JP2016123933A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crusher equipped with a rocking mechanism of a moving tooth with a simple structure.SOLUTION: A crusher 1 is composed of a drive cylinder 9, a fixed tooth 37, and a moving tooth 39. On an outer surface on an upper end side of the moving tooth 39, a rocking bracket 47 is protrusively provided, and the rocking bracket 47 is rotatably attached to a rocking shaft 49 crossed over a frame 3. A rod bracket 51 is protrusively provided on an outer surface on a lower end side of the moving tooth 39, and a tip end portion of a piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9 is rotatably attached to the rod bracket 51.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a crushing device for crushing a material to be crushed, such as a concrete block or a rock, and more specifically, a V-shaped crushing space is formed by a fixed tooth and a movable tooth, and the movable tooth is fixed to the fixed tooth. The present invention relates to a jaw crusher that crushes objects to be crushed in a crushing space by swinging them so as to approach and move apart.

  As a swinging mechanism of the movable tooth of the crushing device or jaw crusher, for example, the upper end of the movable tooth is rotatably attached to the eccentric shaft, the lower end of the movable tooth is supported by the toggle plate and the movable tooth is always attached to the toggle plate. A structure having a spring means for urging it to be pressed is employed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In such a swing mechanism, when the eccentric shaft is rotated by a motor, the entire movable tooth swings so as to draw a flat elliptical shape, or swings in the front-rear direction or moves up and down while moving, and the fixed tooth Crush the material to be crushed.

JP 2009-297591 A

  However, although the swing mechanism as in Patent Document 1 is suitable for a large-sized and large-capacity crushing apparatus, the structure is complicated and large, and therefore, for example, a discharge capacity of less than 5 t in 8 hours or a processing capacity of 5 t / It is not suitable for small crushing devices of less than a day.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a crushing device provided with a swing mechanism for a movable tooth having a simple structure.

  The crushing device of the present invention for achieving this object is a crushing device for crushing an object to be crushed such as a concrete lump, comprising a frame, a fixed tooth fixedly attached to the frame, and the fixed tooth. The movable teeth arranged so as to face each other and so as to form a V-shaped (substantially V-shaped) crushing space or crushing chamber having an open side and a tip side with the fixed teeth, and the movable A bearing portion that protrudes from the outer side of the open side of the teeth; a swing shaft portion that is provided on the frame and that is passed through the bearing portion and rotatably supports the movable teeth; the frame and the movable portion Expansion or contraction that connects the outer side of the tip of the tooth or connects the frame and the outer side of the tip of the movable tooth and drives the movable tooth by swinging around the swinging shaft. A swing cylinder provided with a rod, and the swing A hydraulic unit having a hydraulic pump that operates a cylinder to expand and contract the telescopic rod to repeatedly swing the movable tooth between a crushing position approaching the fixed tooth and a discharge position away from the fixed tooth; It is equipped with. The outer side of the movable tooth on the open side is usually the anti-fixed tooth side of the upper end of the movable tooth. Here, the lower end portion of the movable tooth is supported by the telescopic rod of the swing cylinder. For example, the movable tooth swings only by the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod. More specifically, the tip of the movable tooth approaches the fixed tooth at the crushing position, and the tip side moves away from the fixed tooth at the discharge position.

  When a pressure sensor connected to the hydraulic unit is provided and the pressure sensor detects that the applied pressure of the hydraulic pump for moving the movable tooth to the crushing position has reached or exceeded a predetermined value, It is preferable that the swinging cylinder is configured to retract the movable tooth to a retracted position that is farther from the fixed tooth than the discharge position. Here, for example, even if a piece of rebar that cannot be crushed is thrown into the crushing space, the rebar lump can be discharged without damaging the fixed teeth or the movable teeth. More specifically, the movable tooth is farther from the fixed tooth at the retracted position than when the tip side is at the discharge position.

  A first detection sensor for detecting the extension movement (extension movement) of the piston or the expansion / contraction rod when the movable tooth is displaced to the crushing position on the swing cylinder, and the piston or expansion / contraction when the movable tooth is displaced to the discharge position And a second detection sensor for detecting the contraction movement of the rod (contraction movement, first contraction movement), and when the first detection sensor detects the extension movement of the piston or the telescopic rod, Stroke control of the oscillating cylinder is configured such that the telescopic rod of the oscillating cylinder extends when the telescopic rod contracts and the second detection sensor detects the contraction movement (first contraction movement) of the piston or the expansion rod. It is effective to do. The swing cylinder is further provided with a third detection sensor for detecting a second contraction movement (second contraction movement) of the piston or the telescopic rod when the movable tooth is displaced to the retracted position. When the third detection sensor detects the second contraction movement of the piston or the telescopic rod, the telescopic rod of the swing cylinder can be extended.

