JP2016023002A - Cargo handling amount control device for pneumatic unloader - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a flow rate at which a bulk material is suctioned into a receiver tank approach a rated flow rate, while setting the length of a vertical pipe and a horizontal pipe and an undulation angle of the horizontal pipe at an arbitrary position of a suction nozzle such that suction efficiency of the bulk material is maximized, and thereby reducing overall operation time and saving energy.SOLUTION: A cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader includes: an inverter 17 which controls revolving speed of a motor 5 for driving a vacuum pump 6; a mixture ratio regulating valve 18 which regulates a suction rate of air in a suction nozzle 12; a vertical pipe length sensor 24 which measures a length Lof a vertical pipe 10; a horizontal pipe length sensor 25 which measures a length Lof a horizontal pipe 8; and an undulation angle sensor 26 which measures an undulation angle θof the horizontal pipe 8. In the cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader, a control signal 17a is outputted to the inverter 17 and an aperture regulating signal 18a is outputted to the mixture ratio regulating valve 18 from a controller 19 so that a flow rate approaches a rated flow rate in accordance with drive of the vacuum pump 6, while the L, L, and θare regulated so that a combination pattern maximizes suction efficiency.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader.

  Generally, a pneumatic unloader for sucking up and discharging the bulk material stored in the storage tank of the ship is arranged on the quay of a harbor where a ship loaded with various kinds of bulk materials such as grains comes and goes.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a conventional pneumatic unloader. The pneumatic unloader is provided with a loose object inside a quay 3 of a harbor 2 where a ship 1 equipped with a storage tank 1a for a loose object B is anchored. A receiver tank 4 into which B can be introduced is disposed so as to be freely rotatable by a turning mechanism (not shown), and a vacuum pump 6 such as a Roots blower driven by a motor 5 is provided above the receiver tank 4 with an air suction pipe 7. So that the horizontal tube 8 extends laterally with respect to the receiver tank 4 and can be expanded and contracted by an expansion / contraction mechanism (not shown) in the axial direction thereof. A vertical pipe 10 is connected via a pipe joint 9 and is connected to a distal end side of the horizontal pipe 8 by a telescopic mechanism (not shown) in the axial direction thereof via a bend pipe 11. At the bottom of 10 A suction nozzle 12 that sucks up the rose B stored in the storage tank 1a is provided, and the rose B sucked into the receiver tank 4 from the suction nozzle 12 through the vertical pipe 10 and the horizontal pipe 8 is supplied to the receiver. A dispenser 13 such as a rotary feeder that is carried out to a conveyor or silo (not shown) while keeping the airtightness inside the tank 4 is configured to be attached to the bottom of the receiver tank 4. Incidentally, in the case of a pneumatic unloader of a model equipped with a traveling mechanism (not shown), it can travel in the longitudinal direction of the ship 1 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 8).

  A filter 14 is provided at the upper part in the receiver tank 4 to prevent the loose material B from being sucked into the vacuum pump 6 side.

  Further, an air intake valve 15 is provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 to reduce the suction amount of the rose B by sucking the atmosphere when the rose B is excessively sucked.

  When the bulk B is paid out from the storage tank 1a of the ship 1 anchored in the harbor 2, first, the receiver tank 4 is swung by a swiveling mechanism (not shown) and positioned, and the horizontal pipe 8 is moved in the axial direction thereof. The length of the vertical tube 10 is raised and lowered by an elongating mechanism (not shown) while the length is adjusted by elongating and contracting by an elongating and elongating mechanism (not shown). When the vacuum pump 6 is driven by the motor 5 in a state where the suction nozzle 12 is arranged near the upper surface of the loose object B inside the storage tank 1a of the ship 1, the inside of the receiver tank 4 becomes negative pressure, and the loose object B Is sucked into the receiver tank 4 from the suction nozzle 12 through the vertical pipe 10 and the horizontal pipe 8, and the rose B sucked into the receiver tank 4 is operated by the dispenser 13 such as a rotary feeder. It is carried out to a truck silo or for transport through the conveyor (not shown) while maintaining a more receiver tank 4 inside the airtightness. Incidentally, in the case of a pneumatic unloader of a model equipped with the traveling mechanism, the receiver tank 4 is positioned by traveling by the traveling mechanism and turning by the turning mechanism.

  For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 show general technical levels related to the pneumatic unloader having the structure shown in FIG.

  In the one described in Patent Document 1, the length of the vertical tube 10, the length of the horizontal tube 8, and the undulation angle of the horizontal tube 8 are set so that the suction efficiency of the rose B is maximized at the position of an arbitrary suction nozzle 12. It is set up.

