JP2016056698A - engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an engine capable of performing an instantaneous detection of its abnormal condition.SOLUTION: This invention comprises a supercharger 40; a supercharger revolution speed sensor 55 for detecting revolution speed of the supercharger 40; ECU50 for detecting abnormal state of an engine. ECU50 defines data of supercharger revolution speed Nt in one cycle of an engine as an instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data Nt[1cyc], gets the instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data Nt[1cyc], calculates revolution speed Ne at the time of getting prestored instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data Nt[1cyc], calculates appropriate instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data m1Nt[1cyc] under engine load Ac, calculates difference data dNt[1cyc] between the obtained instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data Nt[1cyc] and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger revolution speed data m1Nt[1cyc], and detects abnormal state of the engine on the basis of an average value M or dispersion value V of the difference data dNt[1cyc].SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to engine technology.

  Conventionally, means for detecting an engine abnormality are known. As means for detecting engine abnormality, means for detecting engine abnormality using, for example, a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor is known. For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses means for detecting an engine abnormality using a pressure sensor provided in a supercharger.

  However, the means for detecting an engine abnormality using a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor cannot catch the engine abnormality instantaneously (several engine cycles). Conventionally, a supercharger speed sensor for detecting the supercharger speed of a supercharger is also known. However, a configuration capable of instantaneously detecting an engine abnormality using the supercharger rotation speed is not disclosed.

JP 2005-180226 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an engine capable of instantaneously detecting engine abnormality.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, in claim 1, the turbocharger includes a supercharger, a supercharger rotation speed detection means that detects the rotation speed of the supercharger, and an abnormality detection means that detects an engine abnormality, wherein the abnormality detection means includes: The turbocharger speed data in one cycle of the engine is used as the instantaneous supercharger speed data, the instantaneous supercharger speed data is obtained, and the prestored instantaneous supercharger speed data is obtained. Calculate the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger speed data at the engine speed and engine load at the time, and calculate the difference data between the acquired instantaneous turbocharger speed data and the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger speed data The engine abnormality is detected based on the average or variance of the difference data.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the turbocharger includes a supercharger, a supercharger rotation speed detection unit that detects the rotation speed of the supercharger, and an abnormality detection unit that detects an engine abnormality. The supercharger rotation speed data in one cycle is used as instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data, the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data is acquired, and from the time of acquisition of the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data until a predetermined cycle The average of the instantaneous turbocharger rotational speed data is calculated as appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data, and difference data between the acquired instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data is calculated. The engine abnormality is detected based on the average or variance of the difference data.

  According to the engine of the present invention, engine abnormality can be detected instantaneously.

The block diagram which shows the structure of an engine. The graph which shows instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data. The flowchart which shows the flow of the engine abnormality detection control of 1st embodiment. The graph which shows the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data at the time of abnormality detection. The graph which shows the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data at the time of another abnormality detection. The flowchart which shows the flow of the engine abnormality detection control of 2nd embodiment.

The configuration of the engine 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 1, the structure of the engine 100 is typically represented with the block diagram. Moreover, the broken line of FIG. 1 represents the electric signal line.

  The engine 100 is an embodiment according to the engine of the present invention. The engine 100 includes an air supply path 10, an exhaust path 20, an engine body 30, a supercharger 40, and an engine control unit (hereinafter, ECU) 50 as abnormality detection means.

  The engine 100 of this embodiment is a direct injection type four-cylinder diesel engine provided with a supercharger 40. Although the engine of the present invention is configured as a direct injection type four-cylinder diesel engine, the present invention is not limited to this. The engine of the present invention may be a direct injection 6-cylinder engine, a V-type engine, or a sub-chamber engine.

  The air supply path 10 is a path for supplying air to the engine body 30, and is configured by connecting an air supply manifold 11, an intercooler 12, a compressor 41, and an air cleaner 13 to an air supply pipe. .

  The air supply manifold 11, the intercooler 12, the compressor 41, and the air cleaner 14 are arranged in this order from the outside toward the engine body 30, the air cleaner 13, the compressor 41, the intercooler 12, and the air supply manifold 11, and are connected by an air supply pipe. Yes.

  The air supply manifold 11 is a manifold for introducing air into the cylinders 31, 31, 31, 31 of the engine body 30. The intercooler 12 is a heat exchanger that cools air whose temperature has been increased by the compression of the compressor 41.

  The compressor 41 is a component of the supercharger 40 and will be described in detail later. The air cleaner 13 separates dust contained in the air supply with a filter medium such as a nonwoven fabric.

  The exhaust path 20 is a path for discharging air (exhaust gas) from the engine body 30 and is configured by connecting an exhaust manifold 21 and a turbine 42 to an exhaust pipe. The exhaust manifold 21 and the turbine 42 are arranged in the order of the exhaust manifold 21 and the turbine 42 from the engine body 30 to the outside, and are connected by an exhaust pipe.

