JP2016152690A - Power demand control system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power demand control system capable of prompting power saving or, conversely, prompting power consuming depending on a situation, by changing a user's contract current value by controlling the value externally.SOLUTION: A power demand control system includes: a trunk breaker 7 which is assembled to a power distribution board 6 and to which a breaking current value for a cable way is set according to a contract with a power supply company; a server 11 disposed on a general-purpose communication network S in order to perform change control on the trunk breaker 7's breaking current value. The trunk breaker 7 comprises: a breaker communication IF for receiving a control signal from the server 11; and a trunk breaker CPU 18 for receiving the control signal to change the breaking current value. The server 11 grasps power consumed by the whole user H and supply capability of a power supply company 1; and when it is determined that a power supply/demand balance is tight, performs control of decreasing the trunk breaker 7's breaking current value.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power demand control system in which the current capacity of individual consumers using commercial power can be changed from the outside, that is, the contract current can be changed from the outside.

In a consumer of electric power, for example, a general house, a lead-in wire is connected to a watt hour meter, and then the electric power drawn into each electric equipment in a dwelling unit such as an electric light or a refrigerator is supplied through a distribution board.
The distribution board may or may not be attached depending on the region or contract, but a current limiter is attached that cuts off the electric circuit when the combined current flowing through the electric circuit exceeds a predetermined contract current by the power supplier.
Then, a main circuit breaker that has an earth leakage breaker function at the subsequent stage and interrupts the electric circuit when the current exceeds a predetermined value is installed, and the secondary side of the main circuit breaker is connected to a plurality of branch breakers. The branch circuit breaker branches the electric circuit into a plurality of lines, and each branch electric circuit is connected to a load to supply power.
The contract capacity is set by this current limiter (or the current capacity of the main breaker if no current limiter is provided), and the basic charge is determined.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for saving power and further reducing power charges in a general household equipped with a distribution board having such a configuration. In Patent Document 1, the distribution board is provided with a centralized management device that measures the current flowing through each branch breaker, measures the amount of power used, and notifies the outside, thereby urging the customer to save power by viewing the measured data I was able to. In addition, it is possible to promote saving of electricity charges by communicating with a central management device and a server provided in an electric power company and issuing an alarm according to a charge menu applied to each customer.
On the other hand, Patent Document 2 discloses a technology that can easily change the contracted capacity without changing the current limiter when the current limiter is installed in the residential distribution board.

JP 2006-246684 A JP 2008-79412 A

Since the purpose of the system for performing the control as described in Patent Document 1 is to encourage the customer to use economical and efficient power, the system is configured to always perform control for encouraging power saving. However, even if such a system was implemented, the actual amount of power reduction was not as expected, and only a small amount of power was saved.
On the other hand, even at present, there is a surplus in power supply at night compared to daytime, so it is possible to supply enough power without promoting savings, such as setting an inexpensive time zone to promote nighttime power consumption. A time zone has occurred.
In this regard, when considering not only reducing the power consumed by consumers but also encouraging consumption, the current limiter technology that can easily change the current limit described above can be used to encourage consumers to save money. It is possible to create a situation where the savings can be relaxed and consumed relatively freely.

  Therefore, in view of such a problem, the present invention controls the consumer's contract current value from the outside and changes it, thereby realizing reliable power saving according to the situation and conversely encouraging consumption. The purpose is to provide a demand control system.