JP-A-6-64758 JP 2011-184126 A

  However, like the one described in Patent Document 1, the length of the vertical tube 10, the length of the horizontal tube 8, and the length of the horizontal tube 8 are set so that the suction efficiency of the rose B is maximized at the position of an arbitrary suction nozzle 12. Even if the undulation angle is set, the frequency of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is kept constant (for example, 60 Hz) as shown in FIG. 9A, and as shown in FIG. 9B. In the region X where the position of the suction nozzle 12 is higher than the reference position, the flow rate at which the loose object B is sucked into the receiver tank 4 exceeds the rated flow rate (for example, 500 [ton / hr]), and the position of the suction nozzle 12 is In the region Y lower than the reference position, the flow rate is equal to or lower than the rated flow rate. Further, in the region Z where the position of the suction nozzle 12 is rough, the flow rate is significantly lower than the rated flow rate.

  In the region X where the position of the suction nozzle 12 is higher than the reference position, the flow rate is decreased to reduce the consumption of driving power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6, while the position of the suction nozzle 12 is higher than the reference position. In the low region Y and the rough region Z, the drive power consumption is slightly increased when the flow rate is made as close as possible to the rated flow rate, but the overall work time is shortened to save energy. The present inventors have found that there is still room for improvement.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, and the undulation angle of the horizontal tube so that the suction efficiency of the loose object is maximized at any suction nozzle position. While trying to provide a pneumatic unloader load control device that can reduce energy consumption by bringing the flow rate at which loose objects are sucked into the receiver tank closer to the rated flow rate and reducing the overall work time. is there.

The present invention is a receiver tank arranged so that a rose can be introduced inside,
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. In a pneumatic unloader load control device for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A longitudinal tube length sensor for measuring the length associated with the expansion and contraction of the longitudinal tube;
A horizontal tube length sensor for measuring the length accompanying expansion and contraction of the horizontal tube;
A undulation angle sensor for measuring the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe;
A data table in which the suction efficiency based on the flow rate at which the loose objects are sucked into the receiver tank is measured in advance in correspondence with the combination pattern of the length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, and the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe. Is stored in advance and during actual operation, the length of the vertical pipe measured by the vertical pipe length sensor, the length of the horizontal pipe measured by the horizontal pipe length sensor, and the horizontal pipe undulation measured by the undulation angle sensor. Calculating the position of the suction nozzle based on the angle, obtaining the expandable range of the vertical tube, the expandable range of the horizontal tube, and the undulating range of the horizontal tube based on the position of the suction nozzle; A combination pattern of the length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, and the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe is selected from the data table, and the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency is selected from the selected combination patterns. Adjusting the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube and the undulation angle of the horizontal tube, and outputting a control signal to the inverter so that the flow rate approaches the rated flow rate by driving the vacuum pump, and The present invention relates to a cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader characterized by comprising a controller that outputs an opening adjustment signal to a mixing ratio adjustment valve.

In the cargo handling amount control device of the pneumatic unloader, the receiver tank is disposed to be able to travel and turn,
A travel position sensor for measuring the travel position of the receiver tank;
A turning angle sensor for measuring a turning angle of the receiver tank,
The controller is
Corresponding to a combination pattern of the assumed length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the turning angle of the receiver tank, the loose article is transferred to the receiver tank. A data table that pre-measures the suction efficiency based on the suctioned flow rate is stored in advance, and the length of the vertical pipe measured by the vertical pipe length sensor and the length of the horizontal pipe measured by the horizontal pipe length sensor during actual operation. The suction angle of the horizontal pipe measured by the undulation angle sensor, the travel position of the receiver tank measured by the travel position sensor, and the swivel angle of the receiver tank measured by the swivel angle sensor. The position of the nozzle is calculated, and based on the position of the suction nozzle, the stretchable range of the vertical tube, the stretchable range of the horizontal tube, the undulating range of the horizontal tube, and the receiver tongue And the receiver tank turning range, and the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, the undulation angle of the horizontal tube, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the receiver tank within each range. A combination pattern with the swivel angle is selected from the data table, and the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, and the undulation of the horizontal tube so that the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency among the selected combination patterns is selected. Adjusting the angle, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the turning angle of the receiver tank, and outputting a control signal to the inverter and adjusting the mixing ratio adjusting valve so that the flow rate approaches the rated flow rate driven by the vacuum pump It is preferable to output an opening adjustment signal to

In the cargo handling amount control device for the pneumatic unloader, the pneumatic unloader includes a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing inside the vertical pipe,
The controller outputs a control signal to the inverter and outputs an opening adjustment signal to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the bulk material measured by the flow sensor becomes a preset target flow rate. Is preferred.

In the pneumatic unloader cargo handling amount control device, a flow rate indicator for displaying the flow rate of the roses measured by the flow rate sensor,
A frequency manual adjuster for operating the frequency of the inverter based on the flow rate of the rose displayed on the flow rate indicator;
It is preferable to include an opening degree manual adjuster for operating the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjusting valve based on the flow rate of the bulk material displayed on the flow rate indicator.

  In the cargo handling amount control device of the pneumatic unloader, the flow rate sensor is a sensor that measures a flow rate of the loose object by projecting a detection wave to the loose object and receiving a reflected wave thereof. It is preferable to provide a vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism that does not receive a reflected wave reflected by the inner surface of the tube.

