JP2016144428A - Detection method of cattle rumen tympanites and detection system of cattle rumen tympanites - Google Patents

Detection method of cattle rumen tympanites and detection system of cattle rumen tympanites Download PDF

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JP2016144428A
JP2016144428A JP2015023112A JP2015023112A JP2016144428A JP 2016144428 A JP2016144428 A JP 2016144428A JP 2015023112 A JP2015023112 A JP 2015023112A JP 2015023112 A JP2015023112 A JP 2015023112A JP 2016144428 A JP2016144428 A JP 2016144428A
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rumen
wireless sensor
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measurement data
bloating
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JP6647544B2 (en
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鐘蔵 新井
Shozo Arai
鐘蔵 新井
伊藤 寿浩
Hisahiro Ito
寿浩 伊藤
大史 野上
Hiroshi Nogami
大史 野上
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National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide detection means of cattle rumen tympanites which can monitor a cattle rumen daily over long periods and can detect rumen tympanites with high accuracy.SOLUTION: A wireless sensor terminal B has the weight density of 1.8 gf/cmor more and includes positional change detection means which can detect a positional change of the wireless sensor terminal and wireless transmission means which wirelessly transmits the measurement data of the positional change detection means. A detection method of cattle rumen tympanites detects the presence or absence of the onset of rumen tympanites by placing the wireless sensor terminal in a rumen C1 by oral administration of it, obtaining the measurement data of the positional change detection means outside the body of individual cattle C, and detecting a change in the measurement data. By placing the wireless sensor terminal B which has positional change detection means such as an acceleration sensor in the rumen C1, the fluidity of the contents of the rumen C1 can be detected, and by evaluating the fluidity of the contents of the rumen C1, the contractile movements of the rumen can be detected. Therefore, the presence or absence of the onset of cattle rumen tympanites can be determinately detected with high sensitivity and accuracy.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段を備えた無線センサ端末を経口投与により牛の第一胃内に留置させ、その測定データの変動によって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法及び第一胃鼓脹症検出システムなどに関連する。   According to the present invention, a wireless sensor terminal equipped with a displacement detecting means capable of detecting a change in position is placed in the rumen of a cow by oral administration, and the presence or absence of onset of ruminal bloating is detected based on fluctuations in the measurement data. The present invention relates to a method for detecting ruminal bloating in cows, a system for detecting bloating, etc.

近年の牛の畜産においては、肉牛飼育では成長性・肥育性の向上、乳牛飼育では産乳量の向上などのため、牛の飼育の際、粗飼料に、マメ科牧草や濃厚飼料など、タンパク質含量が高く粗線維の少ない飼料を配合して給餌する場合が多い。一方、これらの飼料の多量摂取は、第一胃内での異常発酵を引き起こしやすく、牛の第一胃鼓張症の主な原因にもなるとされている。   In recent cattle breeding, beef cattle breeding improves growth and fattening, and dairy cattle breeding improves milk production.For cattle breeding, roughage, protein such as legumes and concentrated feed are used. It is often fed with a feed that is high and contains few coarse fibers. On the other hand, large intakes of these feeds are likely to cause abnormal fermentation in the rumen, and are considered to be the main cause of rumen bloating in cattle.

牛の第一胃鼓張症は、第一胃内容の著しい発酵の亢進などによって第一胃内にガスが大量に充満して第一胃が過度に膨張し、それにより呼吸が障害される疾患である。診断自体は、急速な左けん部の膨大とその打診による所見、呼吸速拍、うっ血症状などにより比較的容易な場合も多いが、急性に経過した場合は、摂食後2〜3時間以内に腹囲が急激に膨大し、迅速に治療を施さなければ、呼吸困難の状態を呈して横倒しとなり、数時間以内に死亡する場合がある。そのため、特に、飼育頭数が多い畜産農家ではその発症を早期に発見することが難しく、発見や治療が遅れて死亡する場合も多い。畜産農家にとって、この疾患での飼育牛の死亡による経済的損失は大きい。   Rumen bloating in cattle is a disease in which the rumen is excessively expanded due to a large amount of gas in the rumen due to markedly increased fermentation of the rumen content, etc. It is. Diagnosis itself is often relatively easy due to rapid enlargement of the left tendon and percussion findings, respiratory rate, congestive symptoms, etc., but if it has been acute, the abdominal circumference within 2-3 hours after eating However, if the treatment is not performed promptly, the patient may become dyspnea and lie down and die within a few hours. For this reason, it is particularly difficult for livestock farmers with a large number of breeding animals to detect the onset at an early stage. For livestock farmers, the economic loss due to the death of domestic cattle due to this disease is significant.

牛の第一胃内の異常の早期発見には、例えば、ルーメン検査(第一胃内容物を採取して行う検査)が有用な手段の一つである。しかし、牛の口腔より第一胃内容物を採取しその成分分析を行う必要があり、また、X線撮影装置などの特殊な機器を必要とする場合もあるため、この検査のために必要な労力・コスト、及び、牛各個体にかかる負担などを考慮すると、現実的には、各農場現場で日常的にその検査を実施することは難しい。そのため、第一胃内の状況を日常的に監視する手段の開発が求められている。   For early detection of abnormalities in the rumen of cattle, for example, a lumen test (a test performed by collecting the contents of the rumen) is one of the useful means. However, it is necessary to collect the contents of the rumen from the cow's mouth and analyze it, and special equipment such as X-ray equipment may be required. Considering labor and cost, and the burden on each cow, it is actually difficult to carry out the inspection on a daily basis at each farm site. Therefore, development of means for daily monitoring of the condition in the rumen is required.

なお、例えば、特許文献1には、ルーメンアシドーシスなどの検出を目的として、容器内に収容された測定部にpHセンサを含み、反芻動物に経口投与されることで第一胃内に留まって第一胃内の内部状態を検出する検出装置などが、特許文献2には、反芻胃を持つ動物に飲み込ませ、反芻動物の第一胃又は第二胃の中に留めて使用する動物用体内型個体識別器具であって、容器内に、温度センサ・pHセンサ・振動センサ・電導度センサなどのセンサが設けられたものが、特許文献3には、温度センサを備えた大丸薬を反芻動物に飲み込ませ、反芻動物の内臓温度などを検出して送信するモニターシステムが、特許文献4には、反芻動物の胃のpH及び温度の監視により、反芻動物の生理状態を判定するシステムが、それぞれ開示されている。その他、特許文献5及び6は、圧電効果による電荷の変化により加速度を検出する加速度センサに関する文献である。
国際公開WO2010/147175 特開平6-276877号公報 US5,984,875 US2004-133131 特開2011-226995号公報 特開2012-242250号公報
For example, in Patent Document 1, for the purpose of detecting rumen acidosis and the like, a measurement unit housed in a container includes a pH sensor, and is orally administered to ruminants and remains in the rumen. A detection device for detecting the internal state of a rumen is disclosed in Patent Document 2, in which an animal having a rumen is swallowed and used in a ruminant animal's first stomach or second stomach. An individual identification device that is provided with a sensor such as a temperature sensor, a pH sensor, a vibration sensor, or an electrical conductivity sensor in a container. Patent Document 3 discloses a large pill with a temperature sensor as a ruminant. A monitoring system that swallows and detects and transmits the internal organs temperature of ruminants, Patent Document 4 discloses a system for determining the physiological state of ruminants by monitoring the pH and temperature of the ruminant stomach. Has been. In addition, Patent Documents 5 and 6 are documents relating to an acceleration sensor that detects acceleration by a change in electric charge due to the piezoelectric effect.
International Publication WO2010 / 147175 JP-A-62-276877 US5,984,875 US2004-133131 JP 2011-226995 JP JP 2012-242250 A

上述の通り、牛の第一胃内の異常を早期に発見できるようにするために、第一胃内の状況を日常的に監視する手段が必要である。しかし、たとえセンサを第一胃内に留置させたとしても、温度センサでは牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症を充分に検知できない。また、pHセンサを第一胃内に留置させ、ルーメンアシドーシスの発症を検出する方法は、鼓脹症の検知にもある程度有効な可能性もあるが、pHセンサは、約2カ月ごとに参照液の交換が必要であるため、長期間、第一胃内にセンサを留め、監視を続けることは、実質的に難しい。   As described above, in order to be able to detect abnormalities in the rumen of the cow at an early stage, means for daily monitoring of the state in the rumen is required. However, even if the sensor is placed in the rumen, the temperature sensor cannot sufficiently detect the onset of rumen bloating in cattle. In addition, the method of detecting the onset of rumen acidosis by placing a pH sensor in the rumen may be effective to some extent for detection of bloating. Due to the need for replacement, it is practically difficult to keep the sensor in the rumen and continue monitoring for a long time.

