JP2016111750A - Rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotary electric machine which can be small-sized by easily supplying AC power to armature coils and supplying DC power to field coils without requiring any complicated circuit or control.SOLUTION: The rotary electric machine comprises: a plurality of armature coils 125 (125u, 125v and 125w) which are disposed in parallel and excited by being supplied with currents of different phases of the AC power that an inverter 302 outputs; and a plurality of field coils 126 which are excited by being supplied with the DC power. The rotary electric machine also comprises a diode bridge 310 formed from diodes 311u-312w which are interposed between the armature coils and the field coils, connected in parallel correspondingly to each of phases of the armature coils and rectify the currents of the different phases to be supplied to the armature coils.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating electrical machine that functions as a flux switching motor.

  Conventionally, a surface magnet type synchronous motor (SPMSM: Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) in which a permanent magnet is provided on the surface of a rotor is known. There has been proposed a flux switching motor in which the permanent magnet of this surface magnet type synchronous motor is arranged on the stator side to make the rotor only an iron core to improve the robustness.

  Furthermore, in such a flux switching motor, a winding field type flux switching motor has been proposed in which a permanent magnet arranged on the stator side is replaced with an electromagnet so that field adjustment is possible. This winding field type flux switching motor uses a field winding which is supplied with a direct current and is excited by direct current excitation, and an armature winding which is supplied with an alternating current and is excited by alternating current as a salient pole of the stator. By arranging and supplying electric power to each, the rotor is driven to rotate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2013-2018869 A

However, in such a rotating electric machine, a DC power source that supplies a DC current to the field winding and an AC power source that supplies an AC current to the armature winding are necessary. There was a problem that it would be a big deal.

  For example, in the case of in-vehicle use, a DC / AC inverter that converts a direct current into an alternating current to supply power to the armature winding with a battery mounted as a power source and a voltage suitable for the field winding is provided. A DC / DC converter such as a chopper circuit that converts to supply a direct current is provided.

  In this case, it is possible to use the battery in common as a source of direct current and alternating current, but a chopper circuit is required and a controller for controlling the chopper is required. And control hindered downsizing.

  Therefore, the present invention can easily realize the AC power supply to the armature winding and the DC power supply to the field winding without requiring a complicated circuit and control, and can be downsized. The purpose is to provide a rotating electrical machine.

  One aspect of the invention of a rotating electrical machine that solves the above-described problem is a plurality of armature windings that are arranged in parallel and supplied with currents having different phases of AC power and excited, and supplied with DC power and excited. A rotary electric machine comprising a plurality of field windings, and connected in parallel so as to correspond to each phase of the armature windings interposed between the armature windings and the field windings. A plurality of rectifying elements.

Thus, according to one aspect of the present invention, the current of each phase supplied from the AC power supply to the armature winding can be rectified by the rectifying element and supplied to the field winding.
That is, it is easy to supply DC power to the field winding while supplying AC power to the armature winding without requiring complicated circuit such as chopper circuit or complicated control such as chopper control. It can be realized by a simple rectifier circuit.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a rotating electrical machine that can be easily downsized.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a rotating electrical machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view orthogonal to a rotating shaft showing the motor structure. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged conceptual model diagram showing a magnetic circuit formed between the rotor and the stator. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged conceptual model diagram showing a magnetic circuit formed when the rotor and the stator are relatively rotated from the state of FIG. FIG. 4 is a magnetic flux diagram showing a magnetic flux density distribution formed by the magnetic flux transferred between the rotor and the stator. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a power supply for supplying power to the armature winding and the field winding. FIG. 6 is a power waveform diagram showing a power waveform supplied by the power supply circuit of FIG. FIG. 7 is a torque waveform diagram showing a torque waveform when the phase of the current waveform supplied to the armature winding and the field winding is changed. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a rotating electrical machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and is a circuit diagram of a power supply for supplying power to the armature winding and the field winding. FIG. 9 is a switching waveform diagram showing a power waveform supplied to the field winding by the power supply circuit of FIG. FIG. 10 is a power waveform diagram illustrating a surge voltage that may occur in the power supply circuit of FIG. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another aspect of the above-described embodiment, and is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the rotation axis showing the motor structure.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
1-7 is a figure which shows the rotary electric machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention.
In FIG. 1, a rotating electrical machine 100 includes a cylindrical rotor 110 that rotates integrally around a rotation shaft 101, and a substantially cylindrical stator 120 that rotatably accommodates the rotor 110. The rotating electrical machine 100 is suitably mounted as a drive source in, for example, a hybrid vehicle and an electric vehicle that are required to have high output as well as cost reduction and downsizing.

