JP2016069893A - Opening part structure of building exterior wall and using method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an opening part structure of a building exterior wall which achieves both solar heat exhaustion and ventilation, and a using method thereof.SOLUTION: An opening part structure (10) of a building exterior wall of the present invention includes: a window (11) having a first window (12) for shielding the upper part of an opening (102) of a building exterior wall (101), and a second window (13) for shielding the lower part of the opening part (102) and which can be opened and closed; and a window shielding member (15) arranged on the inner side of the window (11), having an upper end edge (15A) and a lower end edge (15B) and provided such that the lower end edge (15B) can be vertically displaced.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening structure of a building outer wall and a method of using the same.

  In recent years, airflow windows and double skins have been adopted that include glass provided at the opening of the building's outer wall, blinds that shield solar radiation inside the glass, and glass provided inside the blind. ing. An airflow window and a double skin are systems that reduce heat load by flowing air into a space formed between an outer glass and an inner glass.

  However, since the airflow window and the double skin form an airtight space between the outer glass and the inner glass, there are problems such as high cost. Therefore, as a structure in which no glass is provided on the inside, for example, techniques such as Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-18959 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent No. 2663755 (Patent Document 2) are considered.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a solar shading device characterized in that a blind composed of a plurality of slats is installed inside a window glass, and a screen having transparency is attached to the indoor end of the blind. It is disclosed. In Patent Document 2, an opaque roll screen for shielding sunlight woven with opaque fibers inside a window glass and a transparent roll screen with a low radiation film affixed to each other are provided with a ventilation interval between them. There is disclosed a solar shading device characterized in that these roll screens can be moved up and down individually.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-18959 Japanese Patent No. 2663755

  In the above Patent Documents 1 and 2, in summer, during the time when solar radiation enters the room from the window, the heat accumulated during this period is circulated between the blind or roll screen and the window glass. Are discharged to the outside. However, the present inventor has conceived that it may be beneficial if ventilation can be further performed while exhausting solar heat depending on the opening of the outer wall of the building. And the novel subject of implement | achieving the opening part structure of the building outer wall which makes solar radiation exhaust heat and ventilation compatible is discovered.

  In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is to provide an opening structure of a building outer wall and a method of using the same that make both solar radiation exhaust heat and ventilation.

  The opening structure of the building outer wall according to the present invention includes: a window having a first window that shields an upper portion of the opening of the building outer wall; and a second window that shields a lower portion of the opening and can be opened and closed; And a window shielding member that has an upper end edge and a lower end edge and is provided so that the lower end edge can be displaced in the vertical direction.

  Preferably, the opening structure of the outer wall of the building further includes an exhaust part that discharges air rising along the window to at least one of the inside of the building and the outside of the building.

  Preferably, the opening structure of the outer wall of the building further includes a ridge disposed above the window.

  In the opening structure of the building outer wall, preferably, the window has a height of 1800 mm or more.

  The method of using the opening structure of the building outer wall according to the present invention is a method of using the opening structure of the building outer wall described above, which closes the second window and shields the space facing the first and second windows. The step of positioning the lower edge of the window shielding member to open the second window, shield the space facing the first window, and open the space facing the second window And a step of positioning a lower end edge of the member.

  As described above, the present invention can be applied to the structure of the opening on the outer wall of the building and the method of using the same, which achieves both solar heat exhaust and ventilation.

It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the opening part structure of the building outer wall in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and shows the state currently used in the summer or winter. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the opening part structure of the building outer wall in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and shows the state currently used in the interim period. It is sectional drawing which shows schematically the opening part structure of the building outer wall in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and shows another state currently used in the summer. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the opening part structure of the building outer wall in Embodiment 2 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the opening part structure 10 of the building outer wall which is one embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall includes a window 11, a window shielding member 15, an exhaust part 17, a fan 18, and a gutter 19. The window shielding member 15 is disposed inside the window 11. The exhaust part 17 is disposed above the window 11. The fan 18 is disposed in the exhaust part 17. The ridge 19 is disposed above the window 11.

  The window 11 shields the entire opening 102 of the building outer wall 101, and includes a first window 12 that shields the upper part of the opening 102 of the building outer wall 101, and a second window 13 that shields the lower part of the opening 102. Have. In the present embodiment, the window 11 includes first and second windows 12 and 13, and the first window 12 is provided on the second window 13.

  The first and second windows 12 and 13 include, for example, a window frame and glass attached to the window frame. Glass is transparent and can capture solar radiation.

