JP2016074859A - Method for producing hydrous fuel, and apparatus for producing hydrous fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To explore a novel solubilized composition which contributes to stabilization of a hydrous fuel and to provide a solubilization technique which can reproduce stability of a hydrous fuel even in scale-up to an industrial manufacturing level.SOLUTION: Provided is a method for producing a hydrous fuel having water contained in a fuel oil which serves as a base, comprising: an addition step of adding a solubilized composition to a fuel oil while stirring; a granulation step of forming oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less by jetting a mixture of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition; an emulsification step of forming an O/W-type emulsion by adding to oil particles water having a pH of 11 or more and an oxidation reduction potential of -600 mV or less; a conversion step of jetting the O/W type emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more to convert the same to a W/O type emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less; and a recovery step of recovering the W/O emulsion.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel in which water is contained in a base fuel oil, and an apparatus for producing a hydrolyzed fuel.

  Research and development for efficiently burning fuel oils such as heavy oil, light oil, and gasoline have been actively conducted. If the fuel oil can be burned completely, various improvements such as improvement of heat exchange rate, reduction of particulate matter (PM) such as carbon, reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx), reduction of sulfur oxide (SOx), etc. Benefits are gained. In recent years, therefore, attention has been focused on a hydrolyzed fuel obtained by mixing water with fuel oil such as heavy oil or light oil. A hydrous fuel is a fuel in which fine particles of water are dispersed in a continuous phase of a liquid fuel, and is generally a fuel that takes the form of a W / O emulsion. When water is sprayed into the air and ignited, the oil on the surface side of the W / O emulsion burns, and the moisture on the inner side suddenly boils and vaporizes due to the heat of combustion. Volume expansion. As a result, the oil surrounding the moisture is scattered around while being refined, and the contact area between the oil and air increases. As a result, combustion of the oil is promoted, and high combustion efficiency is achieved as the whole water-added fuel. In addition, because the water content of water is reduced by the amount of water contained in the water, the limited amount of oil resources can be saved if the amount of heat is the same as when burning the same volume of normal fuel. It is also effective in that it can be done.

  In this way, although water fuel has many merits, it is originally a combination of oil and water with poor affinity, so it maintains a mixed state (emulsion) of oil and water for a long time. It was difficult to continue and stability was a major issue. Therefore, various techniques for improving the stability of the water fuel have been proposed.

For example, solubilizers containing fatty acid alkanolamides, C _3-4 alkanols, fatty acids having 10 to 26 carbon atoms, amines, and ammonia have been developed as agents for dispersing water in fuel oil (for example, patents) Reference 1). According to Patent Document 1, since the difference in surface tension between the oil phase and the water phase is reduced by the action of the C _3-4 alkanol contained in the solubilizer, moisture is effectively dispersed in the oil. ing.

  In addition, there is a fuel oil, water, and an emulsifier that are mixed to form an emulsion, which is then refined by filtering to obtain a transparent hydrous oil (see, for example, Patent Document 2). . According to Patent Literature 2, by applying the emulsion to a filter, the oil and water dispersed diameters constituting the emulsion are reduced, and oil-water separation can be prevented.

  Furthermore, in order to improve the mixing property of fuel oil and water, there was one that tried to use the power of an enzyme (see, for example, Patent Document 3). According to Patent Document 3, it is said that the stability of the produced hydrolyzed fuel is improved by using enzyme water in which an enzyme is dissolved in water.

JP 2011-245470 A Japanese Patent No. 5255162 JP 2012-72199 A

  In developing a hydrous fuel with excellent stability, the role of a solubilizer that binds fuel oil and water having low affinity to each other is important. In general, a solubilizer is a composition composed of a plurality of components, and the properties vary greatly depending on the combination and blending amount of the component compositions. Therefore, in the development of the water-added fuel, it is necessary to prepare various components of the solubilizer by performing a certain trial and error, and to find an optimum composition and blending amount.

