JP2016138686A - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shutter-attached ventilation device opening or closing a shutter with a solenoid, in which a self-holding solenoid is used to reduce exiting power of the solenoid consumed while the shutter is open, and the closing operation of the shutter is performed even in power outage.SOLUTION: A ventilation device includes: a low voltage detection circuit 18 detecting drop of commercial power supply voltage; a power storage part (electrolytic capacitor 17) for storing power; and a self-holding solenoid 11 opening/closing a shutter 5. The solenoid 11 is provided with two input terminals for suction and for return, a switch circuit 15 connecting the two input terminals of the electrolytic capacitor 17 and the solenoid 11, and a control circuit (microcomputer 14). The microcomputer 14 can reliably close the shutter even when the power supply is off, by connecting the output of the switch circuit 15 to the suction input terminal for a prescribed period of time when opening the shutter 5, and connecting the output of the switch circuit 15 to the return input terminal for a prescribed period of time when closing the shutter 5.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilator for ventilating room air.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to discharge indoor air, a small-sized ventilation device connected to an exhaust port of a house through an exhaust duct installed on a wall surface of the room and penetrating the wall of the house is used. In such a small ventilation device, a shutter is provided at the suction port. This shutter is used to prevent wind from entering when the ventilation system is stopped.

  In addition, such a conventional ventilator blocks an opening provided in an indoor wall, a pipe attached to the opening, a fan motor that ventilates indoor air through the pipe, and air flowing into the pipe. A shutter capable of opening and closing, an opening / closing driving means for opening / closing the shutter, and a control unit for controlling energization to the opening / closing driving means. After the opening / closing driving means opens the shutter, the power applied to the opening / closing driving means is reduced from the power for opening the shutter to the power for maintaining the shutter open state.

  A solenoid is used as a drive source for opening and closing the shutter. A solenoid is a functional component that converts electric energy into mechanical motion using electromagnetic force. In the conventional ventilator, the movable part connected to the shutter body is operated in conjunction with the ON / OFF of the solenoid to open and close the shutter (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2008-39313 A

  In such a conventional ventilator, during operation of the ventilator, in order to maintain the open state of the shutter, the always-open / close driving means is energized and electric power for that is required. In order to solve this problem, a self-holding solenoid that is energized only when the shutter is opened or closed may be used.

  The self-holding solenoid is equipped with two input terminals for suction and return. When opening the shutter, the instantaneous input voltage is applied to the suction input to turn on the solenoid. The ON state of the solenoid is maintained without energization by the action of a permanent magnet built in the solenoid.

  However, when the self-holding solenoid is used, when the power supply voltage is cut, the voltage for closing the shutter, that is, the voltage that must be applied to the return input terminal is also cut off at the same time. Therefore, for example, when a power failure occurs during operation of the ventilator, there is a problem that the shutter remains open.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation device that can reliably close the shutter when the power supply voltage is OFF even when a self-holding solenoid is used.

In order to achieve this object, the present invention
A ventilator having a blower and a shutter that opens and closes a ventilation path,
A drive circuit for driving the blower;
A DC conversion circuit for converting commercial power supply voltage to DC,
A low voltage detection circuit for detecting a drop in the commercial power supply voltage;
A power storage unit for storing output power of the DC converter circuit;
A self-holding solenoid that opens and closes the shutter;
The solenoid has two input terminals for suction and return,
A switching circuit for connecting the power storage unit and the two input terminals of the solenoid;
A control circuit for controlling the drive circuit and the switching circuit;
The control circuit includes:
When opening the shutter, the output of the switching circuit is connected to the suction input terminal for a predetermined time,
When closing the shutter, the output of the switching circuit is connected to the input terminal for return for a predetermined time,
This achieves the intended purpose.

According to the present invention,
The low voltage detection circuit detects that the power supply voltage to the ventilator is OFF, and the control circuit controls the switching circuit based on a signal from the low voltage detection circuit to connect the power storage unit and the solenoid input terminal for a predetermined time.

  Thus, when the power supply voltage is OFF, the shutter can be reliably closed by turning off the solenoid using the power of the power storage unit even if the power supply voltage is not supplied.

