JP2016073094A - Power generation circuit and power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power generation circuit and a power generation system that require no power input from the outside and can efficiently extract power from a power generation element.SOLUTION: A power generation circuit 1 comprises: a power generation unit 2 comprising a power generation element 9 that causes electric polarization depending on temperature's increase/decrease with time; a power reception unit 3 to which power extracted from the power generation element 9 is to be supplied; a pair of main conducting wires 4 configured so as to connect the power generation unit with the power reception unit; a first power storage unit 6 comprising a first sub conducting wire 5 connected across the pair of main conducting wires 4 and a coil 20 inserted into the first sub conducting wire 5; a second power storage unit 8 comprising a second sub conducting wire 7 connected across the pair of main conducting wires 4 in parallel with the first power storage unit 6 and a capacitor 21 inserted into the second sub conducting wire 7; a main conducting wire switch 14 for controlling a current flow across the main conducting wires 4; a first sub conducting wire switch 17 for controlling a current flow of the first sub conducting wire 5; and a second sub conducting wire switch 22 for controlling a current flow of the second sub conducting wire 7.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a power generation circuit and a power generation system, and more particularly to a power generation system mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile, and a power generation circuit employed in the power generation system.

  Conventionally, in internal combustion engines such as automobile engines, heat exchangers such as boilers and air conditioning equipment, electric engines such as generators and motors, and various energy utilization devices such as light emitting devices such as lighting, for example, as exhaust heat, light, etc. A lot of thermal energy is released and lost.

  In recent years, from the viewpoint of energy saving, it has been required to recover the released thermal energy and reuse it as an energy source. As such a system, specifically, for example, a heat source whose temperature rises and falls over time, and a first device that is electrically polarized by a piezo effect, a pyroelectric effect, a Seebeck effect, or the like according to a temperature change of the heat source ( A power generation system including a dielectric and the like, and a second device (electrode and the like) arranged to face each other so as to sandwich the first device in order to extract electric power from the first device has been proposed, and more efficiently In order to generate electric power, it has been proposed that a voltage application device applies a voltage to the first device while the temperature of the first device is rising, and stops applying the voltage while the temperature is falling. In addition, it has been proposed to load the power generation system on an automobile or the like, and to arrange a first device (such as a dielectric) in an exhaust pipe to which the exhaust gas of the automobile is supplied in such a case ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)

  In the power generation system described above, the obtained electric power is accumulated in the battery from the first device via the second device, and can be consumed as necessary.

JP, 2014-113028, A

  On the other hand, in such a power generation system, since the voltage application device is used for power generation by the first device (dielectric material or the like), there is a problem that it is necessary to input power from the outside of the circuit.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power generation circuit and a power generation system that can eliminate the need for external power input and can efficiently extract power from the power generation element.

  In order to achieve the above object, a power generation circuit according to the present invention includes a power generation unit including a power generation element that is electrically polarized as the temperature rises and falls over time, and a power reception unit to which power extracted from the power generation element is supplied. A pair of main wires configured to connect the power generation unit and the power receiving unit; a first sub-conductor connected to bridge between the pair of main wires; and intervening in the first sub-conductor Interposed between a first power storage unit including a coil to be connected, a second sub-conductor connected in parallel to the first power storage unit, and a pair of the main wires, and the second sub-conductor A second power storage unit including a capacitor, a main line switch provided in the main line, for controlling a current flow in the main line, and provided in the first sub conductor, A first sub-conductor switch for controlling a current flow in the wire; and a second sub-conductor switch provided in the second sub-conductor for controlling a current flow in the second sub-conductor. It is said.

  The power generation system of the present invention also detects the power generation circuit, a heat source that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element over time, temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element, and a voltage of the power generation element. Voltage detection means, and control means for controlling the main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch based on detection by the temperature detection means and the voltage detection means. It is a feature.

In the power generation system of the present invention, the control means includes
(1) At the start of temperature decrease of the power generation element, a current derived from a positive voltage in the power generation element flows along a first direction of the main line and a first direction of the first sub conductor, and the coil Controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the
(2) Next, a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element during a temperature drop of the power generation element, and when the voltage value reaches a predetermined value, a current derived from energy stored in the coil is The main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor flow so as to flow along the first direction of the sub-conductor and the first direction of the second sub-conductor, and to store energy in the capacitor. Control the lead switch,
(3) Next, during the temperature drop of the power generation element, a current derived from a negative voltage generated in the power generation element is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the main line, and the second sub conductor. The main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the capacitor.
(4) Next, at the start of temperature rise of the power generating element, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the capacitor is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the first sub conductor, and the second The main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch are controlled so as to flow along a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the sub conductor and to store energy in the coil. And
(5) Next, during the temperature rise of the power generating element, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil flows along the second direction of the main line and the second direction of the first sub conductor. Controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch so that a positive voltage is applied to the power generating element,
(6) Next, during the temperature rise of the power generation element, a current derived from a positive voltage generated in the power generation element flows along the first direction of the main line so that the current is supplied to the power receiving unit. In addition, it is preferable to control the main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch.

  According to the power generation circuit and the power generation system of the present invention, it is possible to apply a voltage to the power generation element using energy generated in the power generation unit, thus eliminating the need for external power input and efficiently extracting power from the power generation element. be able to.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a power generation circuit of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power generation system in which the power generation circuit shown in FIG. 1 is employed. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a first control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a second control state in the power generation circuit shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fourth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a fifth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sixth control state in the power generation circuit illustrated in FIG. 1.