  The rotating electrical machine 100 supplies an electric power to the armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 arranged on the stator 120 side to form a magnetic circuit passing through the rotor 110 side in the same manner as a so-called flux switching motor. Torque is generated and driven to rotate.

  Here, since the flux switching motor is excited at twice the frequency for driving the motor, it cannot be synchronized with reluctance torque, that is, so-called d-axis inductance or q-axis inductance. Therefore, the flux switching motor is not driven by reluctance torque, but is driven by electromagnet (magnet) torque using a DC magnetic field (static magnetic field) excited from the stator side. That is, the flux switching motor has an equivalent structure as compared with an SPM (surface magnet type) motor as a structure for driving as a permanent magnet motor.

  The rotor 110 includes a hub 119 that fixes the rotating shaft 101, and a plurality of salient poles 111 that are formed on the same member together with the hub 119 and extend away from the axis of the rotating shaft 101. And a plurality of rotor cores 115 fitted and held between the poles 111.

  The rotor 110 is manufactured in the form of 10 poles in which the salient poles 111 and the rotor core 115 are evenly arranged at 10 locations around the hub 119 centered on the rotation shaft 101, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the salient poles 111 and the rotor core 115. The outer shape is formed in a cylindrical shape that smoothly continues on the side, and rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 101.

  The rotor core 115 is produced, for example, by laminating magnetic electromagnetic steel plates made of a magnetic material in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 101. The salient poles 111 and the hub 119 are made in one piece, for example, by cutting or molding a non-magnetic aluminum material, or by laminating aluminum plates in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 101.

  The stator 120 includes a plurality of magnetic poles 121 that are extended in a salient pole shape toward the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the rotor 110 and in which an armature winding 125 and a field winding 126 are arranged. The stator 120 is produced by, for example, laminating magnetic electromagnetic steel plates in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 101 in the same manner as the rotor core 115.

  The magnetic pole 121 is formed on the same member as the yoke 129 on the outer peripheral surface side of the cylindrical shape. The magnetic pole 121 is formed so that the end surface 121a on the inner peripheral surface side faces the salient pole 111 of the rotor 110 and the outer peripheral surfaces 111a and 115a of the rotor core 115 via a minute gap G. It is formed in parallel and formed in a salient pole shape extending toward the outer peripheral surface side of the rotor 110.

  The magnetic poles 121 are evenly arranged at 24 locations on the inner peripheral surface side of the yoke 129, and the rotor core 115 constitutes 10 poles around the rotating shaft 101, whereas the armature winding 125 and the field winding Twenty-four slots 122 are formed between the magnetic poles 121 to be used when winding the winding coil functioning as 126.

  The armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 are installed by winding the winding coil so as to be concentrated winding so that each of the armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 is located on every other magnetic pole 121, and the rotor 110 rotates relatively. It is constructed so as to alternately face the rotor core 115.

  The armature winding 125 supplies three-phase AC power to be excited by AC, and the field winding 126 supplies DC current to be DC excited. Therefore, in the stator 120, the U-phase armature winding 125u, the V-phase armature winding 125v, and the W-phase armature winding 125w are sequentially arranged on every other magnetic pole 121. The field winding 126 is disposed on the magnetic pole 121 between them.

  On the other hand, in the rotor 110, the outer peripheral surface 111 a side of the salient pole 111 and the hub 119 side are formed to have the same width in the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the rotation shaft 101, and the hub 119 on the side surface 111 b of the salient pole 111. By projecting a portion that is close to the side, a protruding shape portion 112 that narrows the space between the side surfaces 111b that are close to the hub 119 side is formed.

  The rotor core 115 is formed in a shape that coincides with the space between the salient poles 111, and a recess-shaped receiving shape part 116 into which the projecting shape part 112 of the side surface 111 b of the salient pole 111 can be fitted is formed.