The block diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of the ventilation apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the ventilation apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. Schematic of the structure of the electric circuit of the ventilator of Embodiment 1 of this invention Configuration diagram of switching circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention

The ventilator of the present invention is a ventilator having a shutter that opens and closes a blower and a ventilation path,
A drive circuit that drives the blower, a DC conversion circuit that converts commercial power supply voltage into direct current, a low voltage detection circuit that detects a drop in commercial power supply voltage, and power storage for storing output power of the DC conversion circuit And a self-holding solenoid for opening and closing the shutter, the solenoid having two input terminals for suction and return, and a switching circuit for connecting the power storage unit and the two input terminals of the solenoid; A control circuit for controlling the drive circuit and the switching circuit, and the control circuit connects the output of the switching circuit to the suction input terminal for a predetermined time and closes the shutter when the shutter is opened. In this case, the output of the switching circuit is connected to the return input terminal for a predetermined time.

  When the power supply voltage to the ventilator is turned off, the low voltage detection circuit detects the power supply voltage OFF, and the control circuit controls the switching circuit according to the signal from the low voltage detection circuit to connect the power storage unit and the solenoid input terminal for a predetermined time. Connecting.

  Thereby, even if the power supply voltage is not supplied to the ventilation device when the power supply voltage is turned off, the solenoid can be turned off using the power of the power storage unit, and the shutter can be reliably closed.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 shows an indoor arrangement of a ventilation device 1 according to the present embodiment.

  As shown in the figure, the ventilation device 1 is attached to a wall for the purpose of exhausting indoor air.

  The wall switch 2 is a switch embedded in the wall and is a switch for starting and stopping the ventilation device 1.

  In FIG. 1, the wall switch 2 is installed on the same wall surface as the ventilation device 1, but there is no problem even if it is installed in an arbitrary place where the user can easily use it.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the main body of the ventilation device 1.

  The ventilator 1 includes a front grill 4, a shutter 5, a blade 6, a main body frame 7, an electrical component 8, and a motor 9 that are covers for the main body of the ventilator 1.

  The front grill 4 has an opening, that is, a slit, and serves as an air inlet for the room, and is provided on the indoor side. The blower 10 includes a motor 9 and blades 6 attached to the rotation shaft thereof. The blower 10 is fixed to the ventilation path portion of the main body frame 7. The shutter 5 opens and closes the ventilation path from the suction port provided in the front grille 4 to the exhaust port to the outside. In the present embodiment, it is provided on the back side of the front grill 4, that is, between the front grill 4 and the blower 10. The shutter 5 opens and closes in conjunction with the start and stop of the blower 10, and is opened when the blower 10 is started, and is closed when the blower 10 is stopped to prevent wind from entering the room from the outside.

  Although not shown, the shutter 5 is mechanically connected to the solenoid 11 and is configured to open and close when the solenoid 11 is turned on / off. That is, the operation of the ventilator 1 is stopped by interlocking the operations of the solenoid 11 and the blower 10.

  The electrical unit 8 is attached to the main body frame 7 and controls the solenoid 11 and the blower 10.

  Next, the configuration and function of the electrical circuit of the ventilation device 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The electrical circuit of the electrical unit 8 includes a rectifying / smoothing circuit 12, a switching circuit 13, a microcomputer 14, a switching circuit 15, a drive circuit 16, an electrolytic capacitor 17, and a low voltage detection circuit 18.

  A rectifying / smoothing circuit 12 serving as a direct current conversion circuit converts alternating current supplied from a commercial power source into direct current. The switching circuit 13 converts the output of the rectifying and smoothing circuit 12 into a low-voltage direct current and outputs a voltage applied to the solenoid 11.

  The solenoid 11 is a self-holding solenoid and has two input terminals, a suction input terminal A and a return input terminal B. As an operation of the solenoid 11, when an instantaneous voltage is applied to the suction input terminal A, the solenoid 11 is turned on, and when an instantaneous voltage is applied to the return input terminal B with the solenoid 11 turned on, the solenoid 11 is turned off.