  On the other hand, the study by the present inventor has revealed that the stability of the water-added fuel is also affected by the characteristics of the water mixed with the fuel oil and the environment (pressure, etc.) when the oil and water are mixed. I came.

  In this regard, although Patent Document 1 has studied the components of the solubilizer, no particular study has been made on the characteristics of the water mixed in the fuel oil. For this reason, there is a possibility that the stability of the hydrated fuel varies depending on the state of the water mixed with the fuel oil.

  In Patent Document 2, an emulsifier is used as a solubilizer, but only a general surfactant is used. Moreover, although it is devised that the emulsion is filtered, the structure of the emulsion itself does not change chemically, so it is doubtful whether permanent stability can be obtained.

  Patent Document 3 takes an approach different from the other prior art called “enzyme”, but the mechanism by which the enzyme stabilizes the hydrolyzed fuel has not been clarified, and the conditions under which the enzyme activity can be obtained are unknown. It is. In addition, no detailed study has been conducted on the mixing environment of oil and moisture.

  In addition, in producing water-added fuel, it is extremely important in practice to be industrially mass-produced. For example, even if a new solubilized composition was developed and the stability of the hydrofuel was confirmed at the laboratory level, it is often the case that the same result is not obtained when this is scaled up. It is difficult to put it to practical use with such a solubilization technique.

  In this regard, in Patent Documents 1 to 3, it is not sufficiently assumed to scale up to the industrial production level, and even if there is an effect in stabilizing the hydrolyzed fuel at the laboratory level, the actual production Whether it can be reproduced in the field is unclear. In the petrochemical industry, it is highly desirable to develop products that can withstand not only the solubilized composition's inherent performance but also scale-up.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and in addition to searching for a novel solubilized composition that contributes to the stabilization of the hydrolyzed fuel, even when it is scaled up to an industrial production level, The purpose is to establish a solubilization technique capable of reproducing the sex.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the characteristic configuration of the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel according to the present invention is as follows:
A method for producing a hydrous fuel in which water is contained in a base fuel oil,
An addition step of adding the solubilized composition to the fuel oil while stirring;
A granulation step of injecting a mixture of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition to form oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less;
An emulsification step of adding water having a pH of 11 or more and a redox potential of −600 mV or less to the oil particles to form an O / W emulsion;
A conversion step of spraying the O / W type emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more and converting it into a W / O type emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less;
A recovery step of recovering the W / O type emulsion;
It is to include.

  According to the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel of this configuration, a mixture of a fuel oil and a solubilized composition is injected to form oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less (granulating step), and the oil particles have a pH of 11 or more and redox. Water having a potential of −600 mV or less is added to form an O / W type emulsion (emulsification step). And it is converted into a W / O emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less by injecting the O / W emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more (conversion step). It has been found that the W / O type emulsion formed through these steps continues to maintain its state over a long period of time. For this reason, the hydrolyzed fuel obtained by the recovery process does not easily separate from oil and water, remains transparent, and has very high stability. In addition, such a hydrofuel that has been once converted into an O / W emulsion and then converted into a W / O emulsion is less stable even when scaled up due to its high stability, and is carried out at an industrial production level. But it will be a product that can withstand even enough.

In the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel according to the present invention,
The solubilized composition comprises 55-65% by weight of oleic acid, 1-5% by weight of propylene glycol, 25-35% by weight of cyclohexylamine, 1-10% by weight of methanol, and the remaining weight of 25% ammonia water. % Is preferable.

  According to the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel of this configuration, as the solubilized composition for linking fuel oil and water, the above-described appropriate composition component prepared in an appropriate blending amount is used. It is possible to produce an excellent water fuel.

In the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel according to the present invention,
In the adding step, the solubilized composition added to the fuel oil is 37: 2 as a ratio (A: B) of the volume (B) of the solubilized composition to the volume (A) of the fuel oil. To 37: 6,
In the emulsification step, the water added to the oil particles has a ratio (A: C) of the volume (C) of the water to the volume (A) of the fuel oil at 37: 6 to 37:12. It is preferable that it is set.