そこで、本発明では、長期間に亘って日常的に監視することが可能で、検出精度も高い牛の第一胃鼓張症の検出手段を提供することなどを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a means for detecting rumen bloating in cattle that can be monitored daily over a long period of time and has high detection accuracy.

本発明者らは、略筒形状で、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段を備え、経口投与により牛の第一胃内に留置させることが可能で、牛個体の外部にその測定データを送信することが可能な経口投与型無線センサ端末を開発するとともに、(1)重量密度を1.8gf/cm3以上にすることで、この無線センサ端末を第一胃内に長時間留置させることができること、(2)第一胃内に略筒形状の無線センサ端末を留置させた場合、無線センサ端末の位置変化を変異検出手段で検出することによって第一胃内の内容物の流動性を検出することができること、(3)この第一胃内の内容物の流動性と第一胃収縮運動とはほぼ完全に同調すること、従って、第一胃内の内容物の流動性を評価することで、第一胃収縮運動を検知することができること、並びに(4)この変位検出手段の測定データの変動によって牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出することができることを新規に見出した。 The present inventors have a displacement detection means that can detect a change in position in a substantially cylindrical shape, can be placed in the rumen of a cow by oral administration, and transmit the measurement data to the outside of the cow individual. (1) By making the weight density 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more, this wireless sensor terminal can be placed in the rumen for a long time, (2) When a substantially cylindrical wireless sensor terminal is indwelled in the rumen, the fluidity of the contents in the rumen is detected by detecting a change in position of the wireless sensor terminal with the mutation detection means. (3) The fluidity of the contents in the rumen and the rumen contraction movement are almost completely synchronized, and therefore, by evaluating the fluidity of the contents in the rumen, The ability to detect ruminal contraction, and (4) It was newly found that the presence or absence of ruminal bloating in cattle can be detected by variation in the measurement data of the stage.

そこで、本発明では、略筒形状で、重量密度1.8gf/cm3以上であり、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段及び該変位検出手段の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備えた無線センサ端末を経口投与により牛の第一胃内に留置させ、該牛個体の体外で前記変位検出手段の測定データを取得し、前記測定データの変動を検知することによって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法などを提供する。 Therefore, in the present invention, a wireless sensor having a substantially cylindrical shape, a weight density of 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more, a displacement detection means capable of detecting a change in position, and a wireless transmission means for wirelessly transmitting measurement data of the displacement detection means. The terminal is placed in the rumen of the cow by oral administration, the measurement data of the displacement detection means is acquired outside the bovine individual, and the onset of ruminal bloating is detected by detecting the fluctuation of the measurement data Provided is a method for detecting ruminal bloating in a cow for detecting the presence or absence of the cow.

略筒形状で変位検出手段を備えた無線センサ端末を牛の第一胃内に留置させることで、第一胃内の内容物の流動性を検出することができ、その第一胃内の内容物の流動性を評価することで、第一胃収縮運動を検知することができる。一方、牛の第一胃鼓脹症は第一胃収縮運動の低下を伴うため、第一胃鼓脹症が発症した場合には、その測定データ(波形)が明瞭に変動する。従って、牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を高感度、高精度かつ確定的に検出することができる。   The fluidity of the contents in the rumen can be detected by placing a wireless sensor terminal having a substantially cylindrical shape and provided with a displacement detection means in the rumen of the cow, and the contents in the rumen By evaluating the fluidity of an object, the ruminal contraction movement can be detected. On the other hand, ruminal bloating in cattle is accompanied by a decrease in ruminal contraction movement, and therefore, when bloating occurs, the measurement data (waveform) clearly fluctuates. Therefore, the presence or absence of the onset of ruminal bloating in cattle can be detected with high sensitivity, high accuracy and deterministicity.

本発明では、無線センサ端末の重量密度を調整することで、この無線センサ端末が第一胃内に留まる時間を調節することができ、例えば、無線センサ端末の重量密度を1.8gf/cm3以上とすることで、この無線センサ端末を第一胃内に長時間留置させることができる。また、本発明では加速度センサなどの変位検出手段を採用しているため、例えば、pHセンサにおける参照液の交換のように、定期的に無線センサ端末を回収してそれを保守する必要がない。さらに、加速度センサなどの変位検出手段を採用することにより消費電力を低減できるため、電池交換などをほとんど必要とせず、この無線センサ端末を長期間に亘って作動させることが可能である。従って、本発明により、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無の監視を長期間に亘って日常的に行うことが可能となる。 In the present invention, by adjusting the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal, it is possible to adjust the time that the wireless sensor terminal stays in the rumen, for example, the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal is 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more Thus, the wireless sensor terminal can be left in the rumen for a long time. Further, since the present invention employs displacement detection means such as an acceleration sensor, it is not necessary to periodically collect and maintain the wireless sensor terminal, for example, as in the case of replacement of the reference liquid in the pH sensor. Furthermore, since the power consumption can be reduced by adopting a displacement detection means such as an acceleration sensor, it is possible to operate this wireless sensor terminal for a long period of time with almost no battery replacement. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to routinely monitor the presence or absence of ruminal bloating over a long period of time.

そして、本発明では、長期間に亘って日常的に監視することが可能であり、経時的な測定データを連続的に取得することが可能であるため、第一胃鼓脹症の発症を早期に発見することができる。従って、発症初期の段階で対処することが可能になるため、第一胃鼓脹症の重篤化を未然に防止でき、この疾患での飼育牛の死亡による経済的損失も抑制できる。   In the present invention, it is possible to monitor daily over a long period of time, and it is possible to continuously acquire measurement data over time. Can be found. Therefore, since it becomes possible to deal with at the early stage of the onset, serious ruminal bloating can be prevented in advance, and economic loss due to death of domestic cattle due to this disease can also be suppressed.

加えて、本発明には、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無の検出・監視を非侵襲的に行うことができるという利点がある。本発明では、無線センサ端末を経口投与により第一胃内に留置させることで、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無の検出・監視を行うことができ、外科手術などによる牛個体への測定手段の取り付けなどを必要としない。また、加速度センサなどの変位検出手段を採用することにより無線センサ端末を小型化できるため、無線センサ端末の経口投与も比較的簡易に行うことができる。従って、監視対象となる牛個体への負荷を極力軽減でき、非侵襲的な検出・監視が可能である。   In addition, the present invention has an advantage that non-invasive detection / monitoring of the presence or absence of the occurrence of ruminal bloating can be performed. In the present invention, the wireless sensor terminal is placed in the rumen by oral administration, so that it is possible to detect and monitor the onset of ruminal bloating, and to measure the bovine individual by surgery or the like There is no need for installation. In addition, since the wireless sensor terminal can be miniaturized by adopting displacement detection means such as an acceleration sensor, oral administration of the wireless sensor terminal can be performed relatively easily. Therefore, the load on the individual cattle to be monitored can be reduced as much as possible, and noninvasive detection / monitoring is possible.

