JP2016136821A - Power supply device and power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To supply power for controlling a plurality of loads simultaneously and independently by one power supply device.SOLUTION: The power supply device converts a DC voltage into a pulse-shaped voltage, to generate a multiplexed output voltage in which a plurality of output voltages are multiplexed. A plurality of output voltages are multiplexed in the generated multiplexed output voltage, and by demultiplexing the transmitted multiplexed output voltage on the load side, the output voltage is demultiplexed into a plurality of output voltages. Because the plurality of output voltages in the multiplexed output voltage are multiplexed in mutually independent states, it is possible to acquire the plurality of demultiplexed output voltages simultaneously in mutually independent states. With this, the supply of the demultiplexed output voltages to each load enables controlling each load simultaneously and independently.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power supply device and a power supply system.

  With the recent development of electric drive technology, introduction of a system including a plurality of electric motors has been promoted. An example of a system including a plurality of electric motors includes a liquid crystal display and a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. In these manufacturing apparatuses, precise positioning is realized by simultaneously controlling a plurality of electric motors, and a decoupling control method based on a model has been reported. Similarly, in hot strip steel finishing rolling equipment in steelmaking, multiple motors are used to control the feed rate and tension, and control methods for multiple motors based on feedback linearization are being studied. . The remote operation system is being studied for the purpose of surgery support and disaster relief. However, since it is composed of an operation robot and a work robot, a plurality of electric motors are required.

  In a system having a plurality of motors, it is necessary to connect one power supply device to each motor. Therefore, conventionally, when a plurality of motors are driven, the same number of power supply devices as the motors are installed. I had to.

  However, recent advances in power electronics, microcontrollers, and digital signal processing technologies have made it possible to drive a plurality of electric motors with a single power supply device, and research is ongoing. If a plurality of electric motors can be controlled simultaneously by a single power supply device, it is possible to reduce the power supply device and its associated electronic components, which is effective for reducing system costs, weight reduction, and miniaturization. .

  As an example of multiple drive, research on motor control assuming railroad wheels is given, and two induction motors have been successfully controlled by one three-leg inverter. In addition, a method of independently driving two five-phase induction motors having stator windings connected in series with one power supply device has been reported. A method of driving a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a method of driving two three-phase induction motors have been proposed.

  On the other hand, in a research field related to pulse width modulation (PWM) widely used in control of a power conversion circuit, efforts are being made to add a new function to the power conversion function of PWM control. As an example of imparting functions other than power conversion to PWM control, research on power line carrier communication that uses a power line as a communication line can be cited. Research related to power line carrier communications includes communication methods (Non-patent Document 1) that communicate the state of the motor to the inverter side using an industrial PWM network, communication reliability based on the cable length of the PWM network, mixed into the PWM network Noise removal technology has been reported.

  In addition, a technique is known in which a control signal of control information related to switch operation is superimposed on a power line by a power line carrier signal on the power line and transmitted to the power supply side (Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-184555 A

N.Gnot, MAMannash, C.Batarad, and M.Machmoum, “Application of power line communication for data transmission over PWM network”, IEEE Trans, Smart Grid, Vol.1, No.2, PP.178-185, Sep.2010.

  There is a demand for supplying power to a plurality of loads by a single power supply apparatus and controlling the plurality of loads simultaneously and independently.

  If a plurality of electric motors are connected in parallel to one power supply device, the number of installed power supply devices can be reduced. However, the electric motors are only driven simultaneously under the same driving conditions, and the electric motors cannot be driven under different driving conditions. For this reason, the above-described power supply apparatus that simultaneously drives a plurality of electric motors cannot respond to the request to control a plurality of loads simultaneously and independently.

  In addition, there are known communication technology that transmits the state of the motor to the inverter side using an industrial PWM network, and technology that superimposes the control signal on the power line carrier signal on the power line and transmits it to the power source side. Many of the purposes are techniques for transmitting information from the load side to the power supply side, and do not transmit information for controlling power supply from the power supply side to each load.

  If the technology for superimposing the control signal on the power line carrier signal is applied to the power supply from the power supply side to the load side, the control signal superimposed on the power line carrier signal is separated on the load side, and the control signal Therefore, it is necessary to distribute the power sent from the power supply device to each load. This power distribution requires a signal separation configuration that separates the control signal from the superimposed signal and a power distribution configuration that distributes power using the separated control signal, and the number of electronic components associated with each configuration increases. However, problems such as an increase in system cost, weight increase, and size increase occur.

  Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and transmits a control signal from the power supply side for the purpose of supplying power to a plurality of loads simultaneously and independently by a single power supply device. The purpose is to control the power supply without.

  The present invention generates a multiplexed output voltage in which a plurality of output voltages are multiplexed by pulsing the power supply voltage applied by the power supply and adjusting the pulse characteristics of the pulse in the power supply device. In the following, the pulse adjustment means that the voltage is pulsed and the pulse characteristics of the pulse are adjusted. Here, the pulse characteristics are the pulse width, the pulse position within one period, the symmetry of the voltage polarity of the pulse, and the pulse phase between each period. Since a plurality of output voltages are multiplexed in the generated multiplexed output voltage, the multiplexed output voltage can be separated by demultiplexing the multiplexed output voltage transmitted on the load side. .

  In the multiplexed output voltage, since the plurality of output voltages are multiplexed in an independent state, the plurality of multiplexed output voltages can be simultaneously acquired in an independent state. Therefore, each load can be controlled simultaneously and independently by supplying a separate output voltage to each load.

  In the pulse adjustment of the power supply voltage, a plurality of output voltages are multiplexed by the output voltage characteristics such as frequency and phase, and the multiplexed output voltage after the pulse adjustment is obtained by multiplexing the plurality of output voltages from the multiplexed state. Information for separation is included in the multiplexed output voltage itself.

  Therefore, the multiplexed output voltage can be demultiplexed based on the output voltage characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage, and the multiplexed output voltage can be separated and output by demultiplexing. This demultiplexing does not require a control signal for demultiplexing the multiplexed output voltage.

  According to the present invention, it is not necessary to separately form a control signal for separating the multiplexed output voltage on the load side on the power supply side, and the multiplexed output is also provided on the load side. When the voltages are multiplexed and separated, the output signals can be separated without preparing a control signal separately.

  The present invention provides a power supply device that generates a multiplexed output voltage, a configuration of a multiplexing unit on the power supply side that generates the multiplexed output voltage, and a load that is multiplexed and demultiplexed from the multiplexed output voltage. And a configuration of a power supply system including a configuration of a demultiplexing unit on a load side to be distributed.

[Power supply equipment]
The power supply device of the present invention includes a power supply and a multiplexing circuit that pulsates the power supply voltage of the power supply and outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by adjusting and multiplexing the pulse characteristics of the pulse.

  The multiplexing circuit of the present invention controls a pulse forming circuit that outputs a multiplexed output voltage including information for separating from a multiplexed state, and controls the timing at which the pulse forming circuit forms a pulse. A control signal generator for generating a control signal for adjusting at least one pulse characteristic of a pulse position within one period, symmetry of voltage polarity, a pulse phase between periods, and a pulse width.

  The pulse forming circuit can be configured by a switching circuit in which a switching element is provided between both ends of the power supply voltage of the power supply. The power supply voltage is pulsed by opening and closing the switching element to output a multiplexed output voltage. The control signal generator generates a control signal for controlling the opening / closing timing of the switching element of the switching circuit. The switching circuit can be constituted by a bridge circuit in which the power supply voltage of the power supply is connected between both ends in a bridge configuration of a switching element.

  The power supply voltage can be a DC voltage or an AC voltage. The switching circuit can be configured with an inverter when the power supply voltage is a DC voltage, and when the power supply voltage is an AC voltage, it is configured with an exchange circuit such as a matrix converter that converts the AC voltage by on / off control. can do.

  The switching circuit controls opening and closing of the switching element based on a control signal supplied from the control signal generator, and generates a multiplexed output voltage. The pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage is adjusted by controlling the switching timing of the switching element of the switching circuit.

  The generated multiplexed output voltage can be further multiplexed using at least one output voltage characteristic of frequency, phase, and amplitude. Multiplexed output voltages can be multiplexed and separated based on the output voltage characteristics.

