JP2016144299A - Power storage system using storage battery module - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable a power storage system using a storage battery to use, in an emergency, all amount of power storage capacity originally possessed by the power storage system, by avoiding deterioration of the storage battery.SOLUTION: A power storage system includes at least three storage battery modules 10. In each predetermined period at a normal time, the power storage system supplies power from a power storage module 10 selected in predetermined order to a load while making a power supply charge a storage battery module 10 that has supplied power to the load in the immediately previous period to sequentially refresh the storage battery modules 10 at the normal time, making all power charged in the storage battery modules 10 be available in an emergency.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric power storage system using a storage battery module, and more particularly to an electric power storage system that is installed in an evacuation site or the like and used as a backup power source in an emergency when commercial power is lost.

  As a storage battery control system, in normal times when the power supply is not lost, the range related to charge / discharge operation of one storage battery module is limited, and the storage battery is charged / discharged according to the limited range, in case of emergency when the power supply is lost Further, there is known a method in which the limit range of charge / discharge operation is set to a range that is relaxed from the limit range in normal times, and the power that can be charged to the storage battery and the power that can be discharged from the storage battery are increased (for example, Patent Document 1). ).

  As a solar power generation system equipped with a storage battery, in preparation for nighttime independent operation in the event of a system power outage, in order to achieve an appropriate load supply electric energy that secures the storage battery recovery charge energy in the daytime independent operation, Automatically controls the number of lights in the emergency lighting according to the load power of the power outlet, supplies power to the emergency load while recovering the storage battery module by daytime photovoltaic power generation, What completes the recovery charge by generated electric power is known (for example, patent document 2).

JP2012-253841A JP2013-162717A

  However, in the storage battery control system as shown in Patent Document 1, since the storage battery is charged and discharged according to a limited range in normal times, charging and discharging in which the storage battery module does not reach full discharge and full charge are repeated in normal times. As a result, the memory effect is caused by the deterioration of the storage battery and repeated recharging.

  Even in the solar power generation system as shown in Patent Document 2, since the storage battery is repeatedly charged and discharged so as not to be fully discharged and fully charged, a memory effect is caused by deterioration of the storage battery and repeated addition charging.

  For this reason, in any system, the long-term use reduces the amount of power stored in the storage battery naturally, and the amount that can be stored in the power storage system in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake (planned storage amount) There is a possibility that the power of the power cannot be used.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to avoid the deterioration of the storage battery in the power storage system using the storage battery, further avoid the memory effect due to repeated addition charging, and the storage battery even in long-term use. It is to make it possible to use all of the power that can be stored in the power storage system in an emergency, without reducing the power storage amount.

  The power storage system according to the present invention charges the storage battery module (10) with at least three storage battery modules (10) and a power source (60), and supplies power to the load (24) from the storage battery module (10). A power storage system including a management device (50) for supplying the storage battery module (10), wherein the management device (50) is selected in a predetermined order at predetermined intervals in normal times. Power is supplied (discharged) to the load (24) from the power source, and the storage battery module (10) that has supplied power to the load (24) in the previous cycle is charged by the power source (60). Thus, the storage battery module (10) is refreshed sequentially in normal times, and the power charged in the storage battery module (10) can be used in an emergency. It is characterized in that was.

  According to this configuration, since all the storage battery modules (10) are refreshed by sequentially discharging and charging in normal times, the storage battery modules (10) are not deteriorated, and the storage battery modules can be used even for a long time. The power storage amount of (10) is not reduced, and in the event of an emergency, all of the power that can be stored in the power storage system can be used.

  The power storage system according to the present invention is preferably characterized in that the period is one day.

  According to this configuration, the storage battery module (10) is refreshed every day, and one storage battery module (10) can be fully charged every day. This cycle is an appropriate cycle with respect to providing power in an emergency without substantially reducing the amount of power storage due to spontaneous discharge and using up the power of one storage battery module (10) within one cycle.

  The power storage system according to the present invention is preferably characterized in that the power source includes a solar power generation device (60).

  According to this configuration, since the storage battery module (10) is charged with the power generated by the solar power generation device (60), the operation cost of the power storage system over a long period of time is low, and the economy is excellent.

  The power storage system according to the present invention preferably has a commercial power source or the like when the solar power generation device (60) corresponds in each cycle, that is, when the storage battery module (10) to be charged cannot be fully charged. The storage battery module (10) is fully charged using another power source.

  According to this configuration, the storage battery module (10) is fully charged within one cycle even when the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device (60) is low due to rain or cloudy sky, so that it is possible to prepare for an unexpected emergency.

