lens apex Pin in the unit lenses UL31, UL32, UL34, and UL35 is decentered. Has reached. Therefore, since the illumination position on the reflective liquid crystal element 21 is not changed, the light use efficiency is not lowered as compared with the comparative example 2.

  Furthermore, in the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, for example, in the divided regions (divided regions A31, A32, A34, A35) where the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin is eccentric. In the adjacent unit lenses, the decentering directions (shift directions of the decentering amount Δ) are opposite to each other. Thereby, since the shape of the light incident surface Sin side of each unit lens becomes continuous, as in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 below, the adjacent unit lenses have the same eccentric direction ( The following advantages can be obtained compared to the case of the

  That is, first, in the fly-eye lens 305 according to Comparative Example 3 shown in FIG. 21, the adjacent unit lenses UL301 have the same eccentric direction (the deviation direction of the eccentric amount Δ indicated by the arrow). . For this reason, the shape on the light incident surface Sin side is discontinuous, making it difficult to form each unit lens UL301. In other words, in the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment, each unit lens can be easily formed as compared with the fly-eye lens 305 of the comparative example 3.

  In the fly-eye lens 405 according to Comparative Example 4 shown in FIG. 22 as well, the adjacent unit lenses UL 401 have the same eccentric direction (the direction of deviation of the eccentric amount Δ indicated by the arrow). Further, the eccentric shape of the fly-eye lens 405 is, for example, for scattering a light source image or having power for the purpose of forming a composite element of a condenser lens and a fly-eye lens. That is, the purpose of the eccentric shape and the eccentric shape itself are different from the fly-eye lens 15B of the present embodiment.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin in the unit lenses UL31 to UL35 is different for each of the plurality of divided regions A31 to A35. Occurrence of luminance unevenness due to processing marks is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality).

  Further, in the divided areas (divided areas A31, A32, A34, A35) in which the position of the light exit side lens apex Pin is decentered among the divided areas A31 to A35, the decentering direction between the adjacent unit lenses. Since these are opposite to each other, each unit lens can be easily formed. Therefore, the fly eye lens 15B can be easily manufactured.

<Third Embodiment>
Subsequently, a third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same thing as the component in 1st, 2nd embodiment etc., and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

[Configuration of Display Device 3C]
FIG. 23 illustrates an overall configuration of a display device (display device 3C) according to the third embodiment. The display device 3C includes the illumination device (illumination device 1C) according to the third embodiment and a display optical system for displaying an image using illumination light from the illumination device 1C. That is, in the display device 3, the lighting device 1 </ b> C is provided instead of the lighting device 1.

  The illumination device 1C includes a red laser 11R, a green laser 11G, a blue laser 11B, coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B, dichroic prisms 131 and 132, an optical element 14, a drive unit 140, a fly-eye lens 15C, and a condenser lens 17. ing. That is, this illuminating device 1C corresponds to the illuminating device 1 provided with a fly-eye lens 15C described below instead of the fly-eye lens 15, and the other configurations are the same.

(Fly Eye Lens 15C)
The fly-eye lens 15C of the present embodiment is a combination of the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15 described in the first embodiment and the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15C described in the second embodiment. ing.

  That is, for example, as can be seen from the plane (XY plane) configuration example (planar configuration example viewed from the light incident surface Sin side) of the fly-eye lens 15C shown in FIG. 24, the fly-eye lens 15C has the following configuration. It has become.

  First, a predetermined value in each of the divided regions A11 to A14 is set so that a predetermined condition is satisfied in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the reflective liquid crystal element 21) by the light emitted from each unit lens in the fly-eye lens 15C. The parameters are set. Specifically, the arrangement pitch w1 of the unit lenses in each of the divided regions A11 to A14 so as to satisfy the above-described expression (5) or (10) (desirably, the above-described expression (3) or (8)). ˜w4 or thicknesses d1 to d4 in the optical axis direction are set.

  Further, the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin in the unit lens of each of the divided areas A31 to A35 is different from one another for each of the plurality of divided areas A31 to A35. In the divided area where the position of the light incident side lens apex Pin is decentered (divided areas A31, A32, A34, A35), the adjacent unit lenses are decentered (shift direction of the decentering amount Δ). Are opposite to each other.

