JP2016083627A - Water purifier using photocatalyst - Google Patents
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- JP2016083627A JP2016083627A JP2014219032A JP2014219032A JP2016083627A JP 2016083627 A JP2016083627 A JP 2016083627A JP 2014219032 A JP2014219032 A JP 2014219032A JP 2014219032 A JP2014219032 A JP 2014219032A JP 2016083627 A JP2016083627 A JP 2016083627A
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
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- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- ZYZCGGRZINLQBL-GWRQVWKTSA-N microcystin-LR Chemical compound C([C@H](OC)[C@@H](C)\C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(=O)N(C)C(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYZCGGRZINLQBL-GWRQVWKTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIDLWIPCWUSYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N microcystin-LR Natural products COC(Cc1ccccc1)C(C)C=C(/C)C=CC2NC(=O)C(NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)C(NC(=O)C(NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(=C)N(C)C(=O)CCC(NC(=O)C2C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O DIDLWIPCWUSYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Abstract
Description
本発明は、池沼、湖沼において発生するアオコの制御、あるいは内湾域に発生する赤潮プランクトンの制御、または上水処理・下水処理さらには風呂水の殺菌処理などにも利用できる水質浄化装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a water quality purification apparatus that can be used for control of blue-green sea urchins generated in ponds and lakes, control of red tide plankton generated in an inner bay area, water treatment / sewage treatment, and bath water sterilization.
池沼、湖沼、あるいは内湾海域等の閉鎖水域で富栄養化が進行すると、アオコや赤潮が発生するようになり、美観を損なうだけでなく水質も極度に悪化する。アオコや赤潮等の植物プランクトンには有毒性の種類があり、淡水の場合は水道水への影響や農畜産業への影響、海の場合は貝類や養殖魚への影響が発生する。世界保健機関（ＷＨＯ）では、アオコが産生するミクロシスチンＬＲを飲料水質ガイドラインに位置付けている。有毒アオコの問題は、我が国や欧米のみならずアジア・太平洋地域においても発生しており、世界的な問題になりつつある。また、池沼、湖沼、あるいは内湾海域等の閉鎖水域湖が、観光やレクリエーションの場として利用されている場合、アオコや赤潮が発生すると景観を著しく阻害し、レクリエーション機能や観光資源としての価値を大きく低下させる。 When eutrophication progresses in closed waters such as ponds, lakes, and inner bay waters, aquatic and red tides are generated, which not only detracts from aesthetics but also extremely deteriorates water quality. Phytoplankton, such as blue sea bream and red tide, have toxic types. In fresh water, they affect tap water and agricultural and livestock industries, and in the sea, they affect shellfish and farmed fish. The World Health Organization (WHO) places microcystin LR produced by Aoko as a drinking water quality guideline. The problem of poisonous aoko is occurring not only in Japan, Europe and America, but also in the Asia / Pacific region, and is becoming a global problem. In addition, when closed water lakes such as ponds, lakes, and inner bay waters are used as tourism and recreational sites, the occurrence of blue sea bream and red tide significantly impedes the landscape, increasing the value of recreational functions and tourism resources. Reduce.
池沼、湖沼、あるいは内湾海域等においてアオコや赤潮対策を行う場合、被処理水は膨大な量になる。そのような水を浄化するためには、出来るだけランニングコストを抑えた水質浄化装置が求められる。そこで近年期待されているのが光触媒を使った水質浄化装置である。 When water and red tide measures are taken in ponds, lakes, or inner bay areas, the amount of water to be treated becomes enormous. In order to purify such water, a water purification device with a reduced running cost as much as possible is required. Therefore, what is expected in recent years is a water purification device using a photocatalyst.
光触媒を使った水質浄化装置としては、これまでにも水面に浮かべた光触媒を含むシート状浮体で太陽光と人工光源との併用により反応を起こさせ湖沼等の水質浄化を行う装置（特許文献1）、光触媒機能を有する塊状を籠型容器に積み重ね太陽光線により反応を起こさせ貯水槽などの水質浄化を行う装置（特許文献２）などが提案されている。 As a water purification device using a photocatalyst, a device that purifies water in lakes and the like by causing a reaction by using a combination of sunlight and an artificial light source with a sheet-like floating body containing a photocatalyst floated on the water surface (Patent Document 1) ), An apparatus (Patent Document 2) that accumulates a lump having a photocatalytic function in a vertical container and causes a reaction by sunlight to purify water quality such as a water storage tank has been proposed.