  In the cargo handling amount control device for the pneumatic unloader, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow rate sensor is not perpendicular to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is not perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe. It is preferable to be configured by being inclined.

  In the cargo handling amount control device for the pneumatic unloader, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow rate sensor is relative to the vertical pipe so that a projection direction of a detection wave of the flow sensor is perpendicular to an axis of the vertical pipe. Preferably, the anti-reflection material is provided on the inner surface of the vertical pipe to prevent reflection of detection waves projected from the flow sensor.

  In the cargo handling amount control device for the pneumatic unloader, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is parallel to the axis of the vertical pipe and faces the flow direction of the loose article. It is preferable that the flow rate sensor is disposed inside the vertical pipe, and the flow rate sensor is covered with a streamline structure made of an insulator that does not obstruct the flow of the bulk material.

  According to the pneumatic unloader load control device of the present invention, the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, and the undulation angle of the horizontal tube are set so that the suction efficiency of the loose object is maximized at any suction nozzle position. However, the flow rate at which the roses are sucked into the receiver tank can be brought close to the rated flow rate, and the overall work time can be shortened to save energy.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the suction nozzle in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. It is a control block diagram in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is the diagram in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention, Comprising: (a) is the diagram which took time on the horizontal axis and took the frequency on the vertical axis, (b) is time on the horizontal axis. Is a diagram in which the flow rate is taken on the vertical axis. It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the 3rd example of installation of the flow sensor in the Example of the cargo handling amount control apparatus of the pneumatic unloader of this invention, Comprising: (a) is a sectional side view, (b) is a plane sectional view. It is a schematic block diagram which shows an example of the conventional pneumatic unloader. It is the diagram in an example of the conventional pneumatic unloader, (a) is a diagram in which time is taken on the horizontal axis and frequency is taken on the vertical axis, (b) is time on the horizontal axis, and flow rate is taken on the vertical axis. FIG.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  1 to 4 show an embodiment of a cargo handling amount control apparatus for a pneumatic unloader according to the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 8 and 9 denote the same components. The configuration is the same as that of the conventional one shown in FIGS.

In this embodiment, an inverter 17 that controls the rotation speed of the motor 5 that drives the vacuum pump 6 and a mixing ratio adjustment valve 18 that adjusts the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle 12 are provided, and the vertical tube 10 can be expanded and contracted. a vertical pipe length sensor 24 for measuring the length L _V with a horizontal pipe length sensor 25 for measuring the length L _H due to expansion and contraction of the transverse tube 8, derricking angle sensor for measuring the relief angle theta _D of the transverse tube 8 26, and each measurement result is input to the controller 19. In the case of pneumatic unloader models equipped with a turning mechanism and the traveling mechanism (not shown), as shown in FIG. 3, the traveling position sensor 40 that measures the traveling position L _T of the receiver tank 4, the receiver tank And a turning angle sensor 41 for measuring the turning angle θ _{S of} 4 is further provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is connected to the upper side surface of the suction nozzle 12 attached to the lower end of the vertical tube 10. Increasing the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 increases the flow rate of the introduced air, so that the density of the sucked bulk material B can be reduced, and the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is increased. If is reduced, the flow rate of the introduced air is reduced, so that the density of the sucked rose B can be increased.

To the controller 19, the derricking angle theta _D of the length L _H and the transverse tube 8 of the length L _V horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 which is assumed, further running position of the receiver tank 4 L A data table 44 in which suction efficiency based on a flow rate Q at which the loose article B is sucked into the receiver tank 4 in advance corresponding to a combination pattern of _T and the turning angle θ _S of the receiver tank 4 is stored in advance. . In actual operation, the length L _V of the vertical pipe 10 measured in the longitudinal tube length sensor 24, the length L _H of the horizontal pipe 8 which is measured in the transverse tube length sensor 25, measured by the derricking angle sensor 26 a derricking angle theta _D of the lateral tubes 8 which is further a running position L _T of the receiver tank 4 which is measured by the traveling position sensor 40, and the turning angle theta _S of the receiver tank 4 which is measured by the turning angle sensor 41 Are input to the controller 19 as current motion sensor position information 42, and the position of the suction nozzle 12 is calculated by the suction nozzle position coordinate calculation unit 43 of the controller 19 based on the current motion sensor position information 42. . Based on the position of the suction nozzle 12, the controller 19 allows the vertical tube 10 to expand and contract, the horizontal tube 8 can expand and contract, the horizontal tube 8 can be raised and lowered, and the receiver tank 4 can travel. And the swivelable range of the receiver tank 4 is obtained. A derricking angle theta _D and the traveling position L _T of the receiver tank 4 of length L _H and the transverse tube 8 of the length L _V horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 in the respective range of the receiver tank 4 A combination pattern with the turning angle θ _S is selected from the data table 44. Of the selected combination patterns, the difference between the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency and the current motion sensor position information 42 is obtained and input to each motion position adjustment calculation unit 45 to obtain each motion operation amount 46. Output to each motion drive device (extension / contraction mechanism of the vertical tube 10 and the horizontal tube 8, a raising / lowering mechanism for raising and lowering the horizontal tube 8, a running mechanism for running the receiver tank 4, and a turning mechanism for turning the receiver tank 4) To do. As a result, the length L _V of the vertical tube 10, the length L _H of the horizontal tube 8, the undulation angle θ _D of the horizontal tube 8, and the travel of the receiver tank 4 so that the suction efficiency becomes the maximum combination pattern. while adjusting the position L _T and turning angle theta _S of the receiver tank 4, so that the flow rate Q approaches the rated flow rate by driving the vacuum pump 6, outputs a control signal 17a from the controller 19 to the inverter 17 In addition, an opening degree adjusting signal 18a is output to the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18.

