JP2016038259A - Brightness and luminance meter for insects - Google Patents

Brightness and luminance meter for insects Download PDF

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JP2016038259A
JP2016038259A JP2014160595A JP2014160595A JP2016038259A JP 2016038259 A JP2016038259 A JP 2016038259A JP 2014160595 A JP2014160595 A JP 2014160595A JP 2014160595 A JP2014160595 A JP 2014160595A JP 2016038259 A JP2016038259 A JP 2016038259A
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spectral sensitivity
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JP6422261B2 (en
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孝彦 針山
Takahiko Hariyama
孝彦 針山
満太郎 弘中
Mantaro HIRONAKA
満太郎 弘中
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HAMAMATSU, University of
Hamamatsu University School of Medicine NUC
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a brightness and luminance meter for insects that measures brightness or luminance related to attractiveness and behavioral activity of insects.SOLUTION: There is provided a brightness and luminance meter for insects for measuring brightness or luminance related to attractiveness and behavioral activity of insects, which includes: optical sensors 2, 3 having sensitivity in a wavelength region including ultraviolet light and visible light; selection means 51 which is capable of selecting a taxonomic group of insects, and selects behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data which is different for each taxonomic group of insects; wavelength weighing means 53 for weighting a signal input into or output from the optical sensor with the behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data selected by the selection means; and output means 7 for outputting the result of wavelength weighing performed by the wavelength weighting means as brightness or luminance for insects. The behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data is created by synthesizing an attractiveness spectral sensitivity curve related to the attractiveness of insects and a behavioral activity spectral sensitivity curve related to the behavioral activity of insects.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、虫の誘引性及び行動活性に関連する輝度又は照度を測定する虫用輝度・照度計に関する。本発明の対象である「虫」は、一般に虫で総称されるものであり、昆虫類、クモ類、ムカデ類、甲殻類などを含むものである。   The present invention relates to a luminosity / illuminometer for insects that measures luminance or illuminance related to insect attractivity and behavioral activity. “Insects” that are the subject of the present invention are generally collectively referred to as insects, and include insects, spiders, centipedes, crustaceans and the like.

昆虫などの虫が光に誘引されることで、製造業、小売業、農業といった広範囲の産業現場や日常生活において、商品への異物混入や不快感の増大といった経済的及び心理的な問題が引き起こされている。この問題に対処するため、紫外線などの特定波長に集まる虫の習性を利用して電撃殺虫器や色彩粘着板などが開発されてきた。またその一方で、紫外線等をカットする虫を寄せ付けない低誘虫性の照明・フィルムも開発されている。   Insects and other insects are attracted to light, which causes economic and psychological problems such as contamination of products and increased discomfort in a wide range of industrial sites such as manufacturing, retail, and agriculture, and in daily life. It is. In order to deal with this problem, lightning insecticides, color adhesive plates, etc. have been developed using the habits of insects that gather at specific wavelengths such as ultraviolet rays. On the other hand, low irritating lighting / films that keep away insects that cut off ultraviolet rays and the like have also been developed.

これらの防虫・殺虫製品は、虫の活動性が顕著となる光環境において使用されるべきである。しかし、工業や農業の従事者、照明会社などがこれらの製品を設置するかしないか、あるいは設置場所を決める場合は、現時点では経験にもとづく主観的な判断かヒト用照度計を用いることで決定しており、科学的根拠がなく、十分な効果がでているとはいえない。防虫・殺虫対策の指針となる科学的データを提供する、安価で使い勝手の良い装置が求められている。   These insect repellent and insecticide products should be used in a light environment where the activity of the insects is significant. However, when industrial or agricultural workers, lighting companies, etc. decide whether or not to install these products or decide where to install them, they are currently decided based on experience based on subjective judgment or using a human illuminometer. However, there is no scientific basis and it cannot be said that it is fully effective. There is a need for an inexpensive and easy-to-use device that provides scientific data to guide insect control.