  In the power supply device of the present invention, in the multiplexing circuit, the output voltage is multiplexed by adjusting the pulse characteristics of the pulses of the multiplexed output voltage, the frequency multiplexing mode that multiplexes by frequency, and the phase multiplexing In addition to the aspect of phase multiplexing to be performed, the aspect of amplitude multiplexing to be multiplexed by amplitude, a plurality of aspects such as an aspect in which frequency multiplexing is performed in a time division manner, and an aspect in which frequency multiplexing and phase multiplexing are performed in combination be able to.

(Frequency multiplexing mode)
In the frequency multiplexing mode, a multiplexed output voltage multiplexed by frequency is generated by adjusting the pulse width of the pulse and the pulse position within one period by the control signal.

  In the pulse adjustment, multiplexing based on the frequency information is performed by adjusting the pulse width of the pulse and the pulse position within one period, and the voltage outputs of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic frequency component are multiplexed. By multiplexing and separating the multiplexed output voltage by frequency, it is possible to separate the multiplexed output voltage into a fundamental frequency component and a harmonic frequency component and output a plurality of output voltages.

  A control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switching element of the switching circuit included in the pulse forming circuit controls the pulse formation using the pulse position in one cycle as a parameter in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage.

  In the pulse adjustment, the DC voltage is frequency-multiplexed using the pulse position as a parameter, and a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing output voltages of different frequencies.

  In the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage, when the voltage polarity of the pulse is the same for half a cycle, the multiple output voltages multiplexed are odd functions, while the voltage polarity of the pulse is one cycle In the case where the polarity is different with respect to the half cycle, the plurality of output voltages to be multiplexed are even functions.

(Mode of performing frequency multiplexing in time division)
In the pulse adjustment, the change of the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage is performed in a time division manner with a period as a unit, so that the output voltage based on the frequency information can be multiplexed in a time division manner.

  Since the pulse adjustment can be performed in units of the cycle of the control signal that controls the switching circuit, the pulse adjustment of each cycle is performed with respect to the pulse of the multiplexed output voltage, the pulse position within one cycle, the symmetry of the voltage polarity, By changing the pulse characteristics such as the pulse phase and pulse width between the periods, the output voltage can be multiplexed in a time division manner. According to this aspect, it is possible to combine two types of multiplexing, frequency multiplexing performed in each period and time division multiplexing.

(Mode of multiplexing by phase)
In the aspect of multiplexing by phase, a multiplexed output voltage multiplexed by phase is generated by adjusting the pulse phase between each period by a control signal.

  In the pulse adjustment, the multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed with the phase output voltage characteristic by adjusting the pulse phase between each cycle of the multiplexed output voltage. By multiplexing and separating the phase-multiplexed multiplexed output voltage based on the phase information, a plurality of multiplexed output voltages can be separated and output.

There can be two modes of phase multiplexing.
The first phase multiplexing mode is a mode in which the output voltage is multiplexed by an odd function and the even function, and the second phase multiplexing mode is multiplexed by the phase of the pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage. It is the aspect which becomes.

  In the first phase multiplexing mode, the control signal for controlling the switching of the switching element of the switching circuit is a voltage in which the pulse position within one cycle is symmetrical with respect to the half cycle within one cycle in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage. Polarity symmetry is used as a parameter, phase multiplexing is performed using the voltage polarity symmetry as a parameter, and a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing DC voltages into output voltages of different phases by phase multiplexing. The multiplexed output voltage is phase multiplexed by setting the voltage polarity to the same polarity or different polarity for a half cycle within one cycle.

  When the voltage polarity of the pulse of the multiplexed output voltage is the same polarity, it is multiplexed with multiple output voltages of odd functions of different frequencies, while when the voltage polarity of the pulse is different polarity, Multiplexed by multiple output voltages of even function.

  In the second phase multiplexing mode, the control signal for controlling the opening and closing of the switching elements of the switching circuit is a pulse phase that shifts the pulse phase between the periods by a half period or a quarter period in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage. Is a parameter. The DC voltage is multiplexed by phase multiplexing to generate a multiplexed output voltage in which output voltages of different phases are multiplexed. In the pulse adjustment, phase multiplexing is performed using the pulse phase as a parameter, and a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing the DC voltage into an output voltage of a different phase by the phase multiplexing.

  A multiplexed output voltage whose pulse phase period is shifted by a half cycle multiplexes two output voltages whose phases are shifted by a half period, and a multiplexed output voltage whose pulse phase period is shifted by a quarter period has a phase of 1 / 4 Output voltages that are shifted by 4 cycles are multiplexed.

  In multiplexing by pulse adjustment, frequency multiplexing can be performed together with phase multiplexing, and the multiplexed output voltage can be subjected to two types of multiplexing, phase multiplexing and frequency multiplexing. The multiplexed output voltage can be output after being separated into a plurality of output voltages by demultiplexing with phase information and frequency.

(Mode of multiplexing by amplitude)
The control signal varies the pulse width between the periods in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage. In pulse adjustment, the DC voltage is amplitude-multiplexed to generate a multiplexed output voltage in which output voltages having different amplitudes are multiplexed.

  In the aspect of amplitude multiplexing, a multiplexed output voltage is generated by adjusting the pulse width of a pulse between each cycle of a control signal that controls opening and closing of the switching element of the switching circuit.

  By adjusting the pulse width between the periods of the control signal, the multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed with the output voltage characteristic of the pulse width. The multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed and separated based on the phase information to separate and output a plurality of multiplexed output voltages.

(Aspect by combining phase multiplexing and frequency multiplexing)
In the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage, the control signal shifts the pulse phase between each cycle by a half cycle or a quarter cycle, and makes the pulse position within one cycle symmetrical with respect to the half cycle within one cycle. The voltage polarity is the same or different across a half cycle within one cycle.

  In pulse adjustment, frequency multiplexing is performed using the pulse position as a parameter to generate a multiplexed output voltage in which the DC voltage is multiplexed to an output voltage of a different frequency, and phase multiplexing is performed using the pulse phase as a parameter to generate the DC voltage. A multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing the output voltages of different phases. Accordingly, a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing output voltages of different frequencies by frequency multiplexing and multiplexing of output voltages of different phases by phase multiplexing.

[Power supply system]
The power supply system according to the present invention includes a configuration of a power supply-side multiplexing unit that generates a multiplexed output voltage, a multiplexed output voltage that is multiplexed from the multiplexed output voltage, and a multiplexed separated output voltage. And a configuration of a load-side demultiplexing unit that distributes the load.

  The configuration of the multiplexing unit on the power supply side includes a power supply and a multiplexing circuit that pulsates the power supply voltage of the power supply and outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by adjusting and multiplexing the pulse characteristics of the pulse.

  The configuration of the load side demultiplexing unit includes a demultiplexing circuit that demultiplexes the demultiplexed output voltage into a plurality of output voltages, and a plurality of output voltages demultiplexed by the demultiplexing circuit is distributed to each load. And a distributor.

  The multiplexing circuit of the present invention controls a pulse forming circuit that supplies a multiplexed output voltage that includes information for separation from the multiplexed state, and controls the timing at which the pulse forming circuit forms a pulse. A control signal generator for generating a control signal for adjusting at least one pulse characteristic of a pulse position within one period, symmetry of voltage polarity, a pulse phase between periods, and a pulse width.

  The pulse forming circuit can be configured by a switching circuit in which a switching element is provided between both ends of the power supply voltage of the power supply. The power supply voltage is pulsed by opening and closing the switching element to output a multiplexed output voltage. The control signal generator generates a control signal for controlling the opening / closing timing of the switching element of the switching circuit. The switching circuit can be constituted by a bridge circuit in which the power supply voltage of the power supply is connected between both ends in a bridge configuration of a switching element.

  When the power supply voltage is a DC voltage, it can be constituted by an inverter that outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulse-adjusting the DC voltage by opening and closing the switching element. The inverter adjusts the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage according to the control signal, and by adjusting the pulse characteristics, the multiple output voltages are converted into pulse positions within one period, symmetry of voltage polarity, pulse phase between each period, and pulse width. Are multiplexed with at least one output voltage characteristic, and a multiplexed output voltage is output.