In order to solve the above-described problem, the power demand control system according to the invention of claim 1 is configured to receive a power supplied from a power supply company and supply the drawn electric circuit to each electric device of the consumer. A distribution board that diverges into multiple parts, a main circuit breaker that is built into the distribution board and sets the circuit breaker current value based on a contract with a power supplier, and a control that changes the breaker current value of the main circuit breaker The main circuit breaker means a control signal receiving unit for receiving a control signal from the cut-off current management device, and a cut-off current value in response to the control signal. A breaker current control unit that changes the power supply, and the breaker current management device grasps the power consumed by the entire consumer and the supply capacity of the power supplier, and determines that the power supply-demand balance is tight. Then shut off the main circuit breaker Which comprises carrying out the control to reduce the current values.
According to this configuration, the power consumption of each consumer can be reduced by setting the cut-off current value of the main circuit cut-off means low when the power is tight, and the power supply-demand balance is disrupted, resulting in a large-scale power outage The situation can be avoided with certainty, and power management that takes into account the balance of power supply and demand becomes possible.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to the first aspect, when the breaking current management device determines that there is a margin in the supply and demand balance of power, it performs control to increase the breaking current value of the main electric circuit breaking means. Features.
According to this configuration, if there is a margin in power supply, the power consumption of individual consumers can be increased by increasing the interrupting current value of the main circuit interrupting means, taking into account the power supply-demand balance Management becomes possible.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to the first or second aspect, the main electric circuit interruption means outputs an alarm signal when a predetermined interruption current value or a predetermined current close to the set interruption current value is applied to the electric circuit. An alarm output unit is provided.
According to this configuration, it can be configured to issue an alarm before the shut-off operation, and the resident can recognize the state of the electric circuit before the shut-off, and can take necessary measures.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to third aspects, the main electric circuit breaking means notifies the change when the cut-off current value is changed by receiving a control signal from the cut-off current management device. It has the part.
According to this configuration, when the cutoff current value is changed, it is notified so that the resident can recognize it and easily deal with it.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the main electric circuit interruption means is configured such that a reference contract current value is set with a power supply company for each consumer, The current management device is characterized in that a control current is set to a cutoff current lower than a reference contract current value during a specific time zone during the day, and is returned to the reference contract current value outside a specific time zone.
According to this configuration, since the cut-off current value is lowered during the day when the demand for electric power increases, the overall power consumption can be suppressed, and the situation where the supply-demand balance is tight can be reduced. Moreover, the basic charge set by the cut-off current value is lowered by lowering the cut-off current value, and the customer can reduce the power charge.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the breaking current management device includes at least one of a seasonal electricity charge and an hourly electricity charge set by a power supplier. Electricity charges by time zone are registered, and control for lowering the breaking current value is performed in a time zone when electricity charges are high.
According to this configuration, the cut-off current value is reduced during periods when electricity charges are high, so the use of power is restricted and the electricity charge is reduced. You can reduce the fee.

A seventh aspect of the invention is the configuration according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, further comprising a photovoltaic power generation facility that enables a consumer to reversely flow surplus power from a circuit that has been drawn in by grid connection, The power conditioner of the photovoltaic power generation facility is characterized in that it communicates with the main electric circuit interruption means and increases or decreases the output of the photovoltaic power generation in proportion to the increase or decrease of the interruption current value of the main electric circuit interruption means.
According to this configuration, conventionally, power generation had to be stopped when power was tight, but the generated current of photovoltaic power generation is proportional to the cutoff current value of the main circuit cutoff means, so the cutoff current is set low. Even in such a case, it is possible to suppress photovoltaic power generation while securing a certain amount of power generation without stopping power generation, and as a result, it is possible to prevent the situation where the amount of interconnection exceeds the demand amount by reducing the reverse power flow. It becomes possible.

The invention according to an eighth aspect is characterized in that, in the configuration according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the main electric circuit breaking means is a main breaker to which a branch breaker is connected in the subsequent stage.
According to this configuration, since the main breaker has the function of changing the cut-off current, it is not necessary to separately provide a device for changing the cut-off current, and the inside of the distribution board can be effectively used.

  According to the present invention, if the cut-off current value of the main circuit cut-off means is set low when the power is tight, the power consumption of each consumer can be reduced, and if there is a margin in the supplied power, the cut-off current of the main circuit cut-off means By increasing the value, it is possible to increase the power consumption of each individual consumer, and it becomes possible to perform optimal power management in consideration of the power supply / demand balance.

It is a lineblock diagram showing an example of a power demand control system concerning the present invention. It is a circuit block diagram of a master breaker.

  DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a power demand control system according to the present invention, where 1 (1a, 1b) is a power supplier, and 2 is power installed in a power consumer H such as a detached house. A meter, P is a power transmission network for transmitting power, and S is a general-purpose communication network for transmitting control signals and data. In addition, 5 is a solar cell panel installed in the consumer H, 6 is a distribution board for branching the received power into a plurality, 7 is provided with a leakage break function, and cuts off the electric circuit when a current exceeding the contract current flows. A main breaker 8 is a power conditioner that converts the direct current of solar power generation into alternating current.

Among the power supply companies 1, 1 a indicates a general electric company, and 1 b indicates a specific scale electric company that supplies electric power generated by various power generation sources such as wind power generation and solar power generation. The electric power supplied by both parties is transmitted to each customer H of the contract partner through a common power transmission network P.
And it is supplied to the consumer H from the power transmission network P via the lead-in line Q1, and is connected to the primary side of the watt-hour meter 2 installed in the consumer H. The secondary side of the watt-hour meter 2 is connected to a distribution board 6 installed in the customer H by an electric wire Q2.

  The general electric power company 1a and the specific-scale electric power company 1b are supplied with electric power by using the common power transmission network P. However, except for partial supply, the customer H of the supply destination is different, and the consumer is Electric power is supplied by contracting with one of the power supply providers 1.

  Then, a server 11 (11a, 11b) for changing and controlling the contract current value of the consumer H is installed in the power supplier 1, and the watt-hour meter 2 and the general-purpose communication network S installed in the consumer H are installed. Communication is performed via The watt-hour meter 2 has a communication IF (not shown) that communicates with the server 11 and the main breaker 7, and is connected to the general-purpose communication network S via a communication line U1. The watt-hour meter 2 and the main breaker 7 are connected by a communication line U2.

  The server 11 stores information on charges according to time zones set by the power supplier 1 and charges that vary with the season, information on the power consumed by the entire consumer from the power supplier 1, and the power supplier The supply current information is provided, the situation is judged, and the cut-off current of the contracted master breaker 7 is changed and controlled. For example, when it is determined that the power rate is set high or the power supply / demand balance is tight, a control signal for lowering the cutoff current value of the main breaker 7 is sent via the general-purpose communication network S. It transmits to the main breaker 7 of each customer H, and the control which lowers | hangs a cutoff current value is implemented.

  The main breaker 7 is installed in the distribution board 6, and the electric wire Q <b> 2 is connected to the primary side of the main breaker 7. A branch breaker (not shown) is connected to the secondary side of the main breaker 7, and is connected to an electric device (not shown) via the branch breaker to supply power.

FIG. 2 shows a circuit block diagram of the main breaker 7, which will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The main breaker 7 is provided with an electric circuit L composed of a single-phase three-wire formed by connecting an electric wire Q2 drawn from the watt hour meter 2, and opens and closes the open / close contact 12 and the open / close contact 12 that open and close the electric circuit L. The trip unit 13 to be operated, the current detection unit 14 for detecting the circuit current, the breaking current control signal transmitted from the server 11 and the breaker communication IF 15 for sending an alarm signal, and the breaking current control signal are set. Breaking current storage unit 16 for storing the cut-off current information, notification of change of breaking current value, notifying unit 17 for notifying that a breaking current value or a predetermined current close to the current value is energized, circuit current A main breaker CPU 18 that determines abnormality based on information and controls the main breaker 7, and a power source 1 that generates a DC voltage for driving the control circuit of the main breaker 7 from the electric circuit L It has a like.
And the consumer H shown in FIG. 1 is equipped with the photovoltaic power generation equipment, In addition to the communication line U2 connected to the watt-hour meter 2, the communication line U3 which communicates with the power conditioner 8 is provided in the breaker communication IF15. It is connected.

  The main breaker 7 and the watt hour meter 2 may be wireless communication or power line carrier communication called PLC (Power Line Communication). In this case, the communication line L3 is also used as the lead-in line Q2. Is done. Further, a dedicated output contact may be provided in addition to the notification unit 17 to transmit an alarm signal to the outside.