ヒトと虫の光に対する感じ方は大きく異なっている。虫はヒトには見えない紫外線に良く反応する眼をもつことで、ヒトが眩しいと感じる照明を暗く感じたり、反対にヒトが暗いと感じている環境においても活発に活動したりする。このため、虫活動性の指針となるデータを示す輝度計や照度計をなしにして、様々な防虫対策は成り立たないはずであるが、現時点ではそのような製品は存在していない。   The way humans and insects feel about light is very different. Insects have eyes that react well to UV rays that are invisible to humans, so they can feel dark when they feel dazzling, or they can be active in environments where humans feel dark. For this reason, various measures for preventing insects should not be realized without a luminance meter or illuminance meter indicating data for guiding insect activity, but such a product does not exist at present.

これまでは、ヒト用の照度計で光環境を測定し、その数値を虫にとっての明るさとして代用とされることが多くなされてきたが、虫の走光性を引き起こす分光感度曲線（一般に紫外にピークをもつ）が、ヒトの明るさを感じる分光感度曲線（緑にピークをもつ）と大きく異なるため、適切ではない。   Until now, the light environment was measured with a luminometer for humans, and the numerical value was often used as the brightness for insects. However, the spectral sensitivity curve that causes insect phototaxis (generally in the ultraviolet) (With a peak) is not appropriate because it is significantly different from the spectral sensitivity curve (having a peak in green) that senses human brightness.

特許文献1には、昆虫の視細胞の分光感度を等色関数として、照射光源又は反射面の分光特性を重み付けして、行動特性（誘引性、忌避性）を評価することが記載されている。しかしながら、昆虫の視細胞の光受容器ごとの分光感度である等色関数をベースに行動特性を求めている。また、行動特性を誘引性（光源や反射面に引き寄せられる特性）と行動活性（光により行動が活性化する特性）とに分けて評価することも記載されていない。   Patent Document 1 describes evaluating behavioral characteristics (attractability, repellency) by weighting the spectral characteristics of the irradiation light source or reflecting surface using the spectral sensitivity of insect photoreceptor cells as a color matching function. . However, behavioral characteristics are obtained based on a color matching function that is a spectral sensitivity of each photoreceptor of insect photoreceptors. Moreover, it is not described that behavioral characteristics are evaluated by dividing them into attractiveness (characteristics that are attracted to a light source or a reflecting surface) and behavioral activity (characteristics that activate a behavior by light).

特開2006-208114号公報JP 2006-208114 A

特許文献1では、虫の等色関数をベースに行動特性の発現程度を求めているが、等色関数を用いているため虫の視細胞の光受容器ごとの分光感度にしか着目していない。しかしながら、本発明者は、各種実験の結果、虫の行動特性の分光感度曲線は等色関数とは異なる分光感度曲線であることを見出した。また、行動特性が誘引性（光源や反射面に引き寄せられる特性）と行動活性（光により行動が活性化する特性）とに分解でき、それぞれ異なる分光感度曲線であることも見出した。誘引性は光に引き寄せられる特性であるので、光源又は反射面の輝度に関連し、輝度の測定においては誘引性分光感度曲線が優位となる。一方で、行動活性は光により行動が活性化する特性であるので、雰囲気光である照度に関連し、照度の測定においては行動活性分光感度曲線が優位となる。また、これらの分光感度曲線は、分類群（カメムシ目、ハエ目、ハチ目、チョウ目など）ごとに異なっていることも見出した。   In Patent Document 1, the degree of expression of behavioral characteristics is calculated based on the color matching function of insects, but since the color matching function is used, attention is focused only on the spectral sensitivity of each insect photoreceptor cell photoreceptor. . However, as a result of various experiments, the present inventor has found that the spectral sensitivity curve of the behavioral characteristics of insects is a spectral sensitivity curve different from the color matching function. It was also found that behavioral characteristics can be broken down into attractiveness (characteristics attracted to the light source and reflecting surface) and behavioral activity (characteristics that activate the behavior by light), and each has a different spectral sensitivity curve. Since attractiveness is a property attracted to light, it is related to the luminance of the light source or the reflecting surface, and the attractive spectral sensitivity curve is dominant in the luminance measurement. On the other hand, since behavioral activity is a characteristic in which behavior is activated by light, it is related to illuminance, which is ambient light, and the behavioral activity spectral sensitivity curve is dominant in the measurement of illuminance. They also found that these spectral sensitivity curves differ for each taxonomic group (stink bug, fly order, bee order, butterfly order, etc.).