  According to the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel of this configuration, the ratio (A: B) of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition in the addition step and the ratio (A: C) of the fuel oil and water in the emulsification step are calculated. Since it is set appropriately, it is possible to produce a water fuel excellent in stability.

In the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel according to the present invention,
In the recovery step, it is preferable to execute a water removal step of removing excess water from the W / O emulsion.

  According to the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel of this configuration, in the recovery step, excess water is removed from the W / O type emulsion, so that the water not involved in the emulsification is eliminated. Almost all is composed of a liquid of W / O type emulsion and becomes a high-quality fuel with high combustion calories.

In order to solve the above problems, the characteristic configuration of the water-added fuel generator according to the present invention is:
An apparatus for producing a hydrolyzed fuel in which water is contained in a base fuel oil,
Adding means for adding the solubilized composition to the fuel oil while stirring;
Granulating means for injecting a mixture of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition to form oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less;
Emulsification means for adding water having a pH of 11 or more and an oxidation-reduction potential of −600 mV or less to the oil particles to form an O / W type emulsion;
A converting means for injecting the O / W emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more and converting it into a W / O emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less;
Recovery means for recovering the W / O emulsion;
It is in having.

According to the apparatus for generating water with this configuration, the same excellent effects as those of the method for generating water with fuel described above can be achieved.
That is, since the W / O type emulsion formed through the O / W type emulsion keeps its state for a long period of time, the produced hydrolyzed fuel is not easily separated into oil and water, remains transparent and is very stable. It becomes a thing with high property. In addition, because of its high stability, even if it is scaled up, there is little decrease in stability, and it can be a product that can withstand even when implemented at the industrial production level.

In the apparatus for generating water according to the present invention,
The conversion means preferably has an injection nozzle having a diameter of 10 to 20 μm.

  According to the hydrofuel generating apparatus of this configuration, the above-described appropriate injection pressure is obtained by injecting the O / W type emulsion using an injection nozzle having a diameter of 10 to 20 μm. / O type emulsion can be reliably converted.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a hydrofuel generating apparatus according to the present invention.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described. However, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the configurations described in the following embodiments and drawings.

  The hydrolyzed fuel is an emulsion obtained by mixing fuel oil and water. In general, there are two types of emulsions in which oil and water are mixed: W / O type emulsions and O / W type emulsions. In the case of the water fuel, since it is necessary to react the fuel oil with oxygen in the air, it is desirable that the fuel oil is finally in the form of a W / O emulsion in which the fuel oil exists on the surface side. Therefore, in the conventional techniques including the above-mentioned patent documents, it has been attempted to directly form a W / O type emulsion when water is solubilized in fuel oil.

  On the other hand, the present inventor considered that there is a limit in the conventional solubilization technology, and has been searching for a technology that can stabilize the hydrolyzed fuel. Thus, it has been found that when an O / W emulsion is first formed and then converted into a W / O emulsion, a hydro fuel can be produced that is much more stable than when the W / O emulsion is directly formed. Therefore, in forming an emulsion of fuel oil and water, it is necessary to develop a solubilized composition that can take both forms of an O / W type emulsion and a W / O type emulsion. It is an important point to determine what component composition and blending amount the solubilized composition that combines and integrates oil and water.

  Therefore, before explaining the “hydrolyzed fuel production method and hydrous fuel production apparatus” of the present invention, a “solubilized composition” developed by the present inventor in order to stably solubilize water in fuel oil. Will be described in detail. The fuel oil that can be used in the present invention includes A heavy oil, B heavy oil, C heavy oil, light oil, gasoline, and the like. Further, the water to be solubilized in the fuel oil will be described in detail later, but water whose hydrogen ion concentration (pH) and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) are adjusted to appropriate states is used.

