JP2016023195A - Curable maleimide resin, and curable resin composition and cured product of the same - Google Patents

Curable maleimide resin, and curable resin composition and cured product of the same Download PDF

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JP2016023195A
JP2016023195A JP2014145802A JP2014145802A JP2016023195A JP 2016023195 A JP2016023195 A JP 2016023195A JP 2014145802 A JP2014145802 A JP 2014145802A JP 2014145802 A JP2014145802 A JP 2014145802A JP 2016023195 A JP2016023195 A JP 2016023195A
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maleimide
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JP6429366B2 (en
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一貴 松浦
Kazuki Matsuura
一貴 松浦
清二 江原
Seiji Ebara
清二 江原
政隆 中西
Masataka Nakanishi
政隆 中西
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Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a curable maleimide resin which forms a high heat resistant maleimide network structure that is always useful for curing various resins, in particular, for curing epoxy and maleimide resins by reacting an anion polymerization catalyst having high basicity with a maleimide compound, and has excellent dielectric characteristics; and a curable resin composition using the same and a cured product of the same.SOLUTION: A curable maleimide resin is formed by reacting a compound having at least one maleimide group in one molecule with an anion polymerization catalyst, and contains a linear structure or a maleimide cyclic trimer structure.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

本発明は、特定の触媒を用いて高耐熱、低誘電率のマレイミドネットワーク構造を有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂、硬化性樹脂組成物並びに硬化物に関するものである。本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂及び硬化性樹脂組成物、硬化物によれば高温での耐久信頼性、力学的性質、誘電特性などに優れていて、半導体封止材、プリント配線基板、ビルドアップ積層板などの電気・電子部品や、炭素繊維強化プラスティック、ガラス繊維強化プラスティックなどの軽量高強度材料に好適に使用される。 The present invention relates to a curable maleimide resin, a curable resin composition and a cured product having a maleimide network structure having a high heat resistance and a low dielectric constant using a specific catalyst. According to the curable maleimide resin and curable resin composition of the present invention, the cured product is excellent in durability reliability at high temperatures, mechanical properties, dielectric properties, etc., semiconductor encapsulant, printed wiring board, build-up laminate It is suitably used for lightweight and high-strength materials such as electrical and electronic parts such as plates, carbon fiber reinforced plastics, and glass fiber reinforced plastics.

近年、電気・電子部品を搭載する積層板はその利用分野の拡大により、要求特性が広範かつ高度化している。例えば従来、耐熱性、寸法安定性、強度、誘電損失の観点から半導体チップは金属製のリードフレームに搭載することが主流であったが、CPUなどの高度な処理能力のある半導体チップは軽量化のために高分子材料で作られる積層板に搭載されることが多くなっている。その際、CPU等の素子の高速化が進みクロック周波数が高くなるにつれ、信号伝搬遅延や伝送損失が問題となるため、配線板に低誘電率化、低誘電正接化が求められるようになっている。同時に素子の高速化に伴い、チップの発熱が大きくなっているため耐熱性を高める必要も生じている。
現在、優れた耐熱性、低誘電正接を有するビスマレイミド樹脂組成物を用いたレジントランスファーモールディング法による成形が提案されているが、上記の要求特性は更なる向上が求められている。従来より耐熱性を付与する方法として、ベンゼン環などの剛直環状構造の導入が試まれてきたが、耐熱性の向上とは反面に結晶性の増加による粘度増加により成形性の低下が問題となる。
In recent years, the required characteristics of a laminated board on which electric / electronic components are mounted have been widened and advanced with the expansion of the field of use. For example, from the viewpoint of heat resistance, dimensional stability, strength, and dielectric loss, semiconductor chips have been mainly mounted on metal lead frames. However, semiconductor chips with advanced processing capabilities such as CPUs are lighter. For this reason, it is increasingly mounted on a laminate made of a polymer material. At that time, as the speed of elements such as CPUs increases and the clock frequency increases, signal propagation delay and transmission loss become a problem. Therefore, low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss tangent are required for wiring boards. Yes. At the same time, as the device speed increases, the heat generated by the chip has increased, and it has become necessary to increase the heat resistance.
Currently, molding by a resin transfer molding method using a bismaleimide resin composition having excellent heat resistance and low dielectric loss tangent has been proposed, but further improvement of the above required characteristics is required. Conventionally, introduction of a rigid ring structure such as a benzene ring has been tried as a method for imparting heat resistance. However, while improving heat resistance, lowering of moldability due to increased viscosity due to increased crystallinity becomes a problem. .

特公昭54−30440号公報Japanese Patent Publication No.54-30440 特開平3−100016号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-100016 特公平8−16151号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-16151 特開昭61−229863号公報JP-A 61-229863 特開2005−264154号公報JP 2005-264154 A 特許第5030297号公報Japanese Patent No. 5030297

マレイミド樹脂にはマレイミド基が自己付加反応しマレイミドネットワークがリニアに伸びる構造および、マレイミド基が環化三量体構造を形成するものが知られているところ、これらの耐熱性、誘電特性について知られていない。
本発明者らは、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、特にマレイミドが環化三量体ネットワークを形成する構造は、ネットワーク内に環状構造の割合が増加し、それに伴い、耐熱性が向上したマレイミド樹脂ネットワークになることを見出した。
即ち、本発明の目的は、マレイミド化合物に塩基性の高いアニオン重合触媒を用いて反応させることにより様々な樹脂系、特にエポキシ及びマレイミド系樹脂を硬化させる上で常に有用な、耐熱性の高いマレイミドネットワーク構造を形成した優れた誘電特性を有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂を提供し、これらを使用した硬化性樹脂組成物及びその硬化物を提供することにある。
Maleimide resins are known to have a structure in which the maleimide group undergoes a self-addition reaction and the maleimide network extends linearly, and the maleimide group forms a cyclized trimer structure, and is known for their heat resistance and dielectric properties. Not.
As a result of intensive investigations, the inventors of the present invention, in particular, the structure in which maleimide forms a cyclized trimer network, increases the proportion of the cyclic structure in the network, and accordingly, the maleimide resin network with improved heat resistance. I found out that
That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a maleimide compound having high heat resistance, which is always useful for curing various resin systems, particularly epoxy and maleimide resins, by reacting a maleimide compound with a highly basic anionic polymerization catalyst. It is an object of the present invention to provide a curable maleimide resin having excellent dielectric properties formed with a network structure, and to provide a curable resin composition using the same and a cured product thereof.