本発明は上記知見に基づいてなされたものであり、虫の誘引性及び行動活性に関連する輝度又は照度を測定する虫用輝度・照度計を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and an object thereof is to provide an insect luminance / illuminance meter for measuring luminance or illuminance related to insect attractability and behavioral activity.

上記課題を解決するため、本発明は以下の構成を有する。
虫の誘引性及び行動活性に関連する輝度又は照度を測定する虫用輝度・照度計であって、
紫外光及び可視光を含む波長域で感度を有する光センサと、
虫の分類群の選択が可能で、虫の分類群ごとに異なる行動特性分光感度データを選択する選択手段と、
前記光センサへの光入力又は前記光センサからの出力信号に対して、前記選択手段で選択された行動特性分光感度データで重み付けする波長重み付け手段と、
前記波長重み付け手段による波長重み付けの結果を、虫用の輝度又は照度として出力する出力手段と、を有し、
前記行動特性分光感度データは、虫の誘引性に関連した誘引性分光感度曲線と、虫の行動活性に関連した行動活性分光感度曲線とを合成したものである、
虫用輝度・照度計。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.
Insect luminance / illuminance meter for measuring luminance or illuminance related to insect attractivity and behavioral activity,
An optical sensor having sensitivity in a wavelength range including ultraviolet light and visible light;
Insect taxon selection is possible, selection means to select different behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data for each insect taxon group,
Wavelength weighting means for weighting the light input to the light sensor or the output signal from the light sensor with the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data selected by the selection means;
An output means for outputting the result of wavelength weighting by the wavelength weighting means as a luminance or illuminance for insects;
The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is a synthesis of an attractive spectral sensitivity curve related to insect attractivity and a behavioral activity spectral sensitivity curve related to insect behavior activity.
Insect brightness / illuminance meter.

前記虫は、一般に虫で総称されるものであり、昆虫類、クモ類、ムカデ類、甲殻類などを含むものである。
前記誘引性は虫が光に引き寄せられる特性であり、前記行動活性は虫が光により行動が活性化する特性である。
前記輝度は、光源又は反射面の単位面積あたりの光照射量を表し、放射輝度W/sr・m2の単位で表されるものである。なお、輝度と合わせて放射強度(W/sr)を測定しても良い。
前記照度は、所定の平面に照射された光の明るさを表し、放射照度W/m2の単位で表されるものである。なお、照度と合わせて放射束(W)を測定しても良い。
前記分類群は、測定対象となる虫のグループを表しており、カメムシ目、ハエ目、ハチ目、チョウ目（ガを含む）などの系統分類群上のグループを表している。必要に応じてさらに細分化しても良く、例えば対象となる虫の棲息環境ごとに細分化しても良い。さらに、個別の種ごと（キイロショウジョウバエ、ニホンミツバチなど）に分けても良い。
前記出力手段は、輝度や照度を出力できるものであれば何でもよく、LCDなどの表示手段のほか、メモリへの出力、通信による外部装置への出力などを含むものである。 The insects are generally called insects and include insects, spiders, centipedes, crustaceans and the like.
The attracting property is a property that the insect is attracted to light, and the behavioral activity is a property that the behavior of the insect is activated by light.
The luminance represents a light irradiation amount per unit area of the light source or the reflection surface, and is expressed in units of radiance W / sr · m 2 . Note that the radiation intensity (W / sr) may be measured together with the luminance.
The illuminance represents the brightness of light irradiated on a predetermined plane, and is expressed in units of irradiance W / m 2 . The radiant flux (W) may be measured together with the illuminance.
The taxonomic group represents a group of insects to be measured, and represents a group on a systematic taxonomic group such as stink bugs, flies, bees, butterflies (including moths). It may be further subdivided as necessary, for example, for each habitat environment of the target insect. Furthermore, it may be divided into individual species (Drosophila melanogaster, Japanese honeybee, etc.).
The output means may be anything as long as it can output luminance and illuminance, and includes display means such as an LCD, output to a memory, and output to an external device through communication.

