JP2016032381A - Photovoltaic power generation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a photovoltaic power generation facility in which a lower solar battery is prevented from being shaded by an upper solar battery even on the summer solstice.SOLUTION: In the photovoltaic power generation facility, solar batteries are disposed over three stages on support posts. On each H-shaped support post that is formed by horizontally providing a beam in at least one location between two support posts, the solar batteries are disposed toward the south and at an inclination angle of 30° to 50° while deviating the solar batteries around the support posts in a south-to-north direction, respectively, in such a manner that an angle formed from a line connecting a lower end of the upper solar battery and an upper end of the lower solar battery and the ground becomes greater than a meridian height (elevation angle) on the summer solstice in the latitude of an installation place.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation facility in which a solar panel is installed using a pillar.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a photovoltaic power generation panel in which a photovoltaic power generation support pillar is erected on the site of a factory or the like, and a plurality of solar cells are connected in series and parallel to obtain necessary voltages and currents. A photovoltaic power generation system is disclosed in which a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panel units arranged in a row are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction on the support pillar for photovoltaic power generation.

JP 2010-50206 A

  The photovoltaic power generation system described in Patent Literature 1 is described in paragraph [0018] of Patent Literature 1 as “the photovoltaic power generation system is fixed to the photovoltaic power generation support pillars at predetermined intervals. In the paragraph [0030], it is fixed to the solar power generation support pillars at a predetermined interval. It will not be shaded by the photovoltaic panel unit. " However, the southern and middle altitudes of the sun during the summer solstice are about 87 ° in Naha City, about 79 ° in Akashi City, Hyogo Prefecture, and about 78 ° in Tokyo. The sunlight shown in FIG. In the arrangement method of the power generation panel unit, in the summer season centering on the summer solstice, if the predetermined interval is not considerably widened and the height is not considerably high, the shadow of the solar power generation panel unit arranged above is shaded below the solar power generation panel. There was a problem that the unit could not be prevented from occurring. On the other hand, when the predetermined interval is short, there has been a problem that in the summertime centering on the summer solstice, a shadow is generated for a long time on the lower solar power generation panel unit by the upper solar power generation panel unit.

  The present invention was devised in view of such problems, and provides a solar power generation facility in which a solar cell disposed below is not shaded by a solar cell disposed above even at the summer solstice when the sun's south and middle altitudes are highest. Is an issue.

  The solar power generation facility 1 according to claim 1 is a solar power generation facility 1 in which solar cells 2 are arranged in three stages on a support column 3, and a beam 4 is horizontally disposed at least at one place between two support columns 3. Each solar cell 2 is placed on each of the pillars 3 of the H-column type, and the upper solar cell is located between the nearest upper and lower solar cells 2 at an inclination angle 9 of 30 ° to 50 ° facing south. 2 so that the angle 15 formed by the line connecting the lower end 11 of 2 and the upper end 12 of the lower solar cell 2 and the ground 7 is larger than the south-high altitude 6 (elevation angle 5) at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location. 3 is centered and shifted in the north-south direction.

  The solar power generation facility 1 according to claim 1 has a plurality of stages of solar cells 2 that are shifted from each other in the north-south direction around the support column 3, so that the south-middle altitude 6 of the sun 20 is in a period of one year. There is an effect that the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 is not generated in the lower solar cell 2 even in the summer solstice.

  The solar power generation facility 1 of the present invention is installed in a detached house, a corner of an apartment house, a supermarket, a gas station, a highway relay service area, a golf course site, green space of a building or factory, idle land, farmland, Installation from small to medium to large-scale facilities in places where power facilities are required, such as farm roads, tunnels, remote islands, desert areas, etc. Is possible.

  Since the inclination angle 9 of the solar cell 1 is set to a predetermined inclination angle of 30 ° to 50 °, there is an effect that the amount of solar radiation becomes larger than 30 ° or more than 50 °.