  In FIG. 1, a power generation circuit 1 includes a power generation unit 2, a power reception unit 3, a pair of main wires 4 that electrically connect them, and a first power storage unit 6 and a second power storage unit installed on the main wire 4. 8 and.

  The power generation unit 2 includes a power generation element 9 and a pair of electrodes (not shown) disposed to face each other with the power generation element 9 interposed therebetween. In FIG. 1, the power generating element 9 is represented by a capacitor symbol.

  The power generating element 9 is a device that undergoes electric polarization as the temperature rises and falls over time.

  The electric polarization referred to here is a phenomenon in which a potential difference occurs due to dielectric polarization due to displacement of positive and negative ions due to crystal distortion, such as a piezo effect and / or a phenomenon in which a dielectric constant changes due to a temperature change and a potential difference occurs, such as pyroelectric It is defined as a phenomenon in which an electromotive force is generated in a material such as an effect.

  More specifically, examples of such a power generation element 9 include a device that is electrically polarized by a piezo effect, a device that is electrically polarized by a pyroelectric effect, and the like.

  The piezo effect is an effect (phenomenon) in which when a stress or strain is applied, it is electrically polarized according to the magnitude of the stress or strain.

  The power generating element that is electrically polarized by such a piezoelectric effect is not particularly limited, and a known piezoelectric element (piezoelectric element) can be used.

  When a piezo element is used as the power generation element 9, the piezo element is fixed, for example, by a fixing member. The fixing member is not particularly limited, and for example, an electrode (not shown) can be used.

  The pyroelectric effect is, for example, an effect (phenomenon) in which the insulator is electrically polarized in accordance with a change in temperature when the insulator (dielectric) is heated and cooled, and includes the first effect and the second effect. It is out.

  The first effect is an effect in which, when the insulator is heated and cooled, it spontaneously polarizes due to the temperature change and generates a charge on the surface of the insulator.

  In addition, the second effect is an effect that pressure deformation occurs in the crystal structure due to temperature changes during heating and cooling of the insulator, and piezoelectric polarization occurs due to stress or strain applied to the crystal structure (piezo effect, piezoelectric effect). ).

  The device that is electrically polarized by such a pyroelectric effect is not particularly limited, and a known pyroelectric element can be used.

Specifically, as such a power generation element 9, a known pyroelectric element (for example, BaTiO ₃ , CaTiO ₃ , (CaBi) TiO ₃ , BaNd ₂ Ti ₅ O ₁₄ , BaSm ₂ Ti ₄ O ₁₂ , zircon titanate). Lead acid (PZT: Pb (Zr, Ti) O ₃ )), known piezo elements (for example, quartz (SiO ₂ ), zinc oxide (ZnO), Rochelle salt (potassium sodium tartrate) (KNaC ₄ H ₄ O ₆ ), lead zirconate titanate (PZT: Pb (Zr, Ti) O ₃ ), lithium niobate (LiNbO ₃ ), lithium tantalate (LiTaO ₃ ), lithium tetraborate (Li ₂ B ₄ O ₇ ), langa Site (La ₃ Ga ₅ SiO ₁₄ ), aluminum nitride (AlN), tourmaline (tourmaline), polyvinylidene fluoride (P VDF), etc.), Ca ₃ (VO ₄ ) ₂ , Ca ₃ (VO ₄ ) ₂ / Ni, LiNbO ₃ , LiNbO ₃ / Ni, LiTaO ₃ , LiTaO ₃ / Ni, Li (Nb _0.4 Ta _0.6 ) O ₃ , Li (Nb _0.4 Ta _0.6 ) O ₃ / Ni, Ca ₃ {(Nb, Ta) O ₄ } ₂ , Ca ₃ {(Nb, Ta) O ₄ } ₂ / Ni, or the like is used. Can do.

Further, as the power generating element 9, LaNbO ₃ , LiNbO ₃ , KNbO ₃ , MgNbO ₃ , CaNbO ₃ , (K _1/2 Na _1/2 ) NbO ₃ , (K _1/2 Na _1/2 ) NbO ₃ / Ni, (Bi _1/2 K _1/4 Na _1/4 ) NbO ₃ , (Sr _1/100 (K _1/2 Na _1/2 ) _99/100 ) NbO ₃ , (Ba _1/100 (K _{1 / 2} Na _1/2 ) _99/100 ) NbO ₃ , (Li _1/10 (K _1/2 Na _1/2 ) _9/10 ) NbO ₃ , Sr ₂ NaNb ₅ O ₁₅ , Sr _19/10 Ca _{1 / 10 NaNb 5 O 15, Sr 19/10} Ca 1/10 NaNb 5 O 15 / Ni, Ba 2 NaNbO 15, Ba 2 Nb 2 O 6, Ba 2 NaNbO 15 / Ni, Ba 2 Nb 2 O 6 / i may also be used dielectrics such.

  These power generating elements 9 can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The power generating element 9 is normally used after being subjected to a polling process by a known method.

  The Curie point of the power generation element 9 is, for example, −77 ° C. or higher, preferably −10 ° C. or higher, for example, 1300 ° C. or lower, preferably 900 ° C. or lower.

  The relative permittivity of the power generating element 9 (insulator (dielectric)) is, for example, 1 or more, preferably 100 or more, and more preferably 2000 or more.

  In such a power generation circuit 1, the higher the relative dielectric constant of the power generation element 9 (insulator (dielectric)), the higher the energy conversion efficiency and the power can be extracted at a high voltage. Is less than the lower limit, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and the voltage of the obtained power may be low.