本発明は、虫の行動特性が誘引性（光源や反射面に引き寄せられる特性）と行動活性（光により行動が活性化する特性）とに分解でき、それぞれ異なる分光感度曲線を有することに着目して、これらの分光感度曲線を合成した行動特性分光感度データを採用している。また、これらの分光感度曲線が、虫のグループごとにも異なるため、虫のグループごとに異なる分光感度曲線を採用している。このようにすることで、農場や食品工場や店舗などで虫の行動特性に関連する輝度又は照度を正確に測定することができ、防虫に適した光環境（照明、壁面、窓など）を構築することができる。   The present invention pays attention to the fact that the behavioral characteristics of insects can be decomposed into attractiveness (characteristics that are attracted to light sources and reflecting surfaces) and behavioral activity (characteristics that activate behavior by light), and each has a different spectral sensitivity curve. The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data obtained by synthesizing these spectral sensitivity curves is employed. In addition, since these spectral sensitivity curves are different for each insect group, different spectral sensitivity curves are adopted for each insect group. By doing this, it is possible to accurately measure the brightness or illuminance related to the behavioral characteristics of insects at farms, food factories, stores, etc., and build a light environment (lighting, walls, windows, etc.) suitable for insect control can do.

また、本発明は以下の好ましい実施態様を有する。
前記選択手段は、輝度又は照度の選択も可能であり、
前記行動特性分光感度データは、輝度用と照度用とで異なるものを用いる。 Moreover, this invention has the following preferable embodiments.
The selection means can also select brightness or illuminance,
The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is different for luminance and illuminance.

発明者の各種実験により、輝度測定においては誘引性（光源や反射面に引き寄せられる特性）が優位であり、照度測定においては行動活性（光により行動が活性化する特性）が優位であることが見出された。これは、誘引性は光に引き寄せられる特性であるので光源又は反射面の輝度に関連し、行動活性は光により行動が活性化する特性であるので雰囲気光である照度に関連するからであると考えられる。この知見に基づき、輝度測定と照度測定とで異なる行動特性分光感度データを採用することで、虫の動態に則した、より詳細な光環境の測定が可能になる。   According to various experiments by the inventors, attractiveness (characteristics attracted to a light source or a reflecting surface) is superior in luminance measurement, and behavioral activity (characteristic that activates behavior by light) is superior in illuminance measurement. It was found. This is because the attractiveness is a characteristic attracted by light and is related to the luminance of the light source or the reflection surface, and the behavioral activity is a characteristic that the behavior is activated by light, and is related to the illuminance that is ambient light. Conceivable. Based on this knowledge, by adopting behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data that is different between luminance measurement and illuminance measurement, it becomes possible to measure the light environment in more detail according to the behavior of insects.

また、本発明は以下の好ましい実施態様を有する。
前記光センサは分光センサであり、
前記光センサからの測定分光データを演算する演算手段を有し、
前記演算手段は、前記行動特性分光感度データをデータベースとして記憶しており、
前記演算手段により、前記行動特性分光感度データによる波長重み付け演算を行う。 Moreover, this invention has the following preferable embodiments.
The optical sensor is a spectroscopic sensor;
Computation means for computing measurement spectral data from the optical sensor,
The computing means stores the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data as a database,
The calculation means performs wavelength weighting calculation based on the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data.

分光データを測定可能な光センサを用い、測定分光データを虫のグループや輝度・照度に則した行動特性分光感度データで重み付けすることにより、対象となる虫の行動特性に関連する輝度や照度を求めることができる。虫のグループや輝度・照度ごとの行動特性分光感度データは、マイコンなどの演算手段内にデータベースとして予め記憶されており、使用者が虫のグループや輝度・照度を選択することにより、データベースから読み出される。   By using an optical sensor capable of measuring spectral data and weighting the measured spectral data with the behavioral characteristics spectral sensitivity data according to the insect group and the luminance / illuminance, the luminance and illuminance related to the behavioral characteristics of the target insect are obtained. Can be sought. The behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data for each insect group and brightness / illuminance is stored in advance as a database in a calculation means such as a microcomputer, and is read from the database by the user selecting the insect group, brightness / illuminance. It is.