Incidentally, the expansion / contraction mechanism (not shown) of the vertical tube 10 and the horizontal tube 8 is, for example, a rack-and-pinion linear movement mechanism and is operated by an expansion / contraction motor. For this reason, as the vertical tube length sensor 24 and the horizontal tube length sensor 25, an encoder for detecting the rotation angle of each expansion / contraction motor can be used, and the rotation angle of each expansion / contraction motor is detected by each encoder. by detects the stroke of the respective telescopic mechanism, the length L _V due to the expansion and contraction of the vertical pipe 10, so that it can measure the length L _H due to expansion and contraction of the transverse tube 8 Yes.

A raising / lowering mechanism (not shown) for raising and lowering the horizontal tube 8 is operated by a raising / lowering motor. Therefore, as the undulation angle sensor 26, an encoder that detects the rotation angle of the undulation motor can be used, and by detecting the rotation angle of the undulation motor with the encoder, the undulation angle of the horizontal tube 8 can be used. and it is capable of measuring the theta _D.

Furthermore, a traveling mechanism (not shown) for traveling the receiver tank 4 is operated by a traveling motor. Therefore, as the travel position sensor 40, an encoder that detects the rotation angle of the travel motor can be used, and the travel position of the receiver tank 4 can be detected by detecting the rotation angle of the travel motor using the encoder. thereby making it possible to measure the L _T. A turning mechanism (not shown) for turning the receiver tank 4 is operated by a turning motor. Therefore, as the turning angle sensor 41, an encoder that detects the rotation angle of the turning motor can be used. By detecting the rotation angle of the turning motor by the encoder, the turning angle of the receiver tank 4 can be used. thereby making it possible to measure the θ _S.

  Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described.

In actual operation of the pneumatic unloader, the length L _V of the vertical pipe 10 measured in the longitudinal tube length sensor 24, the length L _H of the horizontal pipe 8, wherein said measured by the horizontal tube length sensor 25, the derricking angle a derricking angle theta _D of the lateral tubes 8 measured by the sensors 26, further wherein the travel and traveling position L _T of the receiver tank 4, which is measured by the position sensor 40, the turning of the turning angle sensor 41 receiver tank 4 which is measured by The angle θ _S is input to the controller 19 as current motion sensor position information 42, and the suction nozzle position coordinate calculation unit 43 of the controller 19 based on the current motion sensor position information 42 determines the suction nozzle 12. The position is calculated. Based on the position of the suction nozzle 12, the controller 19 allows the vertical tube 10 to expand and contract, the horizontal tube 8 can expand and contract, the horizontal tube 8 can be raised and lowered, and the receiver tank 4 can travel. And the swivelable range of the receiver tank 4 is obtained. A derricking angle theta _D and the traveling position L _T of the receiver tank 4 of length L _H and the transverse tube 8 of the length L _V horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 in the respective range of the receiver tank 4 A combination pattern with the turning angle θ _S is selected from the data table 44. Of the selected combination patterns, the difference between the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency and the current motion sensor position information 42 is obtained and input to each motion position adjustment calculation unit 45 to obtain each motion operation amount 46. Motion drive devices (extension and contraction mechanisms of the vertical tube 10 and the horizontal tube 8, a hoisting mechanism for raising and lowering the horizontal tube 8, a running mechanism for running the receiver tank 4, and a turning mechanism for turning the receiver tank 4) Is output. As a result, the length L _V of the vertical tube 10, the length L _H of the horizontal tube 8, the undulation angle θ _D of the horizontal tube 8, and the travel of the receiver tank 4 so that the suction efficiency becomes the maximum combination pattern. while the position L _T and turning angle theta _S of the receiver tank 4 is adjusted so that the flow rate Q approaches the rated flow rate by driving the vacuum pump 6, the control signal 17a is outputted from the controller 19 to the inverter 17 In addition, an opening degree adjusting signal 18 a is output to the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18.