  The power generation element 9 (insulator (dielectric)) is electrically polarized by a change in temperature. The electrical polarization may be any of electronic polarization, ion polarization, and orientation polarization.

  For example, it is expected that a material that exhibits polarization by orientation polarization (for example, a liquid crystal material) can improve power generation efficiency by changing its molecular structure.

  The power receiving unit 3 is a unit to which power extracted from the power generating element 9 is supplied, and includes a power receiving capacitor 10 and a bridge diode 11.

  The power receiving capacitor 10 is a device that receives and stores the electric power extracted from the power generation element 9, and is electrically connected to the power generation element 9 via the bridge diode 11.

  The bridge diode 11 is a rectifier including four diodes, and converts an AC voltage obtained from the power generation element 9 into a DC voltage, and rectifies the current between the power generation element 9 and the power receiving capacitor 10. Intervened.

  As such a bridge diode 11, a known bridge diode device can be adopted.

  The main line 4 is a pair of conductive wires configured to connect the power generation unit 2 and the power reception unit 3, and one end (left side in FIG. 1) is connected to the power generation unit 2 and the other side ( The right end in FIG. 1 is connected to the power receiving unit 3.

  The main line 4 includes a main line switch 14.

  The main line switch 14 is a switch for controlling (direction determining) the current flow in the main line 4, and is provided for each of the pair (two) of main line opening / closing mechanisms 15 and the pair of main line opening / closing mechanisms 15. The main line rectifier circuit 16 is connected in parallel to the main line rectifier circuit 16.

  In the following description, when distinguishing between the two main line opening / closing mechanisms 15 and the main line rectifying circuit 16, the main line opening / closing mechanism 15 and the main line rectifying circuit 16 on one side (left side in FIG. 1) are connected to the main line opening / closing mechanism. 15A and main line rectifier circuit 16A. Further, the main line switching mechanism 15 and the main line rectifier circuit 16 on the other side (the right side in FIG. 1) with respect to one side are referred to as a main line switching mechanism 15B and a main line rectifier circuit 16B.

  The pair (two) main line opening / closing mechanisms 15 are publicly known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are adjacent to each other on the power generation unit 2 side with respect to the first power storage unit 6 with an interval therebetween.

  The main line opening / closing mechanism 15 is interposed in the main line 4.

  The main line rectifier circuit 16 includes a bypass conductor connected to the main line 4 so as to straddle the main line opening / closing mechanism 15 and a diode interposed in the conductor.

  The diode is provided to regulate the direction of current flow in the main line 4.

  More specifically, the diode provided in the main line rectifier circuit 16A is a first direction (clockwise in FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)) in the circuit formed by the power generation unit 2, the main line 4, and the power reception unit 3. ) Current and the current in the second direction (the counterclockwise direction in FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)), which is the reverse of the first direction, is allowed.

  On the other hand, the diode provided in the main line rectifier circuit 16B allows a current in the first direction (clockwise in FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)) in the circuit connecting the power generation unit 2, the main line 4, and the power reception unit 3. , So as to block the current in the second direction (leftward in FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)).

  In such a main line switch 14, the direction of the current flowing through the main line 4 is regulated by opening / closing the main line opening / closing mechanism 15.

  That is, when the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A is in the open state and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is in the closed state, the current causes the main line rectifier circuit 16A to bypass the open main line opening / closing mechanism 15A. pass. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the main line 4 is determined by the diode interposed in the main line rectifier circuit 16A.

  When the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A is in the closed state and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is in the open state, the current passes through the main line rectifier circuit 16B so as to bypass the open main line opening / closing mechanism 15B. pass. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the main line 4 is determined by the diode interposed in the main line rectifier circuit 16B.

  When both the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B are in the open state, current cannot pass through the main line switch 14, and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B When both are closed, the current can pass through the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B without being restricted in direction.

  The first power storage unit 6 includes a first sub conductor 5 connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires 4 and a coil 20 interposed between the first sub wires 5.

  The first sub conductor 5 is a conductor laid between the main wires 4, and one side (the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 1) is an intermediate portion on one side of the pair of main wires 4 (the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 1). The other end (the lower side in the drawing in FIG. 1) is connected to the middle portion of the other side (the lower side in the drawing in FIG. 1) of the pair of main lines 4.

  The first sub conductor 5 is provided with a first sub conductor switch 17.

  The first sub conductor switch 17 is a switch for controlling (direction determining) the flow of current in the first sub conductor 5, and includes a pair of (two) first sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 18 and a pair of first sub conductor switches. The first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 19 is connected in parallel to each of the auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 18.

  In the following description, when the two first sub-conductor opening / closing mechanisms 18 and the first sub-conductor rectifying circuit 19 are distinguished, the first sub-conductor opening / closing mechanism 18 and the first sub-conductor rectification on one side (the upper side in FIG. 1). The circuit 19 is a first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A and a first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 19A. Further, the first sub-conductor opening / closing mechanism 18 and the first sub-conductor rectifying circuit 19 on the other side (the lower side in FIG. 1) with respect to one side are referred to as a first sub-conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B and a first sub-conductor rectifying circuit 19B. .

  The pair (two) of first sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 18 are known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are arranged at intervals in the middle of the first sub conductor 5 so as to sandwich the coil 20. .

  The first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18 is interposed in the first sub conductor 5.

  The first auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 19 includes a bypass conductor connected to the first auxiliary conductor 5 so as to straddle the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 18, and a diode interposed in the conductor.

  The diode is provided to restrict the direction of current flow in the first sub conductor 5.

