JP2016018530A - Fire alarm - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make an alarm sound generated by a fire alarm have high sound pressure allowing a senior person to easily hear.SOLUTION: A fire alarm includes: a fire detection part 10 which detects occurrence of a fire factor; and an alarm sound output part 30 which outputs an alarm sound when the fire detection part 10 detects occurrence of a fire factor. The alarm sound output part 30 includes a plurality of speakers 31 and 32 which separately output alarm sounds with different frequency bands to output the alarm sound with high sound pressure allowing a senior person to easily hear.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fire alarm that issues a warning by detecting a fire factor.

  When a fire alarm detects a fire factor such as heat or smoke above a certain level, a fire alarm is emitted from a speaker to notify a resident or the like of the occurrence of a fire (see, for example, Patent Document 1). There is no standard for the frequency of the alarm sound output from the speaker, but for the sound pressure, Article 3 No. 10 of “Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards for Residential Disaster Prevention Alarms and Residential Disaster Prevention Notification Facilities” It is necessary to exceed the standard value determined by

JP 2008-242732 A

  However, in order to obtain a sound pressure higher than the reference value, it is necessary to raise the frequency of the alarm sound to some extent. Generally, an elderly person has a high frequency sound (for example, a sound having a frequency of 1 [kHz] or more). Since it is difficult to hear, there is a risk of missing the alarm sound.

  The present invention has been considered in view of such problems, and it is an object of the present invention to make it easy for elderly people to hear high-pressure sound with respect to an alarm issued by a fire alarm.

The present invention relates to a fire alarm that detects a fire factor and issues an alarm, and includes a fire detection unit that detects the occurrence of a fire factor, and an alarm sound that outputs an alarm sound when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire factor. And an alarm sound output unit including a plurality of speakers each outputting an alarm sound having a different frequency band.
The plurality of speakers may be installed in different places.

Since the fire alarm device according to the present invention includes a plurality of speakers that output alarm sounds having different frequency bands, a high-frequency alarm sound is output from at least one speaker to maintain a sound pressure of a predetermined value or more. On the other hand, it is possible to output a low-frequency alarm sound that can be easily heard by the elderly from another speaker. By using a combination of multiple speakers, an alarm that is easily heard by the elderly can be output at a high sound pressure. can do.
Also, if a plurality of speakers are installed in different places, there is no need to mount a plurality of speakers in one housing, so there is no limitation on the size of the speakers and an increase in the size of the housing is prevented. Can do. Moreover, about one speaker, it becomes possible to install in the place where an alarm sound is easy to hear.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the 1st example of a fire alarm. The state transition diagram which shows operation | movement of the 1st example of a fire alarm. The block diagram which shows the structure of the 2nd example of a fire alarm.

1 First example of a fire alarm The fire alarm 1 shown in FIG. 1 is installed on the ceiling of a general house, and is connected to the fire detection unit 10 for detecting the occurrence of a fire factor and the fire detection unit 10 to fire. A control unit 20 that performs processing according to information from the detection unit 10, and an alarm sound output unit 30 that outputs an alarm sound in response to an instruction from the control unit 20 when the fire detection unit 10 detects the occurrence of a fire factor And a battery voltage detector 40 that detects the voltage of the battery serving as the power source of the fire alarm device 1 and an alarm stop unit 50 that stops the output of the alarm sound by the alarm sound output unit 30. In addition, the fire alarm device 1 includes a push button for instructing each of the above parts to start or stop the operation, a lamp for displaying a status, and the like.

The fire detection unit 10 includes, for example, a smoke sensor that detects smoke concentration. This smoke sensor includes a light emitting unit and a light receiving unit. As the light emitting unit, for example, an LED that emits light in the infrared region can be used, and for example, a photodiode is used as the light receiving unit. Can do. The light receiving unit converts the intensity of scattered light from the smoke particles into an electrical signal. The fire detection unit 10 amplifies the electrical signal converted by the light receiving unit, and detects whether or not the current value exceeds a predetermined value, that is, whether or not the smoke concentration exceeds a predetermined value. The detection result is notified to the control unit 20.
In addition, the fire detection part 10 is good also as a structure which has a temperature sensor which judges that the fire factor generate | occur | produced when the heat | fever more than predetermined temperature is detected.