Thus, similar to that described in Patent Document 1, at the position of any of the suction nozzles 12, so that suction efficiency rose product B is the maximum length the length of the L _V and the horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 In addition to setting L _H and the undulation angle θ _D of the horizontal tube 8, the frequency of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is a region X in which the position of the suction nozzle 12 is higher than the reference position, as shown in FIG. The position of the suction nozzle 12 gradually increases until the position of the suction nozzle 12 reaches the rough area Z through the region Y where the position of the suction nozzle 12 is lower than the reference position, and is simply held constant (for example, 60 Hz). Different control is performed. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4B, in the region X and the region Y, the flow rate at which the loose object B is sucked into the receiver tank 4 substantially matches the rated flow rate (for example, 500 [ton / hr]). Furthermore, in the region Z, it is possible to avoid that the flow rate is significantly lower than the rated flow rate.

  As a result, in the region X, it is possible to reduce the consumption of the driving power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 by reducing the flow rate, while in the region Y and the region Z, the flow rate becomes the rated flow rate. Although it approaches, the consumption of the driving power slightly increases, but it is possible to reduce the overall work time and save energy.

Thus, set in the position of any of the suction nozzle 12, the derricking angle theta _D of the length L _H and the horizontal tube 8 of length L _V and the horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 so that the suction efficiency is maximized rose Compound B However, the flow rate at which the rose B is sucked into the receiver tank 4 can be made close to the rated flow rate, and the overall work time can be shortened to save energy.

In the case of a pneumatic unloader in which the receiver tank 4 is fixed in the same manner as that disclosed in Patent Document 1 without the travel mechanism and the turning mechanism, the travel position sensor shown in FIG. omitted and 40 and the turning angle sensor 41, derricking angle of the suction efficiency is the maximum length of the length L _V horizontal pipe 8 of the vertical pipe 10 so as to be combined pattern L _H and the horizontal pipe 8 theta _While adjusting only _D , the controller 19 outputs a control signal 17a to the inverter 17 and adjusts the opening to the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 so that the flow rate Q approaches the rated flow rate by driving the vacuum pump 6. The signal 18a may be output.

Further, although the control is open loop control, a flow rate sensor 16 (see FIG. 3) for measuring the flow rate Q of the loose article B flowing through the vertical pipe 10 is provided and measured by the flow rate sensor 16. The flow rate Q of the loose article B is input to the controller 19, and a control signal 17 a is output from the controller 19 to the inverter 17 so that the flow rate Q becomes a preset target flow rate Q ₀ and the mixing is performed. Feedback control for outputting the opening adjustment signal 18a to the ratio adjustment valve 18 may be combined.

When the feedback control is combined, the controller 19 controls the controller 19 to set the deviation between the target flow rate Q0 and the flow rate Q of the loose article B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 to _zero as shown in FIG. a proportional integral adjuster 20 which outputs a signal 17a to the inverter 17, the target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow opening adjustment signal 18a to the deviation between the flow rate Q and 0 rose product B, which is measured by the sensor 16 Is incorporated into the servo unit 18S of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. In addition, if the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 is decreased to increase the density of the sucked object B, the suction efficiency increases. However, if the density of the rose B is increased too much, the vertical tube 10 is clogged. That is, the motor 5 that drives the vacuum pump 6 while outputting the opening adjustment signal 18a for decreasing the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 from the proportional-integral controller 21 to the servo unit 18S of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. By setting the controller 19 in advance so as to output the control signal 17a to the inverter 17 from the proportional-plus-integral controller 20 so that the number of rotations can be suppressed to a minimum, the vertical pipe 10 is not clogged. while the density of B to the maximum, by reducing the rotational speed of the motor 5, the flow rate Q of the rose was B the target flow rate Q ₀ it is preferable from the viewpoint of energy saving.

  The flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the rose B by microwaves using the Doppler effect. As the flow rate sensor 16, a sensor of a type that measures the flow rate Q of the rose B by ultrasonic waves may be used. Further, since the flow rate Q of the loose object B is obtained by (density ρ × flow velocity v × channel cross-sectional area A), instead of the flow rate sensor 16, a density sensor 22 for measuring the density ρ of the loose object B and It is also possible to provide the flow rate sensor 23 (see FIG. 3) for measuring the flow rate v of the object B in the vertical pipe 10 to obtain the flow rate Q.

  Control when the flow sensor 16 is provided is performed as follows.

During operation of the pneumatic unloader, the flow rate sensor 16 measures the flow rate Q of the loose article B flowing through the inside of the vertical tube 10 and inputs it to the controller 19, which is set in advance from the proportional integral controller 20 of the controller 19. A control signal 17 a for setting the deviation between the target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow rate Q of the loose article B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 to 0 is output to the inverter 17, and the proportional integration of the controller 19 is performed. An opening degree adjustment signal 18 a for setting the deviation between the preset target flow rate Q ₀ and the flow rate Q of the loose object B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 from the adjuster 21 to the mixing ratio adjustment valve 18. It is output to the servo unit 18S. Thus, while the maximum density rose compound B to the extent that does not cause clogging of the vertical pipe 10, by reducing the rotational speed of the motor 5, the target flow rate Q ₀ which has been previously set flow rate Q rose Compound B It becomes possible.

