JP2016065339A - Sheet manufacturing device and sheet manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sheet manufacturing device capable of manufacturing a quality sheet without adding moisture.SOLUTION: A sheet manufacturing device according to this invention comprises: a fibrillating part, which fibrillates raw material containing fibers in the air; a classification part, which discharges classified materials generated by removing at least a part of materials other than the fibers by air current from the material fibrillated at the fibrillating part; an additive supply part, which supplies an additive containing resin to at least a part of the classified material; an accumulation part, which accumulates a mixture of the classified material and the additive to form a web; and a heating part, which heats the web and forms sheet by binding the fibers to each other with the resin. A moisture is not added between the fibrillating part and the heating part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a sheet manufacturing apparatus and a sheet manufacturing method.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a manufacturing method for manufacturing a used paper board by defibrating raw materials such as used paper, adjusting the moisture content to a predetermined level, adding a resin, and applying heat and pressure has been disclosed.

JP 2002-144305 A

  However, the technique described in Patent Document 1 is adjusted to a predetermined moisture content. That is, moisture is added. Thereby, as a binding force between fibers, there is an effect of inducing a hydrogen bond derived from a hydroxyl group, but a problem that water must be supplied occurs. Recently, there is an increasing demand for producing sheets such as waste paper board without using water. However, there is a problem that the strength is reduced by not using water.

  The present invention solves at least a part of the above problems, and one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a sheet manufacturing apparatus and a sheet manufacturing apparatus that can manufacture a sheet having good mechanical strength without using water. It is to provide a method.

  One aspect of the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention is a defibrating unit for defibrating a raw material containing fibers in air, and at least one other than the fibers by airflow from a defibrated material defibrated by the defibrating unit. A classification unit for discharging a classified product from which a part has been removed, an additive supply unit for supplying an additive containing a resin to at least a part of the classified product in the air, and a mixture in which the classified product and the additive are mixed And a heating section that heats the web and binds the fibers together with the resin to form a sheet, from the defibrating section to the heating section. It is characterized by not adding moisture in between.

  One aspect of the sheet manufacturing method according to the present invention includes a step of defibrating a raw material containing fibers in air, and a classified product obtained by removing a part other than the fibers from the defibrated material by airflow. A classification step of discharging, an additive supply step of supplying an additive containing a resin to at least a part of the classified product in the air, and a mixture of the classified product and the additive are deposited to form a web. A deposition step and a formation step of heating the web and binding the fibers together with the resin to form a sheet, and not adding moisture between the defibration step and the formation step Features.

  According to such a sheet manufacturing apparatus and a sheet manufacturing method, a fiber is bound with a resin without adding moisture to form a sheet. Moreover, after defibrating a raw material, things other than a fiber are removed from the defibrated material. Thereby, since things other than a fiber are removed, it can suppress that the intensity | strength of a sheet | seat deteriorates by containing things other than a fiber, and can make the intensity | strength of a sheet | seat favorable.

  In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the additive supply unit includes a raw material supply unit that automatically supplies the additive and further supplies the raw material automatically.

  By supplying raw materials automatically, a stable amount can be supplied. Since the resin is automatically and stably supplied, the mixing ratio of the fiber and the resin is changed unless the raw material is also stably supplied. According to such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, the fibers can be stably supplied to the supplied resin, so that the strength of the sheet can be improved.

  In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the stacking unit has one rotating cylindrical member, and allows the mixture conveyed into the cylindrical member to pass through a plurality of openings on a cylindrical surface of the cylindrical member. It is desirable to deposit with.

  According to such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, the mixture can be uniformly deposited by passing the plurality of openings on the cylindrical surface of the rotating cylindrical member. At this time, since the resin is also dispersed in the fiber, it is possible to suppress the strength from being lowered at a portion where the resin density is small, and the strength of the sheet can be improved.

  In the sheet manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is desirable that the classifying unit classifies the defibrated material with an air flow, and discharges a relatively large size of the defibrated material as the classified material.

