JP2016043804A - Power supply system for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply system for a vehicle capable of promoting reduction in size and weight of an alternator, improvement in performance such as acceleration property and hill climbing of a vehicle, improvement in fuel cost, and purification of exhaust gas, and realizing efficient power supply of a battery-less type vehicle.SOLUTION: A power supply system 1 for a vehicle which supplies electric power to an onboard electric device includes a power distribution supply means in which the amount of distributed power to respective electric devices is calculated by a control part 31 according to a load state of respective electric devices, and based on the power distribution amount calculated by the control part 31, power distribution supply parts 22, 23 distribute and supply the electric power generated by an alternator 10 to respective electric devices.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle power supply system.

In North America and Scandinavian countries, snowmobiles are widely used as an important means of transportation and transportation during winter snowfall. Since it is necessary to travel on hilly and mountainous areas where snow has fallen off general roads, weight reduction of the engine and the vehicle body is the top priority. Most are manual starters (recoil starters) that do not use an electric starter.
And the electric power required for the engine and vehicle electrical components is generated by an alternator (alternator) mounted on the engine, the voltage is adjusted by a regulator, and a part is rectified to direct current and supplied directly to the required equipment. From the viewpoint of weight reduction, a battery-less system that does not include a battery is generally used.
In recent years, the load on electrical equipment mounted on vehicles including snowmobiles has tended to increase. Therefore, by efficiently supplying power to each electrical equipment, the power generation load on the engine can be reduced. Improving fuel economy is an important development issue.
As techniques for solving such problems, there are those shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-261887 JP 2006-205867 A

The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an invention related to a power generation control device in a vehicle power distribution device, and has an advantage of preventing malfunction of electrical equipment due to power fluctuation.
The technology of Patent Document 2 is an invention relating to a power supply system and a power supply control method, and has an advantage of avoiding an operation stop of the electrical equipment as much as possible and reducing a passenger's discomfort associated with the operation stop of the electrical equipment.
However, Patent Documents 1 and 2 are inventions relating to a vehicle system including a battery and an alternator to the last, and there is a problem that it cannot be applied to a battery-less vehicle.

  Accordingly, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and can reduce the size and weight of the alternator, improve the acceleration performance of the vehicle, climbing performance, etc., improve the fuel consumption, and purify the exhaust gas. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle power supply system that can realize efficient power supply in a battery-less vehicle.

In order to achieve the above object, a vehicle power supply system according to the present invention is a vehicle power supply system that supplies power to an on-board electrical equipment, and each electrical equipment according to the load status of each electrical equipment. And a power distribution supply means for the power distribution supply section to distribute the power generated by the alternator to each of the electrical equipment based on the power distribution amount calculated by the control section. The first feature is to provide.
In the vehicle power supply system according to the present invention, in addition to the first feature, the power distribution and supply unit supplies power generated by the first winding provided in the alternator to the first electrical equipment group. Provided in the first power supply unit, the control unit is provided in the second power supply unit that supplies power generated by the second winding provided in the alternator to the second electrical equipment group, and The control unit and the power distribution and supply unit stop operating in cooperation with each other when starting the engine, and the first power supply unit and the second power supply unit include the first winding and the second power supply. A second feature is that the electric power generated by each of the windings is intensively supplied to electrical equipment necessary for starting the engine.
In the vehicle power supply system according to the present invention, in addition to the first or second feature, the power distribution amount calculated by the control unit is a distribution corresponding to the load of each electrical device calculated according to the driving situation. The third feature is to obtain it based on the rate and the coefficient corresponding to the factor that affects the power consumption.
Further, in addition to any one of the first to third features, the vehicle power supply system according to the present invention is a battery-less vehicle power supply system for snowmobiles as a fourth feature. .