  The control signal generator controls the switching timing of the switching elements of the inverter and adjusts the pulse width of the multiplexed output voltage, the pulse position within one period, the polarity of the voltage, and at least one pulse characteristic of the pulse phase between each period A control signal is generated.

  The demultiplexing circuit demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed by the multiplexing circuit into output voltages based on output voltage characteristics obtained by multiplexing the multiplexed output voltage.

  As described above, according to the power supply device and the power supply system of the present invention, power is supplied to a plurality of loads by one power supply device, and each load is controlled independently. Can do.

  In addition, distribution of the transmitted power to each load can be performed without using a control signal, and the load-side device configuration for supplying power to each load can be simplified.

  By reducing the number of power supply devices, cost, fault tolerance, installation area, and maintenance inspection can be improved.

  By eliminating the wiring for the control signal and reducing the number of wirings, cost, fault tolerance, installation area, and maintenance can be improved.

  Since the configuration for distributing the power supplied on the load side can be made one configuration, the load device can be easily detached from the power supply device and the wiring network, and the convenience of the device desorption can be improved.

  Since the power distribution control on the load side can be performed on the power supply device side, the power flexibility according to the use situation on the load side can be improved, and the low cost of the system and the effective use of the power are achieved. be able to.

It is a figure for demonstrating schematic structure of the electric power supply apparatus and electric power supply system of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the structural example of the power supply apparatus and power supply system which perform frequency multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state of frequency multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of the multiplexing output voltage of frequency multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of a structure of the electric power supply apparatus and electric power supply system which perform phase multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of the multiplexing output voltage of a phase multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state of a phase multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state of a phase multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state of a phase multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the structural example of the power supply apparatus and power supply system which perform amplitude multiplexing and frequency multiplexing by a time division. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state which performs frequency multiplexing by a time division. It is a figure for demonstrating the signal state of amplitude multiplexing. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example of an electric power supply apparatus and an electric power supply system. It is an example of the control signal which drives a switching element. It is a figure for demonstrating the drive of the switching element which comprises an inverter. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of a design of the voltage waveform of a multiplexed output voltage. It is a figure for demonstrating the voltage waveform of a multiplexed output voltage. It is a Bode diagram of a band pass filter for performing frequency separation. It is a figure for demonstrating the voltage waveform of the output voltage of a band pass filter. It is a figure for demonstrating the voltage waveform of the output voltage of a rectifier. It is a figure for demonstrating the electric current of the step response of a DC motor. It is a figure for demonstrating the electric current of the step response of a DC motor. It is a figure for demonstrating schematic structure of the electric power supply apparatus and electric power supply system in the alternating current power supply of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Hereinafter, the schematic configuration of the power supply apparatus and power supply system of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, frequency multiplexing by the power supply apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, and FIGS. The phase multiplexing by the power supply apparatus of the present invention will be described, and other examples of multiplexing of the power supply apparatus of the present invention will be described by using FIGS. 10 to 12, and the power of the present invention will be described by using FIGS. An example of frequency multiplexing by the supply device will be described, and a schematic configuration of the power supply device and the power supply system in the AC power supply according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

[Schematic configuration of power supply device]
The power supply device 1 of the present invention includes a power supply 2 and a multiplexing circuit 3 that multiplexes power supply voltages of the power supply 2 and outputs a multiplexed output voltage.

  The multiplexing circuit 3 includes a pulse forming circuit 4 that outputs a multiplexed output voltage by pulsing the power supply voltage, and a control signal generator 5 that generates a control signal for controlling driving of the pulse forming circuit 4. Is provided. The pulse forming circuit 4 is configured by connecting a switching circuit 4A including a switching element (not shown in FIG. 1) between both ends of the power supply voltage of the power supply 2. When the power source is a DC power source, the switching circuit 4A is configured by an inverter in which four switching elements are connected in a full bridge, and outputs an AC multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulsing and multiplexing the DC voltage.

  The control signal generator 5 controls the switching timing of the switching element of the switching circuit 4A, and determines the pulse position within one period of the pulse of the multiplexed output voltage, the symmetry of the voltage polarity, the pulse phase between each period, and the pulse width. A control signal for adjusting at least one pulse characteristic is generated.

  The switching circuit 4A adjusts the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage according to the control signal generated by the control signal generator 5, and adjusts the pulse characteristics to convert the plurality of output voltages into at least one output voltage of frequency, phase, and amplitude. Multiplexed in the characteristic, one multiplexed output voltage is output.

  The power supply system 10 of the present invention includes a configuration of a power supply side multiplexing unit 10A for generating a multiplexed output voltage, and a load side multiplexing for demultiplexing the output voltage from the multiplexed output voltage and distributing it to the load Including the configuration of the separation unit 10B.

  The power supply side is configured by a power supply device 1 including a power supply 2 and a multiplexing circuit 3 that outputs a multiplexed output voltage by pulsing and multiplexing the power supply voltage of the power supply 2.

  The load side separates the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed by the multiplexing circuit 3, and demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage from the multiplexed output voltage into a plurality of output voltages. The demultiplexer 11 includes a distributor 13 that distributes the plurality of output voltages multiplexed and separated to the load 20.

  The demultiplexing circuit 11 demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage pulsed and multiplexed by the multiplexing circuit 3 into a plurality of output voltages. The demultiplexing of the multiplexed output voltage is performed based on the output voltage characteristics used for multiplexing the multiplexed output voltage. For example, when the multiplexing circuit 3 multiplexes the frequency, the multiplexing / separating circuit 11 performs frequency separation by a band pass filter or the like.

  When a DC voltage is supplied to the load 20, the output voltage multiplexed and separated by the demultiplexing circuit 11 is rectified by the rectifier 12.

  The distributor 13 distributes each output voltage multiplexed and separated by the demultiplexing circuit 11 to each load 20. In the distribution of the output voltage, the load 20 as the distribution destination can be specified by associating the output voltage characteristics used at the time of multiplexing with each load.

  When the multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed at a frequency, the predetermined voltage output multiplexed and separated is supplied to the predetermined load by associating the frequency of each voltage output with the load in advance.

  When the multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed in phase, the predetermined voltage output multiplexed and separated is supplied to the predetermined load by associating the phase of each voltage output with the load in advance.

  When the multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed with the amplitude, the predetermined voltage output multiplexed and separated is supplied to the predetermined load by associating the amplitude of each voltage output with the load in advance.

  Information on the output voltage supplied from each load 20 to the load is fed back to the control signal generator 5, and a control signal generated based on the obtained information is adjusted. The information to be fed back can be the presence or absence of the output voltage, the voltage value of the output voltage, etc. For example, when the voltage value of the output voltage supplied to the load deviates from a predetermined voltage value, the information to be fed is supplied to the load. The control signal is adjusted so that the voltage value of the output voltage becomes a predetermined voltage value.

  FIG. 23A shows a schematic configuration when the power source is an AC power source. When the power source is the AC power source 2B, the switching circuit 4B included in the pulse forming circuit 4 can be configured by an exchange circuit such as a matrix converter that converts the AC voltage by on / off control.

  Hereinafter, each multiplexing mode such as frequency multiplexing and phase multiplexing will be described in the case where the power source is a DC power source.

[Frequency multiplexing mode]
A mode of frequency multiplexing will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of a power supply apparatus and a power supply system that perform frequency multiplexing, FIG. 3 shows signal states of each unit, and FIG. 4 shows an example of multiplexed output voltage.

  In the power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 2A, the multiplexing circuit 3 frequency-multiplexes the DC voltage of the DC power supply 2 and outputs a multiplexed output voltage in which a plurality of output voltages are multiplexed at different frequencies. When receiving the multiplexed output voltage transmitted from the power supply device 1 on the load side, the demultiplexing circuit 11 outputs a plurality of outputs frequency-multiplexed to the multiplexed output voltage by a bandpass filter (bandpass filter) 11A. Demultiplex voltage by frequency. The frequency range of the band pass filter 11A is set based on each frequency of the multiplexed output voltage, and frequency-separates each output voltage.