  According to the present invention, the object to be crushed can be crushed by swinging the movable tooth of the crushing device with a simple configuration. For example, a small simple crushing with a discharge amount or processing capacity of less than 5 t in 8 hours or 1 day. Equipment can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the crushing apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the shape of the tooth | gear of a fixed tooth and a movable tooth. It is a figure explaining the action | operation state of a crushing apparatus, and is a figure which shows the state which the movable tooth moved or displaced to the discharge position. It is a figure explaining the action | operation state of a crushing apparatus, and is a figure which shows the state which the movable tooth moved or displaced to the retracted position. It is a figure which shows the structure of a hydraulic unit.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, the overall configuration of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The crushing device 1 includes a frame 3, leg portions 5 that support the frame 3, a drive cylinder (oscillating cylinder) 9 that is accommodated in a cylinder accommodating portion 7 that is formed on one side of the frame 3, A crushing tooth device 13 arranged in the crushing part 11 formed on the other side, and a hopper fixed to the upper surface part 15 corresponding to the insertion port 17 formed in the upper surface part 15 of the crushing part 11 of the frame 3 19, a hydraulic unit 23 mounted on a mounting portion 21 attached to the upper side of the cylinder housing portion 7 of the frame 3, and a control panel 25 attached to one end portion of the frame 3. ing. A partition wall 29 in which an operation window 27 is formed is provided between the cylinder accommodating portion 7 and the crushing portion 11 of the frame 3. Reference numeral 36 denotes a piston that slides in the cylinder tube 35 of the drive cylinder 9.

  A cylinder bracket 33 is fixed to a support member 31 provided at the bottom of the cylinder accommodating portion 7 of the frame 3, and a rear end portion of the cylinder tube 35 of the drive cylinder 9 is rotatably attached to the cylinder bracket 33. ing.

  The crushing tooth device 13 arranged in the crushing part 11 of the frame 3 is composed of a fixed tooth 37 which is inclined downward toward the cylinder housing part 7 and fixed in the crushing part 11 of the frame 3. And a movable tooth 39 which is located on the cylinder housing portion 7 side and is inclined downwardly toward the fixed tooth 37 side and attached to the crushing portion 11 of the frame 3, and is movable with the tooth surface 41 of the fixed tooth 37. The tooth surface 43 of the tooth 39 forms a V-shaped or substantially V-shaped crushing space or crushing chamber 45 whose upper side is open and whose lower side is narrowed. The upper open portion of the crushing space 45 is located corresponding to the charging port 17 and the hopper 19. The tooth surface 41 of the fixed tooth 37 and the tooth surface 43 of the movable tooth 39 are formed in a sawtooth shape in cross section, but as shown in FIG. 2, one peak corresponds to the other valley.

  A swing bracket 47 is provided on the back surface or outer surface of the open side or upper end side of the movable tooth 39 so as to protrude, and swings on a swing shaft 49 spanned above the crushing portion 11 of the frame 3. By mounting the bracket 47 so as to be rotatable, the movable tooth 39 can be rotated about the swing shaft 49. A rod bracket 51 is provided so as to protrude from the back surface or outer surface of the front end side or the lower end side of the movable tooth 39, and the crushing portion 11 passes from the cylinder housing portion 7 of the frame 3 through the operation window 27 of the partition wall 29. A tip end portion of the piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9 extending inward is rotatably attached to the rod bracket 51.

  The fixed teeth 37 and the movable teeth 39 are formed in a rectangular shape having a height of about 650 mm and a width of about 450 mm, and the total length of the drive cylinder 9 in the state shown in FIG. 1 is about 880 mm. The diameter of the upper end opening of the hopper 19 is about 550 mm, and the diameter of the lower end opening is about 300 mm to 450 mm.

  Next, the operating state of the crushing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

  The movable tooth 39 is driven by the drive cylinder 9 and swings. By the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9, the crushing position (position A indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 3 or the position shown in FIG. 1) and discharge position (FIG. 3). To position B) indicated by a solid line. The movable tooth 39 moves or displaces to the discharge position B due to the contraction of the piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9, but at the discharge position B, most of the movable tooth 39 (the part below the swing shaft 49) is on the lower side. In addition, a relatively large gap S <b> 1 (about 40 mm) is formed between the lower end portion of the movable tooth 39 and the lower end portion of the fixed tooth 37. Therefore, the concrete block (object to be crushed) 50 crushed in the crushing space 45 by moving the movable tooth 39 to the crushing position A is discharged from the gap S1.

