JP2016136903A - Transplanter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seedling transplanter for inserting a planting tool accommodating a seedling into a farm field and opening the lower portion at a bottom dead point or the vicinity and for lifting while leaving the seedling in the farm field, wherein the leaf apex of the seedling left in the farm field is clamped but not pulled out by the closed planting tool, and wherein the planting tool is closed at a timing as early as possible till the planting tool reaches a top dead center so that the planting cycle of the planting tool may be accelerated to improve the work efficiency.SOLUTION: A transplanter, in which a planting tool accommodating a planting seedling is lowered and inserted in a farm field and is opened to plant the seedling in the farm field and then rise, is characterized in that the timing for closing the planting tool is made variable in a closing mechanism 135.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Description

  The present invention relates to a transplanting machine for planting transplanted seedlings such as onions, lettuce, and tobacco, seed pods and the like in a field.

  Steering handle is provided at the rear part of the aircraft that travels with a pair of left and right front and rear wheels straddling the heel, and the pilot supplies the seedlings to the seedling supply part while walking following the rear part of the aircraft to perform planting work Transplanters are known.

  In the following Patent Document 1, the hole making body (planting tool) periodically moves up and down, enters the soil at or near the bottom dead center of the lift and drills a planting hole, and the lower part of the hole making body opens. In the seedling transplanting machine that moves up while leaving the planted seedling inside the planting hole, the lower part of the hole-making body is opened at the bottom dead center at or near the bottom of the lift. By maintaining up to the top dead center, the leaf tip of the seedling planted when the lower part of the hole making body is closed is not caught and pulled out.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-60238

  In the above-described conventional seedling transplanter, the hole making body rises up to the top dead center and then closes rapidly so that the next seedling is received in the hole making body. A close sound is generated. In addition, the next seedling could not be supplied into the hole making body until the hole making body was closed, which caused the seedling supply timing to the hole making body to be prevented early.

  The present invention closes the leaf tips of seedlings left in the field in a seedling transplanter that inserts a planting tool containing seedlings into the field and opens the lower part at or near the bottom dead center to leave the seedlings in the field and rise The planting cycle of the planting tool is shortened and the work efficiency is improved by closing the planting tool as soon as possible until it reaches the top dead center. This is the issue.

  The above-mentioned problem of the present invention is solved by the following means.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a transplanting machine in which the planting tool 28 containing planted seedlings descends and is inserted into the field and then opened to plant and plant the planted seedlings in the field. The transplanter is characterized in that the closing timing of the attachment 28 can be changed.

  The invention according to claim 2 is configured such that the planting tool 28 is moved up and down by an opening and closing arm 101 that is driven in sliding contact with the cam surface of the opening and closing drive cam 100, and the opening and closing drive cam 100 is moved to a plurality of cam pieces 100a and 100b. 100c, and a closing adjustment mechanism 135 that changes the closing timing of the planting tool 28 by appropriately combining a plurality of cam pieces 100a, 100b, 100c. And

  The invention according to claim 3 is a transplanting machine in which the planting tool 28 containing the planted seedling is lowered and inserted into the field and then opened to plant and plant the planted seedling in the field. An inconstant speed transmission mechanism 134 is provided in the drive unit, and the transplanting machine is characterized in that the speed is low when the seedling is supplied to the planting tool 28 and the speed is increased during the lifting operation.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the closing timing of the planting tool 28 that is opened at the bottom by a planting hole formed in the field, throws in the seedling, and closes while rising is matched with the degree of seedling growth by the closing adjustment mechanism 135. Thus, the plant can be slowly closed as early as possible without interposing the leaf tip of the seedling, and the seedling can be supplied to the planting tool 28 in the completely closed state at the top dead center. The seedling can be supplied promptly without waiting for the tool 28 to close, and the entire planting timing can be made early, so that an efficient planting operation can be performed.

  In the invention according to claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the timing at which the planting tool 28 closes in the ascending process is performed by changing the combination of the plurality of cam pieces 100a, 100b, 100c. Easy to operate.

  In the invention according to claim 3, when supplying seedlings to the planting tool 28 with the inconstant speed transmission mechanism 134, the planting tool 28 moves slowly in the vicinity of the top dead center to reliably supply the seedlings, Since it moves quickly during the planting process, the planting work can be performed efficiently while reducing the workload on the operator.

Tobacco seedling transplanter left side view Top view of tobacco seedling transplanter Partial enlarged plan view of tobacco seedling transplanter (A) Bottom view of seedling supply part, (b) Plan view seen through part of seedling supply part Side sectional view explaining mounting structure of seedling supply unit Perspective view of the planting device as seen from the left front Perspective view of planting device viewed from right rear Side view of planting device (A)-(d) Side view of the planting apparatus in each position during planting operation Side view of presser vertical movement mechanism Partial plan view of the rear of the aircraft Exploded perspective view showing the first embodiment of the opening / closing drive cam of the closing adjustment mechanism Side view showing a second embodiment of the opening / closing drive cam of the closing adjustment mechanism Side view of unequal speed transmission mechanism The perspective view of the planting tool of another Example Opening side view of the planting tool Side view of extruded bar Right side view of the height adjustment mechanism of the contact position detector Left side view of another embodiment of the contact position detector Front view of another embodiment of front wheel support structure Left side view of another embodiment of fuel tank fuel gauge Another embodiment perspective view of a spare seedling stand Right side view of another embodiment of spare seedling stand

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to a tobacco seedling transplanter shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10, and FIG. 2 shows a state where movable spare seedling stands 350 </ b> L and 350 </ b> R are accommodated by a two-dot chain line. Indicated.