  The power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 2B is in addition to the inverter 4a and the control signal generator 5 that constitute the switching circuit 4A of the pulse forming circuit 4 in the multiplexing circuit 3 shown in FIG. A frequency multiplexer 6 is provided. The frequency multiplexer 6 multiplexes the frequencies of the plurality of output voltages multiplexed by the inverter 4a by frequency. Multiplexing by frequency makes it possible to narrow the frequency band of the multiplexed output voltage, thereby increasing the transmission speed of the multiplexed output voltage. The other configuration is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

  FIG. 3 shows signal states of the respective parts in frequency multiplexing of the power supply system, FIG. 3A shows an example of a control signal generated by the control signal generator 5, and FIG. 3C shows the multiplexed output voltage, FIG. 3C shows the separated output voltage of the demultiplexing circuit 11, and FIG. 3D shows the rectified output voltage of the rectifier 12.

  3A controls the opening and closing of each switching element of the inverter 4a constituting the switching circuit 4A. When the voltage is high, the switching element is closed and turned on, and when the voltage is low, the switching element is opened and turned off. And The control signals (a1) and (a3) control the switching elements connected to the high voltage side, and the control signals (a2) and (a4) control the switching elements connected to the low voltage side. The switching elements controlled by the control signals (a1) and (a2) are connected in series, and the switching elements controlled by the control signals (a3) and (a4) are connected in series.

  Thus, by setting the control signals (a1) and (a4) to a high voltage and the control signals (a2) and (a3) to a low voltage, a positive pulse (FIG. 3 (b)) is added to the multiplexed output voltage. Generate a negative pulse (FIG. 3 (b)) in the multiplexed output voltage by setting the control signals (a1) and (a4) to a low voltage and the control signals (a2) and (a3) to a high voltage. Generate.

  Since the multiplexed output voltage includes a fundamental frequency component and a harmonic component having a frequency of [0, T] as a cycle and a frequency that is the reciprocal of this cycle, the multiplexed output voltage includes a fundamental frequency component and a harmonic. The component is in a multiplexed state. The peak values of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic number component can be adjusted by the pulse position and pulse width within one period. The multiplexed output voltage multiplexed with the pulse width becomes the PWM output voltage.

  The fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component multiplexed on the multiplexed output voltage can be separated by demultiplexing based on the electrical characteristics of the frequency. FIG. 3C shows the separated output voltage, the solid line shows the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the third harmonic component.

  The third harmonic component is shown as the harmonic component because the harmonic component includes a higher-order frequency component than the third-order harmonic component, but the voltage value decreases as the higher-order frequency component. This is because only the third-order harmonic component is shown and the higher-order frequency component is omitted, and the frequency component when the multiplexed output voltage is an odd function is an odd-order component. .

  FIG. 3 (d) shows the rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying the demultiplexed frequency component, the solid line shows the rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the rectified output obtained by rectifying the third harmonic component. The voltage is shown.

  4 shows an example of the multiplexed output voltage, FIGS. 4A and 4B show examples of the multiplexed output voltage having an odd function, and FIGS. 4C and 4D show the multiplexed power voltage even. An example of a function is shown.

FIG. 4A shows an example of an odd-function multiplexed output voltage in which the voltage polarity of the pulse is different from that of the half cycle (T / 2) in one cycle of [0, T]. [0, T / 2] half-cycle pulses have a positive polarity, [T / 2, T] half-cycle pulses have a negative polarity, and [0, T / 2] half-cycles have [α ₁ , Α ₂ ] and [π-α ₂ , π-α ₁ ] positions, and in the half cycle [T / 2, T], the positions [π + α ₁ , π + α ₂ ] and [ It has a negative pulse at a position of 2π-α ₂ , 2π-α ₁ ]. By changing α ₁ and α ₂ in this pulse, the pulse position and the pulse width can be adjusted, and the output voltage values of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component can be controlled. FIG. 4B shows a multiplexed output voltage when α ₂ is T / 4 (= π / 2).

FIG. 4C shows an example of an even function multiplexed output voltage in which the voltage polarity of the pulse has the same polarity at a half cycle (T / 2) in one cycle of [0, T]. [0, T / 2] half-cycle pulse and [T / 2, T] half-cycle pulse are positive, and [0, T / 2] half-cycle is [α ₁ , α ₂ ]. And the position of [π-α ₂ , π-α ₁ ], and the position of [π + α ₁ , π + α ₂ ] and the position of [2π-α ₂ ] in the half cycle of [T / 2, T]. , 2π−α ₁ ] has a positive pulse. By changing α ₁ and α ₂ in this pulse, the pulse position and the pulse width can be adjusted, and the output voltage values of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component can be controlled. FIG. 4D shows the multiplexed output voltage when α ₂ is T / 4 (= π / 2).

[Mode of phase multiplexing]
A mode of phase multiplexing will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 shows a configuration example of a power supply apparatus and a power supply system that perform phase multiplexing, FIG. 6 shows an example of a multiplexed output voltage, and FIGS. 7 to 9 show signal states of respective parts.

  In the power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 5 (a), the multiplexing circuit 3 outputs a multiplexed output voltage in which a plurality of output voltages having different phases are multiplexed by phase multiplexing the DC voltage of the DC power supply 2. The demultiplexing circuit 11 demultiplexes the plurality of output voltages multiplexed into the multiplexed output voltage by the phase discriminator 11B based on the phase information. The phase discriminator 11B discriminates the phase of the multiplexed output voltage based on the periodic position extracted from the multiplexed output voltage by the periodic discriminator 11C.

  The power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 5B shows a configuration in which the output separated in the phase discriminator 11B in the demultiplexing circuit 11 is frequency-separated by the band-pass filter 11A.

  In phase multiplexing, since multiplexing by frequency is performed together with multiplexing by phase, the multiplexed output voltage that has been phase-multiplexed is multiplexed and separated by phase information. The chemical component is included. The band pass filter 11A further frequency-separates the multiplexed output voltage phase-separated by the phase discriminator 11B. The other configuration is the same as the configuration shown in FIG. 1, and thus the description thereof is omitted here.

  4, as described above, in the example of frequency multiplexing, the odd-function multiplexed output voltage in FIG. 4A and the even-function multiplexed output voltage in FIG. 4C are out of phase with each other by 90 degrees. There is a relationship. Using this phase difference, phase multiplexing can be performed by two phases by switching both multiplexed output voltages in units of one period T.

  6A and 6B show another example of phase multiplexing with two phases, and FIGS. 6C and 6D show examples of phase multiplexing with four phases.

  The example shown in FIG. 6A is an example in which the multiplexed output voltage of the odd function is phase multiplexed by inverting the polarity of the pulse output in units of one period T. In FIG. 6A, one phase state is shown as A phase, and the other phase state where the phase is inverted is shown as B phase. FIG. 6B shows the phase relationship between the A phase and the B phase.

  FIG. 6A shows an example of the multiplexed output voltage of the odd function, but phase multiplexing can also be performed using the multiplexed output voltage of the even function shown in FIG.

  The example shown in FIG. 6C is an example in which the multiplexed output voltage of the odd function is phase multiplexed by shifting the polarity of the pulse output by 45 degrees with one period T as a unit. FIG. 6C shows the phase states of the C phase, the B phase, and the D phase in which the phases are sequentially shifted by 45 degrees with respect to the phase state represented by the A phase. FIG. 6D shows the phase relationship of the A phase, B phase, C phase, and D phase.

  FIG. 7 shows signal states of respective parts in the phase multiplexing of the power supply system shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 (a) shows an example of a control signal generated by the control signal generator 5, and FIG. FIG. 7C shows the multiplexed output voltage after phase discrimination by the demultiplexing circuit 11B, and FIG. 7D shows the phase separation by the phase discriminator 11B. FIG. 7 (e) shows the rectified output voltage of the rectifier 12 after the output voltage is multiplexed and separated by frequency through the band pass filter 11A.

