JP2016151529A - Soil property estimation method and soil processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a property estimation method capable of easily estimating the property of the soil stored in a flexible container, and provide a soil processing method of it.SOLUTION: The soil property estimation method includes: a striking process in which the outer surface of a flexible container 10 storing soil S is struck with a hammer 1 having an acceleration sensor 5; a data acquisition process of acquiring acceleration waveform data from the acceleration sensor 5 when, in the striking process, the hammer 1 collides against the outer surface of the flexible container 10; and a property estimation process of estimating the property of the soil S in the flexible container 10 on the basis of the acceleration waveform data.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a property estimation method and a soil treatment method for soil contained in a flexible container.

  Conventionally, processing such as soil classification has been performed using a soil processing apparatus (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this type of apparatus, if the soil to be treated contains viscous soil or the like, a problem may occur in the apparatus, for example, the clogging of the sieve part may occur. As a countermeasure against this problem, Patent Document 1 proposes to install a resilient plate with a slack on the sieve wall of the sorting device to suppress the adhesion of soil to the sieve wall.

JP-A-62-254884

  As another countermeasure that does not require the improvement of the soil treatment apparatus itself, soil that is inappropriate for the treatment by the soil treatment apparatus (for example, viscous soil) is removed in advance before being introduced into the soil treatment apparatus. It is also possible. However, when the soil is prepared in a state of being stored in the flexible container, if the flexible container is broken and checked, workability is reduced. In other words, if it is possible to know that the contents are improper soil without breaking the flexible container, it is possible to select what is introduced into the soil treatment apparatus in the state of the flexible container and what is not introduced. Can be secured. Then, an object of this invention is to provide the property estimation method which can estimate the property of the soil of the state accommodated in the flexible container easily, and its soil processing method.

  The soil property estimation method of the present invention includes a hammering process in which a hammer having an acceleration sensor hits the outer surface of the flexible container in which the soil is accommodated, and an acceleration when the hammer collides with the outer surface of the flexible container in the hammering process. A data acquisition step of acquiring acceleration waveform data from the sensor; and a property estimation step of estimating the property of the soil in the flexible container based on the acceleration waveform data.

  It is considered that the acceleration waveform of the hammer generated when the hammer hits the flexible container depends on the properties of the soil accommodated in the flexible container. Therefore, according to the property estimation method, the property of the soil can be estimated without breaking the flexible container.

  In the property estimation step, a predetermined property parameter indicating the property of the soil in the flexible container is acquired based on the acceleration waveform data, the acquired property parameter is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and the soil is stored in the predetermined soil. It is good also as determining whether it is the appropriate property suitable for the soil treatment by a processing apparatus, or the unsuitable inappropriate property. According to this configuration, it is possible to obtain information such as whether or not the soil in the flexible container is suitable for soil treatment by a predetermined soil treatment apparatus.

  Moreover, the soil property estimation method of the present invention includes a suitability determination step for determining whether or not the soil in the flexible container is suitable for soil treatment by a predetermined soil treatment device by breaking the flexible container and the property estimation step. A threshold adjustment step of adjusting the threshold based on the obtained property parameter and the determination result obtained in the suitability determination step may be further provided. According to this configuration, since the threshold value is adjusted, the determination accuracy is improved.

  The property parameter may be an apparent elastic coefficient of the flexible container derived from the acceleration waveform data based on Hertz's elastic contact theory.

  The soil treatment method of the present invention is a soil treatment method for treating soil accommodated in a plurality of flexible containers, and a determination to give a determination result of appropriate property or inappropriate property for each flexible container by the property estimation method described above. An application process, an apparatus processing step for breaking the flexible container determined to be appropriate and introducing the soil into the soil processing apparatus, and processing the soil of the flexible container determined to be inappropriate for the soil processing apparatus A pretreatment step of pretreatment before introduction.

  In this soil treatment method, since it is possible to know whether or not the flexible container is in an appropriate state without breaking the bag in the judgment giving step, it is introduced into the soil treatment apparatus as it is in the state accommodated in the flexible container. Therefore, it is possible to sort out what should be pre-processed before introduction, and to ensure workability.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the property estimation method which can estimate the property of the soil accommodated in the flexible container easily, and its soil processing method can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the soil treatment method which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the result of the experiment by the present inventors.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a property estimation method and a soil treatment method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  The soil treatment method of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is intended for the treatment of soil S generated by, for example, radioactive decontamination work. The soil S is present in a state filled in the flexible container 10. For example, a sorting device (soil treatment device) 30 such as a roll screen device or a trommel sorts and removes unnecessary materials such as vegetation contained in the soil S (device treatment process). The soil S from which unnecessary substances have been selected and removed is stored in the soil storage facility 45 for a long period of time.

