JP2016151093A - Construction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction machine of a simple configuration that restricts displacement of a cab when external force is exerted on the cab.SOLUTION: A hydraulic shovel 2 includes a cab 24 having a floor plate 68, and a left support member 36 having a front cab support 36a and a rear cab support 36b. A front side of the floor plate 68 is supported on the front cab support 36a through a pair of front vibration-proof mounts 54 installed in a width direction leaving an interval, while a rear side of the floor plate 68 is supported on the rear cab support 36b through a pair of rear vibration-proof mounts 64 installed in the width direction leaving an interval. A gap G is formed between an undersurface of the floor plate 68 and a top surface of the front cab support 36a, and between the undersurface of the floor plate and a top surface of the rear cab support 36b. A reduction piece 66 is disposed on a further inner side in a width direction than the rear vibration-proof mount 64 located on the inner side in the width direction, between the floor plate 68 and the rear cab support 36b, for reducing the gap G therebetween.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine including a cab including a floor board and a support member including a front cab support and a rear cab support.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator, which is a typical example of a construction machine, is connected to a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body, and an upside-down movable structure on the front side of the upper revolving body. The work arm device is generally configured. The upper swivel body includes a swivel frame that forms a framework structure. The swivel frame includes a bottom plate, a pair of left and right vertical plates standing on the bottom plate and extending in the front-rear direction, and outward in the width direction from the outer surface of each vertical plate. A plurality of support members extending. The plurality of support members include a front cab support and a rear cab support, and a cab on which an operator is boarded is mounted on the front cab support via a pair of front anti-vibration mounts whose front sides are spaced apart in the width direction. And the rear side is elastically supported on the rear cab support via a pair of rear side anti-vibration mounts spaced apart in the width direction. A gap exists between the lower surface of the cab, the upper surface of the front cab support, and the upper surface of the rear cab support, and vibration applied to the cab is reduced by each vibration isolation mount. In addition, the work arm device is connected to the front side of the vertical plate of the revolving frame so as to be able to move up and down, the arm connected to the front end side of the boom to be swingable, and connected to the front end side of the arm so as to be rotatable. The work tool, a boom cylinder that moves the boom up and down, an arm cylinder that swings the arm, and a work tool cylinder that rotates the work tool are roughly configured.

  Construction machines such as hydraulic excavators boarded in the cab by suppressing the displacement of the cab, that is, securing a certain amount of space in the cab, even when a large external force is applied to the cab when it falls on an inclined or rough terrain. It is important to avoid the danger of the operator being crushed. In the following Patent Document 1, the boom is provided with a contact portion that comes into contact with the side surface of the cab when the boom is in a posture that forms the maximum working radius and the cab receives an external force from the side toward the boom, The abutting portion is disclosed as an upper body extending from the boom to a side position closer to the cab than one vertical plate. According to this upper body, when the boom is in a posture that forms the maximum working radius and the cab receives an external force from the side toward the boom, the contact portion of the boom and the side surface of the cab come into contact with each other and the external force Therefore, the displacement of the cab is suppressed as compared with the case where the cab contacts the vertical plate of the revolving frame and receives the external force.

Japanese Patent No. 5352980

  However, in the upper body described above, since the abutting portion is disposed so as to abut on the side surface of the cab when the boom is in the posture for forming the maximum working radius, the boom is moved up and down to perform the maximum work. If the cab receives an external force from the side toward the boom when it is not in a posture that forms a radius, the abutting portion of the boom and the side surface of the cab do not come into contact with each other, and this suppresses the displacement of the cab. Can not. On the other hand, if the abutting portion can be brought into contact with the side surface of the cab even in a posture other than the posture in which the boom has the maximum working radius, the abutting portion is increased in size and weight.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned facts, and the main technical problem thereof is a construction machine in which displacement of the cab is suppressed when an external force is applied to the cab with a simple configuration regardless of the posture of the boom. Is to provide.

  According to the present invention, a construction machine that solves the above technical problem includes a cab including a floor plate and a support member including a front cab support and a rear cab support, and the front side of the floor plate is spaced apart in the width direction. The rear side of the floor plate is supported via a pair of rear side anti-vibration mounts spaced apart in the width direction. In a construction machine supported on the rear cab support and having a gap between the lower surface of the floor plate, the upper surface of the front cab support, and the upper surface of the rear cab support, the pair of rear vibration isolation mounts A reduction piece for reducing a gap between the floor plate and the rear cab support is disposed further on the inner side in the width direction than the rear vibration isolating mount located on the inner side in the width direction. , Characterized by Construction machine is provided.