特許文献１の水処理装置は、被処理水の水量が少ない場合は、昼夜を問わず水処理ができるためそれなりに有効である。しかしながら、シート状浮体は光照射面を広げないと活性化される光触媒が少なくなるため、湖沼等の大水量の処理には装置の大型化が必要になる。その場合、水中の人工光源も大型化が必要で、紫外線透過能の高い石英ガラスのような高価なガラスが必要となり高コストである。また、一定規模以上の大きさになると強度の面からガラス厚を増すことが必要となり、紫外線の透過量が減少して光触媒反応が進まなくなる。更に、光触媒上に堆積してしまう蓄積物を超音波照射によって除去するとしているが、装置が大型化した場合、超音波発生装置の大型化も必要となるため高コストである。 The water treatment apparatus of Patent Document 1 is effective as it is because water treatment can be performed day and night when the amount of water to be treated is small. However, the sheet-like floating body requires less photocatalyst to be activated unless the light irradiation surface is widened. Therefore, the apparatus needs to be enlarged for the treatment of a large amount of water such as a lake. In that case, an underwater artificial light source needs to be enlarged, and an expensive glass such as quartz glass having a high ultraviolet transmittance is required, which is expensive. On the other hand, when the size is larger than a certain scale, it is necessary to increase the glass thickness from the viewpoint of strength, and the amount of transmitted ultraviolet light is reduced and the photocatalytic reaction does not proceed. Furthermore, the accumulated matter deposited on the photocatalyst is removed by ultrasonic irradiation. However, when the apparatus is increased in size, it is necessary to increase the size of the ultrasonic generator, which is expensive.
また、特許文献２の光触媒機能を有する塊状を籠型容器に積み重ね太陽光線により反応を起こさせる方式では、プランクトン等により濁った水では水中に紫外線が透過しにくいので光触媒反応が低下する、天候により紫外線透過量が変動するため浄化能力が安定しない、夜間は浄化能力が全くない、溶存酸素が欠乏した水では光触媒反応が起こらない等の問題がある。 Moreover, in the method of stacking the lump having the photocatalytic function of Patent Document 2 in a vertical container and causing the reaction by sunlight, the photocatalytic reaction is lowered because the ultraviolet light is not easily transmitted in water in turbid water due to plankton, etc. There is a problem that the purification ability is not stable because the amount of transmitted UV light is varied, there is no purification ability at night, and the photocatalytic reaction does not occur in water deficient in dissolved oxygen.
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、光触媒を水質浄化に供した場合に起こる光触媒への汚れの付着による浄化能低下対策を施すこと、水質浄化能を強化するために人工光源として使用する水中紫外線照射装置の製造コストの低化を図ること、溶存酸素が欠乏した水でも水質浄化が行えるようにすること、さらに被処理水量が小水量から大水量までを可能とした水質浄化装置を提供することである。 The problem to be solved by the present invention is to take measures to lower the purification ability due to the adhesion of dirt to the photocatalyst that occurs when the photocatalyst is subjected to water purification, and to use underwater ultraviolet light used as an artificial light source to enhance the water purification ability To reduce the manufacturing cost of the irradiation device, to enable water purification even with water lacking dissolved oxygen, and to provide a water purification device that allows the amount of water to be treated from small to large. It is.
本発明は、このような問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、ダム貯水池等の大水量の処理にも適用可能な水質浄化装置であって、製造コストの低減化を考慮しつつも、太陽光と人工光源の併用化により昼夜を問わず効率的にアオコや赤潮プランクトンの制御、水の浄化が行える水質浄化装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and is a water purification device that can also be applied to the treatment of a large amount of water such as a dam reservoir, and it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost while taking solar power into consideration. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water quality purification apparatus that can efficiently control blue sea urchins and red tide plankton and purify water regardless of day and night by using a combination of an artificial light source and an artificial light source.