  The alarm sound output unit 30 includes a first speaker 31 and a second speaker 32 that output alarm sounds having different frequency bands. The 1st speaker 31 is a speaker which outputs the sound of a high frequency area | region (for example, 1 [kHz] or more), for example, the diameter is formed in about 28 mm. On the other hand, the second speaker 32 is a speaker that outputs sound in a low frequency region (for example, less than 1 [kHz]), and is a speaker having a larger diameter than the first speaker 31. The alarm sound output unit 30 may be configured to include three or more speakers that output sounds having different frequency bands.

  The battery voltage detection unit 40 monitors the voltage of the battery serving as a power source for operating the entire fire alarm device 1 and, when detecting that the voltage has fallen below a predetermined value, notifies the control unit 20 of that fact. To do. When the control unit 20 receives notification from the battery voltage detection unit 40 that the voltage has fallen below the predetermined value, the control unit 20 sounds an alarm from the alarm sound output unit 30 or blinks the lamp to display an alarm. . As the battery, for example, a lithium battery is used.

  The alarm stop unit 50 is configured by, for example, a push button, and instructs the control unit 20 to stop sounding the alarm sound in the alarm output unit 30 by pressing the push button.

  The control unit 20 determines whether or not a fire has occurred based on information from the fire detection unit 10, and instructs the alarm sound output unit 30 to output an alarm sound when determining that a fire has occurred. Further, the control unit 20 determines whether or not the battery voltage is appropriate based on information from the battery voltage detection unit 40, and performs processing such as outputting an alarm if the voltage value is not appropriate.

The control unit 20 includes a CPU, a memory, and the like, and has a function for generating an alarm sound, and can generate sounds having various frequencies. The alarm sound can also include a synthesized voice such as “A fire has occurred.” Further, the alarm sound is not limited to a continuous sound, but can be an intermittent sound that repeats on and off.
The control unit 20 can control the light emission timing of the LEDs provided in the fire detection unit 20, thereby adjusting the time interval for fire determination.

  Below, operation | movement of the fire alarm device 1 is demonstrated along the state transition diagram shown in FIG.

(1) Battery connection S1
First, a battery is connected to the fire alarm 1. If it does so, a power supply will be supplied to the fire detection part 10, the control part 20, the alarm sound output part 30, the battery voltage detection part 40, and the alarm stop part 50, and each will be in the state which can operate | move.

(2) Initialization state S2
After the battery connection S1 is performed, the process proceeds to the initialization state S2. In the initialization state S2, the battery voltage detection unit 40 first measures the battery voltage in the no-load state and notifies the control unit 20 of the value. When the battery voltage is less than the predetermined value, the control unit 20 instructs the alarm sound output unit 30 to output an alarm sound indicating that the battery is dead. In addition, a battery voltage load test for applying an electrical load to the battery is also performed. When the voltage is less than a predetermined value, the control unit 20 instructs the alarm sound output unit 30 to output an alarm sound indicating that the battery is dead.

(3) Normal monitoring state S3
When it is confirmed that there is no abnormality in the battery in the battery connection, the process proceeds to the normal monitoring state S3. First, the battery voltage is measured with no load, and when the measured value is less than the predetermined value, the process proceeds to the battery voltage drop alarm state S5. The measurement of the battery voltage with no load is performed, for example, every 8 hours. Processing in the battery voltage drop alarm state S5 will be described later.

  If the measured value of the battery voltage is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, the fire detection unit 10 is then made to measure the smoke concentration at predetermined time intervals (for example, every 8 seconds). The control unit 20 causes the light emitting unit of the fire detection unit 10 to emit light at predetermined time intervals (for example, at intervals of 8 seconds), and measures the smoke density at each interval. When the smoke density is equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the control unit measures the smoke density at a time interval shorter than the predetermined interval (for example, every second), and the smoke density is continuously measured a plurality of times (for example, three times). When the value is exceeded, it is determined that a fire has occurred, and the process shifts to a fire alarm state S7. On the other hand, when all the measured values do not exceed the reference value in the plurality of measurements, it is not determined as a fire and the measurement returns to the measurement at the predetermined interval. In such a fire determination, temperature measurement is performed, and temperature correction is performed on the smoke density measurement value. The processing in the fire alarm state S7 will be described later.