[Solubilized composition]
The solubilized composition used in practicing the present invention is prepared so as to contain unsaturated fatty acids, glycols, amines, alcohols, and ammonia as its component composition.

  The unsaturated fatty acid preferably has 18 or more carbon atoms. For example, monounsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, gadoleic acid, eicosenoic acid, erucic acid, nervonic acid, linoleic acid, eicosadienoic acid, Diunsaturated fatty acids such as docosadienoic acid, triunsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid, vinolenic acid, eleostearic acid, and mead acid, tetraunsaturated fatty acids such as stearidonic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosatetraenoic acid, adrenic acid, Examples include pentaunsaturated fatty acids such as boseopentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, ozbond acid, and succinic acid, and hexaunsaturated fatty acids such as docosahexaenoic acid and nisic acid. Of these, oleic acid, which is a monounsaturated fatty acid, is preferably used. When using commercially available oleic acid, high-purity oleic acid having a concentration of 80% by weight or more can be suitably used. In this case, the content of oleic acid in the solubilized composition is 55 to 65% by weight, Preferably, it is adjusted to 58 to 62% by weight, optimally 60% by weight.

  Examples of glycols include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol and the like. Of these, propylene glycol is preferably used. In this case, the content of propylene glycol in the solubilized composition is adjusted to 1 to 5% by weight, preferably 2 to 4% by weight, and most preferably 3% by weight.

  The amines are preferably primary amines, for example, alicyclic primary amines such as cyclopentylamine, cyclohexylamine, and cyclooctylamine, and aliphatic primary amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, methanolamine, and ethanolamine. Etc. Of these, cyclohexylamine which is an alicyclic primary amine is preferably used. In this case, the content of cyclohexylamine in the solubilized composition is adjusted to 25 to 35% by weight, preferably 28 to 32% by weight, and optimally 30% by weight.

  Examples of alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and the like. Of these, methanol is preferably used. In this case, the content of methanol in the solubilized composition is adjusted to 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight, and optimally 5% by weight.

  As the ammonia, for example, ammonia water having a concentration of 25% is used. In this case, the content of 25% aqueous ammonia in the solubilized composition is determined by the above unsaturated fatty acid (optimally oleic acid), glycols (optimally propylene glycol), amines (optimally, (Cyclohexylamine), and the remaining weight percent excluding alcohols (optimally methanol). It should be noted that an aqueous solution having a concentration other than 25% can be used as the aqueous ammonia. In this case, the molar concentration of the ammonia component contained in the aqueous ammonia is adjusted to be the same amount as when the 25% aqueous ammonia is used. That's fine.

[Hydrofuel production equipment and production method]
Next, the hydrofuel generating apparatus of the present invention used for producing hydrous fuel using the solubilized composition will be described. Moreover, the production | generation method of the hydrolyzed fuel of this invention is also demonstrated collectively.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus 100 for generating water of the present invention. In the following description, the water-added fuel generating device 100 is simply referred to as “generating device 100”. The production apparatus 100 mainly includes an addition section 10, a granulation section 20, an emulsification section 30, a conversion section 40, and a recovery section 50. Each of these sections is a means for carrying out each step (addition step, granulation step, emulsification step, conversion step, and recovery step) of the method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel of the present invention.

