JP2016088444A - Spherical shell undersea structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an elliptic spherical structure with a large diameter which can be constructed by constituting a stable outer shell part.SOLUTION: In a spherical shell undersea structure being installed undersea, having an outer shell part 11 with an internal space R, having a concrete skeleton frame 16 arranged in the shape of a mesh and having a water pressure resistant plate 17 being fitted to a portion surrounded by the skeleton frame 16 in a watertight state and having water pressure resistance and transparency, an elliptic spherical outer shell part 11 is formed with the skeleton frame 16 and the water pressure resistant plate 17.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a spherical shell underwater structure that constitutes an elliptical outer shell and is provided in the sea.

  Conventionally, as a construction method of a concrete structure, a method of assembling a precast concrete (PC) manufactured at a factory on the spot or a method of assembling a formwork and placing concrete on the spot is generally performed. (For example, see Patent Document 1).

  By the way, a spherical shell type underwater structure constructed by a reinforced concrete structure having a small opening of about 10 m in diameter such as a submersible is known. In such an underwater structure, there is a method in which a caisson method or the like is used to manufacture in advance on a land such as a dock where it is easy to manufacture on land and tow a ship to the sea at the installation site. In addition, a structure in which a spherical shell type underwater structure is divided is manufactured in a place such as a dock, and the divided structure is assembled and integrated in a state where water tightness is ensured on the sea that is the installation site. There is also a method.

JP 2010-101033 A

However, the conventional spherical shell type underwater structure as described above has the following problems.
That is, for example, when constructing a large spherical shell-type undersea structure with a large span of several hundred meters, it is difficult to produce the finished product at once in the above-mentioned land production yard, and it is transported by sea. However, since it is difficult, construction is performed by performing concrete placement work, etc. at sea. However, it is difficult to construct such a large and spherical outer shell with concrete and to join the finishing material at sea, and it is difficult to ensure water tightness in the outer shell. For example, the stability of the outer shell portion is reduced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to construct a large-diameter elliptical spherical structure by constructing a stable outer shell portion, and an offshore structure offshore construction system, The purpose is to provide a construction method.

  In order to achieve the above object, a spherical shell underwater structure according to the present invention is a spherical shell underwater structure provided in the sea and having an outer shell portion having an internal space, and is made of concrete arranged in a mesh shape. And a watertight plate fitted in a watertight manner to a portion surrounded by the housing frame and having water pressure resistance and transparency, and the outer shell portion having an oval spherical shape by the housing frame and the water pressure plate It is characterized by being formed.

In the present invention, the concrete frame is arranged in a mesh shape along the elliptical spherical surface of the outer shell, and the water pressure resistant plate having water pressure resistance is fitted in a watertight manner in a portion surrounded by the frame. It is possible to provide a stable oval-shaped outer shell that is resistant to buckling.
In addition, the pressure-resistant pressure plate has transparency so that it can have a daylighting function. Even if a spherical shell structure is placed in the sea, natural light (sunlight) from the sea is transmitted to the outer shell over the entire circumference of the outer shell. It can be taken into the internal space of the part, and the internal space of the outer shell part can be used effectively.

  Further, in the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present invention, a central tower portion is provided in the outer shell portion along a central axis of the outer shell portion that extends in the vertical direction, and an upper end and a lower end of the central tower portion. Is preferably connected to the outer shell.

  According to the present invention, the upper and lower ends of the central tower portion are integrally joined to the outer shell portion, and the semi-suspended structure is supported from the bottom portion of the outer shell portion and suspended from the top end portion. By providing the central tower portion on the central axis of the outer shell portion in this way, it is possible to restrain deformation that occurs when the outer shell portion receives an external force such as water pressure.

  Further, in the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present invention, the central tower portion includes a core portion provided on a central axis of the outer shell portion, and a central tower outer shell portion provided on a radially outer side of the core portion, Preferably, the central tower outer shell portion has a multilayer structure in the vertical direction.