  In the following description, the front part of the tobacco seedling transplanter 10 is the side where the engine 11 is disposed, and the rear part is the side where the steering handle 16 is disposed. Further, the right hand side of the operator viewing the engine 11 side from the steering handle 16 side is the right side of the tobacco seedling transplanter 10, and the left hand side is the left side.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the tobacco seedling transplanter 10 according to the present embodiment includes a traveling vehicle body 1 that can travel the vehicle body, and a steering handle for walking operation that is provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle body 1. 16, a planting device 19 for planting tobacco seedlings in a farm field provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle body 1 and in front of the steering handle 16, and a planting device 19 provided above the planting device 19. A seedling supply unit 31 for supplying the pressure and a pressure reducing wheel 15 are further provided.

  Further, on the front side of the seedling supply unit 31 and on both the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 1, a pair of left and right rectangular fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R (indicated by two-dot chain lines in FIG. 2) on which tobacco seedlings are placed. Are fixedly arranged.

  When not in use, the pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R can be stored along the longitudinal direction of the fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R in a plan view. A pair of left and right rectangular movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R on which tobacco seedlings are placed, which can be arranged at positions that do not overlap with the spare seedling stands 300L and 300R in plan view (indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2) Are arranged to be rotatable.

  In addition, the tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10 according to the present embodiment performs seedling transplanting work by planting a seedling with a planting tool 28 on a ridge U that travels across the left and right front wheels 13 and the left and right rear wheels 14. A mechanism 160 is provided at the front of the aircraft, and the left and right saddle guide rollers 250 are in contact with the left and right slopes of the kite U, respectively, and the aircraft is guided along the kite U and travels.

  Next, the configuration of the fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R and the movable preliminary seedling stands 350L and 350R will be mainly described with reference to FIGS.

  In FIG. 3, the top view of the fixed reserve seedling stand and movable reserve seedling stand which were provided in the tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10 of this Embodiment is shown. In FIG. 3, the state which accommodated the movable reserve seedling stand was shown with the dashed-two dotted line.

  The fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R are connected in parallel with each other by the first connecting member 301 and the second connecting member 302 (see FIG. 3), and the first connecting member 301 side travels through the front support member 303. It is fixed to the upper surface of the vehicle body 1. Further, in the vicinity of the rear of the second connecting member 302, the opposing side wall portions of the pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R are the upper surfaces of the traveling vehicle body 1 via the rear support members 304, respectively, and the front support It is fixed rearward from the attachment position of the member 303. The pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300 </ b> L and 300 </ b> R are inclined downward in the front-rear direction of the traveling vehicle body 1.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the traveling vehicle body 1 is located behind the rear support member 304 on the upper surface of the traveling vehicle body 1 and on the rear end side of the pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R in plan view. A pair of left and right cylindrical movable support members 310L and 310R are erected at a corner near the center position. And the short side of the pair of left and right pipe-shaped members 311L, 311R bent in a substantially L shape is rotatably inserted into the cylindrical holes of the cylindrical movable support members 310L, 310R. Each long side is attached to the bottom surface side of the movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the long sides of the pipe-shaped members 311L and 311R are fixed at positions almost on the diagonal lines of the movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R, and the movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R are shown in FIG. In the state indicated by the solid line in FIG. 2 (that is, in the use state), the bending angle of the pipe-like members 311L and 311R is set to an acute angle smaller than 90 degrees so as to incline rearwardly in the front-rear direction of the traveling vehicle body 1. .

  Thereby, the pair of left and right movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R are inclined downward in the front-rear direction of the traveling vehicle body 1 when in use, and when not in use, the pair of left and right cylindrical movable support members 310L and 310R are inclined. Is pivoted manually in the directions of arrows B and C (see FIG. 3), respectively, to be stored below the pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R. The vehicle body 1 is inclined downward toward the outside in the left-right direction.

  With the above configuration, the pair of left and right fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R and the pair of left and right movable preliminary seedling stands 350L and 350R are inclined downward in the longitudinal direction of the traveling vehicle body 1, respectively. Since it is easy to see the seedlings at the time of work, it is easy to take the seedlings, and the positions of the pair of left and right movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R are arranged at positions lower than the positions of the pair of left and right fixed spare seedling stands 300L and 300R. Easy to take seedlings. In addition, the pair of left and right movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R can be stored under the pair of left and right fixed spare seedling stands 300L and 300R, and do not protrude greatly outside the rear wheel 14 in plan view. Can be stored compactly during use.

  When the tobacco seedling transplanter 10 is transported by a truck or the like, a stand is attached to the steering handle 16 to stabilize the machine body. A storage case 360 of this stand is provided at the bottom of the fixed spare seedling stand 300L on the left side. Yes. The right fixed seedling stand 300R is provided with a hook portion for hooking a grip portion (recoil knob) of the engine starter rope.

  FIG. 22 shows a sizing frame 170 that can be mounted on the four corners of the fixed spare seedling stands 300L and 300R and the movable spare seedling stands 350L and 350R to mount seedling frames of different sizes. The corner frame 170a and the overlapping surface 170b are mounted thereon. When the size change frame 170 is configured by the placement surface 170c, the placement surface 170c is attached to the placement surface of the center bed surface 300f by attaching the overlapping surface 170b on the lower side of the center bed surface 300f of the preliminary seedling table and attaching with the screws 171. The seedling frame can be stably placed. The size change frame 170 can be placed with different sizes of seedling frames by changing the tightening position with the screw 171 and moving the size change frame 170 in and out of the preliminary seedling stand.