  Preferably, the reduction piece is fixed to the upper surface of the rear cab support. The reduction piece is conveniently secured to the lower surface of the floorboard. It is preferable that the cab includes a rear inner column that is erected on the rear end and the inner end in the width direction, and the reduction piece is positioned below the rear inner column.

  In the construction machine provided by the present invention, a reduction piece that reduces the gap between the floor plate and the rear cab support between the floor plate and the rear cab support further inside the rear vibration isolating mount located on the inner side in the width direction. Therefore, compared with the case where the reduction piece is not provided, both come in contact with each other and receive the external force, so that the displacement of the cab is suppressed.

1 is a left side view of a hydraulic excavator configured according to the present invention. The perspective view which looked at the turning frame shown in FIG. 1 from the upper left front. The perspective view which looked at a part of turning frame shown in FIG. 2 from the upper left back. The perspective view which looked at the frame structure of the cab shown in FIG. 1 from the upper left front. Sectional drawing seen from the AA direction in FIG. 3 (a part of cab is included).

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking a hydraulic excavator as a typical construction machine as an example.

  A description will be given with reference to FIG. A hydraulic excavator generally indicated by reference numeral 2 is a self-propelled lower traveling body 4, an upper revolving body 6 that is pivotably mounted on the lower traveling body 4, and an upside-down movable connection to the front side of the upper revolving body 6. The working arm device 8 is generally constituted. The excavator 2 can perform excavation work such as earth and sand when the work arm device 8 is moved up and down and the upper swing body 6 is swung relative to the lower traveling body 4 during excavation work such as earth and sand. It is like that.

  The work arm device 8 includes a boom 10 that is movably connected to the front side of the upper swing body 6, an arm 12 that is swingably connected to the distal end side of the boom 10, and a pivotable movement toward the distal end side of the arm 12. , A pair of left and right boom cylinders 16 (only the left side is shown), an arm cylinder 18 that swings the arm 12, and a work that rotates the work tool 14. The tool cylinder 20 is generally configured.

  The upper revolving structure 6 includes a revolving frame 22 that forms a framework structure. On the revolving frame 22, various devices such as a cab 24 on which an operator rides and a heat exchanger for cooling the engine and engine coolant. , A counterweight 28 that balances weight with respect to the work arm device 8, a fuel tank (not shown) that stores fuel, and a hydraulic oil tank (not shown) that stores hydraulic oil. Is not provided). With respect to these arrangement locations, the cab 24 is arranged on the left front side of the revolving frame 22, the device accommodating chamber 26 is arranged behind the cab 24, and the counterweight 28 is arranged on the rear end of the revolving frame 22. The fuel tank and the hydraulic oil tank are disposed on the right side of the revolving frame 22. Note that the front-rear direction and the width direction used in the description of the present specification are the front-rear direction and the width direction as viewed from the operator who has boarded the cab 24 in FIG.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. The revolving frame 22 extends rightward from the outer surface of the bottom plate 30, a pair of left and right vertical plates 32 erected on the bottom plate 30 and extending in the front-rear direction at intervals in the width direction, and the vertical plate 32 positioned on the right side. A plurality of right support members 34 extending out, a plurality of left support members 36 extending leftward from the outer surface of the vertical plate 32 located on the left side, and connected to each of the extending ends of the plurality of right support members 34; A right skirt plate 38 extending in the front-rear direction and a left skirt plate 40 connected to each of the extending ends of the plurality of left support members 36 and extending in the front-rear direction are provided.

  The bottom plate 30 and the vertical plate 32 are structural members to which a large load acts from the work arm device 8 or the like, and are formed from thick steel plates. The bottom plate 30 is formed in a flat plate shape and extends in the front-rear direction. The vertical plate 32 is formed in a triangular shape, and the lower end is joined to the upper surface of the bottom plate 30 by welding. A circular boom connecting pin hole 32a is formed at the top of each vertical plate 32 to which the base end of the boom 10 is connected via a connecting pin. A circular boom cylinder connecting pin hole 32b is formed at the front end of each vertical plate 32 to which the base end of the boom cylinder 16 is connected via a connecting pin.

