JP2016081536A - Woody biomass fuel management system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the management of each phase pertaining to the utilization of a woody biomass fuel.SOLUTION: With at least one of a lumbering phase, a drying phase, a chipping phase, a transport phase, a storage phase, a combustion phase, and an ash treatment phase defined as a subject phase, the present invention acquires the estimated amount of timber processed in the subject phase; acquires facility information on a facility used in carrying out the subject phase; acquiring the number of people pertaining to the execution of the subject phase and human resource information indicating labor costs pertaining to said execution; accepting input of a variable factor in each step of the subject phase and determining the coefficient of processing based on a prescribed function or coefficient table in accordance with the inputted value of the variable factor; calculating the estimated amount of timber that can be processed when executing the subject phase with the facility and the number of people with respect to the estimated amount of timber; correcting at least one of the estimated amount, labor cost, and facility cost by multiplying it by the coefficient of processing; and calculating cost per estimated amount of timber processing in the subject phase on the basis of the corrected estimated amount, labor cost, and facility cost.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a woody biomass fuel management system.

  Woody fuel is an energy source that has been used for a long time, but since the use of fossil fuels, its utilization was very low.

  In recent years, however, fossil fuels have caused adverse environmental impacts and depletion, which has little impact on the environment, and the use of woody biomass fuel as a sustainable energy source is desired.

JP 2005-102512 A JP 2012-143676 A

  In order to continuously use woody biomass fuel, it is necessary to first cut down the timber as raw material from the mountain and carry it out. However, because there are limited forest roads and work roads currently available, the amount that can be collected There is also a limit. It may be possible to construct new forest roads and work roads, but this will increase costs.

  After this, there are many phases such as drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase of felled wood, and continuation of woody biomass fuel should any of these phases become inconvenient. You will not be able to use it.

  For example, if the amount of combustion is excessively increased in order to obtain a large amount of heat energy, the required amount of chips also increases, and for this reason, the maintenance of forest roads and work roads is necessary. It is possible that the increase in cost will exceed the cost and profitability will deteriorate.

  Also, drying of wood requires a period of about six months, and if the demand is suddenly increased, the supply of chips will not be in time, and it will be necessary to procure at a high cost from the outside.

  In addition, if the quality of the chips procured from outside is low, the equipment may malfunction and maintenance costs may increase, or heavy metals remaining on the incineration ash may exceed the standards and increase disposal costs. .

  For this reason, in order to use the woody biomass fuel continuously, it is necessary to manage so that the balance of each phase can be maintained.

  However, it is the raw wood that is produced in the logging phase, which is chip energy in the chip conversion phase and thermal energy in the combustion phase, and the form and scale of each phase are different, making comparison difficult and consistent management difficult.

Therefore, the problem to be solved is the provision of technology that facilitates the management of each phase related to the use of woody biomass fuel.

In order to solve the above problems, the woody biomass fuel management system of the present invention is:
A woody biomass fuel management system that manages multiple phases of processing wood for the use of woody biomass fuel,
The target phase is at least one of the timber cutting phase, drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase,
A planned amount obtaining unit for obtaining a planned amount of wood to be processed in the target phase;
An equipment information acquisition unit for acquiring equipment information indicating the type and cost of equipment used for the implementation of the target phase;
A human resources information acquisition unit for acquiring human resources information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the target phase and the personnel costs of the persons involved in the implementation;
A variation factor accepting unit that accepts an input of a variation factor in each step of the target phase;
A processing coefficient determination unit that determines a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to an input value of the variation factor;
For the planned amount of wood, an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is implemented with the equipment and the number of people is obtained, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost is multiplied by the processing coefficient. A cost calculating unit that calculates the cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the estimated amount after correction, the labor cost, and the equipment cost;
Is provided.

  The woody biomass fuel management system may further include a conversion unit that obtains a heat amount related to combustion of the estimated amount of wood and converts a cost per estimated amount into a cost per heat amount.

The woody biomass fuel management system refers to a variation table storing a recommended value of the variation factor, and the processing coefficient determination unit determines a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to the recommended value of the variation factor. Decide
The cost calculator corrects at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost by multiplying by a processing coefficient corresponding to the recommended value, and the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost are corrected. To calculate the cost per estimated amount,
Comparing the cost per estimated amount determined according to the input value of the variation factor with the cost per estimated amount determined according to the recommended value, the per estimated amount determined according to the recommended value An improvement proposal unit for notifying the recommended value of the variable factor as an improvement proposal when the cost of
May be further provided.
In the woody biomass fuel management system, the fluctuation factors of the drying phase are the distance from the forest road to the drying place, the method of lowering the transported wood to the drying place, whether or not to peel the bark, the diameter of the wood, how to stack the wood, It may be at least one of the environment of the drying place and the distance from the drying place to the place where chipping is performed.

The woody biomass fuel management system is:
A grapple that is attached to the arm tip of the work device and grips the wood to perform a predetermined operation;
A sensor for detecting an operating state of the grapple;
A processing result acquisition unit that calculates a processing amount of wood per predetermined time based on a detection value of the sensor;
A grapple data acquisition device comprising:
The cost calculation unit may calculate the cost per heat amount using the processing amount of wood acquired by the data acquisition device as the planned amount.

In order to solve the above problems, the woody biomass fuel management method of the present invention is:
A woody biomass fuel management method for managing multiple phases of processing wood for the use of woody biomass fuel,
The target phase is at least one of the timber cutting phase, drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase,
Obtaining a planned amount of wood to be processed in the target phase;
Acquiring facility information indicating the type and cost of the facility used to perform the target phase;
Obtaining human resource information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the target phase and the personnel costs of persons involved in the implementation;
Receiving an input of a variation factor in each process of the target phase;
Determining a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to an input value of the variation factor;
For the planned amount of wood, an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is implemented with the equipment and the number of people is obtained, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost is multiplied by the processing coefficient. And calculating a cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost, and a wood biomass fuel management executed by a computer Method.
The woody biomass fuel management method is based on a detection value of a sensor that is attached to the tip of an arm of a working device and detects an operation state of a grapple that grasps wood and performs a predetermined operation, and treats the amount of wood per predetermined time May be calculated as the planned amount.

  The present invention may be a program for causing a computer to execute the above method. Further, the computer program may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.

  Here, the computer-readable recording medium refers to a recording medium that accumulates information such as data and programs by electrical, magnetic, optical, mechanical, or chemical action and can be read from the computer. . Examples of such recording media that can be removed from the computer include a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a CD-R / W, a DVD (registered trademark), a DAT, an 8 mm tape, and a memory card. .

  Further, there are a hard disk, a ROM (read only memory), and the like as a recording medium fixed to the computer. The contents described in the means for solving the problems can be combined as much as possible without departing from the problems and technical ideas of the present invention.

  The woody biomass fuel management system of the present invention can provide a technology that facilitates the management of each phase related to the use of woody biomass fuel. In addition, improvement measures for each phase can be presented regarding the use of woody biomass fuel in the currently operating system.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of each phase in the woody biomass fuel management system. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the woody biomass fuel management system. FIG. 3 is an apparatus configuration diagram illustrating an example of a computer. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of processing for calculating the cost in each phase. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of processing for back-calculating the scheduled amount of processing from the estimated amount of processing in each phase. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall flow of the woody biomass fuel management method. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the overall flow of the woody biomass fuel management method. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing an overall flow of the woody biomass fuel management method. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the quality management process. FIG. 10 is an example of a human resource table showing work items related to the operation plan phase. FIG. 11 is an example of a variation table showing the variation factors related to the logging conditions. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to a logging phase using a vehicle. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to a logging phase using a vehicle. FIG. 14 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment. FIG. 15 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources. FIG. 16 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to the rain / snow accumulation condition. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to a logging phase using overhead lines. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to a logging phase using an overhead line. FIG. 19 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment. FIG. 20 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources. FIG. 21 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors relating to rainfall / snow coverage conditions and topography. FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment information table related to the drying phase. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource information table related to the drying phase. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment. FIG. 25 is a diagram showing a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources. FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of parameters for obtaining the dry quality. FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table relating to the chipping phase. FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to the chipping phase. FIG. 29 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment. FIG. 30 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors relating to human resources. FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating an example of a variation table related to the weather. FIG. 32 is a diagram illustrating an example of managing chip quality after chip formation. FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table according to the transport phase. FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to the chipping phase. FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating an example of a chip cost calculation method. FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating an example of managing chip quality after conveyance. FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating an example of a chip silo. FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to the storage phase. FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an example of a personnel table related to the storage phase. FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to the storage phase. FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of an equipment table related to the combustion phase. FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating an example of a personnel table related to the combustion phase. FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an example of an equipment table related to the ash treatment phase. FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an example of a human resource table related to the ash processing phase. FIG. 45 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method for calculating the ash treatment cost. FIG. 46 is a diagram showing an example of managing chip quality after ash processing. FIG. 47 is an explanatory diagram of a grapple system according to the second embodiment. FIG. 48 is a diagram illustrating an example of a heavy machine including a grapple. FIG. 49 is a diagram illustrating an example of a grapple according to the second embodiment. FIG. 50 is a diagram illustrating an example of a grapple according to the second embodiment. FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram of a heavy machinery and grapple control system. FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram of a data acquisition method by a computer. FIG. 53 is a diagram illustrating an output example of work results. FIG. 54 is a diagram illustrating an output example of the movement trajectory of a grapple or heavy equipment. FIG. 55 is a diagram showing an example in which an grapple is provided with an interrupting portion. FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram of the interrupting unit. FIG. 57 is a diagram showing an example of the outer shape of the interrupting section. FIG. 58 is a diagram illustrating a state in which wood is gripped by a grapple arm including an insertion portion. FIG. 59 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the interruption unit is configured as an attachment.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the woody biomass fuel management system of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

<< Embodiment 1 >>
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of each phase in the present woody biomass fuel management system, and FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the present woody biomass fuel management system.

<Description of phase>
As shown in FIG. 1, the woody biomass fuel management system manages an operation planning phase, a logging phase, a drying phase, a chipping phase, a transportation phase, a storage phase, a combustion phase, an ash treatment phase, and a billing phase.

  The operation plan phase analyzes the value of forests, confirms the amount of resources that can be collected from the conditions of forest roads, mountain slope, vegetation tree species, etc., and develops a maintenance plan for continuously collecting timber. Create etc.

  The felling phase is a phase in which standing trees are felled, shaped into a transportable state (branching, ball cutting, etc.), and accumulated near a forest road or the like.

  The drying phase is a phase in which the collected wood is transported to a drying place, piled up in a state where it is easily dried, and dried for a predetermined period.

  In the chipping phase, the wood stacked in the drying place is transported to a chipping device (chipper), and cut or crushed into fuel chips. The transportation phase is a phase in which the fuel chip is transported to the chip silo.

  The storage phase is a phase in which fuel chips are housed in chip silos and supplied to the boiler for combustion.

  The combustion phase is a phase in which fuel chips are burned in a boiler to supply thermal energy for hot water, steam, power generation and the like.

  The ash treatment phase is a phase in which the ash remaining after combustion is used as a fertilizer or the like, or discarded according to waste standards.

  The billing phase is a phase in which billing is made for the price of heat energy supply, the amount of system usage, and the fee for using the equipment.

  Note that these phases are examples, and other phases may be added or modified. Details of each phase will be described later.

<Functional explanation of woody biomass fuel management system>
As shown in FIG. 2, the present woody biomass fuel management system 110 includes a planned amount acquisition unit 111, a facility information acquisition unit 112, a human resource information acquisition unit 113, a variable factor reception unit 114, a processing coefficient determination unit 115, and a cost calculation unit. 116, a conversion unit 117, an output control unit 118, and an improvement proposal unit 119.

  The planned amount acquisition unit 111 sets at least one of the logging phase, the drying phase, the chipping phase, the transport phase, the storage phase, the combustion phase, and the ash treatment phase as the target phase, and the planned amount of wood processed in this target phase To get. For example, the value input by the user or the estimated amount of the previous phase is acquired as the scheduled amount for the next phase.

  The equipment information acquisition unit 112 acquires equipment information indicating the type and cost of equipment used for the implementation of each phase. For example, information on the equipment necessary for processing the scheduled amount is read out from the equipment table 121 storing the equipment used in each phase and the cost of the equipment. In addition, when a some equipment can be used selectively, it is good also as acquiring the information of the equipment selected by the user.