  In the present invention, by providing the core portion on the central axis of the outer shell portion, the effect of restraining deformation due to the external force of the outer shell portion can be further enhanced. Therefore, the central tower outer shell portion of the multilayer structure provided around the core portion is less affected by the outer shell portion and becomes a structurally stable region. Therefore, a residence, a commercial facility, etc. can be arrange | positioned in this multilayered structure part.

  Further, the spherical shell underwater structure according to the present invention is provided with a horizontal support plate along a horizontal plane passing through the center of the outer shell portion, and the horizontal support plate is provided between the central tower portion and the outer shell portion. It is preferable that they are connected.

  In this case, since the horizontal support plate is integrally connected to the central tower portion and the outer shell portion, when the outer shell portion receives an external force such as horizontal water pressure on the horizontal support plate, A function to prevent buckling can be provided.

  In the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present invention, it is preferable that the frame is formed in a triangular lattice shape.

  In this case, an external force received from the sea can be transmitted in a well-balanced manner over the entire circumference of the elliptical outer shell, and a stable structure can be realized as a spherical shell underwater structure.

  Further, in the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present invention, the outer shell portion is provided with a ballast capable of adjusting buoyancy, and the outer shell portion can move up and down by changing the amount of ballast. preferable.

  By configuring in this way, for example, a state where only a part of the upper part of the outer shell part is levitated above the sea, a state where the entire part is submerged in the sea, or a state where only a part of the lower part of the outer shell part is submerged in the sea By adjusting the weight balance of the ballast or the like, the spherical shell undersea structure can be moved up and down, and can be set to an arbitrary height in the sea.

  According to the spherical shell undersea structure of the present invention, it is possible to construct an elliptical spherical structure having a large diameter by configuring a stable outer shell portion.

It is the side view which showed the whole structure of the spherical shell undersea structure by embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the internal space of the spherical shell undersea structure shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows the construction state of a spherical shell undersea structure, and is the figure which shows the outline | summary of a marine construction system, (b) is the figure which showed the outer shell part of (a) in detail. It is a top view which shows the structure of a water-proof pressure plate. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the housing manufacturing unit typically. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction state using the sea construction system on the sea. It is a top view which shows the construction procedure using a marine construction system, (a), (b) is a figure which shows the construction state in the same level, (c) is construction in the level higher than (a), (b) It is a figure which shows a state. (A)-(c) is the longitudinal cross-section which showed the construction procedure using a marine construction system. It is a side view for demonstrating the movement state of the up-down direction of the constructed spherical shell undersea structure.

  Hereinafter, a spherical shell undersea structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present embodiment is for constructing a spherical (elliptical spherical) undersea structure (hereinafter referred to as a spherical shell undersea structure 10) provided in the sea. Equipment such as various construction units. The spherical shell underwater structure 10 is a structure that is used as a so-called “submersible city” provided with a recreational facility such as a living space, an office space, a commercial facility, and a park.

The spherical shell undersea structure 10 includes a spherical outer shell portion 11 that forms the inner space R, a central tower portion 12 that is disposed along the vertical direction in the center of the inner space R in the outer shell portion 11 in plan view, A ballast 13 connected to the lower side of the outer shell portion 11 is provided. In addition, as the spherical shell undersea structure 10, for example, a structure having a diameter of 500 m is assumed.
The spherical shell underwater structure 10 has a state in which only a part of the upper part of the outer shell part 11 is levitated above the sea, a state in which the entire part is submerged in the sea, or a part of the lower part of the outer shell part 11 is submerged in the sea. By adjusting the weight balance of the ballast 13 such as the state, the ballast 13 can be moved up and down so as to have an arbitrary height in the sea.

The spherical shell underwater structure 10 has a watertight structure over the entire circumference so that the outer shell portion 11 constitutes an outer wall having water resistance and transparency, and seawater is not flooded into the inner space R. Therefore, natural light (sunlight) is collected in the inner space R of the outer shell portion 11 from the entire circumference of the outer shell portion 11 in the sea or on the outside.
The inner space R of the spherical shell undersea structure 10 includes the above-described central tower portion 12 and the large space portion 14 outside thereof. An entrance 15 serving as an entrance to the internal space R is provided on the upper part of the spherical shell underwater structure 10.