本発明者らは上記課題を解決するために鋭意研究した結果、本発明を完成させるに到った。すなわち、本発明は、
(1)
一分子中に少なくとも1個のマレイミド基を有する化合物とアニオン重合開始剤とを反応させてなるリニア構造又はマレイミド環化三量体構造を含有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂、
(2)
下記一般式(1)で表されるリニア構造を含有する前項(1)に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂、

Figure 2016023195
(式中Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。nは1〜10の整数を表し、0<nの平均値≦10を表す。)
(3)
下記一般式(2)で表されるマレイミド環化三量体構造を含有する前項(1)に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂、
Figure 2016023195
(式中のR〜Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。)
(4)
前項(1)及至前項(3)のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂を必須成分とする硬化性樹脂組成物、
(5)
前項(4)に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化物、
(6)
一分子中に少なくとも1個のマレイミド基を有する化合物(A)と、一分子内に少なくとも1個以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ化合物(B)と、アニオン重合開始剤(C)を反応して得られることを特徴とするマレイミド環化三量体構造の製造方法、
を提供するものである As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention
(1)
A curable maleimide resin containing a linear structure obtained by reacting a compound having at least one maleimide group in one molecule with an anionic polymerization initiator, or a maleimide cyclized trimer structure,
(2)
The curable maleimide resin according to item (1), which contains a linear structure represented by the following general formula (1):
Figure 2016023195
(In the formula, each R 1 independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue. N represents an integer of 1 to 10; <Represents the average value of n ≦ 10.)
(3)
The curable maleimide resin according to item (1), which contains a maleimide cyclized trimer structure represented by the following general formula (2):
Figure 2016023195
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 each independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue.)
(4)
A curable resin composition comprising the curable maleimide resin according to any one of (1) and (3) as an essential component;
(5)
A cured product comprising the curable resin composition according to item (4),
(6)
Obtained by reacting compound (A) having at least one maleimide group in one molecule, epoxy compound (B) having at least one epoxy group in one molecule, and an anionic polymerization initiator (C). A process for producing a maleimide cyclized trimer structure, characterized in that
Is to provide

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂、硬化性樹脂組成物及びその硬化物はリニア構造又は環化三量体構造を含むネットワーク構造を有することから様々なマレイミド樹脂系に対して優れた誘電特性及び耐熱性を有するため、電気電子部品の封止材や回路基板、炭素繊維複合材などに有用な材料である。 The curable maleimide resin, curable resin composition and cured product thereof according to the present invention have a network structure including a linear structure or a cyclized trimer structure, and therefore have excellent dielectric properties and heat resistance for various maleimide resin systems. Therefore, it is a useful material for sealing materials for electric and electronic parts, circuit boards, carbon fiber composite materials, and the like.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂の詳細を以下に示す。
本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は、マレイミド化合物とアニオン重合開始剤とを反応させて得られるリニア構造又はマレイミド環化三量体構造を有する。
Details of the curable maleimide resin of the present invention are shown below.
The curable maleimide resin of the present invention has a linear structure or a maleimide cyclized trimer structure obtained by reacting a maleimide compound with an anionic polymerization initiator.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は硬化過程により耐熱性の高いネットワーク構造を導入する点に特徴を有する。優れた耐熱性、誘電特性を有するマレイミド樹脂ネットワークにはマレイミド基が自己付加反応しマレイミドネットワークがリニアに伸びる構造および、マレイミド基が環化三量体構造を形成するものが知られている。特にマレイミドが環化三量体ネットワークを形成する構造は、ネットワーク内に環状構造の割合が増加し、それに伴い、耐熱性が向上したマレイミド樹脂ネットワークになる。
即ち、優れ耐熱性、誘電特性を有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂組成物及びネットワーク構造のマレイミド環化三量体構造の割合が増加する組成及び条件を提供することである。
The curable maleimide resin of the present invention is characterized in that a highly heat-resistant network structure is introduced by a curing process. Known maleimide resin networks having excellent heat resistance and dielectric properties include a structure in which a maleimide group undergoes a self-addition reaction and the maleimide network extends linearly, and a structure in which a maleimide group forms a cyclized trimer structure. In particular, in the structure in which maleimide forms a cyclized trimer network, the ratio of the cyclic structure in the network increases, and accordingly, a maleimide resin network with improved heat resistance is obtained.
That is, it is to provide a curable maleimide resin composition having excellent heat resistance and dielectric properties and a composition and conditions for increasing the ratio of the maleimide cyclized trimer structure of the network structure.

一般的にホスフィン系アニオン触媒のマレイミド硬化機構として、ホスフィン系触媒内に含まれるリンの非共有電子対がマレイミドの不飽和結合に攻撃付加することでマレイミド環内にカルボアニオンが生成し、アニオン重合すると考えられている。
さらに、イミダゾール系アニオン触媒も、おそらく同様にマレイミド硬化機構としてイミダゾール系触媒内に含まれる窒素の非共有電子対がマレイミドの不飽和結合に攻撃付加することでマレイミド環内にカルボアニオンが生成しアニオン重合すると考えられる。塩基性が高いイミダゾール系アニオン重合触媒はホスフィンアニオン重合系と比較して硬化促進効果が高く、マレイミドの環化三量体形成しやすいものと推定される。
Generally, as a maleimide curing mechanism of phosphine-based anion catalysts, a carbanion is formed in the maleimide ring by the unshared electron pair of phosphorus contained in the phosphine-based catalyst attacking the unsaturated bond of maleimide, and anionic polymerization It is considered to be.
Furthermore, imidazole-based anion catalysts are also likely to form a carbanion in the maleimide ring as a maleimide curing mechanism by attacking the unshared electron pair of nitrogen contained in the imidazole-based catalyst to the unsaturated bond of maleimide. It is thought to polymerize. The imidazole anion polymerization catalyst having a high basicity has a higher curing acceleration effect than the phosphine anion polymerization system, and is presumed to easily form a cyclized trimer of maleimide.