  Thus, since the above parameters (unit lens arrangement pitches w1 to w4 or thicknesses d1 to d4 in the optical axis direction) and the eccentricity at the light incident side lens apex Pin are parameters independent of each other, Although the number is increased, it is possible to form such a fly-eye lens 15C. In the example of the fly-eye lens 15C, the four divided regions A11, A12, A13, and A14 are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface with the center point Pc on the light passage surface as the center. At the same time, five divided regions A31, A32, A33, A34, and A35 are arranged in this order along the negative direction of the X axis when viewed from the light incident surface Sin side on the light passage surface.

[Operation and effect of display device 3C]
With such a configuration, the display device 3C of the present embodiment can obtain the same effect by the same operation as that of the first and second embodiments. That is, it is possible to reduce both the luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon and the luminance unevenness caused by the processing marks of the unit lenses, and further reduce the luminance unevenness in the illumination light (further improve the display image quality). It becomes possible. At the same time, the fly-eye lens 15C can be easily manufactured.

  In this embodiment, the fly-eye lens 15C combines the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15 described in the first embodiment and the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15C described in the second embodiment. The case where it is a thing was explained. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a fly-eye lens in which the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15A described in Modification 1 and the configuration of the fly-eye lens 15C described in the second embodiment are combined is used. May be. Also in this case, the same effect as that of the present embodiment can be obtained by the same operation as that of the first modification and the second embodiment.

<Modification 2>
Subsequently, a modification (modification 2) common to the first to third embodiments and the modification 1 will be described. This modification is an example in which any one of the fly-eye lenses according to the first to third embodiments and modification 1 is applied to a fly-eye lens having a two-stage configuration, unlike the ones described so far. It has become. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same thing as the component in 1st-3rd embodiment etc., and description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

[Configuration of Display Device 3D]
FIG. 25 illustrates an overall configuration of a display device (display device 3D) according to Modification 2. This display device 3D includes an illumination device (illumination device 1D) according to Modification 2 and a display optical system for displaying an image using illumination light from the illumination device 1D. That is, in the display device 3, the lighting device 1 </ b> D is provided instead of the lighting device 1.

  The illumination device 1D includes a red laser 11R, a green laser 11G, a blue laser 11B, coupling lenses 12R, 12G, and 12B, dichroic prisms 131 and 132, an optical element 14, a drive unit 140, fly-eye lenses 151 and 152, and a sub condenser lens. 161 and 162 and a condenser lens 17. Thus, this illuminating device 1D corresponds to the illuminating device 1 or the like in which the front-stage fly-eye lens 151 and the sub-condenser lenses 161 and 162 are further provided, and the other configurations are the same.

(Fly Eye Lens 151, 152)
Each of the fly-eye lenses 151 and 152 is an optical member (integrator) in which a plurality of unit lenses are two-dimensionally arranged on a substrate, and an incident light beam is spatially divided and emitted according to the arrangement of these unit lenses. Is. The fly-eye lens 151 is a fly-eye lens on the front stage as viewed from the light source unit side, and here, on the optical path between the light source unit and the fly-eye lens 152 (specifically, between the dichroic prism 132 and the optical element 14). (On the optical path between). The fly-eye lens 152 is a rear-stage fly-eye lens, and is disposed on the optical path between the optical element 14 and the condenser lens 17 here. These fly-eye lenses 151 and 152 emit light so that the divided light beams are superimposed. As a result, the light L2out emitted from the fly-eye lens 152 is made uniform (the light quantity distribution in the surface is made uniform) and emitted as illumination light.

  Here, in this modified example, of these two (two-stage configuration) fly-eye lenses 151 and 152, the fly-eye lens 152 on the rear stage side is one of the fly-eye lenses 15 and 15A to 15C described so far. It is comprised by either. That is, the fly-eye lens 151 corresponds to a specific example of “another homogenizing optical member” in the present disclosure, and the fly-eye lens 152 corresponds to a specific example of “a homogenizing optical member” in the present disclosure.

(Sub condenser lenses 161 and 162)
The sub-condenser lenses 161 and 162 are arranged on the optical path between the two fly-eye lenses 151 and 152 (the sub-condenser lens 161 is arranged on the fly-eye lens 151 side, and the sub-condenser lens 162 is arranged on the fly-eye lens 152 side). ing. Each of these sub-condenser lenses 161 and 162 is a lens having positive power and constitutes a relay optical system. Specifically, the sub-condenser lens 161 is a lens that collects the light emitted from the fly-eye lens 151 and makes it incident on the optical element 14. Similarly, the sub-condenser lens 162 is a lens that collects the light emitted from the optical element 14 and causes the light to enter the fly-eye lens 152.