  The central tower portion 12 is a multi-story building having a height corresponding to the diameter of the outer shell portion 11 (for example, 500 m), such as a hotel, a commercial facility, a convention facility, a residence, an office, an apartment house / company housing, Institutes and laboratories can be established. In the large space section 14, for example, facilities such as the entrance section 15, a supermarket, an elevator, a deep sea promenade, an air corridor, an air park, and a deep sea park can be arranged. The spherical shell underwater structure 10 is also provided with a machine room and a control room for maintaining the spherical shell structure 10.

The outer shell 11 includes a frame 16 having a triangular lattice mesh structure, and a water pressure plate 17 that is watertightly fitted to a portion surrounded by the frame 16.
The frame 16 is a composite structure composed of a continuous fiber reinforced resin 16A in which a resin bar 16B such as a reinforcing bar formed by impregnating a resin into carbon fiber, aramid fiber or the like is mixed with a high-strength material that does not easily generate rust. Is formed by. As the resin concrete 16A, an ultraviolet curable resin is employed. The frame 16 is manufactured by sequentially placing concrete for each span of a predetermined height from the lower side to the upper side of the outer shell part 11 and is integrally formed as a whole.

  The frame 16 is set so that the width dimension and the beam formation (beam height dimension) increase toward the lower side of the outer shell portion 11 where the water pressure increases. For example, the width dimension is 2.5 m and the beam formation is 3 m in the upper part. In the middle part in the vertical direction, the width is 6 m and the beam is 16.5 m, and in the lower part, the width is 10 m and the beam is 30 m.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the water pressure-resistant plate 17 is formed in an equilateral triangle shape in plan view by an acrylic plate having a predetermined pressure resistance. The water pressure plate 17 has a thickness of approximately 3 m, for example, and is fitted in a watertight manner so that it can withstand the water pressure assumed for a portion (fitting portion) surrounded by the frame 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. ing.

  On the surface of the water pressure plate 17, reinforcing ribs 18 made of fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) are attached in a triangular lattice shape. The reinforcing rib 18 is a buckling reinforcement when subjected to water pressure, and the height of the rib is set to about 1.5 m, for example.

As shown in FIG. 2, the central tower portion 12 includes a core portion 21 (support column) provided along a central axis O extending in the vertical direction of the outer shell portion 11 and a central portion constituting the outer shell of the central tower portion 12. And a tower outer shell portion 22.
The core portion 21 is made of reinforced concrete and is formed with a constant circular cross section along the vertical direction. For example, the core portion 21 is continuously constructed by using a known slip foam, and is higher than the height of the outer shell portion 11 during construction. Built to be The core portion 21 has a semi-suspended structure in which upper and lower ends are integrally joined to the outer shell portion 11, supported from the bottom portion of the outer shell portion 11, and suspended from the top end portion. By providing the core portion 21 on the central axis O of the outer shell portion 11, it is possible to restrain deformation that occurs when the outer shell portion 11 receives an external force such as water pressure.

  The central tower outer shell portion 22 is a frame structure composed of a steel frame or carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), and is disposed at a position away from the core portion 21 in the radial direction. The central tower outer shell portion 22 has a constricted shape so that the horizontal cross-sectional area gradually decreases from both sides of the upper end and the lower end toward the center in the vertical direction.

  In the large space portion 14 formed between the outer shell portion 11 and the central tower portion 12, a passage portion 19 (horizontal support plate) is formed along a horizontal plane passing through the central axis O of the outer shell portion 11. . The passage portion 19 connects between the central tower portion 12 and the outer shell portion 11, and has a function of preventing buckling when the outer shell portion 11 receives an external force such as a horizontal water pressure.

  In the spherical shell undersea structure 10, for example, by providing a vibration damping device (not shown) at the top of the central tower 12 or the passage 19, control is performed so as to suppress vibration due to waves during daily life. It may be.