  7A controls the opening and closing of each switching element of the inverter 4a constituting the switching circuit 4A. When the voltage is high, the switching element is closed and turned on, and when the voltage is low, the switching element is opened and turned off. And The control signals (a1) and (a3) control the switching elements connected to the high voltage side, and the control signals (a2) and (a4) control the switching elements connected to the low voltage side. The switching elements controlled by the control signals (a1) and (a2) are connected in series, and the switching elements controlled by the control signals (a3) and (a4) are connected in series.

  The multiplexed output voltage shown in FIG. 7B indicates the phase states of the A phase and the B phase for generating a phase multiplexed separated output voltage whose phase is shifted by 90 degrees.

  In the phase state of the A phase, the control signals (a1) and (a4) are set to a high voltage, and the control signals (a2) and (a3) are set to a low voltage, whereby the multiplexed output voltage is positively pulsed (FIG. 7 ( b) phase A), and the control signals of (a1) and (a4) are set to a low voltage, and the control signals of (a2) and (a3) are set to a high voltage so that a negative pulse ( (Phase A in FIG. 7B) is generated.

  In the phase state of the B phase, the control signal of (a1) and (a4) is set to a low voltage, and the control signal of (a2) and (a3) is set to a high voltage, so that a negative pulse (FIG. b) phase B), the control signals (a1) and (a4) are set to a high voltage, and the control signals (a2) and (a3) are set to a low voltage, whereby a positive pulse ( 7B) is generated.

  In the phase multiplexed output voltage of FIG. 7C, (c1) shows the output voltage obtained by multiplexing and separating the A phase multiplexed output voltage, and (c2) shows the multiplexed output voltage of the B phase. The output voltage is shown. A phase and B phase are phase-separated.

  In each phase multiplexed separated output voltage of A phase and B phase, the multiplexed separated output voltage has a period of [0, T] as one period, and a fundamental frequency component and a harmonic number component whose frequency is the reciprocal of this period. Since it is included as a component, the multiplexed output voltage is in a state where the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component are multiplexed. The peak values of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component can be adjusted by the position of the pulse within one period.

  The fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component multiplexed on the multiplexed output voltage can be separated by demultiplexing based on the electrical characteristics of the frequency. FIG. 7D shows the filter output voltage, the solid line shows the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the third harmonic component. (d1) and (d3) show the fundamental frequency and harmonic components of the A-phase filter output voltage, and (d2) and (d4) show the fundamental frequency and harmonic components of the B-phase filter output voltage. Yes.

  FIG. 7E shows the rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying each frequency component that has been multiplexed and separated, the solid line shows the rectified output voltage of the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the rectified output voltage of the third harmonic component. ing.

  The phase multiplexing shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 shows an example in which phase multiplexing is performed using an odd function multiplexed output voltage and an even function multiplexed output voltage.

  FIG. 8 shows an example in which phase multiplexing is performed by generating an odd function multiplexed output voltage and an even function multiplexed output voltage in different periods. FIG. 8A shows the phase multiplexed output voltage, FIG. 8B shows the phase multiplexed separated output voltage, and FIG. 8C shows the multiplexed separation based on the phase by the odd function and the even function, and the frequency. The output voltage after demultiplexing is shown.

  In FIG. 8 (c), (c1) shows the output voltage of the fundamental frequency of the odd function, (c3) shows the output voltage of the third harmonic component of the odd function, and (c2) shows the DC component of the even function. The output voltage is shown, and (c4) shows the output voltage of the second harmonic component of the even function.

  FIG. 8D shows the rectified output voltage, (d1) shows the rectified output voltage of the output voltage having the odd fundamental frequency, and (d3) shows the rectified output voltage of the output voltage of the third harmonic component of the odd function. (D2) indicates the rectified output voltage of the output voltage corresponding to the DC of the even function, and (d4) indicates the rectified output voltage of the output voltage of the second harmonic component of the even function.

  FIG. 9 shows an example in which phase multiplexing is performed by generating an odd function multiplexed output voltage and an even function multiplexed output voltage within the same period.

  FIG. 9A shows the phase multiplexed output voltage, and FIG. 9B shows the phase multiplexed output voltage. In FIG. 9, a thick solid line indicates an odd function, and a thin solid line indicates an even function. In FIG. 9A, a multiplexed output voltage indicated by a thick solid line and a multiplexed output voltage indicated by a thin solid line have different pulse positions, one being an odd function and the other being an even function.

  In FIG. 9B, (b1) shows the phase multiplexed separated output voltage when the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed with the odd function is multiplexed and separated, and (b2) is the multiplexed output multiplexed with the even function. The phase multiplexing separation output voltage when the voltage is multiplexed and separated is shown. The odd-function multiplexed output voltage and the even-function multiplexed output voltage are multiplexed within the same period, but can be separated by demultiplexing by phase because the phases are shifted by 90 degrees.

  In FIG. 9 (c), (c1) shows the output voltage of the fundamental frequency when multiplexed with an odd function, (c3) shows the output voltage of the third harmonic component when multiplexed with an odd function, (c2) shows the output voltage of the DC component when multiplexed with the even function, and (c4) shows the output voltage of the second harmonic component when multiplexed with the even function.

  FIG. 9 (d) shows the rectified output voltage, (d1) shows the rectified output voltage of the output voltage of the odd function fundamental frequency, and (d3) shows the rectified output voltage of the output voltage of the third harmonic component of the odd function. (D2) indicates the rectified output voltage of the output voltage corresponding to the DC of the even function, and (d4) indicates the rectified output voltage of the output voltage of the second harmonic component of the even function.

[Time division mode of frequency multiplexing]
A mode of performing frequency multiplexing by time division will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10A shows a configuration example of a power supply apparatus and a power supply system that perform frequency multiplexing in a time division manner, and FIG. 11 shows signal states of respective units.

  In the power supply device 1 shown in FIG. 10 (a), the multiplexing circuit 3 outputs a multiplexed output voltage in which a plurality of output voltages having different phases are multiplexed by phase multiplexing the DC voltage of the DC power supply 2A. . The demultiplexing circuit 11 time-divides the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed into the multiplexed output voltage by the time divider 11D and the period discriminator 11C, and then multiplexes the multiplexed output voltage by the band pass filter 11A. Separated into output voltages. The time divider 11D time-divisions the multiplexed output voltage based on the period extracted from the multiplexed output voltage by the period discriminator 11C. The bandpass filter 11A multiplexes and demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage time-divided by the time divider 11D by frequency.

  FIG. 11 shows signal states of each part of an example in which frequency multiplexing of the power supply system is performed in a time division manner, FIG. 11 (a) shows an example of a control signal generated by the control signal generator 5, and FIG. 11 shows the multiplexed output voltage of the multiplexing circuit 3, FIG. 11C shows the output voltage multiplexed and separated by the time division 11D of the multiplexing separation circuit 11, and FIG. 11D shows the band pass. The output voltage multiplexed and separated by the frequency separation by the filter 11A is shown, and FIG. 11 (e) shows the rectified output voltage of the rectifier 12.

  11A controls the opening and closing of each switching element of the inverter 4a constituting the switching circuit 4A. When the voltage is high, the switching element is closed and turned on, and when the voltage is low, the switching element is opened and turned off. And The control signals (a1) and (a3) control the switching elements connected to the high voltage side, and the control signals (a2) and (a4) control the switching elements connected to the low voltage side. The switching elements controlled by the control signals (a1) and (a2) are connected in series, and the switching elements controlled by the control signals (a3) and (a4) are connected in series.

  The multiplexed output voltage shown in FIG. 11B performs frequency multiplexing in the period A and the period B using an odd function or an even function. FIG. 11B shows the case of frequency multiplexing with an odd function.

  In the period A, the control signals (a1) and (a4) are set to a high voltage, and the control signals (a2) and (a3) are set to a low voltage so that the multiplexed output voltage has a positive pulse (as shown in FIG. 11B). Period A) is generated, and the control signals of (a1) and (a4) are set to a low voltage, and the control signals of (a2) and (a3) are set to a high voltage, thereby negative pulses in the multiplexed output voltage (FIG. 11 ( Generate period A) of b).