  The human resource information acquisition unit 113 acquires human resource information indicating the number of persons involved in the execution of the target phase and the personnel costs of the persons involved in the execution. For example, information on the number of persons and the labor cost necessary for processing the scheduled amount is read out from the personnel table 122 storing the number of persons necessary for the execution of the target phase and the personnel cost of the person involved in the implementation. In addition, information on the number of persons and labor costs necessary for this processing may be input by the user.

  The variation factor accepting unit 114 accepts an input of a variation factor in each process of the target phase. For example, a list of fluctuation factors is read out from the fluctuation table 124 storing the fluctuation factors of each phase and displayed as a list, and the user inputs the fluctuation factors such as the moving distance, the way of stacking wood, and the tree species.

  The processing coefficient determination unit 115 determines a processing coefficient based on the predetermined function or the coefficient table 123 according to the input value of the variation factor.

  The cost calculation unit 116 obtains an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is performed with the equipment and the number of people for the planned amount of wood, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost Is multiplied by the processing coefficient, and the cost (cost) per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase is calculated based on the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost.

  The conversion part 117 calculates | requires the calorie | heat amount at the time of burning the said estimated amount of timber, and converts the expense per said estimated amount into the cost per cost (expense).

  The output control unit 118 outputs the cost per estimated amount and the cost per heat amount as simulation results.

The improvement proposing unit 119 compares the cost per estimated amount with the cost per recommended amount, and notifies the recommended value of the variation factor as an improvement proposal when the cost per recommended amount is low.

<Hardware configuration>
FIG. 3 is an apparatus configuration diagram illustrating an example of a computer. The woody biomass fuel management system 110 of this embodiment is a computer as shown in FIG. 3, for example. A computer 1000 shown in FIG. 3 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 1001 and a main storage device 100.
2, an auxiliary storage device (external storage device) 1003, a communication IF (Interface) 1004, an input / output IF (Interface) 1005, a drive device 1006, and a communication bus 1007.
The CPU 1001 performs processing and the like according to this embodiment by executing a program. The main storage device 1002 caches programs and data read by the CPU 1001 and develops a work area of the CPU. Specifically, the main storage device is a RAM (Random
Access Memory) and ROM (Read Only Memory). The auxiliary storage device 1003 stores programs executed by the CPU 1001, position information, and the like. Specifically, the auxiliary storage device 1003 is an HDD (Hard-disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), an eMMC (embedded Multi-Media Card (trademark)), a flash memory, or the like. The main storage device 1002 or the auxiliary storage device 1003 stores an equipment table 121, a human resource table 122, a coefficient table 123, and a variation table 124. The communication IF 1004 transmits / receives data to / from other computers. The information processing apparatus 1 is connected to the network 2 via the communication IF 1004. The communication IF 1004 is specifically a wired or wireless network card or the like. The input / output IF 1005 is connected to the input / output device and accepts input from the user or outputs information to the user. Specifically, the input / output device is a keyboard, a mouse, a display, a touch panel, or the like. The drive device 1006 reads data recorded on a storage medium such as a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, and an optical disk, and writes data to the storage medium. The above components are connected by a communication bus 1007. A plurality of these components may be provided, or some of the components (for example, the drive device 1006) may not be provided. Further, the input / output device may be integrated with the computer. In addition, the program executed in this embodiment is provided via a portable storage medium readable by the drive device 1006, a portable auxiliary storage device 1003 such as a flash memory, a communication IF 1004, and the like. It may be. Then, when the CPU 1001 executes the program, the computer as shown in FIG. 3 is operated as the woody biomass fuel management system shown in FIG.

<Wood biomass fuel management method>
Next, a woody biomass fuel management method executed by the woody biomass fuel management system 110, which is a computer, according to an application program will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a process for calculating the cost in each phase, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a process for calculating the estimated amount of the process from the estimated amount of the process in each phase, and FIGS. It is explanatory drawing which shows the whole flow of the fuel management method.

  First, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 acquires a predetermined amount (acceptance amount) of wood to be processed in the phase (step S10). This scheduled amount may be input by the user based on a business plan or the like, or an estimated value (output amount) of wood processing in the preceding phase may be acquired as the scheduled amount of the phase. For example, the estimated amount of timber to be cut in the cutting phase may be set as the planned amount for the next drying phase.

Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 acquires facility information indicating the type and cost (equipment cost) of the facility used for the implementation of the phase (step S20). For example, the types of equipment used for carrying out the drying phase include trucks, grapples, gimlet drills, forwarders and the like. Equipment costs include depreciation costs, lease costs, power costs (fuel costs / electricity costs), maintenance costs, and the like.

In addition, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 refers to the human resource table 122 and acquires human resource information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the phase and the personnel expenses of the persons involved in the implementation (step S30). For example, in the logging phase, it is read from the human resource table 122 that the daily processing amount per person is 20 m ³ , so if the scheduled daily amount is 60 m ³ ,
It is acquired that three people are required to implement the logging phase. Further, the labor cost may be obtained by obtaining an average labor cost of a person engaged in the work and multiplying by the number of persons, or may be input by a user.

  Furthermore, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 receives an input of a variation factor in each step of the phase (step S40). For example, in the drying phase, the fluctuation factors such as the distance from the drying place to the chipper, whether or not skinning is necessary, whether well-shaped or berthed are read out from the fluctuation table 124 and displayed in a list. Prompt the user to enter a value. Then, the value of the variation factor input by the user is stored in the main storage device 1002 or the auxiliary storage device 1003.

  Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 determines a processing coefficient based on the predetermined function or the coefficient table 123 according to the input value of the variation factor (step S50). For example, in the drying phase, the input value of the distance from the drying place to the chipper is 1.1 if it is 120 m or more, 1.3 if the raw wood needs to be peeled, 0.8 if it is a pallet The processing coefficient is determined.

Moreover, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 calculates | requires the estimated amount of the timber which can be processed when the said target phase is implemented with the said installation and the number of people about the predetermined amount of timber (step S60). For example, based on the equipment table 121 and the human resource table 122, the processing amount of wood that can be processed by the equipment and the number of people is set as the estimated amount. In the chip conversion phase, since chips are produced from the raw wood, the estimated amount acquired as the processing amount of the raw wood is converted into an estimated amount as the amount of chips. In the combustion phase, since thermal energy and ash are produced from the chip, the estimated amount acquired as the processing amount of the raw wood is converted into an estimated amount as the amount of heat and ash. In addition, since the form of the timber does not change after the logging phase and the conveyance phase, the planned amount may be used as the estimated amount as it is.
The woody biomass fuel management system 110 corrects the estimated amount, the personnel cost, and the facility cost by multiplying at least one of the estimated amount, the personnel cost, and the facility cost by the processing coefficient, and corrects the estimated amount, the personnel cost, and the facility cost after the correction. Based on this, the cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase is calculated (step S70).

  Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 obtains the amount of heat related to the burning of the estimated amount of wood, and converts the cost per estimated amount into the cost per amount of heat (step S80). For example, in the logging phase, the drying phase, the chipping phase, the transport phase, the storage phase, and the combustion phase, the amount of heat obtained when the wood to be processed is burned, that is, the amount of heat obtained in the combustion phase, is used to reduce the cost per estimated amount. Converted to the cost per heat quantity. In the ash treatment phase, the cost per estimated quantity is converted into the cost per quantity of heat based on the amount of heat obtained at the time of combustion of the wood that is the source of ash, that is, the amount of heat obtained in the combustion phase.

  In the process of FIG. 4, the process for obtaining the estimated amount from the estimated amount of wood processing in each phase is shown. However, as shown in FIG. 5, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 calculates the estimated amount from the estimated amount of wood processing. You may perform the reverse calculation process.

  First, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 acquires an estimated amount of wood to be processed in the phase (step S10B). This estimated amount may be input by a user based on a business plan or the like, or a scheduled value for wood processing in a later phase may be acquired as an estimated amount of the phase. For example, the planned amount of wood to be dried in the drying phase may be acquired as the estimated amount of the preceding logging phase.

  Further, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 obtains facility information (step S20), obtains human resource information (step S30), receives an input of a variation factor (step S40), and determines a processing coefficient (step S50). In addition, since these steps S20 to S50 are the same as the processing of FIG.

  Then, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 corrects the estimated amount with the processing coefficient, and back-calculates the estimated amount of the phase from the corrected estimated amount (step S60B). For example, in the chip conversion phase, since chips are produced from the raw wood, the estimated amount acquired as the amount of chips is corrected with the processing coefficient, and the corrected estimated amount is converted into a planned amount as the processing amount of the raw wood. In the combustion phase, since thermal energy and ash are produced from the chip, correction is performed using the estimated amount processing coefficient acquired as the amount of heat, and the corrected estimated amount is converted into a planned amount as the amount of raw wood. In addition, since the form of the timber does not change after the logging phase and the conveyance phase, the estimated amount may be used as the planned amount as it is.

  Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 calculates the cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the facility cost (step S70B).

  Moreover, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 calculates | requires the calorie | heat amount which concerns on the combustion of the said estimated amount wood similarly to FIG. 4, and converts the cost per said estimated amount into the cost per said calorie | heat amount (step S80).

  Thus, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 performs the process of FIG. 4 or FIG. 5 for each phase. In the example of FIG. 6, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 first performs a logging phase process (step S110). That is, the process of FIG. 4 is performed with the target phase as the logging phase. In the logging phase, for example, the planned amount of timber to be logged is input based on the operation plan created in the operation plan phase, and as described above, the estimated amount of wood treatment and the amount of heat Calculate the cost of

  Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 obtains the estimated amount obtained in the logging phase (previous phase) as the planned amount in the drying phase (later phase), and the number of people, equipment, and variable factors for work as described above. The estimated amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated based on (Step S120). Similarly, the estimated amount obtained in the previous phase is acquired as the planned amount for the subsequent phase, and the estimated amount of wood treatment and the amount of heat per each of the chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase are obtained. Is calculated (steps S130 to S170).

Then, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 checks the consistency of each phase based on the human resource information and facility information obtained in each phase, the estimated amount of wood processing, the cost per heat amount, and the like (step S180). For example, when there is a phase in which the processing amount based on the human resource information and the facility information is smaller than the estimated amount acquired as the scheduled amount by a predetermined value or more, it is determined that the phase is a bottleneck. Further, when there is a phase in which the processing amount based on the human resource information and the facility information is larger than the estimated amount acquired as the scheduled amount by a predetermined value or more, it is determined that the number of personnel or equipment in the phase is excessive. Furthermore, when the cost per heat quantity of each phase exceeds a threshold value determined for each phase, it is determined that the cost of the phase is too high. Further, when the ratio of the cost per heat quantity of each phase to the ideal value determined for each phase is larger than a predetermined value, it is determined that the profitability of the phase is bad.

  The woody biomass fuel management system 110 outputs the consistency check result (determination result), that is, the simulation result from the logging phase to the ash treatment phase (step S190). In this example, the result output may be display output to a display device, print output to a print medium, audio output, transmission to another device, recording to a recording medium, or the like.

  Thereby, resource allocation and profitability of each phase can be confirmed. In the example of FIG. 6, the simulation is performed based on the logging phase, but the simulation may be performed based on another phase.

  For example, FIG. 7 shows an example in which a simulation is performed based on the chipping phase. When the chip conversion phase is used as a reference, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 first inputs the planned amount of wood to be converted into chips with the target phase as the chip conversion phase as shown in FIG. The estimated amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated based on the number of people, equipment, and fluctuation factors (step S130). Similarly, the estimated amount obtained in the previous phase is acquired as the planned amount in the subsequent phase, and the estimated amount of wood treatment and the cost per calorie for each of the transportation phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase. Is calculated (steps S140 to S170).

  Further, for the phase preceding the reference phase (chip generation phase), the estimated amount of the chip conversion phase (following phase) is acquired as the estimated amount of the drying phase (previous phase), and the processing of FIG. Then, as described above, the planned amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated based on the number of persons involved in the work, the equipment, and the fluctuation factors (step S120). Similarly, the estimated amount obtained in the subsequent phase is acquired as the estimated amount of the preceding phase (the logging phase), and the estimated amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated (step S110).

