JP2016068183A - Shield device for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shield device for a machine tool which immediately detects abnormality occurring in expanding/retracting motion of a shield device body even when grinding dust or a coolant scatters during operation of a machine tool.SOLUTION: A shield device for a machine tool includes: a shield device body which covers a driving system and may expand or retract; a light emitting part which is disposed at one end in the shield device body and emits sensor light; a light receiving part which is disposed at the other end in the shield device body and receives the sensor light from the light emitting part; and a through-hole or a notch which is formed in the shield device body or a plate body fixed to the shield device body and allows the sensor light to penetrate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a shielding device for a machine tool such as a bellows or a telescopic attached to a machine tool such as a machining center, a dicing machine, a grinding machine, or a laser processing machine or a welding machine.

  Among the above-mentioned various machine tools, for example, when grinding metal with a grinding machine, grinding scraps and coolant liquid are often scattered, and in a dicing machine, semiconductor wafer fragments are scattered, If they adhere to the attached bellows, holes may be formed in the bellows or melt, and foreign objects may enter the bellows from these holes, causing problems with the drive system. There are many. In addition, in the bellows, there is a bellows in which a guide member or the like that slides on a guide portion that is linearly fixed to the machine tool is disposed on the bellows so that the expansion and contraction operation is accurately repeated. When resistance is generated at the sliding contact portion between the portion and the guide member, the bellows may be deformed, and a situation may occur in which an accurate expansion / contraction operation is not ensured. On the other hand, in the telescopic mounted on the above-mentioned various machine tools, although the hole is not opened by the grinding scraps etc., the coolant liquid enters the inside of the telescopic together with the grinding scraps. In many cases, accurate positioning is impossible. If the internal drive system that is shielded by the bellows or the telescopic is hindered, the telescopic operation of the individual protective members constituting the telescopic will also be hindered. There are many cases where the link mechanism is destroyed in a telescopic type in which the link mechanism is deformed or the link mechanism is disposed inside.

  Conventionally, when the above-described bellows is deformed, a structure for detecting the deformation has been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Each of the structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a structure provided in a laser processing machine, and the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 is outside the bellows that repeatedly expands and contracts. A light emitting unit that emits sensor light is provided on one end side of the sensor, and a light receiving unit that receives the sensor light is provided on the other end side of the bellows so that the sensor light emitted from the light emitting unit is blocked by deformation of the bellows. When the light receiving unit does not receive the light, the laser beam transmission is stopped. In the structure disclosed in Patent Document 2, the control device detects whether or not the received light amount of the sensor light is less than a predetermined threshold value in the light receiving unit, and the control device detects the threshold value. If it is determined that the received light amount is less than 1, the laser oscillator is stopped.

JP 2010-274302 A Japanese Patent No. 510094

  However, in the structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the light emitting part and the light receiving part are both arranged outside the bellows, which is a shielding device, and the sensor light is emitted outside the bellows in the expansion and contraction direction of the bellows. However, during operation of the machine tool, a large amount of grinding waste or coolant is generated or used constantly, so there is no problem in the bellows or telescopic expansion / contraction operation as part of the machine tool. Even in this case, the sensor light is blocked by the grinding scraps. Therefore, the structures of Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot be applied to a shielding device such as a bellows or a telescopic for a machine tool.

  Therefore, the present invention has been proposed in order to solve the problems of the above-described conventional machine tool shielding devices such as bellows and telescopic, and grinding scraps and coolant are scattered while the machine tool is moving. Even in such a case, when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body, the state is detected immediately, or a situation in which a fatal damage to the shielding device or machine tool is caused from such a situation should be avoided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel shielding device for machine tools that can be used.

  The present invention has been proposed in order to solve the above problems, and the first invention (the invention according to claim 1) is a drive for driving a moving body such as a machining head or a machining table for machining a workpiece. A machine tool shielding device for covering the drive system of the machine tool from the outside, comprising a system, a control device for controlling the drive system, and a notification device or a power supply device connected to the control device, A shielding device main body that covers the drive system and is made to be extendable, a light emitting unit that is connected to the control device and is disposed at one end of the shielding device main body and emits sensor light, and is connected to the control device. And a light receiving portion that receives the sensor light from the light emitting portion, and a plate that is formed on or fixed to the shielding device body. And above When-out holes or notches pass through the sensor light and is characterized in that it comprises an.

  In the shielding device for a machine tool according to the first aspect, when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body (when deformation occurs), the sensor light emitted from the light emitting unit is Without passing through the notch, it is blocked by the plate and is not received by the light receiving portion. When the control device detects and discriminates that the sensor light is not received by the light receiving part in this way, the drive system such as a motor that drives the table is stopped by the control device, or the notification device is driven, Or a power supply device drives and a machine tool stops.

  Therefore, according to the shielding device for a machine tool according to the first aspect of the present invention, when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body for the machine tool (when deformation occurs), the drive system is stopped. Further, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the shielding device main body and the machine tool are further damaged, and when the notification device is driven, an operator who uses the machine tool recognizes such a situation. It is possible to repair the malfunction at an early stage. In particular, in this shielding device for machine tools, since the light emitting part and the light receiving part are respectively arranged inside the shielding device body, grinding scraps and coolant liquid are scattered while the machine tool is moving. However, there is no adverse effect caused by them, and it is possible to continue to use it stably over a long period of time.

  A second invention (invention according to claim 2) includes a drive system for driving a moving body such as a machining head and a machining table for machining a workpiece, a control device for controlling the drive system, and a control device for the drive system. A shielding device for a machine tool that externally covers the drive system of a machine tool provided with a connected notification device or power supply device, the shield device body covering the drive system and being made extendable, and the control Connected to the device, arranged at one end inside the shielding device main body and emitting a sensor light, and connected to the control device and arranged side by side with the light emitting unit, A light receiving unit that receives sensor light from the light emitting unit, a reflector that is disposed at the other end inside the shielding device main body and reflects the sensor light from the light emitting unit toward the light receiving unit, and the shielding apparatus It is formed on the fixed plate member to be formed in the body or the shielding device main body and is characterized in that it comprises an, if-out hole or notch passing the sensor light.