  The addition section 10 functions as addition means in the generating apparatus 100 and includes five chemical tanks 11 to 15, a chemical metering tank 16, two stirring tanks 17 and 18, and a fuel oil tank 19. . In the chemical tanks 11 to 15, five components of the solubilized composition are respectively stored. The case where the five components of the solubilized composition are the optimum components described above will be described as an example. The chemical tanks 11 to 15 include (a) oleic acid, (b) propylene glycol, and (c). Cyclohexylamine, (d) methanol, and (e) 25% aqueous ammonia are each stored. The components (a) to (e) are transported to the chemical metering tank 16 by the pumps 11a to 15a provided in the chemical tanks 11 to 15, respectively. In the chemical measuring tank 16, the conveyed components (a) to (e) are measured by the measuring device 16a. In this embodiment, the content of the constituent components (a) to (e) in the solubilized composition is 55 to 65% by weight of oleic acid, 1 to 5% by weight of propylene glycol, and 25 to 35% by weight of cyclohexylamine. %, Methanol is 1 to 10% by weight, and 25% ammonia water is measured to be the remaining weight%. Preferably, oleic acid is 58 to 62% by weight, propylene glycol is 2 to 4% by weight, cyclohexylamine is 28 to 32% by weight, methanol is 3 to 7% by weight, and 25% aqueous ammonia is the remaining weight%. Is weighed. Optimally, it is weighed so that oleic acid is 60% by weight, propylene glycol is 3% by weight, cyclohexylamine is 30% by weight, methanol is 5% by weight, and 25% aqueous ammonia is the remaining weight%. The components (a) to (e) reduced in weight in the chemical measuring tank 16 are injected into the stirring tank 17 or 18 by a pump 16b provided in the chemical measuring tank 16. Which of the stirring tanks 17 and 18 is injected is performed by switching the three-way valve 16c. Further, the fuel oil tank 19 stores (f) fuel oil which is a base of the hydrolyzed fuel. (F) The fuel oil is injected into the agitation tank 17 or 18 by a metering pump 19 a provided in the fuel oil tank 19. Which of the stirring tanks 17 and 18 is injected is performed by switching the three-way valve 19b. For example, a case where both the three-way valve 16c and the three-way valve 19b are switched to the stirring tank 17 side will be described. (F) The solubilized composition adjusted to an appropriate amount in the chemical metering tank 16 during or after the injection of the fuel oil into the stirring tank 17 is stirred by the pump 16b provided in the chemical metering tank 16. The mixture is added to the tank 17 and the mixed solution is stirred by a propeller-type stirrer 17a provided in the stirring tank 17 (addition process). At this time, the stirring speed of the stirrer 17a is preferably set to 120 to 180 rpm. In the addition step, (f) the amount of the solubilized composition added to the fuel oil is (f) the ratio (A: B) of the volume (B) of the solubilized composition to the volume (A) of the fuel oil. 37: 2 to 37: 6, preferably 37: 3 to 37: 5, and most preferably 37: 4. In the case of the optimum ratio, for example, 370 L of (f) fuel oil and 40 L of the solubilized composition are charged into the stirring tank 17 and stirred and mixed by the stirrer 17a. Thereby, the water fuel finally produced becomes more stable. The reason why the two agitation tanks 17 and 18 are provided as in the present embodiment is that, in the addition step, (f) the fuel oil having a high viscosity and the solubilized composition having a low viscosity are uniformly mixed. This is because it takes time. When the two agitation tanks 17 and 18 are provided and the addition process is performed in two systems, the agitation efficiency of the two liquids having different viscosities is improved, and the next granulation process can be smoothly performed. However, even when only one stirring tank is used, (f) mixing and stirring of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition can be carried out without any problem if the addition process takes a certain amount of time.

  The granulation section 20 functions as granulation means in the generation apparatus 100 and includes a high-pressure pump 21, an injection tank 22, and an injection nozzle 23. The high-pressure pump 21 pumps the stirring mixture stored in the stirring tank 17 or 18, that is, (f) a mixed solution in which the fuel oil and the solubilized composition are uniformly mixed, to the injection tank 22. Switching of the stirring tank 17 or 18 is performed by a three-way valve 21a. The stirred mixture thus pumped is injected into the injection tank 22 from an injection nozzle 23 provided in the injection tank 22. Here, an inclined plate 22 a is provided inside the injection tank 22 so as to bisect in the vertical direction. The upper side of the inclined plate 22a functions as an allojet tank 22b that receives the injected material, and the lower side separates the injected material into granular materials (oil particles P1 described later) and non-granular materials, and separates the aging particles 22c. Function as. Since the injection nozzle 23 is directed toward the allojet tank 22b, the stirring mixture injected from the injection nozzle 23 is sprayed onto the inclined plate 22a as oil particles P1 having a diameter of 100 μm or less. The oil particles P1 slide down the inclined plate 22a and are stored in the separation aging tank 22c, and are aged.