  On the front side between the vertical plates 32, an inclined plate 42 formed in a square shape from a steel plate is disposed. The inclined plate 42 is disposed so as to be inclined substantially along the upper end of the vertical plate 32, and both ends in the width direction are joined to the inner surface of the vertical plate 32 and the lower end is joined to the upper surface of the bottom plate 30 by welding. A rectangular opening 42a through which a hydraulic pipe (not shown) connected to the boom cylinder 16 and the like is inserted is formed below the inclined plate 42. In addition, two engine mounts 44 to which the engine is mounted are arranged at intervals in the front-rear direction on the rear side of each vertical plate 32, and further on the rear side, a counterweight bracket 46 to which the counterweight 28 is mounted. Is arranged.

  The plurality of right support members 34 and left support members 36 are members that support the cab 24, the heat exchanger, the fuel tank, the hydraulic oil tank, and the like. The plurality of right support members 34 and the plurality of left support members 36 are a flat steel plate, a steel plate whose cross-sectional shape in the width direction is bent in an L shape, a steel plate whose cross-sectional shape in the width direction is bent in a U shape, Or it forms from these combination. The right skirt plate 38 and the left skirt plate 40 are decorative members that form the outer edge in the width direction of the revolving frame 22, and are formed from thin steel plates in which each of both ends in the vertical direction is bent inward in the width direction. .

  In the illustrated embodiment, the cab 24 is disposed on the left front side of the revolving frame 22, and the left support members 36 include a front cab support 36 a that supports the front side of the cab 24 and a rear side of the cab 24. And a rear cab support 36b that supports the rear side.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. 3 together with FIG. The front cab support 36a includes a front plate 48 formed of a steel plate whose cross-sectional shape in the width direction is bent in an L shape, and includes a front surface portion 48a and a bottom surface portion 48b extending rearward from the lower end of the front surface portion 48a. It has the upper board 50 connected to the upper end of the front-surface part 48a by welding. The front end 48 of the front plate 48 in the width direction is an extended end of the connecting member 52 extending forward from the base end connected to the front end of the upper surface of the bottom plate 30, and the width direction outer end of the front plate 48 is the left skirt plate 40. Are joined to the front end of the inner surface by welding. The upper plate 50 has a widened portion 50a extending substantially horizontally and having a width in the front-rear direction widened at each of both ends in the width direction. Each widened portion 50a is formed with a circular front side anti-vibration mount mounting hole 50b (only the outer side in the width direction is shown), and each front side anti-vibration mount mounting hole 50b elastically supports the front side of the cab 24. A front anti-vibration mount 54 (only the inner side in the width direction is shown) is provided. The rear side of each widened portion 50a is bent downward and joined to the upper surface of the bottom surface portion 48b of the front plate 48 by welding. Further, the inner end of the upper plate 50 in the width direction is joined to the extending end of the connecting member 52, and the outer end of the upper plate 50 in the width direction is joined to the front end of the inner surface of the left skirt plate 40 by welding.

  As clearly understood by referring to the description and drawings as described above, the inner side in the width direction of the front cab support 36a is the work arm device 8 side, and the outer side in the width direction of the front cab support 36a. Is the outer edge side of the upper swing body 6. In the illustrated embodiment, since the cab 24 is disposed on the left side of the upper swing body 6, the inner side in the width direction of the front cab support 36a is the right side of the front cab support 36a, and the outer side in the width direction of the front cab support 36a is This is the left side of the front cab support 36a. On the other hand, when the cab is disposed on the right side of the upper revolving structure contrary to the illustrated embodiment, the inner side in the width direction of the front cab support is the left side of the front cab support, and the outer side in the width direction of the front cab support is the front cab. On the right side of support. The same applies to the inner side in the width direction and the outer side in the width direction in the rear cab support 36b and the frame structure 70 of the cab 24 described later.