  The first window 12 is a closed window. For example, a FIX window that cannot be opened or closed may be used, or a window that can be opened or closed may be used. The second window 13 is a window that can be opened and closed, and for example, a side sliding window, an outside fall window, or the like can be used. Alternatively, the window 11 may be a sliding window, the first window 12 and the second window 13 may be fitted on different rails, and the second window 13 may be slid to be opened and closed.

  The window shielding member 15 is disposed along the inside of the window 11 and shields the window 11 and the room inside the building. The window shielding member 15 forms a flow path (hereinafter also referred to as “air layer 14”) through which air flows between the window shielding member 15 and the window 11.

  The window shielding member 15 has an upper end edge 15A and a lower end edge 15B opposite to the upper end edge 15A, and is provided so that the lower end edge 15B can be displaced in the vertical direction. That is, the window shielding member 15 is configured to open from below. For this reason, the window shielding member 15 can arbitrarily adjust the opening area (opening degree) from below.

  As the window shielding member 15, for example, a blind, a gradation blind, a roll screen, a pleated screen, a curtain, or the like can be used. The window shielding member 15 is preferably a material that shields solar radiation, and more preferably a material having high solar reflectance. Further, the window shielding member 15 is configured such that the solar radiation reflectance of the window shielding member 15 disposed at the position facing the second window 13 is the solar radiation of the window shielding member 15 disposed at the position facing the first window 12. The material may be higher than the reflectance.

  In order to displace the lower end edge 15 </ b> B of the window shielding member 15 in the vertical direction, for example, a winding part for winding the window shielding member 15 is disposed in the ceiling surface or the exhaust part 17.

  The exhaust unit 17 is disposed above the first window 12 (above the first window 12 or above the first window 12), and exhausts air to at least one of the inside of the building and the outside of the building, and the outside of the building It is preferable to exhaust air. When the exhaust unit 17 exhausts air to the outside of the building, the exhaust unit 17 is provided, for example, on the ceiling. In the present embodiment, the exhaust part 17 is provided on the first window 12, and its inlet is directly above the air layer 14.

  The exhaust unit 17 is provided with a fan 18 as an air flow mechanism. The fan 18 is, for example, an electric type and is rotatable. The fan 18 may be omitted. Even when the fan 18 is not provided in the exhaust part 17, if the air in the air layer 14 becomes hotter than the air inside the building due to solar heat, the inside of the air layer 14 faces the exhaust part 17 due to the chimney effect. The air moves.

  The scissors 19 are disposed above the first window 12. When the ridge 19 is not disposed, a heat shielding film, a light shielding film, or the like may be formed on the first window 12 from the viewpoint of providing a solar radiation blocking function and a daylighting function according to the season. In this case, it has the same effect as the heel 19.

  In the present embodiment, an air intake portion that sucks air from the inside of the building is omitted, but an air intake portion disposed below the second window 13 may be provided.

  Then, the usage method of the opening part structure 10 of the building outer wall in this Embodiment is demonstrated.

  In summer and winter, as shown in FIG. 1, the lower edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is closed so that the second window 13 is closed and the space facing the first and second windows 12 and 13 is shielded. Position. The lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 preferably forms a gap with the lower end edge of the window frame. In the present embodiment, the lower end edge 15 </ b> B of the window shielding member 15 is located slightly above the lower end edge of the first window 12.

  In summer, the air staying in the air layer 14 rises due to the chimney effect because the air staying in the air layer 14 has higher temperature than the air inside the window shielding member 15 due to solar heat. . For this reason, as shown by the arrow A in FIG. 1, the air inside the window shielding member 15 is supplied to the air layer 14, and the air that has moved up the air layer 14 is discharged from the exhaust unit 17. At this time, if the fan 18 provided in the exhaust part 17 is started, the flow of air in the air layer 14 can be promoted, so that the air flow rate of the air layer 14 increases and the amount of exhaust heat increases in synergy with the chimney effect. be able to. In this way, since air having a high heat quantity in the air layer 14 can be sent to the exhaust part 17, the solar heat can be discharged by the air flow between the window 11 and the window shielding member 15, so the heat load of the opening 102 is reduced. Can be reduced.

  Further, since the window shielding member 15 shields the space facing the first window 12, the solar radiation can be shielded when the window shielding member 15 has a function of shielding the solar radiation. When the ridge 19 is disposed or when a heat shielding film and a light shielding film are formed on the first window 12, it is possible to further shield solar radiation.