  More specifically, the diode provided in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19A blocks the current in the first direction of the first sub-conductor 5 (the direction from the top to the bottom in FIG. 1 (see the arrow in FIG. 1)). The second direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 1 (see the arrow in FIG. 1)), which is the reverse of the first direction, is provided to allow current.

  On the other hand, the diode provided in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19B allows the current in the first direction (the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)) in the first sub-conductor 5 and the second direction. It is provided so as to block the current in the direction from the bottom of FIG. 1 to the top (see the arrow in FIG. 1).

  In such a first sub conductor switch 17, the direction of the current flowing through the first sub conductor 5 is regulated by opening and closing of the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18.

  That is, when the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A is in the open state and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is in the closed state, the current bypasses the open first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A. It passes through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19A. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the first sub-conductor 5 is determined by the diode interposed in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19A.

  Further, when the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A is in the closed state and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is in the open state, the current bypasses the open first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B. It passes through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19B. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the first sub-conductor 5 is determined by the diode interposed in the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19B.

  When both the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A and the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B are in the open state, no current can pass through the first auxiliary conductor switch 17, and the first auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism When both 18A and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B are in the closed state, the current can pass through the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B without being restricted in direction.

  The coil 20 is a known coil employed in an electric circuit, and is provided so as to be interposed between the first sub conductor 5 between the pair of first sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 18.

  The number of turns of the coil 20 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.

  The second power storage unit 8 is a power storage unit connected in parallel to the first power storage unit 6, and has a second sub-conductor 7 connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires 4, and the second sub-conductor 7 and a capacitor 21 interposed therebetween.

  The second sub-conductor 7 is a conductor that spans between the main wires 4 in parallel with the first sub-conductor 5, and one end (upper side in the drawing in FIG. 1) is one end of the pair of main wires 4. 1 is connected to the middle part of the side (upper side of the paper in FIG. 1), and the other side (lower side of the paper in FIG. 1) is connected to the middle part of the other side of the pair of main lines 4 (lower side of the paper in FIG. 1). Has been.

  Such a second auxiliary conductor 7 is connected to the power receiving unit 3 side of the first auxiliary conductor 5 in FIG.

  The second sub conductor 7 includes a second sub conductor switch 22.

  The second sub conductor switch 22 is a switch for controlling (direction determining) the flow of current in the second sub conductor 7, and includes a pair (two) of second sub conductor opening / closing mechanisms 23 and a pair of second conductor switches. The second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24 is connected in parallel to each of the auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 23.

  In the following description, when the two second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 23 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24 are distinguished, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier on one side (the upper side in FIG. 1). The circuit 24 is a second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A and a second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24A. Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23 and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24 on the other side (the lower side in FIG. 1) with respect to the one side are referred to as a second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B and a second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24B. .

  The pair (two) of second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanisms 23 are known circuit opening / closing mechanisms, and are arranged at intervals in the middle of the second auxiliary conductor 7 so as to sandwich the capacitor 21 therebetween. .

  The second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23 is interposed in the second auxiliary conductor 7.

  The second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24 includes a bypass conductor connected to the second auxiliary conductor 7 so as to straddle the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23, and a diode interposed in the conductor.

  The diode is provided to restrict the direction of current flow in the second sub conductor 7.

  More specifically, the diode provided in the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 24A allows a current in the first sub-conductor 7 in the first direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 1 (see the arrow in FIG. 1)). The second direction (the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 1 (refer to the arrow in FIG. 1)), which is the reverse of the first direction, is provided to prevent current.

  On the other hand, the diode provided in the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 24B blocks the current in the first direction (the direction from the bottom to the top of FIG. 1 (see arrow in FIG. 1)) in the second sub-conductor 7 and the second direction. It is provided so as to allow current in the direction from the top to the bottom of FIG. 1 (see the arrow in FIG. 1).

  In such a second auxiliary conductor switch 22, the direction of the current flowing through the second auxiliary conductor 7 is restricted by opening and closing of the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23.

  That is, when the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A is in the open state and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is in the closed state, the current bypasses the open second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A. It passes through the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24A. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the second sub conductor 7 is determined by the diode interposed in the second sub conductor rectifier circuit 24A.

  Further, when the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A is in the closed state and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is in the open state, the current bypasses the opened second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B. It passes through the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24B. In such a case, the direction of the current flowing through the second sub conductor 7 is determined by the diode interposed in the second sub conductor rectifier circuit 24B.

  When both of the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B are in the open state, current cannot pass through the second auxiliary conductor switch 22, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism When both 23A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B are in the closed state, the current can pass through the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B without being restricted in direction.

  The capacitor 21 is a known capacitor employed in an electric circuit, and is provided between the pair of second sub-conductor opening / closing mechanisms 23 so as to be interposed in the first sub-conductor 7 and accumulates electric energy. It is possible.

  The electrostatic capacity of the capacitor 21 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately set according to the purpose and application.

  Such a power generation circuit 1 is preferably used in a power generation system 31 described below, specifically, in a power generation system 31 that extracts power from the power generation element 9 and supplies the power to the power receiving unit 3.

  In FIG. 2, the power generation system 31 includes the above-described power generation circuit 1, a heat source 32 that raises and lowers the temperature of the power generation element 9 in the power generation circuit 1 over time, and temperature detection means that detects the temperature of the power generation element 9. A temperature sensor 33, a voltage sensor 35 as voltage detection means for detecting the voltage of the power generation element 9, and a control unit as control means for controlling each switch of the power generation circuit 1 based on detection by the temperature sensor 33 and the voltage sensor 35 34. In FIG. 2, the power generation circuit 1 is simplified and schematically illustrated.