  According to such a sheet manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to remove relatively short fibers among the fibers contained in the defibrated material. When such short fibers are included in the web, the number of intersections is increased to bind the fibers to each other, and a large amount of resin is required. By removing the short fibers by the classifying portion, the intersections of the fibers can be reduced, and the sheet strength can be improved without adding water.

The schematic diagram which shows the outline of the sheet manufacturing apparatus which concerns on embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. Not all the configurations described below are indispensable configurations of the present invention. In the range having the effects of the present invention, a part may be removed, the shape may be changed, a known technique may be used, or the embodiments may be combined.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram schematically showing a sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 is based on a technique for defibrating a raw material Pu containing fibers and manufacturing a new sheet Pr. The sheet manufacturing apparatus includes a raw material supply unit 10, a crushing unit 20, a defibrating unit 30, a classification unit 40, a sorting unit 50, an additive supply unit 60, a deposition unit 70, and a pressurizing unit 90. The heating unit 100 is provided.

  The raw material supply unit 10 supplies the used paper Pu as a raw material to the crushing unit 20. The raw material supply unit 10 includes a stacking unit 11 that can stack a plurality of used paper Pu and move up and down, and an automatic feed mechanism 12 that automatically supplies the stacked used paper Pu one by one toward the crushing unit 20. ing. Since the used paper Pu is periodically supplied one by one by the automatic feeding mechanism 12, it can be supplied quantitatively. The raw material may contain fibers such as pulp sheet and non-woven fabric in addition to the used paper.

  The crushing unit 20 cuts the supplied used paper Pu into strips. The crushing unit 20 includes a pair of rotating crushing blades 21. The used paper Pu is cut through the rotating crushing blade 21. The strip is conveyed to the defibrating unit 30 through the pipe 201.

  The defibrating unit 30 defibrates the material to be defibrated in a dry manner in air. The defibrating unit 30 generates a defibrated material obtained by loosening the material to be defibrated into fibers. The defibrating unit 30 has rotating blades (not shown), and defibrates the material to be defibrated by colliding with the blades or by pressure fluctuation caused by the rotation. The defibrated material is gradually unraveled while moving in the defibrating unit 30 by the airflow flowing in the defibrating unit 30. The airflow flowing through the defibrating unit 30 generates airflow by sending air from the upstream of the defibrating unit 30, generating airflow by rotating blades, or sucking from the downstream of the defibrating unit 30. By unraveling the material to be defibrated, it is possible to prevent the fiber from being cut and shortened.

  The defibrated material is an input material to the defibrating unit 30 such as a fine piece cut by the crushing unit 20, and the defibrated material is an output material from the defibrating unit 30. The defibrating unit 30 also has a function of separating the raw material into fibers and other than fibers. Those other than fibers are colorants such as ink and toner that are attached to or contained in raw materials, and additives such as resins, anti-bleeding agents and starch. The defibrated material is in a mixed state in a state where fibers and other than the fibers are separated. In addition, although it is desirable that the fibers contained in the defibrated material are unwound one by one, undefibrated pieces that have not been unwound and lumps in which fibers are intertwined are also included. There is. The defibrated material passes through the pipe 202 and is conveyed to the classification unit 40 by the first blower 151.

  The classifying unit 40 classifies the defibrated material with an air flow. The classifying unit 40 has a cylindrical tube portion 41 and a conical portion 42 connected to the lower portion of the tube portion 41, and the defibrated material is introduced from the introduction port 40 a of the tube portion 41 by airflow. The introduced airflow becomes an airflow swirling along the cylindrical portion 41 and the conical portion 42. At this time, the defibrated material is separated and classified by the difference in centrifugal force applied depending on the size and density of the defibrated material. Thus, the defibrated material is classified into relatively large or high density fibers and relatively small or low density colorants and additives. Of the fibers, they may be classified into relatively short fibers and long fibers. A comparatively large or high-density thing rides on an air current, and is discharged | emitted from the lower outlet 40b provided in the lower part of the cone part 42. FIG. A relatively small or low-density one is discharged from the upper discharge port 40 c provided in the upper portion of the cylinder portion 41, passes through the pipe 206, and is collected in the receiving portion 45. What is collected in the receiving portion 45 is not necessary when a new sheet is made, and thus is removed. And what was discharged | emitted from the lower outlet 40b is sent to the selection part 50 through the piping 203 as a classification | category.