  The movable tooth 39 oscillates due to the extension of the piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9 and moves or displaces from the discharge position B to the crushing position A. At the crushing position A, most of the movable teeth 39 (more than the oscillation shaft 49). The lower part) is located on the upper side and close to the fixed teeth 37, and the concrete lump 50 thrown into the crushing space 45 is shifted upward and narrows the interval with the fixed teeth 37. It is crushed by the movement of the movable tooth 39. Note that, at the crushing position A, the crests of the lower end of the fixed tooth 37 and the lower end of the movable tooth 39 are in a state of entering each other's valley.

  In the crushing space 45, not only the concrete lump 50 but also hard foreign matter 52 such as a rebar lump may be put. Such foreign matter 52 cannot be crushed by the movement or displacement of the movable tooth 39, but if the movable tooth 39 is continuously pressed against the foreign matter 52, the fixed tooth 37 and the movable tooth 39 may be damaged. Therefore, when the pressure for moving or displacing the movable teeth 39 toward the crushing position A reaches a predetermined value, it is determined that such a foreign matter 52 has been put into the crushing space 45, and the piston of the drive cylinder 9 The rod 53 is greatly contracted, and the movable tooth 39 is moved or displaced to the retracted position C beyond the discharge position B (position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 4). At the retracted position C, most of the movable teeth 39 (portions below the swing shaft 49) are positioned lower than the discharge position B and away from the fixed teeth 37. A large gap S <b> 2 (about 150 mm to 300 mm) is formed between the lower end of the fixed tooth 37 and the lower end of the fixed tooth 37. Therefore, the foreign matter 52 in the crushing space 45 is discharged from the gap S2. When a predetermined time elapses after the movable tooth 39 is moved or displaced to the retracted position C, the piston rod 53 of the drive cylinder 9 is greatly extended, and the movable tooth 39 is moved or displaced to the crushing position A.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the configuration of the hydraulic unit 23.

  A hydraulic pump 57 that supplies oil in the oil tank 55 is connected to the drive cylinder 9 via a three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59. As the hydraulic pump 57, a variable displacement piston pump can be used. The three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is controlled by the control panel (control unit of the control panel) 25 to connect the hydraulic pump 57 to the cap side of the drive cylinder 9 and connect the return pipe 61 to the oil tank 55 to the drive cylinder 9. A position connected to the head side, c position connecting the hydraulic pump 57 to the head side of the drive cylinder 9, and connecting the oil return pipe 61 to the oil tank 55 to the cap side of the drive cylinder 9, and neutral b position And switch to A pressure gauge 63 is connected between the hydraulic pump 57 and the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59, and the measurement value of the pressure gauge 63 is sent to the control panel (control section of the control panel) 25. In the figure, reference numeral 65 denotes a filter provided between the hydraulic pump 57 and the oil tank 55 and the oil return pipe 61, and reference numeral 67 denotes a filter provided between the hydraulic pump 57 and the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59. A check valve 69 is a flow rate adjusting valve provided between the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 and the cap side and the head side of the drive cylinder 9.

  The cylinder tube 35 of the drive cylinder 9 is provided with three detection sensors for detecting that the piston 36 has moved to each predetermined position. As the detection sensor, for example, a magnetic sensor that detects the magnetism of a magnet provided in the piston 36 can be used. The first detection sensor 71 detects the extension movement of the piston 36 or the piston 36 when the piston rod 53 extends and the movable tooth 39 moves to the crushing position A, and the second detection sensor 73 contracts the piston rod 53. Then, the first contraction movement of the piston 36 or the piston 36 when the movable tooth 39 moves to the discharge position B is detected, and the third detection sensor 75 greatly contracts the piston rod 53 so that the movable tooth 39 is retracted. The second contraction movement of the piston 36 or the piston 36 when moving to C is detected.

  In the hydraulic unit 23 having such a configuration, when the solenoid 77 on the a-position side is energized and the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is switched to the a-position, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the cap side of the drive cylinder 9 and the piston rod 53 extends and moves the movable tooth 39 to the crushing position A. When the movable tooth 39 moves to the crushing position A, the first detection sensor 71 detects the piston 36 and transmits a detection signal to the control panel (control unit of the control panel) 25. When this detection signal is received, the control panel (control part of the control panel) 25 stops energization of the solenoid 77 on the a-position side of the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59, and energizes the solenoid 79 on the c-position side to perform three-position. The electromagnetic switching valve 59 is switched to the c position. Then, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the head side of the drive cylinder 9, the piston rod 53 contracts, and the movable tooth 39 is moved to the discharge position B. When the movable tooth 39 moves to the discharge position B, the second detection sensor 73 detects the piston 36 and transmits a detection signal to the control panel (control unit of the control panel) 25. Upon receiving this detection signal, the control panel (control unit of the control panel) 25 stops energization of the solenoid 79 on the c-position side of the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 and energizes the solenoid 77 on the a-position side. The electromagnetic switching valve 59 is switched to the a position. In this way, the switching between the a position and the c position of the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is continued and the movable tooth 39 is swung between the crushing position A and the discharging position B, so that the concrete lump 50 is crushed and discharged. repeat. The movable tooth 39 can be moved to the discharge position B after being stopped at the crushing position A for a short predetermined time, and can be moved to the crushing position A after being stopped at the discharge position B for a short predetermined time. In addition, a magnet may be attached to the piston rod 53, and this magnet may be detected by the detection sensors 71, 73, and 75 to control the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 53.