  Then, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 checks the consistency of each phase based on the human resource information and facility information obtained in each phase, the estimated amount of wood processing, the cost per heat quantity, etc. (step S180), The result is output (step S190).

  Similarly, FIG. 8 is an example in which a simulation is performed based on the combustion phase. When the combustion phase is used as a reference, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 first inputs a predetermined amount of wood (chips) to be burned with the target phase as the combustion phase, as shown in FIG. The estimated amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated based on the number of people, equipment, and fluctuation factors (step S160). Similarly, the estimated amount obtained in the preceding phase (combustion phase) is acquired as the scheduled amount in the subsequent phase (ash treatment phase), and the estimated amount of wood processing and the cost per heat amount are calculated (step S170). .

Further, for the phase preceding the reference phase (for example, the combustion phase), the estimated amount of the combustion phase (the latter phase) is acquired as the estimated amount of the storage phase (the previous phase), and the processing of FIG. In the same manner, the estimated amount obtained in the latter phase is obtained as the estimated amount in the previous phase, and the estimated amount of wood treatment and the cost per calorie for each of the transportation phase, chipping phase, drying phase, and logging phase Is calculated (steps S140 to S110).

  Then, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 checks the consistency of each phase based on the human resource information and facility information obtained in each phase, the estimated amount of wood processing, the cost per heat quantity, etc. (step S180), The result is output (step S190).

  As described above, the subsequent phase is sequentially processed in the process of FIG. 4 and the previous phase is sequentially processed in the process of FIG. 5, so that the simulation can be performed based on any phase.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the quality management process. The woody biomass fuel management system 110 first reads out the current data, for example, the cost per heat quantity of each phase obtained in FIGS. 6 to 8, human resource information, facility information, and variation factors (step S210).

  Next, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 reads the recommended value of the fluctuation factor from the fluctuation table 124 (step S220), and calculates the cost per heat quantity by replacing the fluctuation factor of the current data with the recommended value (step S230). That is, with the current personnel and equipment, the cost per calorific value is obtained with the variation factors as recommended values.

  Then, the cost per heat quantity based on the recommended value obtained in step S230 is compared with the cost of the current data (step S240), and the cost per heat quantity based on the recommended value is low, that is, the cost can be reduced by the recommended value (step). (S250, Yes), the recommended value of the variation factor is output as an improvement proposal and notified to the user (step S260). If the cost cannot be reduced by the recommended value (No at step S250), the process is terminated.

  At present, if the bark of the coniferous forest mixed into the chip is not peeled and is about 20%, the bark contamination is reduced to 5% or less by removing the bark. Although the quality can be improved and the disposal cost of incineration ash can be expected to decrease, the effort to peel off will increase. For this reason, if there is a margin in the processing capacity based on personnel and equipment, the cost can be reduced by reducing the disposal cost of incineration ash even if the labor for peeling is increased, but the capacity is not sufficient If so, there is a high possibility that the production volume will decrease due to the time and effort required for peeling, or the number of personnel will need to be increased, and the cost will not be reduced. As described above, whether or not the cost can be reduced varies depending on the situation. Therefore, the processing of FIG. 9 is periodically executed and an improvement plan is output. In the example of FIG. 9, the improvement proposal is notified only when the cost can be reduced. As a result, output of unnecessary improvement proposals is eliminated and management can be performed appropriately.

<Details of phase>
《Operation planning phase》
The operation planning phase is a phase in which the situation of the forest is grasped, an operation plan is made, and a road network is prepared according to the forest condition and the operation plan.

  The operation method of this embodiment is not thinning (a method of selecting a tree to be cut and cutting the selected wood sparsely), but row thinning / ring thinning. Therefore, the forest conditions grasped here are road network density, slope, topography, geology, weather, and tree form. Based on this information, make an operation plan suitable for the forest condition, and create a road network if necessary.

  The road network is divided into forest roads, forestry roads, and forest work roads, for example. Forest roads are permanent public facilities that are used by an unspecified number of people, and serve as a trunk line for forest maintenance and timber production.

Forestry roads, which are included in forest roads, are permanent public facilities that are mainly used by specific persons for forest operations, supplementing the main forest roads and combining them with forest work roads. It is a road to be used for. In addition, forestry roads have the minimum standards and structures that correspond to the transport capacity of ordinary vehicles (trucks of about 10 tons) and forestry vehicles (large wheel type forwarders, etc.). It strengthens and supplements the functions of the entire road network.

  Forest work roads are used by specific persons for forest operations, and are mainly intended to run forestry machines (including trucks with a capacity of 2 tons). It is a road that requires a higher-density arrangement for gathering, etc., and when constructing, it is particularly required to have a simple structure at the top while ensuring economic efficiency in conjunction with the thinning business etc. It is what

  Therefore, the road corresponding to the road network constructed at the time of operation is a forestry road and a forest work road.

  FIG. 10 is an example of a human resource table showing work items related to the operation plan phase.

For example, the cost of status grasping → operation plan → execution instruction is 130,000 yen / year, and the amount of wood processed by this plan is 15,000 m ³ / year, so the cost per wood treatment amount is 130,000 yen / 15,000 m ³ = 8.67 yen / m ³ .

  The cost for constructing a forestry road (width 3m) is 15,000 yen / m, and the cost for constructing a forest work road (width 2.5m) is 1,500 yen / m.

《Falling Phase》
The logging phase is a phase in which standing trees are felled, put on a forest road, pruned, and chopped. In addition, this embodiment shows the example predicated on the fuel material.

Standing tree species can be classified into conifers and broadleaf trees, but the ideal tree species is broadleaf trees. The specific gravity of the tree when viewed in the broad-leaved forest is 0.6. Hardwood immediately after logging 1.1ton per 1m ³
It is about. The breakdown is as follows: wood part: 0.6, moisture: 0.5. Therefore, the moisture content of broad-leaved trees immediately after logging is 45.45% -Wb (wet moisture content), and the lower calorific value is 1704.16 kcal / kg * = 7.12 MJ / kg. From the National Wood Chip Industry Federation “Report on Wood Chip and Other Raw Material Conversion Business Survey and Analysis Business Report”, low calorific value calculation formula: −55.75 × moisture ratio (%) + 4238 kcal / kg. 1kcal = 0.004184MJ
Therefore, the ideal lower heating value in the logging phase is
7.12MJ / kg = 7120MJ / ton (moisture ratio 45.45%)
Since this is 1.1 tons per 1 m ³ , 7832MJ / 1.1ton = 7831MJ / m ³ is obtained.

  FIG. 11 is an example of a variation table showing the variation factors related to the logging conditions. Sugi has a coefficient of 0.47, and Hinoki has a coefficient of 0.62. In addition, cedar multiplies the coefficient (0.47) by 0.75 when the cutting season is summer (May to August).

Cedar, 1m ³ per 0.8ton, breakdown of the wood part: 0.35ton, moisture: 0.45ton because moisture ratio 56.25%. The amount of heat is 1102 kcal / kg = 4.6 MJ / kg. Since 0.8 tons per 1 m ³
3680MJ / 0.8, 8ton = 3680MJ / m ³ ,
3680MJ / m ³ ÷ 7,831MJ / m ³ ≒ 0.47.

Cypress, 1m ³ per 0.8ton, breakdown of the wood part: 0.4ton, moisture: 0.4ton because 50%
. This amount of heat is
144.5 kcal / kg = 6.07 MJ / kg. Since 0.8 ton per 1 m ³ , 4856MJ / 0.8ton = 4856MJ / m ³ .

Therefore, 4856MJ / m ³ ÷ 7831MJ / m ³ = 0.62
In the case of cedar, there is a possibility that there is a difference of about 150% compared to logging in the summer: 120% -db compared to logging in the summer.

In terms of moisture ratio, they are 54.54% and 60%, respectively, and the difference is 5.46%. The lower calorific values at this moisture ratio are 117.4 kcal / kg = 5 MJ / kg and 893 MJ / kg = 3.73 MJ / kg, respectively.
For this reason, the logging in summer should be 5 ÷ 3.73 ≒ 0.75.

When the count in FIG. 11 is L, the amount of heat is, for example,
L * is a 8,368MJ / m ^3.

In addition, the optimal work process (operation method) in the logging phase varies depending on the slope of the mountain and the condition of the road network.
For example, if the slope is 25 ° or less and the total road network density is 75 m / ha or more, for example, forest road 15-20 m / ha, forestry road 10-30 m / ha, forest work road 50-200 m / ha, vehicle The method of operation using

  FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to a logging phase using a vehicle. Because the harvester has a facility price of 10 million yen and a depreciation period of 6 years and is used for 3 processes, the annual cost of 1 process is 10 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation ÷ 3 = 55.56 million yen / year It becomes.

  For the forwarder, if the equipment price is 4 million yen and the amortization period is 6 years, the annual cost will be 4 million yen ÷ 6 years amortization = 66.670 million yen / year.

  The harvester fuel cost is 70L / day, fuel cost is 100 yen / L, and the annual working days are 250 days, so 70L / day x 100 yen / L x 250 working days / year = 1.75 million Yen / year.

  In addition, the fuel cost of the forwarder is 30L / day, the fuel cost is 100 yen / L, and the annual working days are 250 days, so 30L / day x 100 yen / L x 250 working days / year = 750,000 yen / year.

Then, dividing the annual total of equipment costs and equipment fuel costs (hereinafter also referred to simply as equipment costs) by the number of days of equipment operation, time, and wood processing amount,
483.33 yen / 250 days / year / 7h / day / 8.57m ³ /h=322.27 yen / m ³

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to a logging phase using a vehicle. In the example of FIG. 13, there are two people, one person in the process of cutting, pruning, and cutting the ball, and one person in the process of timbering. The labor cost for this operator is 380,000 yen x 12 months = 4.56 million yen / year, so the labor cost for felling, pruning, and chopping is 1.52 million yen / year, and the labor cost for tree gathering is 456 10,000 yen / year.

Dividing this annual labor cost by the number of working days, hours, and the amount of wood processed per hour,
9,120,000 yen / year ÷ 250 days / year ÷ 7h / day it becomes ÷ 8.57m3 / h = 608.10 yen / m ^3.

And the equipment cost chip cost meter and the personnel cost / other management cost chip cost meter are
322.27 yen / m ³ +608.10 yen / m ³ = 930.37 yen / m ³ .

  14 is a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment, FIG. 15 is a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources, and FIG. 16 is an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to rain / snow conditions. is there. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the cutting, pruning, and ball cutting processes have coefficients set according to the swell of wood and the topography. In addition, a coefficient is set according to the road network density and the slope in the process of tree gathering. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16, the coefficient is set also in the case of a heavy snow region or a heavy rain region.

As shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 16, the equipment information symbols are A to D, the personnel information symbols are a to d, the fluctuation factor symbols for the equipment are MP, and the fluctuation factor symbols for the personnel are m p, When Q and R are the symbols of the fluctuation factors related to heavy snow and heavy rain areas,
Logging phase cost = ((MA + ma) + (NB + nb) + (OC + oc) + (PD + pd)) x QR
Can be shown.

  In the logging phase, the slope exceeds 25 °, and the total road network density is 75 m / ha or less, for example, forest roads 5-20 m / ha, forestry roads 20 m / ha or less, forest work roads 35 m / ha or less. In this case, the operation method using an overhead wire is used.

  FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to a logging phase using overhead lines. Taneso has an equipment price of 150,000 yen and a depreciation period of 2 years. When used for 2 processes, the annual cost is 150,000 yen ÷ 2 years of depreciation ÷ 2 = 375,000 yen / year. In this case, the annual cost is 150,000 yen ÷ 2 years of depreciation = 75,000 yen / year.

  In addition, the tower price is 20 million yen, the depreciation period is 6 years, and it is used for two processes, so the annual cost is 20 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation ÷ 2 = 16.666 million yen / year .

The fuel cost of the chainsaw is 1L per day, fuel cost is 100 yen / L, and the annual working days are 250 days, 2 units, so 1L / day x 100 yen / L x 250 working days x 2 Unit / year = 50,000 yen / year.

  The fuel cost of Tower Yada is 100L / day, fuel cost is 100 yen / L, and the annual working days are 250 days, so 100L / day x 100 yen / L x 250 working days / year = 2.5 million yen / year.