  In winter, the surface of the window 11 on the inside of the building is cooled by the cold air outside the building, so that cold air stays in the air layer 14. Since there is a gap between the lower edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 and the floor, warm air on the indoor side of the window shielding member 15 flows into the air layer 14. At this time, when the fan 18 provided in the exhaust part 17 is started, the air in the air layer 14 is attracted upward, and the cold draft is suppressed.

  In addition, in the intermediate period between summer and winter, as shown in FIG. 2, the second window 13 is opened, and the space facing the first window 12 is shielded and the space facing the second window 13. The lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is positioned so as to open. In the present embodiment, the lower edge 15B is positioned so that the boundary between the first window 12 and the second window 13 and the lower edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 are at the same height. The entire first window 12 is shielded by the window shielding member 15, and the entire second window 13 is not shielded by the window shielding member 15. In this step, the lower end edge 15 </ b> B of the window shielding member 15 may be positioned below the first window 12.

  In this step, as shown by an arrow B in FIG. 2, air can be taken into the building from the outside of the building and ventilation is possible. Further, since the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is positioned so that a space facing the second window 13 is opened, even if the second window 13 is opened, the window shielding member 15 is fluttered by wind. Since it can suppress, the damage by the influence of a wind, generation | occurence | production of a sound, etc. can be suppressed in the case of ventilation.

  Further, since the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is located above the lower end edge of the second window 13, as shown by an arrow A, the air on the indoor side of the window shielding member 15 is the air layer 14. Flow into. When the temperature is low, it has the same effect as in winter, and when the temperature is high, it has the same effect as in summer. That is, the heat load can be reduced.

  As described above, in the method of use shown in FIG. 2, the exhaust heat path by the air flow and the ventilation path are separated so as not to cross each other. For this reason, while being able to discharge | emit the heat_generation | fever inside a building which arises from illumination, a human body, etc. by ventilation, since solar radiation heat can be discharged | emitted by an airflow, both solar radiation exhaust heat and ventilation can be made compatible.

  In addition, since the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall in this Embodiment can open and close the 2nd window 13, and the vertical displacement of the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is possible, FIG.1 and FIG.2. Uses other than those shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 may be positioned so that the second window 13 is closed and a space facing the first and second windows 12 and 13 is opened. Good. This process is used in summer, for example. In this case, since the window shielding member 15 does not block the space facing the first and second windows 13, it is possible to capture the brightness due to solar radiation inside the building. For this reason, since the illumination intensity inside a building can be raised, illumination energy can be reduced.

  As described above, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall in the present embodiment is configured to shield the first window 12 that shields the upper part of the opening 102 of the building outer wall 101 and the lower part of the opening 102 and opens and closes it. A window 11 having a possible second window 13, an inner side of the window 11, an upper end edge 15 </ b> A and a lower end edge 15 </ b> B, provided so that the lower end edge 15 </ b> B can be displaced in the vertical direction. And a window shielding member 15.

  According to the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall according to the present embodiment, by opening and closing the second window 13, the outside air can be blocked and the outside air can be taken into the building, that is, can be ventilated. Further, by displacing the lower end edge 15 </ b> B of the window shielding member 15 in the vertical direction, a flow path (air layer 14) through which air flows can be formed between the window 11 and the window shielding member 15. Since air heated by solar heat can flow in the air layer 14, solar heat exhaust can be performed. Therefore, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall according to the present embodiment can achieve both solar radiation exhaust heat and ventilation.

  “Ventilation” means air circulation between the outside of the building and the inside of the building. In the present embodiment, air outside the building is taken into the building as ventilation, and the air inside the building may be discharged outside the building.

  Moreover, in the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall in this Embodiment, the window is not arrange | positioned on the outer side of the window shielding member 15. FIG. For this reason, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall according to the present embodiment can reduce the cost as compared with the air flow window and the double skin that form an airtight space between the outer window and the inner window, and the second structure. It is possible to ventilate by opening the window 13. Therefore, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall in the present embodiment can compensate for the drawbacks of the airflow window and the double skin while having the functions of the airflow window and the double skin.

  As described above, the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall according to the present embodiment includes the solar radiation exhaust heat path by the air layer 14 between the window 11 and the window shielding member 15 and the second openable and closable second provided below. By separating the ventilation path through the window 13, it is possible to achieve both solar heat exhaust and ventilation. For this reason, the opening part structure 10 of the building outer wall of this Embodiment is used suitably for the large sized window 11 with a large solar radiation light receiving area. The large window is, for example, a window having a height of 1800 mm or more, and is preferably a window whose lower end edge is lower than the waist. Large windows have a large light receiving area, so in the summer, high heat quantity of air stays in the vicinity of the windows inside the building due to solar heat, but by applying the opening structure 10 on the outer wall of the present embodiment, The effect of good exhaust heat efficiency in summer is remarkably exhibited.

