JP2016025674A - Rotary electric machine and rotator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve cooling performance of a rotator.SOLUTION: The rotator of the rotary electric machine has a rotor shaft 11 which extends in an axial direction and a rotor core 12 which has plural laminates 32a and 32b. The plural laminates 32a and 32b include plural cylindrical laminating plates 31 which are concentrically laminated in an axial direction and each of which has a central opening concentrically formed on the center being disposed outer side of the rotor shaft 11. The plural laminates 32a and 32b have a gap between the parts neighboring each other in the axial direction to form a duct 33 for allowing cooling gas to pass therethrough. The rotor core 12 has a flow path 13a extending in the axial direction. At least one end of the laminates 32a and 32b facing each other being interposed by the duct 33, the area of the flow path adjacent to the duct 33 in the axial direction gradually increases as gets closer to the duct 33 in the axial direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotor including an iron core in which a cooling channel is formed, and a rotating electrical machine having the rotor.

  For example, a rotor of a rotating electric machine such as a synchronous motor is usually provided on a rotor shaft that rotates around an axis, a cylindrical rotor core in which ferromagnetic steel plates are laminated in an axial direction, and a circumferential outer side of the rotor core. And a rotor coil housed in a plurality of slots formed to extend in the axial direction.

  The rotor coil is held by a rotor wedge inserted in an opening extending in the axial direction on the radially outer side of the slot of the rotor core so as to close the opening. Moreover, the rotor coil is hold | maintained so that the part which protruded to the rotor core-axis direction outer side may resist centrifugal force with the cyclic | annular holding ring.

JP-A-5-161288

  As described above, the rotor coil is in mechanical contact with or coupled to many members, but it is necessary to maintain insulation electrically. For this reason, many insulating materials are used for the rotor coil and its peripheral members.

  Insulating materials have a limitation in heat resistance depending on the materials used. On the other hand, the current density in the rotor coil tends to increase as the single machine capacity of the rotating electrical machine increases in recent years. For this reason, cooling of each part of the rotor including the rotor coil is important. Similarly, cooling of each part is important for the stator.

  For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, for cooling the rotor, a cylindrical space is provided between the rotor shaft and the rotor core, and a duct that is a gap between the rotor cores is provided in the axial direction. is there. Rotor cooling gas such as air flows from the cylindrical space, flows in the axial direction, changes direction, and flows radially outward in the duct. In such a case, it is important to ensure the cooling performance by reducing the pressure loss due to the flow of the cooling gas.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the cooling performance of the rotor.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a rotating electrical machine including a rotor and a stator provided on a radially outer side of the rotor, the rotor being rotatably supported by a shaft. A plurality of circular laminating plates that are provided concentrically in the axial direction and have a rotor shaft that extends in the axial direction at the axial center and a central opening that is provided outside the rotor shaft and is concentrically formed in the center. Rotor core having a plurality of laminates that form a duct for passing cooling gas radially outward by being spaced apart from each other in the axially adjacent portions. And the rotor core has an axial flow path extending in the axial direction, and the axial direction in the vicinity of the duct in at least one of the stacked bodies facing each other across the duct The area of the flow path is Characterized in that it monotonously increases as the axial direction closer to the duct.

  Further, the present invention is a rotor of a rotating electrical machine, and is a rotor shaft that is rotatably supported and extends in the axial direction at the center of the rotation shaft, and is provided outside the rotor shaft and concentrically formed in the center. A plurality of circular laminate plates having a central opening are concentrically laminated in the axial direction, and the cooling gas has a diameter by having a space between each other at portions adjacent to each other in the axial direction. A rotor core having a plurality of laminates forming a duct for passing outward in the direction, the rotor core having an axial flow path extending in the axial direction, the duct In at least one of the laminates facing each other with a gap therebetween, the area of the axial flow path in the vicinity of the duct monotonously increases as the duct approaches the duct in the axial direction.

  According to the present invention, the cooling performance of the rotor can be improved.