As shown in FIG. 6, the ballast 13 has a function of controlling the floating position of the outer shell part 11 in the sea and a function of controlling the vibration of the outer shell part 11 due to waves. The ballast 13 has a hollow sphere shape, and a plurality (three in this case) are connected in the vertical direction from the bottom surface of the outer shell portion 11. Each ballast 13 is filled with sand and air at a predetermined ratio, and the buoyancy is varied by adjusting the ratio of the sand and air (see FIG. 9). That is, when the spherical shell underwater structure 10 is lowered to a predetermined depth in the sea, the ratio of the sand in the ballast 13 is increased and the amount of air is reduced to lower the buoyancy. What is necessary is just to increase a buoyancy by decreasing the ratio and increasing the amount of sand.
The shape, size, and quantity of the ballast 13 can be arbitrarily set according to conditions such as the size, weight, and required buoyancy of the spherical shell undersea structure 10.

Next, the structure of the offshore construction system 1 for constructing the spherical shell undersea structure 10 will be described in detail based on the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 3, 6, and 7, the offshore construction system 1 constructs a spherical shell undersea structure 10 by raising the outer shell portion 11 and the central tower portion 12 almost simultaneously. is there.
The offshore construction system 1 includes a guide guide 3 provided so as to be movable up and down along the core portion 21, and a pair of housing manufacturing units 4 provided on the guide guide 3 for constructing the housing frame 16 of the outer shell portion 11. The guide guide 3, the pair of finishing units 5 for constructing the water pressure plate 17 of the outer shell 11 and the cross-sectional shape of the outer shell 11 are stored, and the guide guide 3, the casing manufacturing unit 4, and the finish A control unit (not shown) for controlling the unit 5.

The guide guide 3 is formed of a square steel pipe arranged in a cross shape in plan view, and is provided with a holding portion 33 that holds the core portion 21 while being inserted into the core portion 21 at the center of the cross portion. It is provided so as to be rotatable at the center and to be raised along the core portion 21. The guide guide 3 has a pair of first overhanging arms 31 and 31 extending linearly on both sides of the holding portion 33 in a plan view and a pair of first overhanging arms 31 and 31 in a top view. Second extending arms 32 and 32 that extend in a direction perpendicular to each other and extend linearly on both sides of the holding portion 33 are provided. Each of the overhanging arms 31 and 32 is supported by the holding portion 33 only at the end on the holding portion 33 side.
The first overhanging arms 31 and 31 are provided with a housing manufacturing unit 4 at their respective tips. Further, the second overhanging arms 32, 32 are provided with the finishing unit 5 at their respective tips.
That is, the frame manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are supported by the extension arms 31 and 32 from the holding portion 33 held by the core portion 21 and can rotate and move in the horizontal plane around the core portion 21. It has become.

The first overhanging arm 31 and the second overhanging arm 32 each have a sheath tube structure, and are provided so as to be extendable in the axial direction (length directions X and Y). That is, the frame manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 provided at the distal ends of the overhanging arms 31 and 32 are movable along the radial direction in a top view by extension and contraction of the overhanging arms 31 and 32, respectively.
The positions of the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 in the axial direction (length direction X, Y) of the overhanging arms 31 and 32 will be described later in detail, but they should move corresponding to the construction position of the outer shell portion 11. become.

Each of the first overhanging arm 31 and the second overhanging arm 32 is hollow, and a material conveyance path 34 is provided over the entire length direction X and Y. The material conveyance path 34 passes through the interior of each of the housing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5. The radially outer projecting ends 31a and 32a of the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 project outward in the radial direction of the outer shell portion 11, and the projecting ends 31a and 32a are openings. Moreover, the opening upper end part of these protrusion ends 31a and 32a is a crane etc. which can deliver the material for constructing the spherical shell structure 10 between the outer side of the outer shell part 11 and the inside of the material conveyance path 34, for example. A first lifting equipment 35 is provided.
During the construction of the spherical shell undersea structure 10, the first lifting equipment 35 arranges a material carrier 8 for transporting materials on the sea outside the outer shell portion 11 below the projecting ends 31 a and 32 a. The material carrier 8 is provided for lifting the material from the material carrier 8 and feeding it into the material conveyance path 34 of the guide 3.