  FIG. 23 is an example in which a hook 305 that locks the seedling frame 172 is provided on the frame 300w of the fixed preliminary seedling stands 300L and 300R so that the seedling frame 172 does not slide down.

  As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a pair of left and right movable spare seedling stands 350L located behind the pair of left and right fixed spare seedling stands 300L, 300R, in front of the seedling supply unit 31 and in use. , 350R, a pair of left and right fertilizer applicators 400L and 400R are provided. The pair of left and right fertilizer applicators 400L and 400R are respectively provided with fertilizer hoppers 410L and 410R that store fertilizers to be supplied to the field, and fertilizer feed units 420L and 420R that are provided below the fertilizers and feed out the fertilizers.

  A front hose 430L for discharging fertilizer is disposed on the front side of the planting device 19 in the fertilizer feeding part 420L attached to the lower part of the left fertilizer 400L among the pair of left and right fertilizers 400L and 400R. Of the pair of left and right fertilizer applicators 400L, 400R, a rear hose 430R for discharging fertilizer to the rear side of the planting device 19 is disposed in the fertilizer feed section 420R attached to the lower portion of the right fertilizer applicator 400R. . A hose holding portion 431 that holds the opening front ends of the front hose 430L and the rear hose 430R is disposed in the lower portion of the traveling vehicle body 1.

  The tobacco seedling transplanter 10 has a front wheel 13 and a rear wheel 14 traveling between the ridges so that the traveling vehicle body 1 straddles the ridge U in the field. It is structured to plant seedlings.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, left and right traveling extension cases 40 are provided at the left and right ends of the main transmission case 12 so as to be rotatable with respect to the main transmission case 12. A traveling chain case 20 is attached. Accordingly, the power in the main transmission case 12 input from the engine 11 is transmitted to the traveling chain case 20.

  A pair of left and right rear wheels 14 that are traveling wheels are respectively attached to the left and right outer sides of the rotating tip of the traveling chain case 20, and the airframe travels by driving the pair of left and right rear wheels 14. Therefore, the main transmission case 12 is a transmission device that transmits to the rear wheel 14 as a traveling wheel.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a rear frame 21 extending in the left-right direction is fixedly provided at the rear end of the main transmission case 12, and the right end portion of the rear end surface of the rear frame 21 is positioned in the front-rear direction at a position on the right side of the fuselage. A main frame 22 extending in the direction is provided. A steering handle 16 is provided at the rear end of the main frame 22, and the steering handle 16 is supported by the main transmission case 12 via the main frame 22 and the rear frame 21. The planting transmission case 26 is fixedly provided on the upper surface of the rear frame 21 on the left or right side (right side) with the front lower end portion of the planting transmission case 26 mounted thereon.

  A hydraulic lifting cylinder 23 is provided at the rear of the main transmission case 12 in the center in the left-right direction. The hydraulic lift cylinder 23 is fixedly provided to a hydraulic pressure switching valve portion 24 (see FIG. 1) attached to the main transmission case 12, and an oil passage from a hydraulic pump attached to the main transmission case 12 is connected to the hydraulic pressure switching valve. It is operated by switching at the unit 24.

  A horizontal rod 43 extending left and right is provided at the rear end of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 23, and a left rear wheel lifting rod 44 and a right rear wheel lifting rod 45 serving as rods are provided at the left and right ends of the horizontal rod 43, respectively. The other ends of the left rear wheel lifting rod 44 and the right rear wheel lifting rod 45 are pivotally attached to the upper arm 40a attached to each traveling extension case 40, and the horizontal rod 43 and the traveling extension case 40 are coupled. It has been configured.

  Accordingly, the traveling chain case 20 is rotated around the left and right output shafts of the main transmission case 12 through the horizontal rod 43, the left rear wheel lifting rod 44 and the right rear wheel lifting rod 45 by the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 23. As the traveling chain case 20 rotates, the rear wheel 14 moves up and down to raise and lower the traveling vehicle body 1.

  In addition, a left / right tilt hydraulic cylinder 25 that is actuated by hydraulic pressure from a hydraulic pump is provided in the middle of the left rear wheel lift rod 44 so that the left rear wheel lift rod 44 extends and contracts. The left and right rear wheels 14 are moved up and down based on the vertical position of the right rear wheel 14 by expansion and contraction, and the traveling vehicle body 1 is controlled to a desired left and right inclined posture regardless of the unevenness of the valley portion of the heel U. .

  A pendulum type left / right tilt sensor 42 is provided on the right side of the main transmission case 12, and the left / right tilt sensor 42 detects the left / right tilt via a left / right tilt switching valve provided in the hydraulic pressure switching valve unit 24. The hydraulic cylinder 25 is operated to control the traveling vehicle body 1 to a desired left / right inclined posture.

  FIG. 20 shows another embodiment of the support structure of the front wheel 13, and parallel links 153 and 154 are pivotally supported on the upper and lower sides of the front wheel support bracket 152 provided at the left and right center of the traveling vehicle body 1, and the front wheel brackets 151 and 151 are provided at the front ends thereof. The front wheel 13 is pivotally supported at the lower end of a support leg 150 provided downward from the front wheel bracket 151. Even if the left and right front wheels 13, 13 are moved up and down, the right and left ground contact widths are constant and traveling is stable.

  FIG. 21 shows a configuration in which an oil gauge 157 is slid up and down on a cap 156 of a fuel tank 155 provided at the upper part of the engine 11, and a cylinder 159 provided in the fuel tank 155 with a float 159 provided at the lower end of the oil gauge 157. The remaining amount of fuel is recognized by the protruding state of the oil gauge 157.