本発明者は、小型の装置であってもそれを複数連結させればダム貯水池等の大水量の水を処理でき、また装置の小型化により高価な石英ガラスを使用せずとも紫外線透過への影響を抑えられることを見出し、これに基づいて以下のような水質浄化装置を発明するに至った。 The present inventor can treat a large amount of water in a dam reservoir or the like by connecting a plurality of small devices, and can reduce ultraviolet light transmission without using expensive quartz glass by downsizing the device. Based on this finding, the inventors have invented the following water purification device.
本発明による水質浄化装置は、水面だけでなく陸上部に設置することも可能な水質浄化装置であって、太陽光線（紫外線）を利用するため上部が開口した箱型接触槽と、被処理水が通水される底部がメッシュ状の光触媒メンテナンストレーを内蔵する２重構造になっており、前記光触媒メンテナンストレーには酸化チタン等の光触媒を塗布又はコーティングした担体を堆積し、その下部には光照射面に高透過ガラスを使用した防水性の平盤型LED紫外線照射装置を備え、その光触媒メンテナンストレー内部に送水槽から水中ポンプで被処理水が送水されてきて処理する構造になっている。 The water purification device according to the present invention is a water purification device that can be installed not only on the water surface but also on the land, and uses a sun-ray (ultraviolet ray) to open a box-type contact tank and to-be-treated water The bottom through which water is passed has a double structure with a mesh-shaped photocatalyst maintenance tray built in, and a carrier coated or coated with a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide is deposited on the photocatalyst maintenance tray, and light is deposited below it. It is equipped with a waterproof flat-plate LED ultraviolet irradiation device that uses high-transmission glass on the irradiation surface, and the water to be treated is sent from the water tank to the inside of the photocatalyst maintenance tray by a submersible pump for processing.
前記箱型接触槽は、１辺1ｍ以下のサイズが望ましい。 The box-type contact tank preferably has a size of 1 m or less per side.
前記紫外線照射装置には、紫外線照射面に高透過ガラスを使用することが好ましい。 In the ultraviolet irradiation device, it is preferable to use a highly transmissive glass on the ultraviolet irradiation surface.
前記紫外線照射装置には、LED紫外線灯を使用することが好ましい。 It is preferable to use an LED ultraviolet lamp for the ultraviolet irradiation device.
前記紫外線照射装置には、光反射面に鏡面加工のステンレスを使用することが好ましい。 In the ultraviolet irradiation device, it is preferable to use a mirror-finished stainless steel for the light reflecting surface.
前記紫外線照射装置には、電源コネクター部に防水加工することが好ましい。 In the ultraviolet irradiation device, the power connector portion is preferably waterproofed.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレーは、ステンレスやFRP製であること、底部のメッシュサイズは担体が抜け落ちないサイズでありながらも紫外線の透過への影響を減らすため、出来るだけ開口径が大きいサイズが望ましい。 The photocatalyst maintenance tray is preferably made of stainless steel or FRP, and the mesh size at the bottom is preferably a size with an opening diameter as large as possible in order to reduce the influence on the transmission of ultraviolet rays while preventing the carrier from falling off.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレー内部も、光触媒機能を有することが好ましい。 The inside of the photocatalyst maintenance tray preferably also has a photocatalytic function.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレーに堆積する酸化チタン等の光触媒を塗布又はコーティングした担体（以下、担体と略す）は、ガラスやセラミック製であることが好ましい。 A carrier coated with or coated with a photocatalyst such as titanium oxide deposited on the photocatalyst maintenance tray (hereinafter abbreviated as a carrier) is preferably made of glass or ceramic.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレーには、内部に隔壁を設置することで流路を作り、滞留時間を確保されることが望ましい。 In the photocatalyst maintenance tray, it is desirable that a flow path is formed by installing a partition inside to secure a residence time.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレー内部の隔壁は、その設置幅を一定としないことで流れに強弱を付け乱流を発生させ、流路内で光触媒反応を促進させることが好ましい。 It is preferable that the partition wall inside the photocatalyst maintenance tray does not make the installation width constant, thereby generating a turbulent flow by increasing and decreasing the flow and promoting the photocatalytic reaction in the flow path.
前記光触媒メンテナンス用トレー内部の隔壁も、光触媒機能を有することが好ましい。 It is preferable that the partition inside the photocatalyst maintenance tray also has a photocatalytic function.
前記箱型接触槽を貯水池等の水面に設置する場合は、浮力体を備えることが好ましい。 When the box-type contact tank is installed on the water surface of a reservoir or the like, it is preferable to provide a buoyancy body.