  The upper end 21a of the core portion 21 is provided with a second lifting equipment 36 that is used to extend the core portion 21 upward by placing concrete. The second lifting equipment 36 is installed so that it can be replaced with the extension of the core portion 21.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a third crane made of a traveling crane or the like that can move horizontally in the length directions X and Y (see FIG. 3) is formed on the lower surfaces of the first and second extending arms 31 and 32. A lifting equipment 37 is provided. Specifically, the third lifting equipment 37 can be used for material conveyance in the inner space R of the outer shell portion 11 and is provided for installing the central tower portion 12, particularly the central tower outer shell portion 22. .
The third lifting equipment 37 is provided with a traveling rail (not shown) along the length direction X, Y on the lower surface of each overhanging arm 31, 32, and is movable by being guided by the traveling rail. Yes.

  The holding portion 33 that supports the four overhanging arms 31 and 32 is provided with a raising device (not shown) such as a known jump-up mechanism that can be raised using the core portion 21. This raising device raises the guide 3 at a predetermined height. Specifically, the lifting device is controlled by the aforementioned control unit together with the holding unit 33 of the guide guide 3, the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5, and is lifted when the holding state of the core unit 21 by the holding unit 33 is released. The apparatus is driven to provide a mechanism for raising the guide guide 3. In addition, in the raised position, it is hold | maintained with respect to the core part 21 by the holding part again.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the frame manufacturing unit 4 has a movable mold 41 that can be moved in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the frame 16 and that can change its posture. The housing frame 16 is manufactured by filling the structure. Specifically, the frame manufacturing unit 4 includes a mixing unit (illustrated) that mixes the movable mold 41 provided at a predetermined length along the circumferential direction of the outer shell part 11 in top view, the resin concrete 16A, and the resin reinforcement 16B. And a concrete placement opening 42 for placing the mixed concrete 16C mixed in the mixing section into the movable mold 41.

The mobile formwork 41 is a formwork formed in a shape that allows a part of the frame 16 to be placed, and has a curing function after placement.
The movable mold 41 is provided so as to be rotatable in the direction of arrow E (see FIG. 7) around the tangent line of the outer shell portion 11 when viewed from above. In addition, the movable mold 41 has a configuration that can cope with the curvature in the circumferential direction of the outer shell portion 11 that changes with construction.

The concrete placement port 42 is positioned at the mouth of a pressure feed pipe 46 that extends above the movable mold 41, and the mixed concrete 16 </ b> C is discharged into the movable mold 41.
Further, the housing manufacturing unit 4 is provided with an ultraviolet irradiation unit 45 that irradiates the mixed concrete 16 </ b> C placed in the movable mold 41. That is, since the cast concrete is an ultraviolet curable resin, the curing rate can be increased and the efficiency of construction can be improved by irradiating ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet irradiation unit 45 after the placement.

  The finishing unit 5 shown in FIG. 3 has a function for fitting the water pressure plate 17 to the housing frame 16 and a function for performing water stoppage.

  The control unit moves the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 to the construction position of the outer shell portion 11 by the guide guide 3, and places the mixed concrete 16C in the movable mold 41 in the casing manufacturing unit 4, and finishes the finishing unit. 5, the water pressure plate 17 is controlled to be fitted into the portion surrounded by the frame 16. The control unit controls the ascending device and the guide guide 3 to be interlocked.