  In general, the solar cell 2 has a maximum azimuth angle in the south but the solar radiation amount is maximum. However, the maximum azimuth angle differs depending on the position of the disposed support column 3. Therefore, since the azimuth angle can be freely rotated for each column 3, the azimuth angle can be maximized.

  By adopting an H-column shape in which the beam 4 is horizontally provided at least at one place between the two columns 3, the wind pressure load strength received by the solar cell 2 is increased, and the column 3 is not easily collapsed by the wind pressure received by the solar cell 2. There is an effect.

It is a side surface schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of the present invention. It is a front schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of the present invention. It is an explanatory view of a solar cell arrangement method that does not create a shadow of the upper solar cell on the lower solar cell.- It is explanatory drawing of the shadow in the case of the photovoltaic power generation panel unit of patent document 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an azimuth and the amount of solar radiation. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an inclination angle and the amount of solar radiation. It is an outline figure at the time of becoming mega solar.

  As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, a solar power generation facility 1 according to the present invention is a solar power generation facility 1 in which three solar cells 2 are arranged on a support column 3, and at least between two support columns 2. Each solar cell 2 is placed on each of the pillars 3 in the form of a beam 4 horizontally arranged at one place, and each solar cell 2 is directed to the south with an inclination angle 9 of 30 ° to 50 ° and the nearest upper and lower solar cells. 2, the angle 15 formed by the line connecting the lower end of the upper solar cell 2 and the upper end of the lower solar cell 2 and the ground 7 is larger than the south-high altitude 6 at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location. The support columns 3 are arranged so as to be shifted in the north-south direction, respectively.

  The H column type has a beam 4 installed between two support columns 2 at least at one place. The support column 3 is, for example, a distribution line power pole 13 (concrete pole). The two distribution line power poles 13 are erected in the ground solidified by the concrete foundation 10 and at least one of the two distribution line power poles 13 is provided. In place, for example, the beams 4 are fixed by being squeezed from both side faces of the two distribution line power poles 13. Since the shape from the fixed front view is similar to the H-shape, it was named H-column type. Since the H-column type is a high-strength structure, it is possible to ensure the strength that does not collapse even when wind pressure load is applied to the solar cell 2. Moreover, if high strength JIS standard products are used for the overhead wire hardware, the construction accuracy is uniform and the H column can be made even stronger.

  Then, an installation arm 18 is attached to the H-column-type support column 3, and a gantry 8 in which a lightweight arm metal is formed in a well beam is suspended from the installation arm 18. As a material for the gantry 8, for example, when a member distributed in the market such as a steel material or an aluminum alloy specified in JIS is used, cost reduction and a short delivery time can be realized. Moreover, it can be made excellent in weather resistance by applying hot dip galvanizing.

  In the solar cell 2, for example, two solar cells 2 are arranged in parallel on the mount 8 to form a solar cell module unit 22. And the said solar cell module unit 22 is arrange | positioned in one step | paragraph 3 at 3 steps | paragraphs. In order to effectively use solar energy, the azimuth and inclination angles of the solar cell module unit 22 are taken into consideration, and the shadow of the upper solar cell module unit 22 does not affect the lower solar cell module unit 22 so that the The solar cell module units 22 are arranged in three stages in consideration of the elevation angle which is the south-middle altitude.

  First, the azimuth angle. In general, as shown in FIG. 5, the azimuth angle is preferably set in the south direction where the power generation amount of the solar cell 2 is maximized. However, if we expect the maximum amount of power consumption in the afternoon in summer, and want to set the maximum output time in the afternoon in summer, the amount of solar radiation is more westward than southward as shown in FIG. Since the maximum time of the day is late, the azimuth is set slightly west.