The main breaker 7 has a cut-off current value set for each customer H by a contract with the power supply company 1, and is controlled to change this cut-off current value by a control signal from the server 11. Hereinafter, this interruption current change control will be described.
However, the general electric utility 1a is basically controlled to lower the breaking current value, and the basic fee set in proportion to the contract current is also reduced during the time period when the breaking current value is lowered. For example, when the contract current value is 50 amperes, the cutoff current value is based on 50 amperes, and when the control signal from the server 11 is lowered to 40 amperes, the basic charge is also reduced in conjunction.

In order to encourage customers H to save electricity during the day, if the electricity charges during the daytime hours when there is a lot of power demand are set higher than during the nighttime, only the designated time zone during the daytime will be shut off. Control the current to be lower than the reference contract current value. Specifically, a control signal for lowering the cut-off current is transmitted from the server 11 to the main breaker 7 via the general-purpose communication network S, and the main breaker CPU 18 that has received this control signal performs control for lowering the cut-off current value. Further, when the breaking current value is lowered, a message such as “the breaking capacity has been lowered” is reported from the notification unit 17.
When the electric circuit current value reaches the breaking current, an alarm sound or the like is reported from the notification unit 17 before the breaking operation is performed under the control of the main breaker CPU 18. Further, an alarm signal is output to the outside via the breaker communication IF.

As a result, since the cut-off current value is lowered during the day when the demand for power is high, the overall power consumption can be suppressed, and the situation where the supply-demand balance is tight can be reduced. In addition, the basic charge set by the cut-off current value is reduced by lowering the cut-off current value, and the customer H can reduce the power charge.
In addition, since the cut-off current value is lowered during periods when electricity charges are high, the use of power is restricted, resulting in a drop in power charges. .
Furthermore, since the alarm is issued before the shut-off operation, the resident can recognize the condition of the electric circuit before the power failure occurs and can take necessary measures, and the server 11 receives the alarm signal transmitted to the outside. If data is accumulated, it will be useful for future control.
Moreover, since the notification is made when the interrupting current value of the main breaker 7 is changed, the resident can recognize it and easily deal with it.

  On the other hand, in the specific scale electric power company 1b, the ratio of wind power generation and solar power generation to the generated power may be large, and the unit price of power generation may be reduced depending on weather conditions, so the basic charge does not increase. On the premise of this, control for making the cutoff current value larger than the contracted capacity may be performed. However, even when the cut-off current value is increased in this way, a message such as “I raised the cut-off capacity” is reported from the notification unit under the control of the main breaker CPU 18. With such control, power demand can be promoted.

  Moreover, in the consumer H provided with the photovoltaic power generation equipment provided with the solar cell panel 5 and the power conditioner 8, the photovoltaic power is linked to the AC power supplied from the power supplier 1, and the dwelling unit The generated power exceeding the demand in the system is configured to flow backward to the power transmission network P through the lead-in line Q1.

When such a facility is provided, the power conditioner 8 is connected to the main breaker 7 via the communication line U3 to perform communication, and the change information of the cutoff current value is notified to the power conditioner 8. Then, the power conditioner 8 that has received this notification causes the power generation output of the solar battery panel 5 to be interlocked with the change in the cut-off current value, that is, if the cut-off current value of the main breaker 7 is lowered, the power-generation output is also lowered. When the value is increased, the power generation output is controlled to increase.
As a result, the generated power of the photovoltaic power generation is proportional to the cutoff current value of the main breaker 7, so that even if the cutoff current value is set low, the photovoltaic power generation can be achieved while ensuring a certain amount of power generation without stopping the power generation. Electric power can also be suppressed, and as a result, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the amount of reverse flowing power is reduced and the amount of interconnection on the power transmission network P exceeds the demand amount, leading to a power failure.

