JP2016124083A - Surface broach - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface broach capable of being easily produced.SOLUTION: A surface broach 20 where a plurality of columns of cutting edges are disposed by a plurality of stages, is configured from divided broaches 21 to 23 into which the surface broach 20 is divided into three in the column direction, in each of the divided broaches 21 to 23, chip pockets in the same stage are formed into the same shape, the cutting edges of the three divided broaches 21 to 23 are disposed into a circular arc shape in the column direction so as to correspond to a processing range of a circular arc shape, and the adjacent divided broaches 21 to 23 are disposed to be staggered in the stage direction so that positions of the cutting edges of the divided broach 22 match positions of the chip pockets of the adjacent divided broaches 21 and 23.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface broach for processing a ratchet groove or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 5, it is necessary to process a ratchet groove G on the outer periphery of a part W used in a parking brake of an automobile or a reclining mechanism of a seat. Such processing of the ratchet groove G is performed by a surface broach or the like.

JP 49-38274 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-19427

  A surface broach that processes a ratchet groove has the following problems in its production. These will be described with reference to FIGS. Reference numeral 51 denotes a holder for attachment to the processing machine, reference numeral 52 denotes a surface broach attached to the holder 51, and reference numeral 53 denotes a cutting blade of the surface broach 52.

(1) When the integrated surface broach 52 is manufactured, the cutting blade 53 must be arranged in an arc shape (radius R) in accordance with the arc shape of the ratchet groove G of the component W. It is necessary to arrange in an arc shape, and it is difficult to process the blade groove 53a.
(2) When grinding the rake face 53b of the cutting edge 53, the grindstone to be ground must be sent in the arc direction, which makes it difficult to grind the rake face 53b.
(3) In order to perform the processing and grinding of the above (1) and (2), equipment for moving the surface broach 52 in the arc direction is necessary, and without such equipment, processing and grinding are difficult. . If the surface broach 52 is produced with the conventional equipment that moves linearly, the shape of the cutting edge 53 near the center (as viewed from the arrow E1-E1) becomes the shape shown in FIG. The shape of the cutting blade 53 in the vicinity of the portion (E2-E2 arrow view) is the shape shown in FIG. 6C, and the edge groove 53a at the end portion becomes deep and narrow.

  As described above, since it is not easy to manufacture an integrated surface broach, a surface broach that can be easily manufactured is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a surface broach that is easy to manufacture.

The surface broach according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
A surface broach with multiple rows of cutting blades arranged in multiple stages,
It is composed of divided broaches in which the column direction is divided into n odd numbers of 3 or more,
In each of the divided broaches, the blade grooves in the same step are made the same shape,
In correspondence with the processing range of the arc shape, the cutting blades of the n pieces of the divided broach are arranged in an arc shape in the row direction,
The adjacent divided broaches are shifted in the step direction so that the position of the cutting edge of one adjacent divided broach is the position of the blade groove of the other adjacent divided broach. And

The surface broach according to the second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is
In the surface broach according to the first invention,
It is characterized in that the divided broach other than the center is shifted in line symmetry with respect to the divided broach arranged in the center.

A surface broach according to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is
In the surface broach according to the second invention,
The arc-shaped machining range is equally divided into 2 × (n−1) pieces,
The plurality of rows of the cutting blades corresponding to [1 / {2 × (n−1)}] are formed in the divided broach arranged at both ends, and the plurality of the divided broaches other than both ends are formed in the plurality. The cutting blades having the number of rows corresponding to [2 / {2 × (n−1)}] of the rows are formed.

A surface broach according to a fourth invention for solving the above-described problems is as follows.
A surface broach with multiple rows of cutting blades arranged in multiple stages,
It is composed of divided broaches in which the column direction is divided into n multiples of 4,
In each of the divided broaches, the blade grooves in the same step are made the same shape,
Corresponding to the arc-shaped machining range, the cutting blades of the n pieces of the divided broach are arranged in an arc shape in the row direction,
Except for the two divided broaches arranged in the center, adjacent to each other so that the position of the cutting edge of one of the adjacent divided broaches is the position of the blade groove of the other adjacent divided broach. The divided broaches are arranged so as to be shifted in the step direction.

