JP2016018017A - Mold plate for production of detachable fret for stringed instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a mold plate for production of a detachable fret for a stringed instrument, in which, when a plastic material on which plastic deformation remains, for a thin sheet of a component of a detachable fret, is selected, for producing a detachable fret for a stringed instrument which is used for a performance auxiliary tool of a stringed instrument, the detachable fret can be simply produced.SOLUTION: A mold plate 11 for production of a detachable fret for a stringed instrument, is configured so that; a wooden plate 12 whose size is equal to that of a fingerboard of the stringed instrument serves as a substrate, a fret formed of braille-shaped drops of the detachable fret is transferred and molded to the thin sheet being the component of the detachable fret, a round nail 14 is embedded on a position corresponding to a finger position on the fingerboard of the stringed instrument of the plate material of the substrate through a sleeve 15 for round nail having inner diameter slightly larger than trunk diameter of the round nail 14, and the position corresponding to the finger position of the fingerboard is calculated by a computer program based on a shape and dimension around strings of the stringed instrument, according to a physical law.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

  The present invention provides a detachable fret for a stringed instrument that can be easily attached and detached any number of times by attaching a thin fretboard processed with frets on a fingerboard of a stringed instrument without frets when playing a stringed instrument. Is related to a template for making.

  Stringed instruments such as violins and violas have a smooth, fretless fingerboard. These fretless stringed instruments do not have a mark on the fingerboard that can perceive the exact finger position (finger position for pressing a string such as a violin on the fingerboard) to produce the desired pitch required for performance. . For this reason, in order for the performer to press the string with the fingertip at the correct fingerboard position at the desired pitch, it is necessary to perform considerable practice.

  Therefore, as one measure for reducing the problem described in paragraph 2, when the inventor of the present patent application plays a stringed instrument with Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-008630 “Removable frets for stringed instruments” For stringed instruments with a function that does not interfere with vibrato performance, which allows a fingerboard with a thin sheet processed with frets with a braille appearance to be attached to and removed from the fingerboard easily and repeatedly. A detachable fret is proposed.

  As another measure for reducing the problem described in Paragraph 2, the inventor of the present patent application described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-004736 “Fingerboard scales for stringed instruments” on the fingerboard of a stringed instrument having no frets. In the pitch range of 1 octave from the open string, the finger position is displayed on a print medium such as paper with the difference cent value by the average tempered tuner for each string of each melody and each string. We have proposed a fingerboard scale for stringed instruments that can be used for performance assistance.

  The detachable frets for stringed instruments described in paragraph 3 are considered to have various methods for processing the frets composed of the braille-like appearance, but in any case, the detachable frets for stringed instruments are supplied on a commercial basis. In this case, it is conceivable that the detachable frets are supplied with the greatest common divisor dimension and string length of the stringed musical instrument to be used, limited temperament and main tone, and the like. In such a case, some of the owners of stringed musical instruments who are consumers, such as detachable frets that match the dimensions and string length of their own stringed instruments that were not supplied on a commercial basis, or other temperament and main tone, etc. It is conceivable to obtain information on the detachable frets supplied or information on the self-made means of the detachable frets.

The present invention provides a detachable fret for a stringed instrument that can be easily created when a plastic material that remains plastically deformed is selected as a constituent material of the detachable fret for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument. The problems to be solved in order to make the template for making are as follows.
(1) The material for the template for preparation must be available at home centers and handicraft shops.
(2) Tools for processing detachable frets using the template for production must be available at home centers and handicraft shops.
(3) A method for creating a program capable of calculating the embedding position of a round-headed nail that can be transferred and molded with a fret formed as a protrusion on the surface of the template for creation and composed of a braille appearance of a detachable fret for a stringed instrument Explain.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

  First of all, the musical scales of music acoustics, the physics of string vibrations, and the violin fingers derived by the inventors of this patent application, which are the preconditions for solving the problem of paragraph 6 (3), are as follows. A mathematical expression indicating the ratio between the frequency that is generated when a string is pressed and struck at a certain position on the board and the frequency that is generated when the string is struck with an open string will be described.

Next, in order to solve the problem in paragraph 6 (3), taking the violin of the stringed instrument as an example, the finger position of the scale of each temperament on the fingerboard (the position where the string of the violin is pressed on the fingerboard) is calculated. In order to do this, the inventor of this patent application also devised a method for measuring the shape and dimensions of the violin strings around the strings, and a program for calculating the finger position of the scale of each temperament on the fingerboard A procedure for creating a program for calculating an interval measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to the position on the fingerboard when pressed down, and a method for calculating a string distortion will be described.
After this, the shape of the template for creating a detachable fret for a stringed musical instrument according to the present invention, which is for a violin, will be described.