Next, a marine construction method using the marine construction system having the above-described configuration will be described in detail based on the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIGS. 8A to 8C, the offshore construction method for the spherical shell undersea structure 10 according to the present embodiment is configured so that the movable formwork 41 in the casing manufacturing unit 4 is attached to the outer shell portion 11. A first step of positioning at a predetermined position, a second step of manufacturing the frame 16 by placing the mixed concrete 16C in the movable mold 41, and a portion to be fitted surrounded by the manufactured frame 16 The finishing unit 5 is arranged, and a third step of fitting the water pressure plate 17 to the fitting portion in a watertight manner is provided.
Then, control is performed so that the first step, the second step, and the third step are performed while the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are moved along the shape of the outer shell portion 11 to a predetermined position by the guide guide 3. The configuration is controlled by the unit.

  First, the bottom board part 11A of the outer shell part 11 shown in FIG. 6 is manufactured in a land production yard (dock) (not shown). In the production at this time, a triangular grid-like frame frame 16 of the bottom plate portion 11A is manufactured by a general manufacturing method in which a work scaffold is assembled, a reinforcing bar of the bottom plate portion 11A is set, a formwork is installed, and concrete is placed. To do. Further, a water-resistant pressure plate 17 (see FIG. 1) having a predetermined thickness is fitted into a portion surrounded by the frame 16 in a watertight manner to complete the bottom plate portion 11A. Further, a reinforced concrete core portion 21 is constructed in the internal space R of the bottom plate portion 11A to a height substantially equal to the height of the bottom plate portion 11A.

  Next, the offshore construction system 1 having the above-described configuration is incorporated into the manufactured bottom board portion 11A in the same production yard. That is, the guide guide 3 is attached to the core portion 21 and the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are equipped. Furthermore, the 1st lifting equipment 35, the 2nd lifting equipment 36, and the 3rd lifting equipment 37 are installed simultaneously.

  Thereafter, the bottom board part 11A manufactured on land is transported to a marine site by towing it with a ship, and placed on the site. At this time, three ballasts 13 are provided on the bottom surface of the bottom plate portion 11A of the outer shell portion 11, and the buoyancy is adjusted so that a part of the bottom plate portion 11A floats on the sea. And if the bottom board part 11A is arrange | positioned on the sea by predetermined | prescribed height, construction of the outer shell part 11 above the bottom board part 11A will be performed.

  In offshore construction using the offshore construction system 1, the chassis manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are intermittently moved in the circumferential direction by rotating the guide guide 3, as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b). The pair of chassis manufacturing units 4 manufactures the chassis frame 16 by concrete placement and curing, and the finishing unit 5 performs construction to fit the water pressure plate 17 to the already manufactured chassis frame 16 in a watertight manner. . That is, the entire frame body frame 16 can be manufactured by the two casing manufacturing units 4 by moving the range of the half circumference (180 °) by one casing manufacturing unit 4. Here, the placed concrete 16C is irradiated with ultraviolet rays by the ultraviolet irradiation unit 45 shown in FIG. 5 to harden the resin concrete and the resin streak at an early stage.

Further, in the finishing unit 5 arranged at a position rotated by 90 ° in the circumferential direction with respect to the housing manufacturing unit 4, by moving the range of a half circumference (180 °) intermittently by one finishing unit 5, 2 One finishing unit 5 can be used to install a water pressure plate 17 around the entire circumference.
At this time, the materials such as the resin concrete, the resin reinforcing bars, and the water pressure plate 17 used in the units 4 and 5 are offshore materials by the first lifting equipment 35 provided at the projecting ends 31a and 32a of the units 4 and 5, respectively. It is lifted from the carrier 8 and carried into the outer shell 11 so that it can be used by the units 4 and 5.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8C, almost the same as the construction of the outer shell portion 11, the construction of the central tower portion 12 also uses the second lifting equipment 36 and the third lifting equipment 37. To construct. Specifically, the second lifting equipment 36 is used to extend upward at the upper end of the core portion 21 by concrete placement using the slip foam described above. Moreover, the central tower outer shell part 22 which consists of a steel frame or FRP structure is started up using the 3rd lifting equipment 37 which carries out a horizontal run along the lower surface of the overhang | projection arms 31 and 32. FIG. The materials used for these central tower portions 12 are also carried into the outer shell portion 11 from the material carrier 8 using the first lifting equipment 35.