また、本発明は以下の好ましい実施態様を有する。
前記波長重み付け手段は前記光センサの光入射部に配置される光学フィルタであり、
前記選択手段は、前記行動特性分光感度データに対応する光学フィルタを選択する。 Moreover, this invention has the following preferable embodiments.
The wavelength weighting means is an optical filter disposed in a light incident portion of the photosensor,
The selection means selects an optical filter corresponding to the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data.

光センサとして広波長域で感度を有するセンサを用いて、光センサの前に虫のグループや輝度・照度ごとの行動特性分光感度データに合った光学フィルタを用いても良い。対象なる虫のグループや輝度・照度ごとに前記光学フィルタを切り換えることで、対象となる虫の行動特性に関連する輝度や照度を求めることができる。   A sensor having sensitivity in a wide wavelength region may be used as the optical sensor, and an optical filter suitable for the behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data for each group of insects and brightness / illuminance may be used in front of the optical sensor. By switching the optical filter for each group of the target insects and the luminance / illuminance, the luminance and the illuminance related to the behavioral characteristics of the target insects can be obtained.

本発明は上記構成により、虫の誘引性及び行動活性に関連する輝度又は照度を測定することができる。   According to the above configuration, the present invention can measure luminance or illuminance related to insect attractiveness and behavioral activity.

本発明の第1実施形態のブロック図。1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第1実施形態の外観図。1 is an external view of a first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第2実施形態の説明図。Explanatory drawing of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の分光感度曲線例を表す図。The figure showing the example of the spectral sensitivity curve of this invention.

以下、図面とともに本発明に係る虫用輝度・照度計の好適な実施形態の例について説明する。なお、図面は、説明を容易にするために強調して記載してあり、実際の寸法や外観とは異なることがある。   Hereinafter, an example of a preferred embodiment of an insect luminance / illuminance meter according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the drawings are emphasized for ease of explanation, and may differ from actual dimensions and appearance.

＜第1実施形態＞
図1及び図2を用いて第1実施形態について説明する。図1は本実施形態のブロック図、図2は本実施形態の外観図である。 <First Embodiment>
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of this embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an external view of this embodiment.

本実施形態の虫用輝度・照度計は、測定器本体1、照度用分光センサ2、輝度用分光センサ3、信号処理手段4、演算手段5、入力手段6、出力手段7から構成される。   The luminance / illuminance meter for insects of this embodiment includes a measuring instrument body 1, an illuminance spectroscopic sensor 2, a luminance spectroscopic sensor 3, a signal processing means 4, an arithmetic means 5, an input means 6, and an output means 7.

照度用分光センサ2は、照度を測定するための分光センサで、広範囲からの光を取得可能な構造になっている。分光器は、例えば、浜松ホトニクス社製のミニ分光器などを用いる。輝度用分光センサ3は、輝度を測定するための分光センサで、光源又は反射面の狭い領域からの輝度を測定するために、レンズ等が用いられている。輝度用分光センサ3の分光器も、照度用分光センサ2と同様のものが用いられる。照度用分光センサ2と輝度用分光センサ3とは、必要に応じて切り替えて用いられる。分光器を共通にして、光学要素部分のみを取り替えても良い。   The illuminance spectroscopic sensor 2 is a spectroscopic sensor for measuring illuminance and has a structure capable of acquiring light from a wide range. For example, a mini-spectrometer manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd. is used as the spectroscope. The luminance spectroscopic sensor 3 is a spectroscopic sensor for measuring luminance, and a lens or the like is used to measure luminance from a light source or a narrow area of a reflection surface. The spectroscope of the luminance spectral sensor 3 is the same as that of the illuminance spectral sensor 2. The illuminance spectroscopic sensor 2 and the luminance spectroscopic sensor 3 are switched and used as necessary. A common spectroscope may be used to replace only the optical element portion.