また、本発明は、変位検出手段及びその測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備えた無線センサ端末を経口投与により第一胃内に留置させ、その牛個体の体外で測定データを長期間連続的に取得することで、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出することができるため、比較的簡易かつ安価に、第一胃鼓脹症検出のための仕組みを構築することが可能である。   The present invention also provides a wireless sensor terminal equipped with a displacement detection means and a wireless transmission means for wirelessly transmitting the measurement data in the rumen by oral administration, and the measurement data is continuously outside the body of the cow individual for a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to detect the onset of ruminal bloating, so that it is possible to construct a mechanism for detecting bloating in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner.

このように、第一胃鼓脹症検出のための仕組みを比較的簡易かつ安価に構築することが可能であり、加えて、無線送信された測定データをサーバコンピュータなどで一括して管理・監視・解析することも可能であるため、本発明は、多数の飼育牛を同時に監視する場合にも適用できる。従って、本発明は、例えば、飼育頭数の多い畜産農家において、飼育牛全頭に対して第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を監視したい場合にも有用であり、これによって、第一胃鼓脹症の発見の遅れを防止でき、この疾患での飼育牛の死亡による経済的損失も抑制できる。   In this way, it is possible to construct a mechanism for detecting ruminal bloating relatively easily and inexpensively. In addition, measurement data transmitted wirelessly can be managed, monitored, Since it is also possible to analyze, this invention is applicable also when monitoring many domestic cattle simultaneously. Therefore, the present invention is also useful, for example, in a livestock farm with a large number of breeding animals, when it is desired to monitor the onset of ruminal bloating for all cattle bred. Can be prevented, and economic loss due to the death of domestic cattle due to this disease can be suppressed.

その他、本発明に係る無線センサ端末は不具合を起こしにくく、長期間に亘る安定的な監視が可能であるという有利性もある。本発明に係る無線センサ端末は、加速度センサなどの変位検出手段によって第一胃収縮運動を検知するため、例えば、pHセンサのように、試料(第一胃液など)を端末の内部に誘導させる必要がない。そのため、無線センサ端末の内部構造を常に外部から略隔離することが可能であり、外部環境(第一胃内の環境)から保護されているほか、目詰まりの発生などもない。そのため、不具合の発生を低く抑えることができる。また、変位検出手段を採用することで構造を単純化できるため、不具合も発生しにくい。   In addition, the wireless sensor terminal according to the present invention has an advantage that it is less likely to cause problems and can be stably monitored over a long period of time. Since the wireless sensor terminal according to the present invention detects the rumen contraction movement by a displacement detection means such as an acceleration sensor, it is necessary to induce a sample (such as a rumen gastric fluid) to the inside of the terminal like a pH sensor, for example. There is no. Therefore, the internal structure of the wireless sensor terminal can always be substantially isolated from the outside, is protected from the external environment (environment in the rumen), and is not clogged. Therefore, the occurrence of defects can be suppressed low. Moreover, since the structure can be simplified by adopting the displacement detection means, it is difficult for problems to occur.

本発明により、牛の第一胃鼓張症を比較的高精度に検出することができる。また、本発明は、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を、比較的長期間に亘って日常的に監視することが可能であり、多数の飼育牛を一括して監視したい場合などにも適用可能である。   According to the present invention, ruminal bloating in cattle can be detected with relatively high accuracy. In addition, the present invention can monitor the presence or absence of ruminal bloating on a daily basis for a relatively long period of time, and is also applicable to a case where a large number of domestic cattle are to be monitored collectively. Is possible.

<本発明に係る牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出システム>
本発明は、略筒形状で、重量密度1.8gf/cm3以上であり、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段及び該変位検出手段の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備え、牛への経口投与により第一胃内に留置させる経口投与型の無線センサ端末と、前記無線センサ端末より送信された前記測定データを受信するとともに該受信データをデータ管理手段へ送信する中継手段と、前記中継手段より送信された前記測定データを処理するデータ処理手段と、を備え、前記測定データの変動を検知することによって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出システムをすべて包含する。以下、図1及び図2を用いて、その例を説明する。なお、本発明は、この実施形態のみに狭く限定されない。
<Bovine rumen bloating detection system according to the present invention>
The present invention has a substantially cylindrical shape, a weight density of 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more, and includes a displacement detection means that can detect a change in position and a wireless transmission means that wirelessly transmits measurement data of the displacement detection means, Oral administration type wireless sensor terminal to be placed in the rumen by administration, relay means for receiving the measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal and transmitting the received data to data management means, and the relay means And a data processing means for processing the transmitted measurement data, and detecting a ruminal bloating detection system for cattle by detecting the presence or absence of ruminal bloating by detecting fluctuations in the measurement data. Includes everything. Hereinafter, an example thereof will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

図1は、本発明に係る牛第一胃鼓脹症検出システムの全体構成の例を示す模式図である。   FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a cow rumen bloating detection system according to the present invention.

図1の牛第一胃鼓脹症検出システムAは、牛個体Cの第一胃C1内に留置された無線センサ端末Bと、無線センサ端末Bの変位検出手段の測定データを処理するデータ処理手段Sと、を備えている。また、図1の牛第一胃鼓脹症検出システムAでは、前記無線センサ端末Bより送信された前記測定データを受信するとともに該受信データをデータ処理手段Sへ送信する中継手順Iを含む構成となっている。   The cow rumen bloating detection system A in FIG. 1 includes a wireless sensor terminal B placed in the rumen C1 of the cow individual C, and data processing means for processing measurement data of the displacement detection means of the wireless sensor terminal B. S. In addition, the bovine rumen bloating detection system A in FIG. 1 includes a relay procedure I for receiving the measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal B and transmitting the received data to the data processing means S; It has become.

図1では、無線センサ端末Bの変位検出手段の測定データは、無線送信で中継手段Iに送信された後、中継手段Iからデータ処理手段Sへ送信される。   In FIG. 1, the measurement data of the displacement detection means of the wireless sensor terminal B is transmitted to the relay means I by wireless transmission, and then transmitted from the relay means I to the data processing means S.

中継手段Iは、無線センサ端末Bからデータ処理手段Sへの測定データの送信を中継する。中継手段Iの設置は任意であるが、例えば、中継手段Iを設置するとともに、中継手段Iを牛個体C(無線センサ端末B)の近傍に設置することにより、無線センサ端末Bから無線送信を行う際の電力消費を低減できるため、無線センサ端末Bを、牛第一胃C1内に留置させたまま長期間に亘って作動させることが可能になる。   The relay means I relays transmission of measurement data from the wireless sensor terminal B to the data processing means S. The installation of the relay means I is optional. For example, the relay means I is installed, and the relay means I is installed in the vicinity of the cow individual C (wireless sensor terminal B), so that wireless transmission from the wireless sensor terminal B is possible. Since power consumption when performing can be reduced, the wireless sensor terminal B can be operated over a long period of time while being left in the cow rumen C1.

中継手段Iは公知のものを広く採用でき、特に限定されない。また、中継手段Iの設置場所は特に限定されないが、例えば、首輪など、牛個体C(の外表面)に取り付けるようにしてもよく、若しくは牛舎内の所定箇所に設置するようにしてもよい。その他、複数の無線センサ端末B、即ち、複数の牛個体Cから同時期に送信された測定データを一つの中継手段Iで中継する構成にしてもよい。   The relay means I can employ widely known ones and is not particularly limited. Further, the installation location of the relay means I is not particularly limited. For example, it may be attached to the cow individual C (the outer surface thereof) such as a collar, or may be installed at a predetermined location in the cowshed. In addition, the measurement data transmitted at the same time from a plurality of wireless sensor terminals B, that is, a plurality of cattle individuals C may be relayed by one relay means I.