  As a result, the rotor core 115 is formed in a shape in which the thickness in the rotation direction gradually decreases as the width between the side surfaces 111b of the salient pole 111 decreases from the outer peripheral surface 115a toward the rotation shaft 101. A wedge portion 117 that functions as a wedge is provided by forming the receiving shape portion 116 so as to gradually increase in thickness from the position beyond the deepest portion 116a of the receiving shape portion 116 to the hub 119 side.

  With this structure, the rotor 110 is inserted into the space between the salient poles 111 from one end side in the extending direction of the rotating shaft 101 and is slid into the cylindrical shape so that the outer peripheral surfaces 111a and 115a are smoothly continuous. can do. Further, even if the rotor 110 is subjected to centrifugal force to be separated from between the salient poles 111 during the rotation, the wedge part 117 of the rotor core 115 reaches the top part 112 a of the projecting shape part 112 of the salient pole 111. It is formed so as to abut against the inclined surface 112b.

  In addition, the rotor core 115 has a width (thickness) that allows an outer peripheral surface 115 a that coincides with the opening width between the salient poles 111 that open toward the stator 120 to simultaneously face two adjacent magnetic poles 121 of the stator 120. It is formed as follows. The rotor core 115 has an outer periphery that is closer to the outer periphery than the rotary shaft 101 side so that the distance between the outer edges of the outer peripheral surface 115a matches the distance between the outer edges of the end surfaces 121a of the two magnetic poles 121 facing the outer peripheral surface 115a. The surface 115a side is formed thick.

  The rotating electrical machine 100 supplies so-called flux switching motors by exciting the armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 of the stator 120 by supplying AC power and DC power from a power supply circuit 300 to be described later. Similarly, the rotor 110 is driven to rotate.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the magnetic flux generated by supplying power to the armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 (the DC magnetic flux φdc generated by DC excitation is shown in the figure) is one. After interlinking from the magnetic pole 121 from the end side of the outer peripheral surface 115a of the rotor core 115, the magnetic circuit bypasses the yoke 129 side of the stator 120 by interlinking with the adjacent magnetic pole 121 from the opposite end side of the outer peripheral surface 115a. Can be formed.

  Therefore, in the rotating electrical machine 100 that supplies power by alternately concentrating the armature windings 125 and the field windings 126 for each magnetic pole 121, the rotor 110 is relative to the stator 120 as shown in FIG. Even in the case of rotation, a magnetic path through which magnetic flux passes can be formed in the adjacent magnetic pole 121 to maintain the magnetic circuit.

  Therefore, as shown in the magnetic flux diagram of FIG. 4, the rotating electrical machine 100 produces a difference in magnetic flux line density at which the magnetic flux lines FL are concentrated in the rotor core 115 at the portion illustrated as the torque generation surface T as the rotational force. A functioning electromagnet torque can be generated.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply circuit 300 connects an inverter 302 to a battery 301 mounted on the vehicle to take out stored power as AC power. That is, the battery 301 and the inverter 302 constitute an AC power source. The inverter 302 is similarly controlled by a controller 400 described in a second embodiment to be described later.

  The power supply circuit 300 has a circuit configuration in which the diode bridge 310 is connected to the neutral point position in the Y connection of the armature winding 125 connected to the inverter 302, and the field winding 126 is connected in series. .

  The inverter 302 is configured to connect the U-phase armature winding 125u, the V-phase armature winding 125v, and the W-phase armature winding 125w constituting the armature winding 125 in series for each phase. Thus, direct current power stored in the battery 301 is supplied as alternating current power obtained by direct current (DC) / alternating current (AC) conversion, and each is subjected to alternating current excitation.

  The diode bridge 310 includes a pair of rectifier diodes (rectifier elements) 311u and 312u, rectifier diodes 311v and 312v, and a rectifier diode 311w so as to have the same rectification direction so as to correspond to each phase of the inverter 302. , 312w are connected in series, and both ends are connected in parallel.

