JP2016149895A - Control device for rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the acceleration/deceleration of connection equipment from being disturbed when executing a variable magnetic field in a variable magnetic field type rotary electric machine.SOLUTION: The variable magnetic field type rotary electric machine comprises a main rotor 40 and a sub rotor 42. The main rotor 40 is fixed to a rotor shaft and the rotor shaft is connected to an inertia load such as an engine. The sub rotor 42 is rotated relatively to the main rotor 40 and its phase angle is changed. When rotating the inertia load from a stopped state, the sub rotor 42 is relatively rotated in such a manner that a rotation direction of the main rotor 40 is matched with a rotation direction of the connection equipment.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a control apparatus for a variable field type rotating electrical machine.

  Patent Document 1 describes a rotating machine for the purpose of appropriately changing a magnetic flux while suppressing restrictions on the configuration of a rotor and a magnetic circuit. A first rotor and a second rotor facing each other in the direction of the rotation axis; a torque transmission unit capable of switching between a torque transmission state for transmitting the rotational torque of the second rotor to the first rotor and a torque non-transmission state; and a second rotor Is provided with a magnetic coupling portion that can be magnetically coupled to the case. The first rotor is fixed to the rotating shaft, the second rotor is not fixed to the rotating shaft, and when the current flowing through the coil is less than a predetermined value, the first rotor is magnetically coupled to the case, and the current is set to a predetermined value. In the above case, the structure is described in which it rotates, and the torque transmitting portion is in a torque transmitting state when the second rotor rotates.

JP 2014-27705 A

  However, in the prior art, since the rotor can be rotated relatively in either direction, for example, when the main shaft is connected to the engine, changing the phase angle between the first rotor and the second rotor in a stopped state is acceptable. There is a risk of reverse engine rotation that cannot be achieved. Such reverse rotation can be a problem particularly when the engine is started or when the engine is stopped.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a device that prevents reverse rotation of an inertial load of an engine or the like accompanying the change of a phase angle or generation of reverse torque with respect to forward rotation in a variable field type rotating electric machine.

  The present invention includes a stator, and a first rotor element and a second rotor element that are arranged to face the stator and are arranged to face each other in the rotation axis direction, and the second rotor element is relative to the first rotor element. A control device for controlling a rotating electrical machine including a rotor that is relatively rotatable, wherein the first rotor element is connected to an inertial load, and the second rotor element is rotated relative to the first rotor element. When the phase angle between the first rotor element and the second rotor element is changed, the rotational direction of the first rotor element is the rotational direction of the inertial load when the inertial load is shifted from the stopped state to the rotational state. Control means for relatively rotating the second rotor element so as to coincide with each other is provided.

  In the present invention, since the first rotor element and the second rotor element are both arranged opposite to the stator and share the stator, when the second rotor element is rotated relative to the first rotor element, The first rotor element as well as the two rotor elements are simultaneously subjected to the rotational torque. Therefore, when the inertial load is shifted from the stopped state to the rotating state, the inertial load is reversely rotated by relatively rotating the second rotor element so that the rotating direction of the first rotor element matches the rotating direction of the connected device. Alternatively, the phase angle is changed to a desired angle without generating reverse torque with respect to forward rotation.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, when the control means shifts the inertial load from a stopped state to a rotating state, the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the opposite polar state, and the phase angle Is changed from 180 degrees to the state where the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the same pole opposing state and the phase angle is 0 degrees.

  In another embodiment of the present invention, when the inertial load is shifted from the rotation state to the stop state, the control means is configured to make the rotation direction of the first rotor element coincide with the rotation direction of the inertial load. Two rotor elements are rotated relative to each other.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, when the inertial load is shifted from the rotation state to the stop state, the control means is configured such that the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the same pole opposing state and the phase. The state is changed from the state where the angle is 0 degree to the state where the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the opposite polar state and the phase angle is 180 degrees.