マレイミド硬化過程によるネットワーク構造導入の測定方法としては核磁気共鳴分光法(C13-NMR法)、フーリエ変換赤外分光法(FT-IR法)が挙がられる。C13-NMR法では30、48、52、54ppm付近に環化三量体構造に起因するピークが観測される。また、FT-IR法では、硬化の進行に伴いマレイミドのカルボニル基に起因するピークが著しく減少する。環化三量体マレイミドネットワークと自己付加反応によるマレイミドネットワークはα、β不飽和カルボニルから飽和カルボニルに転移するため、カルボニル基の強度が低下することが知られている。更に環化三量体化したマレイミドネットワークは自己付加反応によるマレイミドネットワークと比較して電子密度が高いため、マレイミド中のカルボニル基が高波数側にシフトする。そのため、1700cm-1付近のカルボニル強度の著しい減少が生じる。三量体マレイミドネットワークの方が自己付加反応によるマレイミドネットワークを比較するとFT-IR法のカルボニル基の強度が低い傾向がある。 Examples of measurement methods for introducing a network structure by the maleimide curing process include nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (C 13 -NMR method) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR method). In the C 13 -NMR method, peaks due to the cyclized trimer structure are observed in the vicinity of 30, 48, 52, and 54 ppm. In the FT-IR method, the peak due to the carbonyl group of maleimide significantly decreases with the progress of curing. It is known that the strength of the carbonyl group decreases because the cyclized trimer maleimide network and the maleimide network by self-addition reaction transfer from α, β unsaturated carbonyl to saturated carbonyl. Furthermore, since the maleimide network cyclized and trimerized has a higher electron density than the maleimide network by self-addition reaction, the carbonyl group in the maleimide shifts to the higher wavenumber side. This results in a significant decrease in carbonyl strength around 1700 cm-1. Trimer maleimide network tends to have lower carbonyl group strength in FT-IR method than maleimide network by self-addition reaction.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂において用いられるアニオン重合開始剤としては、2−メチルイミダゾール、2−エチルイミダゾール、2−フェニルイミダゾール、2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾール、2−ウンデシルイミダゾール、1−シアノエチル−2−エチル−4−メチルイミダゾールなどのイミダゾール類、トリエチルアミン、トリエチレンジアミン、2−(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、1,8−ジアザ−ビシクロ(5,4,0)ウンデセン−7、トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、ベンジルジメチルアミン等のアミン類、トリフェニルホスフィン、トリブチルホスフィン、トリオクチルホスフィンなどのホスフィン類及びオクチル酸スズ、オクチル酸亜鉛、ジブチルスズジマレエート、ナフテン酸亜鉛、ナフテン酸コバルト、オレイン酸スズ等の有機金属塩、塩化亜鉛、塩化アルミニウム、塩化スズなどの金属塩化物などの有機金属化合物などがあり、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、メチルエチルケトンパーオキサイド、t−ブチルパーベンゾエートなど有機過酸化物がある。樹脂組成物に対し好ましくは0.1〜10重量%添加する。特にアニオン重合開始剤としては塩基性の高いイミダゾール系、DBU等のアミン類の方が塩基性の低いホスフィン類と比較して好ましい。 Examples of the anionic polymerization initiator used in the curable maleimide resin of the present invention include 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 2-undecylimidazole, and 1-cyanoethyl. Imidazoles such as 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, triethylamine, triethylenediamine, 2- (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 1,8-diaza-bicyclo (5,4,0) undecene-7, tris (dimethylamino) Methyl) phenol, amines such as benzyldimethylamine, phosphines such as triphenylphosphine, tributylphosphine, trioctylphosphine, and tin octylate, zinc octylate, dibutyltin dimaleate, zinc naphthenate, naphtho There are organometallic salts such as cobalt oxide, tin oleate, and metal chlorides such as zinc chloride, aluminum chloride, tin chloride, benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, t- There are organic peroxides such as butyl perbenzoate. Preferably 0.1 to 10 weight% is added with respect to a resin composition. In particular, as the anionic polymerization initiator, amines such as imidazole series and DBU having high basicity are preferable compared to phosphines having low basicity.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂に配合し得るマレイミド化合物は、一分子中に少なくとも1個のマレイミド基を有する化合物である。前記マレイミド化合物としては従来公知のマレイミド化合物を使用することができる。前記マレイミド化合物の具体例としては、4,4´−ジフェニルメタンビスマレイミド、ポリフェニルメタンマレイミド、m−フェニレンビスマレイミド、2,2´−ビス〔4−(4−マレイミドフェノキシ)フェニル〕プロパン、3,3´−ジメチル−5,5´−ジエチル−4,4´−ジフェニルメタンビスマレイミド、4−メチル−1,3−フェニレンビスマレイミド、4,4´−ジフェニルエーテルビスマレイミド、4,4´−ジフェニルスルフォンビスマレイミド、1,3−ビス(3−マレイミドフェノキシ)ベンゼン、1,3−ビス(4−マレイミドフェノキシ)ベンゼンなどが挙げられるが、本発明で用いられるマレイミド化合物とは、マレイミド基を少なくとも1個分子内に有するものであり、特に限定されるものではなく、公知のマレイミド化合物を示す。これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上併用してもよい。マレイミド化合物の配合量は、重量比で本発明のマレイミド樹脂の好ましくは5倍以下、より好ましくは2倍以下の範囲である。 The maleimide compound that can be blended in the curable maleimide resin of the present invention is a compound having at least one maleimide group in one molecule. A conventionally known maleimide compound can be used as the maleimide compound. Specific examples of the maleimide compound include 4,4′-diphenylmethane bismaleimide, polyphenylmethane maleimide, m-phenylene bismaleimide, 2,2′-bis [4- (4-maleimidophenoxy) phenyl] propane, 3, 3'-dimethyl-5,5'-diethyl-4,4'-diphenylmethane bismaleimide, 4-methyl-1,3-phenylene bismaleimide, 4,4'-diphenyl ether bismaleimide, 4,4'-diphenylsulfone bis Maleimide, 1,3-bis (3-maleimidophenoxy) benzene, 1,3-bis (4-maleimidophenoxy) benzene and the like can be mentioned. The maleimide compound used in the present invention is a molecule having at least one maleimide group. It is what is in, it is not specifically limited, well-known Show a maleimide compound. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The blending amount of the maleimide compound is preferably 5 times or less, more preferably 2 times or less of the maleimide resin of the present invention by weight ratio.

前記マレイミド化合物は、アニリンとビスハロゲノメチルアラルキル誘導体またはアラルキルアルコール誘導体とを反応させることにより得られる芳香族アミンと、マレイン酸またはマレイン酸無水物を反応させることにより得られるマレイミド樹脂を用いることができる。 The maleimide compound may be a maleimide resin obtained by reacting an aromatic amine obtained by reacting aniline with a bishalogenomethylaralkyl derivative or aralkyl alcohol derivative and maleic acid or maleic anhydride. .

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂に配合し得る酸無水物基を有する化合物としては、従来公知のいずれも使用することができる。酸無水物基を有する化合物の具体例としては1,2,3,4−ブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,3,4−シクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,3,4−シクロペンタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,4,5−シクロヘキサンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、ピロメリット酸無水物、5−(2,5−ジオキソテトラヒドロフリル)−3−メチル−3−シクロヘキセン−1,2−ジカルボン酸無水物、4−(2,5−ジオキソテトラヒドロフラン−3−イル)−1,2,3,4−テトラヒドロナフタレン−1,2−ジカルボン酸無水物等が挙げられる。 Any conventionally known compound having an acid anhydride group that can be blended in the curable maleimide resin of the present invention can be used. Specific examples of the compound having an acid anhydride group include 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3, 4-cyclopentanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, 5- (2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuryl) -3-methyl- 3-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, 4- (2,5-dioxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl) -1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, etc. Can be mentioned.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は、マレイミド化合物の硬化反応過程により耐熱性の高いネットワーク構造を主反応として導入される。優れた耐熱性、誘電特性を有するマレイミド樹脂ネットワークには下記一般式(1)に示すようなマレイミド基が自己付加反応しマレイミドネットワークがリニアに伸びる構造を含有し、または下記一般式(2)のようなマレイミド基が環化三量体構造を形成する。特にマレイミドが環化三量体ネットワークを形成する下記一般式(2)は、ネットワーク内に環状構造の割合が増加し、それに伴い、耐熱性が向上したマレイミド樹脂ネットワークが形成される。 In the curable maleimide resin of the present invention, a network structure having high heat resistance is introduced as a main reaction by the curing reaction process of the maleimide compound. The maleimide resin network having excellent heat resistance and dielectric properties contains a structure in which the maleimide group is self-addition-reacted as shown in the following general formula (1), and the maleimide network extends linearly, or the following general formula (2) Such maleimide groups form a cyclized trimer structure. In particular, the following general formula (2) in which maleimide forms a cyclized trimer network increases the proportion of the cyclic structure in the network, and accordingly, a maleimide resin network with improved heat resistance is formed.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は130℃から250℃、好ましくは170℃から220℃の間の温度にて硬化を行う。 The curable maleimide resin of the present invention is cured at a temperature between 130 ° C and 250 ° C, preferably between 170 ° C and 220 ° C.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は下記の一般式(1)で表されるリニア構造を含有する。