  The heat source 32 is not particularly limited as long as the temperature rises and falls over time, and examples thereof include various energy utilization devices such as an internal combustion engine and a light emitting device.

  An internal combustion engine is a device that outputs power, for example, for a vehicle. For example, a single cylinder type or a multi-cylinder type is adopted, and a multi-cycle type (for example, a 2-cycle type, a 4-cycle type) is used in each cylinder. System, 6-cycle system, etc.) are employed.

  In such an internal combustion engine, pistons are repeatedly moved up and down in each cylinder. For example, in a 4-cycle system, an intake process, a compression process, an explosion process, an exhaust process, and the like are sequentially performed, and fuel is discharged. It is burned and power is output.

  In such an internal combustion engine, in the exhaust process, high-temperature exhaust gas is exhausted through an exhaust gas pipe, heat energy is transmitted using the exhaust gas as a heat medium, and the internal temperature of the exhaust gas pipe rises.

  On the other hand, in the other steps (steps excluding the exhaust step), the amount of exhaust gas in the exhaust gas pipe is reduced, so that the internal temperature of the exhaust gas pipe decreases compared to the exhaust process.

  As described above, the temperature of the internal combustion engine rises in the exhaust process and falls in the intake process, the compression process, and the explosion process, that is, rises and falls over time.

  In particular, since each of the above steps is periodically and sequentially repeated according to the piston cycle, the inside of the exhaust gas pipe of each cylinder in the internal combustion engine is periodically cycled with the repetition cycle of each of the above steps. A temperature change, more specifically, a high temperature state and a low temperature state are periodically repeated.

  When the light emitting device is turned on (emission light), for example, light such as infrared rays and visible light is used as a heat medium, and the temperature rises due to the heat energy. Therefore, the temperature of the light emitting device increases and decreases over time by turning on (emitting) and turning off over time.

  In particular, for example, when the light-emitting device is a light-emitting device (blinking (flashing) type light-emitting device) in which lighting is turned on and off intermittently over time, the light-emitting device is turned on (light-emitting). Due to the thermal energy of the light, a temperature change periodically, more specifically, a high temperature state and a low temperature state are periodically repeated.

  Further, as the heat source 32, for example, a plurality of heat sources can be provided, and a temperature change can be caused by switching between the plurality of heat sources.

  More specifically, for example, two heat sources, a low-temperature heat source (such as a coolant) and a high-temperature heat source (eg, a heating material) having a higher temperature than the low-temperature heat source, are prepared as the heat source. A mode in which a low-temperature heat source and a high-temperature heat source are alternately switched is used.

  Thereby, the temperature as a heat source can be raised or lowered with time, and in particular, the temperature can be periodically changed by periodically switching the low-temperature heat source and the high-temperature heat source.

  Although it does not restrict | limit especially as the heat source 32 provided with the several heat source which can be switched, For example, the hot air provided with the combustion low temperature air supply system, the thermal storage heat exchanger, the high temperature gas exhaust system, and the supply / exhaust switching valve Combustion furnace (for example, a high-temperature gas generator described in Republished No. 96-5474), for example, a seawater exchange device (hydrogen storage alloy actuator-type seawater exchange device) using a high-temperature heat source, a low-temperature heat source, and a hydrogen storage alloy Is mentioned.

  As these heat sources 32, the said heat source can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types.

  The heat source 32 is preferably a heat source that periodically changes in temperature with time.

  The heat source 32 is preferably an internal combustion engine.

  Such a heat source 32 is disposed in contact with or close to the power generation element 9 in order to heat and / or cool the power generation element 9.

  The temperature sensor 33 is provided close to or in contact with the power generation element 9 in order to detect the temperature of the power generation element 9. The temperature sensor 33 directly detects the surface temperature of the power generation element 9 as the temperature of the power generation element 9 or detects the ambient temperature around the power generation element 9. As the temperature sensor 33, for example, a known temperature sensor such as an infrared radiation thermometer or a thermocouple thermometer is used.

  The voltage sensor 35 is a sensor for detecting the voltage of the power generation element 9, and is electrically connected to the main line 4 so as to straddle the power generation element 9. The voltage sensor 35 is not particularly limited, and a known sensor is used.

  The control unit 34 is a unit (for example, ECU: Electronic Control Unit) that performs electrical control in the power generation system 31, and is configured by a microcomputer including a CPU, a ROM, a RAM, and the like.

  The control unit 34 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 33, the voltage sensor 35, the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 (see broken lines). As a result, as will be described in detail later, the main line switch 14, the first line switch 14, and the second switch 14 are changed according to the temperature of the power generation element 9 detected by the temperature sensor 33 and the voltage of the power generation element 9 detected by the voltage sensor 35. The first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled, so that each conductor in the power generation circuit 1 can be opened and closed.

  In the power generation system 31, if necessary, the capacitor 21 is provided with a voltage sensor (not shown), and the voltage (charged state) of the capacitor 21 is monitored.

  In order to generate power with such a power generation system 31, for example, first, the temperature of the heat source 32 is changed over time, preferably periodically, and the power generation element 9 is heated and / or heated by the heat source 32. Cooling.

  The temperature of the heat source 32 is, for example, 200 to 1200 ° C., preferably 700 to 900 ° C. in the high temperature state, and the temperature in the low temperature state is less than the temperature in the high temperature state, more specifically, for example, 100 to 800 ° C, preferably 200 to 500 ° C, and the temperature difference between the high temperature state and the low temperature state is, for example, 10 to 600 ° C, preferably 20 to 500 ° C.