  In still another embodiment of the present invention, the control means rotates the second rotor element relative to the first rotor element by controlling a current flowing through the stator.

  The inertia load can be an engine of a hybrid vehicle, for example.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, in a variable field type rotary electric machine, a phase angle can be changed, preventing generation | occurrence | production of the reverse direction torque with respect to forward rotation of inertia loads, such as an engine.

It is a basic lineblock diagram of a rotation electrical machinery. It is phase explanatory drawing of a main rotor and a subrotor. It is explanatory drawing of the rotation direction of a main rotor and a subrotor. It is a timing chart in the case of changing from a reverse pole facing state to a same pole facing state. It is a timing chart in the case of changing from a reverse pole facing state to a same pole facing state. It is a functional block diagram of an electronic control unit (ECU). It is a timing chart in the case of changing from the same pole facing state to the opposite pole facing state.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<Basic configuration of rotating electrical machine>
First, the basic configuration of a variable field type rotating electrical machine will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram of a rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view seen from a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis direction of the rotating electrical machine.

  The rotating electrical machine includes a stator 28 fixed to a casing and a rotor 28 that is opposed to the stator 24 in the radial direction with a predetermined gap and is rotatable relative to the stator 24. In the example of FIG. 1, the rotor 28 is disposed to face the stator 24 at a position on the inner peripheral side of the stator 24.

  The stator 24 includes a stator core 36 and three-phase stator coils 38u, 38v, and 38w of U phase, V phase, and W phase, which are a plurality of phases disposed on the stator core 36 along the circumferential direction thereof. When a three-phase alternating current flows through the three-phase stator coils 38u, 38v, and 38w, a rotating magnetic field that rotates in the circumferential direction of the stator is generated.

  The rotor 28 includes a main rotor (first rotor element) 40 and a sub-rotor (second rotor element) 42 which are disposed to face the stator 24 in the radial direction in a state adjacent to the rotation axis direction. The main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 are arranged to face each other with a gap in the rotation axis direction. In FIG. 1, the main rotor 40 is disposed on one side (left side in the drawing) in the rotation axis direction relative to the sub-rotor 42, the main rotor 40 is radially opposed to one side in the rotation axis direction of the stator core 36, and the sub-rotor 42 is It faces the other side (right side in the drawing) of the stator core 36 in the radial direction.

  The main rotor 40 includes a main rotor core 46 in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are stacked in the rotation axis direction, and a plurality of main permanent magnets 48n and 48s disposed on the main rotor core 46 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. . The main permanent magnet 48n has an N pole on the outer peripheral side, and the main permanent magnet 48s has an S pole on the outer peripheral side. Since the main permanent magnets 48n and 48s are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, the polarities of the main permanent magnets 48n and 48s are alternately different in the circumferential direction.

  The sub-rotor 42 includes a sub-rotor core 54 in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are stacked in the rotation axis direction, and a plurality of sub-permanent magnets 56n and 56s disposed on the sub-rotor core 54 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. . The auxiliary permanent magnet 56n has an N pole on the outer peripheral side, and the auxiliary permanent magnet 56s has an S pole on the outer peripheral side. Since the secondary permanent magnets 56n and 56s are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, the polarities of the secondary permanent magnets 56n and 56s are alternately different in the circumferential direction. The circumferential interval between the sub permanent magnets 56n and 56s is equal to the circumferential interval between the main permanent magnets 48n and 48s.

  Restraint plates 61 and 62 are fixed to the main rotor shaft 26 by welding or the like. The restraint plates 61 and 62 are arranged at intervals in the rotational axis direction, the restraint plate 62 is disposed on one side of the restraint plate 61 in the rotational axis direction, and the main rotor 40 is disposed on the restraint plates 61 and 62 in the rotational axis direction. Sandwiched between. The main rotor 40 is engaged with the main rotor shaft 26 by a keyway, a spline, or the like, and rotates integrally with the main rotor shaft 26 and the restraining plates 61 and 62.