According to the vehicle power supply system according to the first feature described above, there is provided a vehicle power supply system that supplies power to the on-board electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment is connected to each electrical equipment according to the load status of each electrical equipment. The control unit calculates a power distribution amount, and includes a power distribution supply unit that distributes the power generated by the alternator to each of the electrical equipment based on the power distribution amount calculated by the control unit. Therefore, the power generated by the alternator can be efficiently supplied without waste according to the load status of each electrical equipment. Therefore, it is not necessary to generate more power than required by each electrical equipment, and the alternator can be reduced in size and weight. As a result, the vehicle can be reduced in size and weight, and the vehicle can be improved in performance, such as acceleration and climbing performance, and fuel consumption can be improved. Further, exhaust gas and exhaust heat can be reduced, and environmental load can be reduced.
Further, according to the vehicle power supply system according to the second feature, in addition to the function and effect of the first feature, the power distribution supply unit generates power generated by the first winding provided in the alternator. A second power supply unit is provided in a first power supply unit that supplies power to the first electrical equipment group, and the control unit supplies power generated by the second winding provided in the alternator to the second electrical equipment group. The control unit and the power distribution supply unit are provided in a power supply unit, and the engine and the power distribution supply unit stop operating in cooperation with each other when the engine is started, and the first power supply unit and the second power supply unit are connected to the first power supply unit. Since the electric power generated by the second winding and the second winding is intensively supplied to the electrical equipment necessary for starting the engine, the engine can be started reliably and easily.

Further, according to the vehicle power supply system according to the third feature, in addition to the function and effect of the first or second feature, the power distribution amount calculated by the control unit is calculated according to the driving situation. Since it is calculated based on the distribution ratio corresponding to the load of the electrical equipment and the coefficient corresponding to the factor that affects the power consumption, the total power generated by the alternator according to the operating situation is effectively minimized. You can stay.
According to the vehicle power supply system according to the fourth feature, a batteryless vehicle power supply system for snowmobiles using the vehicle power supply system according to any one of the first to third features. As a result, efficient power supply in a battery-less vehicle can be realized. Further, the weight of the snowmobile can be reduced, and the snowmobile can be improved in performance such as acceleration and climbing performance and fuel efficiency. Moreover, it can be set as the snowmobile which can reduce exhaust gas and exhaust heat, and can reduce environmental impact.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a vehicle power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a state when an engine is started. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a vehicle power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a state during normal operation. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows schematic structure of the conventional electric power supply system for vehicles.

  Hereinafter, with reference to each drawing, the electric power supply system for vehicles concerning the embodiment of the present invention is explained, and it serves for an understanding of the present invention. However, the following description does not limit the present invention described in the claims.

  1 and 2, a vehicle power supply system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a system for supplying power to a plurality of loads mounted on a snowmobile equipped with a gasoline engine. In the following, the main components of the present invention will be described in detail, and descriptions of various devices normally mounted on a snowmobile equipped with a gasoline engine will be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the vehicle power supply system 1 includes an alternator 10, a first power supply unit 20, a second power supply unit 30, a first electrical equipment group 40, a second And the electrical equipment group 50.
In FIGS. 1 and 2, a solid line means a power supply line, and a broken line means a signal line. Here, for convenience of explanation, only the characteristic signal lines in the embodiment of the present invention are shown as signal lines, and other signal lines are omitted.

  The alternator 10 is a power source for being connected directly to a crankshaft of an engine (not shown) and supplying electric power to a plurality of electrical equipment. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two windings of a first winding 11 and a second winding 12 are provided.

  The first power supply unit 20 corresponds to a so-called regulator for supplying the power generated by the alternator 10 to the first electrical equipment group 40, and mainly includes the adjustment / rectification unit 21 and the power distribution supply unit 22. , 23.

  The adjusting / rectifying unit 21 is for maintaining the electric power generated by the alternator 10 which is an AC generator at a constant value and for rectifying it for DC devices.

  The power distribution and supply units 22 and 23 are arranged downstream of the adjustment / rectification unit 21, and the power generated by the alternator 10 is predetermined based on the power distribution amount calculated after the engine is started by the control unit 31 described later. It is for distributing and supplying to the electrical equipment group. In the present embodiment, the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 are configured by so-called intelligent power devices, and perform their operations according to control signals from the control unit 31. More specifically, the operation is performed by a control signal generated after the control unit 31 determines that the engine has shifted during normal operation after the engine is started. That is, when the engine is started, the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 are in a stopped state. Here, “during normal operation” means that a sensor (not shown) that detects the rotational speed of the engine measures a rotational speed of 900 rpm (Revolution Per Minute) or more.

  The second power supply unit 30 corresponds to a so-called ECU (Engine Control Unit) that controls the drive of the engine, supplies power generated by the alternator 10 to the second electrical equipment group 50, and during normal operation. This is for instructing the power generated by the first winding 11 to be efficiently distributed and supplied by the power distribution and supply units 22 and 23. The main part used in the embodiment of the present invention is the control unit 31 and The adjustment / rectification unit 32 and the storage unit 33 are provided.