データ処理手段Sは、無線センサ端末B内の変位検出手段の測定データを処理する部位である。データ処理手段Sとしては、サーバコンピュータ、パーソナルコンピュータ、タブレット型携帯端末など、公知のものを広く採用できる。データ処理手段Sでは、例えば、無線センサ端末Bより送信された測定データの受信、記憶、表示、出力、解析、データ管理などのうちのいずれか又は複数の処理を行う。   The data processing means S is a part that processes the measurement data of the displacement detection means in the wireless sensor terminal B. As the data processing means S, known devices such as a server computer, a personal computer, and a tablet portable terminal can be widely adopted. In the data processing means S, for example, one or more of reception, storage, display, output, analysis, data management, and the like of measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal B is performed.

中継手段Iとデータ処理手段Sとの間のデータの通信は、公知の方法を広く採用でき、無線及び有線のいずれで接続されている場合も広く包含され、また、インターネットなどのネットワークを介して接続されていてもよい。   Data communication between the relay means I and the data processing means S can widely adopt known methods, widely encompassing cases where both wireless and wired connections are made, and via a network such as the Internet. It may be connected.

図2は本発明に係る無線センサ端末の内部構成の例を示す模式図である。   FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the internal configuration of the wireless sensor terminal according to the present invention.

図2の無線センサ端末Bでは、容器1内に電子基板が収容され、電子基板には、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段2と、該変位検出手段2の測定データを直流に変換する変換回路3と、該測定データを外部に無線送信する無線送信手段4と、CPU5、記憶部6、電源部7が実装されている。   In the wireless sensor terminal B of FIG. 2, an electronic substrate is accommodated in the container 1, the electronic substrate includes a displacement detection means 2 that can detect a change in position, and a conversion circuit that converts measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 into direct current. 3, a wireless transmission means 4 for wirelessly transmitting the measurement data to the outside, a CPU 5, a storage unit 6, and a power supply unit 7 are mounted.

無線センサ端末Bの外観形状は特に限定されないが、長手方向と短手方向を有する形状、例えば、略筒形状(本発明において、略円筒状、略多角筒状、略弾丸状、略卵形状、略楕円形状などを含む。)が、牛第一胃C1内での無線センサ端末Bの位置変化を確実に検出する上で好適である。また、この形状に形成することにより、経口投与による牛個体Cへの負荷を極力軽減できるという利点もある。   The external shape of the wireless sensor terminal B is not particularly limited, but a shape having a longitudinal direction and a short direction, for example, a substantially cylindrical shape (in the present invention, a substantially cylindrical shape, a substantially polygonal tubular shape, a substantially bullet shape, a substantially egg shape, In order to reliably detect a change in the position of the wireless sensor terminal B in the cow rumen C1. Moreover, there exists an advantage that the load to the cow individual C by oral administration can be reduced as much as possible by forming in this shape.

無線センサ端末Bの大きさは特に限定されないが、無線センサ端末Bは経口投与により牛第一胃内に留置させるものであるため、牛個体Cに投与する際に過剰な負担をかけない程度の大きさがよい。例えば、略筒形状に形成されている場合、長さ(長手方向の最大径)が好適には50.0〜150.0mm、より好適には50.0〜120.0mm、さらに好適には50.0〜80.0mmに、幅(短手方向の最大径)が好適には15.0〜45.0mm、より好適には15.0〜35.0mm、さらに好適には15.0〜30.0mmに、それぞれ形成してもよい。   The size of the wireless sensor terminal B is not particularly limited, but since the wireless sensor terminal B is to be placed in the cow rumen by oral administration, it does not place an excessive burden when administered to the cow individual C Good size. For example, when formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, the length (maximum diameter in the longitudinal direction) is preferably 50.0 to 150.0 mm, more preferably 50.0 to 120.0 mm, and even more preferably 50.0 to 80.0 mm. (Maximum diameter in the short direction) is preferably 15.0 to 45.0 mm, more preferably 15.0 to 35.0 mm, and even more preferably 15.0 to 30.0 mm.

無線センサ端末Bの重量密度を調整することにより、牛第一胃C1内における無線センサ端末Bの留置時間を調節することができる。例えば、無線センサ端末Bの重量密度を1.3gf/cm3に調整した場合、無線センサ端末Bは経口投与の約3日後に肛門より排出され、1.5gf/cm3に調整した場合、無線センサ端末Bは経口投与の約1カ月後に肛門より排出されるのに対し、1.8gf/cm3以上(例えば、1.8〜8.0gf/cm3)に調整した場合は、無線センサ端末Bは経口投与後長期間に亘って牛第一胃C1内に留置される。その他、無線センサ端末Bの重量を変化させることができる構造、例えば、牛個体Cの外部から着脱を調節できる錘部分を無線センサ端末Bに取り付けておき、加速度センサ2などに不具合があった場合にその錘部分を脱落させることで、無線センサ端末Bを牛個体Cの体外へ排出させることができる。 By adjusting the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal B, the indwelling time of the wireless sensor terminal B in the cow rumen C1 can be adjusted. For example, when adjusting the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal B to 1.3gf / cm 3, the wireless sensor terminal B is discharged from the anus to about 3 days after oral administration, when adjusted to 1.5 gf / cm 3, the wireless sensor nodes B is excreted from the anus approximately one month after oral administration, whereas when adjusted to 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more (eg, 1.8 to 8.0 gf / cm 3 ), wireless sensor terminal B Indwelled in cow rumen C1 for a period of time. In addition, a structure that can change the weight of the wireless sensor terminal B, for example, when a weight part that can be attached and detached from the outside of the cow individual C is attached to the wireless sensor terminal B, and there is a problem with the acceleration sensor 2 etc. By dropping the weight portion, the wireless sensor terminal B can be discharged out of the body of the cow individual C.

容器1は、原則的には、変位検出手段2、その変位検出手段2の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段3などが実装された電子基板を収容する部材であり、容器1内に電子基板が固定された状態で収容される。容器1は略密封され、牛第一胃C1内の内容物と容器1の内部とは原則的には完全に遮断される。これによって、無線センサ端末Bが第一胃内に留置される期間に亘って電子基板上の各部品を正常に動作させることができ、また、電子基板上の各部品の不具合や劣化を防止できる。   The container 1 is, in principle, a member that accommodates an electronic board on which a displacement detection means 2, a wireless transmission means 3 for wirelessly transmitting measurement data of the displacement detection means 2, and the like are mounted. Is housed in a fixed state. The container 1 is substantially sealed, and in principle, the contents in the cow rumen C1 and the inside of the container 1 are completely blocked. As a result, each component on the electronic board can be operated normally over the period in which the wireless sensor terminal B is indwelled in the rumen, and problems and deterioration of each component on the electronic board can be prevented. .

容器1の材質については、第一胃内容物に長期間接しても耐えうる程度の耐劣化性能、及び、第一胃内運動などによる物理的圧力に対して一定期間以上形状を保持できる強度を有していればよく、公知のものを広く採用でき、限定されない。   The material of the container 1 has a deterioration resistance performance that can withstand the contents of the rumen for a long period of time, and a strength that can maintain the shape for a certain period or more against physical pressure due to movement in the rumen. What is necessary is just to have, and a well-known thing can be employ | adopted widely and is not limited.