  The switching circuit 15 is a circuit that connects the electrolytic capacitor 17 and the suction input terminal A or the return input terminal B of the solenoid 11.

  The drive circuit 16 starts and stops the blower 10. The microcomputer 14 of the control circuit controls the switching circuit 15 and the drive circuit 16.

  The electrolytic capacitor 17 serving as a power storage unit is a part that stores electric charge as electric energy. Further, the electrolytic capacitor 17 accumulates electric energy and also plays a role of smoothing the output of the switching circuit 13. The voltage supply to the microcomputer 14 is configured to be supplied from the electrolytic capacitor 17 because the microcomputer 14 must continue its operation for a certain time even when the power supply voltage is OFF.

  The low voltage detection circuit 18 is a circuit that monitors the presence or absence of a power supply voltage, and its output is connected to the microcomputer 14. That is, the microcomputer 14 can identify whether the power supply voltage to the ventilator 1 is ON or OFF.

  Next, the circuit operation of the electric circuit and the operation at the start of the ventilation device 1 will be described.

  First, when the wall switch 2 is turned on, a power supply voltage is supplied to the ventilator 1, and the supplied power supply voltage is converted from AC to 141 V by the rectifying and smoothing circuit 12.

  The converted DC voltage (141V) is converted into a DC low voltage (for example, 5 to 24V in the present embodiment) by the switching circuit 13, and the output voltage charges the electrolytic capacitor 17 and is supplied to the microcomputer 14. Is done.

  When the microcomputer 14 recognizes that the power supply voltage is turned on and the ventilation device 1 is turned on by a signal from the low voltage detection circuit 18, the microcomputer 14 turns on the drive circuit 16 to drive the blower 10 and controls the switching circuit 15 to perform electrolysis. The capacitor 17 and the suction input terminal A of the solenoid 11 are connected for a predetermined time.

  When a voltage is applied to the suction input terminal A, the solenoid 11 is turned ON, and the ON state is fixed in the ON state by the action of a permanent magnet built in the solenoid 11.

  By this series of operations, the solenoid 11 is turned on to open the shutter 5, the blower 10 is operated, and the ventilator 1 starts to exhaust. Since the solenoid 11 is a self-holding type, once it is turned on, no further excitation power is required, and the power consumption by the solenoid 11 while the shutter is open can be reduced to zero.

  The drive circuit 16 uses a semiconductor such as a triac or a relay circuit.

  When a voltage is applied to the suction input terminal A, the solenoid 11 is turned on, and the driving state of the solenoid is fixed in the ON state by the action of a permanent magnet built in the solenoid 11.

  Next, the operation when the power supply voltage to the ventilator 1 is turned off will be described.

  First, when the wall switch 2 is used to turn off the ventilator 1, the power supply to the ventilator 1 is cut off. Then, the blower 10 is stopped, and the microcomputer 14 recognizes that the power supply voltage is turned off by the output from the low voltage detection circuit 18.

  Recognizing that the power supply voltage is turned off, the microcomputer 14 controls the switching circuit 15 to connect the electrolytic capacitor 17 and the return input terminal B of the solenoid 11 for a predetermined time. The solenoid 11 to which a voltage is applied to the return input terminal B is turned off from ON by the action of the permanent magnet due to the action of the electromagnetic force when the return input terminal is energized. By this series of operations, the blower 10 is stopped, the shutter is closed, and the ventilator 1 stops exhausting.

  The electrolytic capacitor 17 has a capacitance that accumulates electric energy sufficient to continue applying a voltage to the return input terminal B of the solenoid 11 for a predetermined time even after the power supply voltage is turned off.

  Next, FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the switching circuit 15.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the switching circuit 15 is configured by a circuit using two a contacts (contact 15a and contact 15b).

  When the solenoid 11 is turned on, the internal contact on the suction input terminal side of the switching circuit 15 is turned on by the instruction of the microcomputer 14 to connect the suction input terminal A and the electrolytic capacitor 17 for a predetermined time. When the solenoid 11 is turned off, according to an instruction from the microcomputer 14, the contact on the return input terminal side is turned on and the return input terminal B and the electrolytic capacitor 17 are connected for a predetermined time.