[Operation and effect of display device 3D]
Also in the display device 3D of the present modification having such a configuration, the same effect can be obtained by the same operation as in the first to third embodiments and the first modification. That is, it is possible to reduce at least one of the luminance unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon and the luminance unevenness caused by the processing mark of each unit lens, and the luminance unevenness in the illumination light can be reduced (display image quality is improved). It becomes possible. In addition, when the luminance unevenness caused by the processing mark is reduced, it is possible to easily manufacture the fly-eye lens together with it.

  Furthermore, in this modification, since the two-stage fly-eye lenses 151 and 152 are provided in the illumination device 1D, the first-stage fly-eye lens 151 is incident on the second-stage fly-eye lens 152. The light quantity distribution of light can be made uniform. In this way, the light quantity distribution of the incident light to the second-stage fly-eye lens 152 is made uniform regardless of the divergence angle of the laser. Therefore, the F number (pseudo F number F ′) is determined by the optical design of the illumination optical system. ) Is uniquely determined, and the following fluctuations in characteristics can be suppressed. That is, in an optical system using a laser as a light source, generally, the depth of focus varies due to the variation of the divergence angle in the laser, or the degree of speckle noise, which will be described later, varies greatly. In this modification, such variation in characteristics can be suppressed.

  Further, in a projector using laser light, generally, the light intensity distribution at the pupil conjugate position is the laser radiation distribution itself (Gaussian distribution), so that the intensity near the center is strong. For this reason, the light intensity distribution near the center is also strong at the pupil position, and there is a risk of danger to the eyes of the human (user), so it is necessary to limit the intensity of the laser light (the amount of illumination light). It will occur.

  On the other hand, in the modification, the light amount distribution of the incident light L2in to the second-stage fly-eye lens 152 is made uniform by the two-stage fly-eye lenses 151 and 152 as described above. Therefore, the light quantity distribution at the pupil position is made uniform, and damage is reduced for the human eye. As a result, the restriction on the intensity of laser light (the amount of illumination light) can be relaxed, and a projector with a bright display image can be constructed while complying with safety standards.

<Other variations>
The technology of the present disclosure has been described above with some embodiments and modifications. However, the technology is not limited to these embodiments and the like, and various modifications can be made.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment and the like, the case where the light passage surface in the fly-eye lens is divided into four or five divided regions or a combination thereof is described. The number (and how to arrange the divided areas) is not limited to this. That is, it is possible to further improve the characteristics (further suppression of luminance unevenness) by increasing the number of divided regions (more finely dividing) as much as possible.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment and the like, the case where the “homogenizing optical member” in the present disclosure includes a fly-eye lens has been described as an example. However, the homogenizing optical member may be another optical member (eg, a rod integrator). You may make it consist of.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment and the like, the case where the optical element 14 and the driving unit 140 thereof are provided in the lighting device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may not be provided depending on circumstances. .

  In addition, in the above-described embodiment and the like, a case has been described in which a plurality of types (red, green, and blue) of light sources are laser light sources, but this is not a limitation. Specifically, for example, in the first embodiment, the first modification, and those modifications, at least one of the plurality of types of light sources may be a laser light source. That is, a combination of a laser light source and another light source (such as an LED) may be provided in the light source unit. Further, for example, in the second embodiment and its modifications, each of the plurality of types of light sources may be replaced with another light source (for example, LED) other than the laser light source in an arbitrary combination.

  In the above-described embodiment and the like, the case where the light modulation element is a reflective liquid crystal element has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this case. That is, for example, a transmissive liquid crystal element may be used, and further, a light modulation element other than the liquid crystal element (for example, DMD (Digital Micromirror Device)) may be used.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where three types of light sources that emit light of different wavelengths have been described. For example, instead of three types of light sources, one type, two types, or four or more types of light sources are used. It may be.

  In addition, in the above-described embodiment and the like, each component (optical system) of the illumination device and the display device has been specifically described, but it is not necessary to include all the components, and other components are not included. Furthermore, you may provide. Specifically, for example, instead of the dichroic prisms 131 and 132, dichroic mirrors may be provided. A prism may be provided instead of the polarizing beam splitter 23.