  The emulsification section 30 functions as an emulsification means in the generating apparatus 100 and includes a water tank 31 and an emulsification tank 32. The emulsification tank 32 is also used as the emulsification tank 42 in the conversion section 40 described later. The water tank 31 stores (g) water for mixing with (f) fuel oil. Here, (g) water is adjusted to pH 11 or more and oxidation-reduction potential −600 mV or less in order to improve the stability after emulsification with (f) fuel oil. Such water conditions are new findings discovered by the present inventors through intensive research. The pH can be adjusted, for example, by adding an alkaline agent, and the alkaline agent is preferably ammonia water which is a component contained in the solubilized composition. In this case, the amount of 25% ammonia water corresponding to the ammonia water used for pH adjustment may be reduced from the solubilized composition. The redox potential can be adjusted by, for example, high frequency processing. By using water adjusted in this way, conversion from the O / W type to the W / O type in the emulsion conversion step described later can be performed efficiently. (G) Water is injected into the emulsification tank 32 by a metering pump 31 a provided in the water tank 31. Further, oil particles P1 are conveyed to the emulsification tank 32 from the separation aging tank 22c of the granulation section 20 by a pump 32a. Thereby, in the emulsification tank 32, the oil particle P1 and (g) water are mixed and stirred. The stirring at this time is mainly performed by liquid circulation by a pump 32a or a plunger pump 41 described later. A propeller-type stirrer (not shown) is separately provided in the emulsification tank 32, and stirring is performed by a stirring blade. Also good. In this case, the stirring speed of the stirrer is preferably set to 120 to 180 rpm. As the stirring of the oil particles P1 and (g) water proceeds, they eventually become integrated (solubilized), and an O / W emulsion is once formed. This O / W emulsion has a transparent state without emulsification (white turbidity) because fine oil particles P1 are almost completely dissolved in water adjusted to a pH of 11 or more and a redox potential of −600 mV or less. Presented. In the emulsification step, the amount of (g) water added to the oil particles P1 is (f) the ratio (A: C) of (g) water volume (C) to fuel oil volume (A), 37 : 6 to 37:12, preferably 37: 8 to 37:10, and most preferably 37: 9. In the case of the optimum ratio, for example, 370 L of (f) fuel oil and 90 L of (g) water are put into the emulsification tank 32 and stirred and mixed. Thereby, the water fuel finally produced | generated maintains transparency and becomes the stabilized thing.

  The conversion section 40 functions as conversion means in the generating apparatus 100 and includes a plunger pump 41, an emulsification tank 42, and a tornado mixer 43. The O / W type emulsion formed in the emulsification tank 32 (42) is connected to the plunger pump 41 connected to the lower part of the emulsification tank 32 (42) and to the upper part of the emulsification tank 32 (42). The tornado mixer 43 is agitated while circulating in the emulsification tank 32 (42). At this time, when the plunger pump 41 pressurizes the O / W emulsion to 2.5 MPa or more, preferably 3.0 MPa or more, the diameter of the O / W emulsion when the O / W emulsion is injected from the injection nozzle 43 a of the tornado mixer 43. The fine particle P2 is 10 μm or less. The fine particles P2 are surprisingly converted from an O / W emulsion to a W / O emulsion (conversion step). This unique phenomenon is a new finding discovered by the present inventors for the first time. In addition, the present inventor has shown that a W / O emulsion converted from an O / W emulsion maintains a transparent state for a long period of time, and continues to maintain a stable W / O type state. confirmed. Furthermore, once the O / W emulsion was converted to the W / O emulsion and then the hydrolyzed fuel was produced, high stability was maintained, and it was confirmed that good reproducibility could be obtained even when scaled up. .