  Except when the solenoid 11 is turned on or off, both the contact 15a and the contact 15b are turned off (opened) so that the electrolytic capacitor 17 is not connected to the suction input terminal A and the return input terminal B.

  The switching circuit 13 outputs a voltage until the power supply voltage is turned off simultaneously with the power supply voltage being turned on, so that the electrolytic capacitor 17 is always charged. That is, when the ventilation device 1 is turned on, the electrolytic capacitor 17 is sufficiently charged in a short time. Since the electric energy stored in the electrolytic capacitor 17 is fully charged while the power supply voltage is ON, power for reliably returning the solenoid 11 can be supplied whenever the power supply voltage is turned OFF.

  As described above, the ventilator 1 of the present embodiment stores electric energy in the electrolytic capacitor 17 when the power is turned on, and when the ventilator 1 is stopped, the electrolytic capacitor 17 is returned to the self-holding solenoid 11. Connect to the input terminal for a predetermined time. That is, when the ventilator 1 is stopped, the solenoid 11 is restored using the electric power of the electrolytic capacitor 17. Therefore, even if the voltage supply is cut off, the return operation of the self-holding solenoid 11 can be performed and the shutter can be closed.

  Also, with this configuration, the self-holding solenoid can be applied to open / close the shutter. Therefore, it is not necessary to energize the solenoid 11 in order to maintain the open state when the shutter is opened, and it is possible to provide a ventilator that reduces power consumption.

  In the present invention, the electrolytic capacitor 17 is provided on the output side of the switching circuit 13 as a power storage unit. However, a capacitor is often used for the rectifying and smoothing circuit 12, and the capacitance of the rectifying and smoothing capacitor is increased. Even in this case, there is no difference in the obtained effect.

  In the present invention, the switching circuit 13 always outputs a voltage and employs a system in which the connection between the electrolytic capacitor 17 and the solenoid 11 is opened except when the shutter 5 is opened and closed. Instead of this method, the return input terminal B and the electrolytic capacitor 17 are always connected when the shutter 5 is open, and the suction input terminal A and the electrolytic capacitor 17 are always connected when the shutter 5 is closed. Also good. In this case, the shutter 5 is operated by outputting a pulse voltage from the switching circuit 13 only when the power is on or off. After that, the input terminal to be connected may be switched.

  In the present invention, a self-holding solenoid having a suction input terminal A and a return input terminal B is used. However, the self-holding solenoid is a single input, and suction is performed by reversing the polarity of the voltage applied to the solenoid. Some devices can perform the return operation (polarity reversal type self-holding solenoid). If the circuit configuration is such that the polarity of the input voltage to the solenoid 11 can be reversed by the switching circuit 15, the same effect as in the present invention can be obtained even if a polarity reversing self-holding solenoid is used.

  The ventilator according to the present invention is effective for use as a residential ventilator for exhausting indoor air.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilator 2 Wall switch 4 Front grille 5 Shutter 6 Blade 7 Main body frame 8 Electrical part 9 Motor 11 Solenoid 12 Rectification smoothing circuit 13 Switching circuit 14 Microcomputer 15 Switching circuit 16 Drive circuit 17 Electrolytic capacitor 18 Low voltage detection circuit A Suction input Terminal B Return input terminal

Claims (1)

A ventilator having a blower and a shutter that opens and closes a ventilation path,
A drive circuit for driving the blower;
A DC conversion circuit for converting commercial power supply voltage to DC,
A low voltage detection circuit for detecting a drop in the commercial power supply voltage;
A power storage unit for storing output power of the DC converter circuit;
A self-holding solenoid that opens and closes the shutter;
The solenoid has two input terminals for suction and return,
A switching circuit for connecting the power storage unit and the two input terminals of the solenoid;
A control circuit for controlling the drive circuit and the switching circuit;
The control circuit includes:
When opening the shutter, the output of the switching circuit is connected to the suction input terminal for a predetermined time,
A ventilator characterized in that when the shutter is closed, the output of the switching circuit is connected to the return input terminal for a predetermined time.

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