It is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 1. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the detail of the IV section of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the combination of a laminated body typically.

  Hereinafter, a rotating electrical machine and a rotor according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, the same or similar parts are denoted by common reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electrical machine according to the embodiment. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. The rotating electrical machine 100 includes a rotor 10 and a stator 20.

  The rotor 10 includes a rotor shaft 11 that rotates around a rotation axis, and a cylindrical rotor core 12 that is disposed on the radially outer side of the rotor shaft 11 and extends in the axial direction. The rotor core 12 has an inner diameter larger than the outer shape of the rotor shaft 11, is provided concentrically with the rotor shaft 11, and is coupled to the rotor shaft 11 by a plurality of ribs 13.

  The plurality of ribs 13 that connect the outer surface of the rotor shaft 11 and the inner surface of the rotor core 12 extend in the axial direction with a space therebetween in the circumferential direction. As a result, a plurality of axial flow paths 13 a are formed by the outer surface of the rotor shaft 11, the inner surface of the rotor core 12, and the plurality of ribs 13.

  On the radially outer surface of the rotor core 12, a plurality of slots 12 a are formed extending in the axial direction and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. A rotor coil 14 is provided in each slot 12a. At both ends in the axial direction of the rotor coil 14, that is, outside in the axial direction of the rotor core 12, the rotor coil 14 is configured to prevent the rotor coil 14 from being deformed radially outward due to centrifugal force during rotation. It is held by the holding ring 17 (FIG. 2).

  The rotor core 12 has a laminated body 32 (FIGS. 2 and 3) in which a laminating plate 31 that is a magnetic steel plate having a hole formed in a central region is laminated in the axial direction. A plurality of clamp bars 15 (FIGS. 1 and 2) penetrates in the axial direction at positions spaced circumferentially on the circumference concentric with the rotor core 12.

  On both outer sides in the axial direction of the rotor core 12, plate-like clampers 15a (FIGS. 2 and 3) are respectively provided. Both ends of the clamp bar 15 pass through the clamper 15a, and a nut 15b is attached to the clamp bar 15. The clamper 15a moves in a direction close to each other via the clamp bar 15 by tightening with the nut 15b. As a result, the rotor core 12 is clamped from both sides in the axial direction by the clamper 15a.

  In addition, a plurality of damper bars 16 penetrates in the axial direction at positions spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction on the circumference concentric with the rotor core 12 on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor core 12 from the clamp bar 15. doing. Both ends of the damper bar 16 are connected to a perforated disc-shaped short-circuit plate 16a. The short-circuit plate 16a also fastens the rotor core 12 from both axial sides.

  In the axial direction of the rotor core 12, a duct 33, which is a portion where the laminated plate 31 is not provided and which serves as a radial flow path, is formed by a spacer (not shown) (FIGS. 2 and 3). ). The duct 33 serves as a flow path that directly communicates the axial flow path 13 a and the radially outer side of the rotor 10. That is, in the duct 33, the cooling gas flows out radially outward over the entire circumferential direction. In addition, although the case where the duct 33 was provided in one place in the axial direction was shown, it is not limited to this. There may be a plurality of locations in the axial direction. The installation location of the duct 33 may be determined by the overall flow of cooling gas such as air in the rotating electrical machine 100, the flow distribution, and the like.

  A stator 20 is provided on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor core 12. The stator 20 has a cylindrical shape, and the radially inner side of the stator 20 faces the radially outer side of the rotor 10 with a gap interposed therebetween. The rotor core 12, the rotor coil 14, and the stator 20 are housed in a casing (not shown). A cooling gas (for example, air) flow path is formed in the casing, and in the rotor 10, the cooling gas is axially passed through the axial flow path 13 a from both axial ends of the rotor 10. And then flows out radially outward from the duct 33 (FIGS. 2 and 3).

  FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing details of the IV part of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view schematically showing a combination of laminates.