  Moreover, the repetition period of these high temperature states and low temperature states is, for example, 10 to 400 cycles / second, preferably 30 to 100 cycles / second.

  And according to such a temperature change, Preferably, the above-mentioned electric power generation element 9 is electrically polarized periodically.

  More specifically, when a piezo element is used as the power generation element 9, for example, the piezo element is fixed by a fixing member and contacts the heat source 32 or transmits heat from the heat source 32. It arrange | positions so that it may contact (exposure) to a heat medium (exhaust gas mentioned above, light, etc.). The piezo element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) as described above) due to the temperature change of the heat source 32 with time, and thereby expands or contracts. At this time, since the volume expansion of the piezo element is suppressed by the fixing member, the piezo element is pressed by the fixing member and is electrically polarized by the piezo effect (piezoelectric effect) or phase transformation near the Curie point. .

  In addition, such a piezo element is normally maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when its temperature becomes constant (that is, a constant volume), the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated, Again, it is electrically polarized. Therefore, as described above, when the temperature of the heat source 32 periodically changes and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the piezoelectric element is periodically heated and cooled. Electrical polarization and its neutralization are repeated periodically.

  When a pyroelectric element is used as the power generation element, the pyroelectric element contacts the heat source 32 or contacts a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) that transmits heat from the heat source 32 ( To be exposed). In such a case, the pyroelectric element is heated or cooled (possibly via a heat medium (exhaust gas, light, etc.) as described above) due to the temperature change of the heat source 32 with time, and the pyroelectric effect (first The electric polarization is caused by the first effect and the second effect.

  Also, such pyroelectric elements are usually maintained in a heated state or a cooled state, and when the temperature becomes constant, the electric polarization is neutralized, and then cooled or heated again to be electrically polarized again. . Therefore, when the temperature of the heat source 32 periodically changes as described above and the high temperature state and the low temperature state are periodically repeated, the pyroelectric element is periodically heated and cooled. The electrical polarization of the element and its neutralization are repeated periodically.

  In this way, the temperature of the power generation element 9 changes with time, and the electric power generation element 9 is electrically polarized in accordance with the temperature change. More specifically, in the power generation system 31, when the power generation element 9 is heated and the temperature rises, a positive voltage is generated in the power generation element 9, and when the power generation element 9 is cooled and the temperature decreases. A negative voltage is generated in the power generation element 9.

  On the other hand, in such a power generation system 31, in order to generate power more efficiently, it is required to apply a voltage to the power generation element 9 according to the temperature state of the power generation element 9.

  Therefore, as shown below, the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled by the control unit 34, and a voltage is applied to the power generating element 9 by the electric power generated by the power generating element 9. .

  More specifically, in the power generation system 31, first, the power generation element 9 is heated to raise the temperature, thereby generating a positive voltage in the power generation element 9.

  (1) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 3, when the temperature decrease of the power generation element 9 is started, the current derived from the positive voltage in the power generation element 9 is changed in the first direction of the main line 4 and The main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled so as to flow along the first direction of the first sub conductor 5 and accumulate energy in the coil 20 (first control). State).

  More specifically, in the power generation system 31, the temperature of the power generation element 9 is continuously measured by the temperature sensor 33 together with the heating and / or cooling by the heat source 32 described above, and the power generation element 9 is in a temperature-up state. Or whether the temperature is falling.

  For example, when the temperature of the power generation element 9 detected by the temperature sensor 33 rises by a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 ° C./s) or more, the temperature rise state (temperature rise). In addition, when the temperature of the power generation element 9 is lowered by a predetermined value (for example, 0.2 ° C./s), it is detected that the temperature is falling (during temperature reduction). .

  Then, at the timing when it is detected that the temperature drop of the power generating element 9 has started, the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A of the main line switch 14 is closed and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is opened.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is closed, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is opened.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is opened.

  Thereby, the power generation element 9 and the coil 20 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 9 and the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 are electrically disconnected.

  As a result, a current derived from the positive voltage in the power generation element 9 flows through the main line rectifier circuit 16B and the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19B. That is, the current flows along the first direction of the main line 4 and the first direction of the first sub conductor 5, magnetic flux is generated in the coil 20, and energy is accumulated (see the thick line in FIG. 3).

  (2) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 4, a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element 9 during the temperature drop of the power generation element 9, and when the voltage value reaches a predetermined value, the coil 20 So that the current derived from the energy accumulated in the first sub-conductor 5 flows along the first direction of the first sub-conductor 5 and the first direction of the second sub-conductor 7 and energy is stored in the capacitor 21. The switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled (second control state).

  More specifically, after controlling the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17, and the second sub conductor switch 22 as in (1) above, if the cooling of the power generating element 9 is further continued, the power generating element 9 Is electrically polarized and a negative voltage is generated.

  On the other hand, since the power generating element 9 is normally subjected to polling processing, it may be damaged if a negative voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined value (threshold value) is generated in the power generating element 9. The predetermined value is appropriately set according to the type of the power generating element 9 and the polling processing method.

  Therefore, first, when it is determined that the voltage value (negative voltage) of the power generating element 9 detected by the voltage sensor 35 has reached a predetermined value, the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A of the main line switch 14 is opened, and the main The line opening / closing mechanism 15B is opened.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is closed, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is opened.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is closed.

  Thereby, the coil 20 and the capacitor | condenser 21 are electrically connected, and the coil 20, the capacitor | condenser 21, and the electric power generation element 9 are electrically cut | disconnected.