変位検出手段2は、無線センサ端末Bの位置変化を検出する部位である。本発明では、変位検出手段2の測定データを、牛第一胃C1内における無線センサ端末Bの位置変化を経時的に表す波形(時間ごとの変位を表す波形)として取得する。この測定データは、牛第一胃C1内の内容物の流動性、さらには第一胃収縮運動と相関する。   The displacement detection means 2 is a part that detects a change in the position of the wireless sensor terminal B. In the present invention, the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 is acquired as a waveform representing a change in position of the wireless sensor terminal B in the cow rumen C1 over time (a waveform representing a displacement for each time). This measurement data correlates with the fluidity of the contents in the cow rumen C1 and also with the rumen contraction movement.

変位検出手段2としては、第一胃内において無線センサ端末Bの位置変化を検出可能なものであればよく、公知のものを広く採用でき、特に限定されない。例えば、一軸(一方向)、二軸(XY軸の二方向)又は三軸(XYZ軸の三方向)の位置変化を検出可能な変位検出手段2を用いてもよい。変位検出手段2として、例えば、公知の加速度センサを用いることができる。また、第一胃内においては、無線センサ端末Bに特定の方向からの外力が加わった場合は、その強さに相関して無線センサ端末Bの位置変化が生じると推測されるため、例えば、無線センサ端末Bの外表面に、それぞれ検出面が複数の軸方向を向くように複数の圧電体を敷設し、各方向からの圧力の変化を検出できる構成にすることによっても、第一胃内における無線センサ端末Bの位置変化を検出することができる。その場合は、変異検出手段2のみ、容器1の外部に敷設されることになるが、変異検出手段2の端末を上記の電子基板に接続するとともに、変異検出手段2以外の部材を容器1内に略密閉することで、ほぼ同等の強度・耐久性を保持できる。   The displacement detection means 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can detect a change in the position of the wireless sensor terminal B in the rumen, and can be widely used. For example, a displacement detection means 2 that can detect a change in position of one axis (one direction), two axes (two directions of XY axes), or three axes (three directions of XYZ axes) may be used. As the displacement detection means 2, for example, a known acceleration sensor can be used. Further, in the rumen, when an external force from a specific direction is applied to the wireless sensor terminal B, it is estimated that the position change of the wireless sensor terminal B occurs in correlation with the strength. By arranging a plurality of piezoelectric bodies on the outer surface of the wireless sensor terminal B so that the detection surfaces face a plurality of axial directions, respectively, it is possible to detect changes in pressure from each direction. The position change of the wireless sensor terminal B can be detected. In that case, only the mutation detection means 2 will be laid outside the container 1, but the terminal of the mutation detection means 2 is connected to the electronic substrate and members other than the mutation detection means 2 are connected to the container 1. It is possible to maintain substantially the same strength and durability by substantially sealing.

変位検出手段2に加速度センサを採用する場合、加速度センサとしては、公知の小型の加速度センサ、例えば、MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical System)技術によって作成された加速度センサを広く採用できる。例えば、静電容量の変化、ピエゾ抵抗効果による電気抵抗の変化、歪ゲージ、圧電効果による電荷の変化のいずれかにより、センサ質量部分の変位を計測する加速度センサを広く採用できる。   When an acceleration sensor is employed as the displacement detection means 2, a known small acceleration sensor, for example, an acceleration sensor created by MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) technology can be widely employed as the acceleration sensor. For example, an acceleration sensor that measures the displacement of the sensor mass portion can be widely employed by any one of a change in capacitance, a change in electrical resistance due to the piezoresistance effect, a strain gauge, and a change in charge due to the piezoelectric effect.

例えば、採用する前記変位検出手段2が、有機圧電薄膜で形成された圧電体を備え、圧電効果による電荷の変化により位置変化を検出する構造である場合、(1)駆動電力を必要とせず、原則的に待機電力をゼロにできるため、電池交換などをほとんど必要とせず、より長期間に亘って無線センサ端末Bを作動させることが可能となる、(2)ADコンバータを用いずに測定データをデジタル化できるため、実装部品の構成を簡略化でき、無線センサ端末Bをより小型化できる、(3)圧電素子に有機圧電薄膜を用いることにより、より強固な圧電体を形成でき、加速度測定時に大きな変形・応力・圧力を与えられても壊れないため、より高精度かつ高感度な位置変化の検知が可能となる、(4)位置変化測定時における大きな変形・応力・圧力に耐えられ、その圧力を電圧に変換することで発電量も大きくできるため、例えば、その電力を電源部7で蓄電することで、消費電力をより低減化できる、などの点において有利性がある。その他、例えば、変位検出手段2が、CMOSスイッチを内蔵する構成にすることにより、消費電力を更に大幅に低減できる。有機圧電薄膜としては、公知のもの、例えば、PVDF薄膜などを採用できる。   For example, when the displacement detection means 2 to be employed includes a piezoelectric body formed of an organic piezoelectric thin film and has a structure for detecting a change in position due to a change in electric charge due to the piezoelectric effect, (1) without requiring driving power, In principle, the standby power can be reduced to zero, so it is possible to operate the wireless sensor terminal B for a longer period of time, requiring almost no battery replacement. (2) Measurement data without using an AD converter Can be digitalized, so the configuration of mounted parts can be simplified, and the wireless sensor terminal B can be made smaller. (3) By using an organic piezoelectric thin film for the piezoelectric element, a stronger piezoelectric body can be formed and acceleration measurement can be performed. Even when given large deformations, stresses and pressures, it does not break, so it is possible to detect position changes with higher accuracy and sensitivity. (4) Withstands large deformations, stresses and pressures during position change measurements. The pressure The order can be made larger amount of power generation by converting into a voltage, for example, by power storage the power supply unit 7 can be further reduced power consumption, there is advantage in terms of. In addition, for example, when the displacement detection means 2 is configured to incorporate a CMOS switch, the power consumption can be further greatly reduced. As the organic piezoelectric thin film, a known material such as a PVDF thin film can be employed.

本発明者らは、独自の検討の結果、略筒形状の無線センサ端末Bを牛第一胃C1内に留置させた場合、その無線センサ端末Bの長軸方向と略一致する軸方向における位置変化を経時的に表す波形が、第一胃収縮運動と同調することを新規に見出した。従って、例えば、前記測定データとして、前記無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向における位置変化を経時的に表す波形を取得し、該波形の変動を検知することによって牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する構成とすることで、高感度、高精度かつ確定的に同疾患の発症の有無を検出できる。   As a result of independent studies, the inventors have determined that the position of the wireless sensor terminal B in the axial direction approximately coincident with the long axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal B when the substantially cylindrical wireless sensor terminal B is placed in the cow rumen C1. It was newly found that the waveform representing the change over time is synchronized with the rumen contraction movement. Therefore, for example, as the measurement data, a waveform that represents a change in position in the axial direction that substantially coincides with the long axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal is obtained over time, and a change in the waveform is detected to detect the fluctuation of the waveform. By adopting a configuration for detecting the presence or absence of bloating, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of the disease with high sensitivity, high accuracy and deterministicity.

その場合、一軸(一方向)のみの位置変化を検出可能な変位検出手段2によっても、無線センサ端末Bの長軸方向と略一致する軸方向における位置変化を検知できる。但し、二軸(XY軸の二方向)又は三軸(XYZ軸の三方向)の位置変化を検出可能な変位検出手段2を用いることで、牛個体Cの動作・移動や、牛第一胃C1内での無線センサ端末Bの移動・回転・向きなども検知できるため、それらを考慮した判定が可能となり、同疾患の発症有無の検出確度をより高めることができる。   In that case, the displacement detection means 2 that can detect a change in position of only one axis (one direction) can also detect a change in position in the axial direction substantially coincident with the long axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal B. However, by using the displacement detection means 2 that can detect changes in the position of two axes (two directions of the XY axes) or three axes (three directions of the XYZ axes) Since the movement, rotation, orientation, and the like of the wireless sensor terminal B within C1 can be detected, it is possible to make a determination in consideration of these, and the detection accuracy of the presence or absence of the disease can be further increased.