A surface broach according to a fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the surface broach according to the fourth invention,
With respect to the two divided broaches arranged at the center, the divided broaches excluding the two at the center are arranged so as to be shifted in line symmetry.

A surface broach according to a sixth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
In the surface broach according to any one of the first to fifth inventions,
a sub-holder in which n mounting holes are formed;
The n divided broaches are respectively attached to the n mounting holes, and the cutting blades of the n divided broaches are arranged in an arc shape in a row direction.

  According to the first and fourth aspects of the invention, it is composed of n divided broaches, and in each of the divided broaches, the same-stage blade grooves are formed in the same shape, so that a surface broach that is easy to manufacture can be provided. it can.

  According to the first, second, fourth, and fifth inventions, the adjacent divided broaches are arranged so as to be shifted in the step direction, so that variation in cutting load can be reduced.

  According to 3rd invention, while forming the cutting blade of the row | line number corresponding to [1 / {2 * (n-1)}] of multiple rows (all rows) to the division | segmentation broach arrange | positioned at both ends, Since the cutting blades having the number of rows corresponding to [2 / {2 × (n-1)}] in a plurality of rows (all rows) are formed on the divided broach other than both ends, cutting between groups having the same cutting blade position is performed. The number of blade rows is the same, the cutting load can be made uniform, and the variation in cutting load can be reduced.

  According to the sixth aspect, since the n divided broaches are respectively attached to the n mounting holes of the sub-holder, the n divided broaches can be formed as an integrated surface broach.

It is a side view showing an example of an embodiment of a surface broach concerning the present invention. It is the side view which attached the surface broach shown in FIG. 1 to the sub-holder and the holder. (A) is a top view of the surface broach and sub-holder shown in FIG. 2, (b) is the side view which expanded the cutting blade. (A) is a figure which shows the division | segmentation broach which comprises the surface broach shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a D1-D1 line | wire and D2-D2 line | wire arrow line view of (a), (c) These are the D3-D3 line and D4-D4 line arrow figure of (a), (d) is the D5-D5 line and D6-D6 line arrow figure of (a). It is a figure which shows the components by which the ratchet groove was processed. (A) is a side view which shows the surface broach and holder which process a ratchet groove | channel on components, (b) is an E1-E1 arrow directional view of (a), (c) is (a). It is an E2-E2 line arrow directional view.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a surface broach according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

Example 1
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a surface broach of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a side view of the surface broach shown in FIG. 1 attached to the sub-holder and the holder. 3A is a top view of the surface broach and sub-holder shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is an enlarged side view of the cutting blade. FIG. 4A is a diagram showing a divided broach constituting the surface broach shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4B is a line D1-D1 line and a D2-D2 line arrow in FIG. 4 (c) is a view taken along arrows D3-D3 and D4-D4 in FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. 4 (d) is a view taken along line D5-D5 in FIG. 4 (a). And D6-D6 line arrow view.

  As described above, it is difficult to manufacture the surface broach as a single unit in accordance with the arc shape of the ratchet groove G of the component W. Therefore, in this embodiment, the surface broach is composed of a plurality of divided broaches.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, the surface broach 20 in which a plurality of rows (m rows in all rows) of cutting blades are arranged in a plurality of stages is arranged in an n-number (in this case, 3) which is an odd number of 3 or more. It is comprised from the division | segmentation broach 21-23 divided | segmented into piece.

  First, in order to set the attachment angle of the three divided broaches 21 to 23, the first divided angle B is obtained. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, when the machining angle corresponding to the machining range of the arc-shaped ratchet groove G is A, the machining angle A is equally divided into two to obtain the first division angle B. ing. That is, B = A / 2.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a sub-holder 12 is used separately from the holder 11 for attaching to the processing machine, and the sub-holder 12 is attached to the sub-holder 12 with the divided broaches 21 to 23 attached to the holder. 11, thereby forming one integrated surface broach 20.