  As a result, the current supply from the power generating element 9 to the coil 20 is stopped, and the magnetic flux of the coil 20 is eliminated. At this time, an induced current is generated in the coil 20 so as to prevent a change in magnetic flux (Lenz's law). The generated induced current flows through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19B and the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 24A, and is stored in the capacitor 21. That is, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil 20 flows along the first direction of the first sub conductor 5 and the first direction of the second sub conductor 7, and the energy is accumulated in the capacitor 21 ( (See thick line in FIG. 4).

  (3) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 5, the current derived from the negative voltage generated in the power generation element 9 during the temperature decrease of the power generation element 9 is reversed in the first direction of the main line 4. The main line switch 14, the first sub-conductor switch 17, and the second sub-conductor so that energy flows into the capacitor 21 and flows along the second direction, which is the direction, and the first direction of the second sub-conductor 7. The switch 22 is controlled (third control state).

  That is, as described above, when the cooling of the power generation element 9 is continued, a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element 9. On the other hand, since the power generating element 9 is normally subjected to polling processing, it may be damaged if a negative voltage equal to or lower than a predetermined value (threshold value) is generated in the power generating element 9.

  Therefore, the main line switching of the main line switch 14 is performed so that the voltage value (negative voltage) of the power generation element 9 detected by the voltage sensor 35 does not exceed a predetermined value (that is, an excessive negative voltage does not occur). The mechanism 15A is opened and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is closed.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is opened.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is closed.

  As a result, the power generation element 9 and the capacitor 21 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 9 and the capacitor 21 and the coil 20 are electrically disconnected.

  As a result, a current derived from the negative voltage generated in the power generation element 9 flows through the main line rectifier circuit 16A and the second auxiliary conductor rectifier circuit 24A. That is, the current flows along the second direction of the main line 4 and the first direction of the second auxiliary conductor 7, and energy is accumulated in the capacitor 21 (see the thick line in FIG. 5).

  (4) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 6, the current derived from the energy accumulated in the capacitor 21 is generated in the first direction of the first sub conductor 5 at the start of the temperature rise of the power generation element 9. The main line switch 14, the first line switch 14, the second line 7, and the second direction of the second auxiliary conductor 7, and a second direction that is the reverse direction of the first direction of the second auxiliary conductor 7, so that energy is stored in the coil 20. The first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled (fourth control state).

  That is, in this power generation system 31, when the power generation element 9 is heated, a voltage is applied to the power generation element 9 to improve power generation efficiency. The main line opening / closing mechanism 15A of the line switch 14 is opened, and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is opened.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is closed.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is closed, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is opened.

  Thereby, the coil 20 and the capacitor | condenser 21 are electrically connected, and the coil 20, the capacitor | condenser 21, and the electric power generation element 9 are electrically cut | disconnected.

  As a result, a current derived from the energy stored in the capacitor 21 flows through the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19A and the second sub-conductor rectifier circuit 24B. That is, the current flows along the second direction of the first sub conductor 5 and the second direction of the second sub conductor 7, and magnetic flux is generated in the coil 20 to accumulate energy (see the thick line in FIG. 6).

  (5) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 7, during the temperature rise of the power generation element 9, the current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil 20 is changed in the second direction of the main line 4 and The main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17, and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled so as to flow along the second direction of the first sub conductor 5 and to apply a positive voltage to the power generation element 9 ( (5th control state).

  More specifically, the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17, and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled as in (4) above, and the voltage of the capacitor 21 is monitored by a voltage sensor (not shown).

  For example, at the timing when the voltage of the capacitor 21 becomes 0 V (that is, the timing at which all the energy of the capacitor 21 is accumulated in the coil 20), the main line opening / closing mechanism 15A of the main line switch 14 is opened, The main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is closed.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is closed.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is opened.

  Thereby, the power generation element 9 and the coil 20 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 9 and the coil 20 and the capacitor 21 are electrically disconnected.

  As a result, the current supply from the capacitor 21 to the coil 20 is stopped, and the magnetic flux of the coil 20 is eliminated. At this time, an induced current is generated in the coil 20 so as to prevent a change in magnetic flux (Lenz's law). At this time, if a negative voltage remains in the power generation element 9, a current derived from the negative voltage flows from the power generation element 9 toward the coil 20, and generates a magnetic flux in the coil 20. The induced current thus generated flows through the main line rectifier circuit 16A and the first sub-conductor rectifier circuit 19A (see the thick line in FIG. 7).

  As a result, a current generated by the coil 20 flows along the second direction of the main line 4 and the second direction of the first sub conductor 5, and a positive voltage is applied to the power generation element 9. As a result, the power generating element 9 is efficiently electrically polarized and a positive voltage is generated.

  (6) Next, in the power generation system 31, as shown in FIG. 8, the current derived from the positive voltage generated in the power generation element 9 is increased in the first direction of the main line 4 while the temperature of the power generation element 9 is rising. The main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17, and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled so that the current flows through the power receiving unit 3 (sixth control state).

  More specifically, after controlling the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17 and the second sub conductor switch 22 as described in (5) above, and applying a voltage to the power generating element 9, at an arbitrary timing, The main line opening / closing mechanism 15A of the main line switch 14 is closed and the main line opening / closing mechanism 15B is opened.

  Further, the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18A of the first sub conductor switch 17 is opened, and the first sub conductor opening / closing mechanism 18B is opened.

  Further, the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23A of the second auxiliary conductor switch 22 is opened, and the second auxiliary conductor opening / closing mechanism 23B is opened.