この変位検出手段2の測定データの評価は、例えば、一定時間内における波形のピークの大きさや回数、波形の変化量、一定時間内における測定データの積算値などに基づいて行うことができる。   The measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 can be evaluated based on, for example, the magnitude and number of peaks of the waveform within a certain time, the amount of change in the waveform, the integrated value of the measurement data within the certain time, and the like.

正常時(第一胃鼓脹症を発症していない時)には、無線センサ端末Bの長軸方向と略一致する軸方向の位置変化を表す波形が大きく変動し、ピークが現れる。この波形の変動は、牛個体Cの行動状態によって異なり、採食時に最も大きく、反芻時、休息時の順に低くなるが、いずれの行動状態の場合においても、波形の変動を検知できる。一方、第一胃鼓脹症発症時には、波形のピークが消失し、変動も小さくなる。そこで、例えば、測定データの波形が正常時の波形と異なる場合に、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の可能性があると判定するようにすることで、牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を早期に検出することができる。   When normal (when ruminal bloating has not developed), the waveform representing the positional change in the axial direction substantially coincident with the long axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal B greatly fluctuates and a peak appears. The fluctuation of the waveform varies depending on the behavioral state of the cow individual C, and is the largest at the time of foraging and decreases in the order of rumination and resting. However, the fluctuation of the waveform can be detected in any behavioral state. On the other hand, at the onset of ruminal bloating, the peak of the waveform disappears and the fluctuation becomes small. Therefore, for example, by determining that there is a possibility of developing ruminal bloating when the waveform of the measurement data is different from the normal waveform, the presence or absence of ruminal bloating in cattle Can be detected early.

変位検出手段2が圧電効果による電荷の変化によりセンサ質量部分の変位を計測する構造である場合、例えば、CPU5において、加速度によって圧電素子に発生した出力電圧が予め設定された閾値を越えた回数をカウントし、予め設定した数値にそのカウント数が達した場合に、無線送信手段4にその旨若しくは測定データを送信する構成にしてもよい。この場合、データの送信頻度で、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を判定する。この場合、イベントドリブン方式となるため、無線送信のために使用する電力を低減できるため、消費電力を更に大幅に低減できる。   When the displacement detection means 2 is configured to measure the displacement of the sensor mass portion due to a change in charge due to the piezoelectric effect, for example, in the CPU 5, the number of times that the output voltage generated in the piezoelectric element due to acceleration exceeds a preset threshold value is calculated. A configuration may be adopted in which, when the count reaches a preset numerical value, that fact or measurement data is transmitted to the wireless transmission means 4. In this case, the presence / absence of ruminal bloating is determined based on the data transmission frequency. In this case, since it is an event driven system, the power used for wireless transmission can be reduced, so that the power consumption can be further greatly reduced.

変換回路3は、変位検出手段2の測定データを直流に変換する部位であり、変位検出手段2の測定データを直流出力として得られない場合に配置する。その他、変位検出手段2の測定データがアナログである場合には、ADコンバータなどを、変位検出手段2の測定データが微弱である場合には、増幅器などを、それぞれ併せて配置してもよい。   The conversion circuit 3 is a part that converts the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 into a direct current, and is arranged when the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 cannot be obtained as a direct current output. In addition, when the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 is analog, an AD converter or the like may be arranged together, and when the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 is weak, an amplifier or the like may be arranged together.

無線送信手段4は、変位検出手段2の測定データを牛個体Cの体外へ送信する部位である。無線送信手段4としては、公知のものを広く用いることができ、特に限定されない。無線送信手段4によるデータの送信頻度を多くすることで、測定データの正確性を増加させることができる一方、送信頻度を減らすことで、消費電力を低減でき、長期間に亘る測定が可能になる。   The wireless transmission means 4 is a part that transmits the measurement data of the displacement detection means 2 to the outside of the bovine individual C. As the wireless transmission means 4, known devices can be widely used and are not particularly limited. Increasing the frequency of data transmission by the wireless transmission means 4 can increase the accuracy of measurement data, while reducing the transmission frequency can reduce power consumption and enable long-term measurements. .

電源部7は、無線センサ端末B内の電子部品の電力供給源である。電源部7としては、公知のものを広く用いることができ、特に限定されない。例えば、変位検出手段2が圧電体を用いて位置変化を検出する構造である場合、電源部7を、圧電体に負荷された圧力によって圧電素子に発生した出力電圧を蓄電できるものとすることにより、消費電力を更に大幅に低減できる。   The power supply unit 7 is a power supply source for electronic components in the wireless sensor terminal B. As the power supply unit 7, known ones can be widely used and are not particularly limited. For example, when the displacement detection means 2 has a structure that detects a change in position using a piezoelectric body, the power supply unit 7 can store the output voltage generated in the piezoelectric element due to the pressure applied to the piezoelectric body. The power consumption can be further greatly reduced.

<本発明に係る牛第一胃鼓脹症検出方法>
本発明は、上記の牛第一胃鼓脹症検出システムによるものを含め、略筒形状で、重量密度1.8gf/cm3以上であり、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段及び該変位検出手段の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備えた無線センサ端末を経口投与により牛の第一胃内に留置させ、該牛個体の体外で前記変位検出手段の測定データを取得し、前記測定データの変動を検知することによって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法を全て包含する。
<Method for detecting bovine rumen bloating according to the present invention>
The present invention includes a displacement detecting means capable of detecting a change in position, having a substantially cylindrical shape and having a weight density of 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more, including the above-described bovine rumen bloating detection system, and measurement of the displacement detecting means A wireless sensor terminal equipped with wireless transmission means for wirelessly transmitting data is placed in the rumen of a cow by oral administration, measurement data of the displacement detection means is obtained outside the body of the cow individual, and fluctuations in the measurement data This includes all methods for detecting ruminal bloating in cattle by detecting the presence or absence of onset of ruminal bloat by detecting

この方法により、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無の監視を長期間に亘って日常的に行うことが可能となり、また、高感度、高精度かつ確定的に検出することが可能になる。   By this method, it becomes possible to monitor the presence or absence of ruminal bloating on a daily basis over a long period of time, and to detect with high sensitivity, high accuracy and deterministic.

上述の通り、例えば、前記測定データとして、前記無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向における位置変化を経時的に表す波形を取得し、該波形の変動を検知することによって牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する構成とすることにより、高感度、高精度かつ確定的に同疾患の発症の有無を検出できる。   As described above, for example, as the measurement data, a waveform representing a change in position in the axial direction substantially coincident with the major axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal is acquired over time, and the variation of the cow is detected by detecting the fluctuation of the waveform. By adopting a configuration for detecting the onset of ruminal bloating, the presence or absence of the disease can be detected with high sensitivity, high accuracy, and deterministicity.

この牛第一胃鼓脹症検出方法では、前記無線センサ端末より送信された前記測定データを受信するとともに該受信データをデータ処理手段へ送信する中継手順を含む構成にしてもよい。これにより、無線センサ端末から無線送信を行う際の電力消費を低減できるため、無線センサ端末を、牛第一胃内に留置させたまま長期間に亘って作動させることが可能になる。   The bovine rumen bloating detection method may include a relay procedure for receiving the measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal and transmitting the received data to the data processing means. Thereby, since power consumption at the time of performing wireless transmission from the wireless sensor terminal can be reduced, the wireless sensor terminal can be operated for a long period of time while being left in the cow rumen.