  In the power storage system according to the present invention, preferably, in each cycle, when the storage battery module (10) corresponding to the solar power generation device (60) cannot be fully charged, the solar power generation in the next cycle. The device (60) is fully charged.

  According to this configuration, when the power generation amount of the solar power generation device (60) is low due to rain or cloudy sky, the storage battery module (10) is fully charged in the next cycle, so that it is possible to prepare for an unexpected emergency situation.

  In the power storage system according to the present invention, preferably, the solar power generation device (60) performs solar tracking by driving a solar panel by a drive device (70, 72), and the drive device (70, 72). The power source is a commercial power source in the normal time, and is the storage battery module (10) in the emergency, and the solar power generation device (60) tracks the sun by the driving device (70, 72) in the emergency. The storage battery module (10) is charged in a state.

  According to this configuration, an operation state in which the solar power generation device (60) tracks the sun is ensured even in an emergency, and the storage battery module (10) is favorably charged by the solar power generation device (60).

  The power storage system according to the present invention is preferably characterized in that the load (24) is set to a size at which each storage battery module (10) is substantially fully discharged within each cycle.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to use all the power that can be stored in the power storage system in an emergency, without causing the memory effect due to repeated addition charging.

  According to the power storage system of the present invention, in normal times, all the storage battery modules are refreshed by sequentially repeating discharge and charging, so that the storage battery modules are not deteriorated, and the power of the storage battery modules can be used even for a long period of use. The amount of stockpiling is not reduced, and in the event of an emergency, all the power that can be stockpiled by the power stockpiling system can be used.

The block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the electric power storage system by this invention. The figure which shows the charging / discharging schedule of the storage battery module of the electric power storage system by this embodiment. The figure which shows the screen display of the normal time of the monitor of the electric power storage system by this embodiment. The figure which shows the screen display at the time of emergency of the monitor of the electric power storage system by this embodiment.

  Hereinafter, one embodiment of a power storage system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The power storage system has four storage battery modules 10. Each of the storage battery modules 10 is composed of an assembly of a plurality of lithium ion storage batteries (battery cells), and can be charged and discharged individually for each storage battery module 10. In the following description, in order to specify the storage battery module 10 to be charged / discharged, the four storage battery modules 10 may be described with individual numbers # 1, # 2, # 3, and # 4. .

  To each storage battery module 10 (storage battery modules # 1 to # 4), an individual battery management unit (BMU) 12 is connected. The BMU 12 monitors the voltage, current, temperature, remaining power storage amount, and the like of each storage battery module 10. The BMU 12 is connected to the management device 50 via the gateway 14 via a LAN and transmits information indicating the voltage, current, temperature, remaining amount of storage, and the like of the storage battery module 10 to the management device 50.

  The storage battery module 10 is individually and selectively connected to the input side of the DC / AC inverter 18 for each storage battery module 10 by the discharge switch 16. Further, the PV module 66 of the solar power generation device 60 described later is selectively directly connected to the input side of the DC / AC inverter 18 by the switch 40. A diode 17 having only a current flow from the storage battery module 10 to the DC / AC inverter 18 is connected between the discharge switch 16 of each storage battery module 10 and the DC / AC inverter 18.

  The DC / AC inverter 18 is supplied with DC power from the storage battery module 10 or the solar power generation device 60, performs DC / AC conversion, and has the same voltage (100 V) and AC (50 Hz or 60 Hz) as the AC of the commercial power supply. Output power. A standby power socket 20 connected to an electric load (not shown) is always connected to the output side of the DC / AC inverter 18, and an electric load 24 such as a night lighting device is selectively connected by a switch 22. .

  The electrical load 24 may have a constant daily power consumption, such as a night lighting device, and is set to a size (power consumption) that allows one storage battery module 10 to be fully discharged within a daily cycle. Yes. In other words, the power consumption of the electric load 24 within the daily cycle is determined in advance to a predetermined value, and the storage capacity of one storage battery module 10 is set equal to the daily power consumption of the electric load 24. Yes. When the electrical load 24 is a night lighting device, the switch 22 may be an automatic switch with a light sensor that closes only during a period from sunset to sunrise.

  Further, a DC power supply 52 for the management device and a DC power supply 76 for the PV control device are selectively connected to the output side of the DC / AC inverter 18 by the switch 26.