  Thereby, the power generation element 9 and the power receiving unit 3 are electrically connected, and the power generation element 9, the coil 20, and the capacitor 21 are electrically disconnected.

  As a result, the current generated by the power generation element 9 flows along the first direction of the main line 4, is rectified by the bridge diode 11 of the power reception unit 3, and is supplied to the power reception capacitor 10 of the power reception unit 3 (FIG. 8) reference).

  The timing at which the current generated by the power generation element 9 is supplied to the power reception capacitor 10 of the power reception unit 3 is not particularly limited, and depends on the temperature state of the power generation element 9 (for example, the length of time to be heated). It may be determined or may be determined according to the voltage state of the power generation element 9.

  When the power generating element 9 is cooled and heated again, the main line switch 14, the first sub conductor switch 17, and the second sub conductor switch 22 are controlled as in (1) above, and the above (1). The process of (6) is repeated. Thereby, electric power is taken out from the power generation element 9 and the electric power is supplied to the power receiving unit 3.

  According to the power generation circuit 1 and the power generation system 31 as described above, it is possible to apply a voltage to the power generation element 9 using energy generated in the power generation unit 2. Electric power can be taken out efficiently.

  Therefore, such a power generation system 31 is not particularly limited, but is mounted on, for example, an automobile. In such a case, the power generation element 9 is disposed, for example, inside or on the surface of the branch pipe in the exhaust manifold of the automobile, and the automobile engine and exhaust gas are used as the heat source 32. Then, the temperature of the exhaust gas is increased or decreased over time according to the combustion cycle of the engine, the power generation element 9 is heated and / or cooled, and the power generation system 31 generates power. The obtained electric power may be stored in a battery, may be used in an electric load device such as a headlight, and may be used as power for an automobile.

  In the above description, the power receiving unit 3 includes the capacitor (power receiving capacitor 10) as a device that receives the power generated by the power generation element 9, but the power generated by the power generation element 9 is stored or used. If it is a device, it will not restrict | limit in particular, It can replace with the receiving capacitor 10, and can also provide electrical storage devices, such as a battery, and electric load devices, such as a lighting device. Although not shown, the electric power generation circuit 1 may include a known electric device such as a booster, a voltage converter, or an inductor at an arbitrary place as necessary.

  In the above description, the voltage is applied to the power generation element 9 at the timing when the voltage of the capacitor 21 becomes 0 V. However, the timing at which the voltage is applied is not particularly limited, and the temperature state of the power generation element 9 ( For example, it may be determined according to the length of time to be heated, etc.), or may be determined according to the voltage state of the power generating element 9.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Power generation circuit 2 Power generation unit 3 Power receiving unit 4 Main line 5 1st subconductor 6 First power storage unit 7 Second subconductor 8 Second power storage unit 9 Power generation element 14 Main line switch 17 1st subconductor switch 19 2nd subconductor Switch 20 Coil 21 Capacitor

Claims (3)

A power generation unit including a power generation element that is electrically polarized as the temperature is increased or decreased over time;
A power receiving unit to which power extracted from the power generation element is supplied;
A pair of main lines configured to connect the power generation unit and the power reception unit;
A first power storage unit comprising a first sub-conductor connected so as to bridge between a pair of the main wires, and a coil interposed in the first sub-conductor;
A second power storage unit provided in parallel with the first power storage unit, the second power storage unit connected so as to bridge between the pair of main wires, and a capacitor interposed between the second power wires;
A main line switch provided in the main line, for controlling a current flow in the main line;
A first sub-conductor switch provided in the first sub-conductor for controlling a current flow in the first sub-conductor;
A power generation circuit, comprising: a second sub conductor switch provided on the second sub conductor and for controlling a current flow in the second sub conductor. A power generation circuit according to claim 1;
A heat source for raising and lowering the temperature of the power generation element over time;
Temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the power generating element;
Voltage detection means for detecting the voltage of the power generation element;
And a control means for controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch based on detection by the temperature detector and the voltage detector. system. The control means includes
(1) At the start of temperature decrease of the power generation element, a current derived from a positive voltage in the power generation element flows along a first direction of the main line and a first direction of the first sub conductor, and the coil Controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the
(2) Next, a negative voltage is generated in the power generation element during a temperature drop of the power generation element, and when the voltage value reaches a predetermined value, a current derived from energy stored in the coil is The main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor flow so as to flow along the first direction of the sub-conductor and the first direction of the second sub-conductor, and to store energy in the capacitor. Control the lead switch,
(3) Next, during the temperature drop of the power generation element, a current derived from a negative voltage generated in the power generation element is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the main line, and the second sub conductor. The main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch so that energy is stored in the capacitor.
(4) Next, at the start of temperature rise of the power generating element, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the capacitor is in a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the first sub conductor, and the second The main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch are controlled so as to flow along a second direction that is opposite to the first direction of the sub conductor and to store energy in the coil. And
(5) Next, during the temperature rise of the power generating element, a current derived from the energy accumulated in the coil flows along the second direction of the main line and the second direction of the first sub conductor. Controlling the main line switch, the first sub-conductor switch, and the second sub-conductor switch so that a positive voltage is applied to the power generating element,
(6) Next, during the temperature rise of the power generation element, a current derived from a positive voltage generated in the power generation element flows along the first direction of the main line so that the current is supplied to the power receiving unit. The power generation system according to claim 2, wherein the main line switch, the first sub conductor switch, and the second sub conductor switch are controlled.

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