  The exhaust manifold 21 is a manifold that combines a plurality of exhaust pipes from the cylinders 31, 31, 31, 31 of the engine body 30 into one. The turbine 42 is a component of the supercharger 40 and will be described in detail later.

  The engine body 30 includes a cylinder block (not shown), a cylinder head (not shown), and a fuel injection device 35. A plurality of (four) cylinders 31, 31, 31, 31 are formed in the cylinder block. The fuel injection device 35 is a device that injects fuel accumulated in the common rail into each cylinder by an injector. The fuel injection device 35 is connected to the ECU 50.

  The supercharger 40 is a device that raises the pressure of air taken in by the engine 100 to atmospheric pressure or higher. The supercharger 40 includes a compressor 41 and a turbine 42. The supercharger 40 is provided with a supercharger speed sensor 55 that detects the supercharger speed Nt. The supercharger rotation speed sensor 55 is connected to the ECU 50.

  The ECU 50 comprehensively controls the operation of the engine 100. The ECU 50 has a function of detecting an abnormality of the engine 100 by an engine abnormality detection control S100 or an engine abnormality detection control S200 described later. The ECU 50 is connected to an engine speed sensor 51, an engine load sensor 52, a supercharger speed sensor 55, and a fuel injection device 35.

  The engine speed sensor 51 detects the engine speed Ne of the engine 100. The engine load sensor 52 detects the engine load Ac of the engine 100 (accelerator opening in this embodiment).

The instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 2, the instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) is represented by a graph.

  In the lower part of FIG. 2, the change in the in-cylinder pressure Ps of each cylinder 31 in one cycle of the engine 100 is represented along the crank angle. In the upper part of FIG. 2, the change in the turbocharger rotational speed Nt in one cycle of the engine 100 is represented along the crank angle.

  As shown in the upper part of FIG. 2, the change in the supercharger rotational speed Nt repeats a waveform pattern that increases in the exhaust process of each cylinder 31 and then decreases. The change in the turbocharger rotation speed Nt indicates periodicity, and shows a waveform pattern in which one cycle is from the exhaust process of one cylinder 31 to the exhaust process of the cylinder 31 to be ignited next.

  Here, a collection of data of the supercharger rotation speed Nt per 1 deg in one cycle of the engine 100 is defined as instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc).

The flow of the engine abnormality detection control S100 will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 3, the flow of engine abnormality detection control S100 is represented by the flowchart.

  The engine abnormality detection control S100 is a first embodiment according to the engine of the present invention. The engine abnormality detection control S100 is control in which the ECU 50 detects an abnormality of the engine 100. Below, each step of engine abnormality detection control S100 is demonstrated.

  In step S <b> 101, the ECU 50 acquires the engine speed Ne by the engine speed sensor 51 and acquires the engine load Ac by the engine load sensor 52. In step S102, the ECU 50 detects the supercharger rotational speed Nt by the supercharger rotational speed sensor 55, and obtains it as instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data Nt (1cyc).

  In step S103, the ECU 50 calculates the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data m1Nt (1cyc) at the engine rotational speed Ne and the engine load Ac acquired in step S111. The appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data m1Nt (1cyc) is the appropriate supercharger rotational speed data mNt (1cyc) for each engine load Ne and engine load Ac when the engine 100 is normal. It is stored in the ECU 50 in advance.

  In step S104, the ECU 50 calculates difference data as a difference between the instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data Nt (1cyc) acquired in step S102 and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data m1Nt (1cyc) calculated in step S103. dNt (1cyc) is calculated.

  In step S105, the ECU 50 calculates the average M and the variance V of the difference data dNt (1cyc) calculated in step S104.

  In step S106, the ECU 50 confirms whether the average M calculated in step S104 is greater than a predetermined value M1. In step S107, if the average M is larger than the predetermined value M1 in step S107, the ECU 50 sets the count number Nm to +1.

  In step S108, the ECU 50 resets the count number Nm to 0 if various conditions are satisfied. In the present embodiment, various conditions are set to elapse of a predetermined time.

  In step S109, the ECU 50 checks whether or not the variance V calculated in step S104 is greater than a predetermined value V1. In step S110, if the variance V is greater than the predetermined value V1 in step S109, the ECU 50 sets the count number Nv to +1.

  In step S111, the ECU 50 resets the count number Nm to 0 if various conditions are satisfied. In the present embodiment, various conditions are set to elapse of a predetermined time.

  In step S112, the ECU 50 checks whether the count number Nm is smaller than 5. When the count number Nm is 5 or more, the process proceeds to step S114. In step S113, the ECU 50 checks whether the count number Nv is smaller than 5. When the count number Nm is 5 or more, the process proceeds to step S114.

  In step S114, ECU 50 determines that engine 100 is abnormal and detects engine abnormality.

  In step S115, the ECU 50 determines that the engine 100 is normal and detects normality of the engine.

The effect of engine 100 will be described.
According to the engine 100, engine abnormality can be detected instantaneously.