  A duct 33 is formed between the first stacked body 32a and the second stacked body 32b arranged in the axial direction of the stacked body 32. The 1st laminated body 32a has the some 1st laminated board 31a laminated | stacked on the axial direction. The second laminate 32b has a plurality of second laminates 31b laminated in the axial direction. Except for the vicinity of the duct 33, a central opening 37 having the same diameter and the same diameter is formed at the center of each of the plurality of first stacking plates 31a. The central opening 37 has a diameter having a diameter obtained by adding a clearance for allowing the rotor shaft 11 to be inserted into the stacked body 32 to the circumscribed circle of the plurality of ribs 13 attached to the rotor shaft 11.

  In the vicinity of the duct 33 of the first laminated body 32a, the diameter of each opening formed at the center of the first laminated body 32a increases in two steps as the duct 33 is approached, and the stepped portion 34a and the stepped portion 34b are formed. Is forming. Specifically, the central opening 37 a formed in each first laminating plate 31 a of the stepped portion 34 a is larger than the central opening 37. Further, the central opening 37b formed in each first laminating plate 31a of the stepped portion 34b adjacent to the duct 33 is larger than the central opening 37a.

  Similarly, the 2nd laminated body 32b has the some 2nd laminated board 31b laminated | stacked on the axial direction. A central opening 38 having the same diameter and the same diameter is formed at the center of each of the plurality of second stacking plates 31b except for the vicinity of the duct 33. Similar to the central opening 37, the central opening 38 has a diameter obtained by adding a clearance for allowing the rotor shaft 11 to be inserted into the stacked body 32 to the circumscribed circle of the plurality of ribs 13 attached to the rotor shaft 11. It is a size.

  In the vicinity of the duct 33 of the second stacked body 32b, the diameter of each opening formed in the center of the second stacked body 32b increases in two steps as the duct 33 approaches the stepped portion 35a and the stepped portion 35b. Is forming. Specifically, the central opening 38 a formed in each second laminating plate 31 b of the stepped portion 35 a is larger than the central opening 38. Further, the central opening 38b formed in each second laminating plate 31b of the stepped portion 35b adjacent to the duct 33 is larger than the central opening 38a.

  In addition, although the case where the diameter of the opening formed in stepped part 34a and 34b increases to two steps, ie, the case where the diameter of an opening is three types, was shown, it is not limited to this. For example, the diameter of the opening may be two types or may be three or more types as long as it increases monotonously as it approaches the duct 33 along the axial direction. Or you may form so that the diameter of the opening of each board | substrate 31 for lamination | stacking may increase continuously by drilling the laminated body 32 in the shape of a cone in an axial direction.

  Further, at the entrance of the duct 33, a stepped portion 34a and a stepped portion 34b are formed in the first stacked body 32a, and the second stacked body 32b is also symmetrical with the stepped portion 34a and the stepped portion 34b, respectively. Although the case where the stepped portion 35a and the stepped portion 35b are formed is shown in FIG. The shape of the stepped portion 34a and the stepped portion 34b may be different. Moreover, the case where the step part is formed only in any one may be sufficient.

  The shape and dimensions of the stepped portion take into account, for example, the state of the cooling gas flow around the rotor 10, the degree of improvement in cooling efficiency due to the formation of the stepped portion, and the work burden for forming the hole. Determined.

  In the present embodiment formed as described above, when the cooling gas flowing through the axial flow path 13a flows into the duct 33, the inlet expansion portion 36 is formed. Changes are mitigated, and pressure loss due to sudden changes in flow direction is mitigated. Also. Since the inlet of the duct 33 is gradually narrowed, the pressure loss due to the rapid contraction of the flow is alleviated. As described above, the generation of pressure loss is alleviated and reduced, whereby the flow of the cooling gas in the rotating electrical machine 100 is improved and the cooling performance is improved.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, embodiment is shown as an example and is not intending limiting the range of invention. For example, in the embodiment, the case where the central opening formed in the laminating plate is an element forming the axial flow path has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied even when openings formed in the laminating plate apart from the central opening are connected to form an axial flow path.