  Also in the period B, by setting the control signals (a1) and (a4) to a high voltage and the control signals (a2) and (a3) to a low voltage, the multiplexed output voltage has a positive pulse (FIG. 11B). Period B), the control signals (a1) and (a4) are set to a low voltage, and the control signals (a2) and (a3) are set to a high voltage, thereby causing a negative pulse in the multiplexed output voltage (FIG. 11). Generate period B) of (b).

  In the period A and the period B, the voltage value of the pulse of the output voltage generated in each period can be adjusted by changing the pulse position and the pulse width of the multiplexed output voltage.

  In the time-division output voltage of FIG. 11C, the output voltages of the periods A and B can be time-divided in units of periods. Further, each of the multiplexed output voltages in the period A and the period B is a state in which the frequency component of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component having the frequency of [0, T] as one cycle and the frequency of the reciprocal of this cycle are multiplexed Therefore, the period A and the period B can be separated by multiplexing and demultiplexing in a time division manner, and further, the frequency multiplexed output multiplexed by the frequency of the period A and the period B demultiplexed by the time division Each voltage can be demultiplexed by frequency. For example, when the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed and separated by time division is an odd function, it can be frequency-separated into a fundamental frequency component and odd harmonic components, and multiplexed and separated by time division. When the multiplexed output voltage is an even function, the frequency can be separated into a direct current component and an even-order harmonic component.

  FIG. 11D shows the filter output voltage, the solid line shows the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the harmonic component. (d1) and (d3) show the fundamental frequency components and harmonic components of the filter output voltage in period A, and (d2) and (d4) show the fundamental frequency components and harmonic components of the filter output voltage in period B. Yes. FIG. 11E shows the rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying each frequency component that has been demultiplexed and separated, and the solid line shows the output voltage of the fundamental frequency component (e1) in period A and the fundamental frequency component (e2) in period B. The broken line indicates the rectified output voltage of the third harmonic component (e3) in period A and the third harmonic component (e4) in period B.

[Amplitude multiplexing mode]
A mode of performing amplitude multiplexing will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10B shows a configuration example of a power supply apparatus and a power supply system that perform amplitude multiplexing, and FIG. 12 shows a signal example.

  In the power supply apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 10B, the multiplexing circuit 3 outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by multiplexing a plurality of output voltages having different amplitudes by amplitude multiplexing the DC voltage of the DC power supply 2A. In amplitude multiplexing, frequency multiplexing is performed together with DC voltage pulsing. Therefore, demultiplexing of the multiplexed output voltage subjected to amplitude multiplexing performs demultiplexing by frequency and demultiplexing by amplitude. The demultiplexing circuit 11 performs frequency multiplexing and demultiplexing by the band-pass filter 11A, and then amplitude demultiplexes and separates a plurality of output voltages multiplexed by amplitude multiplexing by the amplitude discriminator 11E.

  FIG. 12 shows the signal state of each part of an example of performing amplitude multiplexing of the power supply system, FIG. 12 (a) shows an example of the control signal generated by the control signal generator 5, and FIG. 12 (b) shows the multiplexing. FIG. 12C shows the output voltage that has been frequency-multiplexed and separated by the band-pass filter 11A of the demultiplexing circuit 11, and FIG. 12D shows the amplitude of the output voltage that has been frequency-multiplexed and separated. The output voltage subjected to amplitude multiplexing and separation by the discriminator 11E is shown. FIG. 12 (e) shows a rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying the output voltage obtained from two demultiplexed voltages of frequency multiplexing separation and amplitude multiplexing separation by the rectifier 12.

  The control signal in FIG. 12A controls the opening and closing of each switching element of the inverter 4a constituting the switching circuit 4A. When the voltage is high, the switching element is closed and turned on, and when the voltage is low, the switching element is opened and turned off. And The control signals (a1) and (a3) control the switching elements connected to the high voltage side, and the control signals (a2) and (a4) control the switching elements connected to the low voltage side. The switching elements controlled by the control signals (a1) and (a2) are connected in series, and the switching elements controlled by the control signals (a3) and (a4) are connected in series.

  In period C and period D, a positive pulse is generated in the multiplexed output voltage by setting the control signals (a1) and (a4) to a high voltage and the control signals (a2) and (a3) to a low voltage, Negative pulses are generated in the multiplexed output voltage by setting the control signals (a1) and (a4) to a low voltage and the control signals (a2) and (a3) to a high voltage. The multiplexed output voltage is multiplexed in frequency and amplitude by adjusting the pulse width.

  It should be noted that both the period C and the period D are frequency-multiplexed and amplitude-multiplexed with an even function, or one of the periods C and D is frequency-multiplexed and amplitude-multiplexed with an even function, and the other period is A mode of frequency multiplexing and amplitude multiplexing with an odd function may be adopted.

  The multiplexed output voltage of each period C and D has a period of [0, T] as one period, and the frequency component is multiplexed with the frequency component of the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic number component having this period as the frequency, and multiplexed with the amplitude. It is in the state that was done. When frequency-multiplexed with an odd function, the multiplexed output voltage can be frequency-multiplexed and separated into a fundamental frequency component and an odd-order harmonic component, and when frequency-multiplexed with an even function The multiplexed output voltage can be frequency-multiplexed and separated into a DC component and an even-order harmonic component.

  FIG. 12B shows a demultiplexed output voltage obtained by demultiplexing the multiplexed output voltage obtained by performing frequency multiplexing and amplitude multiplexing with an odd function in the period C and the period D.

  The output voltage subjected to frequency multiplexing and separation is multiplexed with amplitude. The amplitude discriminator 11E multiplexes and demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage that has been amplitude multiplexed by comparing the filter output voltage with a threshold value.

  FIG. 12C shows the filter output voltage subjected to frequency multiplexing and separation, the solid line shows the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line shows the harmonic component. (c1) shows the fundamental frequency component of the filter output voltage in periods C and D, and (c2) shows the harmonic component of the filter output voltage in periods C and D. A one-dot chain line indicates a threshold value. FIG. 12D shows an amplitude discrimination output voltage subjected to amplitude multiplexing, a solid line shows an output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination of the fundamental frequency component, and a broken line shows an output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination of the harmonic component. (d1) shows the output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination of the fundamental frequency component in period C, (d2) shows the output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination of the fundamental frequency component in period D, and (d3) shows the harmonic frequency component in period C. The output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination is shown, and (d2) shows the output voltage obtained by amplitude discrimination of harmonic frequency components in period D.

  FIG. 12E shows the rectified output voltage obtained by rectifying the output voltage multiplexed and separated by frequency and amplitude, the solid line (e1) shows the rectified output voltage of the fundamental frequency component in period C, and (e2) Represents the rectified output voltage of the fundamental frequency component of period D, (e3) represents the rectified output voltage of the harmonic component of period C, and (e4) represents the rectified output voltage of the harmonic component of period D. The rectified output voltage (e1) and the rectified output voltage (e2) are demultiplexed by amplitude, and the rectified output voltage (e3) and the rectified output voltage (e4) are demultiplexed by amplitude.

[Example of frequency multiplexing]
Embodiments of the power supply apparatus and the power supply system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The embodiment described here is an example in which frequency multiplexing is performed, and is a configuration example using a DC power supply. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the power supply apparatus and the power supply system, FIG. 14 is an example of a control signal for driving the switching element, and FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the driving of the switching element constituting the inverter. FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a design example of the voltage waveform of the multiplexed output voltage when multiplexing by frequency, and FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the voltage waveform of the multiplexed output voltage. FIG. 18 is a Bode diagram of a band pass filter for performing frequency multiplexing and separation, FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a voltage waveform of an output voltage of the band pass filter, and FIG. FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining a voltage waveform of the output voltage of the rectifier, FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining a step response current of the DC motor, and FIG. 22 is a diagram explaining a step response current of the DC motor. It is a diagram of the eye.

  Here, a case where a DC motor is used as a load will be described as an example. In FIG. 13, a single power supply device 1 drives a plurality of DC motors 21 a and 21 b independently and simultaneously. In order to supply a plurality of output voltages for driving a plurality of DC motors 21a, 21b by a single power supply device 1, the plurality of output voltages are pulsed and multiplexed according to frequency. In this embodiment, frequency multiplexing, which is pulsed by frequency and multiplexed, is referred to as frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation (FPM) frequency-multiplexed pulse width modulation (FPM).