Then, dividing the annual total of equipment costs and equipment fuel costs (hereinafter also referred to simply as equipment costs) by the number of days of equipment operation, time, and wood processing amount,
603.33 million yen ÷ 250 days / year ÷ 7h / day ÷ 8.57m ³ / h = 402.29 yen / m ³ .

  FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to a logging phase using an overhead line. In the example of FIG. 18, there are three persons: one person in the cutting and debriding process, one person in the binding process, and one person in the wooden grouping and ball cutting process. The labor cost for one operator is 380,000 yen x 12 months = 4.56 million yen / year, so the labor cost for felling and debating is 2.28 million yen / year, and the labor cost for binding is 4.56 million yen / Year, wooden gathering and ball cutting labor costs are 4.56 million yen / year.

Dividing this annual labor cost by the number of working days, hours, and the amount of wood processed per hour,
13.68 million yen / year ÷ 250 days / year ÷ 7h / day ÷ 8.57m ³ / h = 912.15 yen / m ³

And the equipment cost chip cost meter and the personnel cost / other management cost chip cost meter are
402.29 yen / m ³ +912.15 yen / m ³ = 1314.14 yen / m ³

Therefore, if the amount of heat obtained when the raw wood 1m ³ is dried under the recommended conditions (ideal value), converted into chips and burned is 9,658 MJ / m ³ , the cost per unit of heat in the logging phase (expense) is 1314. .14 yen / 9,658 MJ.

  FIG. 19 is a variation table showing variation factors relating to equipment, FIG. 20 is a variation table showing variation factors relating to human resources, and FIG. 21 is a variation table showing variation factors relating to rainfall / snow coverage conditions and topography. It is an example. As shown in FIG. 19, as a variation factor of the facility information, a coefficient is set for the tree gathering process according to the inclination and the topography. Further, as shown in FIG. 20, as the fluctuation factors of the human resource information, coefficients are set for the logging process according to the inclination, the swell of wood, and the topography. In addition, a coefficient is set according to the thickness of the branch for the debranching process. Furthermore, coefficients are set in accordance with the swell of the wood and the like for the wood gathering process and the ball cutting process. Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the coefficient is set in the case of a heavy snow region, a heavy rain region, or when the topography is uneven.

As shown in FIGS. 17 to 21, equipment information symbols A ′ to E ′, personnel information symbols a ′ to e ′, variable factor symbols M ′ to Q ′, and personnel variation The symbol of the factor is m ′ to q
When the symbol of the fluctuation factor related to the heavy snow region and heavy rain region is r 'to t',
Logging phase cost = ((M'A '+ m'a') + (N'B '+ n'b') + (O'C '+ o'c') + (P'D '+ p'd') + (Q′E ′ + q′e ′) × r′s′t ′.

《Drying phase》
The drying phase is a phase from loading the wood gathered to the forest road in the logging phase, transporting it to the drying place, and putting the dried wood into the chipper.

  FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of an equipment information table related to the drying phase, and FIG. 23 is a diagram showing an example of a human resource information table related to the drying phase. As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the drying phase includes a process of transporting from a forest road to a dry place, a process of lowering the transported balls (cut timber) to a dry ground, and a process of stripping bark (in the case of broadleaf trees). No.), a process of selecting the diameter of the balls, a process of stacking the balls, a process of drying, and a process of breaking the stack and moving to the chipper.

  First, in the logging phase, the balls gathered on the side of the forest road, etc. are loaded onto a truck or forwarder and transported to a dry place. Then take it down from the truck or forwarder to the drying area. For example, the truck's loading platform is tilted down or it is lowered with a grapple. The process of transporting from the forest road to the dry place and the process of lowering the transported balls to the dry ground are carried out by one person.

  Next, a step of peeling the bark is performed if necessary, but this step is omitted in principle. For example, in the case of a broad-leaved tree, there is no need to peel the bark, so this step is omitted by setting the target of cutting as a broad-leaved tree. That is, when conifers are cut down or when conifers are mixed in a predetermined amount or more, a process of facing the bark may be performed. This process is done alone.

  Further, the diameter of the ball is selected, and if the diameter is not less than a predetermined value, for example, 20 cm or more, it is divided in half, that is, in the vertical direction. Next, the balls are piled up in a well or stacked. In the case of well-shaped stacking, work efficiency is deteriorated because the stacking is performed while changing the longitudinal direction of the balls, as compared to stacking.

  And after making it dry for several months, it moves to a chipper using a grapple or a forwarder.

  FIG. 24 is a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment, and FIG. 25 is a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources.

  As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, as a variation factor, a coefficient is set according to the distance for the transporting process to the drying place. That is, the coefficient is set so that the cost is higher if the transport distance is longer and the cost is lower if the transport distance is shorter.

  Moreover, in the process of lowering the balls, a coefficient is set according to how to lower the ball, and the coefficient is reduced when the bed is inclined with the grapple as the reference (1.0).

  In the process of peeling the bark, a coefficient is set according to whether or not the bark is peeled off. The coefficient when the bark is not peeled is set to 1.0, and when the bark is peeled off, the coefficient is increased. In the step of selecting the diameter of the ball, a coefficient is set according to the diameter, and the coefficient is increased when the diameter is large.

  In the process of stacking balls, a coefficient is set according to how the balls are stacked, the well-shaped stacking is set as a reference (1.0), and the coefficient is reduced if the stacking is performed. In the drying process, a coefficient is set according to the degree of ventilation. If the ventilation is bad, the coefficient is increased. If the ground is concrete or asphalt, the coefficient is decreased. In the process of moving to the chipper, the coefficient is set according to the distance, and the coefficient is small when the moving distance is short, and the coefficient is large when the moving distance is long.

FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to the drying phase. For trucks, if the equipment price is 10 million yen and the depreciation period is 5 years, the annual cost will be 10 million yen / depreciation 5 years = 2 million yen /
It will be a year.
The grapple that takes the ball to the ground in the process (2) has an equipment price of 15 million yen and a depreciation period of 6 years, so the annual cost is 15 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 2.5 million yen / year. The grapple that performs the process (5) and the process (7) has an equipment price of 15 million yen and a depreciation period of 6 years, so the annual cost is 15 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation ÷ 2 processes = 1.25 million yen / year.

  The peeler has an equipment price of 9.36 million yen and a depreciation period of 3 years, so the annual cost is 9.36 million yen ÷ 3 years of depreciation = 31.2 million yen / year.

  Since the equipment price is 1.24 million yen and the depreciation period is 2 years, the annual cost is 1.24 million yen ÷ 2 years of depreciation = 620,000 yen / year.

  The fuel cost of this truck is 750,000 yen / year, and the fuel cost of grapples, peelers, and gimlet drills is 1.1 million yen / year.

Then, dividing the annual total of equipment costs and equipment fuel costs (hereinafter also referred to simply as equipment costs) by the number of days of equipment operation, time, and wood processing amount,
(Equipment cost: 7.62 million yen / year + fuel cost: 5.15 million yen / year) ÷ 15000 m ³ = 851 yen / m ³ In this example, the peeler is excluded from the equipment.

  Moreover, in the drying phase of this embodiment, the number of workers is two, and the labor cost is 380,000 yen × 12 months × 2 persons = 9.12 million yen / year.

Dividing this annual labor cost by the number of working days, hours, and the amount of wood processed per hour,
9.12 million yen / year ÷ 250 days / year ÷ 7h / day ÷ 8.57m ³ / h = 608.10 yen / m ³

Therefore, when the cost of the drying phase is calculated under ideal conditions, it is 851 yen / m ³ +608.10.
Yen / m ³ = 1459.1 yen / m ³ Further, as shown in FIGS. 22 to 25, the symbols of equipment information are A to D, the symbols of human resources information are a to d, the symbols of variation factors related to facilities are MP, and the symbols of variation factors related to human resources are m to p, when Q and R are the symbols of the fluctuation factors related to heavy snow areas and heavy rain areas,
Cost of drying phase = (L2A2 + l2a2) + (M2B2 + m2b2) + (N2C2 + n2c2) + (O2D2 + o
2d2) + (P2E2 + p2e2) + (Q2F2 + q2f2) + (R2G2 + r2g2).

When the amount of heat obtained when the dried raw wood 1 m ³ is chipped under the recommended conditions (ideal value) and burned is 9,658 MJ / m ³ , the cost (expense) per heat amount in the drying phase is 1459.1. Yen / 9,658 MJ.

《Chip phase》
The chip conversion phase is a phase in which dried wood is converted into chips. In the chip making phase, the dry state of the raw wood dried in the drying field is estimated, and the dry state is determined and transported to the chipper to make chips. The confirmation of the dry state is based on, for example, the AMeDAS data national average sunshine rate, temperature, humidity, and precipitation.

  Moreover, since the atmospheric pressure decreases (the air becomes thinner) when the altitude of the drying field increases, it is considered that drying at a high altitude is fast.

Therefore, the drying parameter is the following information.
・ Sunlight rate (daylight rate)
・ Visible time ・ Temperature ・ Humidity ・ Precipitation ・ Altitude As the data, in addition to calculating the prediction formula by directly substituting the AMeDAS data closest to the dry field, the actual above data is also measured periodically You may calculate dryness.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram of parameters for obtaining the dry quality. In FIG. 26, the degree of sunlight is a value indicating the degree of sunshine such as 100% shade, 50% shade, and 25% shade of the total sunshine hours. As the degree of sunlight, a sunshine rate, a visible time, or the like may be used. In addition, the degree of sunlight may be measured by measuring the sunshine duration by arranging a sensor such as an illuminometer or a sunshine meter in a dry place.

  The temperature is the average temperature of the dry field obtained from the national average temperature. For example, when the temperature of the dry field is measured periodically, the correlation with the national average is obtained, and the national average temperature is obtained, the average temperature of the dry field is calculated based on the correlation from the national average temperature. Is estimated.

  Similarly, the humidity is the average humidity of the dry field obtained from the national average humidity. For example, by periodically measuring the humidity of the dry field, obtaining a correlation with the national average, and obtaining the national average humidity, the average humidity of the dry field is estimated based on the national average humidity .

  Moreover, precipitation is the precipitation of the said dry field calculated | required from the national average precipitation. For example, when the precipitation in the dry field is measured regularly, the correlation with the national average is obtained, and the national average precipitation is obtained, the average precipitation of the precipitation is calculated based on the national average precipitation. Estimate the amount. If there is a large amount of precipitation and there is a possibility of affecting drying, a rain-preventing sheet may be placed on the upper surface of the wood stacked in the dry field. Furthermore, the altitude is the altitude of the dry field.

And using these parameters, dry quality is calculated | required like Formula 1. FIG.
Drying quality = ∫ (degree of sunlight, temperature, humidity, precipitation, altitude) x tree species specific gravity x end diameter (half-divided if half-divided) x ball length (longitudinal length of wood) ... ( Formula 1)
For example, with respect to a pile of wood (Tamayama) piled up in a drying field, the dry quality is confirmed based on Equation 1, and it is determined as a Tamayama to be chipped when the dry quality exceeds a predetermined value.

The presence or absence of bark (bark) is calculated as follows.
Tip weight bark ratio None 1.0
Less than 5% 0.95
5-10% 0.9
10-20% 0.8
20% or more NG
Obtained by multiplying the dryness quality.

  Next, the ball is lifted from the ball to be chipped with a grapple, placed on a belt conveyor, and carried to the vicinity of the chipper building by the belt conveyor.

  In addition, the balls carried on the belt conveyor are thrown into the chipper with a grapple, and chips are produced with the chipper.

  The chipper puts the produced chips directly into the transport truck or puts them into the chip storage.

  FIG. 27 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table relating to the chipping phase. For grapples, if the equipment price is 15 million yen and the depreciation period is 6 years, the annual cost will be 15 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 2.5 million yen / year. The fuel cost of this grapple is 1.1 million yen / year.

  In addition, assuming that the equipment price is 30 million yen and the depreciation period is 6 years, the annual cost is 30 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 5 million yen / year. The fuel cost of this chipper is 450,000 yen / year.

  Assuming that the belt conveyor has an equipment price of 15 million yen and a depreciation period of 6 years, the annual cost will be 15 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 2.5 million yen / year. The power cost (electricity charge) of this belt conveyor is 300,000 yen / year.

  If the building has a facility price of 15 million yen and a depreciation period of 15 years, the annual cost will be 15 million yen ÷ 15 years of depreciation = 1 million yen / year.

