JP2016050611A - Rolling support device and manufacturing method of rolling element for the rolling support device - Google Patents

Rolling support device and manufacturing method of rolling element for the rolling support device Download PDF

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JP2016050611A
JP2016050611A JP2014175608A JP2014175608A JP2016050611A JP 2016050611 A JP2016050611 A JP 2016050611A JP 2014175608 A JP2014175608 A JP 2014175608A JP 2014175608 A JP2014175608 A JP 2014175608A JP 2016050611 A JP2016050611 A JP 2016050611A
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rolling
support device
zircon
rolling element
rolling support
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中井　毅
Takeshi Nakai
毅 中井
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NSK Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/32—Balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/40—Ceramics, e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides of a metal
    • F16C2206/42—Ceramics, e.g. carbides, nitrides, oxides, borides of a metal based on ceramic oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
    • F16C2300/02—General use or purpose, i.e. no use, purpose, special adaptation or modification indicated or a wide variety of uses mentioned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/303—Parts of ball or roller bearings of hybrid bearings, e.g. rolling bearings with steel races and ceramic rolling elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling support device which is inexpensive and has good durability, and a manufacturing method of a rolling element for the rolling support device.SOLUTION: In a rolling support device, a rolling element is made of oxide-based ceramics of zircon (ZrSiO), and the rolling element employs zircon whose average particle size is 1 μm or less as a main raw material. In a manufacturing method of the rolling element for the rolling support device, a zircon material is pulverized to a level of the average particle size of 1 μm or less, and after that, an oxide-based ceramic material of zircon (ZrSiO) is manufactured by molding, defatting and sintering with the pulverized zircon as a main raw material.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、例えば、工作機械用、エアコンファンモータやコンプレッサ等のインバータ制御されるモータ用、ＨＤＤのスイングアーム支持用ピボットアーム、サーボモータやステッピングモータ等の揺動運動するモータ用として好適な転がり支持装置及び該転がり支持装置用転動体の製造方法に関する。   The present invention is suitable for, for example, machine tools, inverter-controlled motors such as air conditioner fan motors and compressors, HDD swing pivot supporting pivot arms, servo motors and stepping motors and other suitable rolling motors. The present invention relates to a support device and a method of manufacturing a rolling element for the rolling support device.

エアコンのファンモータでは、省エネ化のためにインバータ制御されていることが多い。しかし、インバータ回路から高周波の電流が発生してモータ内の軸受の内外輪や転動体にも流れ込むことがあり、それにより転動面（レース面）に電食が発生することがある。   In air conditioner fan motors, inverter control is often performed to save energy. However, high-frequency current may be generated from the inverter circuit and may also flow into the inner and outer rings of the bearing in the motor and the rolling elements, which may cause electrolytic corrosion on the rolling surface (race surface).

電食を防止するために様々な提案がなされており、セラミックス製の転動体を用いた転がり軸受を用いることも行われている。しかし、セラミックスとして一般的な窒化珪素は加工精度や機械強度が高いという利点があるものの、高価である。   Various proposals have been made to prevent electrolytic corrosion, and rolling bearings using ceramic rolling elements have also been used. However, silicon nitride, which is common as ceramics, is expensive although it has the advantage of high processing accuracy and mechanical strength.

そこで、ジルコニア−アルミナ系セラミックスは転動体材料とした考案があった。例えば、特許文献１と特許文献２には、ジルコニア−アルミナ系セラミックスを転動体とした転がり軸受が開示され、ジルコニア−アルミナ系セラミックスは窒化珪素と比べて、比較的安価な材料である。   Therefore, there has been a device that uses zirconia-alumina ceramics as a rolling element material. For example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose rolling bearings using zirconia-alumina ceramics as rolling elements, and zirconia-alumina ceramics are relatively inexpensive materials compared to silicon nitride.

特開２００２−１０６５７０号公報JP 2002-106570 A 特開２００２−００５１８０号公報JP 2002-005180 A

しかしながら、転動体の原料コストを更に抑えることで、更に安価な転がり支持装置製品を提供する要求に応える為には、新しい転動体材料を検討する必要がある。   However, in order to further reduce the raw material cost of the rolling elements and meet the demand for providing a more inexpensive rolling support device product, it is necessary to consider new rolling element materials.