  In this frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation control, a pulse width modulation output voltage (PWM output voltage) pattern that applies a desired voltage to each frequency band is designed and multiplexed on the power supply device side based on the pattern design. After generating the output voltage, the output voltage is multiplexed and separated into each frequency component by passing the multiplexed output voltage through a band-pass filter on the load side. Since the output voltage obtained by demultiplexing the frequency components is an AC voltage having a rectangular waveform, the output voltage is rectified and smoothed and then applied to each DC motor 21a, 21b as a load. Thus, the plurality of DC motors 21a and 21b are driven independently and simultaneously.

(Frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation control)
FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the power supply device and the power supply system, and shows a configuration example of frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation control in the case of driving two DC motors 21a and 21b. . In the following configuration example, the pulse width modulation output voltage corresponds to the multiplexed output voltage.

The power supply system 10 includes a power supply device 1, a demultiplexing circuit 11, and a rectifier 12, and the output of the rectifier 12 is applied to DC motors 21a and 21b. The power supply device 1 is a multiplexing circuit composed of a DC power source 2A and a pulse forming circuit 4 connected between the positive and negative output terminals of the DC power source 2A and a control signal generator 5 for controlling the driving of the pulse forming circuit 4. A circuit 3 is provided. The switching circuit of the pulse forming circuit 4 shown in the figure is an example of a full bridge circuit, and an inverter is configured by bridge-connecting the _four switching elements S _{1 to} S ₄ . Each switching element S _{1 to} S ₄ of the inverter is driven and controlled by a control signal generated by the control signal generator 5.

  The demultiplexing circuit 11 is composed of a band pass filter 11A (11Aa, 11Ab) in which a DC connection of an inductance L and a capacitor C and a parallel connection of a resistor R are connected in a ladder shape. The rectifiers 12 (12a, 12b) are prepared corresponding to the DC motors 21 (21a, 21b) as loads, and pass through the band-pass filters 11A (11Aa, 11Ab) to transform, rectify, and smooth the output voltages, respectively. After that, it is applied to the DC motor 21 (21a, 21b). In FIG. 13, R, L, C, S, and i represent resistance, inductance, capacitance, switch, and current, respectively, and V and e represent voltage. E represents a DC power supply voltage.

The frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation control is performed according to the following procedure 1 to procedure 8.
1. A desired voltage to be applied to each load and a frequency band to be assigned to the voltage are determined, and a PWM output voltage pattern for applying the desired voltage for each frequency band is designed.
2. A control signal for generating the designed PWM output voltage pattern by the inverter is set.
3. A control signal set from the control signal generator is generated, and the four switching elements S _{1 to} S ₄ included in the full bridge circuit of the inverter are switched by the control signal to generate a pulse width modulation output voltage (PWM output voltage) pattern. .
4). The pulse width modulation output voltage is passed through a band pass filter and separated into frequency components.
5. A single-phase bridge type full-wave rectifier circuit converts an AC voltage, which is an output voltage of the bandpass filter, into a DC voltage.
6). A DC voltage is passed through a smoothing circuit to reduce voltage fluctuation.
7). The obtained output voltage is applied to each DC motor, and the voltage applied to each DC motor is adjusted independently.
8). The voltage state applied to the DC motor is detected, the detection signal is fed back to the control signal generator, and the control signal is adjusted.

  Of the above procedures, steps 3 to 8 are control steps for driving the DC motor, and steps 1 and 2 are pre-steps for the control step of the DC motor.

(Pulse width modulation output voltage (PWM output voltage) pattern design)
Hereinafter, the design of the pulse width modulation output voltage (PWM output voltage) pattern will be described.
The full bridge circuit of the inverter includes four switching elements S _{1 to} S _{4. By} switching these switching elements, three stages of E, −E, 0 are generated based on the DC voltage E of the DC power supply. Output voltage.

FIG. 15 shows an example of the driving order of the switching elements S _{1 to} S ₄ . When the switching elements S ₁ and S ₄ are on (FIGS. 15A and 15C), the output voltage is E, and when the switching elements S ₂ and S ₃ are ON (FIG. 15E and FIG. 15). (G)) The output voltage is -E. Further, when the switching elements S ₁ and S ₃ are on, the output voltage is zero.

  When the switching control signal shown in FIG. 14 is input to the inverter, the voltage waveform of the bridge circuit is as shown in FIG.

In FIG. 16, a PWM output voltage pattern is designed using the pulse positions α ₁ and α ₂ in the cycle as parameters. Here, a case of an odd function having symmetry in which the voltage polarity of a pulse is reversed at a half cycle is shown.

By applying a Fourier series expansion to the output voltage of FIG. 16, the coefficient b _n of the Fourier series is expressed by the following equation.

で表される。
ここで、ｎは周期をＴとする基本波に対する高調波の次数である。

It is represented by
Here, n is the order of the harmonic with respect to the fundamental wave whose period is T.

The output voltage v is expressed by the odd function equation (4) using the coefficient b _n . Since the peak value decreases with higher harmonics, the output voltage v is expressed here up to the fundamental wave and the third harmonic.
v = b ₁ · sinωT + b ₃ · sin3ωT + (4)

Substituting 1 and 3 into n in the equation (1), the Fourier series coefficient b _n in the fundamental wave and the third harmonic is _expressed by the following equations (5) and (6).

When the fundamental voltage is v ₁ and the third harmonic voltage is v ₂ , they are represented by the following equations (7) and (8), respectively.

By substituting the right side of equation (5) into equation (6), the following equation (9) is obtained.

Further, when Expression (10) obtained from Expression (4) is substituted into Expression (9), Expression (11) is obtained.

Equation (12) is obtained by solving equation (11), and equation (13) is obtained by substituting the obtained equation (12) into equation (10).

Therefore, α ₁ and α ₂ are expressed by the following formulas (14) and (15).

By setting α ₁ and α ₂ by the equations (14) and (15), the fundamental wave voltage v ₁ and the third harmonic voltage v ₂ of the PWM output voltage can be set.

(Simulation example)
A simulation example of open loop current control by “PSIM” will be described below. Table 1 shows the parameters used for the simulation.

The fundamental voltage v ₁ and the third harmonic voltage v _{2 that} are voltage reference values necessary for calculating the parameters α ₁ and α ₂ used for designing the PWM output voltage pattern are the current command values i ₁ ^-cmd and i _2. the following equation by multiplying the efficiency η of the rectifier resistance R _n and a band pass filter of the DC motor to ^-cmd (16), is derived by (17).

  FIG. 17 shows an output voltage waveform of PWM control. A voltage waveform (FIG. 16) designed by PWM control using an inverter bridge circuit is generated, and then separated into a fundamental wave component and a low-order harmonic component using a band-pass filter. FIG. 18 shows a Bode diagram of the bandpass filter.

  In the simulation, voltage is applied to the two DC motors through the 6250 Hz band that is the fundamental wave and the 18750 Hz band that is the third harmonic, so the band pass filter has two passive bands in the pass band in these frequency bands. You are using a filter.

FIG. 19 shows the output voltage waveform of the band pass filter. The thick solid line output voltage v ₁ is the output voltage of the bandpass filter that passes the fundamental component, and the thin solid line output voltage v ₂ is the output voltage of the bandpass filter that passes the third harmonic component. FIG. 19 shows that the PWM output voltage is separated from v ₁ and v ₂ by frequency.

  Since the PWM output voltage is an AC voltage and its average value is zero, the DC motor cannot be driven by this AC voltage. In order to drive the DC motor, AC-DC conversion is performed from an AC voltage to a DC voltage using a rectifier. FIG. 20 shows the output voltage waveform of the rectifier. At this time, a smoothing capacitor is used to suppress voltage fluctuation.

  FIG. 21 shows the current response of the DC motor to the step input, and FIG. 22 shows the current response of the DC motor to the sine wave input.

21 and 22, i _1command represents the current command value of the fundamental wave side motor, i ₁ represents the current response value of the fundamental wave side motor, i _2command represents the current command value of the third harmonic side motor, i ₂ represents the current response values of the third harmonic side motor.