  The foreign matter 52 is mixed in the crushing space 45 and the hydraulic pressure between the hydraulic pump 57 and the drive cylinder 9 when the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is at the a position has reached or exceeded the predetermined value. When the pressure gauge 63 detects, the control panel (control unit of the control panel) 25 stops energization of the solenoid 77 on the a position side, energizes the solenoid 79 on the c position side, and sets the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 to the c position. Switch to. Then, the hydraulic pressure is supplied to the head side of the drive cylinder 9 and the piston rod 53 contracts. Here, however, even if the piston 36 is detected by the second detection sensor 73, the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is switched to the a position. Since it is configured not to change, the piston rod 53 further contracts, and the movable tooth 39 moves or displaces to the retracted position C. When the movable tooth 39 moves to the retracted position C and the piston 36 is detected by the third detection sensor 75, the control panel (control section of the control panel) 25 stops energizing the solenoid 79 on the c position side, The solenoid 77 on the a-position side is energized, the three-position electromagnetic switching valve 59 is switched to the a-position, the piston rod 53 is extended, and the movable tooth 39 is moved or displaced to the crushing position A. The movable tooth 39 can be moved to the crushing position A after being stopped at the retracted position C for a short predetermined time.

  The crushing apparatus of the present invention can be used to crush concrete pieces and the like when a small building is demolished.

1 Crushing device 3 Frame 9 Drive cylinder (oscillating cylinder)
23 Hydraulic unit 37 Fixed tooth 39 Movable tooth 45 Crushing space 47 Swing bracket (bearing part)
49 Oscillating shaft (oscillating shaft)
50 concrete block (object to be crushed)
53 Piston rod

Claims (4)

A crushing device that crushes objects to be crushed such as concrete blocks,
Frame,
Fixed teeth fixedly attached to the frame;
A movable tooth disposed so as to face the fixed tooth, and disposed so as to form a V-shaped crushing space having an open side and a tip side with the fixed tooth;
A bearing provided to project from the outer side of the movable tooth on the open side;
A swing shaft provided on the frame and passed through the bearing to rotatably support the movable tooth;
An oscillating cylinder provided with a telescopic rod that connects the frame and the outer side of the movable tooth on the tip side, and drives the movable tooth by oscillating around the oscillating shaft;
A hydraulic pressure having a hydraulic pump that operates the swing cylinder to expand and contract the telescopic rod to repeatedly swing the movable tooth between a crushing position approaching the fixed tooth and a discharge position away from the fixed tooth. A crushing apparatus comprising the unit.   A pressure sensor connected to the hydraulic unit, and when the pressure sensor detects that the applied pressure of the hydraulic pump for moving the movable teeth to the crushing position has reached a predetermined value, the swing cylinder The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the movable tooth is retracted to a retracted position farther from the fixed tooth than the discharge position.   The swing cylinder includes a first detection sensor that detects an extension movement of the piston or the telescopic rod when the movable tooth is displaced to the crushing position, and a piston when the movable tooth is displaced to the discharge position or A second detection sensor that detects contraction movement of the telescopic rod, and when the first detection sensor detects the extension movement of the piston or the expansion rod, the expansion rod of the swing cylinder contracts. The crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when the second detection sensor detects the contraction movement of the piston or the expansion rod, the expansion rod of the swing cylinder extends.   The swing cylinder includes a first detection sensor that detects an extension movement of the piston or the telescopic rod when the movable tooth is displaced to the crushing position, and a piston when the movable tooth is displaced to the discharge position or A second detection sensor that detects a first contraction movement of the telescopic rod; a third detection sensor that detects a second contraction movement of the piston or the expansion rod when the movable tooth is displaced to the retracted position; When the first detection sensor detects the extension movement of the piston or the expansion rod, the expansion rod of the swing cylinder contracts, and the second detection sensor detects the first of the piston or expansion rod. When the contraction motion of the swing cylinder is detected, the telescopic rod of the swing cylinder extends, and when the third detection sensor detects the second contraction motion of the piston or the telescopic rod, the swing cylinder The telescopic rod is extended, crushing device according to claim 2, wherein a.

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