  The diode bridge 310 includes U-phase armature windings 125u, V for each phase in the middle of each set of rectifier diodes 311u, 312u, rectifier diodes 311v, 312v, and rectifier diodes 311w, 312w. The opposite ends of the phase armature winding 125v and the W phase armature winding 125w from the inverter 302 are connected, and the rectifier diodes 311u and 312u, the rectifier diodes 311v and 312v, the rectifier diode 311w, The two ends of each set with 312w are connected in parallel to the field winding 126 connected in series with a common connection point.

  With this circuit configuration, the rotating electrical machine 100 supplies AC power to each phase of the armature winding 125 via the inverter 302 to perform AC excitation, and passes through the armature winding 125 as shown in FIG. The rectified AC power is rectified by the respective pairs of rectifier diodes 311u and 312u, rectifier diodes 311v and 312v, and rectifier diodes 311w and 312w of the diode bridge 310 for each phase, and is supplied to the field winding 126 as DC power. Can be supplied and DC excited.

  Moreover, since the field winding 126 is connected in series, the field winding inductance can be increased to reduce the field current ripple, and a stable DC field can be obtained.

  Therefore, the rotating electrical machine 100 simply includes the power supply circuit 300 that interposes the diode bridge 310 in addition to supplying AC power to the armature winding 125 by the inverter 302 using the vehicle-mounted battery 301. DC power can be supplied to the magnetic winding 126.

  Further, in this rotating electrical machine 100, as shown in FIG. 7, the rotor 110 is driven to rotate with a stable torque that causes some fluctuation even if the current phase supplied to the field winding 126 connected in series is changed. Can be made.

As described above, in this embodiment, the inverter 302 is connected to the battery 301 to supply AC power to the armature winding 125, and a plurality of rectifier diodes 311u, 311v, 311w, and 312u are supplied to the armature winding 125. , 312v, 312w can be connected to the field winding 126 in series, and DC power can be supplied to the field winding 126, and the rotating electrical machine 100 is driven in the same manner as the flux switching motor. be able to. Further, since the field winding 126 is simply connected in series and connected to both ends of the diode bridge 310, the connection conductors in the stator 120 can be easily and easily routed.

  For this reason, the rotating electrical machine 100 can be manufactured without generating a loss due to the chopper circuit because it does not use a DC / DC converter or controller that requires a complicated chopper circuit or chopper control. Further, since the power supply line for the field winding 126 is not drawn from the outside of the power supply circuit 300, it can be easily manufactured. Thus, since the number of parts can be reduced, it can also be manufactured at low cost.

  Further, the power supply circuit 300 can be easily reduced in size, for example, by being arranged in a base installed on the end surface on the coil end side of the stator 120.

(Second Embodiment)
8-10 is a figure which shows the rotary electric machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. In addition, since this embodiment is comprised substantially the same as the above-mentioned 1st Embodiment, it attaches | subjects the same code | symbol to the same structure, and mainly demonstrates a characteristic part.

  In FIG. 8, in the rotating electrical machine 100 of the present embodiment, limiting diodes 351 having the same rectification direction as the rectifier diodes 311 u, 311 v, 311 w and 312 u, 312 v, 312 w are arranged in parallel on both ends of the diode bridge 310 of the power supply circuit 300. It is connected.

  In the power supply circuit 300, a capacitor 352 that can charge a sufficient amount of charge to be supplied to the field winding 126 is connected in parallel between the diode bridge 310 and the limiting diode 351.

  With this circuit configuration, the power supply circuit 300 can charge the DC power output from the inverter 302 and rectified from the AC power in the diode bridge 310 to the capacitor 352 on the downstream side. The power supply in the reverse direction to the field winding 126 that supplies the power can be limited by the limiting diode 351.

  The power supply circuit 300 is connected in series so that the first changeover switch 361 and the second changeover switch 362 are interposed between the upstream side (front stage) of the field winding 126 connected in series to one end side of the diode bridge 310. In the diode bridge 310, a first short-circuit switch 371 and a second short-circuit switch 372 are incorporated.

  The first changeover switch 361 is positioned upstream of the connection point of the cathode of the limiting diode 351 and downstream of the capacitor 352 connected in parallel to the diode bridge 310 (backward), and is connected to the field winding 126. They are connected in series so that the field winding 126 can be disconnected from the capacitor 352 side.