  Restraint plates 63 and 64 are fixed to the sub-rotor shaft 52 by welding or the like. The restraint plates 63 and 64 are arranged at a distance from each other in the rotational axis direction, the restraint plate 63 is disposed on one side of the restraint plate 64 in the rotational axis direction, and the auxiliary rotor 42 is disposed on the restraint plates 63 and 64 in the rotational axis direction. Sandwiched between. The sub-rotor 42 is engaged with the sub-rotor shaft 52 by a keyway, a spline, or the like, and rotates integrally with the sub-rotor shaft 52 and the restraining plates 63 and 64. The auxiliary rotor shaft 52 is supported by the bearing 50 so as to be rotatable relative to the main rotor shaft 26, and the auxiliary rotor 42 is rotatable relative to the main rotor 40. A stopper that limits the phase angle may be provided in accordance with the possible range of the phase angle between the sub-rotor 42 and the main rotor 40.

  As the phase angle of the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 changes, the field magnetic flux of the rotor 28 acting on the stator 24 changes. When the main rotor 40 and the sub rotor 42 have the same polarity of the main permanent magnet 48n and the sub permanent magnet 56n (or the main permanent magnet 48s and the sub permanent magnet 56s) arranged in the same phase in the circumferential direction, Magnetic flux is maximized. On the other hand, when the sub-rotor 42 rotates relative to the main rotor 40, the main permanent magnet 48n and the sub-permanent magnet 56n (or the main permanent magnet 48s and the sub-permanent magnet 56s) are in the opposite polar state where the electrical angle is shifted by 180 degrees. The field magnetic flux is minimized or zero.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view in which only the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 are taken out. The main permanent magnets 48n and 48s of the main rotor 40 and the sub permanent magnets 56n and 56s of the sub rotor 42 are also shown. In FIG. 2A, the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 are in the same pole facing state, and γ = 0 degrees (deg), where γ is the phase angle. At this time, the field magnetic flux of the rotor 28 acting on the stator 24 is maximized. FIG. 2B shows a state in which the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 are opposite to each other and γ = 180 degrees (deg). At this time, the field magnetic flux of the rotor 28 acting on the stator 24 is minimized.

  As described above, the rotating electrical machine according to the present embodiment changes the phase relationship between the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42, that is, by rotating the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 relative to each other to change the phase angle γ. It functions as a variable field type rotating electrical machine that changes the field magnetic flux of the acting rotor 28.

  The variable field type rotating electrical machine is used as a motor generator (MG) of an electric vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle. When the MG is operated by the on-vehicle electronic control unit (ECU) 70, the phase angle between the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 is controlled to be 0 degree to maximize the linkage flux of the stator 24. When not operating, the linkage flux of the stator 24 is minimized by controlling the phase angle of the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 to be 180 degrees.

  In this embodiment, when the ECU 70 controls the phase angle of the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 to a desired value, the phase angle is controlled to either 0 degrees or 180 degrees. The present invention can also be applied to control at an arbitrary angle between them.

  Specifically, when the main rotor shaft 26 is connected to the crankshaft of the engine of the vehicle, the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 are minimized so that the iron loss is minimized even if the rotating electrical machine rotates while the engine is stopped. The phase angle of the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 for outputting a desired cranking coil is set to 0 degree when the engine is started. Then, it is in the same pole facing state. Therefore, the phase angle is changed between 0 degrees and 180 degrees when the engine is started and when the engine is stopped.

  FIG. 3 shows a configuration when the main rotor shaft 26 is connected to the crankshaft of the vehicle engine. In FIG. 3, the rotation direction α indicates the rotation direction (forward rotation direction) of the engine.

  When changing the phase angle γ between the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42, the sub-rotor 42 that is not connected to an inertial load such as an engine is mainly rotated relative to the main rotor 40. There are two directions, A direction and B direction shown in FIG. Due to the stator coil current applied to rotate the sub-rotor 42, torque is simultaneously generated in the main rotor 40 sharing the stator 24, and the main rotor 40 also rotates.

