JP2016038769A - Optimum specifications determination support system for hybrid vehicle, optimum specifications determination support method, and recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To further highly accurately determine hybrid vehicles with optimum specifications capable of exerting substantial fuel consumption decreasing effects.SOLUTION: An optimum specifications determination support system for hybrid vehicles prestores, in a database (1), fundamental vehicle weight information and the like of hybrid vehicles (A-C) with different specifications respectively. When vehicle specifications information, travel profile information, and the like are input in an input section (3), an arithmetic section (2) calculates for each vehicle (A-C), a vehicle total weight and a load capacity according to the vehicle specifications information. A fuel consumption per load capacity for each vehicle is calculated on the basis of the calculated vehicle total weight and load capacity, and the travel profile information, and outputs the calculation results to an output section.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle optimal specification determination support system, an optimal specification determination support method, and a storage medium that support the determination of an optimal specification in accordance with a user's use conditions when selling and purchasing a hybrid vehicle.

  In particular, it is very important for shipping companies that handle logistics and the like to purchase more fuel-efficient vehicles and reduce vehicle maintenance costs for their own transport vehicles in order to increase competitiveness. From such a background, a system for selecting an optimal vehicle configuration to be purchased by inputting a transportation field, an annual movement distance, and the like has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Special table 2013-543188 gazette

  In the transportation industry, a hybrid truck that uses a motor and an engine as a driving force of a vehicle is attracting attention as an environment-friendly car. In recent years, it has been studied to adopt a hybrid system not only for small trucks but also for medium and large trucks, and a plug-in hybrid truck that can be charged from an external power source.

  However, even for the same carrier, the conditions of use of the truck, such as the distance traveled when mainly carrying short-distance transportation or mainly carrying long-distance transportation, and the loading capacity depending on the type of luggage loaded on the carrier, are the carrier. There are many different types.

  In addition, the weight of the hybrid truck itself varies depending on the specifications of the selected hybrid truck, such as the motor and battery installed. The fuel consumption reduction effect of a hybrid truck varies depending on the performance of the battery and motor installed, the total vehicle weight including the load and the weight of the vehicle itself, and the conditions of use of the truck such as the distance traveled. There was a problem that it was difficult for a contractor to determine what type of truck would bring about a substantial fuel cost reduction effect. As a sales person who sells trucks, it has been difficult to appropriately provide trucks with specifications that match the usage conditions of users such as carriers.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the object of the present invention is to exhibit a substantial fuel consumption reduction effect with respect to assumed driving conditions from the specifications of a plurality of hybrid vehicles. To provide an optimum specification determination support system, an optimum specification determination support method, and a storage medium that can determine an optimum specification that can be performed with higher accuracy.

  SUMMARY An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to solve at least a part of the problems described above, and the invention can be implemented as the following aspects or application examples.

  (1) An optimum specification determination support system according to this application example includes a storage unit that stores in advance at least basic vehicle weight information serving as a reference for a plurality of hybrid vehicles having different specifications, battery capacity information, battery weight information, A first input unit to which vehicle specification information including at least one of motor output information and motor weight information is input; a second input unit to which travel profile information including an assumed travel distance is input; and For each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles stored in the storage unit, a weight calculation unit that calculates a total vehicle weight and a loading amount according to the vehicle specification information input to the first input unit, and the weight calculation unit At least the plurality of hybrids based on the total vehicle weight and the load amount calculated in step 1 and the travel profile information input to the second input unit. It includes a fuel consumption calculator that calculates a fuel loading amount per each vehicle, and an output unit for outputting the fuel consumption information of the loading amount per calculated by the fuel consumption calculating section.

  (2) In the optimum specification determination support system according to this application example, at least one of an assumed travel route, gradient information, and vehicle speed information is further input to the second input unit as the travel profile information. May be.

(3) The optimum specification determination support system according to this application example further includes a third input unit for inputting fuel price information and electricity rate information,
The hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit includes a plug-in hybrid vehicle capable of charging a battery by supplying power from an external power source,
The fuel consumption calculation unit is based on the fuel price information and the electricity charge information input to the third input unit in addition to the travel profile information, and at least the fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles. May be calculated.