In this way, if the cutoff current value of the main breaker 7 is set low when the power is tight, the power used by each consumer can be reduced, and if there is a margin in the supplied power, the cutoff current value of the main breaker 7 can be increased. Thus, the power consumption of each consumer can be increased, and power management can be performed taking into consideration the balance of power supply and demand.
In addition, since the main breaker 7 has the function of changing the cut-off current, it is not necessary to separately provide a device for changing the cut-off current value, and the inside of the distribution board can be used effectively.

In the above embodiment, the power consumption is adjusted by changing the current capacity of the main breaker 7. However, when the current limiter is installed upstream of the main breaker 7, the current limiter The cut-off current may be changed from the outside to adjust the power consumption. In addition, when the distance from the lead-in location to the distribution board is long, a separate main switch may be installed on the secondary side of the watt hour meter. Control it.
Furthermore, there is an aggregator between the power supplier 1 and the customer H, which can cope with demand response, and if a power saving request occurs when supply and demand are tight, it is ensured by lowering the cut-off current value. As a result, the customer H can increase the return rate of cooperation money.
In addition, the server 11 is installed in the power supply company so that the power supply company 1 can easily manage it, but a management company is provided separately and placed on the general-purpose communication network S independently of the power supply company 1. You may do it.

  1 .... Power supplier 2 .... Electricity meter 5 .... Solar panel, 8 .... Power conditioner, 6 .... Distributor board, 7 .... Main circuit breaker (electric circuit breaker), 11 .... Server (Current capacity management device), 15 .... breaker communication IF (control signal receiving unit, alarm output unit), 16 .... breaking current storage unit, 17 .... notification unit, 18 .... main breaker CPU (breaking current control unit) , S ... General-purpose communication network, P ... Transmission network, H ... Consumer, Q1, ... service line, U1, U2, U3 ... communication line.

Claims (8)

In order to receive the power supplied from the power supplier and supply it to each electrical device of the consumer,
A main circuit breaker that is incorporated in the distribution board and in which a cut-off current value of the circuit is set by a contract with the power supply company;
An interruption current management device disposed on a general-purpose communication network for changing and controlling the interruption current value of the main electric circuit interruption means;
The main electric circuit interruption means, a control signal receiving unit for receiving a control signal from the interruption current management device,
With a cutoff current control unit that receives the control signal and changes the cutoff current value,
The cut-off current management device grasps the power consumed by the entire consumer and the supply capacity of the power supply company, and determines that the balance between power supply and demand is tight, the cut-off current of the main circuit cut-off means An electric power demand control system characterized by performing control to lower the value. 2. The power demand control system according to claim 1, wherein the cutoff current management device performs control to increase a cutoff current value of the main electric circuit cutoff means when it is determined that there is a margin in power supply and demand balance. The said main electric circuit interruption | blocking means has an alarm output part which outputs an alarm signal, when the predetermined electric current close | similar to the set interruption | blocking electric current value or the electric current is supplied to the said electric circuit. Power demand control system. The said main electric circuit interruption | blocking means has an alerting | reporting part which alert | reports a change, if the interruption electric current value is changed in response to the control signal from the said interruption electric current management apparatus, The change part is characterized by the above-mentioned. Electric power demand control system. The main electric circuit interruption means has a standard contract current value set with the power supply company for each consumer,
The cut-off current management device sets a cut-off current lower than the reference contract current value during a specific time zone during the day, and performs control to return to the reference contract current value outside the specific time zone. The power demand control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4. In the breaking current management device, at least hourly electricity charges are registered among the seasonal electricity charges and hourly electricity charges set by the power supplier, and the breaking current value is set in a time zone when the electricity charges are high. The power demand control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a control for lowering is performed. The customer is provided with a photovoltaic power generation facility that enables surplus power through grid interconnection and reverse power flow from the drawn-in electric circuit,
The power conditioner of the solar power generation facility communicates with the main electric circuit interrupting means to increase or decrease the output of the solar power generation in proportion to the increase or decrease of the interrupting current value of the main electric circuit interrupting means. The power demand control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The power demand control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the main electric circuit interruption means is a main breaker to which a branch breaker is connected in the subsequent stage.

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