  Moreover, although the said embodiment etc. demonstrated the case where it was equipped with the projection optical system (projection lens) which projects the light modulated by the light modulation element on a screen, and was comprised as a projection type display apparatus, this technique Can be applied to a direct-view display device or the like.

［３］
前記パラメータが、前記光通過面内での前記単位レンズの配列ピッチであり、
前記係数α＝１である
上記［２］に記載の照明装置。
［４］
前記パラメータが、前記単位レンズの光軸方向の厚みであり、
前記係数α≠１である
上記［２］に記載の照明装置。
［５］
更に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
上記［３］または［４］に記載の照明装置。
［６］
前記複数の分割領域の個数が、偶数である
上記［１］ないし［５］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［７］
前記複数の分割領域が、前記光通過面上で点対称に配置されている
上記［１］ないし［６］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［８］
前記均一化光学部材がフライアイレンズからなる
上記［１］ないし［７］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［９］
前記光源部と前記均一化光学部材との間の光路上に、他の均一化光学部材を更に備えた
上記［１］ないし［８］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１０］
照明光を出射する照明装置と、
前記照明光を映像信号に基づいて変調する光変調素子と
を備え、
前記照明装置は、
レーザ光源を含む光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける形状のパラメータが、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記単位レンズからの出射光により形成される光量分布における山状部分と谷状部分とが、前記複数の分割領域ごとに得られる前記光量分布同士の重ね合わせによって互いに減殺し合うように、各分割領域における前記パラメータが設定されている
表示装置。
［１１］
前記光変調素子により変調された照明光を被投射面に対して投射する投射光学系を更に備えた
上記［１０］に記載の表示装置。
［１２］
前記光変調素子が液晶素子である
上記［１０］または［１１］に記載の表示装置。
［１３］
光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
照明装置。
［１４］
前記複数の分割領域間で、前記単位レンズにおける前記光入射側レンズ頂点を通過した光線同士が、被照射面上の異なる位置に到達する
上記［１３］に記載の照明装置。
［１５］
前記複数の分割領域間で、前記単位レンズにおける前記光出射側レンズ頂点に対向する光入射位置を通過した光線同士が、被照射面上の同じ位置に到達する
上記［１３］または［１４］に記載の照明装置。
［１６］
前記均一化光学部材がフライアイレンズからなる
上記［１３］ないし［１５］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１７］
前記光源部と前記均一化光学部材との間の光路上に、他の均一化光学部材を更に備えた
上記［１３］ないし［１６］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１８］
照明光を出射する照明装置と、
前記照明光を映像信号に基づいて変調する光変調素子と
を備え、
前記照明装置は、
光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
表示装置。
［１９］
前記光変調素子により変調された照明光を被投射面に対して投射する投射光学系を更に備えた
上記［１８］に記載の表示装置。
［２０］
前記光変調素子が液晶素子である
上記［１８］または［１９］に記載の表示装置。 In addition, this technique can also take the following structures.
[1]
A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
Each division so that a crest-like portion and a valley-like portion in the light amount distribution formed by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually reduced by superposition of the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. The lighting device in which the parameters in the area are set.
[2]
The lighting device according to [1], wherein the following expression (1) is satisfied.

