JP2016046940A - Axial gap motor - Google Patents

Axial gap motor Download PDF

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JP2016046940A
JP2016046940A JP2014170360A JP2014170360A JP2016046940A JP 2016046940 A JP2016046940 A JP 2016046940A JP 2014170360 A JP2014170360 A JP 2014170360A JP 2014170360 A JP2014170360 A JP 2014170360A JP 2016046940 A JP2016046940 A JP 2016046940A
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teeth
rotor
coil
axial gap
circumferential direction
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圭一 森永
Keiichi Morinaga
圭一 森永
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To secure a sufficient space for winding a coil and further to reduce a space that is not contributed to generation of motor torque, around a center hole in a circumferential direction as further as possible in an axial gap motor including a rotor that is fixed on a rotary shaft, and a stator that is disposed oppositely to the rotor with a gap in an axial direction.SOLUTION: A stator 3includes: a disk-shaped yoke 32 with which a center hole 31 is formed through which a rotary shaft 1 is loosely inserted; and a teeth part 34 which are provided on a surface of the yoke opposite to a rotor 2 and around which a coil 33 is wound. The teeth part is formed from a plurality of inner teeth 34a which are provided in parallel radially inside of the yoke and at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of outer teeth 34b which are provided in parallel radially outside and at intervals in the circumferential directions. The number of electrodes in the rotor is defined as a reference, a ratio of the number of outer teeth with respect to the number of electrodes in the rotor is set to 1.5, and a ratio of the number of inner teeth is set to 1.125 or 0.75.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、回転軸に固定のロータと、このロータに軸方向のギャップを持って対向配置されるステータとを備え、発生する磁束の向きを軸方向としたアキシャルギャップモータに関する。   The present invention relates to an axial gap motor that includes a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft and a stator that is opposed to the rotor with an axial gap, and the direction of generated magnetic flux is the axial direction.

この種のアキシャルギャップモータは例えば特許文献１で知られている。この従来例のものにおいて、ステータは、回転軸が遊挿される中心孔を形成した円板状のヨークと、ヨークのロータとの対向面に周方向に間隔を存して並設される複数個のティース（ティース部）とを備え、各ティースには、三相の（励磁）コイルが夫々巻回されている。各ティースは、その面積を可及的に大きくするため、径方向内側から外側に向かって拡大する略扇形に形成され、ヨークに各ティースを配置したとき、互いに隣接する各ティースの間の間隔（幅）が径方向全長に亘って略均等になるようにしている。なお、ロータとしては、ロータフレームにステータ側の極性を交互にかえて複数のマグネットを周方向に並設したものが一般に用いられる。   This type of axial gap motor is known from Patent Document 1, for example. In this conventional example, the stator includes a plurality of disk-shaped yokes each having a central hole into which a rotation shaft is loosely inserted, and a plurality of the stators arranged side by side in a circumferential direction on a surface facing the rotor of the yoke. Each of the teeth is wound with a three-phase (excitation) coil. In order to enlarge the area as much as possible, each tooth is formed in a substantially fan shape that expands from the inside in the radial direction toward the outside. When each tooth is arranged on the yoke, the distance between each adjacent tooth ( (Width) is substantially uniform over the entire length in the radial direction. As the rotor, a rotor frame in which a plurality of magnets are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction by changing the polarity on the stator side alternately is generally used.

ところで、コイルへの目標とする出力（電圧値、電流値）で所望のモータトルクを得るには、コイルの線径と巻数とを適切に設定することが求められるが、アキシャルギャップモータは、回転軸の軸方向に扁平な構造に特徴がある以上、コイルを巻回するためのスペースを軸方向に拡大することは好ましくない。一方、ヨークサイズを変えずに上記スペースを周方向に拡大するには、例えば各ティースの周方向の幅を小さくして隣接する各ティースの間の間隔を所定以上に拡大することが考えられる。   By the way, in order to obtain a desired motor torque with a target output (voltage value, current value) to the coil, it is required to appropriately set the wire diameter and the number of turns of the coil. Since the structure is flat in the axial direction of the shaft, it is not preferable to expand the space for winding the coil in the axial direction. On the other hand, in order to expand the space in the circumferential direction without changing the yoke size, for example, it is conceivable to reduce the width of each tooth in the circumferential direction to increase the interval between adjacent teeth to a predetermined value or more.