  The rear cab support 36b is connected to the front plate 56 and the back plate 58 that are disposed at intervals in the front-rear direction and extend in the width direction, and is connected to the upper end of the front plate 56 and the upper end of the back plate 58 and extends in the width direction. The top plate 60 and the bottom plate 62 connected to the lower end of the front plate 56 and the lower end of the back plate 58 and extending in the left-right direction are provided.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the front plate 56 and the top plate 60 are formed from a single steel plate whose cross-sectional shape in the width direction is bent in an L shape, and the upper end of the front plate 56 and the front end of the top plate 60 are formed. It is continuous. The top surface plate 60 has a widened portion 60a that extends substantially horizontally and has a width in the front-rear direction widened at each of both end portions in the width direction. Each widened portion 60a is formed with a circular rear vibration isolating mount mounting hole 60b (only the outer side in the width direction is illustrated), and the rear side of the cab 24 is elastically attached to each rear vibration isolating mount mounting hole 60b. The rear side anti-vibration mount 64 (only the inner side in the width direction is shown) is provided. Further, a reduction piece 66 formed in a square shape from a steel plate is joined by welding to the widened portion 60a located on the inner side in the width direction, further on the inner side in the width direction than the rear vibration isolation mount 64. The shape of the reduction piece 66 is not limited to a quadrangular shape, and may be a circular shape, an elliptical shape, another polygonal shape, or the like. The reduction piece 66 is preferably located below the rear inner column 76 of the cab 24 described later (see FIG. 5). The rear side of each widened portion 60a is bent downward and joined to the upper surfaces of the bottom plate 30 and the bottom plate 62 by welding. The lower end of the front plate 56 is on the upper surface of the bottom plate 30 and the bottom plate 62, the inner ends in the width direction of the front plate 56 and the top plate 60 are on the outer surface of the vertical plate 32 located on the left side, and the width of the front plate 56 and the top plate 60. The outer ends in the direction are joined to the inner surface of the left skirt plate 40 by welding. Note that the lower end of the front plate 56 and the upper surface of the bottom plate 30 are not necessarily joined by welding.

  The back plate 58 is formed of a steel plate whose upper and lower cross-sections are bent in an L shape, and a back portion 58a extending in the width direction and an extending portion 58b extending rearward from the widthwise inner end of the back portion 58a. And have. The back plate 58 has a width direction of the widened portion 60a in which the back portion 58a is located along the rear end of the portion located between the widened portions 60a of the top plate 60 and the extended portion 58b is located on the inner side in the width direction of the top plate 60. Along the outer edge is disposed. The upper end of the back surface portion 58a, the upper end and the extended end of the extension portion 58b are on the top plate 60, the lower ends of the back surface portion 58a and the extension portion 58b are on the upper surfaces of the bottom plate 30 and the bottom plate 62, and the width direction of the back surface portion 58a. The outer end portions are joined to the inner surface of the left skirt plate 40 by welding, respectively. The bottom plate 62 is formed in a square shape from a steel plate, and the inner end in the width direction is joined to the outer end in the width direction of the bottom plate 30 and the outer end in the width direction is joined to the inner surface of the left skirt plate 40 by welding. Yes.

  This will be described with reference to FIG. In the cab 24, a frame structure 70 including a plurality of support columns formed of steel pipes, an upper frame, and a lower frame is connected to a floor plate 68 formed in a square shape from a steel plate. The struts of the frame structure 70 are a front inner strut 72 erected on the inner side in the width direction of the front portion of the floor board 68, a front outer strut 74 erected on the outer side in the width direction of the floor board 68, and a width direction of the rear portion of the floor board 68. From the rear inner column 76 erected on the inner side, the rear outer column 78 erected on the outer side in the width direction of the rear part of the floor board 68, and the middle and outer column 80 erected between the front outer column 74 and the rear outer column 78 It is configured. The front inner column 72 and the front outer column 74 are located on the front side of the front edge of the floor board 68. On the other hand, the rear inner column 76, the rear outer column 78, and the middle / outer column 80 are located inside the outer edge of the floor board 68, that is, above the floor board 68.