前記箱型接触槽内に送水する際に、自給式エアレーション装置を備えることが好ましい。 When water is supplied into the box-type contact tank, it is preferable to provide a self-contained aeration apparatus.
前記箱型接触槽には太陽光発電器、蓄電器、整流器を備えることが好ましい。 The box-type contact tank preferably includes a solar power generator, a capacitor, and a rectifier.
前記箱型接触槽には、明暗センサーを備え、太陽光利用と紫外線灯利用に自動切り替えを行うことが好ましい。 It is preferable that the box-type contact tank is provided with a light / dark sensor and is automatically switched between sunlight and ultraviolet light.
前記箱型接触槽には、植物プランクトンが高密度に分布する水層を察知するためクロロフィルセンサーを設置することが好ましい。 It is preferable to install a chlorophyll sensor in the box-type contact tank in order to detect an aqueous layer in which phytoplankton is distributed at a high density.
前記箱型接触槽に太陽光発電器を設置し夏季高温時や高温な地域で使用する場合は、太陽電池の発電量が低下する。そういった事を防ぐために、太陽電池パネルにシャワー式洗浄装置等を設置し、冷却と洗浄を行うことが好ましい。 When a solar power generator is installed in the box-type contact tank and used in a high temperature in summer or in a high temperature area, the power generation amount of the solar cell is reduced. In order to prevent such a situation, it is preferable to perform a cooling and cleaning by installing a shower type cleaning device or the like on the solar cell panel.
前記箱型接触槽には、落ち葉等のゴミ混入を防ぐため、上部にネットを張りゴミの混入を防ぐこともが好ましい。 In the box-type contact tank, it is also preferable that a net is placed on the upper portion to prevent contamination of dust such as fallen leaves.
本発明による水質浄化装置は、光触媒反応を太陽光と人工光で効果的進めることができ、アオコ等プランクトンを含む被処理水が箱型接触槽内を通過する間に、光触媒反応によって生成するスーパーオキサイドアニオンやヒドロキシラジカル等の活性酸素・フリーラジカルの作用で、アオコ等プランクトンの死滅・分解あるいは不活化させることができる。 The water purification apparatus according to the present invention can effectively advance the photocatalytic reaction with sunlight and artificial light, and the water to be treated containing plankton such as blue-green is produced by the photocatalytic reaction while passing through the box-type contact tank. Plankton such as blue-green can be killed, decomposed or inactivated by the action of active oxygen and free radicals such as oxide anions and hydroxy radicals.
アオコやシャットネラ赤潮のプランクトンは日周鉛直移動を行う事が分かっている。昼間は光合成を行うために表層付近に集積するが、夜間は栄養塩類を求めてやや深部に集積する。その鉛直移動範囲は概ね5ｍである。本発明の水質浄化装置は、クロロフィルセンサーでプランクトンが集積する水層を把握し、その水層の水を選択的に取水し、処理することができる。 Aoko and Shutnera red tide plankton are known to move vertically. In the daytime, it accumulates near the surface for photosynthesis, but in the night, it accumulates somewhat deeply in search of nutrients. Its vertical movement range is approximately 5m. The water purification apparatus of the present invention can grasp a water layer in which plankton accumulates with a chlorophyll sensor, selectively take water from the water layer, and process it.
また、箱型接触槽内部の光触媒メンテナンス用トレーに光触媒の担体を堆積することで、トレーごと取り出して光触媒への汚れの付着等のメンテナンスを容易に行うことができる。 Further, by depositing the photocatalyst carrier on the photocatalyst maintenance tray inside the box-type contact tank, it is possible to easily perform maintenance such as taking out the tray and attaching dirt to the photocatalyst.
また、防水性の平盤型LED紫外線照射装置には、高価な石英ガラスを使用せずに済み、安価な高透過ガラスでも十分光触媒反応を進めることが出来る。 Moreover, it is not necessary to use an expensive quartz glass for the waterproof flat-plate LED ultraviolet irradiation device, and a photocatalytic reaction can be sufficiently advanced even with an inexpensive high transmission glass.