  The second changeover switch 362 is connected to the capacitor 352 connected in parallel and one end of the diode bridge 310 so as to be positioned in front of the first changeover switch 361. The capacitor 352 is connected to the diode bridge 310 (armature). It can be separated from the winding 125) side.

  The first short-circuit switch 371 includes rectifier diodes 311u and 312u of the diode bridge 310 that connect opposite ends of the inverter 302 of the U-phase armature winding 125u and the V-phase armature winding 125v, and the rectifier diode 311v, The intermediate connection contacts between 312v are arranged to be connected or disconnected, and the ends of the U-phase armature winding 125u and the V-phase armature winding 125v are short-circuited to form a Y connection. It is supposed to be a neutral point.

  Similarly to the first short-circuit switch 371, the second short-circuit switch 372 is a rectifier diode of the diode bridge 310 that connects the opposite ends of the inverter 302 of the V-phase armature winding 125v and the W-phase armature winding 125w. 311v, 312v and the intermediate contact between the rectifier diodes 311w, 312w are arranged to be connected or disconnected, and the V-phase armature winding 125v and the W-phase armature winding 125w The end portions are short-circuited to provide a neutral point for Y connection.

  These switches 361, 362, 371, 372 are controlled together with the inverter 302 by the controller 400 that controls the rotating electrical machine 100, and between the diode bridge 310 and the field winding 126, the limit diode 351 and It functions as a buck converter circuit together with the capacitor 352 to control the supply of the field current to the field winding 126 so as to make the variable field.

  In the controller 400, the CPU executes a control program stored in the memory based on various parameters and the like, and supplies the stored power of the battery 301 via the inverter 302, and switches 361, 362, 371, Switching control for appropriately turning on / off 372 is performed at an optimal timing to realize AC excitation of the armature winding 125 and DC excitation of the field winding 126.

  With this circuit configuration, the rotating electrical machine 100 supplies the AC power via the inverter 302 to each phase of the armature winding 125 to perform AC excitation, and then the DC power rectified by the diode bridge 310 is arranged on the downstream side. It can be applied to the capacitor 352 and the limiting diode 351 and appropriately supplied to the field winding 126.

  Specifically, when the controller 400 charges the downstream capacitor 352 with the power output from the inverter 302 and rectified from an alternating current to a direct current by the diode bridge 310, the controller 400 also stores the power stored in the capacitor 352. When discharging, switching control of the switches 361, 362, 371, 372 is executed according to the following procedure (method).

  First, when charging by charging the capacitor 352 (step S1), the first changeover switch 361 is turned off (disconnected state), and the second changeover switch 362 is turned on (connected state). Is separated from the field winding 126 side that consumes power while being incorporated in a rechargeable circuit.

  In step S1, the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are turned off to open the armature winding 125 (open state).

  Thus, the capacitor 352 can charge the direct current by rectifying the alternating current output from the inverter 302 by the diode bridge 310.

  Next, after the capacitor 352 is fully charged and fully charged (step S2), the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are turned on to close the armature winding 125. (Closed state) and turning off the second changeover switch 362 disconnects the capacitor 352 from the inverter 302 (armature winding 125) side. At this time, the first changeover switch 361 remains off (disconnected state).

  Thereby, the rotating electrical machine 100 can make the armature winding 125 a closed-end motor circuit so that the rotor 110 is rotationally driven by the alternating current output from the inverter 302.

  Next, while maintaining the closed end of the armature winding 125 while the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are kept on, the inverter 302 (armature winding is kept while the second changeover switch 362 is kept off. While maintaining the state where the capacitor 352 is disconnected from the line 125) side, the switching control for turning on / off the first changeover switch 361 is executed (step S3).

  Thereby, the rotating electrical machine 100 can assist the rotational drive of the rotor 110 by supplying DC power from the capacitor 352 to the field winding 126 at a desired timing for self-excitation. As the switching control of the first changeover switch 361, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, by turning on / off at a switching timing at which the duty ratio is 50% at a high frequency or a low frequency, a desired DC power is supplied to the field. The winding 126 can be supplied.

  After that, when it is detected that the magnetic force of the field winding 126 is decreased (the supply voltage or supply current may be decreased) and the stored power of the capacitor 352 is reduced (step S4), the process returns to step S1. The first changeover switch 361 is turned off, the second changeover switch 362 is turned on, the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are turned off, the armature winding 125 is opened, and the capacitor The control process of charging the capacitor 352 by repeating 352 from the field winding 126 side is repeated.