  FIG. 28 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to the chipping phase. In the example of FIG. 28, there are a total of two people, one person in the process of selecting a ball mountain and placing the balls on the belt conveyor, one person in the chipper, chip production, and loading / storage processes. The labor cost for one operator is 380,000 yen × 12 months = 4.56 million yen / year, so the labor cost in the chip-forming phase is 9.12 million yen / year.

Dividing the annual total of personnel and equipment costs by the amount of chips produced,
It becomes (13.5 million yen / year Tasu295 yen / year Tasu912 yen / year) ÷ 41650m ³ = 613.9 yen / chip m ^3.

Therefore, when the amount of heat obtained when this chip 1m ³ is burned under the recommended conditions (ideal value) is 3,715 MJ / m ³ , the cost per unit of heat (cost) in the chipping phase is 613.9 yen / 3,715 MJ. Become.

FIG. 29 is a variation table showing variation factors related to equipment, and FIG. 30 is a variation table showing variation factors related to human resources.

  As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, as a variation factor, a coefficient is set according to the swell of wood for the process of putting balls on a belt conveyor and the process of putting balls into a chipper. That is, if there are many undulations, the grapple will reduce the efficiency when it is put on the belt conveyor or when it is put into the chipper, so the coefficient is set so as to increase the cost.

  FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating an example of a variation table related to the weather. In FIG. 31, coefficients are set according to the degree of rain and snowfall.

  It is ideal that the chip forming operation is performed on a sunny or cloudy day so that the wood is not wet during transportation. However, when operating in rainy weather due to inventory conditions, etc., the coefficient of variation is multiplied by a coefficient.

  Further, in the chip formation phase, as shown in FIG. 32, the amount of heat after the chip formation is obtained to manage the chip quality.

  First, the amount of heat Qa per chip weight in the raw wood state in the drying phase is input (step S301), and the coefficient is input from the weather coefficient table K1 and the weather data d1 during the chip work and calculated as in equation 2 (step S302). ) The amount of heat Qb per chip volume after chip formation is obtained (step S303).

Qb = Qa × (K1 × d1) (Formula 2)
Here, the weather data d1 is set to 1 when there is rainfall or snowfall, and is set to 0 in other cases.

In the weather coefficient table K1, coefficients are set according to the degree of rain as follows. Heavy rain (rainfall 10mm / h or more) = coefficient 0.9
Light rain (rainfall less than 10mm / h) = coefficient 0.95
The coefficients of the weather coefficient table K1 and the weather data d1 are examples, and are not limited to these values.

《Transport phase》
The transport phase is a phase from loading chips to a transport truck, transporting them to a chip silo, and putting them into the chip silo.

  In the transport phase, first, the loading method is determined from the weather on the work day and the arrival status of the truck, and the loading amount is calculated according to the type of truck that can be used, the type of the chip silo at the destination, and the like. In addition, when the chip silo of a carrying-in destination is a ground type, a lift dump is used in order to lift a chip | tip to an insertion port.

  When the chips are loaded directly on the transfer truck, the chips produced by the chipper are directly put into the loading platform or container of the transfer truck.

  In addition, when loading from the chip storage to the transport truck, it is loaded onto the transport truck by the wheel loader.

Next, it conveys to a chip silo with a conveyance truck, and a chip | tip is thrown into a chip silo. This is repeated until the required amount is reached. In the present embodiment, for example, two 8t trucks are used for 3 round trips a day within a 30 km range. In this case, loading 30 minutes + outward path 30 minutes + loading 30 minutes + return path 30 minutes = 1 round trip 2 hours.

The chip loaded on one 8t truck is 24 m ³ = 7.2, and if the actual working time per day is 7 hours, the chip is transported 3.5 times / day. 2ton x 3
. 5 times / unit × 2 units = 50.4 ton, 24 m ³ × 3.5 times / unit × 2 units = 168 m ³ . Further, when operating 250 days a year, 50.4 ton × 250 days = 1260 ton / year, 168 m ³ × 250 days = 4200 m ³ / year.

  FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table according to the transport phase. The cost for an 8t truck is 10 million yen and the amortization period is 4 years. The annual cost is 10 million yen ÷ 4 years of amortization = 2.5 million yen / year. The fuel cost of this truck is 750,000 yen / year.

If the equipment price is 20 million yen and the depreciation period is 4 years, the annual cost is 20 million yen ÷ 4 years depreciation = 5 million yen / year. The fuel cost of this truck is 800,000 yen / year.

  Assuming that the equipment price is 15 million yen and the depreciation period is 6 years, the annual cost of the wheel loader is 15 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 2.5 million yen / year. The fuel cost of this wheel loader is 1.1 million yen / year.

  FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating an example of a human resource table related to the chipping phase. In the example of FIG. 34, since two trucks are used, there are two drivers, one driver each. The labor cost for one driver is 380,000 yen × 12 months = 4.56 million yen / year, so the labor cost in the transportation phase is 9.12 million yen / year.

Dividing the annual total of personnel and equipment costs by the amount of chips produced,
(10 million yen / year + 2.65 million yen / year + 9.12 million yen / year) ÷ 42000 m ³ = 613.9 yen / chip m ³

Therefore, when the amount of heat obtained when this chip 1 m ³ is burned under the recommended conditions (ideal value) is 3,715 MJ / m ³ , the cost per unit of heat (expense) in the transfer phase is 613.9.
Yen / 3,715 MJ.

  FIG. 35 is a diagram showing an example of a method for calculating the chip cost. As shown in FIG. 35, in addition to the chip cost Ca of the chip-forming phase, the chip loading work man-hour data d5, the equipment cost (mechanical cost amortization) coefficient k2, the labor cost (labor wage) coefficient k3, the transport man-hour d6, the unloading man-hour d8. And the chip cost Cb is obtained as shown in Equation 3.

Cb = Ca + (Σ (d5 × k2) + (d5 × k3)) + (Σ (d6 × k2) + (d6 × k3))
+ ((D8 x k2) + (d8 x k3)) (Equation 3)
In the transfer phase, as shown in FIG. 36, the amount of heat after transfer is obtained to manage the chip quality. As shown in FIG. 36, the amount of heat per chip weight Qb in the chip-forming phase is changed to chip loading work man-hour data d5, chip loading work data d2, weather coefficient table k1, weather data d4 during chip loading, transfer man-hour d6, A loading method d7 in the chip silo, a loading method coefficient table k7, and an unloading man-hour d8 are added, and a heat quantity Qc per chip weight after conveyance is obtained as shown in Equation 4.

  Qc = Qb + d5 (d2 × kl (d4)) + d6 (d2 × kl (d4)) + d8 (d7 × k7) (Formula 4)

《Storage phase》
The storage phase is a phase from storing the loaded chip in the silo to supplying it to the boiler.

  FIG. 37 is a diagram illustrating an example of a chip silo. As shown in FIG. 37, the chip silo 51 stores the chip 52 and supplies it to a boiler (not shown). In the example of FIG. 37, the chip 52 is supplied to the boiler by the screw conveyor 54 while stirring the chip 52 by the turntable 53 provided on the floor. The chip silo 51 is a double floor so that dew condensation does not accumulate on the floor, and a drain (not shown) is provided on the floor.

  FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating an example of an equipment table related to the storage phase. For a chip silo, if the equipment price is 10 million yen and the depreciation period is 10 years, the annual cost will be 10 million yen ÷ 10 years of depreciation = 1 million yen / year. The power cost (electricity charge) of the turntable 53 and screw conveyor 54 of this chip silo is 72,000 yen / year.

  FIG. 39 is a diagram illustrating an example of a personnel table related to the storage phase. In the present embodiment, there is no full-time worker in the storage phase, and it is also used for other operations, so the number of personnel in the storage phase is 0.1. The personnel costs for this storage phase are 380,000 yen x 12 months x 0.1 = 456,000 yen / year. In the storage phase, the worker performs, for example, witness when the chip is carried in, maintenance of the chip silo, and inspection of whether the chip is corrupted.

Dividing the annual total of personnel and equipment costs by the amount of chips stored (the amount of wood processed)
(1 million yen / year + 0.72 million yen / year + 456,000 yen / year) ÷ 42000m ³ = 34.8 yen / chip m ³

Therefore, when the amount of heat obtained when this chip 1m ³ is burned under the recommended conditions (ideal value) is 3,715 MJ / m ³ , the cost (cost) per unit of heat in the storage phase is 34.7 yen / 3,715 MJ. Become.

  FIG. 40 is a diagram illustrating an example of a variation table showing variation factors related to the storage phase. As shown in FIG. 40, as a variation factor related to the storage phase, a coefficient is set according to the state of the chip.

  For example, when components in the air in the chip silo 51 are periodically detected and the gas generated when wood decays, such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, ethylene, phenol, xylene, etc. is higher than the outside air by a predetermined value, for example, 10% or more In the case of, the coefficient is multiplied by assuming that chip corruption is progressing.

  Further, when the height Lh on which the chips are stacked is equal to or larger than a predetermined value, for example, when the height Dh exceeds 1.5 times the width D of the chip silo 51, the load is applied to the turntable 53, and the power cost increases. Therefore, multiply by the coefficient.

《Combustion phase》
The combustion phase is a phase in which the chips are burned and heat energy is supplied.

The combustion step is as follows.
・ Chip drying (preheating) process ・ Chip gasification process ・ Combustion (heat supply)
-Ash emission In combustion, when theoretically 1 mol (12 grams) of carbon is combined with oxygen at a sufficient temperature to form carbon dioxide, "394k" = 0.109kWh = 109Wh.

C + 0 ₂ → C0 ₂
For this reason, the temperature in the boiler furnace is controlled so as not to exceed about 700 ° C and 800 ° C.

For example, if the temperature exceeds 800 ° C., there is a concern about the ash clinker problem and the increase in nitrogen oxides. Since the generation of nitrogen oxides is an endothermic reaction, it becomes a negative factor in energy.

  In-furnace management manages “temperature” and “oxygen concentration”.

  In order to maintain the ideal air-fuel ratio and to maintain the proper combustion temperature, it is necessary to control the “in-furnace pressure” and “incoming air volume”. This is the “residual oxygen concentration” at the chimney entrance. Can be managed.

For example, the boiler is equipped with a control device that controls the O ₂ sensor, temperature sensor, air feed into the furnace, etc., and the control device constantly monitors with the O ₂ sensor, and the residual oxygen becomes 7%. Control as follows. The oxygen concentration in the air is 21% partial pressure.

  Further, the control device controls the feed of air in order to keep the furnace temperature at an appropriate temperature. The amount of air containing 21% oxygen partial pressure is controlled, but incomplete combustion occurs when the amount of air is reduced to prevent the temperature from being raised too high (carbon monoxide remains contained). Exhaust).

In order to eliminate this, exhaust gas with a partial pressure of oxygen 7% is returned to the combustion chamber as secondary air. In other words, the air flow rate is set to a sufficient level, and air for cooling (because the temperature does not rise too much) is supplied. With the primary air (oxygen partial pressure 21%) and the 7% oxygen partial pressure reapplied, the exhaust gas to the chimney is again mixed to maintain the 7% oxygen partial pressure.

  In the boiler furnace, "drying", "gasification", "primary combustion", "secondary combustion" are performed, and heat exchange is performed.

  Note that the flow rate of primary air (21% oxygen) is not simply controlled. In the boiler, you may leave it to automatic control, but depending on the wood chip, monitor the furnace temperature (gasification section, primary combustion chamber, secondary combustion chamber, chimney inlet exhaust gas temperature) and residual oxygen concentration, You may control.

  A high-quality wood chip means that the input amount per unit time and unit output (kW) is small when the boiler is operating at rated capacity.

  In the combustion phase, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 detects the amount of heat obtained by burning the chips, that is, the amount of heat supplied to the heat consumer. For example, when supplying heat to a consumer via a heat exchanger, the temperature of the primary side or secondary side of the heat exchanger or the temperature and flow rate of the heat medium flowing to the primary side or secondary side are detected. In addition, when detecting at the primary side of a heat exchanger, you may make it estimate the heat quantity supplied to the consumer by converting the loss which arises by heat exchange etc. into a coefficient, and multiplying a detected value.

  Furthermore, the woody biomass fuel management system 110 acquires the state of the chip used for combustion. For example, the moisture content of the chip, the tree species, and the quality (whether peeled or fermented during storage) are acquired from information on the logging phase to the storage phase. The moisture content may be obtained by actually measuring the chip.