信号処理手段4は、照度用分光センサ2及び輝度用分光センサ3からの分光信号の処理とこれらの制御を行うものである。信号処理手段4からの出力は演算手段5で処理される。演算手段5は、各種情報の記憶と演算処理が行えればどのようなものよく、マイコンなどが用いられる。また、信号処理手段4からのデータを測定器本体1の外部に出力してパソコンなどで処理しても良い。   The signal processing means 4 performs processing of spectral signals from the illuminance spectral sensor 2 and the luminance spectral sensor 3 and controls them. The output from the signal processing means 4 is processed by the arithmetic means 5. As the calculation means 5, any microcomputer can be used as long as it can store various types of information and perform calculation processing. Further, the data from the signal processing means 4 may be output to the outside of the measuring instrument main body 1 and processed by a personal computer or the like.

演算手段5には、ボタンやキーボードなどの入力手段6、LCDなどの出力手段7が接続されている。演算手段5の内部には、分類群・輝度・照度選択手段51、行動特性分光感度データベース52、波長重み付け手段53が、プログラムやデータとして含まれている。分類群・輝度・照度選択手段51は、測定対象の虫のグループ、輝度、照度を選択する手段で、この選択結果に基づいて、行動特性分光感度データベース52から最適な行動特性分光感度データを読み出す。行動特性分光感度データベース52には、虫のグループ、輝度、照度ごとに異なる行動特性分光感度データが記憶されている。波長重み付け手段53は、照度用分光センサ2及び輝度用分光センサ3からの測定分光データを、読み出された行動特性分光感度データに基づいて波長重み付けを行い、虫用の照度又は輝度を算出する。   Connected to the computing means 5 are input means 6 such as buttons and a keyboard, and output means 7 such as an LCD. The computing means 5 includes a classification group / luminance / illuminance selection means 51, a behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity database 52, and a wavelength weighting means 53 as programs and data. The taxonomy / brightness / illuminance selection means 51 is a means for selecting the group of insects to be measured, the brightness, and the illuminance, and reads the optimum behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data from the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity database 52 based on the selection result. . The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity database 52 stores behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data that differs for each insect group, luminance, and illuminance. The wavelength weighting means 53 performs wavelength weighting on the measured spectral data from the illuminance spectral sensor 2 and the luminance spectral sensor 3 based on the read behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data, and calculates the illuminance or luminance for insects. .

次に、本実施形態の動作例を説明する。使用者は、照度を測定するか輝度を測定するかを選択して、照度用分光センサ2又は輝度用分光センサ3を選択する。また、どの虫のグループを対象にするかを選択して、入力手段6に入力する。これらの選択がなされると、行動特性分光感度データベース52から最適な行動特性分光感度データが選択される。この行動特性分光感度データに基づいて、波長重み付け手段53により測定分光データに対して波長重み付けを行い、照度又は輝度を算出する。算出された照度又は輝度は出力手段7に表示される。   Next, an operation example of this embodiment will be described. The user selects whether to measure illuminance or luminance, and selects the illuminance spectroscopic sensor 2 or the luminance spectroscopic sensor 3. Further, which insect group is selected is input to the input means 6. When these selections are made, the optimum behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is selected from the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity database 52. Based on the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data, the wavelength weighting means 53 performs wavelength weighting on the measured spectral data, and calculates illuminance or luminance. The calculated illuminance or luminance is displayed on the output means 7.

図4に、行動特性分光感度曲線の例を示す。図4（A）は輝度測定用の行動特性分光感度曲線の例、図4（B）は照度測定用の行動特性分光感度曲線の例を示している。虫の誘引性（光源や反射面に引き寄せられる特性）に関連する分光感度曲線が曲線11a、行動活性（光により行動が活性化する特性）に関連する分光感度曲線が曲線11bと考えられる場合、行動特性分光感度曲線はこれらの曲線の合成で表される。輝度用分光感度曲線12aは輝度測定用の分光感度分布であり、誘引性が優位である。また、照度用分光感度曲線12bは照度測定用の分光感度分布であり、行動活性が優位である。   FIG. 4 shows an example of the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity curve. 4A shows an example of a behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity curve for luminance measurement, and FIG. 4B shows an example of a behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity curve for illuminance measurement. If the spectral sensitivity curve related to insect attractivity (characteristics attracted to light sources and reflecting surfaces) is considered to be curve 11a, and the spectral sensitivity curve related to behavioral activity (characteristics that activate behavior by light) is considered to be curve 11b, The behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity curve is represented by the synthesis of these curves. The luminance spectral sensitivity curve 12a is a spectral sensitivity distribution for luminance measurement, and is attractive in attractiveness. The illuminance spectral sensitivity curve 12b is a spectral sensitivity distribution for illuminance measurement, and behavioral activity is dominant.