When the divided broaches 21 and 23 are attached to the sub holder 12, the first division angle B described above becomes the attachment angle to the sub holder 12. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the attachment angle θ ₂ of the divided broach 22 at the center to the sub holder 12 is 90 °, the attachment angle θ ₁ of the divided broach 21 to the sub holder 12 is [90 + B] °, and the divided broach The attachment angle θ ₃ of 23 to the sub-holder 12 is [90−B] °.

Each of the divided broaches 21 to 23 is inserted into the sub-holder 12, and the mounting holes 14 to 16 for mounting at the angles θ _{1 to} θ ₃ and the bolts 31 are inserted from the bottom so that the bottoms of the divided broaches 21 to 23 are attached. Bolt holes 17 to 19 to be fixed are provided, the divided broaches 21 to 23 are inserted into the mounting holes 14 to 16, the bolts 31 are inserted from the bolt holes 17 to 19, and the divided broaches 21 to 23 are inserted. Each of the divided broaches 21 to 23 is attached to the sub-holder 12 by fixing the bottom portion thereof with a bolt 31. Accordingly, the cutting blades 24 to 26 of the three divided broaches 21 to 23 are arranged so as to have an arc shape (radius R) in the row direction corresponding to the arc-shaped processing range.

  Furthermore, in order to assign the cutting load evenly, the second division angle C is obtained in order to set the number of rows of cutting blades assigned to each of the divided broaches 21 to 23.

  Here, for the odd n divided broaches 21 to 23 of 3 or more, the arc-shaped machining range is equally divided into 2 × (n−1) pieces, and in FIG. 1 where n = 3, The second split angle C is obtained by equally dividing the processing angle A into 2 × (n−1) = 4 pieces. That is, the second division angle C is obtained by further dividing the first division angle B into two, and C = B / 2 = A / 4.

  Then, the divided broaches 21 and 23 arranged at both ends are respectively formed with cutting blades having the number of rows corresponding to [1 / {2 × (n−1)}] = 1/4 in all m rows, The cutting blades having the number of rows corresponding to [2 / {2 × (n−1)}] = 2/4 in all m rows are formed on the other divided broach 22 (here, in the center). In the present embodiment, the sizes of the divided broaches 21 to 23 are the same. Therefore, when the above-described cutting blades are assigned, no cutting blades are formed outside the divided broaches 21 and 23 arranged at both ends. It will be.

  As for the allocation of the cutting blades as described above, the above-described allocation can be applied to any number as long as the number of divisions with respect to the surface broach 20 is an odd number of 3 or more. For example, in the case of n = 3, as described above, the divided broaches 21 to 23 from one end to the other end are sequentially cut into 1/4 of all m columns, 2/4, and 1/4 columns. A blade will be assigned. Similarly, in the case of n = 5, 1/8, 2/8, 2/8, 2/8, and 1/8 of the number of cutting blades in all m rows are sequentially assigned, and n = In the case of 7, the cutting blades having the number of rows of 1/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, and 1/12 of all m rows are sequentially assigned. .

  Therefore, in this embodiment, each of the divided broaches 21 and 23 has a number of cutting edges corresponding to ¼ of all m rows, that is, the number of rows corresponding to [second division angle C × 1]. Cutting blades are assigned, and the dividing broach 22 is assigned with the number of cutting blades corresponding to 2/4 of all m rows, that is, the number of cutting blades corresponding to [second dividing angle C × 2]. It will be.

  In addition, in order to reduce the fluctuation of the cutting load, the adjacent divided broaches 21 to 23 are arranged so as to be shifted from each other in the step direction. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. With respect to the divided broach 22 to be performed, the divided broaches 21 and 23 other than the center (here, both ends) are shifted in the step direction, arranged in line symmetry in the column direction, and attached to the sub holder 12. Reference numeral 32 denotes a bolt used when the sub-holder 12 is fixed to the holder 11.