  In the soil treatment method of the present embodiment, each soil accommodated in the plurality of flexible containers 10 is a property suitable for the sorting process by the sorting device 30 (hereinafter referred to as “appropriate property”) or a property not suitable (hereinafter referred to as “property property”). , “Inappropriate property”), a determination imparting step is performed for assigning a determination result for each flexible container 10. Note that “the soil S is suitable for the sorting process by the sorting device 30” means that when the soil S is processed by the sorting device 30, a problem occurs in the sorting device 30 due to the properties of the soil S. Means less likely. Examples of the malfunction of the sorting device 30 include clogging that occurs in the screen portion of the sorting device 30 and poor conveyance that occurs in the conveyor portion. For example, when the soil S is sandy soil, clogging of the screen portion of the sorting device 30 and poor conveyance are relatively difficult to occur, and the soil S is suitable for sorting processing by the sorting device 30. It can be said. Moreover, when the soil S is a viscous soil, it can be said that the screen part of the sorting device 30 is easily clogged or poorly conveyed, and the soil S is not suitable for the sorting process.

  The flexible container 10 determined to be appropriate properties by the determination providing step and the flexible container 10 determined to be inappropriate properties are sorted. Then, the flexible container 10 determined to have proper properties is broken, and the soil S therein is introduced into the sorting device 30 and a sorting process is performed (device processing step). On the other hand, the flexible container 10 determined to be inappropriate in the determination application step is broken, and the soil S therein is sent to the pretreatment step 40 and subjected to pretreatment such as drying treatment or addition of an improving agent ( Pretreatment step). After being modified to sandy soil by the pretreatment, the soil S is introduced into the sorting device 30. When there are a large number of flexible containers 10 in which the soil S is accommodated, each of the flexible containers 10 is continuously determined as “appropriate property” or “inappropriate property”, and the sorting device 30 sorts the soil S. Can be executed continuously.

  The property estimation method for estimating the property of the soil S in the flexible container 10 in the determination giving step will be described in more detail. The property estimation method according to the present embodiment is executed using the determination device 20 shown in FIG. 1 and includes a striking step, a data acquisition step, and a property estimation step described below. The determination device 20 includes a hammer 1 and a computer 13.

(Blowing process)
As shown in FIG. 1, in the striking step, the hammer 1 of the determination device 20 strikes the outer surface of the flexible container 10 in which the soil S is accommodated. The hammer 1 includes a spherical hitting part 3, an acceleration sensor 5 provided in the hitting part 3, and a handle 7 attached to the hitting part. In use, the user grips the handle 7 and strikes the striking portion 3 against the outer surface of the flexible container 10. The acceleration sensor 5 detects the acceleration of the striking part 3 generated by the impact of the collision between the striking part 3 and the flexible container 10. The acceleration sensor 5 generates an acceleration data signal corresponding to the acceleration.

  Here, before the hammer 1 is hit, a process of removing the supernatant liquid generated by leaving the flexible container 10 for a predetermined time may be added. Moreover, you may add the process which removes the generated supernatant liquid by vibrating the flexible container 10 with a vibrator etc. for a predetermined time. Thus, by removing excess water contained in the soil, it is possible to suppress variation in results. Further, if the flexible container 10 is vibrated, the internal soil S is homogenized, so that variations in results are suppressed. Further, the flexible container 10 may be struck in a suspended state. Further, the flexible container 10 may be struck in a state of being restrained by a predetermined jig or the like. Further, the variation in the results may be suppressed by performing a plurality of data processing by hitting the inside of a predetermined region of the outer surface of the flexible container 10 a plurality of times with the hammer 1. Moreover, in order to suppress the variation in a result, you may make it hit the lower part of the flexible container 10 in which the soil S exists densely. Alternatively, the hammer 1 may be attached to the tip of the rod so that the user can hit the flexible container 10 from a remote position. Moreover, you may perform a hit | damage by remote control using a robot etc.

(Data acquisition process)
The acceleration data signal generated by the acceleration sensor 5 is input to the computer 13 after being subjected to processing such as amplification, noise removal, and A / D conversion. The computer 13 acquires acceleration waveform data as a change with time of the acceleration based on the input acceleration data.

(Property estimation process)
The computer 13 operates according to a predetermined computer program, and executes the following processing based on the input acceleration waveform data. First, the computer 13 executes an operation based on Hertz's elastic contact theory. In this calculation, the apparent elastic coefficient of the hit object (the flexible container 10 filled with the soil S) is calculated on the basis of the acceleration waveform data input to the computer 13.