First, the scale of each temperament of music acoustics will be described.
The scale of 12 equal temperament is the scale of Table 1 in which 12 sounds of 1 octave are equal to one-twelfth power of 2: 1 (= 1.059) between adjacent sounds (semitones). is there.

The Pythagorean scale is a scale composed of seven notes created based on a pitch (completely 5 degrees) having a 3: 2 frequency ratio relationship. As a performance aid, a semitone is put into this scale so that one octave becomes twelve notes, and one octave becomes twelve notes.

The scale of pure temperament uses only genuine pitches whose frequency ratio is a simple integer ratio, and defines 12 sounds as pure pitches from the main tone. The scale of one octave is shown in Table 3.

As for the finger position of the scale on the violin fingerboard, the frequency ratio of two adjacent sounds is constant in the scale of 12 equal temperaments, so there are 12 main sounds (c, t, d, i,. , F, B, B, ...) will not change the distance from the top piece to the finger position where the string is pressed on the fingerboard.
However, in the Pythagorean and purely tempered scales, even if each of the EADG strings and the 12 main sounds (c, t, d, i, ..., f, strange, strange, ...) change, they are adjacent 2 Since the frequency ratio of the sound changes, it is necessary to calculate by temperament or main tone for each string of EADG.
For example, when the main tone is D, the frequency ratio of 12 tones of 1 octave from the open string when the frequency of the open string of each string of EDDG of each temperament is 1 is as shown in Table 4.
As for the other main tones, the international standard altitude is determined with octave 4 (A) of 440 Hz, so the pitch of the open string of string A is the main tone of the Pythagorean temperament or pure temperament (ha, to, ni, i , ..., f, strange, weird ...) The numbers in Table 4 can be changed so that they are in the proper order within the 12 octaves of one octave.

_{ν:弦の固有振動数、ι：弦の長さ、Ｔ：張力、・/SUB>：弦の線密度}
また弦の固有振動数νを、弦の断面積S、ヤング率E、歪みεで書き直すと弦の固有振動数νは次のように表される。

Next, as for the physics of string vibration, if the string natural frequency ν is the string length ι, tension T, and string linear density · / SUB>, the natural frequency ν of the string is It is expressed in

_{ν: String natural frequency, ι: String length, T: Tension, / SUB>: String linear density}
When the natural frequency ν of the string is rewritten with the cross-sectional area S, Young's modulus E, and strain ε of the string, the natural frequency ν of the string is expressed as follows.

ｆ_０：開放弦をその弦の正しい音高で調弦したときに発音する周波数
ｆ_１：指板上のある位置で弦を押さえ、擦弦したときに発音する周波数
ι_０：開放弦の状態の上駒から駒までの弦の長さ
ι_１：周波数ｆ_１で弦を押さえたとき、上駒から指板上のその位置までの弦の長さ
ι_２：周波数ｆ_１で弦を押さえたとき、指板上のその位置から駒までの弦の長さ
開放弦をその弦の正しい音高で調弦したときのその弦の歪み
Therefore, the ratio between the frequency that is generated when a string is pressed and struck at a certain position on the violin fingerboard and the frequency that is generated when the string is struck with an open string is expressed by the following equation from Equation 2. Can be derived.

f ₀ : frequency that is generated when an open string is tuned with the correct pitch of the string f ₁ : frequency that is generated when the string is pressed and rubbed at a certain position on the fingerboard ι ₀ : state of the open string The length of the string from the top piece to the piece ι ₁ : When the string is pressed at the frequency f ₁ , the length of the string from the upper piece to the position on the fingerboard ι ₂ : The string is pressed at the frequency f ₁ When a string is released from its position on the fingerboard to the piece, the string is distorted when the string is tuned with the correct pitch of the string.