そこで、本発明は、転動体を安価で作製され、且つ耐久性の良い転がり支持装置及び、該転がり支持装置用転動体の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rolling support device in which rolling elements are manufactured at low cost and have high durability, and a method for manufacturing the rolling elements for the rolling support device.

上記の課題を解決する為に、本発明の第１の発明は、互いに対向配置された軌道面を備えた第１部材および第２部材と、両部材の軌道面間に転動自在に配置された複数個の転動体と、を少なくとも備え、転動体が転動することにより第１部材および第２部材の一方が他方に対して相対移動する転がり支持装置において、転動体は、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックスで作製されるものであり、平均粒度が1μm以下のジルコンを主な原料として採用していることを特徴とする転がり支持装置を提供している。
また、本発明の第２の発明は、互いに対向配置された軌道面を備えた第１部材および第２部材と、両部材の軌道面間に転動自在に配置された複数個の転動体と、を少なくとも備える転がり支持装置の転動体の製造方法であって、転動体は、ジルコン原料を平均粒度が1μm以下まで粉砕後、粉砕されたジルコンを主な原料として成形、脱脂、焼結することで、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス材を作製されることを特徴とする転がり支持装置用転動体の製造方法を提供している。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the first invention of the present invention is arranged such that the first member and the second member having the raceway surfaces arranged opposite to each other and the raceway surfaces of both members can roll. A rolling support device in which at least one of the first member and the second member moves relative to the other when the rolling element rolls, the rolling element is made of zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) And a rolling support device characterized in that zircon having an average particle size of 1 μm or less is used as a main raw material.
A second invention of the present invention includes a first member and a second member having raceway surfaces arranged to face each other, and a plurality of rolling elements arranged to roll between the raceway surfaces of both members. The rolling element is a method of manufacturing a rolling element of a rolling support device comprising at least a zircon raw material after pulverizing the zircon raw material to an average particle size of 1 μm or less, and molding, degreasing and sintering the pulverized zircon as a main raw material Thus, there is provided a method for producing a rolling element for a rolling support device, characterized in that an oxide-based ceramic material of zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) is produced.

本発明の第１の発明に係る転がり支持装置は、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス転動体を採用しているので、窒化珪素とジルコニアを主成分としたセラミックス転動体と比べて、安価で作製することができるので、原料コストを抑えることができる。また、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス転動体は、平均粒度が1μm以下まで粉砕後のジルコンを原料とすることで、窒化珪素系転動体と同等以上の強度を得るとともに、鋼材で作られた転がり支持装置回転部材との摩耗、特にＳＵＪ２鋼製の転がり支持装置回転部材との摩耗が、窒化珪素系転動体より生じにくい。
本発明の第２の発明に係る転がり支持装置用転動体の製造方法により、転動体を安価で作製することができると同時に、転動体の強度は、窒化珪素系の転動体と同等以上を確保することができ、転がり支持装置の回転部材との摩耗を抑えつつ、窒化珪素系と比べて、優れた耐久性能を有する。 Since the rolling support device according to the first aspect of the present invention employs a zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) oxide-based ceramic rolling element, it is less expensive than a ceramic rolling element mainly composed of silicon nitride and zirconia. Therefore, the raw material cost can be reduced. In addition, zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) oxide-based ceramic rolling elements are made of zircon after pulverization to an average particle size of 1 μm or less, so that the strength is equal to or higher than that of silicon nitride-based rolling elements. Wear with the rolling support device rotating member thus formed, particularly with the SUJ2 steel rolling support device rotating member, is less likely to occur than with the silicon nitride rolling element.
By the method for manufacturing a rolling element for a rolling support device according to the second aspect of the present invention, the rolling element can be manufactured at a low cost, and at the same time, the strength of the rolling element is ensured to be equal to or higher than that of a silicon nitride-based rolling element. It has excellent durability performance as compared with the silicon nitride system while suppressing wear with the rotating member of the rolling support device.