(4) Function test state S4
In the normal monitoring state S3, when the push button provided in the fire alarm device 1 is pressed, the function test state S4 is entered. While the push button is being pressed, a pseudo fire alarm is output from the alarm sound output unit 30 according to an instruction from the control unit 20. In addition, the fact that it is a fire is displayed in a pseudo manner by lighting or blinking the lamp. Further, similarly to the normal monitoring state S3, fire determination by measuring smoke concentration and battery voltage drop determination by measuring battery voltage with and without load are also performed. As a result of the determination, if it is determined that there is a fire, the process proceeds to a fire alarm state S7 described later. On the other hand, when it is determined that the battery voltage is decreasing, the process proceeds to a battery voltage decrease alarm state S5 described later.
When the push button is released, the function test state S4 is terminated and the process returns to the normal monitoring state S3.

(5) Battery voltage drop alarm state S5
If the battery voltage measurement in the normal monitoring state S3 or the function test state S4 determines that the battery voltage is lower than a predetermined value, the alarm sound output unit 30 is instructed by the control unit 20 in the battery voltage drop alarm state S5. Sounds a warning sound to that effect. The alarm sound here may be a synthesized voice such as “Battery exhausted”. In parallel with the output of the alarm sound, an alarm display such as turning on or blinking the lamp is performed.

(6) Battery voltage drop stop state S6
After a warning that the voltage is below the predetermined value is issued in the battery voltage drop alarm state S5, when a person who knows this presses the push button, the alarm stop unit 50, under the instruction from the control unit 20, The alarm output by the output unit 30 is stopped. Then, until a predetermined time (for example, 16 hours) elapses after the push button is pressed, smoke concentration measurement and fire determination are performed as in the normal monitoring state S3, and the original function as the fire alarm 1 is maintained during this time. To do.
When a predetermined time (for example, 16 hours) elapses after the push button is pressed, the battery voltage drop alarm state S5 is restored. When the battery voltage is restored to a normal value during the predetermined time, for example, this is recognized in the battery voltage measurement in the battery voltage drop alarm state S5, and the process returns to the normal monitoring state S3.

(7) Fire alarm status S7
If it is determined that a fire has occurred in any of the normal monitoring state S3, the function test state S4, the battery voltage drop alarm state S5, or the battery voltage drop stop state S6, the control unit 20 generates an alarm sound indicating that a fire has occurred. Generate and output to the alarm sound output unit 30.
The control unit 20 separates the generated sound into a high frequency band signal and a low frequency band signal, for example, by a bandpass filter provided therein, and outputs the high frequency band signal to the first speaker 31. Is output to the second speaker 32. In the alarm sound output unit 30, for example, a sound having a frequency of 1 [kHz] or more is output from the first speaker 31, and a sound having a frequency less than 1 [kHz] is output from the second speaker 32. The high-frequency alarm sound and the low-frequency alarm sound are output simultaneously from the respective speakers. Synthetic speech such as “It is a fire” can be used as an alarm sound. The alarm sound output here is different from the alarm sound indicating battery exhaustion. For example, when the alarm sound indicating battery exhaustion is a continuous sound, the alarm sound indicating fire is an intermittent sound. Also, even if intermittent sounds are used both when the battery runs out and when a fire breaks out, it is possible to identify them by making a difference in the ringing cycle or by combining them with synthesized speech .
Note that the control unit 20 causes the lamp to blink in parallel with causing the alarm sound output unit 30 to output an alarm sound.

  The control unit 20 does not separate the generated sounds, but separately generates a high-frequency alarm sound and a low-frequency alarm sound, and generates the generated alarm sounds for the first speaker 31 and the second speaker. 32 may be output separately. Also in this case, an alarm sound is simultaneously output from the first speaker 31 and the second speaker 32.