And the woody biomass fuel management system 110 calculates | requires the calorie | heat amount according to the input amount of a chip | tip for every state of this chip | tip. For example, the amount of heat per 1 m ^{3 of} chips is obtained for each moisture content and quality and used as a coefficient table for the amount of heat. Further, this heat quantity coefficient table may be periodically obtained and updated.

  With this heat quantity coefficient table, for example, the amount of heat obtained in the combustion phase can be calculated from the amount of chips acquired as the scheduled quantity for the combustion phase. This heat coefficient table can also be referred to in other phases. For example, in the chipping phase, the transfer phase, and the storage phase, the amount of heat obtained by the amount of wood processed in each phase (estimated amount) is calculated. Can do. In the logging and drying phases, the amount of heat obtained from the amount of wood treated in the logging and drying phases (estimated amount) is also converted by converting the amount of wood processed from the amount of raw wood to the amount of chips. Can be calculated. Further, in the ash treatment phase, by converting the amount of ash into the amount of chips, the amount of heat obtained from the wood (ash) of the treatment amount (estimated amount) similarly treated in the ash treatment phase can be calculated.

For ash, the standard is 1% or less (weight) of the amount of input wood chips. It evaluates (ranks) whether it is 1% or less or 0.5% or less, and accumulates the evaluation results.

  FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of an equipment table related to the combustion phase. The boiler cost is 60 million yen and the depreciation period is 10 years. The annual cost is 60 million yen ÷ 10 years depreciation = 6 million yen / year. The power cost (electricity charge) of this boiler is 750,000 yen / year. In addition, a pump that circulates a heat medium such as hot water has an equipment price of 600,000 yen and a depreciation period of 3 years, so the annual cost is 600,000 yen ÷ depreciation 3 years = 200,000 yen / year. The power cost (electricity charge) of this pump is 124,000 yen / year.

  FIG. 42 is a diagram illustrating an example of a personnel table related to the combustion phase. The labor cost of this combustion phase is 380,000 yen × 12 months = 4.56 million yen / year.

Dividing the annual total of personnel and equipment costs by the amount of chips input (wood processing amount),
(6 million yen / year + 731,000 yen / year + 4.65 million yen / year) ÷ 42000m ³ = 268.8 yen / chip m ³

Therefore, when the amount of heat obtained when this chip 1m ³ is burned under the recommended conditions (ideal value) is 3,715 MJ / m ³ , the cost per unit of heat (expense) in the combustion phase is 251.4.
Yen / 3,715 MJ.

《Ash treatment phase》
The ash treatment phase is a phase for treating the ash after combustion.

  FIG. 43 is a diagram showing an example of an equipment table related to the ash treatment phase. If the equipment price is 3 million yen and the depreciation period is 6 years, the annual cost will be 3 million yen ÷ 6 years of depreciation = 500,000 yen / year. The fuel cost of this truck is 450,000 yen / year.

FIG. 44 is a diagram showing an example of a human resource table related to the ash processing phase. In the present embodiment, since there is no full-time worker in the ash treatment phase and the other work is concurrently performed and the work is performed for one day in one week, the number of personnel in the storage phase is 0.2. The personnel cost for this storage phase is 380,000 yen x 12 months x 0.2 = 912,000 yen / year.

Dividing this annual total of labor costs and equipment costs by the amount of ash chips (wood processing amount)
(500,000 yen / year + 450,000 yen / year + 912,000 yen / year) ÷ 42000m ³ = 44.3 yen / chip m ³

Therefore, when the amount of heat obtained when this chip 1m ³ is burned under the recommended conditions (ideal value) is 3,715 MJ / m ³ , the cost per unit of heat in the ash treatment phase is 33.6 yen / 3,715 MJ. It becomes.

  FIG. 45 is a diagram showing an example of a method for calculating the ash treatment cost. As shown in FIG. 45, in addition to the chip cost Cd of the chip conversion phase, the equipment cost (mechanical depreciation) coefficient k2, the labor cost (labor wage) coefficient k3, the processing man-hour table k12 by heavy metal weight, the heavy metal weight w2 of ash, the local government The specified processing method data d9 is added, and the ash processing cost Ce is obtained as shown in Equation 5.

Ce = Cd + (k2 × (w2 × k12) + (k3 × (w2 × kl)) (Formula 5)
Further, in the ash treatment phase, ash quality control is performed as shown in FIG. 46, the ash weight is obtained as shown in Equation 6, and the heavy metal weight of ash is obtained as shown in Equation 7.

w1 = w5 × k9 × (w6 × k8) (Formula 6)
w2 = w5 × k10 × (w6 × k11) (Expression 7)

《Heat billing phase》
The heat billing phase is a phase in which billing or the like is performed on the heat energy supplied in the combustion phase. For example, in this embodiment, the following steps 1) to 3) are performed.

Step 1) Charge the price (heat price) according to the amount of heat supplied.
Step 2) Calculate the price per calorie according to the price obtained.
Step 3) Update the coefficient table of each phase according to the profit per heat quantity.
In step 1), the consideration (billing amount) is calculated based on the amount of heat supplied to the heat consumer in the combustion phase in a predetermined period, billing data is created, and billing data to the consumer destination (billing destination) Billing processing, such as sending a message, debiting based on billing data, and printing out a bill. The calculation of the consideration may be determined in conjunction with the price of crude oil or gas.
In step 2), the price per calorie is calculated according to the price obtained in step 1) and presented to the user in comparison with the cost per calorie of each phase. Thereby, the user can easily compare the cost of each phase of the woody biomass fuel with the value obtained by supplying thermal energy. For example, it is possible to make a management decision by assuming a cost that can be profitable by looking at the heat demand and heat price from the upstream phase (operation planning phase) to the downstream phase (heat billing phase, etc.). Conversely, it is possible to determine the purchase price of a profitable mountain, logging right, etc. from the downstream phase (heat billing phase, etc.) to the upstream phase (operation planning phase).

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, information on the cost and quality of each phase can be obtained, and management of each phase relating to the use of woody biomass fuel can be easily performed. In addition, improvement measures for each phase can be presented regarding the use of woody biomass fuel in the currently operating system. In the above-described embodiment, the wood biomass fuel management system 110 has shown an example in which the processing coefficient based on the coefficient table is determined according to the input value of the variation factor. A function (predetermined function) for calculating the processing coefficient described above may be defined, and the processing coefficient may be calculated by inputting the input value of the variation factor into the predetermined function in each phase.

<< Embodiment 2 >>
In the first embodiment described above, an example in which the processing amount of wood in each phase is estimated to obtain the cost per heat amount is shown. However, when actual processing of wood is performed, the actual processing amount of wood is determined. When the processing is started, the amount of wood to be processed is determined. Therefore, management may be performed so as to obtain the cost per heat amount based on the amount of processing. In particular, in the second embodiment, when work is performed using a grapple, the processing amount of wood is automatically acquired from the operation of the grapple, and the cost per heat amount is obtained using the processing amount of wood. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

  Conventionally, the amount of timber processed is, for example, manually counting the amount of timber that has been cut or stacked, and this has been a factor that reduces work efficiency.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, the grapple is provided with a sensor or the like to constitute the data acquisition device 100, and the data acquisition device 100 acquires the processing amount of the wood when the grapple is used for processing. The cost per unit of heat is managed based on the quantity.

<Device configuration>
In the grapple data acquisition device 100 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 47, a heavy machine 10 including a grapple 14 as a working device, a plurality of sensors 20 that detect the state of the grapple 14 and the heavy machine 10, and the sensor 20. A computer 30 is provided for recording and calculating the acquired data.

  FIG. 48 is a diagram illustrating an example of the heavy machine 10 including the grapple 14. The heavy machine 10 is, for example, a lower traveling body 3 having a crawler 2, and an upper body that is pivotally supported by the lower traveling body 3 via a main body turning bearing (not shown) and is turned by a turning motor 43. And 5. On the front side of the upper body 5, a working device including a boom 6, an arm 8, a grapple 14 and the like is provided. The boom 6 is swingably connected to the front side of the upper body 5 and is driven by the expansion and contraction of the boom cylinder 7. The arm 8 is swingably connected to the tip of the boom 6 and is driven by the expansion and contraction of the arm cylinder 9. The grapple 14 is connected to the first connecting shaft 19 at the tip of the arm 8 and the second connecting shaft 12 provided at one end of the link member 13 connected to the tip of the cylinder 11 and the tip of the arm 8. The configuration of the heavy machine 10 is not limited to this, and a wheel may be provided instead of the crawler 2, and the heavy machine 10 may be fixed to the ground without the lower traveling body 3.

  49 and 50 are diagrams illustrating an example of the grapple 14 according to the second embodiment. The grapple 14 includes a bracket 23 provided with a first bearing portion 21 into which the first connecting shaft 19 is inserted and a second bearing portion 22 into which the second connecting shaft 12 is inserted. The bracket 23 swings in the direction of A in FIG. 49 when the grapple cylinder 11 is expanded and contracted according to the positional relationship between the first bearing portion 21 and the second bearing portion 22 and the link member 13. It has become.

  The bracket 23 and the frame 35 are connected to each other via a turning bearing (not shown), and the frame 35 can turn in the direction B in FIG.

The frame 35 is formed in a box shape, and a pair of grapple arms 40 are attached via a pivot 34 in the Z direction. These grapple arms 40 are symmetrical around the pivot 34 (C direction) by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). Is driven to swing. Further, a chain saw 50 that is a wood cutting means is provided on a side portion of the frame 35, and wood cutting is performed by driving a hydraulic motor 51. The chainsaw 50 is an option and may be omitted. That is, the grapple of the present invention may be a grapple with a saw or a grapple without a chain saw. In addition, a side knife (cutter) for debranching and a material feeding mechanism may be provided as an option. The grapple of the present invention may constitute a processor or a harvester. The grapple of the present invention may be a gripping mechanism in a processor or a harvester, and the data acquisition device for a grapple of the present invention can also be applied to a processor or a harvester provided with this gripping mechanism.

FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram of the control system of the heavy machine 10 and the grapple 14. In this example, as hydraulic actuators, in addition to the hydraulic cylinders 7, 9, 11 of the boom 6, the arm 8, and the grapple 14, the left and right traveling motors 41, 42 and the swing motor 43, a cylinder 49 that opens and closes the grapple arm 40, A turning motor 31, a hydraulic motor 51 for a chain saw, and the like are provided. Note that the example of FIG. 51 is an example, and other mechanisms such as a side knife and a material feeding mechanism may be provided, or a part of the mechanisms may be omitted.

The control valves 211 to 213 are connected to the supply path L1, and based on the control signal from the controller 61, the hydraulic amounts applied to the left and right traveling motors 41 and 42 and the turning motor 43, that is, the driving amounts of the motors 41 to 43, respectively. To control. The control valves 214 to 216 are connected to the supply path L2, and are applied to the hydraulic cylinders 7, 9, and 11 that swing the boom 6, the arm 8, and the grapple 14, respectively, based on a control signal from the controller 61. The hydraulic amount, that is, the drive amount of each hydraulic cylinder 7, 9, 11 is controlled. The control valves 217 to 219 are connected to the supply path L3, and are applied to the open / close cylinder 49, the swing motor 31, and the chain saw hydraulic motor 51 for opening and closing the grapple arm 40, respectively, based on a control signal from the controller 61. The amount of hydraulic pressure, that is, the driving amount of the open / close cylinder 49 or each of the motors 31 and 51 is controlled.

The sensors 231 to 239 are one form of the sensor 20 that detects the operation state of each actuator 7, 9, 11, 31, 41, 42, 43, 49, 51, and are a pressure sensor, an angle sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a speed. A sensor or a combination of these. The sensors 231 to 233 detect the rotation speed, rotation direction, and rotation amount of the traveling motors 41 and 42 and the turning motor 43.
The sensors 234 to 236 detect the driving amounts of the hydraulic cylinders 7, 9, and 11 that swing the boom 6, the arm 8, and the grapple 14, respectively. The sensors 234 to 236 may detect the angle or rotation amount of the boom 6 relative to the upper body 5, the angle or rotation amount of the arm 8 relative to the boom 6, and the angle or rotation amount of the grapple 14 relative to the arm 8. The sensors 237 to 239 detect the driving amounts of the opening / closing cylinder 49 that opens and closes the grapple arm 40, the swing motor 31, and the chain saw hydraulic motor 51, and the sensor 240 detects the weight of the wood gripped by the grapple 14. .