  The planting device 19 includes a planting transmission case 26 in which power from the main transmission case 12 is provided on the rear side of the main transmission case 12 and a planting transmission case 26 for planting seedlings one by one in a field paddle. It is configured to be transmitted and operated via a planting device drive case 27 attached to the.

  The planting device 19 includes a hook-shaped planting tool 28 with a sharp tip and an elevating link mechanism 29 that operates to raise and lower the planting tool 28. As shown in FIG. 1, the tip of the planting tool 28 is lowered on the front side and rises on the rear side as shown in FIG. It draws 17 and operates repeatedly in the direction of the arrow in the figure.

  Next, the detailed configuration and operation of the planting device 19 will be described.

  6 and 7 show a perspective view of the planting device 19 as viewed from the left front and a perspective view as viewed from the right rear, respectively. FIG. 8 shows a side view of the planting device 19.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the planting device 19 receives a seedling from an opening formed in the upper portion, and has a cup-shaped planting tool 28 with a sharp tip that can be opened and closed left and right, and the planting tool 28. It is comprised from the raising / lowering link mechanism 29 provided in the planting apparatus drive case 27 which raises / lowers.

  The planting tool 28 generally holds a seedling inside with a cup-shaped lower part with a sharp tip closed, and opens to the left and right at the lowest end of the planting locus 17 to plant the seedling in a cage. It is a typical configuration. A seedling guide 108 is attached to the upper part of the planting tool 28 so that the seedlings falling from the supply turntable 32 surely enter the planting tool 28.

  The elevating link mechanism 29 of the present embodiment has an upper end pivotally supported by the swing cam drive shaft 88 on the left side of the planting device drive case 27 and a lower end pivotally connected by the lower front shaft 91. An upper end is fixed to the front swing arm 80 connected to the support plate 94 and an upper rear shaft 90 that is rotatable with respect to the planting device drive case 27, and a lower end is rotatably connected to the lower rear shaft 93. A front swing arm 80 connected to the support plate 94 and a left rear swing arm 81 provided in front and rear are provided. The upper rear shaft 90 has the other end protruding to the right side of the planting device drive case 27, and the upper end of the right rear swing arm 99 is fixed to the right side of the planting device drive case 27.

  The planting device drive case 27 transmits the power output from the planting transmission case 26, penetrates the swing cam drive shaft 88 provided to project to the left and the planting device drive case 27, and projects to the left and right sides. The crank arm drive shaft 89 provided is driven.

  Further, the front end is pivotally supported by the upper shaft 92 and the lower rear shaft 93 of the connection support plate 94, respectively, and the rear end is pivoted by the rotation upper shaft 95 and the rotation lower shaft 96 of the planting tool 28, respectively. A parallel upper arm 82 and a lower left arm 83 are connected freely. On the right side of the planting device drive case 27, the front end is pivotally supported by the lower end portion of the right rear swing arm 99 and the rear end is pivotally connected to the right side of the planting tool 28. Arm 97 is provided.

  The lower right arm 97 is arranged in parallel with the lower left arm 83, and is connected to the lower left arm 83 by a left and right connecting rod 98 pivotally supported at both ends by the lower left arm 83 and the lower right arm 97, respectively.

  A crank arm 85 having a base fixed to a crank arm drive shaft 89 that protrudes to the right from the planting device drive case 27, and a rotary connecting shaft 106 provided at the tip of the crank arm 85 are pivotally connected to one end. Is provided with a connecting arm 86 whose other end is connected to a middle portion of the left and right connecting rod 98. The left and right connecting rods 98 are rotatably connected with respect to the connecting arm 86.

  In addition, a rocking drive cam 84 that is fixed to a rocking cam drive shaft 88 that protrudes to the left from the planting device drive case 27 and rotates, and that contacts the peripheral edge of the rocking drive cam 84, the left A rotation roller 87 is rotatably provided in the middle of the rear swing arm 81 near the upper rear shaft 90.

  Further, provided between the support pin provided in the planting transmission case 26 and the lower end portion of the left rear swing arm 81, the front swing arm 80 and the left rear swing arm 81 are biased toward the front of the body. In addition, a tension spring 167 (see FIG. 9A) for contacting the swing drive cam 84 and the rotation roller 87 is provided.

  A counter arm 104 used for opening and closing the planting tool 28 is pivotally supported on a pivot upper shaft 95 to which one end of the upper arm 82 is connected.

  The open / close arm 101 is pivotally supported by an upper shaft 92 to which the other end of the upper arm 82 is connected. The open / close arm 101 and the counter arm 104 are connected by a connecting rod 103. . A pin 105 is erected on the counter arm 104, and a hole provided in an opening / closing rod 231 connected to a holder portion of the planting tool 28 is loosely fitted.

  In addition, an opening / closing drive cam 100 which is fixed to the swing cam drive shaft 88 and rotates together with the swing drive cam 84 is provided. A roller 102 is provided. The opening / closing drive cam 100 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the swing cam drive shaft 88 so that the cam surface of the outer peripheral surface comes into contact with the opening / closing roller 102, whereby the opening / closing arm 101 pivotally supporting the opening / closing roller 102 rotates. Then, the planting tool 28 is opened at a predetermined timing through the connecting rod 103, the counter arm 104, and the opening / closing rod 231.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the opening / closing drive cam 100 has three cam pieces 100a, 100b, and 100c constituting the closing adjustment mechanism 135 overlapped and attached to the swing cam drive shaft 88, and each overlap allowance can be changed. The arc-shaped elongated holes 100a1 and 100b1 are fixed with fixing screws 100b2 and 100c2. Therefore, by changing the length of the cam surface with which the opening / closing roller 102 abuts, the timing at which the planting tool 28 closes can be set to the barely elevated position where it is not pinched by the length of the seedling.