  The machine tool shielding apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention emits light from the light emitting section when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding apparatus main body (when deformation occurs), as in the first aspect of the invention. The sensor light is blocked by the shielding device main body or plate without passing through the through hole or notch, and is not received by the light receiving unit. When the control device detects and discriminates that the sensor light is not received by the light receiving part in this way, the drive system such as a motor that drives the table is stopped by the control device, or the notification device is driven, Or a power supply device drives and a machine tool stops.

  However, in the shielding device for machine tools according to the second aspect of the invention, the sensor light emitted from the light emitting portion is reflected by the reflecting material and then received by the light receiving portion, and is emitted within the shielding device main body. An abnormal situation of the shielding device main body can be detected by two optical paths, that is, an optical path extending from the reflector to the reflecting member and an optical path extending from the reflecting member to the light receiving portion. In addition, since the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are arranged side by side, it is not only possible to simplify the wiring path for connecting the light emitting unit, the light receiving unit, and the control device. In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent a risk that the wired cable or the like is cut by driving the machine tool.

  A third invention (invention according to claim 3) includes a drive system for driving a moving body such as a machining head and a machining table for machining a workpiece, a control device for controlling the drive system, and the control device. A shielding device for a machine tool that externally covers the drive system of a machine tool having a connected notification device or power supply device, the shield device body covering the drive system and being made extendable and retractable A light emitting unit that is arranged inside the apparatus main body and arranged on the moving body side and emits sensor light by a battery, and is connected to the control apparatus and is inside the shielding apparatus main body and separated from the table A light receiving portion that is disposed at a position and receives the sensor light from the light emitting portion, and a plate that is formed on the shielding device body or fixed to the shielding device body, and passes the sensor light. When-out hole or notch that it is intended to characterized in that it comprises a.

  As in the first and second inventions, the shielding device for machine tools according to the third aspect of the present invention emits the light emission when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body (when deformation occurs). The sensor light emitted from the part does not pass through the through hole or notch, is blocked by the shielding device body or plate, and is not received by the light receiving part. When the control device detects and discriminates that the sensor light is not received by the light receiving part in this way, the drive system such as a motor that drives the table is stopped by the control device, or the notification device is driven, Or a power supply device drives and a machine tool stops.

  However, since the light emitting unit that emits the sensor light is disposed on the moving body side that constitutes the machine tool and emits the sensor light by a battery, it is necessary to connect the light emitting unit and the control device by a cable or the like. Therefore, it is possible to effectively prevent a risk that the wired cable or the like is cut by driving the machine tool.

  According to a fourth invention (invention according to claim 4), in the second invention described above, the sensor light emitted from the light emitting portion is extended or contracted on the movable body side of the shielding device body. A first reflecting material that reflects in a direction orthogonal to the direction, and a second reflecting material that reflects sensor light reflected by the first reflecting material in the direction of the light receiving section, and the second reflecting material. The sensor light reflected by the material is configured to be received by the light receiving portion through an optical path parallel to the optical path from the light emitting portion to the first reflecting material.

  In the machine tool shielding apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the sensor light emitted from the light emitting portion is reflected by the first reflecting material and the second reflecting material arranged on the moving body side of the shielding apparatus body. Is received by the light receiving unit. Accordingly, even in the case of the shielding device for machine tools according to the fourth aspect of the invention, the abnormal situation of the shielding device body can be detected by the two optical paths as in the second aspect of the invention. In particular, in the fourth aspect of the invention, the sensor light reflected by the second reflecting material is received by the light receiving portion through an optical path parallel to the optical path from the light emitting portion to the first reflecting material. Since the optical path of the sensor light from the light emitting section to the first reflecting material and the optical path from the second reflecting material to the light receiving section are parallel to each other, the plate body The through-hole or notch to be formed can be formed easily and with high accuracy.

  According to a fifth invention (invention according to claim 5), in any one of the first, second, and third inventions, the shielding device body includes a top plate portion and a side plate portion, respectively. A telescopic cover body in which a plurality of large and small protective covers are arranged in a nested manner and each of the protective covers is slidable as a whole, and is at least one of the protective covers constituting the telescopic cover body. In other words, a back plate portion is formed as the plate body having a surface formed in a direction orthogonal to the optical path direction of the sensor light, and the through hole or notch through which the sensor light passes is formed on the back. A sensitivity adjusting member formed on the face plate portion, and at least one through hole or notch having an inner diameter shorter than the through hole or notch is formed in any one of the back plate portions, the back plate portion. And is characterized in by comprising removably mounted freely or slidable or pivoted against.

  According to a sixth invention (invention according to claim 6), in any one of the first, second, and third inventions, the shielding device main body is formed with crests and troughs alternately. A shape-retaining plate, which is a plate having a surface formed in a direction orthogonal to the optical path direction of the sensor light, is fixed to the bellows body, and the sensor light passes through the bellows body. A through hole or notch is formed in the shape retaining plate, and at least one through hole or notch having an inner diameter shorter than the through hole or notch is formed in any one of the shape retaining plates. The sensitivity adjusting member is detachably attached to the back plate portion, or is slidably or rotatably attached.

  In the fifth and sixth inventions, at least one of the back plate portion and the shape retaining plate is provided with a sensitivity adjusting member that is removable or slidable with respect to the back plate portion or the shape retaining plate. At least one through-hole or notch having an inner diameter shorter than the above-described through-hole or notch is formed in such a sensitivity adjusting member, and therefore this machine tool shielding device is mounted. Depending on the machine tool, it is possible to adjust the sensitivity of the malfunction of the shielding device body by the sensor light.