In addition, the heavy machine 10 includes a position sensor 241, an acceleration sensor 242, a geomagnetic sensor 243, and an atmospheric pressure sensor 244. The position sensor 241 is, for example, a GPS receiver that receives a signal from a GPS (Global Positioning System) satellite and obtains position information. Note that the position is not limited to this, and the position may be obtained by autonomous navigation based on detection data from the acceleration sensor 242 or the geomagnetic sensor 243.

  The operation unit 65 inputs an operation on the heavy machine 10 by an operator to the controller 61, and includes a left lever 651, a right lever 652, a left forward / reverse lever 653, a right forward / backward lever 654, a grapple opening / closing switch 655, a grapple turning switch 656, a chain saw. A switch 657 is provided.

The left lever 651 is moved left and right to drive the turning motor 43 to rotate the upper body 5 left and right with respect to the lower traveling body 3, and is moved back and forth to expand and contract the arm cylinder 9 to move the arm 8. Swing up and down. The right lever 652 is moved left and right to swing the grapple back and forth, and is moved back and forth to expand and contract the boom cylinder 7 and swing the boom 6 up and down. The left forward / reverse lever 653 operates the rotation direction of the traveling motor 41 to move the left crawler 2 forward or backward. The right forward / reverse lever 654 operates the rotation direction of the traveling motor 42 to move the right crawler 2 forward or backward. The grapple opening / closing switch 655 controls opening / closing of the grapple arm 40, the grapple turning switch 656 controls turning of the frame 35 by the turning motor 31, that is, turning of the grapple arm 40, and a chainsaw switch 657 turns on / off the chainsaw 50. Controls OFF.

  The hydraulic pump 66 is provided with a pump regulator 67, and the discharge amount of the hydraulic pump 66 is controlled by the controller 61 through the regulator 67.

  The computer 30 records the history of operations input to the controller 61 and the data of each part detected by the sensor 20. Further, the computer 30 calculates the amount of wood processed per predetermined time based on the data of each part detected by the sensor 20.

The hardware configuration of the computer 30 is the same as that of the computer 1000 shown in FIG. 3, and includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 1001, a main storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device (external storage device) 1003, a communication IF (Interface) 1004, an input. An output IF (Interface) 1005, a drive device 1006, and a communication bus 1007 are provided.
In this case, the CPU 1001 performs processing according to the second embodiment by executing a program, and realizes the function of a processing result acquisition unit, for example. The processing result acquisition unit calculates the processing amount of wood per predetermined time based on the detection result by the sensor 20 that detects the operation state of the heavy equipment 10 (including the working device) and the grapple 14, and the working device and the grapple Get the operation history of. The main storage device 1002 or the auxiliary storage device 1003 stores the detection result by the sensor 20 and the operation history. The computer 30 is connected to the network N via the communication IF 1004 and communicates with, for example, the computer 1000 described above. As described above, the computer 30 may be provided separately from the computer 1000 and may transmit and receive information via a network, or may be configured integrally with the computer 1000.

  FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram of a data acquisition method by the computer 30. When the operation of the heavy machine 10 is started, the computer 30 periodically executes the process of FIG. First, the computer 30 acquires an operation input to the controller 61 (step S10), and stores it in the storage device 1003 as an operation history (step S20). Moreover, the computer 30 acquires the detection value by the sensor 20 from the controller 61 (step S30), and memorize | stores it in the memory | storage device 1003 (step S40).

Next, the computer 30 determines whether or not the predetermined timing for obtaining the work result has been reached. If the predetermined timing has not been reached, the processing in FIG. 52 is terminated (No in step S50), and the predetermined timing has been reached. If so (step S50, Yes), an operation history within a predetermined period is acquired as a work result (step S60), and a work result such as a processing amount of wood per predetermined time is calculated (step S70). In addition, the computer 30 acquires comparison data (step S
80) The data obtained in steps S60 and S70 are output in comparison with the comparison data (step S90).

FIG. 53 is a diagram showing an output example of the work result acquired in steps S60 and S70. In FIG. 53, the amount of wood processed per hour calculated in step S70 and the operation history acquired in step S60, for example, the operation history (predetermined amount of harvest) of the 1 m ³ wood processing amount (harvest amount). The operation amount of the crawler, the number of times of opening / closing the grapple 14, and the number of times of turning of the upper body 5 are shown in comparison with the comparative example. The operation history is not limited to this, for example, the total or average of the gripping pressure of the grapple 14, the distance the arm is moved, the amount of rotation of the upper body relative to the crawler, the amount of fuel consumption, and the operation history of various operation levers in the driver's seat. Also good.

  FIG. 54 is a diagram illustrating an output example of the movement trajectory of a grapple or heavy equipment. FIG. 54 (A) shows a comparative example, and FIG. 54 (B) shows a work result measured by the grapple data acquisition device of this embodiment. In FIG. 54, a solid line 76 is a movement locus of the grapple 14 detected by the acceleration sensor, and a broken line 77 is a movement locus of the heavy machine 10 detected by the acceleration sensor. The example in FIG. 54 (B) shows that the amount of movement of the grapple or crawler is larger than that in FIG.

  In the comparative example, for example, an example in which work is efficiently performed for each condition such as the slope of the site, the tree type, and the planting density is stored in advance, and an example corresponding to the site condition is read. The comparative example is not limited to an efficient example but may be an inefficient example. For example, a configuration may be adopted in which efficient examples and bad examples corresponding to on-site conditions are read, and both examples are compared with work results and output.

  Further, in the comparative example, the most efficient one or the one that meets the conditions may be read from the computer 30 of another grapple data acquisition apparatus connected via the network N. Furthermore, the comparative example may be one that is most efficient among past work results, one that meets the conditions, or the like.

The timing for acquiring the work result in step S50 may be a predetermined period or a predetermined time period, or may be input by an operator from an operation unit or the like. For example, when performing operations such as felling, collecting, branching, cutting, loading, loading, and unloading, enter the type of work and the start of the work, and enter the end when this work is completed. Then, the processing amount and operation history of wood from the start to the end of this work are acquired. In this way, when inputting the type of work, the comparative example may be read according to the type of work.

  Further, the computer 30 may determine the type of work and the start and end timing of the work based on the operations of the grapple 14 and the heavy machine 10. For example, if the grapple 14 grips a tree trunk in the vertical direction and moves the chain saw in the horizontal direction to cut the trunk, this operation is determined to be a felling operation, and the start and end of this operation are respectively The start and end of felling work.

  Furthermore, when the tree is gripped by the grapple 14, the crawler 2 is moved and moved to a specific position, the grapple 14 is opened and the tree is lowered, this operation is determined to be a gathering work. From the start of the first operation to the end of the last repeated operation is determined as the end of the gathering work from the end. In addition, when felling a tree and collecting continuously, this may be determined as a series of operations, or by extracting the movement from grasping the tree to moving to a specific position and dropping the tree. You may determine with material work.

  In addition, after the tree felling, when the grapple 14 grips the tree in the horizontal direction and moves the chain saw in the vertical direction repeatedly to cut the tree, this operation is determined as a ball cutting work (cutting work). From the start of the first operation to the end of the last repeated operation is determined as the end of the ball cutting operation. In addition, when it determines with a bead cutting operation | work, the frequency | count (number of cuts) which carried out the beading is recorded as a number of materials, and the diameter of the tree hold | gripped with the grapple 14 at the time of beating is detected and recorded. In addition, when slicing with a predetermined length (for example, 2 m), the processing amount of wood (amount of material) may be calculated by multiplying the number of materials by the length and the diameter, as in the following equation.

Amount of wood processed = number of lumbers × length × diameter Further, the collected trees are gripped and lifted by the grapple 14 and the arm (upper machine body 5) is swung to make a predetermined range within a predetermined range such as a truck bed. When the operation of opening the grapple 14 at a height is repeatedly performed, these operations are determined as loading operations, and the period from the start of the first operation to the end of the last repeated operation is determined as the loading operation from the start to the end. To do. In addition, when it is determined as loading work, the weight of the tree lifted by the grapple 14 is detected by a sensor, and the total weight of the trees lifted (loaded) from the start to the end of the loading work is summed up. You may ask as. Not limited to this, the diameter of the tree gripped by the grapple 14 when the tree is lifted is detected by a sensor, and the number of repetitions of the operation of opening the grapple 14 with a length (for example, 2 m) chopped into this diameter and a predetermined height You may calculate the amount of wood processing (amount of lumber) by multiplying (the number of loads).

Wood treatment amount = Diameter x Length x Number of loadings Also, grab the tree with a grapple 14 from a certain height within a certain range, such as a truck bed, and turn the arm (upper body 5) around the ground When the operation of opening the grapple 14 is repeated, it is determined that these operations are unloading work, and from the start of the first operation to the end of the last repeated operation, it is determined from the start of the unloading work to the end. If it is determined that the work is unloading, the weight of the tree lifted by the grapple 14 is detected by a sensor, and the weight of the tree lowered from the start to the end of the unloading work is summed up to obtain the amount of processing wood. good. Not limited to this, the sensor detects the diameter of the tree gripped by the grapple 14 when the tree is lifted, and the number of repetitions of the operation of opening the grapple 14 near the ground (for example, 2 m) The amount of wood treated (the amount of lumber) may be calculated by multiplying the number of unloading).

Processing amount of wood = diameter × length × unloading number Then, hold the tree with the grapple 14 and lift it, rotate the arm (upper machine body 5) to open the grapple 14 within a predetermined range and repeat the tree If the operation of stacking the next stage with the direction of the tree changed to the orthogonal direction, these operations are determined to be pile work, and from the start of the first operation to the end of the last repeated operation. Yes.
In addition, these felling, gathering, branching, cutting, loading, loading, and unloading operations are not limited to being performed by one heavy machine 10 (grapple 14). These operations may be performed by a plurality of units, or each operation may be performed by a plurality of units. For example, felling work and gathering work are performed by a harvester, pruning work and chopping work are performed by a heavy machine 10 equipped with a processor or a grapple 14 with a saw, and an embedding work, a loading work, and an unloading work are performed by a grapple 14. You may carry out with the heavy machinery 10 provided with. That is, the assignment of these operations can be appropriately set according to the inclination of the site, the situation of the work road, and the like. When these operations are performed by a plurality of machines (a heavy machine 10 including a harvester, a processor, and a grapple 14), the grapple data acquisition device 100 may be configured to manage all the machines, or some machines may be It may be configured to be managed.

  Then, the computer 30 transmits the wood processing amount acquired as described above to the computer 1000. At this time, the computer 30 determines the phase according to the type of work, such as the felling phase if the type of work performed is felling, or the drying phase if the type is chopping or piled up, and which phase is the amount of wood processed? May be transmitted in addition to the wood processing amount. In addition, as for the judgment of the phase, if the position where the work such as loading or unloading is performed is a position registered as a drying place, the drying phase is used, and if the position is registered as a storage place, the storage phase is used. The phase may be determined according to the position. The information indicating the phase may be input by the operator.

The computer 1000 that has received the wood processing amount from the data acquisition apparatus 100 calculates the cost per heat amount based on the wood processing amount. For example, the wood processing amount received from the data acquisition device 100 is used as the scheduled amount acquired in step S10 of FIG. For example, the wood processing amount acquired by the data acquisition device 100 in the previous phase is set as the planned amount of the target phase, and the cost per heat amount is calculated by performing the following steps S20 to S80.

  Further, the wood processing amount received from the data acquisition device 100 is used as the estimated amount acquired in step S10B of FIG. For example, the wood processing amount acquired by the data acquisition device 100 in the subsequent phase is set as the estimated amount of the target phase, and the cost per heat amount is calculated by performing the following steps S20 to S80.

  Furthermore, the improvement proposal is output by performing subsequent steps S220 to S260 using the wood processing amount received from the data acquisition apparatus 100 as the current data read in step S210 of FIG.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to acquire the wood processing amount of the work using the grapple 14, and to obtain the cost per heat amount based on the wood processing amount, thereby measuring the wood processing amount. The cost per calorie can be calculated with high accuracy based on the actual wood processing amount without reducing the work and reducing the work efficiency.