例えば、キイロショウジョウバエでは、輝度用分光感度曲線12aは波長360[nm]付近にピークがあり、照度用分光感度曲線12bは波長520[nm]付近にピークがある。また、チャバネアオカメムシでは、輝度用分光感度曲線12aは波長360[nm]付近にピークがあり、照度用分光感度曲線12bは波長360[nm]付近と波長520[nm]付近に2つのピークがある。   For example, in Drosophila melanogaster, the luminance spectral sensitivity curve 12a has a peak near a wavelength of 360 [nm], and the illuminance spectral sensitivity curve 12b has a peak near a wavelength of 520 [nm]. In the case of the chaban bug, the spectral response curve 12a for luminance has a peak around the wavelength 360 [nm], and the spectral sensitivity curve 12b for illuminance has two peaks around the wavelength 360 [nm] and around the wavelength 520 [nm]. is there.

＜第2実施形態＞
図3を用いて第2実施形態について説明する。第1実施形態では行動特性分光感度データの波長重み付けを分光センサと演算手段により行っていたが、本実施形態では光センサの前に配置された光学フィルタにより波長重み付けを行う。なお、行動特性分光感度データは第1実施形態と同じものを用いる。 <Second Embodiment>
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the first embodiment, the wavelength weighting of the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is performed by the spectral sensor and the calculation means. However, in the present embodiment, the wavelength weighting is performed by the optical filter arranged in front of the optical sensor. The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is the same as that in the first embodiment.

本実施形態における照度用光センサ8aは、図3（A）のように、受光素子9a、光学フィルタ10aで構成される。また、輝度用光センサ8bは、図3（B）のように、受光素子9b、光学フィルタ10bで構成される。受光素子9a,9bは、紫外光及び可視光を含む広波長域で感度を有する光センサで良ければ何でも良く、一般に半導体受光素子が用いられる。また、2次元の可視化をするために、受光素子9a,9bとしてイメージセンサを用いても良い。光学フィルタ10a,10bは、所定の波長分布の光を通過させるものであればなんでもよく、色素フィルタや干渉フィルタなどが用いられる。また、複数の光学フィルタを組み合わせて複数の波長域にピークを有するようなフィルタを構成しても良い。光学フィルタ10aは、図4（B）の照度用分光感度曲線12bに相当する光を通過させる。光学フィルタ10bは、図4（A）の輝度用分光感度曲線12aに相当する光を通過させる。本実施形態のような構成を採用することで、高価な分光器を用いなくても虫用の輝度・照度計を実現可能である。また、受光素子としてイメージセンサを用いれば、2次元分布の測定が可能であり、より詳細な光環境の構築な可能になる。   As shown in FIG. 3A, the illuminance optical sensor 8a in this embodiment includes a light receiving element 9a and an optical filter 10a. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the luminance optical sensor 8b includes a light receiving element 9b and an optical filter 10b. The light receiving elements 9a and 9b may be any optical sensors having sensitivity in a wide wavelength range including ultraviolet light and visible light, and semiconductor light receiving elements are generally used. In addition, an image sensor may be used as the light receiving elements 9a and 9b for two-dimensional visualization. The optical filters 10a and 10b may be anything as long as they allow light having a predetermined wavelength distribution to pass, and a dye filter, an interference filter, or the like is used. In addition, a plurality of optical filters may be combined to form a filter having peaks in a plurality of wavelength ranges. The optical filter 10a allows light corresponding to the spectral sensitivity curve for illuminance 12b of FIG. 4B to pass. The optical filter 10b allows light corresponding to the luminance spectral sensitivity curve 12a of FIG. By adopting the configuration as in the present embodiment, it is possible to realize an insect luminance / illuminance meter without using an expensive spectroscope. If an image sensor is used as the light receiving element, it is possible to measure a two-dimensional distribution, and a more detailed light environment can be constructed.