  The control unit 31 incorporates a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and mainly based on information from sensors (not shown) attached to various parts of the engine and various parts of the vehicle body, the engine ignition timing, the fuel injection timing and the injection amount, This is for controlling the power supplied by the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 by controlling the opening degree of the exhaust control device and detecting the load state of the vehicle body side electrical components during normal operation.

In the present embodiment, in addition to the control at the time of engine start, the electric power supplied to the electrical equipment (the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle electrical equipment 43 described later) whose required power changes in the driving situation (load situation) during normal operation. The control unit 31 controls the amount.
Specifically, based on the distribution ratio corresponding to each electrical equipment (engine electrical equipment 42 and vehicle body electrical equipment 43) calculated according to the driving situation, and the coefficient corresponding to the factor affecting the power consumption. The power distribution ratio to each electrical equipment (the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43) is calculated in advance, and this power distribution ratio is stored in the storage unit 33 as a so-called calibration map (Calibration Map). Then, using the calibration map, the control unit 31 obtains an optimal power distribution amount for each electrical device (the engine electrical device 42 and the vehicle body electrical device 43) during normal operation. Thereafter, among the electric power generated by the first winding 11 during the normal operation, each electric device (engine electric device) is calculated by the power distribution amount obtained by the control unit 31 by subtracting the electric power supplied to the fuel pump 41 described later. 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43), the control unit 31 is configured to transmit control signals to the power distribution supply units 22 and 23. That is, the control unit 31 and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 constitute the power distribution supply unit of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the control unit 31 and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 do not cooperate with each other when the engine is started, and the control unit 31 and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 interact with each other only during normal operation. It is configured to perform an operation linked to.
Here, the “distribution rate corresponding to each electrical device calculated according to the driving situation” drives the engine, which changes according to the driving situation of the vehicle body during normal operation such as the engine speed and the throttle opening. It means a distribution ratio for each electrical device (engine electrical device 42 and vehicle electrical device 43) calculated using the power amount necessary for driving the vehicle body electrical device and the power amount necessary for driving the vehicle body electrical device. is there. “Factors affecting power consumption” mean environmental factors such as air temperature, atmospheric pressure, and cooling water temperature.
In the present embodiment, the control unit 31 is configured to constantly monitor the output voltages of the two windings 11 and 12 of the alternator 10 and the output voltage of the first power supply unit 20.

  The adjusting / rectifying unit 32 is for maintaining a voltage generated by the alternator 10 as an AC generator at a constant value and rectifying the voltage for a DC device.

  The storage unit 33 stores various types of data such as calibration map data relating to a power distribution ratio calculated in advance, fuel injection amount data calculated in advance based on sensor information such as temperature, pressure, and cooling water temperature, and ignition timing data. Is for storing.

  The first electrical equipment group 40 is a plurality of electrical equipment to which power generated by the first winding 11 of the alternator 10 is supplied. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a fuel pump for supplying fuel 41, engine electrical equipment 42, and vehicle body electrical equipment 43.

  The engine electrical equipment 42 is a load necessary for driving the engine, and includes, for example, an oil pump, an exhaust control device, an operation instrument, and the like.

  The vehicle body electrical equipment 43 includes electrical equipment such as a headlamp, a speedometer, a stop lamp, etc. for ensuring the convenience and visibility of the driver and notifying the surroundings of the behavior of the vehicle. Accessory equipment for ensuring comfort, such as a hand warmer, is included.

  The second electrical equipment group 50 is a plurality of electrical equipment to which the power generated by the second winding 12 of the alternator 10 is supplied. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ignition system equipment 51, the fuel injection It consists of a system device 52 and a control system device 53.

  The ignition system device 51 is a device necessary for igniting a mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber at an appropriate time, and includes, for example, an ignition coil.

  The fuel injection system device 52 is a device necessary for injecting an appropriate amount of fuel at an appropriate time, and includes, for example, a fuel injection pump.

  The control system device 53 is a device necessary for controlling the engine and the vehicle body, and includes, for example, a sensor power source.

  Next, a specific operation of the vehicle power distribution system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration will be described.