また、本発明の水質浄化装置は連結可能なユニット方式のため、被処理水の水量に応じて装置を増減でき、小水量から大水量まで様々な水域に適用できる。 Moreover, since the water purification apparatus of this invention is a unit system which can be connected, an apparatus can be increased / decreased according to the amount of to-be-processed water, and it can apply to various water areas from a small amount of water to a large amount of water.
また、本発明の水質浄化装置は被処理水の溶存酸素が欠乏している場合においても、被処理水に酸素供給をする手段を有することで光触媒反応が起こり、水質浄化が行える。 Further, the water purification apparatus of the present invention can perform water purification by having a means for supplying oxygen to the water to be treated even when the dissolved oxygen is deficient in the water to be treated, thereby causing a photocatalytic reaction.
また、光触媒は有害化学物質の分解作用、有機物分解作用、細菌やウイルスへの殺菌作用があることが知られている。従って、本発明の水質浄化装置はこれらに関する水質汚染防止対策、あるいは衛生学的な対策としての利用を提供する事もできる。 In addition, it is known that the photocatalyst has a decomposing action of harmful chemical substances, a decomposing action of organic substances, and a bactericidal action against bacteria and viruses. Therefore, the water purification apparatus of the present invention can also be used as a water pollution prevention measure or a hygienic measure regarding these.
また、本発明の水質浄化装置を使用すれば、観光やレクリエーションの場として利用されている池沼、湖沼において、その観光資源としての価値、レクリエーションの場としての価値を維持することができ、経済的効果が得られる。 In addition, if the water purification apparatus of the present invention is used, the value as a tourism resource and the value as a recreation place can be maintained in ponds and lakes used as a place for sightseeing and recreation. An effect is obtained.
さらに、本発明の水質浄化装置を赤潮の防除対策として利用すれば、水産養殖や漁業への経済的損失を回避できる。 Furthermore, if the water purification apparatus of the present invention is used as a countermeasure for controlling red tides, economic loss to aquaculture and fishery can be avoided.
他方、本発明の水質浄化装置で使用するLED紫外線照射装置は、水銀フリーのため、水俣条約に抵触することがなく、LEDの使用により従来の紫外線灯より消費電力が少なくて済む。 On the other hand, the LED ultraviolet irradiation apparatus used in the water purification apparatus of the present invention is mercury-free, so it does not conflict with the Minamata Convention, and the use of LEDs requires less power consumption than conventional ultraviolet lamps.
また、本発明の水質浄化装置を水面に設置すると、水中ポンプの吸い込みと吐出によって表層水が流動し、効果が広範囲に広がる。 Further, when the water purification device of the present invention is installed on the surface of the water, the surface layer water flows due to suction and discharge of the submersible pump, and the effect spreads over a wide range.
以上のように、本発明の水質浄化装置では、光触媒に付着した汚れのメンテナンスが容易に行え、水中紫外線照射装置の製造コストを削減することができ、LEDを使用するため水銀フリーで省エネルギーであり、溶存酸素が欠乏した被処理水であっても酸素供給をするため水質浄化が行え、かつ、家庭用の風呂のような小水量の水からダム貯水池のような大水量の水までを浄化できる水質浄化装置を提供することができる。 As described above, the water purification device of the present invention can easily maintain dirt adhered to the photocatalyst, reduce the manufacturing cost of the underwater ultraviolet irradiation device, and is mercury-free and energy-saving because it uses LEDs. Even treated water deficient in dissolved oxygen can be purified by supplying oxygen, and it can purify water from a small amount of water like a home bath to a large amount of water like a dam reservoir. A water purification device can be provided.
以下、図面に基づいて、本発明の実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
最初に、本発明の第１実施形態による水質浄化装置の構成を説明する。図１は、本発明の第１実施形態による水質浄化装置の側面図あり、ダム貯水池等の水面に設置した断面図を示している。
図２は、前記第１実施形態による水質浄化装置の構成を示す平面図である。
Initially, the structure of the water purification apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a side view of a water purification device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and shows a cross-sectional view installed on the surface of a dam reservoir or the like.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the water purification device according to the first embodiment.
図１、２に示すように、本発明の第１実施形態による水質浄化装置１０は、太陽光線を取り入れ易いようダム貯水池等の水面に設置されており、浮力体１５により水面に浮いた状態で使用される。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water purification device 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is installed on the water surface of a dam reservoir or the like so that it can easily take in sunlight, and is floated on the water surface by a buoyancy body 15. used.