その他、前記変位検出手段が、有機圧電薄膜で形成された圧電体を備え、圧電効果による電荷の変化により位置変化を検出する構造である場合、消費電力をより低減化でき、より長期間に亘って無線センサ端末Bを作動させることが可能となる、より高精度かつ高感度な加速度の検知が可能となる、などの利点がある。   In addition, when the displacement detection means includes a piezoelectric body formed of an organic piezoelectric thin film and detects a change in position due to a change in charge due to the piezoelectric effect, the power consumption can be further reduced, and a longer period of time can be achieved. Thus, there are advantages such that the wireless sensor terminal B can be operated and acceleration can be detected with higher accuracy and higher sensitivity.

実施例1では、加速度センサによって、第一胃収縮運動を検出できるかどうかを調べた。   In Example 1, it was examined whether or not the rumen contraction movement could be detected by the acceleration sensor.

本発明に係る無線センサ端末を試作した。電子基板上に、市販の三軸加速度センサ(商品名「CMA3000-D01」、Murata Electronics社製)、その測定データを送信する無線送信回路及びアンテナ、電池を実装し、その電子基板を、長さ80mm、直径35mmの円筒形の容器内に固定して収容した。また、実験室内に、無線センサ端末より送信された測定データを受信するとともにその受信データをコンピュータへ送信する中継器を準備し、測定データを記録・出力するコンピュータに接続した。そして、加速度センサの測定データを、コンピュータで記録した。   A wireless sensor terminal according to the present invention was prototyped. A commercially available three-axis acceleration sensor (trade name “CMA3000-D01”, manufactured by Murata Electronics), a wireless transmission circuit that transmits the measurement data, an antenna, and a battery are mounted on the electronic board. The container was fixed and accommodated in a cylindrical container having a diameter of 80 mm and a diameter of 35 mm. In addition, a repeater that receives measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal and transmits the received data to a computer is prepared in the laboratory, and is connected to a computer that records and outputs the measurement data. And the measurement data of the acceleration sensor were recorded with the computer.

Force transducer法は、外科手術により消化管などにForce transducerを直接縫着して消化管などの収縮運動を導出する方法で、消化管運動を導出する試験において、従来用いられている方法である。この方法を参照して、外科手術により、供試牛の第一胃にフィステルを形成するとともに、Force transducerを縫着し、測定を行った。その結果、Force transducerによって、第一胃収縮運動を記録することができた。   The force transducer method is a method that is used in a test for deriving gastrointestinal motility by a method of deriving the contractile motion of the gastrointestinal tract by directly sewing the force transducer to the gastrointestinal tract by surgery. With reference to this method, a fistula was formed in the rumen of the test cow by surgery, and a force transducer was sewn, and measurement was performed. As a result, the force transducer was able to record the ruminal contraction movement.

次に、試作した無線センサ端末をフィステルより第一胃内に投入して留置させ、無線センサ端末による加速度の測定を行うとともに、Force transducerによる測定も同時に行った。   Next, the prototype wireless sensor terminal was placed in the rumen through the fistula, and the acceleration was measured by the wireless sensor terminal, and the measurement by the force transducer was performed at the same time.

結果を図3に示す。図3は、本発明に係る無線センサ端末による加速度の測定結果とForce transducerによる測定結果を重ね合わせたグラフである。図3中の横軸は時間の経過を(単位:min)、左側の縦軸は無線センサ端末による測定値(加速度、単位:unit(50 unit=9.8m/S2と設定した値、以下同じ))を、右側の縦軸はForce transducerによる測定値(収縮力、単位:g)を、それぞれ表わす。また、図1中の符号R1は無線センサ端末による加速度の経時的変化を表す波形であり、三軸加速度センサによる複数の軸方向の測定データのうち、無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向の加速度変化を表す波形である。符号T1はForce transducerによる測定値の経時的変化を表す波形である。図1中の丸で囲まれた部分(例えば、符号a)は、無線センサ端末による加速度の波形とForce transducerによる測定値の波形が同調している部分を表す。 The results are shown in Figure 3. FIG. 3 is a graph in which the measurement result of acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal according to the present invention and the measurement result by Force transducer are superimposed. The horizontal axis in Fig. 3 represents the passage of time (unit: min), the left vertical axis represents the measured value by the wireless sensor terminal (acceleration, unit: unit (50 unit = 9.8m / S 2 set value, and so on) )), And the vertical axis on the right represents the measured value (contracting force, unit: g) by the force transducer. In addition, symbol R1 in FIG. 1 is a waveform representing a change with time of acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal, and substantially coincides with the major axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal among the measurement data in a plurality of axial directions by the triaxial acceleration sensor. It is a waveform showing the acceleration change of an axial direction. A symbol T1 is a waveform representing a change with time of a measurement value obtained by the Force transducer. A circled portion (for example, symbol a) in FIG. 1 represents a portion where the waveform of the acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal and the waveform of the measurement value by the Force transducer are synchronized.

図3に示す通り、無線センサ端末による三軸の加速度の波形のうち、無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向の加速度変化を表す波形と、Force transducerによる測定値の波形は高度に同調して出現することが分かった。   As shown in Fig. 3, among the three-axis acceleration waveforms generated by the wireless sensor terminal, the waveform representing the acceleration change in the axial direction that approximately matches the major axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal and the waveform of the measurement value measured by the Force transducer are highly advanced. It turns out that it appears synchronously.

この結果は、加速度センサによる三軸の加速度の波形のうち、無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向の加速度変化を表す波形が第一胃収縮運動に同調すること、即ち、牛の第一胃内に加速度センサを留置させることで、第一胃収縮運動を検知することができることを示す。   This result shows that, among the three-axis acceleration waveforms by the acceleration sensor, the waveform representing the acceleration change in the axial direction substantially coincident with the major axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal is synchronized with the rumen contraction motion, It shows that a rumen contraction movement can be detected by placing an acceleration sensor in the rumen.

実施例2では、加速度センサによって、牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出することができるかどうかを検証した。   In Example 2, it was verified whether or not the onset of ruminal bloating in cattle can be detected by the acceleration sensor.

図4は、実施例1の供試牛の第一胃内に、実施例1で試作した無線センサ端末を留置させ、加速度の経時的変化を記録したグラフである。図4中の横軸は時間の経過を(単位:min)、左側の縦軸は無線センサ端末による測定値(加速度、単位:unit)を表す。また、同図中の符号R2は、無線センサ端末による加速度の経時的変化を表す波形である。図4に示す通り、測定時間の全体において概ね1分間に1〜3回程度のピークが検出された。   FIG. 4 is a graph in which the wireless sensor terminal prototyped in Example 1 was placed in the rumen of the test cow of Example 1 and the change in acceleration over time was recorded. The horizontal axis in FIG. 4 represents the passage of time (unit: min), and the left vertical axis represents the measurement value (acceleration, unit: unit) measured by the wireless sensor terminal. Moreover, the symbol R2 in the figure is a waveform representing the change with time of acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal. As shown in FIG. 4, approximately 1 to 3 peaks were detected per minute over the entire measurement time.