Figure 2016023195
(式中Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。nは0〜10の整数を表し、平均値は0≦nの平均値≦10を表す。) The curable maleimide resin of the present invention contains a linear structure represented by the following general formula (1).
Figure 2016023195
(In the formula, each R 1 independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue. N represents an integer of 0 to 10; The value represents an average value of 0 ≦ n ≦ 10.)

2価の芳香環を含む有機基としては、炭素数1から30の2価の有機基が好ましく挙げられる。前記2価の有機基には、脂肪族基及び芳香族基が包含される。また、脂肪族基には、鎖状又は環状の飽和もしくは不飽和の二価脂肪族炭化水素基が包含され、その炭素数は1〜30、好ましくは2〜22である。不飽和脂肪族基には、二重結合や三重結合を持ったものが包含される。2価の芳香族基には、1つのベンゼン環を有する単環芳香族炭化水素(ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等)から誘導される二価炭化水素基及び2つ以上、通常2〜4個のベンゼン環を有する多環芳香族炭化水素(ナフタレン、ビフェニル、ターフェニル等)から誘導される二価炭化水素基が包含される。芳香環としては、例えば、フェニル、ビフェニル、ターフェニル、フルオレン、トリフェニルメタン、ナフタレン、アントラセン、テトラセン、フェナントレン、クリセン、トリフェニレン、ピレン、ペリレン、フラン、チオフェン、ピロール、イミダゾール等を挙げることができる。また、これら芳香族環の置換基としては、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ノルマルブチル、セカンダリブチル、ターシャリブチル、ペンチル、ネオペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、ノニル、デシル、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル等の脂肪族炭化水素基、ビニル、アリル、プロペニル等の不飽和炭化水素基、フェニル、トリル、ナフチル等の芳香族炭化水素基、メトキシ、エトキシ等のアルコキシ基等を挙げることができる。
具体例としては、クレゾール、レゾルシーノ、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールF、レゾルシン、ビスヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル、ビスヒドロキシビフェニル、テトラブロムビスフェノールA、トリヒドロキシフェニルメタン、テトラヒドロキシフェニルエタン等が挙げられる。
Preferred examples of the organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring include divalent organic groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. The divalent organic group includes an aliphatic group and an aromatic group. The aliphatic group includes a chain or cyclic saturated or unsaturated divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, and the carbon number thereof is 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 22. Unsaturated aliphatic groups include those having a double bond or triple bond. The divalent aromatic group includes a divalent hydrocarbon group derived from a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having one benzene ring (benzene, toluene, xylene, etc.) and two or more, usually 2 to 4 benzenes. A divalent hydrocarbon group derived from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon having a ring (naphthalene, biphenyl, terphenyl, etc.) is included. Examples of the aromatic ring include phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, fluorene, triphenylmethane, naphthalene, anthracene, tetracene, phenanthrene, chrysene, triphenylene, pyrene, perylene, furan, thiophene, pyrrole, and imidazole. Examples of the substituent of these aromatic rings include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, normal butyl, secondary butyl, tertiary butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl. And aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, unsaturated hydrocarbon groups such as vinyl, allyl and propenyl, aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as phenyl, tolyl and naphthyl, and alkoxy groups such as methoxy and ethoxy. it can.
Specific examples include cresol, resorcino, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, resorcin, bishydroxydiphenyl ether, bishydroxybiphenyl, tetrabromobisphenol A, trihydroxyphenylmethane, tetrahydroxyphenylethane, and the like.

2価の脂肪族残基とは、炭素数1〜20の2価の脂肪族炭化水素基又は炭素数6〜20の2価の芳香族炭化水素基であり、具体例としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等のアルキル基が好ましい。また、R5によって表されることのある炭化水素基としては、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、イソプロピル基、ブチル基、イソブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等のアルキル基などの脂肪族炭化水素基;シクロヘキシル基、メチルシクロヘキシル基、エチルシクロヘキシル基、ジメチルシクロヘキシル基、ジエチルシクロヘキシル基、トリメチルシクロヘキシル基、トリエチルシクロヘキシル基等のシクロアルキル基などの脂環式炭化水素基;フェニル基、トリル基、キシリル基、メシチル基、エチルフェニル基、ジエチルフェニル基、トリエチルフェニル基、クロロフェニル基、ジクロロフェニル基、トリクロロフェニル基等のハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよいアリール基などの、ハロゲン原子で置換されていてもよい芳香族炭化水素基などが挙げられる。
nは分布を持つ一般式(1)で表されるマレイミド構造の平均値であり、0〜6が好ましく、0〜3が特に好ましい。
The divalent aliphatic residue is a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms. Specific examples include a methyl group, Alkyl groups such as ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group are preferred. Examples of the hydrocarbon group that may be represented by R5 include aliphatic hydrocarbon groups such as alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl, and hexyl groups. An alicyclic hydrocarbon group such as a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, an ethylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a diethylcyclohexyl group, a trimethylcyclohexyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a triethylcyclohexyl group; a phenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, Aromatics optionally substituted with halogen atoms such as aryl groups optionally substituted with halogen atoms such as mesityl group, ethylphenyl group, diethylphenyl group, triethylphenyl group, chlorophenyl group, dichlorophenyl group, trichlorophenyl group Family carbonization A hydrogen group etc. are mentioned.
n is an average value of the maleimide structure represented by the general formula (1) having a distribution, 0 to 6 is preferable, and 0 to 3 is particularly preferable.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂は、下記一般式(2)で表される環化三量体構造を含むネットワーク構造を含有する。

Figure 2016023195
(式中のR〜Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。) The curable maleimide resin of the present invention contains a network structure including a cyclized trimer structure represented by the following general formula (2).
Figure 2016023195
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 each independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue.)