  The classifying unit 40 classifies the defibrated material and removes things other than the fibers. Then, a classified product is generated. As described above, the classified product includes fibers. However, the classifying unit 40 cannot completely classify the fibers and those other than the fibers. Coloring agents and additives that cannot be separated from the fibers by the airflow may be mixed with the classified materials together with the fibers. For this reason, the classified product mainly contains fibers, but also includes things other than fibers. Moreover, the thing other than the fiber removed from the defibrated material is at least a part rather than all the things other than the fiber.

  The sorting unit 50 removes a relatively large classified product in the atmosphere. The sorting unit 50 has a cylindrical (rotating) screen 51. The sieve 51 has a plurality of openings. The plurality of openings may be a net-like one or a plate-like one having a plurality of holes. The classified product is introduced into the sieve 51, and when the sieve 51 rotates, the classified product is sorted into one that passes through the opening of the sieve 51 and one that does not pass by centrifugal force. What passes through the opening is mainly smaller than the size of the opening, and relatively short fibers are mainly used among the classified products. What does not pass through the opening is mainly larger than the size of the opening, and is an undefibrated piece, a lump of fibers entangled with each other, or a relatively long fiber among classified articles. What does not pass through the opening passes through the pipes 205 and 201 and is defibrated again by the defibrating unit 30. The periphery of the sieve 51 is covered with a cover 52, and what has passed through the opening does not scatter in the apparatus. What has passed through the opening is collected by the shooter 56, passes through the pipe 204, and is sent to the deposition unit 70. In addition, as long as what does not pass an opening does not affect the sheet | seat to manufacture, the selection part 50 does not need to be provided. In that case, the classified product is sent to the deposition unit 70. On the other hand, even if there is a sorting unit 50, it is a part of the classified product that is sent to the depositing unit 70.

  Between the sorting unit 50 and the deposition unit 70 (between the classification unit 40 and the deposition unit 70 when there is no sorting unit 50), there is an additive supply unit 60 that feeds the additive in the atmosphere. The additive supply unit 60 includes a storage unit 61 that stores the additive, and an introduction unit 62 that introduces the stored additive into the supply port 63 provided in the pipe 204. The introduction unit 62 is a screw feeder, but may be introduced by a disk feeder or an air current. In FIG. 1, the additive is supplied to the pipe 204, but is not limited thereto, and may be supplied to the cover 52 of the sorting unit 50, supplied to the shooter 56, or supplied to the deposition unit 70. The classified product and the additive are sent to the deposition unit 70 while being mixed by the second blower 152.

  The additive includes a resin. The resin binds a plurality of fibers. As a kind of the resin, either a natural resin or a synthetic resin may be used. Moreover, in the sheet manufacturing apparatus 1 of this embodiment, since a fiber is bound by the heat | fever in the heating part 100 mentioned later, any of a thermoplastic resin and a thermosetting resin may be sufficient. The resin is preferably solid at room temperature. The additive may be in the form of a fiber or powder. When the additive is fibrous, the fiber length of the additive is preferably equal to or less than the fiber length of the classified product. The additive may contain other components in addition to the resin. Examples of other components include aggregation inhibitors, colorants, organic solvents, surfactants, antifungal agents / preservatives, antioxidants / ultraviolet absorbers, oxygen absorbers, and the like.

  The depositing unit 70 deposits a mixture of classified products and additives to form the web W. The depositing unit 70 has a plurality of openings and a rotatable cylindrical member 71. The plurality of openings may be a net-like one or a plate-like one having a plurality of holes. The cylindrical member 71 allows the introduced mixture to pass through the opening by the centrifugal force of the rotating cylindrical member 71. The size of the opening of the cylindrical member 71 is larger than or the same as the size of the opening of the sieve 51. The classified product that has passed through the opening of the sieve 51 can pass through the opening of the cylindrical member 71. Then, the cylinder member 71 cannot pass through the opening and is not clogged or blocked. The plurality of openings of the cylindrical member 71 have the same size and are arranged at equal intervals. Since the mixture passes through the openings uniformly, the deposited web W has a uniform thickness and density. Even when the fibers are entangled in the process of being conveyed by the pipe 204, the cylindrical member 71 can be loosened by passing the opening. The periphery of the cylindrical member 71 is covered with a cover 72 to prevent the mixture that has passed through the opening from scattering into the apparatus.