  FIG. 4 shows a case where the opposite pole facing state (phase angle γ = 180 degrees) is changed to the same pole facing state (phase angle γ = 0 degrees), and the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the direction A in FIG. Changes in the phase angle (a), the rotor angle (b), and the coil currents Id and Iq (c) over time (when gradually decreasing from 180 ° to 0 °) are shown. As shown in FIG. 4B, when the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the A direction, the main rotor 40 sharing the stator 24 with the sub-rotor 42 rotates in the C direction of FIG. To do. At this time, the normal rotation direction α of the engine coincides with the rotation direction of the main rotor 40.

  FIG. 5 shows a case where the opposite-pole facing state (phase angle γ = 180 degrees) is changed to the same-pole facing state (phase angle γ = 0 degrees), and the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the direction B in FIG. Changes in the phase angle (a), the rotor angle (b), and the coil currents Id and Iq (c) over time (when gradually increasing from 180 degrees to 360 degrees) are shown. As shown in FIG. 5B, when the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the B direction, the main rotor 40 sharing the stator 24 with the sub-rotor 42 rotates in the D direction of FIG. To do. At this time, the normal rotation direction α of the engine and the rotation direction of the main rotor 40 are opposite to each other.

  As can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 5, when the sub-rotor 42 is rotated to change the phase angle γ, the main rotor 40 also rotates simultaneously, and the direction of rotation of the main rotor 40 depends on the direction of rotation of the sub-rotor 42. That is, the rotational torque also changes. Therefore, when the phase angle is changed from the reverse polarity state to the same polarity state so that cranking torque is output to the engine when the engine is started, the auxiliary rotor 42 is simply rotated in an arbitrary direction (specifically, the B direction). As a result, torque in the direction opposite to the normal rotation direction α of the engine is generated in the main rotor 40, and the efficiency is lowered.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the rotation direction of the sub-rotor 42 is switched and controlled so that the rotation direction of the main torque 40 is in a direction that does not hinder the start / stop of the engine according to the engine start.

  FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of the ECU 70 in the present embodiment. The ECU 70 includes an engine start determination unit 701, a target rotor phase angle calculation unit 702, and a rotor phase angle control unit 703 as functional blocks.

  The engine start determination unit 701 inputs detection values and command values such as the accelerator opening, the vehicle speed, the battery SOC, and the charge request, determines whether to start the engine, and outputs a determination result.

  When the engine start determination unit 701 outputs the engine start determination result, the target rotor phase angle calculation unit 702 determines the target phase angle according to this and outputs it to the rotor phase angle control unit 703.

  Specifically, the target rotor phase angle calculation unit 702 changes the phase angle so that the opposite pole facing state is changed to the same pole facing state when the engine is started. At this time, the rotation direction of the main rotor 40 is the normal direction of the engine. In order to rotate the sub-rotor 42 in the A direction so as to coincide with the rotation direction, the target phase angle is set to 0 degrees (not 360 degrees).

  The rotor phase angle control unit 703 outputs a current command so that the target phase angle is obtained, and controls the current of the stator coil.

  As a result, when the phase angle is changed from the reverse pole facing state to the positive electrode facing state when the engine is started, it is possible to prevent the generation of reverse torque with respect to the normal rotation of the engine.

  The above is an example of changing from the reverse pole facing state to the same pole facing state when the engine is started, but also when changing from the same pole facing state to the reverse pole facing state when the engine is stopped, The rotation direction, that is, the target phase angle can be set.

  That is, in the functional block diagram of FIG. 6, the engine start determination unit 701 determines whether or not the engine is stopped instead of starting the engine and outputs the result.