以下において、前記一般式(1)、一般式(2)で表されるマレイミドネットワーク構造を有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂の具体例を例示する。但し、本発明において用いることができる硬化性マレイミド樹脂はこれら具体例に限定的に解釈されるべきものではない。
具体例としては、一般式(3)で表される構造を含有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂、

Figure 2016023195
(式中Rは、環状構造を形成しても良い置換又は無置換のマレイミド基を表す。nは1〜10の整数を表し、0<nの平均値≦10を表す。)
または、一般式(4)で表される構造を含有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂が挙げられる。
Figure 2016023195
(式中、R はアルキル基、アルコキシ基、アリール基、アラルキル基またはハロゲン原子を示し、mは0、1または2を示し、nは0〜50の整数を示す。式中Rは、環状構造を形成しても良い置換又は無置換のマレイミド基を表す。) Below, the specific example of curable maleimide resin which has the maleimide network structure represented by the said General formula (1) and General formula (2) is illustrated. However, the curable maleimide resin that can be used in the present invention should not be limited to these specific examples.
As a specific example, a curable maleimide resin containing a structure represented by the general formula (3),
Figure 2016023195
(In the formula, R 5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted maleimide group that may form a cyclic structure. N represents an integer of 1 to 10 and represents an average value of 0 <n ≦ 10.)
Or curable maleimide resin containing the structure represented by General formula (4) is mentioned.
Figure 2016023195
(In the formula, R 7 represents an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or a halogen atom, m represents 0, 1 or 2, and n represents an integer of 0 to 50. In the formula, R 6 represents Represents a substituted or unsubstituted maleimide group that may form a cyclic structure.)

以下、本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物を説明する。
本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂を必須成分とする硬化性樹脂組成物である。
Hereinafter, the curable resin composition of the present invention will be described.
The curable resin composition of the present invention is a curable resin composition containing the curable maleimide resin of the present invention as an essential component.

本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物に配合し得るエポキシ樹脂としては、従来公知のエポキシ樹脂のいずれも使用することができる。エポキシ樹脂の具体例としては、フェノール類と各種アルデヒドとの重縮合物、フェノール類と各種ジエン化合物との重合物、フェノール類とケトン類との重縮合物、ビスフェノール類と各種アルデヒドの重縮合物及びアルコール類等をグリシジル化したグリシジルエーテル系エポキシ樹脂、4−ビニル−1−シクロヘキセンジエポキシドや3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル−3,4´−エポキシシクロヘキサンカルボキシラートなどを代表とする脂環式エポキシ樹脂、テトラグリシジルジアミノジフェニルメタン(TGDDM)やトリグリシジル−p−アミノフェノールなどを代表とするグリシジルアミン系エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルエステル系エポキシ樹脂等が挙げられるがこれらに限定されるものではなく、本発明で用いられるエポキシ樹脂とはオキシラン環を少なくとも一個分子内に有するものである。これらは単独で用いてもよく2種以上を用いてもよい。 As an epoxy resin that can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention, any conventionally known epoxy resin can be used. Specific examples of epoxy resins include polycondensates of phenols and various aldehydes, polymers of phenols and various diene compounds, polycondensates of phenols and ketones, polycondensates of bisphenols and various aldehydes. And glycidyl ether epoxy resins obtained by glycidylation of alcohols, alicyclic epoxies such as 4-vinyl-1-cyclohexene diepoxide and 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, glycidylamine epoxy resins and glycidyl ester epoxy resins such as resins, tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane (TGDDM) and triglycidyl-p-aminophenol. Used The epoxy resin is one having at least the one molecule an oxirane ring. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

また、フェノール類と前記のビスハロゲノメチルアラルキル誘導体またはアラルキルアルコール誘導体とを縮合反応させることにより得られるフェノールアラルキル樹脂を原料とし、エピクロルヒドリンと脱塩酸反応させることにより得られるエポキシ樹脂は、低吸湿性、難燃性、誘電特性に優れているためエポキシ樹脂として特に好ましい。 Further, a phenol aralkyl resin obtained by condensation reaction of phenols and the above-mentioned bishalogenomethyl aralkyl derivative or aralkyl alcohol derivative, and an epoxy resin obtained by dehydrochlorination reaction with epichlorohydrin are low hygroscopic, Since it is excellent in a flame retardance and a dielectric characteristic, it is especially preferable as an epoxy resin.

上記フェノール類としては、フェノール、アルキル置換フェノール、芳香族置換フェノール、ナフトール、アルキル置換ナフトール、ジヒドロキシベンゼン、アルキル置換ジヒドロキシベンゼン、ジヒドロキシナフタレン等が挙げられる。 Examples of the phenols include phenol, alkyl-substituted phenol, aromatic-substituted phenol, naphthol, alkyl-substituted naphthol, dihydroxybenzene, alkyl-substituted dihydroxybenzene, and dihydroxynaphthalene.

本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物は、無溶剤又は適当な溶剤に双方を溶解して組成物とする。また、無溶剤又は適当な溶剤に溶解して必要により触媒を用いて反応させ組成物とする。これに硬化触媒であるアニオン重合触媒及び/又は有機過酸化物を加えて混合し樹脂組成物とする。 The curable resin composition of the present invention is prepared by dissolving both in a non-solvent or an appropriate solvent. Moreover, it melt | dissolves in a non-solvent or a suitable solvent, and it is made to react using a catalyst if needed, and is set as a composition. An anionic polymerization catalyst and / or an organic peroxide, which is a curing catalyst, is added to and mixed with this to obtain a resin composition.

本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物に有機溶剤を添加してワニス状の組成物(以下、単にワニスという)とすることができる。用いられる溶剤としては、例えばγ−ブチロラクトン類、N−メチルピロリドン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、N,N−ジメチルイミダゾリジノン等のアミド系溶剤、テトラメチレンスルフォン等のスルフォン類、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルモノアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル等のエーテル系溶剤、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン等のケトン系溶剤、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族系溶剤が挙げられる。溶剤は、得られたワニス中の溶剤を除く固形分濃度が通常10〜80重量%、好ましくは20〜70重量%となる範囲で使用する。   An organic solvent can be added to the curable resin composition of the present invention to obtain a varnish-like composition (hereinafter simply referred to as varnish). Examples of the solvent used include amide solvents such as γ-butyrolactone, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-dimethylimidazolidinone, and tetramethylene sulfone. Sulfones, ether solvents such as diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether monoacetate, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, ketones such as methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone and cyclohexanone Aromatic solvents such as solvent, toluene, xylene and the like can be mentioned. The solvent is used in such a range that the solid content concentration excluding the solvent in the obtained varnish is usually 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 20 to 70% by weight.