[When starting the engine]
First, referring to FIG. 1, when the driver pulls a rope wound around a pulley (not shown) to give rotation to the crankshaft (so-called recoil starter system), alternator 10 starts power generation.
At this time, since the crankshaft rotation speed only increases to about 300 rpm, the power that can be generated by the alternator 10 is extremely limited.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the power generated by the first winding 11 is configured to be intensively supplied to the fuel pump 41 via the adjustment / rectification unit 21 of the first power supply unit 20. The power generated by the second winding 12 is supplied to the ignition system device 51, the fuel injection system device 52, and the control system device 53 via the adjustment / rectification unit 32 in the second power supply unit 30. . At this time, as described above, the operation in which the control unit 31 and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 cooperate with each other is not performed.
That is, in the present embodiment, all the electric power generated by the first winding 11 and the second winding 12 at the time of starting the engine is intensively supplied to each electrical equipment for starting the engine.

[After engine start]
After determining that the control unit 31 has shifted to normal operation after the engine is started, the control unit 31 and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 cooperate with each other in addition to the power supply performed at the time of starting the engine. The operation is started, and power supply to each electrical equipment necessary for traveling the vehicle is started.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, first, using a calibration map created in advance based on sensor information such as engine speed, throttle opening, cooling water temperature, air temperature, atmospheric pressure, etc., which changes from time to time, The control unit 31 determines the optimum distribution amount of the power supplied to each of the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43. And the control part 31 transmits a control signal to the electric power distribution supply parts 22 and 23 so that the electric power based on the distribution amount is supplied to the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43. As a result, a part of the electric power generated by the first winding 11 and sent to the adjusting / rectifying unit 21 (electric power other than the electric power supplied to the fuel pump 41) is supplied to the engine electrical equipment by the power distribution supply units 22 and 23. 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43 are distributed and supplied.

The vehicular power supply system 1 having such a configuration has the following effects.
The power distribution supply units 22 and 23 are provided in the first power supply unit 20 that supplies the power generated by the first winding 11 provided in the alternator 10 to the first electrical equipment group 40, and the control unit 31 includes The second power supply unit 30 that supplies power generated by the second winding 12 provided to the alternator 10 to the second electrical equipment group 50 is provided, and the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 and the control unit 31 are provided. The first power supply unit 20 and the second power supply unit 30 generate electric power generated by the first winding 11 and the second winding 12 respectively when the engine is started. By configuring the fuel pump 41 and the second electrical equipment group 50, which are necessary for starting, to supply them in a concentrated manner, even a so-called recoil starter engine can be started efficiently and easily. It is possible.

  Further, during normal operation after the engine is started, the control unit 31 calculates the power distribution amount to the engine electrical device 42 and the vehicle body electrical device 43 according to the load status of the electrical device, and also calculates the power distribution amount calculated by the control unit 31. Based on the configuration, the power distribution supply units 22 and 23 distribute and supply the electric power generated by the alternator 10 to the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43, thereby supplying the engine electrical equipment 42 and the body electrical equipment 43. Winding for generating electric power to be generated can be consolidated into one winding, and electric power generated by the alternator 10 (first winding 11) is wasted depending on the load conditions of the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43 Can be supplied efficiently. Therefore, it is not necessary to generate more power than the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43 need, and the alternator 10 can be reduced in size and weight. As a result, the vehicle can be reduced in size and weight, and the vehicle can be improved in performance, such as acceleration and climbing performance, and fuel consumption can be improved. Further, exhaust gas and exhaust heat can be reduced, and environmental load can be reduced.

  The power distribution amount calculated by the control unit 31 is a distribution rate corresponding to the engine electrical equipment 42 and the vehicle body electrical equipment 43 calculated according to the driving situation, and a coefficient corresponding to a factor that affects the power consumption. Based on the configuration obtained based on the calibration map stored in advance in the storage unit 33, the total power generated by the alternator 10 can be efficiently reduced to the minimum in accordance with the driving situation.

  In addition, since the control unit 31 is configured to constantly monitor the output voltage of each of the windings 11 and 12 of the alternator 10 and the output voltage of the first power supply unit 20, when an abnormality occurs in the electrical system, the location where the failure occurs Identification and necessary evacuation control can be performed quickly.

  By using the vehicle power supply system 1 having such a configuration as a battery-less vehicle power supply system for snowmobiles, it is possible to reduce the weight of the snowmobile and improve performance such as acceleration and climbing performance. The snowmobile can improve fuel efficiency. Moreover, it can be set as the snowmobile which can reduce exhaust gas and exhaust heat, and can reduce environmental impact.