[3]
The parameter is an arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the light passage surface,
The lighting device according to [2], wherein the coefficient α = 1.
[4]
The parameter is the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction,
The lighting device according to [2], wherein the coefficient α ≠ 1.
[5]
Furthermore, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different from each other for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, eccentric directions, which are displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to a position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other. [3] or [4] Lighting device.
[6]
The lighting device according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the number of the plurality of divided regions is an even number.
[7]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the plurality of divided regions are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface.
[8]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the uniformizing optical member is formed of a fly-eye lens.
[9]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [8], further including another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member.
[10]
An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
Each division so that a crest-like portion and a valley-like portion in the light amount distribution formed by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually reduced by superposition of the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. A display device in which the parameters in the area are set.
[11]
The display device according to [10], further including a projection optical system that projects the illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto the projection surface.
[12]
The display device according to [10] or [11], wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element.
[13]
A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other.
[14]
The illumination device according to [13], wherein the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex of the unit lens reach different positions on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions.
[15]
In the above [13] or [14], the light beams that have passed through the light incident position facing the light emitting side lens apex in the unit lens reach the same position on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions. The lighting device described.
[16]
The illumination device according to any one of [13] to [15], wherein the uniformizing optical member is formed of a fly-eye lens.
[17]
The illumination device according to any one of [13] to [16], further including another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member.
[18]
An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other.
[19]
The display device according to [18], further including a projection optical system that projects illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto a projection surface.
[20]
The display device according to [18] or [19], wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A-1D ... Illuminating device, 11R ... Red laser, 11G ... Green laser, 11B ... Blue laser, 12R, 12G, 12B ... Coupling lens, 131, 132 ... Dichroic prism, 14 ... Optical element, 140 ... Drive part 15, 15A to 15C, 151, 152 ... fly-eye lens, 161, 162 ... sub-condenser lens, 17 ... condenser lens, 21 ... reflective liquid crystal element, 22 ... field lens, 23 ... polarization beam splitter, 24 ... projection lens 3, 3A to 3D ... display device, 30 ... screen, Z0 ... optical axis, Lin ... incident light, Lout, Sin ... light incident surface, Sout ... light exit surface, A11-A14, A21-A24, A31-A35 ... Division area, UL11 to UL14, UL21 to UL24, UL31 to UL35, unit lens, Pc, center point, w, w1-w4 ... (horizontal direction) arrangement pitch, d, d1-d4 ... optical axis direction thickness, Pin ... light incident side lens apex, Pout ... light exit side lens apex, p ... (vertical direction) arrangement pitch, Δ: Eccentricity.

Lighting device of the present disclosure includes a light source section including a laser light source, has a two-dimensionally arranged plurality of unit lenses, light from the light source side is that a uniform optical member passing. The light passing surface of the homogenizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions including at least the first and second regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions. . An apex of the outermost mountain-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens in the first region, and 2 located inside the outermost mountain-shaped portion in this light amount distribution. Between the apex of the second peak portion, the peak of the peak portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens in the second region is positioned . Parameters in at least first and second areas of the plurality of divided areas are set.

Viewing device of the present disclosure is provided with a lighting device of the present disclosure that emits illumination light and a light modulation device for modulating based on an image signal of the illumination light.

In lighting device and Display apparatus of the present disclosure, the light from the light source side through the uniformization optical member uniformity of light intensity is achieved, is emitted as illumination light. Here, the vertex of the outermost mountain-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface (on the light modulation element) by the light emitted from the unit lens in the first region of the uniformizing optical member, and the light amount In the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens in the second region between the top of the second mountain-shaped portion located inside the outermost mountain-shaped portion in the distribution Parameters in at least the first and second areas of the plurality of divided areas are set so that the apex of the mountain-shaped portion is located . As a result, uneven diffraction (brightness unevenness caused by the diffraction phenomenon) generated in the light amount distribution on the irradiated surface due to the coherence in the laser light and the two-dimensional arrangement of the plurality of unit lenses in the uniformizing optical member. To reduce.

The illumination device according to the reference example of the present disclosure includes a light source unit and a uniformizing optical member that includes a plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged and through which light from the light source unit side passes. The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. Among the plurality of divided areas, in the divided area where the position of the light incident side lens apex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens apex in the unit lens, the light with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex between adjacent unit lenses The eccentric directions that are the displacement directions of the incident side lens apexes are opposite to each other.

A display device according to a reference example of the present disclosure includes the lighting device according to the reference example of the present disclosure that emits illumination light, and a light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal.

In the illumination device according to the reference example of the present disclosure and the display device according to the reference example , the light from the light source unit side passes through the uniformizing optical member, the light amount is uniformed, and is emitted as illumination light. Here, the light passage surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. As a result, between the plurality of divided regions, the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex of the unit lens reach different positions on the irradiated surface (on the light modulation element). As a result, the occurrence of uneven brightness due to the processing marks of each unit lens can be suppressed. Also, among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided regions where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens, the eccentric directions of the adjacent unit lenses are opposite to each other. ing. As a result, the shape of each unit lens on the light incident surface side is continuous, and therefore, when adjacent unit lenses have the same eccentricity direction (aligned) (shape on the light incident surface side). Each unit lens can be formed more easily.