以上、本発明の実施形態のいくつか例を説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇において各種の変更が可能であることは言うまでもない。   As mentioned above, although some examples of embodiment of this invention were demonstrated, this invention is not limited to this, A various change is possible in the category of the technical idea described in the claim. Needless to say.

1：測定器本体、 2：照度用分光センサ、 3：輝度用分光センサ、 8a：照度用光センサ、 8b：輝度用光センサ、 9a,9b：受光素子、 10a,10b：光学フィルタ、
11a：誘引性分光感度曲線、 11b：行動活性分光感度曲線、 12a：輝度用分光感度曲線、 12b：照度用分光感度曲線

1: Measuring instrument body: 2: Illuminance spectroscopic sensor, 3: Luminance spectroscopic sensor, 8a: Illuminance photosensor, 8b: Luminance photosensor, 9a, 9b: Light receiving element, 10a, 10b: Optical filter,
11a: attractive spectral sensitivity curve, 11b: behavioral activity spectral sensitivity curve, 12a: luminance spectral sensitivity curve, 12b: illuminance spectral sensitivity curve

Claims (4)

虫の誘引性及び行動活性に関連する輝度又は照度を測定する虫用輝度・照度計であって、
紫外光及び可視光を含む波長域で感度を有する光センサと、
虫の分類群の選択が可能で、虫の分類群ごとに異なる行動特性分光感度データを選択する選択手段と、
前記光センサへの光入力又は前記光センサからの出力信号に対して、前記選択手段で選択された行動特性分光感度データで重み付けする波長重み付け手段と、
前記波長重み付け手段による波長重み付けの結果を、虫用の輝度又は照度として出力する出力手段と、を有し、
前記行動特性分光感度データは、虫の誘引性に関連した誘引性分光感度曲線と、虫の行動活性に関連した行動活性分光感度曲線とを合成したものである、
虫用輝度・照度計。 Insect luminance / illuminance meter for measuring luminance or illuminance related to insect attractivity and behavioral activity,
An optical sensor having sensitivity in a wavelength range including ultraviolet light and visible light;
Insect taxon selection is possible, selection means to select different behavioral characteristic spectral sensitivity data for each insect taxon group,
Wavelength weighting means for weighting the light input to the light sensor or the output signal from the light sensor with the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data selected by the selection means;
An output means for outputting the result of wavelength weighting by the wavelength weighting means as a luminance or illuminance for insects;
The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is a synthesis of an attractive spectral sensitivity curve related to insect attractivity and a behavioral activity spectral sensitivity curve related to insect behavior activity.
Insect brightness / illuminance meter. 前記選択手段は、輝度又は照度の選択も可能であり、
前記行動特性分光感度データは、輝度用と照度用とで異なるものを用いる、
請求項1記載の虫用輝度・照度計。 The selection means can also select brightness or illuminance,
The behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data is different for luminance and illuminance,
The luminance / illuminance meter for insects according to claim 1. 前記光センサは分光センサであり、
前記光センサからの測定分光データを演算する演算手段を有し、
前記演算手段は、前記行動特性分光感度データをデータベースとして記憶しており、
前記演算手段により、前記行動特性分光感度データによる波長重み付け演算を行う、
請求項1又は2記載の虫用輝度・照度計。 The optical sensor is a spectroscopic sensor;
Computation means for computing measurement spectral data from the optical sensor,
The computing means stores the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data as a database,
The calculation means performs wavelength weighting calculation using the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data.
The luminance / illuminance meter for insects according to claim 1 or 2. 前記波長重み付け手段は前記光センサの光入射部に配置される光学フィルタであり、
前記選択手段は、前記行動特性分光感度データに対応する光学フィルタを選択する、
請求項1又は2記載の虫用輝度・照度計。

The wavelength weighting means is an optical filter disposed in a light incident portion of the photosensor,
The selection means selects an optical filter corresponding to the behavior characteristic spectral sensitivity data;
The luminance / illuminance meter for insects according to claim 1 or 2.

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005065601A (en) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-17 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Optical radiation-evaluating method
JP2006208111A (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-08-10 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Optical radiation evaluation apparatus
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