In this case, since it is possible to monitor in real time how much the flow rate Q of the loose material B is being sucked, the suction capacity of the vacuum pump 6 is always set high with a margin. This eliminates the need for extra energy (driving power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6). If the power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is P and the rotational speed of the motor 5 is N,
P∝N ³
Therefore, the density of the loose article B is maximized to such an extent that the vertical pipe 10 is not clogged, and the number of revolutions of the motor 5 is decreased to set the flow rate Q of the loose article B to a preset target flow rate Q _0. This is extremely effective in reducing the power P.

  In the case of excessive suction of the rose B, in the conventional case, the air suction valve 15 provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 is opened, and the amount of suction of the rose B is reduced by sucking the atmosphere. However, in this embodiment, the suction amount of the rose B is reduced by opening the air suction valve 15 provided in the middle of the air suction pipe 7 and sucking the air in the present embodiment. Even if not, the flow rate of the rose B is controlled by controlling the rotational speed of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 by controlling the frequency of the inverter 17 and adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle 12 by adjusting the opening of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18. Since Q can be appropriately maintained, the consumption of the driving power of the motor 5 of the vacuum pump 6 is reduced, and there is no waste.

  That is, if the flow rate sensor 16 is provided to perform feedback control, it is possible to maintain the cargo handling capacity by keeping the flow rate Q constant while avoiding excessive suction of the loose article B, and to reduce energy consumption. It can be planned.

  On the other hand, with a conventional pneumatic unloader, it is impossible to monitor in real time how much of the bulk material B is being sucked. This is performed by controlling the number of revolutions of a dispenser 13 such as a rotary feeder attached to the bottom of the receiver tank 4. However, in order to adjust the cargo handling amount to the rear equipment by controlling the rotational speed of the dispenser 13, it is necessary to manage the remaining amount of the receiver tank 4, which is not efficient.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, in addition to the above-described configuration, a flow rate indicator 27 for displaying the flow rate Q of the loose article B measured by the flow rate sensor 16 and a flow rate indicator 27 as shown in FIG. A frequency manual adjuster 28 for operating the frequency of the inverter 17 based on the displayed flow rate Q of the rose B, and the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 based on the flow rate Q of the rose B displayed on the flow rate indicator 27. The opening degree manual adjuster 29 for operating the opening degree can be provided.

  The flow rate indicator 27 is installed at a place where an operator can visually check, such as a pneumatic unloader cab, an outdoor display panel, and a ground monitoring room.

  The frequency manual adjuster 28 and the opening manual adjuster 29 are installed at locations where the operator can operate while looking at the display of the flow rate indicator 27. For example, a knob or the like that can adjust the operation amount by rotating is used. be able to.

  In addition, when the density sensor 22 and the flow velocity sensor 23 are provided, the density indicator 30 that displays the density ρ of the rose B measured by the density sensor 22 and the rose B measured by the flow velocity sensor 23. A flow rate indicator 31 may be provided for displaying the flow velocity v.

  When the flow rate indicator 27, the frequency manual adjuster 28, and the opening degree manual adjuster 29 are provided, the operator always looks at the flow rate Q of the rose B displayed on the flow rate indicator 27 during operation. In addition to operating the frequency of the inverter 17 with the frequency manual adjuster 28, the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjusting valve 18 can be operated with the opening degree manual controller 29 to adjust the excess or deficiency of the cargo handling amount.

  As a result, it is possible to monitor in real time how much of the rose B is being sucked in, so that intermittent cargo handling is performed, or a dispenser such as a rotary feeder attached to the bottom of the receiver tank 4 is used. Even if the rotational speed control of 13 is not performed, the amount of cargo handling to the rear equipment such as a conveyor can be adjusted, and the remaining amount management of the receiver tank 4 becomes unnecessary, so that efficient cargo handling can be performed.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a first example of installation of the flow sensor 16 in the embodiment of the cargo handling amount control apparatus for a pneumatic unloader of the present invention. The flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the rose B by projecting a detection wave (microwave or ultrasonic wave) on the rose B and receiving the reflected wave. A vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 that does not receive a reflected wave reflected by the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 is provided. In the first example shown in FIG. 5, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 is configured so that the flow sensor 16 is not connected to the vertical line of the vertical pipe 10 so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor 16 is not perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe 10. 10 to be inclined.

  If the flow rate sensor 16 is arranged with respect to the vertical tube 10 so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow rate sensor 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical tube 10, the reflected wave reflected from the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 flows. It is received by the sensor 16, and the possibility of erroneous detection is increased, and there is a concern that the measurement accuracy may be reduced. However, as shown in FIG. 5, when the flow rate sensor 16 is inclined with respect to the vertical tube 10 to constitute the vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-reception mechanism 32, it strikes and reflects the rose B that circulates inside the vertical tube 10. Since only the reflected wave is received by the flow sensor 16 and the reflected wave reflected by the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 is not received by the flow sensor 16, erroneous detection is avoided, and the flow rate Q of the loose object B by the flow sensor 16 is accurately measured. It becomes possible to do.

  FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a second example of the installation of the flow sensor 16 in the embodiment of the cargo handling amount control device of the pneumatic unloader of the present invention. In the second example shown in FIG. 6, the vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 is configured so that the flow sensor 16 is connected to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor 16 is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe 10. The anti-reflection material 33 is disposed on the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 to prevent reflection of the detection wave projected from the flow rate sensor 16. The antireflection material 33 is a conductive wave absorbing material that absorbs current generated by radio waves due to resistance inside the material, or dielectric loss caused by molecular polarization reaction, and carbon powder is made of rubber, urethane foam, foam A dielectric wave absorbing material in which an apparent dielectric loss is increased by mixing with a dielectric material such as polystyrene can be used. The antireflection material 33 has a surface covered with a protective material 34 such as glass or ceramics.

  The flow rate sensor 16 is disposed on the vertical tube 10 so that the detection wave projection direction is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical tube 10, but as shown in FIG. When the vertical tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 is configured by providing 33, the detection wave projected from the flow rate sensor 16 is not reflected on the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 by the antireflection material 33, and the inside of the vertical tube 10 is not reflected. Since only the reflected wave that hits and reflects the circulating rose B is received by the flow sensor 16, erroneous detection is avoided, and the flow Q of the rose B by the flow sensor 16 can be accurately measured.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third example of the installation of the flow sensor in the embodiment of the pneumatic unloader cargo handling amount control apparatus of the present invention, where (a) is a side cross-sectional view and (b) is a flat cross-sectional view. is there. In the third example shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, the longitudinal tube inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 32 has a detection wave projection direction of the flow sensor 16 parallel to the axis of the longitudinal tube 10. In addition, the flow sensor 16 is disposed inside the vertical pipe 10 so as to face the flow direction of the loose article B, and the flow sensor 16 is a streamline structure 35 made of an insulator that does not obstruct the flow of the loose article B. It is configured by being covered. In this case, the flow rate sensor 16 is a sensor that measures the flow rate Q of the loose object B by projecting a microwave as a detection wave to the loose object B and receiving the reflected wave. The streamlined structure 35 is attached to a support member 36 that projects from the inner surface of the vertical tube 10 to the center.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the flow sensor 16 is disposed inside the vertical tube 10 so that the detection wave projection direction is parallel to the axis of the vertical tube 10 and faces the flow direction of the rose B. Therefore, the detection wave projected from the flow sensor 16 is not reflected by the inner surface of the vertical tube 10, and only the reflected wave reflected by the rose B flowing through the vertical tube 10 is received by the flow sensor 16. Thus, erroneous detection can be avoided, and the flow rate Q of the loose object B by the flow rate sensor 16 can be accurately measured. Moreover, since the flow rate sensor 16 is covered with the streamlined structure 35, there is no fear of obstructing the flow of the rose B, and the streamlined structure 35 is an insulator. It is easy to pass the detection wave (microwave) to be projected, and there is no worry that the measurement of the flow rate Q of the rose B will be hindered.

  The cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Storage tank 4 Receiver tank 5 Motor 6 Vacuum pump 7 Air suction pipe 8 Horizontal pipe 10 Vertical pipe 12 Suction nozzle 13 Dispenser 16 Flow rate sensor 17 Inverter 17a Control signal 18 Mixing ratio adjustment valve 18a Opening adjustment signal 19 Controller 24 Vertical pipe length Sensor 25 Horizontal pipe length sensor 26 Relief angle sensor 27 Flow rate indicator 28 Frequency manual adjuster 29 Opening manual adjuster 32 Vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism 33 Antireflection material 35 Streamline structure 40 Traveling position sensor 41 Turning angle sensor 42 Current motion sensor position information 43 Suction nozzle position coordinate calculation unit 44 Data table 45 Each motion position adjustment calculation unit 46 Each motion operation amount B Individual object Q Flow rate Q ₀ Target flow rate L _V Vertical tube length L _H handed travel position theta _S receiver tank derricking angle L _T receiver tank length theta _D horizontal tube Angle

Claims (8)