  An endless mesh belt 73 is provided below the cylindrical member 71. The mesh belt 73 is circulated by a plurality of stretching rollers 74. A suction portion 75 is disposed on the opposite side of the cylindrical member 71 with the mesh belt 73 interposed therebetween. The mixture that has passed through the opening of the cylindrical member 71 tends to float, but is quickly deposited on the mesh belt 73 by being sucked by the suction portion 75. At this time, since the mesh belt 73 moves while circling, the web W is obtained by uniformly depositing the mixture in a plate shape.

  The web W moves with the circumference of the mesh belt 73 and is further conveyed downstream of the mesh belt 73 by the conveying roller 76. A first cutting unit 80 is disposed downstream of the mesh belt 73. The first cutting unit 80 cuts the web W in a direction that intersects the conveyance direction of the web W. The web W is cut in a state where tension is applied to the web W by the pair of pre-cutting rollers 81 and the pair of post-cutting rollers 82.

  The cut web W is conveyed to the pressure unit 90 and the heating unit 100. The pressure unit 90 pressurizes the web W with a pair of pressure rollers 91. The pressed web W is heated by the pair of heating rollers 101. By pressurizing the web W, the web W is brought into a state where a plurality of fibers approach each other. By heating the web W in this state, the resin in the additive is melted or cured, and the fibers are bound together. Thereby, the web W can be formed in the sheet | seat Pr of desired thickness. Note that there may be a plurality of pressure rollers 91 and heating rollers 101. Further, pressurization, heating, or heating and pressurization may be performed by a flat plate press instead of a roller. And the web W is cut | disconnected by the 2nd cutting part 120 along the conveyance direction of the web W, and the sheet | seat Pr of a desired magnitude | size is formed. The sheet Pr is stored in the stacker 130.

  In this way, the sheet is manufactured. Here, the sheet mainly refers to a sheet formed from a material containing fibers such as waste paper and pure pulp. However, the shape is not limited to that, and may be a board shape or a web shape (or a shape having irregularities). The raw material may be plant fibers such as cellulose, chemical fibers such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and polyester, and animal fibers such as wool and silk. In the present application, the sheet includes paper and non-woven fabric. The paper includes a thin sheet form, and includes recording paper for writing and printing, wallpaper, wrapping paper, colored paper, Kent paper, and the like. Nonwoven fabrics are thicker or less dense than paper, and include nonwoven fabrics, fiber boards, tissue paper, kitchen paper, cleaners, filters, liquid absorbents, sound absorbers, cushioning materials, mats, and the like.

  The sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a defibrating unit 30, a classification unit 40, an additive supply unit 60, a deposition unit 70, and a heating unit 100, and does not add moisture between the defibrating unit 30 and the heating unit 100. It is characterized by that. And the raw material contains the fiber, and the additive contains resin. Thereby, since a fiber is not a hydrogen bond by moisture but bound by resin, a stronger sheet can be manufactured. At that time, since the classifying part removes at least a part of the material other than the fibers, it is possible to prevent the colorant and additive such as the toner adhering to the raw material from being removed, thereby reducing the strength of the sheet. To do. In addition, that water is not added means that water is not added as a sheet manufacturing apparatus including humidification.

  The sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes a raw material supply unit 10 that automatically supplies a raw material, and the additive supply unit 60 supplies an additive automatically. It is quantitatively supplied by automatically supplying raw materials. In addition, additives are automatically and quantitatively supplied. Thereby, it can suppress that the ratio of a fiber and resin varies. By varying the ratio of the fiber and the resin, it is possible to suppress problems in which the strength, thickness, and density of the manufactured sheet are not stable.