  When performing this control process, it is preferable that at least the second changeover switch 362 is turned off after the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are turned on. When the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 of the diode bridge 310 are turned off and the armature winding 125 is left open, the second changeover switch 362 is turned off and the capacitor 352 is disconnected. This is because the inductor energy stored in the open-end armature winding 125 disappears, and a surge voltage far exceeding the withstand voltage of the inverter 302 flows into the inverter 302 and is damaged. .

  Therefore, the rotating electrical machine 100 uses the on-vehicle battery 301 to supply AC power to the armature winding 125 while avoiding the generation of surge voltage from the DC power supplied to the field winding 126. The variable field control can be performed by adjusting, and the torque for rotating the rotor 110 can be controlled with higher quality and higher accuracy.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the first changeover switch 361 is connected in series with the previous stage of the field winding 126 (the subsequent stage of the capacitor 352), and therefore the on / off of the first changeover switch 361 is controlled. The variable field control can be executed by supplying DC power from the capacitor 352 to the field winding 126 at a desired timing. The first changeover switch 361 can be charged by appropriately disconnecting the capacitor 352 from the field winding 126. Note that the DC power supplied from the capacitor 352 can be smoothed as compared with the case where it is directly output from the diode bridge 310.

  In addition, a second changeover switch 362 is connected in series with the subsequent stage of the diode bridge 310 (the previous stage of the capacitor 352) to short-circuit between the opposite ends of the inverter 302 for each phase of the armature winding 125. Since the second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 are arranged in the diode bridge 310, the opposite side of the inverter 302 of the armature winding 125 is switched between the open end and the closed end to start / stop charging of the capacitor 352 as desired. Can be executed at the timing.

  At this time, the controller 400 turns on the first and second short-circuit switches 371 and 372 to close the armature winding 125 and then turns off the second changeover switch 362 so that the surge voltage is reduced to the inverter 302 side. It is possible to prevent intrusion into the network.

  Therefore, the rotating electrical machine 100 has a buck converter function, and can adjust the DC power applied to the field winding 126 with high accuracy to execute highly accurate torque control.

  Further, the power supply circuit 300 can be constructed in a base installed on the coil end side end face of the stator 120, including the diode bridge 310, the limiting diode 351, the capacitor 352, and the like for functioning as a buck converter. When cooling is required, the cooling of the inverter 302 can also be realized with a small structure by diverting the motor cooling mechanism installed at the coil end.

(Other embodiments)
Here, in the first and second embodiments described above, the case where the armature winding 125 and the field winding 126 are concentratedly wound will be described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the power supply circuit 300 may be mounted also in the rotating electrical machine 200 shown in FIG. The rotary electric machine 200 is configured in a similar manner to the rotary electric machine 100 in brief, and the rotor 210 in the stator 220 is rotated integrally with the rotary shaft 201.

  In the rotor 210, 10 poles 211 are evenly arranged on a hub 219 that fixes the rotating shaft 201, and a plurality of magnetic poles 221 that form 24 slots 222 are formed on the stator 220. The outer peripheral surface 211a of the salient pole 211 of the rotor 210 and the end surface 221a of the magnetic pole 221 of the stator 220 are formed so as to face each other with a matching width, and unlike the first embodiment, at the adjacent positions at the same time. It has a structure that cannot be met.

  Accordingly, the stator 220 is provided with the armature winding 225 and the field winding 226 in a distributed winding in which the winding coil is wound around the two magnetic poles 221 sandwiching one slot 222. The wires 225 and the field windings 226 are arranged so as to be alternately positioned in the circumferential direction in a distributed winding that is shifted by one magnetic pole 221 and overlapped.

  For this reason, the stator 220 is formed so that every other magnetic pole 221, in other words, two magnetic poles 221 on both sides sandwiching one magnetic pole 221 are simultaneously facing the salient poles 211 adjacent to the rotor 210. The rotor 210 is constructed so as to form a magnetic circuit by interlinking magnetic flux between every other magnetic pole 221 via two salient poles 211 and a hub 219.