図１、２に示すように、水質浄化装置１０は、箱型光触媒接触槽１の内部に光触媒メンテナンストレー８を備えた２重構造となっており、被処理水はこの光触媒メンテナンストレー８へと送水される。光触媒メンテナンストレー８は付設された隔壁１１により仕切ることで流路が作られ、流路には光触媒を塗布又はコーティングした光触媒担体９が堆積されている。この隔壁１１によって作られた流路は、被処理水が通過する滞留時間を長くし、隔壁１１の設置幅を一定間隔とせず広、狭と変化を付けることで乱流を発生させて光触媒反応が進行するのに役立つ。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water purification device 10 has a double structure in which a photocatalyst maintenance tray 8 is provided inside the box-type photocatalyst contact tank 1. Water is sent. The photocatalyst maintenance tray 8 is partitioned by an attached partition wall 11 to create a flow path, and a photocatalyst carrier 9 coated or coated with a photocatalyst is deposited in the flow path. The flow path formed by the partition wall 11 increases the residence time through which the water to be treated passes, and generates a turbulent flow by changing the installation width of the partition wall 11 to be wide and narrow, so that photocatalytic reaction occurs. Help to progress.
光触媒担体９は表面積を大きくするため球体や多面体であっても良い。担体表面はなめらかであっても多孔質であっても良く、材質はガラスやセラミックなどの無機質が好ましい。 The photocatalyst carrier 9 may be a sphere or a polyhedron in order to increase the surface area. The surface of the carrier may be smooth or porous, and the material is preferably an inorganic material such as glass or ceramic.
光触媒担体９をメンテナンストレーに堆積する層厚は2〜3層程度で良い。紫外線が照射されないような層厚では光触媒反応が起こらないからである。 The layer thickness for depositing the photocatalyst carrier 9 on the maintenance tray may be about 2 to 3 layers. This is because the photocatalytic reaction does not occur when the layer thickness is such that ultraviolet rays are not irradiated.
図１、２に示すように、水質浄化装置１０の箱型光触媒接触槽１の底部には水中から紫外線を照射できる防水性の平盤型LED紫外線照射装置１２を備え、太陽光だけでなく人工光と併用させることで、光触媒反応が昼夜を問わず、又は天候に左右されず進めることに役立つ。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bottom of the box-type photocatalytic contact tank 1 of the water purification device 10 is equipped with a waterproof flat-plate LED ultraviolet irradiation device 12 that can irradiate ultraviolet rays from the water. By using together with light, it is useful for the photocatalytic reaction to proceed regardless of day or night, or regardless of the weather.
図１、２に示すように、水質浄化装置１０の箱型光触媒接触槽１には、その前面に取り付けられた取水・送水槽２から被処理水が水中ポンプ３によって送水される。被処理水の溶存酸素が欠乏している場合は、水中ポンプ３の吐出口に取り付けられた自給式エアレーション装置４によって酸素を供給しながら送水することができる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water to be treated is fed into the box-type photocatalyst contact tank 1 of the water purification device 10 by a submersible pump 3 from a water intake / water tank 2 attached to the front surface thereof. When the dissolved oxygen in the water to be treated is deficient, water can be supplied while oxygen is supplied by the self-contained aeration apparatus 4 attached to the discharge port of the submersible pump 3.
図１、２に示すように、取水槽２aには表層ゲート５aと選択取水管５bが取り付けられているため、アオコや赤潮プランクトンが集積する水層の水を選択的に取水できる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface water gate 5 a and the selective water intake pipe 5 b are attached to the water intake tank 2 a, so that water in the water layer in which blue sea lions and red tide plankton are accumulated can be selectively taken.
次に、本発明の第２実施形態について説明する。図３は、本発明の第２実施形態による水質浄化装置の構成を示す平面図である。 Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the water purification apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
なお、図１、２と同じ符号を付している部分は水質浄化装置１の構成部分と同じ構造、機能を有する部分であるため、説明を省略する。ここで本発明の第２実施形態による水質浄化装置２０は、第１実施形態の水質浄化装置１０を連結した仕様になっている。 In addition, since the part which attached | subjected the same code | symbol as FIGS. 1 and 2 is a part which has the same structure and function as the structural part of the water purification apparatus 1, description is abbreviate | omitted. Here, the water purification device 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a specification in which the water purification device 10 of the first embodiment is connected.