本発明に係る転がり軸受の一実施形態である玉軸受を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the ball bearing which is one Embodiment of the rolling bearing which concerns on this invention.

本発明において、転がり支持装置の構造には制限はなく、例えば図１に示すような玉軸受を例示することができる。図示される玉軸受は、外輪１と内輪２との間に、玉３が転動自在に介装してあり、玉３は、保持器４により所定間隔に維持するようになっている。外輪１及び内輪２の両側部には、それぞれシール溝１１，１２が形成しており、外輪１のシール溝１１には、芯金部材２１と一体化したシール部材２０が装着されており、シールリップ２２の接触面２２ａが内輪２のシール溝１２に接触するように構成されている。また、内輪２とシールリップ２２との間の空間ｓに潤滑剤が封入される。   In the present invention, the structure of the rolling support device is not limited, and for example, a ball bearing as shown in FIG. 1 can be exemplified. In the illustrated ball bearing, a ball 3 is interposed between an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2 so as to be able to roll, and the ball 3 is maintained at a predetermined interval by a cage 4. Seal grooves 11 and 12 are formed on both sides of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, respectively, and a seal member 20 integrated with a core metal member 21 is attached to the seal groove 11 of the outer ring 1 to provide a seal. The contact surface 22 a of the lip 22 is configured to contact the seal groove 12 of the inner ring 2. Further, a lubricant is sealed in a space s between the inner ring 2 and the seal lip 22.

玉３は、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス製である。玉３の作製方法について、まずジルコン原料を平均粒度が1μm以下に至るまで粉砕し、次に粉砕されたジルコンにバインダーを添加し成形し、そして脱脂、焼結を経てジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックスを得て、このセラミックス材で玉３を作製する。 The balls 3 are made of zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) oxide ceramics. Regarding the manufacturing method of the ball 3, first, the zircon raw material is pulverized until the average particle size reaches 1 μm or less, then a binder is added to the pulverized zircon, and the resulting product is degreased and sintered to oxidize zircon (ZrSiO 4 ). A physical ceramic is obtained, and the ball 3 is made of this ceramic material.

次に、本発明のジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス材と窒化珪素材の３点曲げ強度試験及び上記の材料で作られた転動体とする深溝玉軸受（日本精工型番６０８）の耐久試験について、説明する。 Next, a three-point bending strength test of the zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) oxide-based ceramic material and silicon nitride material of the present invention and durability of a deep groove ball bearing (Nippon Seiko Model No. 608) as a rolling element made of the above material The test will be described.

実施例と参考例としてジルコン原料（ＺｒＳｉＯ４）の平均粒度が５μｍ，３μｍ，１μｍ，０．５μｍになるようにボ−ルミル粉砕した。粉砕後はバインダ−を添加し成形し、脱脂及び焼結を経て試験片を作製する。比較例としての窒化珪素試験片も同様な方法で作製する。そして、ＪＩＳ規格（ＪＩＳ Ｒ１６０１）による３点曲げ試験を実施し、その実験結果を表１に示す。表１の結果から、実施例１，２の粒度１μｍ以下のジルコンを原料とした本発明の転動体材料は、窒化珪素材と同等以上の強度を有することを証明した。 As examples and reference examples, ball milling was performed so that the average particle size of the zircon raw material (ZrSiO 4 ) was 5 μm, 3 μm, 1 μm, and 0.5 μm. After pulverization, a binder is added and molded, and a test piece is prepared through degreasing and sintering. A silicon nitride test piece as a comparative example is also produced by the same method. Then, a three-point bending test according to the JIS standard (JIS R1601) was performed, and the experimental results are shown in Table 1. From the results in Table 1, it was proved that the rolling element material of the present invention using the zircon having a particle size of 1 μm or less in Examples 1 and 2 as a raw material had a strength equal to or higher than that of the silicon nitride material.