  The upper frame of the frame structure 70 is a front upper frame 82 that connects the upper part of the front inner column 72 and the upper part of the front outer column 74, and the rear upper frame that connects the upper part of the rear inner column 76 and the upper part of the rear outer column 78. A frame 84, an inner upper frame 86 that connects the upper portion of the front inner column 72 and the upper portion of the rear inner column 76, and an outer portion that connects the upper portion of the front and outer column 74, the upper portion of the rear outer column 78, and the upper portion of the middle and outer column 80. An upper frame 88 is used. Further, the lower frame of the frame structure 70 connects the front lower frame 90 that connects the lower part of the front inner column 72 and the lower part of the front outer column 74, the lower part of the rear inner column 76, and the lower part of the rear outer column 78. The lower rear frame 92, the inner lower frame 94 that connects the lower portion of the front inner column 72 and the lower portion of the rear inner column 76, and the lower portion of the front outer column 74, the lower portion of the rear outer column 78, and the lower portion of the middle and outer column 80 are connected. The outer lower frame 96 is made up of. Each strut, each upper frame, and each lower frame are joined together by welding. The frame structure 70 may be provided with other struts, frame members, plate members, and the like in arbitrary directions and locations in addition to the above-described struts, upper frames, and lower frames.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the front surface, the back surface, both side surfaces, and the top surface of the cab 24 are covered with windows, doors, panels, and the like. The front side of the floor plate 68 of the cab 24 is elastically supported on the front cab support 36a via the respective front side vibration isolation mounts 54, and the rear side of the floor plate 68 of the cab 24 is provided with each rear side vibration isolation mount 64. And elastically supported on the rear cab support 36b. As shown in FIG. 5, there is a gap G between the lower surface of the floor board 68 and the upper surface of the front cab support 36a and the upper surface of the rear cab support 36b, and vibration applied to the cab 24 is caused by the vibration isolation mounts 54 and 64. Has been reduced.

  The operation of the excavator 2 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 as described above will be described. When the excavator 2 falls and the left side surface of the cab 24 comes into contact with the ground, an external force is applied to the cab 24 from the outer side in the width direction toward the inner side in the width direction. In this case, a part of the cab 24 receives an external force by coming into contact with the revolving frame 22 or the work arm device 8 or the like, but the lower surface of the floor board 68 and the upper surface of the rear cab support 36b are both Since there is a gap G between them, an external force cannot be received at both portions until they abut. However, in the hydraulic excavator 2 according to the present invention, the reduction piece 66 is fixed to the upper surface of the top plate 60 of the rear cab support 36b on the inner side in the width direction further than the rear vibration isolating mount 64 positioned on the inner side in the width direction. Since the gap G between the lower surface of the floor plate 68 and the upper surface of the top plate 60 is reduced by the thickness of the reduced piece 66, both can be quickly compared with the case where the reduced piece 66 is not provided. The cab 24 can be displaced by such a simple configuration. Further, in the hydraulic excavator 2 according to the present invention, since the reduction piece 66 is positioned below the rear inner strut 76, the outer inner strut 76 constituting the frame structure 70 is effective when an external force is applied to the cab 24. Since the external force is received, the displacement of the cab 24 is effectively suppressed.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the reduction piece is fixed to the upper surface of the rear cab support has been described. However, the reduction piece may be fixed to the lower surface of the floor plate of the cab. Further, the structure of the support member such as the front cab support and the rear cab support is not limited to the structure described in the embodiment. For example, the left and right directions from the front plate, the back plate, the top plate, and the bottom plate are used. A structure such as a box-shaped structure having a rectangular cross section may be used.

2: Excavator (construction machine)
22: Swivel frame 24: Cab 34: Right support member 36: Left support member 36a: Front cab support 36b: Rear cab support 54: Front vibration isolation mount 64: Rear vibration isolation mount 66: Reduction piece 68: Floor plate 70: Frame structure 72: Front inner strut 74: Front outer strut 76: Rear inner strut 78: Rear outer strut 80: Middle outer strut G: Gap

Claims (4)

The front cab includes a cab including a floor plate, and a support member including a front cab support and a rear cab support, and the front side of the floor plate is interposed between a pair of front vibration isolation mounts spaced in the width direction. Supported on the support, and the rear side of the floor plate is supported on the rear cab support via a pair of rear side anti-vibration mounts spaced apart in the width direction. In a construction machine in which a gap exists between the upper surface of the cab support and the upper surface of the rear cab support,
The gap between the floor plate and the rear cab support is reduced further inward in the width direction than the rear side anti-vibration mount located on the inner side in the width direction of the pair of rear anti-vibration mounts. A construction machine comprising a reduction piece.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the reduction piece is fixed to an upper surface of the rear cab support.   The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the reduction piece is fixed to a lower surface of the floor board.   The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cab includes a rear inner column that is erected on a rear end and an inner end in the width direction, and the reduction piece is positioned below the rear inner column.