  Next, the inclination angle. The inclination angle 9 of the solar cell 2 is set to 30 ° to 50 °. As shown in FIG. 6, when the inclination angle 9 is less than 30 °, the amount of solar radiation gradually decreases, and when it exceeds 50 °, the amount of solar radiation decreases rapidly. The annual optimum inclination angle 9 at which the power generation amount of the solar cell 2 is maximized is most preferably 45 ° from the diagram showing the relationship between the inclination angle and the amount of solar radiation shown in FIG. 6, and the amount of solar radiation is when the inclination angle is 30 °. 97.5% of the maximum value can be secured. If the inclination angle is set to 30 °, the solar cell is almost horizontally placed, which is contrary to the effectiveness or utilization of the site. Therefore, the inclination angle is set to 45 ° from the balance between the effective use of the site and the amount of solar radiation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, between the nearest upper and lower solar cells 2, a line connecting the lower end 11 of the upper solar cell 2 and the upper end 13 of the lower solar cell 2 and the ground 7 is formed. The angle 15 is arranged so as to be shifted in the north-south direction around the column so that the angle 15 becomes larger than the elevation angle 5 of the south-middle altitude 6 at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location. As shown in FIG. 3, the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 cannot be formed on the lower solar cell 2 as the angle 15 is made larger than the south-middle altitude 6 (elevation angle 5). By realizing the arrangement shifted in the north-south direction, even in the summer solstice, the lower solar cell is not shaded by the influence of the upper solar cell. By the way, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of Patent Document 1, when applying the south-middle altitude of 78 ° of the sunlight 21 shown in FIG. It can be seen that a shadow K is generated.

  In the case where the columns 3 are arranged in the vertical direction, the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 is likely to occur in the lower solar cell 2. The shadow most likely to occur is the south-middle altitude 6, which is the altitude at which the sun has risen the highest during the summer solstice. The midsummer altitude 6 of the summer solstice varies depending on the latitude, and can be obtained from Equation 1.

[Formula 1]
The sun's southern altitude at the time of the summer solstice 6 = 90-(latitude A of the place) + 23.4

  Table 1 shows the latitude of each place and the South-China altitude 6 at the summer solstice.

  From Table 1, in the case of Naha City, the summer solstice 6 is 87.28 °, and the solar cell 2 does not cause a shadow on the lower solar cell 2 even at the lower 6 It becomes possible only by shifting 2 in the north-south direction for each step. In the case of FIG. 1, the south / middle altitude 6 of the sun 20 is created at 78 °. In the solar power generation facility 1 of the present invention, even if the south / middle altitude 6 is 78 °, the lower solar cell 2 depends on the upper solar cell 2. It can be seen that no shadow occurs. As in Naha City, for an altitude of about 87 °, increase the distance in the height direction between the upper and lower solar cells 2 or increase the distance in the north-south direction between the upper and lower solar cells 2. We can cope by enlarging.

  Next, Table 2 compares the data, the area of the present invention, and the power generation capacity with the area and power generation capacity of the mega solar implemented in each place. In the present invention, since the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 does not affect the lower solar cell 2, when the solar cell 2 is arranged in an array, the installation area per 3 KW is 5.5 m × 4.0 m = 22 square meters.

  From Table 2, as shown in FIG. 7, compared with the mega solar 50 or the like, in the case of a large-scale power plant construction plan, an effect of reducing the installation area by at least about 30% can be expected.

  In addition, the H-column type solar power generation facility 1 can be installed with a watt hour meter box 32, a power supply switching box 33, a power conditioner 30, a wiring duct 31, a power storage battery device, and the like on the side surface and the base portion of the power pole. It is possible to install lightning rod equipment, etc., and the pole brackets to support and retain high-power electric wires and weak electric wires that use the generated electricity for power load and communication lines in cooperation with other regions It is also possible to link overhead lines that can be connected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 Solar cell 3 Prop 4 Beam 5 Elevation angle 6 South and middle altitude 7 Ground 8 Mounting base 9 Inclination angle 10 Concrete foundation 11 Lower end 12 Upper end 13 Electric pole 15 Angle 18 Installation arm 20 Solar 21 Solar 22 Solar cell module unit 30 Power conditioner 31 Wiring duct 32 Electric energy meter box 33 Power switch box 50 Mega solar K Shadow

  The present invention relates to a photovoltaic power generation facility in which a solar panel is installed using a pillar.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a photovoltaic power generation panel in which a photovoltaic power generation support pillar is erected on the site of a factory or the like, and a plurality of solar cells are connected in series and parallel to obtain necessary voltages and currents. A photovoltaic power generation system is disclosed in which a plurality of photovoltaic power generation panel units arranged in a row are arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction on the support pillar for photovoltaic power generation.