Figure 2016050611
Figure 2016050611

曲げ強度試験と同様な方法で転動体材料を作製し、それらの転動体材料で玉を作製する。そしてそれぞれ玉を転動体とし、ＳＵＪ２鋼の内外輪を採用した深溝玉軸受（日本精工型番６０８）を試作し、Ｐ／Ｃ＝０．３の荷重条件にて１０００時間の耐久試験を実施した。そして耐久試験後に内輪軌道面の摩耗深さを測定し結果を表３に示す。実施例１，２（粒度１μｍ以下のジルコン）は参考例（粒度１μｍ以上のジルコン）及び比較例（窒化珪素）より軌道面の摩耗深さがかなり浅いことがわかり、この結果から実施例１、２の深溝玉軸受の耐久性が良いことを証明した。   Rolling element materials are produced in the same manner as in the bending strength test, and balls are produced from these rolling element materials. Then, a deep groove ball bearing (Nippon Seiko Model No. 608) adopting SUJ2 steel inner and outer rings as a rolling element was prototyped, and a durability test for 1000 hours was performed under a load condition of P / C = 0.3. The wear depth of the inner ring raceway surface was measured after the durability test, and the results are shown in Table 3. In Examples 1 and 2 (zircon having a particle size of 1 μm or less), it was found that the wear depth of the raceway surface was considerably shallower than that of the reference example (zircon having a particle size of 1 μm or more) and the comparative example (silicon nitride). It was proved that the durability of the No. 2 deep groove ball bearing was good.

本実施形態の転がり軸受は平均粒度が1μm以下のジルコンを主な原料とする転動体を採用しているので、窒化珪素より原料コストが低く、窒化珪素と同等以上の強度を有するとともに耐久性能が優れている。   Since the rolling bearing of the present embodiment employs rolling elements whose main raw material is zircon having an average particle size of 1 μm or less, the raw material cost is lower than that of silicon nitride, the strength is equal to or higher than that of silicon nitride, and the durability performance is high. Are better.

Figure 2016050611
Figure 2016050611

本発明の転がり支持装置は、ジルコンを主な原料とした転動体を採用しており、必要に応じて、ジルコンに各種の添加剤を添加することができる。   The rolling support device of the present invention employs rolling elements made mainly of zircon, and various additives can be added to zircon as necessary.

１ 外輪
２ 内輪
３ 玉
４ 保持器
２０ シール部材
２１ 芯金部材
２２ シールリップ
２２ａ 接触面 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer ring 2 Inner ring 3 Ball 4 Cage 20 Seal member 21 Core metal member 22 Seal lip 22a Contact surface

Claims (2)

互いに対向配置された軌道面を備えた第１部材および第２部材と、両部材の軌道面間に転動自在に配置された複数個の転動体と、を少なくとも備え、転動体が転動することにより第１部材および第２部材の一方が他方に対して相対移動する転がり支持装置において、
前記転動体は、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックスで作製されるものであり、平均粒度が1μm以下のジルコンを主な原料として採用していることを特徴とする転がり支持装置。 At least a first member and a second member having raceway surfaces arranged to face each other, and a plurality of rolling elements arranged to roll between the raceway surfaces of both members, and the rolling elements roll. In the rolling support device in which one of the first member and the second member moves relative to the other,
The rolling support device is characterized in that the rolling element is made of zircon (ZrSiO 4 ) oxide-based ceramics, and uses zircon having an average particle size of 1 μm or less as a main raw material. 互いに対向配置された軌道面を備えた第１部材および第２部材と、両部材の軌道面間に転動自在に配置された複数個の転動体と、を少なくとも備える転がり支持装置の転動体の製造方法であって、転動体は、ジルコン原料を平均粒度が1μm以下まで粉砕後、粉砕されたジルコンを主な原料として成形、脱脂、焼結することで、ジルコン(ＺｒＳｉＯ４)の酸化物系セラミックス材を作製されることを特徴とする転がり支持装置用転動体の製造方法。 A rolling member of a rolling support device comprising at least a first member and a second member having raceway surfaces arranged to face each other, and a plurality of rolling elements arranged to roll between the raceway surfaces of both members. In the manufacturing method, the rolling element is obtained by pulverizing a zircon raw material to an average particle size of 1 μm or less, and then molding, degreasing and sintering the pulverized zircon as a main raw material, thereby forming an oxide system of zircon (ZrSiO 4 ). A method of manufacturing a rolling element for a rolling support device, wherein a ceramic material is produced.
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