Next, when playing the violin, calculate the interval measured on the fingerboard from the top piece to the finger position when pressing the string at the finger position of the correct pitch based on the scale of each temperament of each temperament. In order to do this, a method for measuring the shape and dimensions of a violin string invented by the inventor of the present patent application, and a program for calculating the finger position on the fingerboard of the violin also invented by the inventor of the present patent application ( A program that calculates the distance measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed on the fingerboard at the correct pitch. An outline of a method for calculating the required string distortion will be described.
The distance measured on the fingerboard from the top of the finger position on the fingerboard to the position when the string is pressed at the correct pitch in a violin performance is determined by pressing and holding the string at a certain position on the fingerboard of the violin. The ratio of the frequency that is generated when a string is struck and the frequency that is generated when the string is struck with an open string is calculated from the physics formula of the vibration of the string in paragraph No. 13, and the string length, string tension, and string. Expressed as a function of three variables consisting of
To explain this in more detail, this function is the shape and dimensions of a quadrilateral consisting of the strings around the string, the upper piece, the fingerboard (including the extension extending from the end of the fingerboard piece to the piece), and the four sides of the piece, If the string on the violin is a single string, its diameter and elastic modulus (Young's modulus); if it is a core-wound string, its core diameter and elastic modulus (Young's modulus); Can be represented by a function of variables such as length, string cross-sectional area, string distortion, string linear density, and the like.
However, numerical values such as the core diameter of the chord and its elastic modulus (Young's modulus) required for calculating the change in the stress of the violin string (pressing the string against the fingerboard with your finger) are manufactured on the website. It is not released from the party side. However, from the violin user's side, the change in string stress when the violin string is pressed with a finger can be understood as a change in string distortion.
Therefore, when the function expressing this frequency ratio is expanded, as explained in paragraph No. 14, this function is pressed with a finger linked to the shape and dimensions of a quadrilateral consisting of the four sides of the string, upper piece, fingerboard, and piece around the string. It can be expressed as a function of the change in the length of the string and the variable of the string distortion in the open string.
After all, from the formula of physics of string vibration, Hooke's law, Pythagorean theorem, trigonometric function, etc., when the string is pressed on the fingerboard at a certain pitch from the open string, the finger from the upper piece of the finger position The distance measured on the fingerboard to that position on the board is a function of variables such as the shape and dimensions of the quadrilateral consisting of the four sides of the string, upper piece, fingerboard, and piece around the string, and distortion of the string on the open string. Can be created in a computer program, and the interval measured on the fingerboard can be calculated.
The distortion value of the open string necessary to create this program is measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to the position on the fingerboard when the string is rubbed in each violin. By using the computer program expressed above, it can be easily calculated by matching the interval and the instruction of the string instrument tuner of the string frequency to be generated at that time.
That is, even if the core diameter and elastic modulus (Young's modulus) values of the violin strings are not available, 12 main tones, 12 Pythagorean temperament and pure temperament (12) (B, strange, ...) The program that calculates the finger position of another scale measures the shape and dimensions around the strings of individual violins, and creates a computer program that incorporates these measurements. A computer that calculates the distance from the upper piece of the finger position on the fingerboard to that position for each violin by calculating the string distortion on the string using a tuner for stringed instruments and this computerized computer program Can be completed as a program.

従って、１２平均律の音階で例示すると、Ｇ弦のＧ＃の音高の指板上の指位置χでは、Ｇ＃の周波数とＧ弦の開放弦の周波数との比が２の１２分の１乗：１（＝１．０５９）なので、次の等式が成り立つ。

Next, how to measure the shape and dimensions of the violin strings, and f ₁ / f ₀ (the frequency that is generated when a string is pressed and rubbed at a certain position on the fingerboard (The ratio of the frequency that is generated when the string is struck with an open string) and (the distance measured on the fingerboard from the top piece to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed at frequency f ₁ ) Describe the relationship.
When the violin is viewed from the side, the shape of the strings, upper pieces, fingerboards and pieces around the strings is schematically shown in FIG.
The actual dimensions of the violin string shown in FIG. 1 include an appropriately sized scale, vernier caliper and micrometer, and an appropriate thin bundle of paper, such as a sticky note (between the string and the fingerboard). Can be used to measure the actual size of the violin strings owned by the individual.
The measurement of the dimensions of the quadrilateral around this string is the easiest to measure with the G string. This is because the G string is located at the end of the fingerboard and the space between the string and the fingerboard is the most open among the EADG4 strings.
Since the violin is a stringed instrument without frets, it is possible to freely create a pitch from an open string at any position on the fingerboard. In the schematic diagram of Fig. 1, if Pythagoras' theorem and trigonometric functions are applied appropriately and triangles are stacked, f ₁ / f _{0 in equation (} 3) can be obtained from the finger of the violin at any frequency ratio on the fingerboard. It can be expressed as Equation 4 as a function of χ on the plate.