  The principle of deriving the elastic coefficient of the object based on Hertz's elastic contact theory from the acceleration waveform data of the hammer when hitting the object is, for example, as described in JP-A-2004-150946 It is. Although the method described in the above publication is intended for a material having a relatively high elastic coefficient such as a concrete material, in the present embodiment, it is intended for a relatively soft material such as the flexible container 10 filled with soil S. Therefore, in this embodiment, the elastic modulus is apparently calculated according to the principle described in the above publication, but the elastic modulus calculated here is the actual elastic modulus of the flexible container 10 filled with the soil S. It does not indicate exactly and does not indicate the elastic modulus of the soil S.

  However, the present inventors paid attention to the fact that the apparent elastic modulus derived by the above method depends on the properties of the soil S accommodated in the flexible container 10. That is, when the soil S is sandy soil, the elastic modulus tends to increase, and when the soil S is viscous soil, the elastic modulus tends to decrease. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the elastic coefficient obtained based on Hertz's elastic contact theory as described above for the flexible container 10 filled with the soil S is referred to as an “apparent elastic coefficient”. This is used as a property parameter indicating the property of the soil S in the container 10.

  Subsequently, the computer 13 compares the calculated apparent elasticity coefficient with a predetermined threshold value. And when the apparent elastic modulus is larger than a threshold value, since the soil S in the flexible container 10 is considered to be sandy soil, the determination result of “proper property” is given to the flexible container 10. Further, when the apparent elastic coefficient is smaller than the threshold value, the soil S in the flexible container 10 is considered to be a viscous soil, and therefore, the determination result of “inappropriate property” is given to the flexible container 10. In addition, when the apparent elastic coefficient and the threshold value are exactly the same, any determination result of appropriate property or inappropriate property may be given. The assigned determination result is displayed, for example, on the display screen of the computer 13 immediately after the hit. The threshold value is input and set in advance in the computer 13 by the user, and in the property estimation step, the accuracy can be improved by a threshold value adjustment step (details will be described later) for the broken soil S.

  The user can sort the flexible container 10 determined as appropriate property (sandy soil) and the flexible container 10 determined as inappropriate property (cohesive soil) with reference to the display screen of the computer 13. As described above, the soil S in the flexible container 10 determined to be appropriate (sandy soil) is introduced into the sorting device 30 as it is, and the soil S in the flexible container 10 determined to be inappropriate (cohesive soil). Is introduced into the sorting apparatus 30 after the pretreatment step 40 is obtained and properly modified.

  Here, in order to efficiently avoid the trouble caused by the viscous soil being introduced into the sorting device 30, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the threshold value to an appropriate value. Therefore, in the property estimation method of the present embodiment, for example, when the flexible container 10 is broken after the property estimation step, it is determined whether the internal soil S is sandy soil or viscous soil by visual determination or the like. Judgment (aptitude judgment step). Then, the threshold value is adjusted based on the apparent elastic coefficient obtained in the property estimation step and the determination result by visual determination or the like (threshold adjustment step).

  Specifically, the above-described property estimation step and appropriateness determination step in sorting the flexible container 10 are repeated a predetermined number of times, whereby a threshold value that should be a boundary between sandy soil and viscous soil can be derived. When the derived threshold value is different from the threshold value currently set in the computer 13, the set threshold value can be updated. The updated threshold value is input to the computer 13 by the user, for example. In this way, since the past determination result is fed back and the threshold value is adjusted, the determination accuracy is improved. In addition, in the said appropriate determination process, it is not restricted to visual determination, For example, it determines whether soil S is sandy soil or viscous soil by techniques, such as a penetration test of a soil S, a moisture content test, a density test. Also good.

  Then, the effect by the property estimation method and soil processing method which were mentioned above is demonstrated. It is considered that the acceleration of the hammer 1 generated when the flexible container 10 is struck by the hammer 1 depends on the properties of the soil S accommodated in the flexible container 10. Therefore, according to the property estimation method, the property of the soil S can be estimated without breaking the flexible container 10, and it is sandy soil suitable for sorting processing by the sorting device 30 or unsuitable viscous soil. Information such as can be obtained. In addition, since the calculation for calculating the apparent elastic coefficient as described above can be executed at high speed by the computer 13, sorting can be easily and quickly performed at the site of the sorting process.

  Moreover, in this soil processing method, in the state accommodated in the flexible container 10, the soil S introduce | transduced into the sorting apparatus 30 and the soil S which should be pre-processed can be sorted, and workability | operativity can be ensured. . That is, the soil filled in the flexible container 10 has a relatively good handling property, and can be sorted with such a good handling property, so that the workability is good. In particular, when the soil S to be sorted is radioactive, it is desired to reduce the opportunity to open the flexible container 10 as much as possible, so the property of the soil S is estimated without breaking the flexible container 10. It is more useful to be able to do it. By the above sorting, it is possible to avoid a reduction in the operating rate of the sorting device 30 due to the occurrence of a problem caused by the properties of the soil S, and it is not necessary to pre-treat all the soil S.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be modified without changing the gist described in each claim.
You may use combining the structure of each embodiment suitably.