更に本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて公知の添加剤を配合することが出来る。用いうる添加剤の具体例としては、エポキシ樹脂用硬化剤、ポリブタジエン及びこの変性物、アクリロニトリル共重合体の変性物、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレン、ポリイミド、フッ素樹脂、マレイミド系化合物、シアネートエステル系化合物、シリコーンゲル、シリコーンオイル、並びにシリカ、アルミナ、炭酸カルシウム、石英粉、アルミニウム粉末、グラファイト、タルク、クレー、酸化鉄、酸化チタン、窒化アルミニウム、アスベスト、マイカ、ガラス粉末等の無機充填材、シランカップリング剤のような充填材の表面処理剤、離型剤、カーボンブラック、フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニングリーン等の着色剤が挙げられる。これら添加剤の配合量は、硬化性樹脂組成物100重量部に対して好ましくは1,000重量部以下、より好ましくは700重量部以下の範囲である。 Furthermore, a known additive can be blended in the curable resin composition of the present invention as necessary. Specific examples of additives that can be used include epoxy resin curing agents, polybutadiene and modified products thereof, modified products of acrylonitrile copolymer, polyphenylene ether, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyimide, fluororesin, maleimide compounds, cyanate ester compounds , Silicone gel, silicone oil, inorganic fillers such as silica, alumina, calcium carbonate, quartz powder, aluminum powder, graphite, talc, clay, iron oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum nitride, asbestos, mica, glass powder, silane cup Coloring agents such as a surface treatment agent for a filler such as a ring agent, a release agent, carbon black, phthalocyanine blue, and phthalocyanine green can be used. The amount of these additives is preferably 1,000 parts by weight or less, more preferably 700 parts by weight or less, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the curable resin composition.

本発明の硬化性樹脂組成物の調製方法は特に限定されないが、各成分を均一に混合するだけでも、あるいはプレポリマー化してもよい。例えばマレイミド樹脂とシアネートエステル化合物を触媒の存在下または不存在下、溶剤の存在下または不存在下において加熱することによりプレポリマー化する。同様に、本発明の芳香族アミン樹脂および/または本発明のマレイミド樹脂と、必要によりエポキシ樹脂、アミン化合物、マレイミド系化合物、シアネートエステル化合物、フェノール樹脂、酸無水物化合物及びその他添加剤を追加してプレポリマー化してもよい。各成分の混合またはプレポリマー化は溶剤の不存在下では例えば押出機、ニーダ、ロールなどを用い、溶剤の存在下では攪拌装置つきの反応釜などを使用する。   Although the preparation method of the curable resin composition of this invention is not specifically limited, Each component may be mixed evenly or may be prepolymerized. For example, a maleimide resin and a cyanate ester compound are prepolymerized by heating in the presence or absence of a catalyst and in the presence or absence of a solvent. Similarly, the aromatic amine resin of the present invention and / or the maleimide resin of the present invention and, if necessary, an epoxy resin, an amine compound, a maleimide compound, a cyanate ester compound, a phenol resin, an acid anhydride compound and other additives are added. And may be prepolymerized. For mixing or prepolymerization of each component, for example, an extruder, a kneader, or a roll is used in the absence of a solvent, and a reaction kettle with a stirring device is used in the presence of a solvent.

以下、実施例、比較例により本発明を具体的に説明する。尚、本文中「部」及び「%」は、それぞれ「重量部」及び「重量%」を表す。軟化点及び溶融粘度、ガラス転移温度、誘電率及び誘電正接は下記の方法で測定した。
・ 軟化点 :JIS K−7234に準じた方法で測定
・ 溶融粘度:コーンプレート法での150℃における粘度
・ ジフェニルアミン含量:ガスクロマトグラフィーで測定。
・ ガラス転移温度:動的粘弾性試験機により測定し、tanδが最大値のときの温度。
・ 誘電率及び誘電正接:空洞共振機 Agilent Technologies社製
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples. In the text, “parts” and “%” represent “parts by weight” and “% by weight”, respectively. The softening point and melt viscosity, glass transition temperature, dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent were measured by the following methods.
Softening point: measured by a method according to JIS K-7234 Melt viscosity: viscosity at 150 ° C. by cone plate method Diphenylamine content: measured by gas chromatography
Glass transition temperature: Temperature measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity tester and tan δ is the maximum value.
・ Dielectric constant and dielectric loss tangent: Cavity resonator Agilent Technologies

(合成例1)
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコにアニリン372部とトルエン200部を仕込み、室温で35%塩酸146部を1時間で滴下した。滴下終了後加熱して共沸してくる水とトルエンを冷却・分液した後、有機層であるトルエンだけを系内に戻して脱水を行った。次いで4,4´−ビス(クロロメチル)ビフェニル125部を60〜70℃に保ちながら1時間かけて添加し、更に同温度で2時間反応を行った。反応終了後、昇温をしながらトルエンを留去して系内を195〜200℃とし、この温度で15時間反応をした。その後冷却しながら30%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液330部を系内が激しく還流しないようにゆっくりと滴下し、80℃以下で昇温時に留去したトルエンを系内に戻し、70℃〜80℃で静置した。分離した下層の水層を除去し、反応液の水洗を洗浄液が中性になるまで繰り返した。次いでロータリーエバポレーターで油層から加熱減圧下(200℃、0.6KPa)において過剰のアニリンとトルエンを留去することにより芳香族アミン樹脂(a1)173部を得た。芳香族アミン樹脂(a1)中のジフェニルアミンは2.0%であった。
得られた樹脂を、再びロータリーエバポレーターで加熱減圧下(200℃、4KPa)において水蒸気吹き込みの代わりに水を少量づつ滴下した。その結果、芳香族アミン樹脂(A1)166部を得た。得られた芳香族アミン樹脂(A1)の軟化点は56℃、溶融粘度は0.035Pa・s、ジフェニルアミンは0.1%以下であった。
(Synthesis Example 1)
A flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser, a Dean-Stark azeotropic distillation trap, and a stirrer was charged with 372 parts of aniline and 200 parts of toluene, and 146 parts of 35% hydrochloric acid was added dropwise at room temperature over 1 hour. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was heated to cool and separate azeotropic water and toluene, and then only the organic layer of toluene was returned to the system for dehydration. Subsequently, 125 parts of 4,4′-bis (chloromethyl) biphenyl was added over 1 hour while maintaining the temperature at 60 to 70 ° C., and the reaction was further performed at the same temperature for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, toluene was distilled off while raising the temperature to bring the inside of the system to 195 to 200 ° C., and the reaction was carried out at this temperature for 15 hours. Thereafter, 330 parts of a 30% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was slowly added dropwise while cooling so that the system did not circulate vigorously, and the toluene distilled off at a temperature of 80 ° C. or lower was returned to the system and allowed to stand at 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. I put it. The separated lower aqueous layer was removed, and the reaction solution was washed with water until the washing solution became neutral. Subsequently, 173 parts of aromatic amine resin (a1) was obtained by distilling off excess aniline and toluene from the oil layer with a rotary evaporator under heating and reduced pressure (200 ° C., 0.6 KPa). Diphenylamine in the aromatic amine resin (a1) was 2.0%.
The obtained resin was again dripped little by little on the rotary evaporator under heating and reduced pressure (200 ° C., 4 KPa) instead of steam blowing. As a result, 166 parts of aromatic amine resin (A1) was obtained. The aromatic amine resin (A1) obtained had a softening point of 56 ° C., a melt viscosity of 0.035 Pa · s, and diphenylamine of 0.1% or less.