  The sensitivity adjusting members constituting the fifth and sixth aspects of the present invention are (1) a sensitivity adjusting member in which one through hole or notch having a different inner diameter (or space through which sensor light passes) is formed. A plurality of prepared and removably attached to the back plate part or the shape retaining plate, (2) A plurality of through holes or notches having different inner diameters (or spaces through which sensor light passes) are formed. A single sensitivity adjustment member is detachably attached to the back plate part or the shape-retaining plate. (3) A plurality of through holes or notches having different inner diameters (or spaces through which sensor light passes). A single sensitivity adjusting member formed with slidably attached to the back plate portion or the shape retaining plate, (4) a plurality of transparent members each having a different inner diameter (or space through which sensor light passes). Holes or notches formed Single sensitivity adjustment member is intended to include those mounted rotatably relative to the back plate portion or the shape retention plate. That is, in the above aspect (1), the sensitivity adjustment member in which the most appropriate through hole or notch is formed among the plurality of sensitivity adjustment members according to the machine tool to which the machine tool shielding device is mounted. Is appropriately selected, and is configured to be attached so that a through hole or a notch formed in advance on the back plate part or the shape retaining plate overlaps with a through hole or a notch of the sensitivity adjusting member, In the aspect of (2), a specific through hole or notch is appropriately selected from a plurality of through holes or notches formed in a single sensitivity adjusting member, and the through hole or notch and the back plate portion or the retaining plate are selected. The shape plate is detachably attached to the back plate portion or the shape retaining plate so that a pre-formed through hole or notch is overlapped with the shape plate, and the aspect (3) is a single sensitivity adjusting member. A specific through hole or notch is formed from a plurality of through holes or notches formed in It is suitably selected and is slidably attached so that the through hole or notch and the through hole or notch formed in advance on the back plate part or the shape retaining plate overlap, and the aspect of (4) A specific through hole or notch is appropriately selected from a plurality of through holes or notches formed in a single sensitivity adjusting member, and the through hole or notch and the back plate part or the shape retaining plate are formed in advance. The through hole or the notch is attached so as to be rotatable. When the sensitivity adjustment member is configured according to the above aspects (3) and (4), the sensitivity adjustment member that is slid or rotated is displaced due to vibration caused by driving of the machine tool or other vibrations. It is preferable to provide a lock mechanism that appropriately regulates the displacement of the sensitivity adjusting member so as not to occur.

  According to the shielding device for machine tools according to the first invention (invention of claim 1), when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body for the machine tool (when deformation occurs), By stopping the drive system, it is possible to avoid a situation that causes further fatal damage to the shielding device or the machine tool. When the notification device is driven, such a situation is used by using the machine tool. The operator can recognize and repair the defect at an early stage. In particular, in this shielding device for machine tools, since the light emitting part and the light receiving part are respectively arranged inside the shielding device body, grinding scraps and coolant liquid are scattered while the machine tool is moving. However, there is no adverse effect caused by them, and it is possible to continue to use it stably over a long period of time.

  Further, even in the case of the machine tool shielding apparatus according to the second invention (invention of claim 2), as in the case of the first invention, when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding apparatus body ( In the case of deformation), it is possible to avoid a situation in which fatal damage to the shielding device main body or machine tool is further prevented by stopping the drive system, and when the notification device is driven Such a situation can be recognized by an operator using the machine tool, and the defect can be repaired at an early stage. In particular, in this shielding device for machine tools, since the light emitting part and the light receiving part are respectively arranged inside the shielding device body, grinding scraps and coolant liquid are scattered while the machine tool is moving. However, there is no adverse effect caused by them, and it is possible to continue to use it stably over a long period of time.

  In particular, in the second aspect of the invention, the sensor light emitted from the light emitting part is reflected by the reflecting material and then received by the light receiving part, and from the light emitting part to the reflecting material in the shielding device body. An abnormal situation of the shielding device main body can be detected by two optical paths, that is, an optical path and an optical path from the reflector to the light receiving unit. In addition, since the light emitting unit and the light receiving unit are arranged side by side, it is not only possible to simplify the wiring path for connecting the light emitting unit, the light receiving unit, and the control device. In addition, it is possible to effectively prevent a risk that the wired cable or the like is cut by driving the machine tool.

  Further, in the shielding device for machine tools according to the third invention (the invention according to claim 3), as in the first and second inventions described above, when an abnormality occurs in the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body ( When the deformation occurs, the sensor light emitted from the light emitting unit is blocked by the shielding device body or the plate body without passing through the through hole or notch, and is not received by the light receiving unit. When the control device detects and discriminates that the sensor light is not received by the light receiving part in this way, the drive system such as a motor that drives the table is stopped by the control device, or the notification device is driven, Or a power supply device drives and a machine tool stops.

  In particular, in the machine tool shielding apparatus according to the third aspect of the invention, the light emitting unit that emits the sensor light is disposed on the moving body side that constitutes the machine tool and emits the sensor light from the battery. There is no need to connect the unit and the control device or the like with a cable or the like, and it is possible to effectively prevent the risk that the wired cable or the like will be cut by driving the machine tool.

  Further, even in the case of the machine tool shielding apparatus according to the fourth invention (invention of claim 4), as in the second invention, the abnormal situation of the shielding apparatus main body is caused by two optical paths. Can be detected. In particular, in the fourth aspect of the invention, the sensor light reflected by the second reflecting material is received by the light receiving portion through an optical path parallel to the optical path from the light emitting portion to the first reflecting material. Since the optical path of the sensor light from the light emitting section to the first reflecting material and the optical path from the second reflecting material to the light receiving section are parallel to each other, the plate body The through-hole or notch to be formed can be formed easily and with high accuracy.