  That is, according to the engine 100, the instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) is acquired by the supercharger rotation speed sensor 55, and compared with the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data m1Nt (1cyc). Abnormalities can be detected instantly.

The instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) that is an engine abnormality will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 4, the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc), which is an engine abnormality, is represented by a graph.

  In the lower part of FIG. 4, the change in the in-cylinder pressure Ps of each cylinder 31 in one cycle of the engine 100 is shown along the crank angle. In the upper part of FIG. 4, the change in the turbocharger rotational speed Nt in one cycle of the engine 100 is shown along the crank angle.

  In the upper graph of FIG. 4, the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data m1Nt (1cyc) is represented by a two-dot chain line, and the instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data Nt (1cyc), which is an engine abnormality, is represented by a solid line.

  When the instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) shown in FIG. 4 is compared with the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data m1Nt (1cyc), the magnitude (time average) of the turbocharger rotation speed Nt is substantially the same. Although there is, the periodicity of the supercharger rotation speed Nt is greatly changed. Specifically, in the portion P in the figure, the supercharger rotation speed Nt shows a waveform pattern different from the waveform pattern up to that point.

  In the difference data dNt (1cyc) between the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data m1Nt (1cyc) shown in FIG. 4, the variance V changes greatly. Examples of the engine abnormality exhibiting such a tendency include a misfire in one cylinder 31 or a decrease in the fuel injection amount in one cylinder 31.

The instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) that is an engine abnormality will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 5, the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc), which is an engine abnormality, is represented by a graph.

  In the lower part of FIG. 5, the change in the in-cylinder pressure Ps of each cylinder 31 in one cycle of the engine 100 is shown along the crank angle. In the upper part of FIG. 5, the change in the turbocharger rotational speed Nt in one cycle of the engine 100 is shown along the crank angle.

  In the upper graph of FIG. 5, the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data m1Nt (1cyc) is represented by a two-dot chain line, and the instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data Nt (1cyc), which is an engine abnormality, is represented by a solid line.

  When the instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) and the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger rotation speed data m1Nt (1cyc) shown in FIG. 5 are compared, the magnitude (time average) of the turbocharger rotation speed Nt is greatly different. The periodicity of the supercharger rotation speed Nt is substantially the same.

  In the difference data dNt (1cyc) between the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data Nt (1cyc) and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data m1Nt (1cyc) shown in FIG. 5, the average M greatly changes. Examples of the engine abnormality exhibiting such a tendency include a change in exhaust pressure due to a change in EGR amount, a change in fuel injection timing, and the like.

The flow of engine abnormality detection control S200 will be described with reference to FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 6, the flow of engine abnormality detection control S200 is represented by the flowchart.

  The engine abnormality detection control S200 is a second embodiment according to the engine of the present invention. The engine abnormality detection control S200 is a control in which the ECU 50 detects an abnormality of the engine 100. The engine abnormality detection control S200 is the same as the engine abnormality detection control S100 described above except for step S203 for calculating the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data m2Nt (1cyc), and thus description of each step is omitted.

  In step S203, the ECU 50 calculates appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data m2Nt (1cyc). The appropriate instantaneous supercharger speed data m2Nt (1cyc) is the average data (waveform) of the instantaneous supercharger speed data Nt (1cyc) up to 50 cycles before the present when the engine 100 is normal. Are stored in the ECU 50 in advance.

40 Supercharger 50 ECU (Abnormality Detection Control Unit)
55 Supercharger speed detection means (supercharger speed sensor)
100 Engine Nt (1 cyc) Instantaneous supercharger speed data m1Nt (1 cyc) Proper instantaneous supercharger speed data dNt (1 cyc) Difference data

Claims (2)

A supercharger, a supercharger rotation speed detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the supercharger, and an abnormality detection means for detecting an engine abnormality,
The abnormality detection means uses the turbocharger rotation speed data in one cycle of the engine as instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data, acquires the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data, and stores the instantaneous supercharger stored in advance. Appropriate instantaneous turbocharger rotational speed data at the engine speed and engine load at the time of obtaining the rotational speed data is calculated, and the acquired instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data and the appropriate instantaneous supercharger rotational speed data are calculated. Calculating difference data and detecting an engine abnormality based on an average or variance of the difference data;
engine. A supercharger, a supercharger rotation speed detection means for detecting the rotation speed of the supercharger, and an abnormality detection means for detecting an engine abnormality,
The abnormality detection means uses the turbocharger rotation speed data in one cycle of the engine as instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data, obtains the instantaneous supercharger rotation speed data, The average of the instantaneous turbocharger speed data from the time of acquisition until the predetermined cycle is calculated as the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger speed data, and the acquired instantaneous turbocharger speed data and the appropriate instantaneous turbocharger speed are calculated. Calculating difference data with several data, and detecting an engine abnormality based on an average or variance of the difference data,
engine.

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