Next, when the construction for the height of one span is completed, the guide guide 3 is used together with the height of one span of the outer shell portion 11 to be constructed next by the lifting device (not shown) such as the jump-up mechanism described above. The chassis manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are raised and replaced.
Here, since the outer shell portion 11 is spherical and the outer diameter of the outer shell portion 11 is different in top view, as the guide guide 3 rises, the overhang guides 31 and 32 are expanded and contracted to an appropriate length, and the housing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 are controlled to be arranged at predetermined positions of the outer shell portion 11. For example, the outer shell portion 11 shown in FIG. 7 (c) has a larger diameter than the outer shell portion 11 shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), so that the overhanging arms 31 and 32 are extended.

  Thus, by repeating the construction with a predetermined span height, the central tower portion 12 is formed together with the spherical outer shell portion 11, and the spherical shell structure 10 of the present embodiment is constructed.

As described above, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, after positioning the movable mold 41 in the casing manufacturing unit 4 at a predetermined position of the outer shell portion 11, concrete is placed in the movable mold 41. Then, the control unit 7 performs a construction process in which the housing frame 16 is manufactured, the finishing unit 5 is arranged in the fitted portion surrounded by the manufactured housing frame 16, and the water pressure plate 17 is fitted in the watertight manner in the fitted portion. It can be done automatically by controlling. Therefore, the outer shell part 11 of the spherical shell undersea structure 10 whose overall shape forms a curved surface (curve) can be efficiently constructed on the sea.
Moreover, since the housing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 can be moved simultaneously by the guide guide 3, the construction of the water pressure plate 17 is completed at the same timing (the same level as the construction of the housing frame 16). Can do.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the constructed spherical shell undersea structure 10 can be moved up and down in the sea by changing the buoyancy by adjusting the ballast amount of the ballast 13 according to the situation. For example, in normal time S1, the spherical shell undersea structure 10 is held at a position where a part of the upper part of the spherical shell undersea structure 10 comes out to the sea. Further, when the sea is rough due to typhoon S2 or the like, and the influence of waves and wind is large near the sea surface, the buoyancy of the ballast 13 is made smaller than the normal time S1, and the spherical shell structure 10 is completely submerged in the sea. I can leave it to you. Also, during maintenance S3 of the spherical shell undersea structure 10, the buoyancy of the ballast 13 may be made larger than that during normal time S1, for example, so that the upper half or more of the spherical shell undersea structure 10 comes out on the sea. it can.

Next, the effect | action of the spherical shell underwater structure 10 mentioned above is demonstrated in detail based on drawing.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the concrete frame 16 is arranged in a mesh shape along the spherical surface of the outer shell portion 11, and the water pressure resistance is given to the portion surrounded by the frame 16. Since the water-resistant pressure plate 17 is fitted in a watertight state, it is possible to provide a stable oval spherical outer shell portion 11 that is resistant to buckling.
Furthermore, since the water pressure platen 17 has transparency, it can have a daylighting function. Even if the spherical shell underwater structure 10 is placed in the sea, natural light (sunlight) from the sea over the entire circumference of the outer shell 11. Can be taken into the internal space R of the outer shell portion 11, and the internal space R of the outer shell portion 11 can be effectively used.

  In the present embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the central tower portion 12 are integrally joined to the outer shell portion 11, supported from the bottom portion of the outer shell portion 11, and suspended from the top end portion. It becomes a suspended structure. By providing the central tower portion 12 on the central axis O of the outer shell portion 11 in this way, it is possible to restrain deformation that occurs when the outer shell portion 11 receives an external force such as water pressure.

  In the present embodiment, by providing the core portion 21 on the central axis O of the outer shell portion 11, it is possible to further enhance the effect of restraining deformation due to the external force of the outer shell portion 11. Therefore, the central tower outer shell portion 22 having a multilayer structure provided around the core portion 21 is less affected by the outer shell portion 11 and becomes a structurally stable region. Therefore, a residence, a commercial facility, etc. can be arrange | positioned in this multilayered structure part.