  Moreover, in the shielding device for machine tools according to the fifth invention (the invention according to the fifth aspect) and the sixth invention (the invention according to the sixth aspect), at least one of the back plate portion and the shape retaining plate is used. The sensitivity adjusting member is detachably or slidably or pivotably attached to the back plate portion or the shape retaining plate, and the sensitivity adjusting member has an inner diameter shorter than the through hole or the notch. Since at least one through-hole or notch is formed, the sensitivity of the malfunction of the shielding device body due to the sensor light is adjusted according to the machine tool to which the machine tool shielding device is mounted. Can do.

It is a sectional side view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 1st Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. It is a top view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 1st Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. It is BB sectional drawing of FIG. It is a sectional side view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 2nd Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. It is a top view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 2nd Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. The sensitivity adjusting member is shown fixed to the back plate, and (A) is attached so that the second through hole is concentric with the through hole formed in the back plate. (B) shows a state in which the first through hole is attached so as to be concentric with the through hole formed in the back plate part, and (C) shows the state. 3 shows a state where the three through holes are attached so as to be concentric with the through holes formed in the back plate portion. It is a sectional side view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 3rd Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. It is a top view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 3rd Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center. It is a front view which shows a shape retention board. It is a top view which shows typically the state with which the shielding apparatus for machine tools which concerns on 4th Embodiment was mounted | worn with the machining center.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a shielding device for a machine tool according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, a machine tool shielding device (hereinafter referred to as a shielding device) 1 according to a first embodiment will be described in detail. In addition, this shielding apparatus 1 applies this invention to the telescopic cover with which the machining center 2 as a machine tool is mounted | worn.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment is arranged on a base 3 provided in the machining center 2, and a table on which a workpiece (workpiece) (not shown) is placed and fixed. 4 is mounted on both the left and right sides. The table 4 is a moving body provided in the machining center 2 to which the shielding device 1 according to the present invention is mounted. On the base 3 of the machining center 2, as shown in FIG. 2 or 3, left and right slide rails 5 and 6 are arranged in parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 2, a slider 7 is fixed to the lower surface of the table 4, and a ball screw 9 that is rotated (forward and reverse) by a servo motor 8 is screwed to the slider 7. . The ball screw 9 is supported at the front end side of the ball screw 9 by a bearing 10 so that the ball screw 9 can rotate (forward and reverse). Accordingly, when the servomotor 8 is driven, the ball screw 9 is rotated forward or reverse, so that the table 4 with the slider 7 fixed to the bottom surface has the length direction of the ball screw 9 (in FIGS. 1 and 2). , Slide in the left-right direction) while being guided by the left and right slide rails 5 and 6. The slide rails 5 and 6, servo motor 8, ball screw 9 and the like are drive systems for driving the table 4. Hereinafter, these will be collectively described using the term drive system.

  And as above-mentioned, the said shielding apparatus 1 is mounted | worn symmetrically on both sides of the said table 4 on both sides of the said table 4 on both sides. Therefore, the shielding device 1 on the right side of the table 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described below. As shown in FIG. 2 or 3, the shielding device 1 has a plurality of large and small protective covers (first to fourth protective covers) 11, 12, 13, 14 arranged in a nested manner, When the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14 slide, a shielding device body (telescopic cover body) 15 that can be expanded and contracted as a whole and a sensor light S to be described later are emitted. A light emitting unit 16 that receives the sensor light S emitted from the light emitting unit 16, a first reflector 18 that reflects the sensor light S emitted from the light emitting unit 16, and the first And a second reflecting material 19 that reflects the sensor light S from the reflecting material 18 toward the light receiving portion 17.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14 constituting the shielding member main body 15 are respectively connected to the top plate portions 11a, 12a, 13a, and 14a. Left side plate portions 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b hanging from one end of the plate portions 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a and right side plate portion hanging from the other end of the top plate portions 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a 11c, 12c, 13c, and 14c, and back plate portions 11d, 12d, 13d, and 14d that are suspended from the rear ends (end portions on the table 4 side) of the top plate portions 11a, 12a, 13a, and 14a. I have. The top plate portions 11a, 12a, 13a, and 14a constituting the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14 have workpieces placed and fixed on the table 4. A wiper (reference numeral is omitted) is fixed to prevent grinding waste or coolant generated or used by cutting or the like from entering the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, 14. Has been. Further, the back plate portion 11 d constituting the first protective cover 11 is fixed to one side surface of the table 4. The shielding device main body 15 thus configured includes a top plate portion (reference numerals are omitted) and a left side plate portion (reference numerals are omitted) constituting the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14. .) And the right side plate portion (the reference numerals are omitted) cover the driving system such as the ball screw 9 arranged on the inner side of the shielding device main body 15 from the outside. The back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d formed on the second to fourth protective covers 12, 13, and 14 constituting the shielding device main body 15 have upper surfaces of the left and right sliding rails 5 and 6, respectively. Also, sliding members 21 and 22 (see FIG. 4) that slide on a part of the side surface and are guided by the sliding rails 5 and 6 are arranged.

  In the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the second to fourth protective covers 12, 13, 14 that are protective covers other than the first protective cover 11 are provided. The rear plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d that are configured have circular (first and second) through holes 12f, 13f, and 14f (see FIG. 1) through which sensor light S emitted from the light emitting portion 16 described later passes. ) And circular through holes through which the sensor light S reflected by the second reflecting material 19 described later passes. A front plate portion 14e facing the back plate portion 14d is fixed to the front end of the fourth protective cover 14 which is the smallest of the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14. The right ends of the slide rails 5 and 6 are fixed inside the front plate portion 14e. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the left end of the slide rails 5 and 6 is a fourth protective cover (symbol is omitted) constituting a shielding member main body (reference numeral is omitted) mounted on the left side of the table 4. It is fixed to the back plate part (the reference numeral is omitted) fixed to (not shown).