A receiver tank arranged so that roses can be introduced inside;
A vacuum pump connected to the receiver tank via an air suction pipe and having a negative pressure inside the receiver tank;
A horizontal pipe connected undulatingly so as to project laterally with respect to the receiver tank;
A vertical pipe connected to hang down from the distal end side of the horizontal pipe;
A suction nozzle that is provided at the lower end of the vertical pipe and sucks up roses stored in the storage tank;
A dispenser that carries out the bulk material sucked into the receiver tank from the suction nozzle through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe while maintaining the airtightness inside the receiver tank, and is provided inside the storage tank. In a pneumatic unloader load control device for sucking up and discharging stored roses,
An inverter for controlling the number of rotations of a motor for driving the vacuum pump;
A mixing ratio adjusting valve for adjusting the amount of air sucked in the suction nozzle;
A longitudinal tube length sensor for measuring the length associated with the expansion and contraction of the longitudinal tube;
A horizontal tube length sensor for measuring the length accompanying expansion and contraction of the horizontal tube;
A undulation angle sensor for measuring the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe;
A data table in which the suction efficiency based on the flow rate at which the loose objects are sucked into the receiver tank is measured in advance in correspondence with the combination pattern of the length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, and the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe. Is stored in advance and during actual operation, the length of the vertical pipe measured by the vertical pipe length sensor, the length of the horizontal pipe measured by the horizontal pipe length sensor, and the horizontal pipe undulation measured by the undulation angle sensor. Calculating the position of the suction nozzle based on the angle, obtaining the expandable range of the vertical tube, the expandable range of the horizontal tube, and the undulating range of the horizontal tube based on the position of the suction nozzle; A combination pattern of the length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, and the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe is selected from the data table, and the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency is selected from the selected combination patterns. Adjusting the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube and the undulation angle of the horizontal tube, and outputting a control signal to the inverter so that the flow rate approaches the rated flow rate by driving the vacuum pump, and And a controller for outputting an opening degree adjustment signal to the mixing ratio adjustment valve. The receiver tank is disposed so as to be able to run and turn,
A travel position sensor for measuring the travel position of the receiver tank;
A turning angle sensor for measuring a turning angle of the receiver tank,
The controller is
Corresponding to a combination pattern of the assumed length of the vertical pipe, the length of the horizontal pipe, the undulation angle of the horizontal pipe, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the turning angle of the receiver tank, the loose article is transferred to the receiver tank. A data table that pre-measures the suction efficiency based on the suctioned flow rate is stored in advance, and the length of the vertical pipe measured by the vertical pipe length sensor and the length of the horizontal pipe measured by the horizontal pipe length sensor during actual operation. The suction angle of the horizontal pipe measured by the undulation angle sensor, the travel position of the receiver tank measured by the travel position sensor, and the swivel angle of the receiver tank measured by the swivel angle sensor. The position of the nozzle is calculated, and based on the position of the suction nozzle, the stretchable range of the vertical tube, the stretchable range of the horizontal tube, the undulating range of the horizontal tube, and the receiver tongue And the receiver tank turning range, and the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, the undulation angle of the horizontal tube, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the receiver tank within each range. A combination pattern with the swivel angle is selected from the data table, and the length of the vertical tube, the length of the horizontal tube, and the undulation of the horizontal tube so that the combination pattern having the maximum suction efficiency among the selected combination patterns is selected. Adjusting the angle, the travel position of the receiver tank, and the turning angle of the receiver tank, and outputting a control signal to the inverter and adjusting the mixing ratio adjusting valve so that the flow rate approaches the rated flow rate driven by the vacuum pump 2. The pneumatic unloader load control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an opening adjustment signal is output to the pneumatic unloader. Comprising a flow sensor for measuring the flow rate of loose objects flowing through the inside of the vertical pipe,
The controller outputs a control signal to the inverter and outputs an opening adjustment signal to the mixing ratio adjustment valve so that the flow rate of the loose material measured by the flow rate sensor becomes a preset target flow rate. Item 3. The cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader according to Item 1 or 2. A flow rate indicator for displaying the flow rate of the rose measured by the flow rate sensor;
A frequency manual adjuster for operating the frequency of the inverter based on the flow rate of the rose displayed on the flow rate indicator;
A pneumatic manual adjustment device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: an opening degree manual controller for operating the opening degree of the mixing ratio adjustment valve based on the flow rate of the bulk material displayed on the flow rate indicator. Unloader load control device.   The flow rate sensor is a sensor that measures the flow rate of the loose object by projecting a detection wave on the loose object and receiving the reflected wave, and does not receive the reflected wave reflected by the inner surface of the vertical pipe. The cargo handling amount control device for a pneumatic unloader according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism.   The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured by the flow sensor being inclined with respect to the vertical pipe so that a projection direction of a detection wave of the flow sensor is not perpendicular to an axis of the vertical pipe. The pneumatic unloader cargo handling amount control device according to claim 5.   The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-receiving mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged with respect to the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is perpendicular to the axis of the vertical pipe, 6. The pneumatic unloader load control device according to claim 5, wherein the load control device is provided with an antireflection material that prevents reflection of a detection wave projected from the flow sensor.   The vertical pipe inner surface reflected wave non-reception mechanism is configured such that the flow sensor is arranged inside the vertical pipe so that the detection direction of the detection wave of the flow sensor is parallel to the axis of the vertical pipe and faces the flow direction of the roses. The pneumatic unloader load control apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the load sensor is configured to be covered with a streamlined structure made of an insulator that does not obstruct the flow of the loose article.

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