JP 2010-50206 A

  The photovoltaic power generation system described in Patent Literature 1 is described in paragraph [0018] of Patent Literature 1 as “the photovoltaic power generation system is fixed to the photovoltaic power generation support pillars at predetermined intervals. In the paragraph [0030], it is fixed to the solar power generation support pillars at a predetermined interval. It will not be shaded by the photovoltaic panel unit. " However, the southern and middle altitudes of the sun during the summer solstice are about 87 ° in Naha City, about 79 ° in Akashi City, Hyogo Prefecture, and about 78 ° in Tokyo. The sunlight shown in FIG. In the arrangement method of the power generation panel unit, in the summer season centering on the summer solstice, if the predetermined interval is not considerably widened and the height is not considerably high, the shadow of the solar power generation panel unit arranged above is shaded below the solar power generation panel. There was a problem that the unit could not be prevented from occurring. On the other hand, when the predetermined interval is short, there has been a problem that in the summertime centering on the summer solstice, a shadow is generated for a long time on the lower solar power generation panel unit by the upper solar power generation panel unit.

  The present invention was devised in view of such problems, and provides a solar power generation facility in which a solar cell disposed below is not shaded by a solar cell disposed above even at the summer solstice when the sun's south and middle altitudes are highest. Is an issue.

The solar power generation facility 1 according to claim 1 is a solar power generation facility 1 in which solar cells 2 are arranged in three stages on a support column 3, and a beam 4 is horizontally disposed at least at one place between two support columns 3. Each solar cell 2 is arranged on each of the pillars 3 of the H-column type, and a plurality of solar cells 2 arranged in parallel on the same stage are not connected to the solar cells 2 that are close to each other. A line connecting the lower end 11 of the upper solar cell 2 and the upper end 12 of the lower solar cell 2 with the inclination angle 9 of 30 ° to 50 ° and the nearest upper and lower solar cells 2 and the ground 7 Is arranged to be larger than the south-high altitude 6 (elevation angle 5) at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location, and the lowermost solar cell 2 and the uppermost solar cell 2 are It is characterized by being shifted from the north and south in the center.

  The solar power generation facility 1 according to claim 1 has a plurality of stages of solar cells 2 that are shifted from each other in the north-south direction around the support column 3, so that the south-middle altitude 6 of the sun 20 is in a period of one year. There is an effect that the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 is not generated in the lower solar cell 2 even in the summer solstice.

  The solar power generation facility 1 of the present invention is installed in a detached house, a corner of an apartment house, a supermarket, a gas station, a highway relay service area, a golf course site, green space of a building or factory, idle land, farmland, Installation from small to medium to large-scale facilities in places where power facilities are required, such as farm roads, tunnels, remote islands, desert areas, etc. Is possible.

  Since the inclination angle 9 of the solar cell 1 is set to a predetermined inclination angle of 30 ° to 50 °, there is an effect that the amount of solar radiation becomes larger than 30 ° or more than 50 °.

  In general, the solar cell 2 has a maximum azimuth angle in the south but the solar radiation amount is maximum. However, the maximum azimuth angle differs depending on the position of the disposed support column 3. Therefore, since the azimuth angle can be freely rotated for each column 3, the azimuth angle can be maximized.

  By adopting an H-column shape in which the beam 4 is horizontally provided at least at one place between the two columns 3, the wind pressure load strength received by the solar cell 2 is increased, and the column 3 is not easily collapsed by the wind pressure received by the solar cell 2. There is an effect.