  For example, in the embodiment, the apparent elastic coefficient of the flexible container 10 is used as the property parameter indicating the property of the soil S, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the contact time between the hammer 1 and the flexible container 10 at the time of impact may be acquired from the acceleration waveform data, and the contact time may be employed as a property parameter. Moreover, the absorbed energy absorbed by the flexible container 10 at the time of impact may be acquired from the acceleration waveform data, and the absorbed energy may be employed as a property parameter. Moreover, it is not indispensable to digitize the property of the soil S as a property parameter or the like. For example, the acceleration waveform data is displayed on the display screen of the computer 13, and the acceleration waveform is visually determined by the user. The property may be determined. In the embodiment, the case where the soil treatment device is a sorting device such as a low screen device or a trommel is shown as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the soil treatment device is classified based on the radioactive concentration. The present invention can also be applied to a device such as a device, a classification device, a transport device such as a belt conveyor, and a stirring device.

  Further, when the flexible container 10 is sorted into appropriate properties and inappropriate properties, the above-described property estimation method may be used as primary screening, and further, secondary screening may be executed by another method. In addition, since the moisture content of the soil S also affects the suitability of the sorting device, the moisture content of the soil S in the flexible container 10 is estimated, and in addition to the determination result by hammering, the moisture content is further determined as a criterion for sorting. It may be used as In this case, the volume and weight of the flexible container 10 may be measured, and the moisture content of the soil S in the flexible container 10 may be estimated based on the volume and weight. In this case, the volume of the flexible container 10 may be measured by optical surveying, photographic imaging, or the like.

  Subsequently, an experiment conducted by the present inventors will be described. 55 flexible containers containing the soil S were prepared, the lower part of the outer surface of each flexible container was hit using the hammer 1 of the determination device 20, and the apparent elastic modulus was calculated by the computer 13. On the other hand, whether the soil inside each flexible container is sandy soil or viscous soil was visually determined. FIG. 2 is a histogram showing experimental results, in which the horizontal axis is the apparent elastic coefficient of the flexible container and the vertical axis is the frequency (number of flexible containers). Further, in FIG. 2, as shown in the legend, white bar graphs indicate sandy soil determined by visual determination, and black bar graphs indicate sandy soil. FIG. 2 shows 52 pieces of data excluding data of three flexible containers that could not be analyzed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, on the histogram, a clear boundary appeared between the flexible container containing the cohesive soil and the flexible container containing the sandy soil. That is, the largest flexible container containing viscous soil shows an apparent elastic modulus of 1.81 MPa, and the smallest flexible container containing sandy soil shows an apparent elastic modulus of 2.36 MPa. It was. Therefore, if a threshold value (for example, threshold value = 2.0 MPa) is set within the range of the apparent elastic modulus 1.81 to 2.36 MPa, the sandy soil and the viscous soil can be sorted according to the apparent elastic modulus of the flexible container. It was confirmed that it was possible.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hammer, 5 ... Acceleration sensor, 10 ... Flexible container, 30 ... Sorting device (soil treatment device), S ... Soil.

Claims (5)

A striking step of striking the outer surface of the flexible container containing the soil with a hammer having an acceleration sensor;
A data acquisition step of acquiring acceleration waveform data from the acceleration sensor when the hammer collides with the outer surface of the flexible container in the hitting step;
A property estimation method comprising: a property estimation step of estimating the property of the soil in the flexible container based on the acceleration waveform data. In the property estimation step,
A predetermined property parameter indicating the property of the soil in the flexible container is acquired based on the acceleration waveform data, the acquired property parameter is compared with a predetermined threshold value, and the soil is a predetermined soil treatment device. The property estimation method according to claim 1, wherein it is determined whether the property is appropriate or unsuitable for soil treatment. An aptitude determination step of determining whether or not the soil in the flexible container is suitable for soil treatment by the predetermined soil treatment device by breaking the flexible container;
The property estimation method according to claim 2, further comprising a threshold adjustment step of adjusting the threshold based on the property parameter obtained in the property estimation step and the determination result obtained in the suitability determination step. The property parameter is:
The property estimation method according to claim 2, wherein the property estimation method is an apparent elastic coefficient of the flexible container that is derived from the acceleration waveform data based on Hertz's elastic contact theory. A soil treatment method for treating soil contained in a plurality of flexible containers,
A determination imparting step of imparting a determination result of the appropriate property or the inappropriate property to each flexible container by the property estimation method according to claim 2 or 3,
An apparatus processing step of breaking the flexible container determined to have the appropriate properties and introducing the soil into the soil processing apparatus for processing;
A soil treatment method comprising: a pretreatment step of pretreating the soil of the flexible container determined to be the inappropriate property before introducing the soil into the soil treatment apparatus.

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