  This is because when the cutting blade 25 of the split broach 22 is cutting, the cutting blades 24 and 26 of the split broach 21 and 23 are not cut, and conversely, the cutting blades 24 and 26 of the split broach 21 and 23 are cutting. This is because the cutting blade 25 of the divided broach 22 is not cut. For this purpose, the divided broaches 21 and 23 are moved in the step direction with respect to the divided broach 22 so that the positions of the cutting edges 25 of the adjacent divided broaches 22 are the positions of the blade grooves 24a and 26a of the adjacent divided broaches 21 and 23. Are arranged in line symmetry in the column direction. Here, the code | symbol 24b-26b has shown each rake face of the cutting blades 24-25.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 3B, the positions of the cutting blades 24 and 26 of the divided broaches 21 and 23 are the same, and the blade grooves 24a of the cutting blades 24 and 26 of the divided broaches 21 and 23 are set. The split broach 21 and 23 are shifted in the step direction with respect to the split broach 22 so that the cutting blades 25 of the split broach 22 are arranged at positions 26a and 26a, and are arranged in line symmetry in the column direction.

  With such an arrangement, for example, in the case of n = 3, the divided broaches 21 to 23 from one end to the other end are sequentially arranged in 1/4 of all m rows, 2/4, 1 / Although the cutting blades having the number of rows of 4 are allocated, when divided into groups in which the positions of the cutting blades are the same, the divided broaches 21 and 23 have 2/4 of all m rows (= 1/4 + 1/4). ), And the divided broach 22 is assigned 2/4 of the total m rows.

  By adopting the above configuration, the number of rows of cutting blades of the same group of cutting blade positions becomes the same, the cutting load of the divided broach 22 and the cutting load of the divided broaches 21 and 23 become equal, and the cutting is performed. The variation in load can be reduced.

  Similarly, when n = 5, 1/8, 2/8, 2/8, 2/8, and 1/8 of the number of cutting blades in all m rows are assigned in order. When the blades are divided into groups having the same position, one divided broach group is assigned 4/8 (= 1/8 + 2/8 + 1/8) number of cutting blades in all m rows, and the other In the group of divided broaches, 4/8 (= 2/8 + 2/8) number of cutting blades of all m rows are assigned.

  In addition, when n = 7, cutting blades having the number of rows of 1/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, 2/12, 1/12 of all m rows in order. If it is divided into groups where the positions of the cutting blades are the same, one divided broach group has 6/12 (= 1/12 + 2/12 + 2/12 + 1/12) rows in all m rows. A number of cutting edges are assigned, and the other divided broach group is assigned 6/12 (= 2/12 + 2/12 + 2/12) number of cutting edges in all m rows.

  By adopting the configuration as described above, the number of rows of cutting blades between groups having the same cutting edge position is the same, and the cutting load of one divided broach group is equal to the cutting load of the other divided broach group. Thus, variation in cutting load can be reduced.

  When the number of divisions n is a multiple of 4, the number of rows of cutting blades of the same group of cutting blade positions is the same, the cutting load of one divided broach group and the group of the other divided broach The cutting load becomes uniform, and the fluctuation of the cutting load can be reduced.

  In this case, except for the two divided broaches arranged at the center, the adjacent divided broaches are positioned so that the position of the cutting edge of one adjacent divided broach is the position of the blade groove of the other adjacent divided broach. Are shifted in the step direction, and the other divided broaches except the two at the center are shifted in line symmetry with respect to the two divided broaches arranged in the center.

  In such an arrangement, for example, when n = 4, the number of columns of 1/4, 1/4, 1/4, and 1/4 of all m columns in order to the divided broach from one end to the other end If the cutting blade position is divided into groups with the same cutting edge position, one divided broach group has 2/4 (= 1/4 + 1/4) number of rows in all m rows. And the other divided broach group is assigned 2/4 (= 1/4 + 1/4) number of cutting blades in all m rows.