(合成例2)
温度計、冷却管、ディーンスターク共沸蒸留トラップ、撹拌機を取り付けたフラスコに無水マレイン酸147部とトルエン300部を仕込み、加熱して共沸してくる水とトルエンを冷却・分液した後、有機層であるトルエンだけを系内に戻して脱水を行った。次に、実施例1で得られた芳香族アミン樹脂(A1)195部をN−メチル−2−ピロリドン195部に溶解した樹脂溶液を、系内を80〜85℃に保ちながら1時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了後、同温度で2時間反応を行い、p−トルエンスルホン酸3部を加えて、還流条件で共沸してくる縮合水とトルエンを冷却・分液した後、有機層であるトルエンだけを系内に戻して脱水を行いながら20時間反応を行った。反応終了後、トルエンを120部追加し、水洗を繰り返してp−トルエンスルホン酸及び過剰の無水マレイン酸を除去し、加熱して共沸により水を系内から除いた。次いで反応溶液を濃縮して、マレイミド樹脂(M1)を70%含有する樹脂溶液を得た。
(Synthesis Example 2)
After adding 147 parts of maleic anhydride and 300 parts of toluene to a flask equipped with a thermometer, condenser, Dean-Stark azeotropic distillation trap, and stirrer, cooling and separating the water and toluene azeotropically heated. Then, only toluene which is an organic layer was returned to the system for dehydration. Next, a resin solution obtained by dissolving 195 parts of the aromatic amine resin (A1) obtained in Example 1 in 195 parts of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added over 1 hour while maintaining the system at 80 to 85 ° C. It was dripped. After completion of the dropping, the reaction is carried out at the same temperature for 2 hours, 3 parts of p-toluenesulfonic acid is added, condensed water and toluene azeotroped under reflux conditions are cooled and separated, and only toluene which is an organic layer Was returned to the system and reacted for 20 hours while dehydrating. 120 parts of toluene was added after completion | finish of reaction, water washing was repeated, p-toluenesulfonic acid and excess maleic anhydride were removed, and it heated and removed water from the system by azeotropy. Next, the reaction solution was concentrated to obtain a resin solution containing 70% of maleimide resin (M1).

(実施例1)
N-フェニルマレイミド(PMI,東京化成工業株式会社製) 100重量部に触媒として2-エチル4-メチルイミダゾール(四国化成株式会社)1.5重量部を配合し、これを120℃で5分間溶融混合行い、この混合物を175℃で1時間硬化し硬化性マレイミド樹脂を作成した。
Example 1
N-Phenylmaleimide (PMI, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 100 parts by weight is mixed with 1.5 parts by weight of 2-ethyl 4-methylimidazole (Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd.) as a catalyst, and this is melt mixed at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes. The mixture was cured at 175 ° C. for 1 hour to prepare a curable maleimide resin.

(実施例2)
実施例1において、触媒をトリフェニルホスフィン(和光純薬株式会社)に変更した以外は同様の方法により硬化性マレイミド樹脂を作成した。
実施例1及び実施例2で得た硬化性マレイミド樹脂を下記の測定を行った結果を図1に示す。
13C-NMR測定 (ESC-400、JEOL社製)
図1

Figure 2016023195
(Example 2)
A curable maleimide resin was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the catalyst was changed to triphenylphosphine (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
The results of the following measurements on the curable maleimide resins obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 are shown in FIG.
13 C-NMR measurement (ESC-400, manufactured by JEOL)
FIG.
Figure 2016023195

図1より、実施例1及び実施例2ともにPMIの30、48、52、54ppm付近にピークが観測されたことから、環化三量体マレイミド構造が生成していることを確認できた。また、実施例2では、PMIの40〜50ppm付近に付加重合に起因するピークが大きく観察されたことからリニア構造が生成していることを確認できた。 From FIG. 1, it was confirmed that a cyclized trimer maleimide structure was formed because peaks were observed in the vicinity of 30, 48, 52, and 54 ppm of PMI in both Example 1 and Example 2. Moreover, in Example 2, since the peak resulting from addition polymerization was observed largely in 40-50 ppm vicinity of PMI, it has confirmed that the linear structure was producing | generating.

(実施例3)
実施例1、実施例2で得た硬化性マレイミド樹脂を下記の測定を行った結果を図2に示す。
フーリエ変換赤外分光法(FTIR-8000,島津製作所)
KBr法(Aldrich社製)
図2

Figure 2016023195
(Example 3)
The results of the following measurements on the curable maleimide resins obtained in Example 1 and Example 2 are shown in FIG.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-8000, Shimadzu Corporation)
KBr method (Aldrich)
FIG.
Figure 2016023195

図2より、実施例2と比較して実施例1の1496cm-1のベンゼン環を内部基準にし、カルボニル基に起因する1700cm-1のピーク強度が低いことから、実施例1の方が環化三量体の割合が多い事を示している。 From FIG. 2, compared to Example 2, the benzene ring at 1496 cm -1 in Example 1 is used as an internal standard, and the peak intensity at 1700 cm -1 due to the carbonyl group is lower. This indicates that the proportion of trimers is high.

(実施例4)
合成例2で得たマレイミド樹脂(M1)を56.6重量部のエポキシ樹脂を24.2部で硬化剤18、2重量部、2-エチル4-メチルイミダゾール(四国化成株式会社)1.2重量部を配合しミキシングロールで混練、タブレット化後、トランスファー成形で樹脂成形体を調製し、160℃で2時間、更に180℃で時間、200℃で2時間、220℃で6時間硬化させた。このようにして得られた硬化物の物性を以下の項目について測定した結果を表1に示す。
Example 4
The maleimide resin (M1) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 is 56.6 parts by weight of the epoxy resin, 24.2 parts by weight, the curing agent 18, 2 parts by weight, and 2-ethyl 4-methylimidazole (Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd.) 1.2. After blending parts by weight and kneading with a mixing roll and tableting, a resin molded body was prepared by transfer molding, and cured at 160 ° C. for 2 hours, further at 180 ° C., at 200 ° C. for 2 hours, and at 220 ° C. for 6 hours. . The results of measuring the physical properties of the cured product thus obtained for the following items are shown in Table 1.