It is a side surface schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of the present invention. It is a front schematic diagram of the photovoltaic power generation equipment of the present invention. It is an explanatory view of a solar cell arrangement method that does not create a shadow of the upper solar cell on the lower solar cell.- It is explanatory drawing of the shadow in the case of the photovoltaic power generation panel unit of patent document 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an azimuth and the amount of solar radiation. It is a figure which shows the relationship between an inclination angle and the amount of solar radiation. It is an outline figure at the time of becoming mega solar.

As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, a solar power generation facility 1 according to the present invention is a solar power generation facility 1 in which three solar cells 2 are arranged on a support column 3, and at least between two support columns 2. It is different from the solar cell 2 in which a plurality of solar cells 2 arranged in parallel on the same stage are respectively arranged on each of the pillars 3 of the H column type in which the beam 4 is horizontally arranged at one place. In the form of connection, the lower end of the upper solar cell 2 and the upper end of the lower solar cell 2 are connected between the solar cells 2 at the inclination angle 9 of 30 ° to 50 ° and the nearest upper and lower solar cells 2. The angle 15 formed by the connected line and the ground surface 7 is arranged so as to be larger than the south-middle altitude 6 at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location, and the bottom solar cell 2 and the top solar cell 2 are 3 are shifted in the north-south direction around the center.

  The H column type has a beam 4 installed between two support columns 2 at least at one place. The support column 3 is, for example, a distribution line power pole 13 (concrete pole). The two distribution line power poles 13 are erected in the ground solidified by the concrete foundation 10 and at least one of the two distribution line power poles 13 is provided. In place, for example, the beams 4 are fixed by being squeezed from both side faces of the two distribution line power poles 13. Since the shape from the fixed front view is similar to the H-shape, it was named H-column type. Since the H-column type is a high-strength structure, it is possible to ensure the strength that does not collapse even when wind pressure load is applied to the solar cell 2. Moreover, if high strength JIS standard products are used for the overhead wire hardware, the construction accuracy is uniform and the H column can be made even stronger.

  Then, an installation arm 18 is attached to the H-column-type support column 3, and a gantry 8 in which a lightweight arm metal is formed in a well beam is suspended from the installation arm 18. As a material for the gantry 8, for example, when a member distributed in the market such as a steel material or an aluminum alloy specified in JIS is used, cost reduction and a short delivery time can be realized. Moreover, it can be made excellent in weather resistance by applying hot dip galvanizing.

  In the solar cell 2, for example, two solar cells 2 are arranged in parallel on the mount 8 to form a solar cell module unit 22. And the said solar cell module unit 22 is arrange | positioned in one step | paragraph 3 at 3 steps | paragraphs. In order to effectively use solar energy, the azimuth and inclination angles of the solar cell module unit 22 are taken into consideration, and the shadow of the upper solar cell module unit 22 does not affect the lower solar cell module unit 22 so that the The solar cell module units 22 are arranged in three stages in consideration of the elevation angle which is the south-middle altitude.

  First, the azimuth angle. In general, as shown in FIG. 5, the azimuth angle is preferably set in the south direction where the power generation amount of the solar cell 2 is maximized. However, if we expect the maximum amount of power consumption in the afternoon in summer, and want to set the maximum output time in the afternoon in summer, the amount of solar radiation is more westward than southward as shown in FIG. Since the maximum time of the day is late, the azimuth is set slightly west.

  Next, the inclination angle. The inclination angle 9 of the solar cell 2 is set to 30 ° to 50 °. As shown in FIG. 6, when the inclination angle 9 is less than 30 °, the amount of solar radiation gradually decreases, and when it exceeds 50 °, the amount of solar radiation decreases rapidly. The annual optimum inclination angle 9 at which the power generation amount of the solar cell 2 is maximized is most preferably 45 ° from the diagram showing the relationship between the inclination angle and the amount of solar radiation shown in FIG. 6, and the amount of solar radiation is when the inclination angle is 30 °. 97.5% of the maximum value can be secured. If the inclination angle is set to 30 °, the solar cell is almost horizontally placed, which is contrary to the effectiveness or utilization of the site. Therefore, the inclination angle is set to 45 ° from the balance between the effective use of the site and the amount of solar radiation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, between the nearest upper and lower solar cells 2, a line connecting the lower end 11 of the upper solar cell 2 and the upper end 13 of the lower solar cell 2 and the ground 7 is formed. The angle 15 is arranged so as to be shifted in the north-south direction around the column so that the angle 15 becomes larger than the elevation angle 5 of the south-middle altitude 6 at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location. As shown in FIG. 3, the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 cannot be formed on the lower solar cell 2 as the angle 15 is made larger than the south-middle altitude 6 (elevation angle 5). By realizing the arrangement shifted in the north-south direction, even in the summer solstice, the lower solar cell is not shaded by the influence of the upper solar cell. By the way, as shown in FIG. 4, in the case of Patent Document 1, when applying the south-middle altitude of 78 ° of the sunlight 21 shown in FIG. It can be seen that a shadow K is generated.