  The storage battery module 10 is individually and selectively connected to the PV module (solar panel) 66 of the photovoltaic power generator 60 via a diode 68 by a charging switch 28 in parallel with the discharging switch 16 for each storage battery module 10. And connected to the output side of the AC / DC converter 32 via the diode 30. The diode 30 allows only a current flow from the AC / DC converter 32 to the storage battery module 10 to prevent backflow. A diode 29 having only a current flow from the PV module 66 to the storage battery module 10 is connected between the charging switch 28 and the PV module 66 of each storage battery module 10.

  The AC / DC converter 32 is supplied with AC power of 100 V by being selectively connected to the commercial power supply lead-in part 36 by the switch 34, performs AC / DC conversion, and is equivalent to the DC voltage of the photovoltaic power generator 60. The DC power of voltage, in other words, DC power based on the charging voltage of the storage battery module 10 is output to the storage battery module 10. Thereby, the storage battery module 10 is charged by the commercial power source. The commercial power supply lead-in section 36 is selectively connected to the management apparatus DC power supply 52 and the PV control equipment DC power supply 76 by a switch 38.

  The discharging switch 16, the charging switch 28, and the switches 22, 26, 34, 38, and 40 are configured by relay switches, power transistors, and the like.

  The solar power generation device 60 includes a base 62 and a movable frame 64 attached to the base 62 so as to be movable in an elevation angle direction and an azimuth angle. A plurality of PV modules 66 are attached to the movable frame 64 in a lattice arrangement. The PV module 66 is a typical solar cell assembly. Two PV modules 66 connected in series are connected in parallel, and a total of six PV modules 66 are provided. 68 is connected.

  When viewed from the photovoltaic power generation device 60 side, the PV module 66 is selectively connected to the storage battery module 10 by the charging switch 28 and selectively connected to the DC / AC inverter 18 by the switch 40. The diode 68 allows only a current flow from the PV module 66 to the storage battery module 10 or the DC / AC inverter 18 to prevent backflow.

  The movable frame 64 is driven in the elevation direction by an electro-hydraulic actuator for elevation angle 70 by an electric pump and a hydraulic cylinder device, and is also driven in the azimuth direction by an electro-hydraulic actuator for azimuth angle 72. The elevation angle actuator 70 and the azimuth angle actuator 72 are connected to a sun tracking controller 74. The sun tracking controller 74 may be a general one, and uses a DC power supply 76 for PV control equipment as a power source, and controls driving of the elevation angle actuator 70 and the azimuth angle actuator 72 so that the PV module 66 faces the sun. To do.

  The management device (power storage / discharge management device) 50 is configured by a computer and operates by being supplied with power from the DC power supply 52 for the management device. A monitor 54 with a touch panel such as a liquid crystal display panel is connected to the management device 50. The management device 50 inputs information on the voltage, current, temperature, and remaining power of each storage battery module 10 from the BMU 12 via the gateway 14 and monitors the state of the commercial power supply, and the discharge switch 16, the charge switch 28, The switch 22, 26, 38, 40 is controlled to be opened and closed, and the system operation state is displayed on the monitor 54.

  Basically, the management device 50 individually controls the opening and closing of the discharging switch 16 and the charging switch 28 connected to each storage battery module 10, and in normal times when commercial power is normally supplied, Power is supplied to the electrical load 24 and the standby power socket 20 from one storage battery module 10 selected in a predetermined order for each cycle, that is, discharge is performed, and the electrical load 24 and the standby power socket 20 are used in the previous cycle. The storage battery module 10 that supplies power to the battery is charged with the power generated by the solar power generation device 60, and in the event of an emergency when the commercial power supply is lost, all the power charged in the storage battery module 10 is supplied to the electrical load and the standby power socket 20 Available in

  As a result, the power storage system can use 1/4 of the stored power of the entire system per predetermined cycle in a state in which discharging and charging are performed on two different storage battery modules 10 in normal times. In a state where two completed storage battery modules 10 are always present, power is stored for an emergency.

  Since the storage battery module 10 is normally charged by the power generated by the solar power generation device 60, the operation cost is low and excellent economic efficiency can be obtained when the power storage system is used for a long period of time.

  The charging / discharging cycle of the storage battery module 10 may be one day, and the storage battery module 10 to be discharged is changed according to a predetermined order every day, that is, the discharging storage battery module 10 makes a round in four days, and one day before A setting in which the discharged storage battery module 10 is charged is preferable. In the case of the 1-day cycle, as shown in FIG. 2, the storage battery module # 2 is discharged on the next day (one day later) when the storage battery module # 1 is discharged and the storage battery module # 4 is charged today. The battery module # 1 is discharged and charged, and the storage battery module # 3 is discharged and the storage battery module # 2 is charged the next day (2 days later), and the storage battery module # 2 is charged the next day (3 days later). Charge / discharge schedule (rotation) in which the module # 4 is discharged and the storage battery module # 3 is charged, and the storage battery module # 1 is discharged again on the next day (four days later) and the storage battery module # 4 is charged. Is set by the management device 50.