  Furthermore, since the passage portion 19 is connected to and integrally formed with the central tower portion 12 and the outer shell portion 11, the outer shell portion 11 receives an external force such as horizontal water pressure in the passage portion 19. A function to prevent buckling can be provided.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the frame 16 is formed in a triangular lattice shape, the external force received from the sea can be transmitted in a well-balanced manner over the entire circumference of the elliptical outer shell portion 11, so A stable structure can be realized as the structure 1.

  As described above, in the spherical shell undersea structure according to the present embodiment, a large-diameter elliptical spherical structure can be constructed by configuring the stable outer shell portion 11.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of the spherical shell undersea structure by this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning, it can change suitably. It is possible to appropriately replace the constituent elements in the embodiments described above with known constituent elements.

For example, in this Embodiment, although it is set as the structure which provides the channel | path part 19 as a horizontal support plate along the horizontal surface which passes along the center of an outer shell part, it is not limited to the use of a channel | path part. It is also possible to omit this horizontal support plate.
In the present embodiment, the frame 16 is formed in a triangular lattice shape, but may be arranged in a mesh shape and is not limited to the triangular lattice shape.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, although the mixed concrete 16C which mixed the resin concrete and the resin reinforcement is employ | adopted as the concrete laid in the frame manufacturing unit 4, it is not limited to such a material, and is normal. It may be cement-based concrete or reinforcing steel that forms reinforced concrete. In addition, when using a reinforcing bar, it is preferable to provide the frame manufacturing unit 4 with the equipment for arranging a reinforcing bar.

  Further, the configuration of the guide 3 is not limited to the present embodiment, and may be other configurations. For example, in the present embodiment, the overhanging arms 31 and 32 are sheathed and extendable in the length directions X and Y, whereby the housing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 move in the radial direction of the outer shell portion 11. However, instead of this, for example, the casing manufacturing unit 4 and the finishing unit 5 may be guided and moved by the overhanging arms 31 and 32.

  In the present embodiment, the outer shell 11 has a spherical shape as the shape, but may be an elliptical sphere having a different aspect ratio.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Marine construction system 3 Guidance guide 4 Body manufacturing unit 5 Finishing unit 7 Control part 10 Ball-shell underwater structure 11 Outer shell part 12 Central tower part 13 Ballast 14 Large space part 16 Body frame 17 Water-resistant pressure plate 18 Reinforcement rib 19 Passage part ( Horizontal support plate)
21 Core part 22 Central tower outer shell part 31 First overhanging arm 32 Second overhanging arm 33 Holding part 34 Material conveyance path 35 First lifting equipment 36 Second lifting equipment 37 Third lifting equipment 41 Mobile type Frame 42 Concrete placement port

Claims (6)

A spherical shell underwater structure with an outer shell portion provided in the sea and having an internal space,
A concrete frame placed in a mesh,
A water-resistant plate that is fitted in a watertight manner to a portion surrounded by the housing frame and has water pressure resistance and transparency;
With
The spherical shell undersea structure, wherein the outer shell portion having an elliptical shape is formed by the frame and the pressure-resistant plate. Inside the outer shell portion, a central tower portion is provided along the central axis of the outer shell portion extending in the vertical direction,
The spherical shell submarine structure according to claim 1, wherein an upper end and a lower end of the central tower portion are connected to the outer shell portion. The central tower part is
A core provided on the central axis of the outer shell,
A central tower outer shell provided on the radially outer side of the core, and
The spherical shell submarine structure according to claim 2, wherein the central tower outer shell portion has a multilayered structure in the vertical direction. A horizontal support plate is provided along a horizontal plane passing through the center of the outer shell,
The spherical shell undersea structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the horizontal support plate is connected between the central tower portion and the outer shell portion.   The spherical shell submarine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the frame is formed in a triangular lattice shape. The outer shell portion is provided with a ballast capable of adjusting buoyancy,
The spherical shell submarine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the outer shell moves up and down by changing a ballast amount.