然し、上記従来例のように各ティースが略扇形の場合、各ティースの周方向の幅を小さくすると、ヨークの中心孔から各ティースの最内縁部までの径方向の間隔が拡がってしまい、中心孔の周囲に、ロータの各マグネットと対面する各ティースの部分がなく、モータトルクの発生に寄与しない大きなスペースができてしまうという問題がある。   However, when each tooth is substantially fan-shaped as in the above-described conventional example, if the circumferential width of each tooth is reduced, the radial interval from the center hole of the yoke to the innermost edge of each tooth is increased. There is a problem in that there is no portion of each tooth that faces each magnet of the rotor around the hole, and a large space that does not contribute to the generation of motor torque is created.

特開２０１１−２４２９１号公報JP 2011-24291 A

本発明は、以上の点に鑑み、コイルを巻回するための十分なスペースを周方向に確保でき、その上、中心孔の周囲にモータトルクの発生に寄与しないスペースを可及的に縮小できるようにしたアキシャルギャップモータを提供することをその課題とするものである。   In view of the above points, the present invention can secure a sufficient space for winding the coil in the circumferential direction, and can further reduce the space around the center hole that does not contribute to the generation of motor torque as much as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide such an axial gap motor.

上記の課題を解決するために、回転軸に固定のロータと、このロータに軸方向のギャップを持って対向配置されるステータとを備える本発明のアキシャルギャップモータにおいて、ステータは、回転軸が遊挿される中心孔を形成した円板状のヨークと、ヨークのロータとの対向面に設けられる、コイルが巻回されるティース部とを備え、ティース部が、ヨークの径方向内側で周方向に間隔を存して並設される複数個の内側ティースと、径方向外側で周方向に間隔を存して並設される複数個の外側ティースとで構成され、ロータの極数を基準とし、このロータの極数に対する外側ティースの数の比を１．５とし、内側ティースの数の比を１．１２５または０．７５に設定したことを特徴とする。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the axial gap motor of the present invention comprising a rotor fixed to a rotating shaft and a stator disposed opposite to the rotor with an axial gap, the stator has a rotating shaft that is idle. A disc-shaped yoke having a central hole to be inserted, and a tooth portion around which a coil is wound, which is provided on a surface facing the rotor of the yoke, and the tooth portion is disposed radially inward of the yoke in the radial direction. Consists of a plurality of inner teeth arranged in parallel with a gap and a plurality of outer teeth arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction on the outside in the radial direction, based on the number of poles of the rotor, The ratio of the number of outer teeth to the number of poles of the rotor is set to 1.5, and the ratio of the number of inner teeth is set to 1.125 or 0.75.

本発明によれば、各外側ティースの周方向の幅を小さくして隣接する各ティースの間の間隔を所定以上に拡大することでヨークサイズを変えずにコイルを巻回するためのスペースを周方向に拡大することができ、その上、中心孔の周囲に内側ティースが存することで、モータトルクの発生に寄与しないスペースを可及的に縮小することができる。なお、ロータの極数に対する内側ティースと外側ティースとの数の比が上記以外の場合、モータトルクを発生しないことが確認された。   According to the present invention, the space for winding the coil without changing the yoke size is reduced by reducing the circumferential width of each outer tooth and enlarging the interval between adjacent teeth to a predetermined value or more. In addition, since the inner teeth exist around the center hole, the space that does not contribute to the generation of the motor torque can be reduced as much as possible. In addition, when the ratio of the number of inner teeth and outer teeth with respect to the number of poles of the rotor was other than the above, it was confirmed that no motor torque was generated.

本発明において、前記コイルは、各内側ティースと各外側ティースとに直列接続されることが好ましい。これによれば、接点や電源の追加を不要にでき、有利である。   In the present invention, the coil is preferably connected in series to each inner tooth and each outer tooth. This advantageously eliminates the need for additional contacts and power supplies.

本発明の第１実施形態のアキシャルギャップモータの構成を説明する断面図。Sectional drawing explaining the structure of the axial gap motor of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 図１に示すアキシャルギャップモータのロータの平面図。The top view of the rotor of the axial gap motor shown in FIG. （ａ）は、図１に示すアキシャルギャップモータのステータの平面図、（ｂ）は、コイルの結線を説明する図。(A) is a top view of the stator of the axial gap motor shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a figure explaining the connection of a coil. （ａ）は、第２の実施形態のアキシャルギャップモータのステータの平面図、（ｂ）は、コイルの結線を説明する図。(A) is a top view of the stator of the axial gap motor of 2nd Embodiment, (b) is a figure explaining the connection of a coil.