  The target rotor phase angle calculation unit 702 changes the phase angle so that the same-pole facing state is changed to the opposite-pole facing state when the engine is stopped. At this time, the rotation direction of the main rotor 40 matches the normal rotation direction of the engine. In order to rotate the sub-rotor 42 as described above, the target phase angle is set.

  FIG. 7 shows a case where the same-pole facing state is changed to the opposite-pole facing state, and the phase angle (a), rotor angle (b), and coil current when the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the direction B in FIG. The time changes of Id and Iq (c) are respectively shown. As shown in FIG. 7B, when the sub-rotor 42 is rotated in the direction B, the main rotor 40 sharing the stator 24 with the sub-rotor 42 coincides with the direction C in FIG. 3, that is, the forward rotation direction α of the engine. Direction.

  Accordingly, the target rotor phase angle calculation unit 702 sets the target phase angle to 180 degrees (−180 degrees) in order to rotate the sub-rotor 42 in the B direction so that the rotation direction of the main rotor 40 matches the normal rotation direction of the engine. Not).

  It should be noted that the rotation direction and the target phase angle of the sub-rotor 42 are different when changing from the opposite pole facing state to the same pole facing state and when changing from the same pole facing state to the opposite pole facing state.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the phase angle of the main rotor 40 and the sub rotor 42 is changed, the phase angle is changed according to the engine start / stop, specifically, the rotation direction of the sub rotor 42, that is, By reverse-controlling the target phase angle, reverse rotation of the engine can be prevented. By preventing the reverse rotation of the engine, it is possible to suppress the reverse flow of the exhaust gas of the engine and prevent the emission from deteriorating.

  In the present embodiment, when a device whose rotational direction is determined in one direction is connected to the main rotor 40, a stator coil current for adjusting the phase angle between the main rotor 40 and the sub-rotor 42 is supplied. In addition, even if the main rotor 40 is rotated by the stator coil current, it can be said that the rotational direction or the direction of the generated torque is controlled so that the inertial load is rotated forward.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the main rotor shaft 26 of the rotating electrical machine is coupled to the engine has been illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to the engine and is similarly applied to a case where it is connected to an arbitrary inertial load. Can do. That is, the control of this embodiment can be executed when the phase angle is changed when rotation is started from the state where the inertial load is stopped, and when the phase angle is changed when the inertial load is stopped from the state where the inertial load is rotated. .

24 Stator, 26 Main rotor shaft, 28 Rotor, 40 Main rotor (first rotor element), 42 Sub rotor (second rotor element), 70 Electronic control unit (ECU).

Claims (6)

A stator,
A first rotor element and a second rotor element that are arranged to face the stator and are arranged to face each other in the rotation axis direction, the second rotor element being a rotor that is rotatable relative to the first rotor element; ,
A control device for controlling a rotating electrical machine comprising:
The first rotor element is connected to an inertial load;
When the phase angle between the first rotor element and the second rotor element is changed by rotating the second rotor element relative to the first rotor element, the inertial load is shifted from a stopped state to a rotating state. In this case, the control apparatus for the rotating electrical machine includes a control unit that relatively rotates the second rotor element so that the rotation direction of the first rotor element coincides with the rotation direction of the inertia load. When the inertial load is shifted from the stopped state to the rotating state, the control means is configured such that the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the opposite polar state and the phase angle is 180 degrees. 2. The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the same-pole facing state and the phase angle is changed to 0 degree. When the inertial load is shifted from the rotation state to the stop state, the control means relatively rotates the second rotor element so that the rotation direction of the first rotor element coincides with the rotation direction of the inertial load. The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein: When the inertial load is shifted from the rotation state to the stop state, the control means is configured such that the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in the same pole opposing state, and the phase angle is 0 degree. 4. The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to claim 3, wherein the first rotor element and the second rotor element are in an opposite-pole opposed state and the phase angle is changed to a state of 180 degrees. 5. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the control unit rotates the second rotor element relative to the first rotor element by controlling a current flowing through the stator. Control device. The control device for a rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inertial load is an engine.

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