Furthermore, the embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
This embodiment and its modifications are included in the scope of the present invention and the gist thereof, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalent scope thereof.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Rotor, 11 ... Rotor shaft, 12 ... Rotor core, 12a ... Slot, 13 ... Rib, 13a ... Axial flow path, 14 ... Rotor coil, 15 ... Clamp bar, 15a ... Clamper, 15b ... Nut, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 ... Damper bar, 16a ... Short circuit board, 17 ... Retaining ring, 20 ... Stator, 31 ... Lamination board, 31a ... 1st lamination board, 31b ... 2nd lamination board, 32 ... Lamination body, 32a ... 1st laminated body, 32b ... 2nd laminated body, 33 ... Duct, 34a, 34b, 35a, 35b ... Stepped part, 36 ... Entrance extension part, 37, 37a, 37b, 38, 38a, 38b ... Center Opening, 100 ... rotating electric machine

Claims (7)

A rotating electrical machine comprising a rotor and a stator provided on the radially outer side of the rotor,
The rotor is
A rotor shaft that is rotatably supported and extends in the axial direction about the rotation axis;
A plurality of circular laminated plates provided on the outer side of the rotor shaft and having a central opening concentrically formed in the center are laminated in the axial direction, and are mutually in the axial direction. A rotor core having a plurality of laminated bodies forming a duct for allowing a cooling gas to pass radially outward by having an interval between adjacent portions; and
Comprising
The rotor core has an axial flow path extending in the axial direction, and in at least one of the stacked bodies facing each other across the duct, the area of the axial flow path in the vicinity of the duct is: A rotating electrical machine that monotonously increases as it approaches the duct in the axial direction.   2. The rotation according to claim 1, further comprising a rotor coil provided near a radial surface of the rotor core and extending in the axial direction and spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. Electric. The rotor core is concentric with the rotor shaft by extending in the axial direction and arranged on the outer side in the radial direction of the rotor shaft and attached at intervals in the circumferential direction to support the rotor core from the inner peripheral side. A plurality of ribs to be fixed to the
The laminated body is provided outside the plurality of ribs attached to the rotor shaft, and is positioned concentrically in the radial direction by the plurality of ribs except for the vicinity of the duct, and the radially outer side of the rotor shaft A central opening is connected to the axial direction to form the axial flow path,
In at least one of the laminates facing each other across the duct, the area of the central opening formed in the laminating plate in the vicinity of the duct increases monotonically as the duct approaches the duct. The rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotating electric machine is characterized.   In order to make all the laminating plates of the rotor core concentric by radial positioning, it further comprises a plurality of bar-shaped clamp bars penetrating all the laminating plates in the axial direction. The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Two clampers provided on both sides of the rotor core so as to sandwich the rotor core in order to compress the rotor core from both sides in the axial direction;
The plurality of clamp bars are connected to the two clampers at both ends, respectively, and are formed so that the rotor core can be tightened in the axial direction via the clampers.
The rotating electrical machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotating electric machine is characterized in that:   The area of the axial flow path in the vicinity of the duct monotonously increases in a step shape as the duct approaches the duct in the axial direction. Rotating electric machine. A rotor of a rotating electric machine,
A rotor shaft that is rotatably supported and extends in the axial direction about the rotation axis;
A plurality of circular laminated plates provided on the outer side of the rotor shaft and having a central opening concentrically formed in the center are laminated in the axial direction, and are mutually in the axial direction. A rotor core having a plurality of laminated bodies forming a duct for allowing a cooling gas to pass radially outward by having an interval between adjacent portions; and
Comprising
The rotor core has an axial flow path extending in the axial direction, and in at least one of the stacked bodies facing each other across the duct, the area of the axial flow path in the vicinity of the duct is: A rotor that monotonously increases as it approaches the duct in the axial direction.

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