  Similarly, in the case of n = 8, the divided broach from one end to the other end is sequentially set to 1/8, 1/8, 1/8, 1/8, 1/8, 1/8 of all m columns. , 1/8, and 1/8 rows of cutting blades are assigned. When the blades are divided into groups having the same position, one divided broach group has 4/8 of all m rows. (= 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8) number of cutting edges are assigned, and the other divided broach group is also 4/8 of all m rows (= 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8 + 1/8) The number of rows of cutting edges will be assigned.

  In addition, when n = 12, to the divided broach from one end to the other end, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, Cutting blades with the number of rows of 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12, 1/12 will be assigned, and when divided into groups where the cutting blade positions are the same, In the group of divided broaches, 6/12 (= 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12) cutting blades of all m rows are assigned, and the other group of divided broaches is also assigned to All m rows of 6/12 (= 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12) number of cutting edges are assigned.

  Then, by configuring the surface broach 20 from the divided broaches 21 to 23, straight blade grooves that have the same shape of the same-stage blade grooves can be employed in each of the divided broaches 21 to 23. That is, as shown in FIG. 4A and FIGS. 4B to 4D, in the divided broach 21, the same-stage blade grooves 24 a have the same shape, and in the divided broach 22, the same-stage blade grooves 25a has the same shape, and in the divided broach 23, the blade grooves 26a at the same step have the same shape. Thereby, it is possible to process and grind the blade grooves 24a to 26a using a conventional facility that moves linearly.

  By adopting such a configuration, it becomes easy to produce a surface broach, and it is easy to attach a surface broach. Further, by using the sub-holder 12, the holder 11 can be shared. As a result, the surface broach can be manufactured at a low unit price and with a short delivery time.

  The present invention is suitable for a surface broach.

11 Holder 12 Subholder 20 Surface broach 21, 22, 23 Split broach 24, 25, 26 Cutting edge 24a, 25a, 26a Blade groove

Claims (6)

A surface broach with multiple rows of cutting blades arranged in multiple stages,
It is composed of divided broaches in which the column direction is divided into n odd numbers of 3 or more,
In each of the divided broaches, the blade grooves in the same step are made the same shape,
In correspondence with the processing range of the arc shape, the cutting blades of the n pieces of the divided broach are arranged in an arc shape in the row direction,
The adjacent divided broaches are shifted in the step direction so that the position of the cutting edge of one adjacent divided broach is the position of the blade groove of the other adjacent divided broach. A surface broach. The surface broach according to claim 1,
A surface broach characterized in that the divided broach other than the center is shifted in line symmetry with respect to the divided broach arranged in the center. The surface broach according to claim 2,
The arc-shaped machining range is equally divided into 2 × (n−1) pieces,
The plurality of rows of the cutting blades corresponding to [1 / {2 × (n−1)}] are formed in the divided broach arranged at both ends, and the plurality of the divided broaches other than both ends are formed in the plurality. A surface broach characterized by forming each of the cutting blades corresponding to the number of rows corresponding to [2 / {2 × (n−1)}] of rows. A surface broach with multiple rows of cutting blades arranged in multiple stages,
It is composed of divided broaches in which the column direction is divided into n multiples of 4,
In each of the divided broaches, the blade grooves in the same step are made the same shape,
In correspondence with the processing range of the arc shape, the cutting blades of the n pieces of the divided broach are arranged in an arc shape in the row direction,
Except for the two divided broaches arranged in the center, the adjacent cutting edges of one of the divided broaches are adjacent to each other so that the position of the cutting groove of the other adjacent divided broach is the position of the blade groove. A surface broach characterized in that the divided broaches are shifted in the step direction. The surface broach according to claim 4,
2. A surface broach characterized in that the divided broach except the two at the center is shifted in line symmetry with respect to the two divided broaches arranged at the center. In the surface broach according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a sub-holder in which n mounting holes are formed;
A surface broach characterized in that n pieces of the divided broach are respectively attached to the n pieces of mounting holes, and the cutting blades of the n pieces of the divided broach are arranged in an arc shape in a row direction.

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