  The alarm sound in the high frequency band output from the first speaker 31 is difficult to hear for the elderly and may be missed. However, the alarm sound in the low frequency band output from the second speaker 32 is easily heard by elderly people. Accordingly, it is possible to reliably notify the elderly of the occurrence of a fire.

  In general, since low-frequency sound has low sound pressure, only low-frequency alarm sounds are defined by the above-mentioned “Ministerial Ordinance for Establishing Technical Standards for Residential Disaster Prevention Alarms and Residential Disaster Prevention Notification Equipment”. Although it is difficult to clear the condition of the sound pressure (70 dB or more), the alarm sound output unit 30 outputs a high-frequency alarm sound simultaneously with the low-frequency alarm sound. Can be easily cleared.

  In the fire alarm state S7, smoke concentration measurement and fire determination are performed as in the normal monitoring state. And when smoke density falls below predetermined value, the output of an alarm sound from the alarm sound output part 30 is stopped, and it returns to normal monitoring state S3.

(8) Fire stop state S8
When the push button is pressed in the fire alarm state S7, the state shifts to the fire stop state S8. In the fire stop state S8, the output of the alarm sound from the alarm sound output unit 30 is stopped under the control of the control unit 20, but the alarm display indicating the fire is continued.

  When a predetermined time (for example, 300 seconds) elapses after the push button is pressed, the process returns to the fire alarm state S7. And if it determines with a fire in the fire determination in fire alarm state S7, the alarm sound output part 30 will sound an alarm sound again. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is no fire, the process returns to the normal monitoring state S3.

2 Second Example of Fire Alarm The fire alarm 1a shown in FIG. 3 is different from the fire shown in FIG. 1 in that the second speaker 32a constituting the alarm sound output unit 30a is located away from the first speaker 31a. It is different from the alarm device 1. Corresponding to this, it is also different in that a transmission unit 60 that transmits an alarm sound signal and a reception unit 70 that receives the signal are provided. The other structure is the same as that of the fire alarm 1 of FIG.

  In such a configuration, the fire detection unit 10, the control unit 20, the first speaker 31a, the battery voltage detection unit 40, and the alarm stop unit 50 are housed in one casing and installed on the ceiling, and the second speaker 32a and the reception unit. 70 is housed in a separate housing and installed in a place other than the ceiling. Examples of installation locations other than the ceiling include walls, floors, and furniture placed on the floor.

  The state transition in the fire alarm 1a is the same as that of the fire alarm 1 in FIG. 1, but the control unit 20 outputs a low-frequency alarm sound to the transmission unit 60. The transmission unit 60 sends the signal to the reception unit 70 at a remote location. Between the transmission unit 60 and the reception unit 70, a wired connection or a wireless connection may be used.

  In such a configuration, it is not necessary to mount the first speaker 31a and the second speaker 32a in one housing, so that the size of the speaker is not limited and the housing can be prevented from being enlarged. In general, a speaker with a large aperture is required for the output in the low frequency band. By making this a separate speaker, it is possible to prevent an increase in the size of the case of the fire alarm installed on the ceiling. Further, since the second speaker 32a can be installed in a place where an alarm sound can be easily heard, the possibility of missing a fire alarm sound is further reduced. Note that the installation position of the first speaker 31a and the installation position of the second speaker 32a can be interchanged.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1a: Fire alarm device 10: Fire detection part 20: Control part 30: Alarm sound output part 31, 31a: 1st speaker 32, 32a: 2nd speaker 40: Battery voltage detection part 50: Alarm stop part 60: Transmission Part 70: Receiver

Claims (2)

A fire alarm that detects a fire factor and issues an alarm,
A fire detector that detects the occurrence of a fire factor;
An alarm sound output unit that outputs an alarm sound when the fire detection unit detects the occurrence of a fire factor;
With
The alarm sound output unit is a fire alarm device including a plurality of speakers that output alarm sounds having different frequency bands. The fire alarm according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of speakers are installed in different places.

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