  (4) In the optimum specification determination support system according to this application example, the hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit includes a connected vehicle including a tow vehicle and a towed vehicle that can be separated from the tow vehicle, and the connection The basic vehicle weight information of the vehicle may be a weight obtained by adding a body weight of the towed vehicle, a standard load capacity that can be loaded on the towed vehicle, and a body weight of the towed vehicle.

  (5) The optimum specification determination support method according to this application example includes a first step of storing in advance at least basic basic vehicle weight information in a storage unit for a plurality of hybrid vehicles having different specifications, and a first input unit A second step in which vehicle specification information including at least one of battery capacity information, battery weight information, motor output information, and motor weight information is input, and an assumed travel distance in the second input unit. In accordance with the vehicle specification information input in the second step for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles stored in the storage unit in the third step in which the traveling profile information including The fourth step of calculating the total vehicle weight and loading amount, the total vehicle weight and loading amount calculated in the fourth step, and the input in the third step. Based on the travel profile information, at least a fifth step of calculating the fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles, and the fuel consumption information per loading amount calculated in the fifth step as output units. And a sixth step of outputting.

  (6) In the optimum specification determination support method according to this application example, in the third step, at least one of an assumed travel route, gradient information, and vehicle speed information is further input as the travel profile information. Also good.

  (7) The optimum specification determination support method according to this application example further includes a seventh step in which fuel price information and electricity rate information are input to the third input unit, and the first step stores the information in the storage unit. The hybrid vehicle includes a plug-in hybrid vehicle capable of charging a battery by supplying power from an external power source, and the fifth step is input in the seventh step in addition to the travel profile information. The fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles may be calculated based on the fuel price information and the electricity price information.

  (8) In the optimum specification determination support method according to this application example, the hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit in the first step includes a tow vehicle and a towed vehicle that can be separated from the tow vehicle. The basic vehicle weight information of the coupled vehicle including the vehicle may be a weight obtained by adding the vehicle body weight of the towed vehicle, the standard load capacity that can be loaded on the towed vehicle, and the vehicle body weight of the towed vehicle.

  (9) A storage medium according to this application example is a computer-readable storage medium that stores a program for causing a computer to execute any one of the methods (5) to (8).

  According to the present invention using the above means, it is possible to determine a hybrid vehicle having an optimum specification capable of exhibiting a substantial fuel consumption reduction effect with higher accuracy.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optimum specification determination support system for a hybrid vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle A. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle B. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle C. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the process sequence of an optimal specification determination support system. It is explanatory drawing of driving | running | working simulation. It is a related figure (a)-(c) with fuel consumption and the mileage assumed according to the additional battery capacity of vehicles AC.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an optimum specification determination support system for a hybrid vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which will be described with reference to FIG.

  The optimum specification determination support system according to the present embodiment is introduced into an information processing terminal owned by a carrier, for example. As shown in FIG. 1, the information processing terminal has a database 1 (storage unit) for storing information, a calculation unit 2 for performing calculation processing, an input unit 3 for inputting information, and an output unit 4 for outputting information. It is. Specifically, the information processing terminal is a personal computer including a hard disk corresponding to the database 1, a CPU corresponding to the calculation unit 2, a keyboard and mouse corresponding to the input unit 3, and a monitor corresponding to the output unit 4. In addition, the input unit 3 may be a touch panel, and the touch panel may serve as the output unit 4 and may be a portable information terminal in which the database 1 and the calculation unit 2 are built.

  In the database 1, basic information of a plurality of hybrid vehicles having different specifications is stored in advance (first step). The basic information is the specification information of the hybrid vehicle equipped with the standard equipment necessary for the hybrid vehicle at the minimum. Specifically, the basic information includes at least basic vehicle weight information that serves as a basis for calculating the vehicle weight. The basic vehicle weight is a weight of a vehicle body provided with standard equipment in the case of a single vehicle, and is a weight obtained by adding the vehicle body weight of a towed vehicle and the weight of the towed vehicle in the case of a connected vehicle.