一方、図5は、実施例1の供試牛の第一胃収縮運動を停止させて第一胃鼓脹症を再現させ、その第一胃内に、実施例1で試作した無線センサ端末を留置させ、加速度の経時的変化を記録したグラフである。図5中の横軸は時間の経過を(単位:min)、左側の縦軸は無線センサ端末による測定値(加速度、単位:unit)を表す。また、同図中の符号R3は、無線センサ端末による加速度の経時的変化を表す波形である。図5に示す通り、第一胃鼓脹症を再現させた場合、測定データの波形において、明瞭なピークが検出されなかった。   On the other hand, FIG. 5 stopped the rumen contraction movement of the test cow of Example 1 to reproduce bloating, and the wireless sensor terminal prototyped in Example 1 was placed in the rumen. It is a graph which recorded the change with time of acceleration. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the passage of time (unit: min), and the left vertical axis represents the measurement value (acceleration, unit: unit) measured by the wireless sensor terminal. In addition, a symbol R3 in the figure is a waveform representing a change with time of acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal. As shown in FIG. 5, when ruminal bloating was reproduced, no clear peak was detected in the waveform of the measurement data.

この結果は、牛の第一胃内に加速度センサを留置させることで、第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出することができることを示す。   This result shows that the presence or absence of ruminal bloating can be detected by placing an acceleration sensor in the rumen of a cow.

実施例3では、無線センサ端末の重量密度と、第一胃内における留置時間との関係を検討した。   In Example 3, the relationship between the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal and the indwelling time in the rumen was examined.

それぞれ、重量密度を1.3gf/cm3、1.5gf/cm3、2.0gf/cm3に調整した無線センサ端末を供試牛に経口投与した。 Wireless sensor terminals with weight densities adjusted to 1.3 gf / cm 3 , 1.5 gf / cm 3 and 2.0 gf / cm 3 were orally administered to the test cows, respectively.

その結果、無線センサ端末Bの重量密度を1.3gf/cm3に調整した場合、無線センサ端末は経口投与の約3日後に肛門より排出され、1.5gf/cm3に調整した場合、無線センサ端末Bは経口投与の37日後に肛門より排出された。一方、無線センサ端末の重量密度を2.0gf/cm3に調整した場合は、無線センサ端末は経口投与後長期間に亘って第一胃C1内に留置された。 As a result, when the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal B is adjusted to 1.3 gf / cm 3 , the wireless sensor terminal is discharged from the anus about 3 days after oral administration, and when adjusted to 1.5 gf / cm 3 , the wireless sensor terminal B was excreted from the anus 37 days after oral administration. On the other hand, when the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal was adjusted to 2.0 gf / cm 3 , the wireless sensor terminal was left in the rumen C1 for a long period after oral administration.

この結果より、無線センサ端末の重量密度を調整することにより、第一胃内における無線センサ端末の留置時間を調節できること、及び、無線センサ端末の重量密度を1.8gf/cm3以上に調整することで無線センサ端末を長期間に亘って第一胃内に留置させることができることが分かった。 From this result, it is possible to adjust the indwelling time of the wireless sensor terminal in the rumen by adjusting the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal, and to adjust the weight density of the wireless sensor terminal to 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more. Thus, it was found that the wireless sensor terminal can be placed in the rumen for a long period of time.

本発明に係る牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出システムの全体構成の例を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the example of the whole structure of the ruminal bloating detection system of the cow which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る無線センサ端末の内部構成の例を示す模式図。The schematic diagram which shows the example of an internal structure of the wireless sensor terminal which concerns on this invention. 実施例1において、本発明に係る無線センサ端末による加速度の測定結果とForce transducerによる測定結果を重ね合わせたグラフ。In Example 1, the graph which superimposed the measurement result of the acceleration by the wireless sensor terminal which concerns on this invention, and the measurement result by Force transducer. 実施例2において、正常牛の第一胃内に無線センサ端末を留置させた場合における加速度の経時的変化を記録したグラフ。In Example 2, the graph which recorded the time-dependent change of the acceleration at the time of putting a wireless sensor terminal in the rumen of a normal cow. 実施例2において、実験的に第一胃鼓脹症を発症させた牛の第一胃内に無線センサ端末を留置させた場合における加速度の経時的変化を記録したグラフ。In Example 2, the graph which recorded the time-dependent change of the acceleration at the time of having detained the wireless sensor terminal in the rumen of the cow which experimentally developed ruminal bloating.

1 容器
2 変位検出手段
3 変換回路
4 無線送信手段
5 CPU
6 記憶部
7 電源部
A 牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出システム
B 支持体
I 中継手段
S データ処理手段
1 container
2 Displacement detection means
3 Conversion circuit
4 Wireless transmission means
5 CPU
6 Memory unit
7 Power supply
A Cattle rumen bloating detection system
B Support
I Relay means
S Data processing means

Claims (6)

略筒形状で、重量密度1.8gf/cm3以上であり、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段及び該変位検出手段の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備えた無線センサ端末を経口投与により牛の第一胃内に留置させ、該牛個体の体外で前記変位検出手段の測定データを取得し、前記測定データの変動を検知することによって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法。 An orally administered wireless sensor terminal having a substantially cylindrical shape and having a weight density of 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more and comprising a displacement detection means capable of detecting a change in position and a wireless transmission means for wirelessly transmitting measurement data of the displacement detection means. Of the cow for detecting the onset of ruminal bloating by obtaining the measurement data of the displacement detection means outside the body of the bovine individual and detecting the fluctuation of the measurement data Rumen bloating detection method. 前記測定データとして、前記無線センサ端末の長軸方向と略一致する軸方向における位置変化を経時的に表す波形を取得し、該波形の変動を検知することによって牛の第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する請求項1記載の牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法。   As the measurement data, a waveform representing a change in position in the axial direction substantially coincident with the long axis direction of the wireless sensor terminal is acquired over time, and the onset of ruminal bloating in cattle by detecting the fluctuation of the waveform 2. The method for detecting ruminal bloating in cattle according to claim 1, wherein the presence or absence of the gas is detected. 前記無線センサ端末より送信された前記測定データを受信するとともに該受信データをデータ処理手段へ送信する中継手順を含む請求項1又は請求項2記載の牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出方法。   3. The method for detecting ruminal bloating in cattle according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a relay procedure for receiving the measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal and transmitting the received data to a data processing means. 前記変位検出手段が、有機圧電薄膜で形成された圧電体を備え、圧電効果による電荷の変化により位置変化を検出する構造である請求項1〜3のいずれか一項記載の牛の鼓脹症検出方法。   4. Cattle bloating detection according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the displacement detecting means includes a piezoelectric body formed of an organic piezoelectric thin film and detects a change in position by a change in electric charge due to a piezoelectric effect. Method. 前記変位検出手段が加速度センサである請求項1〜4のいずれか一項記載の牛の鼓脹症検出方法。   The cow bloating detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the displacement detection means is an acceleration sensor. 略筒形状で、重量密度1.8gf/cm3以上であり、位置変化を検出できる変位検出手段及び該変位検出手段の測定データを無線送信する無線送信手段を備え、牛への経口投与により第一胃内に留置させる経口投与型の無線センサ端末と、
前記無線センサ端末より送信された前記測定データを受信するとともに該受信データをデータ管理手段へ送信する中継手段と、
前記中継手段より送信された前記測定データを処理するデータ処理手段と、を備え、
前記測定データの変動を検知することによって第一胃鼓脹症の発症の有無を検出する牛の第一胃鼓脹症検出システム。
It has a substantially cylindrical shape, a weight density of 1.8 gf / cm 3 or more, a displacement detection means capable of detecting a change in position, and a wireless transmission means for wirelessly transmitting measurement data of the displacement detection means. An oral administration type wireless sensor terminal to be placed in the stomach;
A relay unit that receives the measurement data transmitted from the wireless sensor terminal and transmits the received data to a data management unit;
Data processing means for processing the measurement data transmitted from the relay means,
A bovine rumen bloating detection system that detects the presence or absence of rumen bloating by detecting fluctuations in the measurement data.
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