  The recovery section 50 functions as a recovery means in the generation apparatus 100 and includes a moisture removal filter 51 and a hydrolyzed fuel storage tank 52. The fine particles P2 of the W / O emulsion converted from the O / W emulsion in the conversion section 40 are pumped to the moisture removal filter 51 by the pump 42a provided in the emulsification tank 42. The W / O type emulsion that has passed through the moisture removal filter 51 eliminates excess moisture that is not involved in emulsification. As a result, almost all of the generated water fuel is composed of a liquid composed of the fine particles P2 of the W / O emulsion, and the calorie burned when the water fuel is burned can be improved. The W / O type emulsion from which the water has been removed is conveyed to the hydrolyzed fuel storage tank 52 by the pump 51a, and hydrous fuel as a product is completed. In addition, in the case where water is mixed in the water stored in the water storage tank 52, water is returned from the water storage tank 52 to the agitation tanks 17 and 18 through a return pipe (not shown). The same process is performed again.

  The hydrofuel produced via each of the above sections can continue to maintain a permanently solubilized state (transparent state where oil and water are completely mixed) for high stability. It has become a product with high commercial value. Moreover, even if it implements at the industrial production level, the water-added fuel obtained by this invention is a product which can fully endure a user's request | requirement.

(Combustion performance evaluation)
In order to evaluate the combustion performance of the hydrous fuel obtained by the present invention, an output test using a generator with an engine was performed. The generator used was an engine generator (model: DCA-90SPH) manufactured by Denyo Corporation. As fuel for operating the engine of the generator, two types of hydrolyzed fuel (Example 1 and Example 2) shown in Table 1 below were used. The component composition of the solubilized composition used to produce the hydrolyzed fuel is 60% by weight oleic acid, 3% by weight propylene glycol, 30% by weight cyclohexylamine, 5% by weight methanol, and 25% by weight remaining ammonia water ( 2% by weight). In addition, for comparison, an output test using the same generator with an engine was also performed for A heavy oil (Comparative Example 1) based on JIS K 2205, which is not a hydrofuel, and light oil based on JIS K 2204 (Comparative Example 2). Carried out.

  From Table 1, both the heavy fuel oil-based fuel oil (Example 1) and the light oil-based water fuel (Example 2) have a fuel oil content of 60% of the total water content. Compared with heavy fuel oil A (comparative example 1) and light oil (comparative example 2) in which the fuel oil is 100%, an output comparable to that obtained was obtained.

  Further, although details are omitted, when the hydrofuel obtained by the present invention is continuously used as a fuel for boilers used in cleaning factories, particularly conspicuous problems in terms of combustion calories, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas It was confirmed that it can be used as usual fuel oil.

  From these results, it was confirmed that the water-added fuel obtained by the present invention can be used as a new fuel in place of heavy oil or light oil, and can be used without problems even in existing facilities where normal fuel such as heavy oil or light oil is used.

[Environmental performance evaluation]
In order to evaluate the environmental performance of the hydrofuel obtained by the present invention, the components of the gas (exhaust gas) after combustion were analyzed. As a representative, the component analysis was performed on the combustion gas of A fuel oil based on A heavy oil (Example 1) and the combustion gas of A fuel oil (Comparative Example 1) that is not a water fuel. The analysis results of the combustion gas are shown in Table 2 below.