  In the present embodiment, the database 1 stores three types of hybrid vehicles A to C.

  The vehicle A is a single hybrid truck provided with a loading platform. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle A includes an engine 11 and a first motor 12 as drive sources. Although the engine 11 is a diesel engine in the present embodiment, the engine 11 is not limited to this, and may be a vehicle having a specification of a prime mover generally used in an automobile such as a gasoline engine. A clutch 13 is provided between the engine 11 and the first motor 12, and the output shaft of the engine 11 is connected to the input shaft (input side) of the clutch 13 and the output shaft (output side) of the clutch 13. Are connected to the rotation shaft of the first motor 12, respectively. The first motor 12 is, for example, a permanent magnet type synchronous motor that can generate power, and the rotation shaft of the first motor 12 is connected to the input shaft of the transmission 14. The transmission 14 includes a plurality of gears, shifts the driving force input through the gears corresponding to the selected shift speed, and transmits them to the output shaft of the transmission 14. The driving force is transmitted from the output shaft of the transmission 14 to the left and right wheels 18 via the propeller shaft 15, the differential device 16, and the left and right axles 17.

  The first motor 12 is connected to the first battery 19 mounted on the vehicle A via the first inverter 20, and can be driven by receiving power supply from the first battery 19. The first battery 19 is a secondary battery such as lithium ion or nickel hydride, for example, and the first inverter 20 converts the DC power from the first battery 19 into AC power and supplies the first motor 12 with power. On the other hand, when the vehicle decelerates, the first motor 12 functions as a generator, and the first battery 19 can be charged by so-called regenerative driving.

  Next, the vehicle B is a connected vehicle in which a tractor 10 that is a towing vehicle and a trailer 30 that is a towed vehicle are connected via a connector 21 such as a dolly. Since the tractor 10 has the same configuration as the vehicle A, the description thereof is omitted.

  The trailer 30 of the vehicle B has left and right wheels 33, but does not have a drive source, a differential device, and an axle, and mainly includes the second battery 34.

  Similarly to the first battery 19, the second battery 34 is a secondary battery such as lithium ion or nickel metal hydride, and the second battery 34 is electrically connected to the first battery 19. Therefore, the first motor 12 can be driven by the power of the second battery 34 via the first battery 19 and the first inverter 20. Moreover, the 2nd battery 34 can be charged via the 1st inverter 20 and the 1st battery 19 because the 1st motor 12 carries out the regeneration drive.

  The vehicle C is also a connected vehicle in which a tractor 10 as a towed vehicle and a trailer 40 as a towed vehicle are connected via a connector 21 such as a dolly. Since the tractor 10 has the same configuration as the vehicle A, the description thereof is omitted. On the other hand, the trailer 40 of the vehicle C is a so-called full trailer, but has a feature that it can run by itself.

  Similar to the trailer 30 of the vehicle B, the trailer 40 includes a differential 41, an axle 42, wheels 43, a second battery 44, and a second motor 45 and a second inverter 46. The second motor 45 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous motor that can generate electric power in the same manner as the first motor 12. The rotating shaft of the second motor 45 is connected to the differential device 41 via the propeller shaft 48, and is configured to transmit driving force to the left and right wheels 43 via the left and right axles 42.

  The second motor 45 is connected to the second battery 44 via the second inverter 46, and can be driven by receiving power from the second battery 44. The second inverter 46 converts DC power from the second battery 44 into AC power and supplies the second motor 45 with power. On the other hand, when the vehicle decelerates, etc., the second motor 45 functions as a generator, and the second battery 44 can be charged by so-called regenerative driving.

  In this way, the database 1 is connected to the vehicle A composed of a single truck, the vehicle B connected to the trailer 30 on which the second battery 34 is mounted, the trailer 40 on which the second motor 45 and the second battery 44 are mounted. Information on the vehicle C is stored. Each of the vehicles A to C may be a so-called plug-in hybrid vehicle provided with a charger capable of charging at least one of the first battery 19 and the second batteries 34 and 44 with electric power from an external power source. Good.