According to the lighting device and Display device of the present disclosure, between the vertex of the vertex and the second mountain-shaped portions of the mountain-shaped portion of the outermost, the unit lenses of the second region Because the parameters in at least the first and second regions of the plurality of divided regions are set so that the peak of the mountain-shaped portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the emitted light of , Unevenness in luminance caused by diffraction phenomenon is reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality).

According to the illumination device according to the reference example of the present disclosure and the display device according to the reference example, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions. Occurrence of luminance unevenness due to processing marks is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to reduce luminance unevenness in illumination light (to improve display image quality). Also, among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided regions where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens, the eccentric directions of the adjacent unit lenses are opposite to each other. Therefore, each unit lens can be easily formed. Therefore, the uniform optical member can be easily manufactured.

［３］
前記パラメータが、前記光通過面内での前記単位レンズの配列ピッチであり、
前記係数α＝１である
上記［２］に記載の照明装置。
［４］
前記パラメータが、前記単位レンズの光軸方向の厚みであり、
前記係数α≠１である
上記［２］に記載の照明装置。
［５］
更に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
上記［３］または［４］に記載の照明装置。
［６］
前記複数の分割領域の個数が、偶数である
上記［１］ないし［５］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［７］
前記複数の分割領域が、前記光通過面上で点対称に配置されている
上記［１］ないし［６］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［８］
前記均一化光学部材がフライアイレンズからなる
上記［１］ないし［７］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［９］
前記光源部と前記均一化光学部材との間の光路上に、他の均一化光学部材を更に備えた
上記［１］ないし［８］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１０］
照明光を出射する照明装置と、
前記照明光を映像信号に基づいて変調する光変調素子と
を備え、
前記照明装置は、
レーザ光源を含む光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける形状のパラメータが、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記単位レンズからの出射光により形成される光量分布における山状部分と谷状部分とが、前記複数の分割領域ごとに得られる前記光量分布同士の重ね合わせによって互いに減殺し合うように、各分割領域における前記パラメータが設定されている
表示装置。
［１１］
前記光変調素子により変調された照明光を被投射面に対して投射する投射光学系を更に備えた
上記［１０］に記載の表示装置。
［１２］
前記光変調素子が液晶素子である
上記［１０］または［１１］に記載の表示装置。
［１３］
光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
照明装置。
［１４］
前記複数の分割領域間で、前記単位レンズにおける前記光入射側レンズ頂点を通過した光線同士が、被照射面上の異なる位置に到達する
上記［１３］に記載の照明装置。
［１５］
前記複数の分割領域間で、前記単位レンズにおける前記光出射側レンズ頂点に対向する光入射位置を通過した光線同士が、被照射面上の同じ位置に到達する
上記［１３］または［１４］に記載の照明装置。
［１６］
前記均一化光学部材がフライアイレンズからなる
上記［１３］ないし［１５］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１７］
前記光源部と前記均一化光学部材との間の光路上に、他の均一化光学部材を更に備えた
上記［１３］ないし［１６］のいずれかに記載の照明装置。
［１８］
照明光を出射する照明装置と、
前記照明光を映像信号に基づいて変調する光変調素子と
を備え、
前記照明装置は、
光源部と、
２次元配列された複数の単位レンズを有し、前記光源部側からの光が通過する均一化光学部材と
を備え、
前記均一化光学部材における光通過面が複数の分割領域に分割されていると共に、前記単位レンズにおける光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が、前記複数の分割領域ごとに互いに異なっており、
前記複数の分割領域のうち、前記単位レンズにおける光出射側レンズ頂点の位置から前記光入射側レンズ頂点の位置が変位している分割領域では、
隣接する前記単位レンズ同士において、前記光出射側レンズ頂点の位置に対する前記光入射側レンズ頂点の変位方向である偏芯方向が、互いに逆となっている
表示装置。
［１９］
前記光変調素子により変調された照明光を被投射面に対して投射する投射光学系を更に備えた
上記［１８］に記載の表示装置。
［２０］
前記光変調素子が液晶素子である
上記［１８］または［１９］に記載の表示装置。
In addition, this technique can also take the following structures.
[1]
A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
Each division so that a crest-like portion and a valley-like portion in the light amount distribution formed by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually reduced by superposition of the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. The lighting device in which the parameters in the area are set.
[2]
The lighting device according to [1], wherein the following expression (1) is satisfied.