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sensor light S is emitted to the table 4 side on the inner side surface of the front plate portion 14e constituting the fourth protective cover 14 and on the right side plate portion 14c side. The light emitting unit 16 is fixed. Further, on the inner side surface of the front plate portion 14e constituting the fourth protective cover 14 and on the left plate portion 14b side, a light receiving portion for receiving the sensor light S reflected from the second reflecting material 19 17 is fixed. That is, in the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment, the light emitting part 16 and the light receiving part 17 constituting the present invention are both inner surfaces of the front plate part 14e constituting the fourth protective cover 14. It is fixed side by side. On the other hand, the sensor light S emitted from the light emitting part 16 is applied to the inner side surface of the back plate part 11d constituting the largest first protective cover 11 and on the right side plate part 11c side. 15 is reflected in a direction orthogonal to the direction of expansion and contraction 15 (width direction of the top plate portion 11a and the back plate portion 11d), and is the inner side surface of the back plate portion 11d and A second reflecting material 19 that reflects the sensor light S reflected by the first reflecting material 18 to the light receiving portion 17 side is fixed to the left side plate portion 11b side. That is, in the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment, the sensor light S passes along the right side plate portions 11c, 12c, 13c, and 14c constituting the shielding device main body 15, and the left side plate portion. It is configured to pass along 11b, 12b, 13b, and 14b.

  The servo motor 8 constituting the machining center 2 is connected to a control device 25 as shown in FIG. The control device 25 is connected to the servo motor 8, the light emitting unit 16, and the light receiving unit 17, respectively, as well as a driving device such as a cutting blade (not shown) for cutting the workpiece fixed to the table 4. In addition, it is also connected to the notification device 26 and the power supply device 27. The control device 25 is connected to a storage device such as a RAM or ROM (not shown) in which machining data of the workpiece is stored, and inputs the machining data of the workpiece. The power supply device 27 of the machining center 2 is driven to be connected to an input unit (not shown) that inputs power on / off. Further, as will be described later, when the sensor light S is not received by the light receiving unit 17 (when the abnormality occurs in the shielding device 1 and is deformed), the notification device 26 is driven by the control device 25 that detects this. An alarm lamp for visually recognizing the worker, an alarm buzzer for visually recognizing the worker, and the like.

  Therefore, the machining center 2 to which the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment is mounted is normally operated by the control device 25 based on the machining data stored in the storage device by the control device 25. And the servo motor 8 are driven, and the left and right shielding device main bodies 1, 1 (15, 15) are also expanded and contracted following the sliding operation of the table 4 by the driving of the servo motor 8. repeat. On the other hand, during the driving of the machining center 2 instead of such an original operation, the drive system such as the ball screw 9 is hindered due to damage to the wiper (not shown) or the like, and some protective covers (for example, the second cover) The protective cover 12) cannot be expanded or contracted and its position is deviated. For example, when the entire shielding device main body 15 is not expanded or contracted accurately, the light emitting unit 16 emits light or the second The sensor light S reflected from the reflective material 19 is blocked by the back plate portion 12d without passing through the through holes 12f formed in the back plate portion 12d constituting the second protective cover 12, for example. As a result, the sensor light S is not received by the light receiving unit 17. When such an abnormal situation of the shielding device 1 is detected by the control device 25, the control device 25 starts driving an alarm lamp, an alarm buzzer or the like as the notification device 26 and stops the servo motor 8. .

  As described above, according to the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment, the shielding device body 15 constituting the shielding device 1 is abnormally operated from the normal operation by being attached to the machining center 2. When the operation is changed (when the shielding device main body 15 is deformed), the abnormality can be detected immediately, and the servo motor 8 of the machining center 2, which is a machine tool, can be stopped. Further, the shielding device (main body) 1 (15) is largely destroyed, the drive system such as the ball screw 9 for driving the table 4 is damaged, and further, it takes a long time to restore the machining center 2 due to such problems. Such a situation can be effectively avoided.

  In particular, in the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment, the light emitting unit 16 that emits the sensor light S and the light receiving unit 17 that receives the sensor light S include a plurality of protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14. Among these, since it is only necessary to fix to the fourth protective cover 14, it is possible to simplify the wiring necessary for supplying power to the light emitting unit 16 and the light receiving unit 17. Further, as described above, in the shielding device 1, the sensor light S from the light emitting unit 16 to the first reflecting material 18 and the sensor light S from the second reflecting material 19 to the light receiving unit 17 are two. Since it is possible to detect the malfunction of the expansion / contraction operation of the first to fourth protective covers 11, 12, 13, and 14 with the two sensor lights S (the optical paths of the two sensor lights S), it is more accurate and quick. The drive system and the notification device 26 can be driven.

  In the machining center 2 to which the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment is mounted, the control device 25 is connected to the notification device 26, the servo motor 8, and the power supply device 27, and the shielding device 1 is described above. When a malfunction occurs, the servo motor 8 is stopped and the notification device 26 is driven. However, in the present invention, when the malfunction is detected, the power supply device 27 is driven, The machining center 2 may be stopped.

  The shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment is an application of the present invention to telescopic covers mounted on the left and right sides of a table 4 constituting a machining center 2 that is a machine tool. In addition to those mounted on machine tools other than the machining center 2, a cutting blade or the like (not shown) is fixed (for example, driven in the vertical direction) even when mounted on the machining center 2. It may be mounted as a shielding device that covers the drive system of the machining head.

  Next, the shielding device 31 according to the second embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, this shielding apparatus 31 detects the malfunction of a shielding apparatus by using two each of the light emission part and light receiving part which comprise this invention, without using a reflecting material, Therefore, the following description In the drawings referred to, the same members as those of the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 5 or 6, the shielding device 31 according to the second embodiment is an inner surface of the front plate portion 14 e of the fourth protective cover 14 constituting the shielding device main body 15, and is described above. A first light emitting unit 32 that emits the sensor light S to the table 4 side is fixed to the right side plate part 14c side, and on the left side plate part 14b side (arrangement position of the light receiving unit 17 described above). The second light emitting unit 33 that emits the sensor light S toward the table 4 is fixed. On the other hand, on the inner side surface of the back plate portion 11d constituting the first protective cover 11 and on the right plate portion 14c side (position where the first reflecting material 18 described above is disposed), A first light receiving portion 34 that receives the sensor light S emitted and emitted from one light emitting portion 32 is fixed, and the left side plate portion 14b side (the second reflecting material 19 described above is disposed). The second light receiving unit 35 that receives the sensor light S emitted from the second light emitting unit 33 is fixed at the position).