  Next, the procedure for determining the optimum specification by the optimum specification decision support system will be described. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a processing procedure for optimum specification determination support, which will be described below with reference to FIG. The processing procedure of the optimum specification determination support described below is mainly a database 1 as a program to be executed by the calculation unit 2 that constitutes a computer, a memory included in the calculation unit 2, an external memory such as a USB memory, an optical disk, etc. It is stored in a storage medium.

  The user of the optimum specification determination support system first adds battery capacity (kWh) information, battery weight (kg) information, motor, motor information that can be added to the basic information of the vehicles A to C at the input unit 3 (first input unit). Vehicle specification information including at least one of output (kW) information and motor weight (kg) information is input (second step). As a user of the optimum use decision support system, for example, a salesperson who provides a vehicle or a user such as a carrier who purchases and uses a vehicle can be considered. Therefore, the user inputs vehicle specification information such as the battery capacity that can be added within the cost range for purchasing the vehicle. The battery capacity that can be added here is not limited to one, and a plurality of candidates may be input step by step or an upper limit may be input.

  In addition, the user uses the input unit 3 (second input unit) to travel profile information including information such as the average travel distance, travel route, road gradient at each place, average vehicle speed, and the like assumed when the vehicle is used. Is input (third step).

  In addition, the user may input the current fuel price, the electricity price, and the current electricity price information to the vehicles A to C at the input unit 3 (third input unit) (sixth step). In particular, when the plug-in hybrid vehicle is included in the vehicles A to C stored in the database 1, a more substantial plug-in hybrid fuel consumption reduction effect can be evaluated.

  When these pieces of information are input, the calculation unit 2 (weight calculation unit) first calculates the gross vehicle weight (GVW) and the loading amount of each vehicle A to C from the vehicle specification information (fourth). Step).

  The total vehicle weight is the total weight when the maximum capacity is loaded and the maximum load is loaded after adding the battery weight and motor weight to the basic vehicle weight of the vehicle. In the case of a connected vehicle such as the vehicles B and C, the total weight when the maximum load is loaded is obtained by adding an additional battery weight and a motor weight to the vehicle body weight of the tractor 10 and the trailers 30 and 40.

  The load amount in the present invention is the weight of the load that can be loaded to the maximum in the loading platform, and is calculated by subtracting the basic vehicle weight and the additional equipment weight such as the battery weight and the motor weight from the total vehicle weight. For example, in the case where the load amount calculated only from the basic vehicle information is taken as the standard load amount without considering the vehicle specification information such as the battery weight that can be added, in the vehicle A, the additional battery weight from the standard load amount The weight excluding is the load capacity (load capacity = standard load capacity−additional battery weight). In the case of vehicles B and C, since the additional battery is mounted on the trailers 30 and 40 as the second batteries 34 and 44, the load capacity that can be loaded on the tractor 10 does not change from the standard load capacity (load capacity = standard load capacity). ).

  Next, the calculation unit 2 (fuel consumption calculation unit) performs a driving simulation in each of the vehicles A to C based on the calculated total vehicle weight and loading amount and the input driving profile information, Fuel consumption per fuel consumption and loading capacity is calculated (fifth step).

  Details of the running simulation are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, when the vehicle driving force Ft is traveling on a road surface having a gradient θ at a vehicle speed V, the value obtained by multiplying the vehicle total weight Mv by the acceleration dV / dt, the rotation resistance Fr of the tire, and the air The value is obtained by adding all of the resistance Fw and the acceleration resistance Fa. This driving force Ft is a traction force, and the total power is calculated by further multiplying by the speed V. The engine power is calculated by removing the motor power from the total power, and the fuel consumption is also calculated. Then, the fuel consumption per load is calculated by dividing the fuel consumption by the load (fuel consumption per load = fuel consumption / load).