以下、図面を参照して、所謂１ロータ２ステータ型に適用した場合を例に本発明のアキシャルギャップモータの実施形態を説明する。以下において、回転軸の軸方向を上下方向とし、図１を基準に「上」、「下」といった方向を示す用語を用いるものとする。   Hereinafter, an embodiment of an axial gap motor according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking as an example the case of application to a so-called 1-rotor 2-stator type. In the following, the axial direction of the rotating shaft is the vertical direction, and terms such as “up” and “down” are used with reference to FIG.

図１を参照して、ＧＭ１は第１実施形態のアキシャルギャップモータである。アキシャルギャップモータＧＭ１は、回転軸１に固定のロータ２と、このロータ２の上側または下側に上下方向のギャップＧを夫々持って対向配置されるステータ３１，３２とを備え、発生する磁束の向きを軸方向としたものである。 Referring to FIG. 1, GM 1 is an axial gap motor according to the first embodiment. The axial gap motor GM 1 includes a rotor 2 fixed to the rotary shaft 1 and stators 3 1 and 3 2 disposed opposite to each other with a vertical gap G on the upper side or the lower side of the rotor 2. The direction of the magnetic flux to be used is the axial direction.

ロータ２は、図２に示すように、ロータフレーム２１を備え、ロータフレーム２１には、ステータ３１，３２側の極性を周方向に交互にかえて、夫々が同一の略扇形の輪郭を持つ複数のマグネット（永久磁石）２２が周方向に等間隔で組み込まれている（本実施形態では、極数が１６）。なお、ロータ２としては、公知のものが利用できるため、これ以上の詳細な説明を省略する。他方、ステータ３１，３２は同一の構造を持つため、上側に位置するステータ３１について説明すると、ステータ３１は回転軸１が遊挿される中心孔３１を形成した円板状のヨーク３２と、ヨーク３２のロータ２との対向面に設けられる、三相の（励磁）コイル３３が夫々巻回されるティース部３４とを備える。 As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 2 includes a rotor frame 21, and the rotor frame 21 has the same substantially fan-shaped contours by alternately changing the polarities of the stators 3 1 and 3 2 in the circumferential direction. A plurality of magnets (permanent magnets) 22 are incorporated at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (in this embodiment, the number of poles is 16). In addition, since a well-known thing can be utilized as the rotor 2, the detailed description beyond this is abbreviate | omitted. On the other hand, the stator 3 1, 3 2 to have the same structure, explaining the stator 3 1 located on the upper side, the stator 3 1 a rotating shaft 1 is a disc-shaped forming a center hole 31 which is loosely inserted yoke 32 And a tooth portion 34 around which a three-phase (excitation) coil 33 is wound, which is provided on the surface of the yoke 32 facing the rotor 2.

ティース部３４は、図３（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、ヨーク３２の径方向内側で周方向に等間隔で並設される複数個の内側ティース３４ａと、径方向外側で周方向に等間隔で並設される複数個の外側ティース３４ｂとに分けて構成されている。内側ティース３４ａと外側ティース３４ｂとは、径方向内側から外側に向かって拡大する略扇形に夫々形成されている。この場合、ロータ２の極数を基準とし、ロータ２の極数に対する外側ティース３４ｂの数の比が１．５、内側ティース３４ａの数の比が０．７５に夫々設定されている。そして、三相のコイル３３は、周方向にＵ相のコイル３３ａ、Ｖ相のコイル３３ｂ、Ｗ相のコイル３３ｃの順序を繰り返すように各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回されている。   As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the teeth portion 34 includes a plurality of inner teeth 34 a arranged in parallel at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the radially inner side of the yoke 32, and a circumferential direction on the radially outer side. And a plurality of outer teeth 34b arranged in parallel at equal intervals. The inner teeth 34a and the outer teeth 34b are each formed in a substantially fan shape that expands from the radially inner side to the outer side. In this case, the ratio of the number of outer teeth 34b to the number of poles of the rotor 2 is set to 1.5, and the ratio of the number of inner teeth 34a to the number of poles of the rotor 2 is set to 0.75. The three-phase coil 33 is wound around each of the inner teeth 34a and each of the outer teeth 34b so as to repeat the order of the U-phase coil 33a, the V-phase coil 33b, and the W-phase coil 33c in the circumferential direction. ing.