  21 and 22 confirm that the currents of the two DC motors can be controlled independently and simultaneously by one power supply device.

  The simulation shows that a plurality of DC motors can be controlled independently and simultaneously by assigning a plurality of voltages to different frequency bands by frequency division multiplexing pulse width modulation control in the power supply apparatus of the present application.

  In the above, an example in which the DC voltage of the DC power supply is pulsed and multiplexed is shown, but the present invention can also be applied to the case where the AC voltage of the AC power supply is pulsed and multiplexed. 23 shows a case where the power source is an AC power source, FIG. 23 (a) shows a configuration example, FIG. 23 (b) shows a power source voltage, FIG. 23 (c) shows a multiplexed output voltage, and FIG. (D) shows the demultiplexed output voltage. FIG. 23 shows the case of frequency multiplexing.

  When the power source is the AC power source 2B, the switching circuit 4B included in the pulse forming circuit 4 can be configured by an exchange circuit such as a matrix converter that converts the AC voltage by on / off control, and the power source voltage (FIG. 23 ( The alternating voltage of b)) is turned on and off based on the control signal of the control signal generator 5 and pulsed to form a multiplexed output voltage (FIG. 23 (c)) multiplexed at the frequency. A bandpass filter (bandpass filter) 11A in the demultiplexing circuit 11 frequency-separates the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component contained in the multiplexed output voltage. The solid line in FIG. 23 (d) represents the fundamental frequency component, and the broken line represents the third harmonic component. Application to an AC power supply is not limited to frequency multiplexing, but can also be applied to phase multiplexing and amplitude multiplexing.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to control a plurality of loads with a single power supply device, and it is possible to reduce the power supply device and its associated electronic components, thereby reducing the cost, weight and size of the system. Can contribute.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications can be made based on the spirit of the present invention, and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

  The power supply device and the power supply system of the present invention can be applied not only to a DC load driven by a DC voltage such as a DC motor but also to an AC load driven by an AC voltage.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power supply device 2 Power supply 2A DC power supply 2B AC power supply 3 Multiplex circuit 4 Pulse formation circuit 4A, 4B Switching circuit 4a Inverter 5 Control signal generator 6 Frequency multiplexer 10 Power supply system 11 Demultiplexing circuit 11A Band pass filter 11B phase discriminator 11C synchronous discriminator 11D at divider 11E amplitude discriminator 12 rectifier 13 divider 20 load 21 DC motor 21a, 21b DC motor S ₁ -S ₄ switching elements

Claims (10)

Power supply,
The power supply voltage of the power supply is pulsed, the pulse characteristics of the pulsed pulse are adjusted, and a multiplexing circuit that outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by multiplexing a plurality of output voltages, and
The multiplexing circuit is:
A pulse forming circuit for outputting a multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulsing the power supply voltage of the power supply;
Controls the pulse formation timing of the pulse forming circuit and adjusts the pulse position within one period of the multiplexed output voltage, the symmetry of voltage polarity, the pulse phase between each period, and at least one pulse characteristic of the pulse width A control signal generator for generating a control signal, wherein the pulse forming circuit adjusts a pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage according to the control signal, and the plurality of output voltages are adjusted in frequency, phase, and amplitude by adjusting the pulse characteristic. A power supply device that multiplexes at least one output voltage characteristic. The pulse forming circuit includes a switching circuit that connects a bridge circuit of a switching element between both ends of the power supply voltage of the power supply, and outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulsing the power supply voltage by opening and closing the switching element,
The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the control signal generator generates a control signal for controlling a switching timing of a switching element of the switching circuit. The control signal has a pulse position within the one cycle as a parameter in the pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage,
The pulsing is characterized in that frequency multiplexing is performed using the pulse position as a parameter, a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing a DC voltage to an output voltage of a different frequency, and an output voltage of a different frequency is multiplexed. The power supply device according to claim 1 or 2. The control signal uses the symmetry of the voltage polarity as a parameter with the pulse position within the one cycle in the pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage as symmetric with respect to a half cycle within one cycle,
The pulsing performs phase multiplexing using the symmetry of the voltage polarity as a parameter, and generates a multiplexed output voltage in which a DC voltage is multiplexed into an output voltage of a different phase by phase multiplexing,
The multiplexed output voltage is
The voltage polarity is the same polarity or different polarity for a half cycle within one cycle,
In the same polarity voltage polarity, it is an output voltage in which multiple output voltages of odd functions of different frequencies are multiplexed,
3. The power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of output voltages of even functions having different frequencies are output voltages obtained by multiplexing the voltage polarities having different polarities. The control signal has, as a parameter, a pulse phase that shifts the pulse phase between the periods in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage by a half period or a quarter period,
The pulsation is performed by phase multiplexing with the pulse phase as a parameter, and a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing the DC voltage into an output voltage of a different phase by phase multiplexing,
The multiplexed output voltage whose pulse phase period is shifted by a half period is an output voltage obtained by multiplexing two output voltages whose phases are shifted by a half period,
3. The multiplexed output voltage whose pulse phase period is shifted by a quarter period is an output voltage obtained by multiplexing four output voltages whose phases are shifted by a quarter period. The power supply device described. The control signal uses the pulse width between the periods in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage as a parameter,
The pulsation performs amplitude multiplexing using the pulse width as a parameter, and generates a multiplexed output voltage obtained by multiplexing a DC voltage to an output voltage of a different amplitude by amplitude multiplexing,
The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the multiplexed output voltage is an output voltage obtained by multiplexing a plurality of output voltages having different output voltage amplitudes.   4. The power supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pulsing is performed by changing the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage in each period in a time division manner with the period as a unit. The control signal has, as parameters, a pulse position within the one cycle in the pulse characteristics of the multiplexed output voltage, and a pulse phase that shifts the pulse phase between each cycle by a half cycle or a quarter cycle,
The pulsing is performed by frequency multiplexing using the pulse position as a parameter, generating a multiplexed output voltage obtained by multiplexing a DC voltage to an output voltage of a different frequency, and multiplexing output voltages of different frequencies,
Phase multiplexing is performed using the pulse phase as a parameter, and a multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing a DC voltage into an output voltage of a different phase by phase multiplexing,
2. The output voltage of different frequency is multiplexed by the frequency multiplexing, and the multiplexed output voltage is generated by multiplexing the DC voltage to the output voltage of different phase by the phase multiplexing. 2. The power supply apparatus according to 2. Power supply,
A power supply voltage of the power supply is pulsed, a power supply voltage of the power supply is pulsed, a pulse characteristic of the pulsed pulse is adjusted, and a multiplexing circuit that outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by multiplexing a plurality of output voltages;
A demultiplexing circuit for demultiplexing the multiplexed output voltage of the multiplexing circuit and separating the multiplexed output voltage into a plurality of output voltages;
A distributor for distributing a plurality of output voltages separated by the multiplexing separation path;
The multiplexing circuit is:
A pulse forming circuit for outputting a multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulsing the power supply voltage of the power supply;
Controls the pulse formation timing of the pulse forming circuit and adjusts the pulse position within one period of the multiplexed output voltage, the symmetry of voltage polarity, the pulse phase between each period, and at least one pulse characteristic of the pulse width A control signal generator for generating a control signal, wherein the pulse forming circuit adjusts a pulse characteristic of the multiplexed output voltage according to the control signal, and the plurality of output voltages are adjusted in frequency, phase, and amplitude by adjusting the pulse characteristic. Multiplexing at least one output voltage characteristic of
The demultiplexing circuit demultiplexes the multiplexed output voltage multiplexed by the multiplexing circuit into output voltages based on output voltage characteristics obtained by multiplexing the multiplexed output voltage. Power supply system. The pulse forming circuit includes a switching circuit that connects a bridge circuit of a switching element between both ends of the power supply voltage of the power supply, and outputs a multiplexed output voltage obtained by pulsing the power supply voltage by opening and closing the switching element,
The power supply system according to claim 9, wherein the control signal generator generates a control signal for controlling an opening / closing timing of a switching element of the switching circuit.

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