  In the embodiment of the closing adjustment mechanism 135 shown in FIG. 13, the three cam pieces 100 a, 100 b, 100 c are connected by the concave and convex engaging portions 100 k 1, 100 k 2, and fastened to the swing cam drive shaft 88 by the presser washer 133. Fix it.

  With the above configuration, the planting device 19 of the present embodiment operates so that the tip of the planter transplanter 10 draws the locus 17 shown in FIG. 1 when the tobacco seedling transplanter 10 is stopped during the planting operation. Details will be described.

  Fig.9 (a)-FIG.9 (d) have shown the side view of the planting apparatus 19 in each position in planting operation | movement. FIG. 9A shows a side view at the top dead center, and FIG. 9C shows a side view at the bottom dead center. FIG. 9 (b) shows a side view when descending from the top dead center toward the bottom dead center, and FIG. 9 (d) is a diagram when rising from the bottom dead center toward the top dead center. The side view of is shown.

  As the swing cam drive shaft 88 rotates, the swing drive cam 84 fixed to the swing cam drive shaft 88 rotates together with the swing cam drive shaft 88 and rotates in contact with the swing drive cam 84. The left rear swing arm 81 and the front swing arm 80 swing back and forth via the roller 87. At this time, the right rear swing arm 99 connected to the left rear swing arm 81 by the upper rear shaft 90 also swings back and forth together with the left rear swing arm 81.

  On the other hand, when the crank arm drive shaft 89 rotates, the crank arm 85 fixed to the crank arm drive shaft 89 rotates together with the crank arm drive shaft 89, and the lower left arm via the connecting arm 86 and the left and right connecting rods 98. 83 and the lower right arm 97 swing up and down, and the upper arm 82 swings up and down together with the lower left arm 83.

  Accordingly, the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, the right rear swing arm 99, the upper arm 82, the lower left arm 83, and the lower right arm 97 are all parallel link mechanisms. Maintains a vertically oriented posture, and its lower end operates by drawing a planting locus 17, so that the seedlings received in the planting tool 28 can be planted on the ridge U in a proper posture.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the planting device 19 according to the present embodiment has a rotating upper shaft connected to the upper arm 82 at the position of the rotating lower shaft 96 connected to the lower left arm 83 in the planting tool 28. When the planting tool 28 is lowered, the distance between the upper arm 82 and the lower left arm 83 can be prevented from being narrowed, and the planting tool 28 is near the bottom dead center. Since the distance between the upper arm 82 and the lower left arm 83 can be maintained wide, stable planting can be performed without rattling in the planting state.

  When the seedling is supplied to the planting tool 28, that is, when the planting tool 28 is in the vicinity of the top dead center of the trajectory 17 where the planting tool 28 operates, the rocking drive cam 84 swings at a position in contact with the rotating roller 87. In order to make the change in the diameter of the dynamic drive cam 84 small, the swing drive cam 84 comes into contact with the rotary roller 87 when the seedling is planted, that is, when the planting tool 28 is near the bottom dead center. The shape of the swing drive cam 84 and the direction in which the swing drive cam 84 is fixed to the swing cam drive shaft 88 are set so that the change in the diameter of the swing drive cam 84 at the position is large.

  By configuring the shape of the swing drive cam 84 and the direction fixed to the swing cam drive shaft 88 in this way, the moving speed of the tip of the planting tool 28 is supplied more than when the seedling is planted. Time can be extremely slow.

  At the top dead center and the bottom dead center, the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86 are linearly overlapped in the vertical direction, and the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm. 99 and parallel to 99. Therefore, the crank when the seedling is supplied to the planting tool 28, that is, when the planting tool 28 is near the top dead center, and when the seedling is planted, that is, when the planting tool 28 is near the bottom dead center. The direction of the crank arm 85 is set so that the change in the vertical position of the connecting arm 86 due to the rotation of the arm 85 is small. With this configuration, when the planting operation is performed, the tip of the planting tool 28 is operated so as to draw the loop-shaped locus 17, and the moving speed of the planting tool 28 near the top dead center (position where the seedling is supplied) is increased. The moving speed at the bottom dead center (the position where the seedling is planted) is slower than the moving speed. Therefore, the transplant object can be more reliably supplied to the planting tool 28.

  In addition, when the tip of the planting tool 28 is present at a position for planting the transplant object, the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86 are linearly overlapped, so that the vertical movement by the crank arm 85 and the inclination of the connecting arm 86 are caused. The vertical movement matches, and the planting tool 28 can move faster. Further, when the tip of the planting tool 28 exists at a position for planting a transplant object, the crank arm 85 is parallel to the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm 99. Therefore, the vertical movement of the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm 99 is reduced, and the planting tool 28 is moved faster by the vertical movement by the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86. Can do.

  Further, the trajectory 17 drawn by the tip of the planting tool 28 has the maximum front-rear width when planting, that is, the front-back width is maximum below the center of the vertical movement width of the planting tool 28. It becomes the composition which becomes. Since the front-rear width of the static locus 17 is the maximum at a position below the center position of the vertical movement width of the tip of the planting tool 28, the movement locus during running of the transplanter is a locus that rises and falls linearly, A transplant object can be planted neatly.