  Note that through holes (not shown) through which the two sensor lights S pass are the same as in the shielding device 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the second, third, and fourth protective covers 12, 13, Fourteen back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d are formed, respectively. The first and second light emitting units 32 and 33 and the light receiving units 34 and 35 are respectively connected to the control device 25 shown in FIG.

  Therefore, even when the shielding device 31 having such a configuration is used, the shielding device 1 is configured by being mounted on the machining center 2 in the same manner as the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment. When the apparatus main body 15 changes from a normal operation to an abnormal operation, the abnormality can be detected immediately, and the drive system (servo motor 8) of the machining center 2, which is a machine tool, can be stopped. Therefore, it is possible to effectively avoid the situation where the shielding device 1 is largely destroyed, the drive system for driving the table 4 is damaged, and the machining center 2 needs a long time to recover due to such problems. can do.

  In the shielding device 31 according to the second embodiment, the malfunction of the shielding device 31 is detected by using two light emitting units and two light receiving units constituting the present invention. The second light emitting unit 33 and the second light receiving unit 35 may not be constituent elements, and the first light emitting unit 32 and the first light receiving unit 34 may be arranged.

  Further, the first light receiving part 34 (and the second light receiving part 35) is arranged on the inner side surface of the front plate part 14e constituting the fourth protective cover 14, while the first light receiving part 34 ( And the first light-emitting part 32 (and the second light-emitting part 33) that emits the sensor light S toward the second light-receiving part 35) and the inner surface of the back plate part 11d that constitutes the first protective cover 11. In addition, a battery (not shown) that supplies electricity to the first light emitting unit 32 (and the second light emitting unit 33) is disposed in the first light emitting unit 32 (and the second light emitting unit 33). However, the sensor light S may be always emitted by the electricity stored in the battery. According to the shielding device having such a configuration, since the wiring for connecting the first light emitting unit 32 (and the second light emitting unit 33) and the control device 25 is not necessary, the distribution system can be simplified. In addition, it is possible to avoid the risk of the wiring being cut by driving the machine tool.

  In the shielding devices 1 and 31 according to the above embodiments, at least one of the back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d of the second to fourth protective covers 12, 13, and 14 constituting the shielding device body 15 is provided. In addition, the sensitivity adjustment member 41 shown in FIG. The sensitivity adjusting member 41 is a plate having a length in the left-right direction, and a plurality of (first to third) through holes (or notches) having different inner diameters from one end side to the other end side of the plate body. 41a, 41b, 41c are drilled. These first to third through holes 41a, 41b, and 41c are all parts through which the sensor light S passes, and the through holes 12f, 13f, and 13d formed in the back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d, respectively. The inner diameter is shorter than the inner diameter of 14f. 7A, the second through-hole 41b formed in the sensitivity adjustment member 41 is a back plate portion (reference numerals are omitted) 12d (13d, 14d) indicated by broken lines. 7 shows a state of being attached so as to be concentric with respect to the through hole 12f formed in FIG. 7, and the state shown as (B) in FIG. 7 is the first through hole formed in the sensitivity adjusting member 41. FIG. 7 shows a state in which the hole 41a is attached so as to be concentric with the through-hole 12f formed in the rear plate portion (reference numerals are omitted) 12d (13d, 14d) indicated by a broken line. In the state shown as (C), the third through hole 41c formed in the sensitivity adjusting member 41 is formed in the back plate portion (reference numeral is omitted) 12d (13d, 14d) indicated by a broken line. Mounting so that it is concentric with the through-hole 12f Was illustrates a state.

  According to the shielding device (reference numeral is omitted) to which the sensitivity adjusting member 41 is detachably mounted, the rear plate portion 12d in which the through holes 12f, 13f, and 14f having relatively long inner diameters are formed in advance. , 13d, 14d are mass-produced and welded to the top plate parts 12a, 13a, 14a, and the error of the expansion / contraction operation of the shielding device body 15 allowed for the machine tool to which the shielding device is mounted or the degree of play Accordingly, the sensitivity (accuracy for detecting an abnormal situation) of the sensor light S is adjusted by selectively attaching any one of the through holes 41a, 41b, 41c to a position corresponding to the through holes 12f, 13f, 14f. It becomes possible to do. That is, according to the shielding device (the reference numeral is omitted) having the sensitivity adjustment member 41 as a constituent element, a through-hole or a notch through which the sensor light S passes is formed with respect to the back plate portion constituting each protective cover. There is no need to form the position and the size thereof with high accuracy, and the accuracy can be adjusted to a high degree for each machine tool to which the shielding device is mounted, depending on the mounting position of the sensitivity adjusting member 41. It becomes.

  As described above, the sensitivity adjustment member 41 is not only one that is detachably mounted on at least one of the back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d, but at least one of the back plate portions 12d, 13d, and 14d. In addition, a lock guide member (not shown) that supports the sensitivity adjustment member 41 in a longitudinal direction of the sensitivity adjustment member 41 is fixed, and a lock member that positions the sensitivity adjustment member 41 at a predetermined position is provided. Alternatively, the sensitivity adjusting member (the reference numeral is omitted) is formed into a disk shape, and a plurality of large and small spaces through which the sensor light S passes in the circumferential direction of the sensitivity adjusting member ( A rotation shaft is provided at the center of the sensitivity adjusting member, and the plurality of large and small spaces are appropriately formed by rotating about the rotation shaft. Be one that is configured to be capable of-option may be.