  In the case where the columns 3 are arranged in the vertical direction, the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 is likely to occur in the lower solar cell 2. The most prone to the shadow is the south-middle altitude 6, which is the altitude at which the sun rose the highest during the summer solstice. The midsummer altitude 6 of the summer solstice varies depending on the latitude, and can be obtained from Equation 1.

  Table 1 shows the latitude of each place and the South-China altitude 6 at the summer solstice.

  From Table 1, in the case of Naha City, the summer solstice 6 is 87.28 °, and the solar cell 2 does not cause a shadow on the lower solar cell 2 even at the lower 6 It becomes possible only by shifting 2 in the north-south direction for each step. In the case of FIG. 1, the south / middle altitude 6 of the sun 20 is created at 78 °. In the solar power generation facility 1 of the present invention, even if the south / middle altitude 6 is 78 °, the lower solar cell 2 depends on the upper solar cell 2. It can be seen that no shadow occurs. As in Naha City, for an altitude of about 87 °, increase the distance in the height direction between the upper and lower solar cells 2 or increase the distance in the north-south direction between the upper and lower solar cells 2. We can cope by enlarging.

  Next, Table 2 compares the data, the area of the present invention, and the power generation capacity with the area and power generation capacity of the mega solar implemented in each place. In the present invention, since the shadow of the upper solar cell 2 does not affect the lower solar cell 2, when the solar cell 2 is arranged in an array, the installation area per 3 KW is 5.5 m × 4.0 m = 22 square meters.

  From Table 2, as shown in FIG. 7, compared with the mega solar 50 or the like, in the case of a large-scale power plant construction plan, an effect of reducing the installation area by at least about 30% can be expected.

  In addition, the H-column type solar power generation facility 1 can be installed with a watt hour meter box 32, a power supply switching box 33, a power conditioner 30, a wiring duct 31, a power storage battery device, and the like on the side surface and the base portion of the power pole. It is possible to install lightning rod equipment, etc., and the pole brackets to support and retain high-power electric wires and weak electric wires that use the generated electricity for power load and communication lines in cooperation with other regions It is also possible to link overhead lines that can be connected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photovoltaic power generation equipment 2 Solar cell 3 Prop 4 Beam 5 Elevation angle 6 South and middle altitude 7 Ground 8 Mounting base 9 Inclination angle 10 Concrete foundation 11 Lower end 12 Upper end 13 Electric pole 15 Angle 18 Installation arm 20 Solar 21 Solar 22 Solar cell module unit 30 Power conditioner 31 Wiring duct 32 Electric energy meter box 33 Power switch box 50 Mega solar K Shadow

Claims (1)

It is a photovoltaic power generation facility in which three stages of solar cells are arranged on a support,
In each of the pillars of the H column type where the beam is laid in at least one place between the two pillars,
Each solar cell
The angle between the ground and the line connecting the lower end of the upper solar cell and the upper end of the lower solar cell between the upper and lower solar cells closest to the south, at an inclination angle of 30 ° to 50 °. The solar power generation equipment is characterized by being arranged so as to be shifted in the north-south direction around the support so that it is larger than the south-mid altitude at the summer solstice at the latitude of the installation location.

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