  A parallel link mechanism including the upper arm 82, the lower left arm 83, and the lower right arm 97 of the planting device 19 is operated by one crank arm 85. In order to drive with the uniaxial crank arm 85, the planting malfunction by the backlash of a transmission system can be suppressed.

  Further, the elevating link mechanism 29 is moved back and forth by a swing drive cam 84. Since the swing drive cam 84 is used, the front-rear width of the locus 17 drawn by the tip of the planting tool 28 can be freely set.

  Further, the rotation roller 87 that contacts the swing drive cam 84 is positioned at a position closer to the upper rear shaft 90 than the center position in the longitudinal direction of the left rear swing arm 81, that is, a swing that is a fulcrum of the front swing arm 80. Since the cam drive shaft 88 is arranged at a position close to the cam drive shaft 88, the distance from the fulcrum of the swing drive cam 84 can be shortened, and the swing drive cam 84 can be made small. Since the swing drive cam 84 can be made small, the planting device 19 can be downsized.

  Further, since the locus 17 which is a static locus drawn by the tip of the planting tool 28 has a circular shape in the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the movement locus in consideration of the traveling of the tobacco seedling transplanter 10 is near the bottom dead center. The trajectory goes up and down in a straight line, and transplanted objects such as seedlings can be planted neatly. Furthermore, it is desirable to adjust the locus 17 drawn by the tip of the planting tool 28 so that the locus 17 has a circular shape within the range of the planting depth. By making a circular static locus in a range where the planting tool 28 enters the soil, the planting hole can be made small.

  Further, the locus 17 drawn by the tip of the planting tool 28 has a shape in which the front-rear width becomes smaller above the planting depth, so that the amount of movement to the front side when the planting tool 28 ascends can be increased. The tip of the attachment 28 can be configured not to catch the planted seedlings.

  In addition, since the pulling force is applied to the left rear swing arm 81 by the tension spring 167, the planting tool 28 is planted by its own weight when the planting tool 28 is lowered toward the planting position. It can prevent that the attachment tool 28 descend | falls rapidly and the operating speed of the planting tool 28 on the locus | trajectory 17 becomes inadequate. Further, the pulling force by the tension spring 167 assists the planting tool 28 to rise from the bottom dead center against the weight of the planting tool 28, so that the planting tool 28 can be operated stably. it can.

  Further, by rotating the crank arm 85 counterclockwise in FIG. 7 as viewed from the right side, the crank arm 85 rotates in the reverse direction with reference to the loop-shaped locus 17 on which the planting tool 28 operates. Therefore, the moving speed of the planting tool 28 in the vicinity of the top dead center of the locus 17 can be easily reduced. By reducing the moving speed of the planting tool 28 in the vicinity of the top dead center, the seedling can be supplied to the planting tool 28 more reliably.

  In the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm 99 correspond to the movement from the front to the rear, and the rotational connection of the tip of the crank arm 85 is performed. The shaft 106 rotates from the rear to the front. Since the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm 99 operate in opposition to the crank arm 85, the vertical movement speed of the planting tool 28 can be increased. Even if the stock changes, the change in the movement locus of the tip of the planting tool 28 in the soil taking into account the traveling of the aircraft is small.

  Further, in the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86 are in a straight line in the vertical direction or a direction close to the vertical direction, so that the vertical movement by the crank arm 85 coincides with the vertical movement by the inclination of the connecting arm 86. The ascending speed of the planting tool 28 can be increased.

  Further, in the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the front swing arm 80, the left rear swing arm 81, and the right rear swing arm 99 are parallel to the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86, so that the front swing arm 80 is provided. The vertical movement of the left rear rocking arm 81 and the right rear rocking arm 99 is reduced, and the vertical movement by the crank arm 85 and the connecting arm 86 can raise the planting tool 28 faster.

  If the seedling is dropped when the opening timing of the planting tool 28 rises from the bottom dead center of the trajectory 17 and comes out of the planting hole, the perforation hole does not collapse.

  FIG. 14 shows an example in which the driving force transmission of the crank arm driving shaft 89 is an inconstant speed transmission mechanism 161, and the driving side driving shaft 162 rotating at a constant speed and the crank arm driving shaft 89 are discontinuous through a step. The deformed gears 163 and 164 forming large and small arc-shaped gear portions provided in a fixed manner are fixed, and the deformed gear 163 of the driving side drive shaft 162 rotates at a constant speed, so that the large and small arc-shaped gears of the deformed gear 1648 of the crank arm drive shaft 89 are rotated. As the planting tool 28 feeds the seedling near the top dead center, it moves slowly and moves fast in the planting and return stroke operations. I can do it. As a result, since the transmission speed is shifted discontinuously and transmitted, the operating speed of the planting tool 28 can be extremely changed, and the operating speed can be extremely slow when receiving the seedling as a transplant. Thus, it is possible to accurately receive seedlings, and to increase the operating speed at the time of planting, so that it can be planted between wide stocks. The inconstant speed transmission mechanism 161 can also be configured by a combination of an eccentric gear, an elliptical gear, or a non-circular gear.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 15 to 17 is another embodiment of the planting tool 28, and the left and right planting cups 28L and 28R are pivotally supported by the opening and closing arms 28La and 28Ra, and the planting cups 28L and 28R are obliquely upward. An extruding rod 136 that is slidably inserted is pivotally supported on the mounting pins 137 of the front and rear opening / closing arms 28La and 28Ra at four positions.