  Specifically, the armature winding 225 has a slot 222 for every other U-phase armature winding 225u, V-phase armature winding 225v, and W-phase armature winding 225w. They are arranged so as to be successively connected in the circumferential direction as distributed windings for winding the winding coils around the two magnetic poles 221 in common use. The field winding 226 is arranged so as to be continuous in the circumferential direction as a distributed winding in which a winding coil is wound around the two magnetic poles 221 using the vacant slot 222.

  In this rotating electrical machine 200, similarly to the rotating electrical machine 100, three-phase AC power is supplied from the power supply circuit 300 to the armature winding 225 for AC excitation, and a DC current is supplied to the field winding 226. It is designed to excite DC.

  At this time, in the rotating electric machine 200, the magnetic flux interlinked from the magnetic pole 221 of the stator 220 is interlinked to the magnetic pole 221 that bypasses the salient pole 211 of the rotor 210 from the adjacent salient pole 211 by bypassing the hub 219 as a yoke. Thus, a magnetic circuit that bypasses the yoke 229 side of the stator 220 is formed, and like the rotating electrical machine 100, an electromagnet torque that functions as a rotational force is generated.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the radial gap structure such as the rotating electrical machines 100 and 200, but can be applied to a flux switching motor having an axial gap structure to obtain the same effect. Further, the present invention is not limited to 10 poles and 24 slots such as the rotating electrical machines 100 and 200, and can be applied to other combinations of flux switching motor structures.

  In addition, the rotors 110 and 210 and the stators 120 and 220 are not only made of a laminated structure of electromagnetic steel plates, but also include, for example, a soft magnetic composite powder material (Soft Magnetic composite) in which the surface of magnetic particles such as iron powder is subjected to insulation coating. Further, a so-called SMC core, which is a powder magnetic core produced by compression molding and heat treatment of Composites) may be employed. This SMC core is suitable for an axial gap structure because it is easy to mold. Moreover, even if a rotor or a stator is manufactured using an aluminum conductor, the same function can be achieved.

  Further, the diode bridge 310 is not limited to the rectifier diodes 311u, 312u, 311v, 312v, 311w, and 312w. The element may be constructed as a rectifying element. In addition, the present invention is not limited to a three-phase motor structure. For example, even in a five-phase or six-phase motor structure, it can be realized by matching the number of upper and lower pairs (so-called legs) of rectifier diodes connected in series. Can do.

  The rotating electrical machines 100 and 200 are not limited to being mounted on a vehicle, and can be suitably employed as a drive source for wind power generation or machine tools, for example.

  While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention. All such modifications and equivalents are intended to be included in the following claims.

100, 200 Rotating electric machine 101, 201 Rotating shaft 110, 210 Rotor 111, 211 Salient pole 111a, 211a Outer peripheral surface 115 Rotor core 120, 220 Stator 121, 221 Magnetic pole 121a, 221a End surface 125, 225 Armature winding 126, 226 Field magnet Winding 300 Power supply circuit 301 Battery 302 Inverter 310 Diode bridge 311u-312w Rectifier diode (rectifier element)
351 Limiting diode 352 Capacitor 361 First changeover switch 362 Second changeover switch 371 First short circuit switch 372 Second short circuit switch 400 Controller

Claims (4)

A rotary electric machine comprising a plurality of armature windings arranged in parallel and supplied with currents having different phases of AC power and excited, and a plurality of field windings excited by being supplied with DC power. And
A rotating electrical machine having a plurality of rectifying elements interposed between the armature winding and the field winding and connected in parallel so as to correspond to each phase of the armature winding. A capacitor connected in parallel between the rectifying element and the field winding;
A first changeover switch for connecting or disconnecting the field winding interposed in a preceding stage of the field winding;
A control unit that controls charging and discharging of the capacitor by controlling the first changeover switch;
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, comprising: A short-circuit switch that connects or disconnects the ends of each phase of the armature winding;
A second change-over switch that connects or disconnects the capacitor interposed in front of the capacitor;
The rotating electrical machine according to claim 2, wherein the control unit controls the second changeover switch to disconnect the capacitor when the short-circuit switch is in the connected state. 4. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the field winding and the armature winding for each phase are configured by connecting a plurality of windings in series. 5.

Images