  Regarding the combustion gas composition, Example 1 detected more carbon dioxide than Comparative Example 1, and conversely detected less oxygen. This is presumably because the water-added fuel of Example 1 had higher combustion efficiency than the heavy oil A of Comparative Example 1, and burned in a state close to nearly complete combustion. It can be inferred from the fact that the combustion efficiency of hydrous fuel is higher than that of heavy fuel oil A because the exhaust gas temperature of Example 1 is higher than the exhaust gas temperature of Comparative Example 1. Regarding the exhaust gas flow rate, the wet exhaust gas amount, and the dry exhaust gas amount, Example 1 is lower than Comparative Example 1, and it has become clear that the generation of exhaust gas itself is reduced. As for soot and dust, both Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are below the regulation standard value. In particular, Example 1 shows that the generation of soot and dust is very small, and it is found that it is effective for cleaning exhaust gas. It was. Regarding the sulfur oxide concentration, sulfur oxide emission amount, nitrogen oxide concentration, and oxygen conversion value, Example 1 is less than Comparative Example 1 or slightly increased, and there is no problem. The result was below the standard value. As described above, the water-added fuel obtained by the present invention reduces the generation of harmful substances due to combustion, and the generation amount also satisfies the regulation standard value. Furthermore, it is superior in terms of environment compared to conventional heavy oil and the like. Confirmed to be fuel.

  The hydrolyzed fuel production method and hydrous fuel production apparatus of the present invention can be used in various industries such as petrochemical industry, petroleum refining industry, energy industry, thermal power plant, automobile manufacturing industry, office buildings, factories, etc. It is also possible to apply the technology of the present invention to private power generation facilities installed in apartment houses, general houses, and the like.

10 Addition section (addition means)
11-15 Chemical tank 16 Chemical metering tank 17, 18 Agitation tank 19 Fuel oil tank 20 Granulation section (granulation means)
21 High-pressure pump 22 Injection tank 23 Injection nozzle 30 Emulsification section (emulsification means)
31 Water tank 32 Emulsification tank 40 Conversion section (conversion means)
41 Plunger pump 42 Emulsification tank 43 Tornado mixer 43a Injection nozzle 50 Recovery section (recovery means)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 51 Moisture removal filter 52 Hydrolyzed fuel storage tank 100 Hydrolyzed fuel production apparatus

Claims (6)

A method for producing a hydrous fuel in which water is contained in a base fuel oil,
An addition step of adding the solubilized composition to the fuel oil while stirring;
A granulation step of injecting a mixture of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition to form oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less;
An emulsification step of adding water having a pH of 11 or more and a redox potential of −600 mV or less to the oil particles to form an O / W emulsion;
A conversion step of spraying the O / W type emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more and converting it into a W / O type emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less;
A recovery step of recovering the W / O type emulsion;
A method for producing a water-containing fuel.   The solubilized composition comprises 55-65% by weight of oleic acid, 1-5% by weight of propylene glycol, 25-35% by weight of cyclohexylamine, 1-10% by weight of methanol, and the remaining weight of 25% ammonia water. The method for producing water-containing fuel according to claim 1, comprising: In the adding step, the solubilized composition added to the fuel oil is 37: 2 as a ratio (A: B) of the volume (B) of the solubilized composition to the volume (A) of the fuel oil. To 37: 6,
In the emulsification step, the water added to the oil particles has a ratio (A: C) of the volume (C) of the water to the volume (A) of the fuel oil at 37: 6 to 37:12. The method for producing a hydrolyzed fuel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is set.   The method for producing a water-hydrated fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a water removal step of removing excess water from the W / O emulsion is performed in the recovery step. An apparatus for producing a hydrolyzed fuel in which water is contained in a base fuel oil,
Adding means for adding the solubilized composition to the fuel oil while stirring;
Granulating means for injecting a mixture of the fuel oil and the solubilized composition to form oil particles having a diameter of 100 μm or less;
Emulsification means for adding water having a pH of 11 or more and an oxidation-reduction potential of −600 mV or less to the oil particles to form an O / W type emulsion;
A converting means for injecting the O / W emulsion under a pressure of 2.5 MPa or more and converting it into a W / O emulsion having a diameter of 10 μm or less;
Recovery means for recovering the W / O emulsion;
An apparatus for producing a hydrolyzed fuel.   The said conversion means is a production | generation apparatus of the hydrated fuel of Claim 5 which has a 10-20 micrometer injection nozzle.

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