  Then, when the left and right planting cups 28L and 28R are opened, as shown in FIG. 16, the push rod 136 pushes the planted seedlings inside.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the push rod 136 may be hollow and discharged together with planted seedlings from a discharge port 136 a on the lower end side through fertilizer and water. The tip of the push rod 136 can be rotated to change the direction of the discharge port 136a, or fertilizer and water are appropriately supplied to each of the four push rods 136. Water may be discharged into the planting hole.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11, a detailed configuration and operation of a mechanism for raising and lowering the presser 110 for preventing the multi-film attached to the ridge U from lifting will be described.

  The tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10 includes a presser 110 that holds the multifilm laid in the field so that the multifilm does not float up.

  The pressing tool 110 according to the present embodiment moves up and down in synchronization with the vertical movement of the planting tool 28. The presser 110 descends when the seedling is planted in the field by the planting tool 28, and presses the multi-film against the surface when the seedling is planted.

  The presser 110 has two bar-shaped presser members 119 attached to both ends of the mounting plate 109 that is long on the left and right, and connects the left and right centers of the mounting plate 109 to the presser support arm 111. The presser support arm 111 is pivotally supported at the lower part of the planting device drive case 27 and is connected to the lower end of the presser lift rod 112 by a lift rod connecting portion 118 near the rear end thereof.

  The presser support arm 111 having two presser members 119 fixed to the rear end is disposed between the left ground contact position detection body 36 and the right ground contact position detection body 37 in plan view, and the presser member 119 moves up and down. Therefore, the front end is rotatably attached to the lower part of the planting device drive case 27 on the machine body frame side. The two pressing members 119 fixedly supported at the rear end of the bar-shaped pressing tool support arm 111 are disposed behind the left ground position detection body 36 and the right ground position detection body 37.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the two pressing members 119 are arranged on the left and right of the planting tool 28 in a plan view, and the rear ends thereof have an R shape facing the planting tool 28 side, that is, inward. Looking up.

  With this configuration, when the pressing member 119 presses the multifilm laid on the farm field, the tip of the pressing member 119 can be prevented from being stuck into the multifilm, and the multifilm can be hardly broken.

  The presser support arm 111 is a lift rod connecting portion 118 provided at an intermediate portion of the presser support arm 111, and a base portion of the presser lift rod 112 provided upward is rotatably connected.

  In the presser lift rod 112, a presser lift pin 120 is erected above the presser lift rod 112, and the presser lift pin 120 is engaged with the upper surface portion of the distal end portion of the presser lift arm 113. The other end of the presser lift arm 113 is pivotally attached to a presser lift arm support shaft 114 protruding from the side surface of the planting device drive case 27.

  In addition, a presser drive cam 115 is provided which rotates fixedly to a crank arm drive shaft 89 protruding leftward from the planting device drive case 27. A presser rotation roller 116 that is rotatably provided in the middle portion of the presser lift arm 113 is arranged so as to contact the peripheral edge of the presser drive cam 115, and is pressed by the presser lift pin 120. The presser lift rod 112 engaged with the tool lift arm 113 is pulled upward corresponding to the position where the presser rotation roller 116 contacts the presser drive cam 115.

  A stopper 117 provided with a round hole through which the presser lift rod 112 is passed is fixed to the planting device drive case 27.

  Further, on the upper portion of the presser lift rod 112, a downward movement stopper pin 121 that defines the lowest position of the presser member 119 is attached. When the downward movement stopper pin 121 comes into contact with the upper surface of the stopper 117, the pressing member lift rod 112 is regulated so as not to descend from that position, and the position of the pressing member 119 at that time is the pressing member 119 that moves up and down. The lowest position. Thereby, it can prevent that the pressing member 119 falls too much and tears the multi film laid in the farm field.

  By changing the position of the presser lift rod 112 to which the downward movement stopper pin 121 is attached, the lower limit position of the vertical movement of the presser member 119 can be adjusted.

  In addition, by providing the lower movement stopper pin 121 that can change the mounting position on the upper surface of the stopper 117, it is possible to adjust the lower limit position of the pressing member 119 without forcing an unreasonable working posture. It can be easily operated at the height position on the upper end side of.

  Further, the planting depth rod 53 changes the vertical position of the connecting stay round shaft portion 140 which is the rotation center axis of the left ground contact position detector 36 and the right ground contact position detector 37. As shown in FIG. The presser support arm 111 is arranged on the lower side of the frame support shaft 73 that is the pivot point of the planting depth rod 53.

  When the pressing member 119 hits a hard earth lump or the like on the fence, the pressing member 119 is pushed upward. At this time, the presser support arm 111 is pushed up, but when the presser support arm 111 contacts the frame support shaft 73, the upward movement of the presser 110 is restricted at that position. Therefore, the position where the presser support arm 111 contacts the frame support shaft 73 is the upper limit position where the presser member 119 can move, and the upward movement of the presser member 119 is restricted. That is, the frame support shaft 73 also serves as a stopper that restricts the upward movement of the pressing member 119.

  By restricting the upward movement of the pressing member 119, the pressing tool 110 can be prevented from moving extremely upward, and the multi-film laid on the farm can be pressed stably.

  Next, the raising / lowering operation of the pressing tool 110 will be described.

  The presser drive cam 115 rotates with the rotation of the crank arm drive shaft 89, and the presser lift arm 113 is centered on the presser lift arm support shaft 114 in response to a change in the shape of the peripheral edge of the presser drive cam 115. Rotate as

  As the presser lift arm 113 rotates, the presser lift rod 112 engaged with the tip of the presser lift arm 113 moves up and down. In response to the vertical movement of the presser lift rod 112, the presser member 119 moves up and down via the presser support arm 111.