図３に示すように、第２実施形態である水質浄化装置２０は、第１実施形態の水質浄化装置１の処理量を増やすために連結させたものである。箱型光触媒の取水連結管６は、連結部前端の水中プンプからの送水を分流させる分流管１５と接続し、各々はアングル１７で固定される。このような構成とすれば、光触媒接触槽１を並列に組み合わせることで処理水量を増大することが可能である。なお、被処理水が有害化学物質を含む場合には、光触媒接触槽１を直列につなぐこともできる。 As shown in FIG. 3, the water purification device 20 according to the second embodiment is connected to increase the throughput of the water purification device 1 according to the first embodiment. The box-type photocatalyst water intake connection pipe 6 is connected to a diversion pipe 15 for diverting water supplied from an underwater pump at the front end of the connection section, and each is fixed at an angle 17. With such a configuration, it is possible to increase the amount of treated water by combining the photocatalyst contact tanks 1 in parallel. In addition, when to-be-processed water contains a hazardous | toxic chemical substance, the photocatalyst contact tank 1 can also be connected in series.
次に、本発明の第３実施形態について説明する。図４は、第１、第２実施形態である水質浄化装置１０,２０を陸上部に設置した場合の設置断面図を示したものである。なお、図１〜３と同じ符号を付している部分は水質浄化装置１０、２０の構成部分と同じ構造、機能を有する部分であるため、説明を省略する。 Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 shows an installation cross-sectional view when the water purification apparatuses 10 and 20 according to the first and second embodiments are installed on the land. In addition, since the part which has attached | subjected the same code | symbol as FIGS. 1-3 is a part which has the same structure and function as the structural part of the water purification apparatuses 10 and 20, description is abbreviate | omitted.
図４に示すように、第３実施形態である水質浄化装置は、棚状アングル１８に第１実施形態の水質浄化装置を置き、前端部に分流管１６、後端部に集合管１９を備える仕様で、積み重ねて連結させることができる。このような実施形態とすることで、省スペースに水質浄化を行うことが出来る。 As shown in FIG. 4, the water purification device according to the third embodiment places the water purification device of the first embodiment on the shelf-like angle 18, and includes a branch pipe 16 at the front end and a collecting pipe 19 at the rear end. By specification, they can be stacked and connected. By setting it as such an embodiment, water quality purification can be performed in a space-saving manner.
また、第３実施形態では、LED紫外線灯を底面だけでなく上面に置き、上下両方向から紫外線を照射することもできる。 In the third embodiment, the LED ultraviolet lamp can be placed not only on the bottom surface but also on the top surface and irradiated with ultraviolet rays from both the top and bottom directions.
次に、本発明第１、第２実施形態における取水方式について説明する。図５はその取水方式の断面図を示したものである。アオコやシャットネラ赤潮などのプランクトンは、日周鉛直移動を行う事が分かっている。昼間は光合成を行うために表層付近に集積するが、夜間は栄養塩類を求めてやや深部に集積する。取水槽２aには表層ゲート５aと選択取水管５bおよびバルブ２１が取り付けられているため、バルブ操作によりアオコや赤潮プランクトンが集積する水層の水を選択的に取水できる。 Next, the water intake system in the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the water intake method. Plankton, such as aoko and shutnera red tide, are known to move vertically. In the daytime, it accumulates near the surface for photosynthesis, but in the night, it accumulates somewhat deeply in search of nutrients. Since the surface water gate 5a, the selective water intake pipe 5b, and the valve 21 are attached to the water intake tank 2a, the water in the water layer in which the aquatic and red tide plankton are collected can be selectively taken in by the valve operation.
プランクトンが集積する水層を察知するため、水質浄化装置１０、２０にはクロロフィルセンサーを付け、プランクトンが集積する水層を把握することができる。自動制御装置を取り付けることで、プランクトンが集積する水層を自動的に把握し、バルブの開閉も自動化して処理することもできる。 In order to detect the water layer in which plankton accumulates, the water purification apparatuses 10 and 20 can be provided with a chlorophyll sensor to grasp the water layer in which plankton accumulates. By attaching an automatic control device, it is possible to automatically grasp the water layer in which plankton accumulates and to handle the valve opening and closing automatically.