即ち、Ｕ相の電源Ｅ１に接続されるＵ相のコイル３３ａは、いずれかの内側ティース３４ａに先ず巻回され（Ｕ１）、次に、内側ティース３４ａの径方向外側に位置する外側ティース３４ｂに巻回され（Ｕ２）、次に、周方向に３個ずれた外側ティース３４ｂに巻回される（Ｕ３）。次いで、上記内側ティース３４ａから周方向に３個ずれた他の内側ティース３４ａに巻回され（Ｕ４）、次に、他の内側ティース３４ａの径方向外側に位置する外側ティース３４ｂに巻回され（Ｕ５）、次に、周方向に３個ずれた外側ティース３４ｂに巻回される（Ｕ６）。そして、上記他の内側ティース３４ａから周方向に３個ずれた更に他の内側ティース３４ａに巻回され（Ｕ７）、次に、内側ティース３４ａの径方向外側に位置する外側ティース３４ｂに巻回され（Ｕ８）、次に、周方向に３個ずれた外側ティース３４ｂに巻回される（Ｕ９）。最後に、上記更に他の内側ティース３４ａから周方向に３個ずれた更に他の内側ティース３４ａに巻回され（Ｕ１０）、次に、内側ティース３４ａの径方向外側に位置する外側ティース３４ｂに巻回され（Ｕ１１）、次に、周方向に３個ずれた外側ティース３４ｂに巻回される（Ｕ１２）。   That is, the U-phase coil 33a connected to the U-phase power source E1 is first wound around any one of the inner teeth 34a (U1), and then the outer teeth 34b positioned on the radially outer side of the inner teeth 34a. It is wound (U2), and is then wound on the outer teeth 34b shifted by three in the circumferential direction (U3). Next, it is wound around another inner tooth 34a that is shifted by three in the circumferential direction from the inner teeth 34a (U4), and then wound around an outer tooth 34b that is located radially outside the other inner teeth 34a ( Next, it is wound around the outer teeth 34b shifted by three in the circumferential direction (U6). Then, it is wound around another inner tooth 34a that is shifted by three in the circumferential direction from the other inner teeth 34a (U7), and then wound around an outer tooth 34b that is located radially outside the inner teeth 34a. (U8) Next, it is wound around the outer teeth 34b shifted by three in the circumferential direction (U9). Finally, it is wound around another inner tooth 34a that is shifted by three in the circumferential direction from the other inner tooth 34a (U10), and then wound around the outer tooth 34b positioned radially outside the inner tooth 34a. Then, it is wound (U11), and then wound around the outer teeth 34b shifted by three in the circumferential direction (U12).

上記と同様にして、Ｖ相の電源Ｅ２に接続されるＶ相のコイル３３ｂが、各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回され（Ｖ１〜Ｖ１２）、また、Ｗ相の電源Ｅ３に接続されるＷ相のコイル３３ｃが、各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回される（Ｗ１〜Ｗ１２）。なお、特に図示して説明しないが、内側ティース３３ａと外側ティース３３ｂとに直列接続するための結線は、例えばティース部３３が設けられたヨーク３２の面に設ければよい。   Similarly to the above, the V-phase coil 33b connected to the V-phase power source E2 is wound around each of the inner teeth 34a and each of the outer teeth 34b (V1 to V12), and the W-phase power source E3. W-phase coils 33c connected to the inner teeth 34a and the outer teeth 34b are wound around the inner teeth 34a and the outer teeth 34b, respectively (W1 to W12). Although not particularly illustrated and described, the connection for connecting in series with the inner teeth 33a and the outer teeth 33b may be provided on the surface of the yoke 32 provided with the teeth portion 33, for example.

以上によれば、各外側ティース３４ｂの周方向の幅を大きくして隣接する各外側ティース３４ｂの間の間隔Ｄを所定以上に拡大することでヨーク３２サイズを変えずにコイル３３を巻回するためのスペースを周方向に拡大することができる。しかも、中心孔３１の周囲に内側ティース３３ａが存することで、モータトルクの発生に寄与しないスペースを可及的に縮小することができる。また、三相のコイル３３ａ〜３３ｃを各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々直列接続したため、接点や電源の追加を不要にでき、有利である。   According to the above, the coil 33 is wound without changing the size of the yoke 32 by increasing the circumferential width of each outer tooth 34b and increasing the distance D between adjacent outer teeth 34b to a predetermined value or more. Space can be expanded in the circumferential direction. Moreover, since the inner teeth 33a exist around the center hole 31, the space that does not contribute to the generation of the motor torque can be reduced as much as possible. Further, since the three-phase coils 33a to 33c are connected in series to the respective inner teeth 34a and the respective outer teeth 34b, it is possible to eliminate the need for additional contacts and power sources, which is advantageous.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記のものに限定されるものではない。上記実施形態では、ロータ２の極数を１６とし、ロータ２の極数に対する内側ティース３４ａと外側ティース３４ｂとの数の比を上記の如く設定したものを例に説明したが、ロータ２の極数は上記に限定されるものではなく、ロータ２の極数に応じてステータ３１，３２の各層のコイル数が設定される。また、Ｕ相のコイル３３ａ、Ｖ相のコイル３３ｂ及びＷ相のコイル３３ｃが各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回されたものをＵ相、Ｖ相及びＷ相の順に周方向に配置したものを例にしているが、配置はこれに限定されるものではない。 As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said thing. In the above embodiment, the number of poles of the rotor 2 is 16 and the ratio of the number of the inner teeth 34a and the outer teeth 34b to the number of poles of the rotor 2 is set as described above. The number is not limited to the above, and the number of coils in each layer of the stators 3 1 and 3 2 is set according to the number of poles of the rotor 2. A U-phase coil 33a, a V-phase coil 33b, and a W-phase coil 33c are wound around the inner teeth 34a and the outer teeth 34b, respectively, in the circumferential direction in the order of U phase, V phase, and W phase. However, the arrangement is not limited to this.