  As a result, during normal times, the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4 are repeatedly discharged and charged every day to refresh the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4, so that deterioration of the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4 is avoided. Even in long-term use, the power storage amount of the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4 does not decrease, and in the event of an unexpected emergency such as an earthquake, all the power that can be stored in the power storage system is stored. The state that can be used is ensured with high reliability. When the storage battery module 10 is refreshed every day, and one storage battery module 10 is fully charged every day, the power as planned has not been produced substantially without causing a reduction in the amount of stored electricity due to spontaneous discharge. It can be said that it is an appropriate cycle with respect to the provision of the battery and the use of the power of one storage battery module 10 every cycle (setting of the storage capacity of one storage battery module 10).

  In normal times, as shown in FIG. 3, of the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4, which storage battery module 10 is discharging and which storage battery module 10 is charging is the storage battery module # The remaining power amounts 1 to # 4 are visually displayed on the monitor 54. Thereby, the manager of the power storage system can easily grasp the state of the power storage system by looking at the monitor 54.

  In the power storage system of the present embodiment, full discharge (full discharge) and full charge (full charge) are performed in different storage battery modules 10 every one day cycle, so that a memory effect resulting from repeated addition charging occurs. There is no. Because the memory effect does not occur, the power storage amount of the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4 is well avoided reliably even during long-term use, and the power storage system is inherently provided in the event of an unexpected emergency such as an earthquake. The state in which the amount of power that can be stored can be used is further ensured.

  One storage battery module 10 is fully discharged within one day cycle because the electrical load 24 is set to a size that fully discharges one storage battery module 10 within one day cycle. Is called.

  When the single storage battery module 10 to be charged cannot be fully charged in a daily cycle with only the electric power of the solar power generation device 60 on rainy or cloudy days, that is, at the time of sunset (end of charging by the solar power generation device 60) When the single storage battery module 10 to be charged is not fully charged at the time), the switch 34 is closed by the management device 50 after sunset, and the power of the commercial power supply (alternating current) of the commercial power supply unit 36 is AC / The shortage is charged by the electric power converted into a direct current of a predetermined voltage by the DC converter 32.

  As a result, during normal times, the storage battery module 10 to be charged is fully charged within a one-day cycle even on days when the amount of power generated by the solar power generation device 60 is low due to rainy weather or cloudy sky, so as to prepare for an unexpected emergency. Can do. It is economical that charging by a commercial power source is performed by night electricity. In this case, the update time of the daily cycle may be the sunrise time set in the calendar, and low-cost nighttime power can be used effectively. In addition, the charging start time and charging end time of the solar power generation device 60 can be set individually for each month or every four seasons by the touch panel of the monitor 54 or the like.

  In any case, when the battery is fully charged, the charging switch 28 is opened, and overcharging of the storage battery module 10 is prevented.

  When the amount of power generated per day by the solar power generation device 60 is large due to long periods of fine weather and sunshine hours, and the amount of power generation is greater than the amount of power required to fully charge one storage battery module 10, That is, when there is surplus power in the solar power generation device 60, the management device 50 closes the switch 40 and directly connects the solar power generation device 60 to the DC / AC inverter 18. The surplus power (DC) is converted to AC having the same voltage and frequency as the AC of the commercial power supply and supplied to the standby power socket 20. Thereby, when there is surplus power in the solar power generation device 60, the surplus power is effectively consumed by the electrical equipment connected to the standby power socket 20.

  In the event of an emergency when the commercial power supply is lost, the power charged in the storage battery modules # 1 to # 4 can be used sequentially on the screen display of the monitor 54 shown in FIG. 4, that is, the discharge switch 16 One storage battery module # 1 to # 4, which discharges with the closed, can be switched and connected to the DC / AC inverter 18 manually or automatically by a touch panel operation or the like.

  Thereby, in an emergency, the power charged in the two storage battery modules 10 in a fully charged state without causing a memory effect can be used reliably, and furthermore, the storage battery module 10 that was discharged today as needed. In addition, the electric power charged in the storage battery module 10 that has been charged today can also be made available, and an emergency power supply can be ensured reliably. In this way, even in long-term use, in the event of an emergency, all of the power that can be stored in the power storage system can be used, and it can cope with the loss of commercial power over a long period of time due to a disaster. be able to.