  Further, in the present invention, as described above, a single sensitivity adjusting member 41 having a plurality of through holes (or notches) 41a, 41b, and 41c having different inner diameters is used instead of the single sensitivity adjusting member 41. While preparing a plurality of (for example, three) sensitivity adjusting members (not shown) each having one through hole (or notch), at least one of the back plate portions 12d, 13d, 14d A holding member on which a plurality of sensitivity adjusting members are selectively held and mounted may be arranged.

  Next, the shielding device 51 according to the third embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9, the shielding device 51 is an application of the present invention to a bellows that can be expanded and contracted instead of the telescopic cover. The basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. The configuration of the machine tool (machining center 2) to which the shielding device 51 is mounted is the same as that of the shielding device 1 according to the embodiment. Therefore, the same components as those of the shielding device 1 and the machine tool (nonening center 2) according to the first embodiment will be described using the same reference numerals.

  The shielding device 51 is mounted symmetrically on both the left and right sides of the table 4 with the table 4 interposed therebetween, and bends a flexible sheet (reference numeral is omitted). Accordingly, the bellows (shielding device) main body 52 in which the peak portions 52a and the valley portions 52b are alternately formed, the light emitting portion 53 that emits the sensor light S as shown in FIG. The light receiving unit 54 that receives the sensor light S, the first reflecting material 55 that reflects the sensor light S emitted from the light emitting unit 53, and the sensor light S from the first reflecting material 55 that receives the sensor light S. And a second reflecting material 56 that reflects in the 54 direction.

  The bellows main body 52 includes a top plate portion 52c, a left leg portion 52d hanging from one end of the top plate portion 52c, and a right leg portion 52e hanging from the other end of the top plate portion 52c. The front shape is formed into a gate shape. Needless to say, the peak 52a and valley 52b are formed not only on the top plate 52c but also on the left leg 52d and right leg 52e. A left fixing plate 58 is fixed to one end (the end portion on the table 4 side) of the bellows main body 52, and a right fixing plate 59 is fixed to the other end. It is fixed to the table 4 via a fixed plate 58 and fixed to a side plate (not shown) of the machining center 2 via the right fixed plate 59.

  The upper end of the bellows main body 52 is in contact with the peak portion 52a formed on the top plate portion 52c of the bellows main body 52 between the left fixing plate 58 and the right fixing plate 59. A shape-retaining plate 61 is in contact with a crest (reference numeral is omitted) formed on the left leg 52d at the left end and a crest (reference is omitted) at the right leg 52e. It is being fixed to the said peak part 52c, respectively. The shape retaining plate 61 is a plate constituting the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, these shape retaining plates 61 each have a circular through hole 61 a through which sensor light S emitted from a light emitting portion 53 described later passes, and a second reflecting material 56 described later. And circular through holes 61b through which the sensor light S reflected from the light passes are formed.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a light emitting portion 53 for emitting the sensor light S to the table 4 side is fixed to the inner side surface of the right fixing plate 59 and the right leg portion 52e side. Further, on the inner side surface of the right fixing plate 59 to which the light emitting unit 53 is fixed and on the left leg 52d side, a light receiving unit 54 that receives the sensor light S reflected from the second reflecting material 56 is provided. It is fixed. On the other hand, on the inner side surface of the left fixed plate 58 and on the right leg portion 52e side, the sensor light S emitted from the light emitting portion 53 and passing through the respective through holes 61a is sent to the expansion / contraction direction of the bellows body 52. The first reflecting material 55 that reflects in the orthogonal direction is fixed, and the inner surface of the left fixing plate 58 to which the first reflecting material 55 is fixed, on the left leg 52d side, A second reflecting material 56 that reflects the sensor light S reflected by the first reflecting material 55 toward the light receiving portion 54 is fixed.

  The light emitting unit 53 and the light receiving unit 54 are connected to the control device 25 in the same manner as the shielding device 1 according to the first embodiment described at the beginning, and the control device 25 includes the table. Needless to say, a driving device such as a cutting blade (not shown) that cuts the workpiece fixed to 4 is connected to the servo motor 8, the notification device 26, and the power supply device 27.

  Therefore, even in the case of the shielding device 51 according to the third embodiment, during the driving of the machining center 2, the drive system such as the ball screw 9 is hindered due to damage of the wiper (not shown) or the like. When the expansion / contraction operation of the bellows body 52 is abnormal and any one of the shape retaining plates 61 is displaced from the original position, it is emitted from the light emitting portion 53 or reflected from the second reflecting material 56. The sensor light S is blocked in the optical path. As a result, the sensor light S is not received by the light receiving unit 54. When such an abnormal situation of the shielding device 51 is detected by the control device 25, the control device 25 starts driving an alarm lamp, an alarm buzzer or the like as the notification device 26 and stops the servo motor 8. .

  Next, a shielding device 71 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this shielding apparatus 71 detects the malfunction of a shielding apparatus by using two each of the light emission part and light receiving part which comprise this invention, without using a reflecting material, Basically, Similar to the shielding device 31 according to the second embodiment, the telescopic cover constituting the shielding device 31 is replaced with a bellows like the shielding device 51 according to the third embodiment. . Therefore, the description of the shielding device 71 according to the fourth embodiment is replaced with the description of the configuration by describing the operation of the shielding device 71.

  In the shielding device 71 according to the fourth embodiment, when the bellows main body 72 constituting the shielding device 71 is changed from a normal operation to an abnormal operation, it is arranged inside the bellows main body 72 shown in FIG. The sensor light S emitted from the first light emitting unit 73 and the sensor light S emitted from the second light emitting unit 74 disposed inside the bellows main body 72 are shape-retaining plates (reference numerals are omitted). Without passing through a through-hole (not shown) formed in the middle, and is blocked by a shape-retaining plate (as a plate constituting the present invention) and is not received by the first light-receiving unit 76 or the second light-receiving unit 77. . As described above, when the control device 25 detects or determines that no light is received by the first light receiving unit 76 or the second light receiving unit 77, the drive system (servo motor 8) of the machining center 2 that is a machine tool is stopped. Is equal. Therefore, even in the case of the shielding device 71 according to the fourth embodiment, the shielding device 71 is damaged, the drive system that drives the table 4 is destroyed, and the machining center is caused by such a problem. It is possible to effectively avoid situations such as the time required for recovery of 2 being long.