また、ロータ２の極数に対する外側ティース３４ｂの数の比を１．５にした場合において、モータトルクを効果的に発生させるためには、内側ティース３４ａの数の比を１．１２５に設定してもよい。この場合、図４（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、Ｕ相のコイル３４ａが各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回され（Ｕ１００〜Ｕ１１３）、Ｖ相のコイル３３ｂが、各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回され（Ｖ１００〜Ｖ１１３）、また、Ｗ相の電源Ｅ３に接続されるＷ相のコイル３３ｃが各内側ティース３４ａと各外側ティース３４ｂとに夫々巻回される（Ｗ１００〜Ｗ１１３）ようにしておけばよい。   Further, when the ratio of the number of outer teeth 34b to the number of poles of the rotor 2 is 1.5, the ratio of the number of inner teeth 34a is set to 1.125 in order to effectively generate motor torque. May be. In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the U-phase coil 34a is wound around each of the inner teeth 34a and each of the outer teeth 34b (U100 to U113), and the V-phase coil 33b is formed. Each of the inner teeth 34a and each of the outer teeth 34b is wound (V100 to V113), and a W-phase coil 33c connected to the W-phase power source E3 is connected to each of the inner teeth 34a and each of the outer teeth 34b. What is necessary is just to make it wind, respectively (W100-W113).

ＧＭ１，ＧＭ２…アキシャルギャップモータ、１…回転軸、２…ロータ、３１，３２…ステータ、３１…中心孔、３２…ヨーク、３３ａ,３３ｂ、３３ｃ…コイル、３４ａ…内側ティース（ティース部）、３４ｂ…外側ティース（ティース部）。 GM 1 , GM 2 ... axial gap motor, 1 ... rotating shaft, 2 ... rotor, 3 1 , 3 2 ... stator, 31 ... center hole, 32 ... yoke, 33a, 33b, 33c ... coil, 34a ... inner teeth (teeth) Part), 34b ... outer teeth (teeth part).

Claims (2)

回転軸に固定のロータと、このロータに軸方向のギャップを持って対向配置されるステータとを備え、ステータは、回転軸が遊挿される中心孔を形成した円板状のヨークと、ヨークのロータとの対向面に設けられる、コイルが巻回されるティース部とを備えるアキシャルギャップモータにおいて、
ティース部が、ヨークの径方向内側で周方向に間隔を存して並設される複数個の内側ティースと、径方向外側で周方向に間隔を存して並設される複数個の外側ティースとで構成され、ロータの極数を基準とし、このロータの極数に対する外側ティースの数の比を１．５とし、内側ティースの数の比を１．１２５または０．７５に設定したことを特徴とするアキシャルギャップモータ。 The rotor includes a rotor fixed to the rotation shaft and a stator disposed opposite to the rotor with an axial gap. The stator includes a disk-shaped yoke having a central hole into which the rotation shaft is loosely inserted, In an axial gap motor provided with a teeth portion on which a coil is wound, which is provided on a surface facing the rotor,
A plurality of inner teeth in which the teeth are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction on the radially inner side of the yoke, and a plurality of outer teeth in which the teeth are arranged in parallel on the radially outer side with a spacing in the circumferential direction The ratio of the number of outer teeth to the number of poles of this rotor is set to 1.5, and the ratio of the number of inner teeth is set to 1.125 or 0.75. A characteristic axial gap motor. 前記コイルは、各内側ティースと各外側ティースとに直列接続されることを特徴とする請求項１記載のアキシャルギャップモータ。
The axial gap motor according to claim 1, wherein the coil is connected in series to each inner tooth and each outer tooth.
JP2014170360A 2014-08-25 2014-08-25 Axial gap motor Pending JP2016046940A (en)

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