  Preferably, the opening structure 10 on the outer wall of the building in the present embodiment further includes an exhaust portion 17 that is disposed above the second window 13 and exhausts air to at least one of the inside of the building and the outside of the building. More preferably, the opening structure 10 on the outer wall of the building in the present embodiment further includes an exhaust part 17 that is disposed above the second window 13 and exhausts air to the outside of the building.

  By the exhaust part 17, the air which raised the air layer 14 can be discharged | emitted to at least one inside a building and the building exterior. For this reason, the opening part structure 10 of the building outer wall which realized both solar radiation exhaust heat and ventilation can be implement | achieved.

  Further, by setting the air layer 14 between the window shielding member 15 and the window 11 to a negative pressure by the exhaust part 17, air on the indoor side more easily flows to the air layer 14 than the window shielding member 15, and the air layer 14 air is prevented from leaking indoors from the window shielding member 15. From this viewpoint, it is preferable that the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall in the present embodiment further includes an air flow device such as a fan 18 provided in the exhaust portion 17.

The opening structure 10 on the building outer wall in the present embodiment preferably further includes a ridge 19 disposed above the window 11.

  Thereby, it is possible to block solar radiation in summer. In addition, since the solar altitude is lowered in winter, the solar heat can be used even if the ridge 19 is arranged, so that the heat load can be reduced.

  Moreover, the usage method of the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall of this Embodiment is a usage method of the opening structure 10 of the building outer wall mentioned above, Comprising: As shown in FIG. 1, the 2nd window 13 is closed, And the process (1st process) which positions the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 so that the space which opposes the 1st and 2nd windows 12 and 13 may be shielded, and as shown in FIG. A step (second step) in which the lower end edge 15B of the window shielding member 15 is positioned so that the space facing the first window 12 is opened and the space facing the second window 13 is opened. It has.

  According to the usage method of the opening structure 10 on the building outer wall in the present embodiment, in the first step, the indoor air is supplied to the air layer 14 with respect to the window shielding member 15, so that solar heat is generated in summer. It is effective to suppress cold drafts in winter. In the second step, even if the second window 13 is opened, the space facing the second window 13 in the window shielding member 15 is open. The air can be taken in. Moreover, in the 2nd process, solar heat can be discharged | emitted similarly to the summer of the 1st process.

(Embodiment 2)
As shown in FIG. 4, the building outer wall opening structure 20 according to the second embodiment of the present invention basically has the same configuration as the building outer wall opening structure 10 according to the first embodiment. The difference is that there are a plurality of openings 102A and 102B of the building outer wall 101.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, among the openings 102A and 102B of the building outer wall 101, the second window 13 shields the opening 102A located at the lower part and the opening 102B located at the upper part is designated as the second part. One window 12 is shielded.

  Thus, even when a plurality of openings 102A and 102B of the building outer wall 101 are formed, the opening structure of the building outer wall of the present invention can be applied.

  In the present embodiment, the case where there are two openings on the outer wall of the building has been described as an example, but the number of openings on the outer wall of the building may be three or more. In this case, for example, three or more windows for shielding three or more openings are provided.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above-described embodiment but by the scope of claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims.

  10, 20 Opening structure of building outer wall, 11 window, 12 1st window, 13 2nd window, 14 air layer, 15 window shielding member, 15A upper edge, 15B lower edge, 17 exhaust part, 18 fan, 19庇, 101 Building outer wall, 102, 102A, 102B opening.

Claims (5)

A window having a first window that shields an upper portion of an opening of a building outer wall, and a second window that shields a lower portion of the opening and can be opened and closed;
An opening structure of a building outer wall, comprising a window shielding member disposed inside the window and having an upper end edge and a lower end edge and provided so that the lower end edge can be displaced in a vertical direction.   The opening structure of the building outer wall according to claim 1, further comprising an exhaust part that discharges air rising along the window to at least one of the inside of the building and the outside of the building.   The opening structure of the building outer wall according to claim 1, further comprising a ridge disposed above the window.   The opening structure of the building outer wall according to claim 1, wherein the window has a height of 1800 mm or more. It is a usage method of the opening part structure of the building outer wall of any one of Claims 1-4,
Closing the second window and positioning the lower edge of the window shielding member so as to shield a space facing the first and second windows;
Opening the second window and shielding the space facing the first window and positioning the lower edge of the window shielding member so that the space facing the second window opens. The usage method of the opening part structure of the building outer wall provided.

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