  In addition, when the travel profile information includes not only the estimated travel distance but also travel route information, gradient information, vehicle speed information, and the like, the calculation unit 2 increases torque on an uphill road or regenerates on a downhill road. The amount of fuel consumed and the fuel consumption per loading amount are calculated taking into account the amount and the like.

  Further, the calculation unit 2 may calculate the travel distance (cost recovery travel distance) and the like necessary to recover the cost required to add the battery and the motor in consideration of the input fuel price. Further, if the vehicles A to C stored in the database 1 include plug-in hybrid vehicles, the fuel cost when the plug-in system is employed and the fuel cost when not employed are also calculated. Good.

  The calculation unit 2 outputs the fuel consumption information such as the fuel consumption amount of the vehicles A to C and the fuel consumption per load amount calculated as described above to the output unit 4 (sixth step).

  Thereby, the user can determine the hybrid vehicle which becomes the optimal specification by comparing the fuel consumption of each vehicle AC output from the output part 4, and the fuel consumption per loading capacity.

  As a result output to the output unit 4, for example, in FIGS. 7A to 7C, fuel consumption (L / km · ton) and traveling distance (L / km · ton) according to each additional battery capacity of the vehicles A to C km). In addition, the result output to the output part 4 is not restricted to this, You may display another result.

  7A to 7C, for example, when the upper limit of the battery capacity that can be added is 20 kWh, and the assumed travel distance is D1, it is indicated by a circle Cc1 in FIG. 7C. As described above, the specification in which the battery capacity of 20 kWh or 25 kWh is added to the vehicle C has the best fuel consumption per loading capacity. Here, since the fuel consumption in the 20 kWh battery and the 25 kWh battery is substantially the same, it is better to select a 20 kWh battery, which is a cheaper investment, for a carrier that assumes a relatively short distance travel, It is possible to determine the optimum specification of the hybrid vehicle that can optimize the investment amount and substantially obtain the fuel consumption reduction effect. On the other hand, when the assumed travel distance is D2, as shown in circles Ca2 and Cb2 in FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b), it is better to add 20 kWh battery capacity to vehicle A or vehicle B. It turns out that improves. Even when the battery weight is proportional to the battery capacity, the optimum specification can be determined from the graphs as shown in FIGS.

  As described above, in the optimum specification determination support system, when the user inputs vehicle specification information, travel profile information, and the like, fuel consumption information corresponding to the specifications of the vehicles A to C is output. From this output information, it is possible to easily and accurately determine the specifications of an appropriate hybrid vehicle that matches the use conditions of a user such as a carrier. In particular, by calculating and outputting the fuel consumption per loading amount, it is possible to determine an optimum specification that can provide a substantial fuel consumption reduction effect for the carrier.

  Also, as travel profile information, not only the assumed distance but also the travel route, gradient information, vehicle speed information, etc. are input, and the actual fuel consumption amount and fuel consumption per load amount are calculated based on these information. The regenerative amount in the delivery route can also be calculated, and the optimum specification can be determined more accurately.

  In particular, when the vehicle stored in the database 1 includes a plug-in hybrid vehicle, the fuel price improvement effect by the plug-in can be taken into account by inputting the electricity rate information in addition to the fuel price information.

  In addition, the database 1 includes not only a single hybrid vehicle such as the vehicle A but also specifications of a connected vehicle including the tractor 10 and trailers 30 and 40 such as the vehicles B and C, so that a wider vehicle configuration can be selected. This makes it possible to determine more optimal vehicle specifications.

  Although the description of the optimal specification determination support system, the optimal specification determination support method, and the storage medium according to the present invention has been finished, the embodiment is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  In the above embodiments, the vehicles B and C stored in the database 1 are electrically connected to the first battery 19 of the tractor 10 and the second batteries 34 and 44 of the trailers 30 and 40. The first motor and the second battery of the trailer may be electrically connected. In that case, in the tractor or trailer, an inverter is interposed between the first motor and the second battery.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the vehicles B and C memorize | stored in the database 1 are the structures by which one trailer 30 and 40 were connected with the tractor 10, the number of trailers connected is restricted to this. The information of the connected vehicle which connected the some trailer may not be stored.