  The shape-retaining plates 61 and 75 constituting the shielding device 51 according to the third embodiment and the shielding device 71 according to the fourth embodiment have the sensitivity described above (shown in FIG. 7). The adjustment member 41 may be attached.

1 Shielding device for machine tool 2 Machining center 4 Table (moving body)
5, 6 Left and right sliding rails 7 Slider 8 Servo motor 9 Ball screws 11, 12, 13, 14 First to fourth protective covers 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a Top plate portions 11b, 12b, 13b, 14b Left side plate portion 11c, 12c, 13c, 14c Right side plate portion 11d, 12d, 13d, 14d Back plate portion 12f, 13f, 14f Through hole 15 Shielding device body 16 Light emitting portion 17 Light receiving portion 18 First reflecting material 19 Second reflecting material 25 Control device 26 Notification device 27 Power supply device 31 Machine tool shielding device 32 First light emitting portion 33 Second light emitting portion 34 First light receiving portion 35 Second light receiving portion 41 Sensitivity adjusting members 41a, 41b, 41c Through hole 51 Machine tool shielding device 52 bellows (shielding device) body 52a peak portion 52b valley portion 53 light emitting portion 54 light receiving portion 55 first reflecting material 56 second reflecting material 61 shape retaining plate 6 1a, 61b Through-hole 71 Machine tool shielding device 72 Bellows body 73 First light-emitting portion 74 Second light-emitting portion 75 Shape retaining plate 76 First light-receiving portion 77 Second light-receiving portion S Sensor light

Claims (6)

A machine tool comprising a drive system for driving a moving body such as a machining head or a machining table for machining a workpiece, a control device for controlling the drive system, and a notification device or a power supply device connected to the control device. A machine tool shielding device for covering the drive system from the outside,
A shielding device body which covers the drive system and is made to be stretchable;
A light emitting unit connected to the control device and disposed at one end inside the shielding device main body and emitting sensor light;
A light receiving portion that is connected to the control device and disposed at the other end inside the shielding device body, and that receives sensor light from the light emitting portion;
A through-hole or notch that is formed in the shielding device body or is formed on a plate that is fixed to the shielding device body, and that allows the sensor light to pass through;
A machine tool shielding apparatus comprising: A machine tool comprising a drive system for driving a moving body such as a machining head or a machining table for machining a workpiece, a control device for controlling the drive system, and a notification device or a power supply device connected to the control device. A machine tool shielding device for covering the drive system from the outside,
A shielding device body which covers the drive system and is made to be stretchable;
A light emitting unit connected to the control device, arranged at one end inside the shielding device main body and emitting sensor light;
A light receiving unit that is connected to the control device and arranged side by side with the light emitting unit, and that receives sensor light from the light emitting unit;
A reflector that is arranged at the other end inside the shielding device main body and reflects sensor light from the light emitting unit toward the light receiving unit;
A through-hole or notch that is formed in the shielding device body or is formed on a plate that is fixed to the shielding device body, and that allows the sensor light to pass through;
A machine tool shielding apparatus comprising: A machine tool comprising a drive system for driving a moving body such as a machining head or a machining table for machining a workpiece, a control device for controlling the drive system, and a notification device or a power supply device connected to the control device. A machine tool shielding device for covering the drive system from the outside,
A shielding device body which covers the drive system and is made to be stretchable;
A light emitting unit that is arranged inside the shielding device main body and on the moving body side and emits sensor light by a battery;
A light receiving portion that is connected to the control device and is disposed in a position separated from the table inside the shielding device main body, and that receives sensor light from the light emitting portion;
A through-hole or notch that is formed in the shielding device body or is formed on a plate that is fixed to the shielding device body, and that allows the sensor light to pass through;
A machine tool shielding apparatus comprising: On the movable body side of the shielding device main body, a first reflecting material that reflects sensor light emitted from the light emitting unit in a direction orthogonal to the expansion and contraction direction of the shielding device main body,
A second reflecting material that reflects the sensor light reflected by the first reflecting material in the direction of the light receiving unit,
The sensor light reflected by the second reflecting material is configured to be received by the light receiving portion through an optical path parallel to an optical path from the light emitting portion to the first reflecting material. The shielding device for machine tools according to claim 2. The shielding device main body is a telescopic cover main body in which a plurality of large and small protective covers each having a top plate portion and a side plate portion are arranged in a nested manner, and each protective cover is slid so as to be stretchable as a whole. And
At least any one of the protective covers constituting the telescopic cover main body is formed with a back plate portion as the plate body having a surface formed in a direction orthogonal to the optical path direction of the sensor light,
A through hole or a notch through which the sensor light passes is formed in the back plate part, and any one of the back plate parts has a through hole or a notch having an inner diameter shorter than the through hole or the notch. 4. The shielding for machine tools according to claim 1, wherein at least one sensitivity adjusting member is detachably, slidably or pivotably attached to the back plate portion. apparatus. The shielding device main body is a bellows main body in which peaks and valleys are alternately formed,
The bellows body is fixed with a shape-retaining plate, which is the plate body having a surface formed in a direction orthogonal to the optical path direction of the sensor light,
A through hole or notch through which the sensor light passes is formed in the shape retaining plate, and any one of the shape retaining plates has a through hole or notch having an inner diameter shorter than that of the through hole or notch. 4. The shielding device for a machine tool according to claim 1, wherein at least one formed sensitivity adjusting member is detachably or slidably or pivotably attached to the back plate portion. .