(比較例1)
合成例2で得たマレイミド樹脂(M1)を56.6重量部のエポキシ樹脂を24.2部で硬化剤18、2重量部、トリフェニルホスフィン(和光純薬株式会社)1.2重量部を配合しミキシングロールで混練、タブレット化後、トランスファー成形で樹脂成形体を調製し、160℃で2時間、更に180℃で時間、200℃で2時間、220℃で6時間硬化させた。

Figure 2016023195
マレイミド樹脂 :M1
エポキシ樹脂 :NC-3000L(日本化薬株式会社製)
硬化剤 :KAYAHARD GPH-65日本化薬株式会社製)
触媒(実施例4):2-エチル4-メチルイミダゾール(四国化成株式会社)
触媒(比較例1):トリフェニルホスフィン(和光純薬) (Comparative Example 1)
Maleimide resin (M1) obtained in Synthesis Example 2 is 56.6 parts by weight of epoxy resin, 24.2 parts by weight, curing agent 18, 2 parts by weight, and triphenylphosphine (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 1.2 parts by weight. After mixing and kneading with a mixing roll and tableting, a resin molded body was prepared by transfer molding, and cured at 160 ° C. for 2 hours, further at 180 ° C. for 2 hours, at 200 ° C. for 2 hours, and at 220 ° C. for 6 hours.
Figure 2016023195
Maleimide resin: M1
Epoxy resin: NC-3000L (Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
Hardener: KAYAHARD GPH-65 manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.)
Catalyst (Example 4): 2-ethyl 4-methylimidazole (Shikoku Kasei Co., Ltd.)
Catalyst (Comparative Example 1): Triphenylphosphine (Wako Pure Chemical Industries)

(実施例5、比較例2)
実施例4、比較例1で得た硬化サンプルを下記にて測定を行った。
フーリエ変換赤外分光法(FTIR-8000,島津製作所)
KBr法(Aldrich社製)
図3

Figure 2016023195
(Example 5, Comparative Example 2)
The cured samples obtained in Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 were measured as follows.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-8000, Shimadzu Corporation)
KBr method (Aldrich)
FIG.
Figure 2016023195

図3より、実施例5では比較例2に比べて、1496cm-1におけるベンゼン環を内部基準にし、カルボニル基に起因する1700cm-1のピーク強度が低くなった。これは環化三量体の割合が多い事を示している。 From FIG. 3, in Example 5, the peak intensity at 1700 cm −1 due to the carbonyl group was lower than in Comparative Example 2 with the benzene ring at 1496 cm −1 as the internal reference. This indicates that the ratio of cyclized trimer is high.

本発明の硬化性マレイミド樹脂、硬化性樹脂組成物及びその硬化物はリニア構造又は環化三量体構造を含むネットワーク構造を有することから様々なマレイミド樹脂系に対して優れた誘電特性及び耐熱性を有するため、電気電子部品の封止材や回路基板、炭素繊維複合材などに有用な材料である。

The curable maleimide resin, curable resin composition and cured product thereof according to the present invention have a network structure including a linear structure or a cyclized trimer structure, and therefore have excellent dielectric properties and heat resistance for various maleimide resin systems. Therefore, it is a useful material for sealing materials for electric and electronic parts, circuit boards, carbon fiber composite materials, and the like.

Claims (6)

一分子中に少なくとも1個のマレイミド基を有する化合物とアニオン重合開始剤とを反応させてなるリニア構造又はマレイミド環化三量体構造を含有する硬化性マレイミド樹脂。   A curable maleimide resin containing a linear structure or a maleimide cyclized trimer structure obtained by reacting a compound having at least one maleimide group in one molecule with an anionic polymerization initiator. 下記一般式(1)で表されるリニア構造を含有する請求項1に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂。
Figure 2016023195
(式中Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。nは1〜10の整数を表し、0<nの平均値≦10を表す。)
The curable maleimide resin according to claim 1, comprising a linear structure represented by the following general formula (1).
Figure 2016023195
(In the formula, each R 1 independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue. N represents an integer of 1 to 10; <Represents the average value of n ≦ 10.)
下記一般式(2)で表されるマレイミド環化三量体構造を含有する請求項1に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂。
Figure 2016023195
(式中のR〜Rはそれぞれ独立して2価の芳香環を含む有機基及び2価の脂肪族残基よりなる群より選ばれた置換基を表す。)
The curable maleimide resin according to claim 1, comprising a maleimide cyclized trimer structure represented by the following general formula (2).
Figure 2016023195
(Wherein R 2 to R 4 each independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of an organic group containing a divalent aromatic ring and a divalent aliphatic residue.)
請求項1及至請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の硬化性マレイミド樹脂を必須成分とする硬化性樹脂組成物。   A curable resin composition comprising the curable maleimide resin according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as an essential component. 請求項4に記載の硬化性樹脂組成物からなる硬化物。   A cured product comprising the curable resin composition according to claim 4. 一分子中に少なくとも1個のマレイミド基を有する化合物(A)と、一分子内に少なくとも1個以上のエポキシ基を有するエポキシ化合物(B)と、アニオン重合開始剤(C)を反応して得られることを特徴とするマレイミド環化三量体構造の製造方法。

Obtained by reacting compound (A) having at least one maleimide group in one molecule, epoxy compound (B) having at least one epoxy group in one molecule, and an anionic polymerization initiator (C). A process for producing a maleimide cyclized trimer structure.

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WO2017170551A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 日本化薬株式会社 Maleimide resin, curable resin composition and cured product of same
WO2017170844A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 日本化薬株式会社 Thermosetting resin composition, prepreg and cured product thereof
US20210261736A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2021-08-26 Nipponkayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Maleimide resin, curable resin composition, and cured product thereof

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JPH0339311A (en) * 1989-06-29 1991-02-20 Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv Maleimide composition
JPH05310891A (en) * 1992-05-14 1993-11-22 Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd Epoxy resin composition and method for curing the same
JPH107769A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Imide-ring-containing phenol resin, production thereof, and epoxy resin composition containing the same as curative
JPH107770A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Epoxy resin composition and production thereof

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JPH0339311A (en) * 1989-06-29 1991-02-20 Shell Internatl Res Maatschappij Bv Maleimide composition
JPH05310891A (en) * 1992-05-14 1993-11-22 Mitsubishi Petrochem Co Ltd Epoxy resin composition and method for curing the same
JPH107769A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Imide-ring-containing phenol resin, production thereof, and epoxy resin composition containing the same as curative
JPH107770A (en) * 1996-06-27 1998-01-13 Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd Epoxy resin composition and production thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017170551A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2017-10-05 日本化薬株式会社 Maleimide resin, curable resin composition and cured product of same
JPWO2017170551A1 (en) * 2016-03-29 2019-02-07 日本化薬株式会社 Maleimide resin, curable resin composition and cured product thereof
WO2017170844A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2017-10-05 日本化薬株式会社 Thermosetting resin composition, prepreg and cured product thereof
JPWO2017170844A1 (en) * 2016-04-01 2019-02-14 日本化薬株式会社 Thermosetting resin composition, prepreg and cured product thereof
US20210261736A1 (en) * 2018-09-12 2021-08-26 Nipponkayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Maleimide resin, curable resin composition, and cured product thereof
US11958940B2 (en) * 2018-09-12 2024-04-16 Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha Maleimide resin, curable resin composition, and cured product thereof

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