1 database (storage)
2 Calculation unit (weight calculation unit, fuel consumption calculation unit)
3 input units (first input unit, second input unit, third input unit)
4 Output section 10 Tractor
30, 40 trailer (towed vehicle)

Claims (9)

For a plurality of hybrid vehicles having different specifications, a storage unit that stores in advance at least basic vehicle weight information serving as a reference;
A first input unit to which vehicle specification information including at least one of battery capacity information, battery weight information, motor output information, and motor weight information is input;
A second input unit for inputting travel profile information including an assumed travel distance;
For each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles stored in the storage unit, a weight calculation unit that calculates a total vehicle weight and a loading amount according to the vehicle specification information input to the first input unit;
Based on the total vehicle weight and loading amount calculated by the weight calculation unit and the travel profile information input to the second input unit, at least fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles is calculated. A fuel consumption calculator,
An output unit that outputs the fuel consumption information per the loading amount calculated by the fuel consumption calculation unit;
Support system for determining the optimum specifications of hybrid vehicles including   2. The hybrid vehicle optimum specification determination support system according to claim 1, wherein at least one of an assumed travel route, gradient information, and vehicle speed information is further input to the second input unit as the travel profile information. . And a third input unit for inputting fuel price information and electricity price information,
The hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit includes a plug-in hybrid vehicle capable of charging a battery by supplying power from an external power source,
The fuel consumption calculation unit is based on the fuel price information and the electricity charge information input to the third input unit in addition to the travel profile information, and at least the fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles. The optimum specification determination support system for a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the system is calculated.   The hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit includes a connected vehicle including a tow vehicle and a towed vehicle that can be separated from the tow vehicle, and basic vehicle weight information of the connected vehicle includes a vehicle body weight of the tow vehicle, The hybrid vehicle optimum specification determination support system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weight is a sum of a standard load capacity that can be loaded on the tow vehicle and a vehicle body weight of the towed vehicle. For a plurality of hybrid vehicles having different specifications, a first step for storing in advance at least basic basic vehicle weight information in a storage unit;
A second step in which vehicle specification information including at least one of battery capacity information, battery weight information, motor output information, and motor weight information is input to the first input unit;
A third step in which travel profile information including an assumed travel distance is input to the second input unit;
Fourth step of calculating a total vehicle weight and a loading amount corresponding to the vehicle specification information input in the second step for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles stored in the storage unit in the first step. When,
Based on the total vehicle weight and load amount calculated in the fourth step and the travel profile information input in the third step, at least fuel consumption per load amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles is calculated. The fifth step;
A sixth step of outputting to the output unit the fuel consumption information per said loading amount calculated in the fifth step;
Support method for determining the optimum specification of a hybrid vehicle including   6. The hybrid vehicle optimum specification determination support method according to claim 5, wherein in the third step, at least one of an assumed travel route, gradient information, and vehicle speed information is further input as the travel profile information. And a seventh step of inputting fuel price information and electricity rate information to the third input unit,
The hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit in the first step includes a plug-in hybrid vehicle capable of charging a battery by supplying power from an external power source,
In the fifth step, based on the fuel price information and the electricity price information input in the seventh step in addition to the travel profile information, at least the fuel consumption per loading amount for each of the plurality of hybrid vehicles. The method for determining the optimum specification of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the optimal specification is calculated.   The hybrid vehicle stored in the storage unit in the first step includes a connected vehicle including a tow vehicle and a towed vehicle that can be separated from the tow vehicle, and basic vehicle weight information of the connected vehicle includes The optimal specification determination of the hybrid vehicle according to any one of claims 5 to 7, which is a weight obtained by adding a weight of the tow vehicle, a standard load capacity that can be loaded on the tow vehicle, and a weight of the towed vehicle. Support method.   A computer-readable storage medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 5 to 8.

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