  In addition, by obtaining the improvement proposal based on the wood processing amount of the work using the grapple 14, it is possible to output an appropriate improvement proposal based on the actual wood processing amount.

<< Embodiment 3 >>
The third embodiment shows an example in which an interrupting portion is provided in the grapple 14 and wood (log) is cracked simultaneously with a gripping operation by the grapple 14. Hereinafter, this operation of cracking wood is also referred to as cracking. Raw trees immediately after cutting contain a lot of moisture, and if used as fuel, the moisture prevents combustion, so it is necessary to dry the wood after cutting. If the period required for this drying is too long, the drying place will be occupied for a long period of time, and the supply of wood will be delayed, making it impossible to efficiently supply woody biomass fuel. For this reason, it is desirable to break down the raw wood that has been cut down to speed up drying. However, when the number of steps for the interruption is increased, the material making speed is lowered, and the work efficiency may be lowered.

  Therefore, in the third embodiment, an interrupting portion is provided in the grapple 14 so that the grapple 14 can grip the log and perform the interrupting at the same time.

  FIG. 55 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the grapple 14 includes an interrupting unit 80. The grapple 14 includes a pair of grapple arms 40 that can swing relative to the frame 35 via a pivot 34. The grapple arm 40 is curved in a side view and forms a pair with the curved inner concave portions facing each other, and the wood is gripped by the inner concave portions. The grapple arm 40 includes a distal end portion on the opposite side to the base end portion that is pivotally supported, and an interrupting portion 80 at a central portion in the height direction. The interrupting portion 80 is not limited to the two locations of the tip portion and the center portion of the grapple arm 40, and may be provided at three or more locations, or at either the tip portion or the center portion. The interrupting portion 80 has a shape protruding toward the inside of the curved grapple arm 40, that is, toward the center of curvature, and has a wedge shape on the side surface (XY cross section) of the grapple 14, as shown in FIG. . Even if the outer shape of the interrupting section 80 is conical as shown in FIG. 57 (A), as shown in FIG. 57 (B), the outer shape of the blade is long in the Z-axis direction (longitudinal direction of the tree to be gripped). It may be.

  The angle θ (FIG. 56) formed by the apex 81 and the side surface 82 in the XY cross section of the interrupting section 80, that is, the cross section orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the wood can be arbitrarily set, Good. Moreover, although the height H of the interruption part 80, ie, the distance which protruded inward from the grapple arm 40, can be set arbitrarily, it is good also as 20 mm-60 mm, for example. Further, the length of the interrupting section 80 in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 57 (B) can be arbitrarily set, but may be, for example, 100 mm to 150 mm.

  58A shows a state in which the wood 89 is gripped by the tip of the grapple arm 40 provided with the interrupting section 80, and FIG. 58B shows an inner concave portion of the grapple arm 40 provided with the interrupting section 80. The state which hold | gripped the wood 89 is shown. By gripping the timber 89 with the grapple arm 40 provided with the indexing part 80 in this way, the indexing part 80 is stuck to the timber 89, the timber 89 is split, and a crack is generated in the fiber direction (longitudinal direction). be able to.

  Here, dividing the wood 89 is not limited to dividing the wood 89 in half and dividing the wood 89 into two, but it is also possible to only cause a crack to occur starting from the interrupted insertion portion 80. If the wood 89 is completely divided and divided into two parts, the labor for transporting the wood 89 may be increased, and the effect of accelerating the drying can be obtained by simply causing cracks. The crack may be suppressed to such an extent that it does not break completely.

  For example, since the crack H tends to increase when the height H of the interrupting portion 80 is high and the angle θ is large, the interrupting portion 80 having a height H and an angle θ corresponding to the diameter of the wood 89 to be gripped is provided. Anyway. Further, the thin timber 89 is grasped as shown in FIG. 58 (B) and is shallowly divided by the insertion portion 80 provided in the central portion, and the thick tree is grasped as shown in FIG. 58 (A) and a high pressure is applied. You may make it divide deeply with the interruption part 80 provided in the front-end | tip part.

  The interrupting portion 80 may be fixed to the grapple arm 40 by welding or the like, may be integrally formed with the grapple arm 40, or may be detachably attached. good.

  FIG. 59 shows an example in which the interrupting section 80 is configured as an attachment separate from the grapple arm 40 and is detachably attached. As shown in FIG. 59 (A), the interrupting portion 80 includes a mounting portion 83 having a U-shaped cross-sectional shape, and includes a convex portion 84 on the opposite side of the slit 83A of the mounting portion 83. Yes. 59B, a part 40A of the grapple arm 40 is fitted into the slit 83A of the mounting portion 83 and fixed with a fastening member (screw) 85. That is, the fastening member 85 is fastened so as to sandwich the part 40 </ b> A of the grapple arm 40, so that the cutting portion 80 is attached to the grapple arm 40, and the fastening member 85 is loosened to remove the cutting portion 80 from the grapple arm 40. it can. In addition, as shown in FIG. 59C, a buffer member 86 may be provided between the inner surface of the slit 83 </ b> A of the attachment portion 83 and a part 40 </ b> A of the grapple arm 40. By providing the buffer member 86 in this way, it is possible to prevent the fastening member 85 from being loosened by absorbing vibration and impact during work, and to tighten the fastening. The attaching / detaching mechanism of the interrupting unit 80 is not limited to this configuration, and may be any configuration as long as it can be attached and detached and can be fixed to the grapple arm 40 to the extent that it does not come off during the interrupting operation.

  As described above, since the interrupting section 80 is configured as an attachment separate from the grapple arm 40, the interrupting section 80 can be retrofitted to the existing grapple 14 to perform the interrupting. Further, since the fastening member 85 can be attached and detached, the interrupting portion 80 can be detached from the grapple 14 when the interrupting is unnecessary, and the interrupting portion 80 can be attached to the grapple 14 when the interrupting is necessary. Moreover, it can replace | exchange for the interruption part 80 of the desired height H and the desired angle (theta) according to the diameter of a tree to hold | grip, a tree kind, etc.

  For example, when the density (specific gravity) of wood is less than 0.5, the angle θ of the interrupting part 80 is 40 °, and when the density (specific gravity) of wood is 0.5 or more, the angle θ of the interrupting part 80 Is 30 °.

As described above, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to break the wood simultaneously with the work of gripping the wood such as collecting, loading, loading, unloading, etc., speeding up the drying of the wood and improving the work efficiency. Can do.

  Further, the processing result acquisition unit of the computer 30 stores the wood 89 gripped by the grapple 14 provided with the interrupting unit 80 in the storage device (for example, the auxiliary storage device 1003) as the interrupted wood 89, and interrupts it. As a result of the processing divided by the section 80, the drying period of the wood that has not been interrupted is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient, and the drying period of the wood 89 that has been interrupted is shorter than the drying period of the wood that has not been interrupted. You may calculate so that it may become. For example, if the dry period of untied wood 89 is 10 months, the dry period is calculated as 8 months by multiplying a predetermined coefficient (for example, 0.8) in the case of cut wood 89. Also good.

  Then, the fluctuation table of the drying phase is updated based on the drying period. Thereby, the drying period at the time of performing an interruption can be reflected in calculation of cost etc., and the cost per calorie | heat amount can be calculated accurately.

2 Crawler 3 Lower traveling body 4 Main body slewing bearing 5 Upper body 6 Boom 7 Boom cylinder 8 Arm 9 Arm cylinder 10 Heavy machine 11 Grapples cylinder 14 Grapples 20 Sensor 30 Computer 35 Frame 40 Grapples arm 61 Controller 65 Operation section 89 Wood 100 Data acquisition device DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 110 Woody biomass fuel management system 111 Planned amount acquisition part 112 Equipment information acquisition part 113 Human resource information acquisition part 114 Fluctuation factor reception part 115 Processing coefficient determination part 116 Cost calculation part 117 Conversion part 118 Output control part 119 Improvement proposal part 121 Equipment table 122 Human resource table 123 Coefficient table 124 Fluctuation table

Claims (9)

A woody biomass fuel management system that manages multiple phases of processing wood for the use of woody biomass fuel,
The target phase is at least one of the timber cutting phase, drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase,
A planned amount obtaining unit for obtaining a planned amount of wood to be processed in the target phase;
An equipment information acquisition unit for acquiring equipment information indicating the type and equipment cost of equipment used in the implementation of the target phase;
A human resources information acquisition unit for acquiring human resources information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the target phase and the personnel costs of the persons involved in the implementation;
A variation factor accepting unit that accepts an input of a variation factor in each step of the target phase;
A processing coefficient determination unit that determines a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to an input value of the variation factor;
For the planned amount of wood, an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is implemented with the equipment and the number of people is obtained, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost is multiplied by the processing coefficient. A cost calculation unit that calculates the cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the cost of the equipment;
A woody biomass fuel management system.   The woody biomass fuel management system according to claim 1, further comprising a conversion unit that obtains a heat amount related to combustion of the estimated amount of wood and converts the cost per estimated amount into the cost per heat amount. With reference to a variation table storing the recommended value of the variation factor, the processing coefficient determination unit determines a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to the recommended value of the variation factor,
The cost calculator corrects at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost by multiplying by a processing coefficient corresponding to the recommended value, and the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost are corrected. To calculate the cost per estimated amount,
Comparing the cost per estimated amount determined according to the input value of the variation factor with the cost per estimated amount determined according to the recommended value, the per estimated amount determined according to the recommended value An improvement proposal unit for notifying the recommended value of the variable factor as an improvement proposal when the cost of
The woody biomass fuel management system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising:   The variation factors of the drying phase are the distance from the forest road to the drying place, the method of lowering the transported wood to the drying place, whether or not to peel the bark, the diameter of the wood, how to stack the wood, the environment of the drying place, the drying place The woody biomass fuel management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wood biomass fuel management system is at least one of a distance to a place where chipping is performed. A grapple that is attached to the arm tip of the work device and grips the wood to perform a predetermined operation;
A sensor for detecting an operating state of the grapple;
A processing result acquisition unit that calculates a processing amount of wood per predetermined time based on a detection value of the sensor;
A grapple data acquisition device comprising:
The woody biomass fuel management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cost calculation unit calculates a cost per calorific value using the processing amount of wood acquired by the data acquisition device as the planned amount. A woody biomass fuel management method for managing multiple phases of processing wood for the use of woody biomass fuel,
The target phase is at least one of the timber cutting phase, drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase,
Obtaining a planned amount of wood to be processed in the target phase;
Acquiring facility information indicating the type and facility cost of the facility used to perform the target phase;
Obtaining human resource information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the target phase and the personnel costs of persons involved in the implementation;
Receiving an input of a variation factor in each process of the target phase;
Determining a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to an input value of the variation factor;
For the planned amount of wood, an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is implemented with the equipment and the number of people is obtained, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost is multiplied by the processing coefficient. And calculating a cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost, and a wood biomass fuel management executed by a computer Method.   Based on a detection value of a sensor that detects an operation state of a grapple that is attached to the tip of an arm of a work device and grips the wood and performs a predetermined operation, a processing amount of the wood per predetermined time is calculated, and the planned amount and The woody biomass fuel management method according to claim 6. A woody biomass fuel management program that manages multiple phases of wood processing for the use of woody biomass fuel,
The target phase is at least one of the timber cutting phase, drying phase, chipping phase, transport phase, storage phase, combustion phase, and ash treatment phase,
Obtaining a planned amount of wood to be processed in the target phase;
Acquiring facility information indicating the type and facility cost of the facility used to perform the target phase;
Obtaining human resource information indicating the number of persons involved in the implementation of the target phase and the personnel costs of persons involved in the implementation;
Receiving an input of a variation factor in each process of the target phase;
Determining a processing coefficient based on a predetermined function or a coefficient table according to an input value of the variation factor;
For the planned amount of wood, an estimated amount of wood that can be processed when the target phase is implemented with the equipment and the number of people is obtained, and at least one of the estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost is multiplied by the processing coefficient. And calculating the cost per estimated amount of wood processing in the target phase based on the corrected estimated amount, the labor cost, and the equipment cost, and causing the computer to execute the woody biomass Fuel management program. Based on a detection value of a sensor that detects an operation state of a grapple that is attached to the tip of an arm of a work device and grips the wood and performs a predetermined operation, a processing amount of the wood per predetermined time is calculated, and the planned amount and The woody biomass fuel management program according to claim 8.

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