That is, in the conventional vehicle power supply system 2 for snowmobiles, as shown in FIG. 3, the first winding 3a for generating electric power for the engine electrical equipment 7 including the oil pump necessary for engine operation is provided. And a second winding 3b for generating electric power for vehicle body electrical equipment 8 such as lights on the vehicle body and hand warmers, and fuel such as engine ignition system equipment, fuel injection system equipment and ECU power for controlling the same. A configuration in which the alternator 3 includes three windings including a third winding 3c that generates electric power for the control electrical equipment 9 is generally used.
Since the vehicle power supply system having such a configuration is configured to generate power individually with three different types of windings, depending on the operating conditions, the windings generate more power than required by the electrical equipment. To occur. When excessive power is generated in this way, the first power supply unit 4, the second power supply unit 5, and the third power supply unit 6 consume power to generate a voltage drop in order to prevent a voltage rise. Therefore, adjust the voltage applied to the electrical equipment to be constant. Therefore, the consumed power becomes heat and is discarded by heat dissipation. This is a waste of part of the thermal energy in the fuel consumed by the engine for power generation, which is a problem in terms of fuel economy and the environment.

  In addition, since it is necessary to satisfy the maximum required power of the load connected to each of the three different types of windings for each winding, it is necessary to provide a sufficient margin for the total output of the alternator 3. There is a problem that the weight reduction of the vehicle cannot be realized due to the increase in size and weight. In addition, since the total power generation load applied to the engine increases, there is a problem that the acceleration performance and the climbing performance in traveling the vehicle are reduced.

  Therefore, by adopting the configuration of the vehicle power supply system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the alternator 10 can be reduced in size and weight, and the performance of the vehicle such as acceleration and climbing performance can be improved. It becomes possible to realize improvement and reduction of exhaust gas by the improvement.

  In the present embodiment, two power distribution supply units are provided. However, the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and the number of power distribution supply units can be changed as appropriate as long as the number is two or more.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the alternator, improve performance of the vehicle such as acceleration and climbing performance, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce exhaust gas due to these improvements. Industrial applicability is high in the field of battery-less vehicles such as snowmobiles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric power supply system for vehicles 2 Electric power supply system for vehicles 3 Alternator 3a 1st coil | winding 3b 2nd coil | winding 3c 3rd coil | winding 4 1st electric power supply part 4a Adjustment / rectification part 5 2nd electric power supply part 5a Adjustment / rectification Section 6 Third power supply section 6a Adjustment / rectification section 7 Engine electrical equipment 8 Body electrical equipment 9 Fuel / control electrical equipment 10 Alternator 11 First winding 12 Second winding 20 First power supply section 21 Adjustment / rectification section 22 Power distribution supply unit 23 Power distribution supply unit 30 Second power supply unit 31 Control unit 32 Adjustment / rectification unit 33 Storage unit 40 First electrical equipment group 41 Fuel pump 42 Engine electrical equipment 43 Car body electrical equipment 50 Second electrical equipment Group 51 Ignition system equipment 52 Fuel injection system equipment 53 Control system equipment

Claims (4)

  A power supply system for a vehicle that supplies electric power to an on-board electric device, wherein the control unit calculates a power distribution amount to each electric device according to a load state of each electric device, and the control unit A power supply system for a vehicle, comprising: a power distribution supply unit that distributes and supplies power generated by the alternator to each of the electrical equipment based on the calculated power distribution amount.   The power distribution and supply unit is provided in the first power supply unit that supplies power generated by the first winding provided in the alternator to the first electrical equipment group, and the control unit is provided in the alternator. Provided in a second power supply unit that supplies power generated by the second winding to the second electrical equipment group, and the control unit and the power distribution supply unit operate in cooperation with each other when the engine is started. While stopping, the first power supply unit and the second power supply unit concentrate the electric power generated by the first winding and the second winding respectively on the electrical equipment necessary for starting the engine. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle power supply system is supplied to the vehicle.   The power distribution amount calculated by the control unit is obtained on the basis of a distribution rate corresponding to the load of each electrical equipment calculated according to the operation status and a coefficient corresponding to a factor affecting the power consumption. The vehicle power supply system according to claim 1 or 2.   The vehicle power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is a batteryless vehicle power supply system for a snowmobile.

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