  The stacking unit 70 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention has a single rotating cylindrical member 71 and is characterized in that the mixture is deposited by passing through a plurality of openings on the cylindrical surface. Since the mixture is passed by rotating one cylindrical member 71, a web having a uniform thickness and density can be formed with a simple configuration. Further, the sheet manufacturing apparatus can be downsized while using a plurality of cylindrical members 71.

  The classification unit 40 of the sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the defibrated material is classified with an air flow, and the defibrated material having a relatively large size is discharged as a classified material. By classifying with an air stream, relatively short fibers are removed from those contained in the defibrated material. When a sheet is produced including relatively short fibers, the number of intersections between the fibers increases, whereas the resin for binding is insufficient. By removing relatively short fibers, the fibers can be bound together with a resin, and the strength as a sheet can be improved. The relatively short fiber is less than 0.3 mm. Conversely, a relatively large fiber is 0.3 mm or more.

  In the sheet manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the web W is pressurized by the pressure unit 90 after being cut by the first cutting unit. Further, the diameter of the pressure roller 91 is larger than the diameter of the heating roller 101. Thereby, it becomes easy to pull in the front-end | tip part of the cut web W with a pair of pressurization roller 91. FIG. And it suppresses that the web W raise | generates a conveyance defect. Further, the pressure unit 90 is upstream of the heating unit 100 in the conveyance direction of the web W, and the pressing force of the pressing unit 90 is larger than the pressing force of the heating unit 100. Further, the pressing force of the pressurizing unit 90 located on the upstream side of the heating unit 100 is the largest in the sheet manufacturing apparatus. By heating in a state where the distance between the plurality of fibers is reduced by the pressurization of the pressurizing unit 90, the fibers can be easily bound with the resin.

  In the present specification, terms such as “uniform”, “same”, “equally spaced”, etc. mean that the density, distance, dimensions, etc. are equal. Although it is desirable that these are equal, it is difficult to make them completely equal. Therefore, it is assumed that the values do not become equal due to accumulation of errors and variations.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Sheet manufacturing apparatus, 10 ... Raw material supply part, 20 ... Crushing part, 30 ... Defibration part, 40 ... Classification part, 50 ... Sorting part, 60 ... Additive supply part, 70 ... Deposition part, 71 ... Cylindrical member , 80 ... 1st cutting part, 90 ... Pressing part, 91 ... Pressing roller, 100 ... Heating part, 101 ... Heating roller, 120 ... 2nd cutting part, W ... Web, Pr ... Sheet, Pu ... Raw material.

Claims (5)

A defibrating unit for defibrating raw materials containing fibers in air;
A classification unit for discharging a classified product from which at least a part other than the fiber has been removed by airflow from the defibrated material that has been defibrated in the defibrating unit;
An additive supply unit for supplying an additive containing a resin to at least a part of the classified product in air;
A depositing section for depositing a mixture of the classified product and the additive to form a web;
A heating section that heats the web and binds the fibers together with the resin to form a sheet,
No sheet is added between the defibrating unit and the heating unit. The additive supply unit automatically supplies the additive,
Furthermore, the sheet manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 which has a raw material supply part which supplies the said raw material automatically.   The depositing part has one cylindrical member that rotates, and deposits the mixture conveyed in the cylindrical member by passing a plurality of openings in a cylindrical surface of the cylindrical member. The sheet manufacturing apparatus described.   The sheet classification apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the classifying unit classifies the defibrated material with an air flow, and discharges a relatively large size of the defibrated material as the classified material. . A process of defibrating a raw material containing fibers in air;
A classification step of discharging a classified product from which a part other than the fibers has been removed by airflow from the defibrated material that has been defibrated;
An additive supply step of supplying an additive containing a resin in at least a part of the classified product in air;
Depositing a mixture of the classification and the additive to form a web;
Forming the sheet by heating the web and binding the fibers with the resin to form a sheet,
A sheet manufacturing method, wherein no moisture is added between the defibrating step and the forming step.

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