  Since the switch 26 is open and the switch 38 is closed in normal times, the commercial power supply unit 36 is supplied with commercial power from the commercial power supply unit 36 to the management device DC power supply 52 and the PV control device DC power supply 76. The sun tracking controller 74, the elevation angle actuator 70, and the azimuth angle actuator 72 operate using a commercial power source as a power source without consuming the power of the storage battery module 10.

  In an emergency, since the switch 38 is opened and the switch 26 is closed, the DC power stored in the storage battery module 10 is converted into AC by the DC / AC inverter 18 in the DC power supply 52 for the management device and the DC power supply 76 for the PV control device. Supplied.

  As a result, even if the commercial power supply is lost, power is supplied to the management device 50, the sun tracking controller 74, the elevation angle actuator 70, and the azimuth angle actuator 72. The actuator 70 and the azimuth angle actuator 72 operate in an operating state in which the sun is tracked, and the storage battery module 10 is efficiently charged. With this charging, the power can be secured by the storage battery module 10 even if the emergency continues.

  Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments and can be deviated from the spirit of the present invention, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. It is possible to change appropriately within the range not to be.

  The number of the storage battery modules 10 may be at least three, and the number of the storage battery modules 10 may be determined according to the necessary power in an emergency. The storage battery module 10 is not limited to a lithium ion storage battery, and may be another type of secondary battery such as a sodium / sulfur battery (NAS battery) or a nickel metal hydride battery. In the above-described embodiment, each BMU 12 manages one storage battery module 10. However, in the case of a large-capacity power storage system, a plurality of storage battery modules 10 are connected to each BMU 12, and each BMU 12 includes a plurality of storage battery modules 10. A system for managing the storage battery module 10 may be used.

  The discharge / charge cycle of the storage battery module 10 is not limited to one day, but may be a cycle of a predetermined time, or a cycle of a predetermined date and time such as 2-3 days or one week. The main charging of the storage battery module 10 may be performed not by the solar power generator 60 but by a commercial power source, wind power generation, or the like. Insufficient charging when one storage battery module 10 cannot be fully charged within a predetermined period by the solar power generation device 60 is not limited to a commercial power source, and can be performed by other power generation devices such as wind power generation. . Further, when one solar battery module 10 cannot be fully charged within a predetermined period in the solar power generation device 60, it can be fully charged by the solar power generation device 60 in the next cycle without depending on other power generation devices. . By not relying on other power generation devices, the system can be simplified and economical.

  In addition, all the components shown in the above embodiment are not necessarily essential, and can be appropriately selected without departing from the gist of the present invention.

10 Battery module 12 Battery management unit (BMU)
14 Gateway 16 Discharge Switch 17 Diode 18 DC / AC Inverter 20 Standby Power Socket 22 Switch 24 Electric Load 26 Switch 28 Charging Switch 29 Diode 30 Diode 32 AC / DC Converter 34 Switch 36 Commercial Power Supply Section 38 Switch 40 Switch 50 Management Device 52 DC power supply for management device 54 Monitor 60 Solar power generation device 62 Base 64 Movable frame 66 PV module 68 Diode 70 Elevation angle actuator 72 Azimuth angle actuator 74 Solar tracking controller 76 DC power supply for PV control equipment

Claims (7)

A power storage system comprising at least three storage battery modules and a management device for charging the storage battery module with a power source and supplying power from the storage battery module to a load,
The management device supplies power to the load from the storage battery module selected in a predetermined order in a predetermined cycle in normal times, and supplies power to the load in the previous cycle. A power storage system characterized by charging the storage battery module with the power source to sequentially refresh the storage battery module in a normal state and making it possible to use the power charged in the storage battery module in an emergency.   The power storage system according to claim 1, wherein the cycle is one day.   The power storage system according to claim 1, wherein the power source includes a solar power generation device.   4. The storage battery module according to claim 3, wherein the storage battery module is fully charged by using another power source when the photovoltaic power generation apparatus is not fully charged in each cycle. 5. Electricity storage system.   4. The electric power according to claim 3, wherein, in each cycle, when the storage battery module to which the solar power generation device corresponds cannot be fully charged, the solar power generation device is fully charged in the next cycle. Stockpile system. The solar power generation device performs solar tracking by driving a solar panel by a driving device,
The power source of the driving device is a commercial power source during the normal time, and is the storage battery module in the emergency, and the solar power generation device charges the storage battery module in an operating state in which the solar power is tracked by the driving device even in the emergency. The power storage system according to claim 3, wherein the power storage system is a power storage system.   The power storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the load is set to a size that allows each storage battery module to be fully discharged within each cycle.

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