[3]
The parameter is an arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the light passage surface,
The lighting device according to [2], wherein the coefficient α = 1.
[4]
The parameter is the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction,
The lighting device according to [2], wherein the coefficient α ≠ 1.
[5]
Furthermore, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different from each other for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, eccentric directions, which are displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to a position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other. [3] or [4] Lighting device.
[6]
The lighting device according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the number of the plurality of divided regions is an even number.
[7]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the plurality of divided regions are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface.
[8]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the uniformizing optical member is formed of a fly-eye lens.
[9]
The illumination device according to any one of [1] to [8], further including another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member.
[10]
An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
Each division so that a crest-like portion and a valley-like portion in the light amount distribution formed by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually reduced by superposition of the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. A display device in which the parameters in the area are set.
[11]
The display device according to [10], further including a projection optical system that projects the illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto the projection surface.
[12]
The display device according to [10] or [11], wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element.
[13]
A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other.
[14]
The illumination device according to [13], wherein the light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex of the unit lens reach different positions on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions.
[15]
In the above [13] or [14], the light beams that have passed through the light incident position facing the light emitting side lens apex in the unit lens reach the same position on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions. The lighting device described.
[16]
The illumination device according to any one of [13] to [15], wherein the uniformizing optical member is formed of a fly-eye lens.
[17]
The illumination device according to any one of [13] to [16], further including another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member.
[18]
An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other.
[19]
The display device according to [18], further including a projection optical system that projects illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto a projection surface.
[20]
The display device according to [18] or [19], wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element.

Claims (20)

A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
A crest-like portion and a valley-like portion in the light amount distribution formed on the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens are mutually reduced by overlapping the light amount distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions. As described above, the parameter in each divided region is set. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the following expression (1) is satisfied.

The parameter is an arrangement pitch of the unit lenses in the light passage surface,
The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the coefficient α = 1. The parameter is the thickness of the unit lens in the optical axis direction,
The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the coefficient α ≠ 1. Furthermore, the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different from each other for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
The illuminating device according to claim 3, wherein in the adjacent unit lenses, eccentric directions, which are displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to a position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of divided regions is an even number. The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of divided regions are arranged point-symmetrically on the light passage surface. The illumination device according to claim 1, wherein the uniformizing optical member is formed of a fly-eye lens. The illumination device according to claim 1, further comprising another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member. An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit including a laser light source;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the shape parameters of the unit lens are different from each other for the plurality of divided regions,
Overlapping of the light quantity distributions obtained for each of the plurality of divided regions is a mountain-like part and a valley-like part in the light quantity distribution formed on the light modulation element as the irradiated surface by the light emitted from the unit lens. The display device in which the parameters in each divided region are set so as to reduce each other by matching. The display device according to claim 10, further comprising a projection optical system that projects illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto a projection surface. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element. A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other. The illuminating device according to claim 13, wherein light beams that have passed through the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens reach different positions on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions. The illuminating device according to claim 13, wherein light beams that have passed through a light incident position facing the light emitting side lens apex of the unit lens reach the same position on the irradiated surface between the plurality of divided regions. The illuminating device according to claim 13, wherein the uniformizing optical member includes a fly-eye lens. The illuminating device according to claim 13, further comprising another uniformizing optical member on an optical path between the light source unit and the uniformizing optical member. An illumination device that emits illumination light;
A light modulation element that modulates the illumination light based on a video signal,
The lighting device includes:
A light source unit;
A plurality of unit lenses that are two-dimensionally arranged, and a uniformizing optical member through which light from the light source section passes,
The light passing surface of the uniformizing optical member is divided into a plurality of divided regions, and the position of the light incident side lens apex in the unit lens is different for each of the plurality of divided regions,
Among the plurality of divided regions, in the divided region where the position of the light incident side lens vertex is displaced from the position of the light emitting side lens vertex of the unit lens,
In the adjacent unit lenses, the eccentric directions, which are the displacement directions of the light incident side lens apex with respect to the position of the light emitting side lens apex, are opposite to each other. The display device according to claim 18, further comprising a projection optical system that projects the illumination light modulated by the light modulation element onto a projection surface. The display device according to claim 18, wherein the light modulation element is a liquid crystal element.

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