  Since the presser driving cam 115 rotates together with the crank arm drive shaft 89 that drives the crank arm 85 that controls the vertical movement of the elevating link mechanism 29 that raises and lowers the planting tool 28, the presser tool 110 is connected to the planting tool 28. It moves up and down in synchronization with the up and down movement.

  The timing of the vertical movement of the presser 110 with respect to the lifting and lowering operation of the planting tool 28 can be freely set by the peripheral shape of the presser drive cam 115.

  When the planting tool 28 is in the raised position, that is, when the seedling is supplied from the supply cup 33 to the planting tool 28, the presser 110 is also lifted upward, and the planting tool 28 is lowered and planted. When it is, the presser 110 is set to a position where the presser 110 is lowered to a position where the multi-film placed on the farm scene is pressed.

  As described above, since the pressing tool vertical movement mechanism is operated by the crank arm drive shaft 89 that is the driving shaft for moving the planting tool 28 up and down, the planting tool 28 and the pressing tool 110 are driven by the same drive shaft. An error in drive timing is less likely to occur in both, and the multi-film can be pressed to the heel side at an appropriate timing for planting the seedling.

  FIG. 18 shows an example of the vertical adjustment configuration of the left ground contact position detector 36 and the right ground contact position detector 37, and the support bracket 141 of the left ground contact detector 36 and the right ground contact detector 37 is supported by the pressing tool support arm 111. When the first connecting arm 142 of the rotating arm 143 is connected and the rotating arm 143 is operated back and forth along the guide plate 146, the left ground position detecting body 36 and the right ground position detecting body 37 are connected. Rotate up and down. Further, a second connecting arm 144 pivotally supported by the main frame 22 is connected to the first connecting arm 142, and an up / down adjusting arm 145 for rotating the second connecting arm 144 is provided to engage with the guide plate 146, The height of the left ground contact position detector 36 and the right ground contact position detector 37 can be changed by the vertical adjustment arm 145.

  FIG. 19 shows another embodiment of the left ground contact position detector 36 and the right ground contact position detector 37, in which a support arm 141 is connected to a retractable detection arm 147, and a ground roller 148 is pivotally supported at the tip.

  Next, an irrigation apparatus for irrigating seedlings planted in the cocoon U will be described.

  In FIG. 1, a hose support arm 60 is provided at the lower rear portion of the main frame 22, and a water supply hose 59 is placed on and hung on a hose receiving roller 61 pivotally supported at the rear end of the hose support arm 60. The valve 58 for opening and closing the nozzle 57 provided at the tip of the water supply hose 59 is closed by a torque spring so that the arm 62 of the valve 58 extends forward, and a valve opening pin 63 provided on the planting tool 28 is provided with the planting tool 28. , The valve 58 is opened by hitting the arm 62 to irrigate the planted seedling. If the length of the valve opening pin 63 is changed, the time of hitting the arm 62 can be changed and the irrigation amount can be changed. In addition, the amount of irrigation is 100 to 200 cc per strain.

  Under the above configuration, an operator who intends to use the tobacco seedling transplanting machine 10 according to the present embodiment has a pair of left and right movable spare seedlings stored below the pair of left and right fixed spare seedling stands 300L and 300R. The bases 350L and 350R are rotated around the cylindrical movable support members 310L and 310R, are deployed to the position shown in FIG. 3, and are temporarily fixed by a fixing pin (not shown) or the like. Then, tobacco seedlings are placed on these preliminary seedling stands to prepare for transplantation work.

  Then, an operator walking with the traveling vehicle body 1 travels one seedling prepared in advance in the movable spare seedling stand 350L (350R) and the fixed spare seedling stand 300L (300R) at the work position S (see FIG. 2). Grabbed by hand and put into supply cups 33 rotating in the direction of arrow A (see FIG. 2) as the aircraft is running.

  When the opening / closing lid of the supply cup 33 is opened at the predetermined position P, the seedling in the supply cup 33 is supplied to the lower planting tool 28. When the planting tool 28 reaches the bottom dead center of the operation locus 17 shown in FIG. 1, the planting tool 28 enters the soil to a predetermined depth and opens to the left and right like a birdcage to drop the seedling held therein. And plant.

  And it spreads and mixes before and after the seedling which planted the fertilizer in fertilizer hopper 410L, 410R.

28 Planting tool 100 Opening / closing drive cam 100a, 100b, 100c Cam piece 101 Opening / closing arm 134 Unequal speed transmission mechanism 135 Closure adjustment mechanism

Claims (3)

  In the transplanter that opens after the planting tool (28) containing the planted seedling has been lowered and inserted into the field and planted the planted seedling in the field, the planting tool (28) is provided by the closing adjustment mechanism (135). A transplanter characterized in that the closing timing of the can is changed.   The open / close drive cam (100) is configured to move the planting tool (28) up and down by an open / close arm (101) driven in sliding contact with the cam surface of the open / close drive cam (100). (100b), (100c), and a closing adjustment mechanism (135) for changing the closing timing of the planting tool (28) by appropriately combining a plurality of cam pieces (100a), (100b), (100c) The transplanter according to claim 1, wherein   In the transplanting machine that opens after the planting tool (28) containing the planted seedling has been lowered and inserted into the field and planted the planted seedling in the field, it is unequal to the ascending / descending drive unit of the planting tool (28). A transplanter provided with a quick transmission mechanism (134), wherein the transplanter is operated at a low speed when a seedling is supplied to the planting tool (28) and is operated quickly during an ascending / descending operation.

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