図６は、60L水槽で行ったアオコを含む植物プランクトンの制御実験結果を示したものである。実験開始からわずかな時間で植物プランクトンは激減し、光合成色素であるクロロフィルaも激減していることが分かる。なお、クロロフィルaは分解するとフェオフィチンaに変化するが、クロロフィルaとして分析される。しかし、実験終了時のクロロフィルaの値が光触媒試験区では激減していることから、フェオフィチンaも分解していることが示唆される。 FIG. 6 shows the results of a control experiment for a phytoplankton containing a sea cucumber conducted in a 60 L water tank. It can be seen that phytoplankton is drastically reduced in a short time from the start of the experiment, and chlorophyll a, which is a photosynthetic pigment, is also drastically reduced. Chlorophyll a is converted to pheophytin a when decomposed, but is analyzed as chlorophyll a. However, the value of chlorophyll a at the end of the experiment has decreased dramatically in the photocatalyst test section, suggesting that pheophytin a is also degraded.
本発明の実施形態による水質浄化装置は、池沼、湖沼、河川、水路、あるいは内湾域などの海域などの自然水域、上水・下水処理場、工場排水処理プラントにおける水質浄化装置として広く利用することができる。 The water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is widely used as a water purification apparatus in natural water areas such as ponds, lakes, rivers, waterways, sea areas such as inner bay areas, water and sewage treatment plants, and industrial wastewater treatment plants. Can do.
本発明の実施形態による水質浄化装置は、活性汚泥浄化槽の放流水に対し、塩素量を削減させる効果も期待できる。 The water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can also be expected to have an effect of reducing the amount of chlorine with respect to the discharged water of the activated sludge purification tank.
本発明の実施形態による水質浄化装置は、水道で問題となっている耐塩素性原虫であるクリプトスポリジウム、ジアルジア対策に極めて有効である。 The water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention is extremely effective for countermeasures against Cryptosporidium, Giardia, which is a chlorine-resistant protozoan that is a problem in waterworks.
本発明の実施形態による水質浄化装置は、上水処理に伴って発生するトリハロメタン生成能、あるいはトリハロメタンを分解する効果も期待できる。 The water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can also be expected to have a trihalomethane production ability generated with water treatment or an effect of decomposing trihalomethane.
本発明の実施形態による水質浄化装置は、難分解性有機化学物質を含む工場排水に対しても、その分解作用が期待できるため、広く産業界に利用できる。 The water purification apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention can be widely used in the industrial world because it can be expected to be decomposed even with respect to industrial wastewater containing a hardly decomposable organic chemical substance.
１０、２０、２５ 水質浄化装置
１ 箱型光触媒接触槽
２ 取水・送水槽
２a 取水槽
２b 送水槽
３ 水中ポンプ
４ 自給式エアレーション装置
５a 表層取水ゲート
５b 選択取水管
６ 取水連結管
７ 放流管
８ 光触媒メンテナンストレー
９ 光触媒担体
11 隔壁
12 平盤型LED紫外線照射装置
13 紫外線LED灯
14 高透過ガラス
15 浮力体
16 分流管
17 アングル
18 棚状アングル
19 集合管
21 バルブ
22 アオコ等プランクトンの集積水
10, 20, 25 Water purification device 1 Box-type photocatalyst contact tank 2 Water intake / water supply tank 2a Water intake tank 2b Water supply tank 3 Submersible pump 4 Self-contained aeration device 5a Surface intake gate 5b Selective intake pipe 6 Intake connection pipe 7 Discharge pipe 8 Photocatalyst Maintenance tray 9 Photocatalyst carrier
11 Bulkhead
12 Flat plate type LED UV irradiation equipment
13 UV LED light
14 High transmission glass
15 Buoyant body
16 Shunt pipe
17 angle
18 Shelf angle
19 Collecting pipe
21 Valve
22 Accumulated water of plankton
Claims (4)
The water quality purification apparatus includes a surface water intake gate and a selective water intake pipe in a water intake tank, and water intake of an arbitrary water layer can be selected from a surface water intake by a valve operation. Water purification device.
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| JP2007319812A (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-13 | Sharp Corp | Method and apparatus for cleaning water |
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