Therefore, for example, in the scale of 12 equal temperament, the ratio of the frequency of G # to the frequency of the open string of the G string is 12 minutes of 2 at the finger position χ on the fingerboard of the G # pitch of the G string. Since the first power is 1 (= 1.059), the following equation holds.

Next, a program that calculates the finger position on the fingerboard of the violin (measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed on the fingerboard at the correct pitch. A program for calculating the interval is described.
Select an appropriate programming language that runs on a personal computer. If the scale is 12 equal temperament, the procedure shown in the flowchart of FIG. 2 is used. If the scale is Pythagoras and Pure Tone, the calculation procedure is shown in the flowchart of FIG. Create a program.
In the case of the flow chart of the Pythagorean temperament and the pure temperament of FIG. 3, the violin range is said to be 4 octaves from the open string of the G string, so there are twelve main sounds (ha, t, ni, i,. In addition, it is necessary to make a table of frequency ratios for 27 semitones from the open strings of each string in the form of Table 4 for each main tone of each temperament. The range from the open string of the G string to the 27th semitone of the E string is exactly 4 octaves.
Here, in the flowcharts for calculating the finger position of each temperament in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the flow chart symbol for the preparation of “initial value of finger position” is a string (ι _{2) when} χ on the violin fingerboard starts from zero. ₎ Becomes longer than the string (ι ₀ ), and the loop processing stops without matching the fact, indicating that it is necessary to set an appropriate value between zero and semitone.

Finally, it is a calculation of the string distortion value of the individual violin used by the performer.
Since the G string is the easiest to calculate, select several appropriate pitches of the 12 string temperament of the G string. The length on the fingerboard from the upper frame is marked in 1 mm increments by a width of 6 mm or 7 mm on the fingerboard at the point immediately below the G string that produces the pitches of the several points. A string is struck at each position marked in units of 1 mm, and the deflection of the pointer is read with a chromatic tuner of 12 equal temperament. In this way, the distance measured on the fingerboard from the top piece to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed on the fingerboard with the correct pitch is selected on the fingerboard. Between 6mm and 7mm before and after, the chromatic tuner will always change the needle's deflection from minus to plus, so the distance measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of this selected pitch to that position on the fingerboard. Can be estimated.
Of course, if the pitch of this selected scale is the correct pitch and the string is pressed on the fingerboard, the reason for measuring the distance measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece to that position on the fingerboard at once is possible. However, this method has a large error.
On the other hand, the shape and dimensions of the violin around the string are measured by the method described in paragraph No. 16, and the value of the string distortion ε ₀ of the computer program created by the method of paragraph No. 17 using the numerical value is appropriately changed. For each of the selected appropriate pitches, the interval from the top piece to the position on the fingerboard estimated by the above method and the pitch on the fingerboard reproduced by the computer program are calculated. Ε ₀ with the calculated value corresponding to the finger position is obtained. If the average value of ε ₀ obtained for every several points of the pitch is obtained, this value can be used as the calculated value of the distortion of the G string of the violin.
Of course, the string distortion of the violin seems to be different for each string of EADG, and even if it is a factory-produced violin, since the violin is made of wood, which is a natural boon, for example, from the top piece to the piece Even if the string length is the same, the finger position of the correct pitch of each EADG string on the fingerboard (the position where the string of the violin is pressed on the fingerboard) is strictly considered as one and there is no same violin It is done.
However, the thickness of the performer's fingers varies from person to person, and even with the same pitch finger position, the finger of the index finger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger, and how strong the string is Even if you play the same pitch, depending on how you hold it, it is not the same point that the center part of each fingertip with the flesh presses the string against the fingerboard from above.
Therefore, even if the quadrilateral shape with four sides of the string, upper piece, fingerboard, and piece is slightly different for each violin, and even if the distortion of the strings of the four string EADG is slightly different, the fingerboard Even if the surface of the guitar is not a perfect cylindrical surface and there are a few shackles, if the string length is the same, the distortion of the string can be represented by the G string, and it can be used practically on any violin. It is expected to make a detachable performance aid for a violin equipped with

Here, by measuring the shape and dimensions around the string with a single existing violin and calculating the finger position based on paragraph number 17, the distortion of the G string of this violin is calculated using a chromatic tuner. Then, using these measured and calculated values, this computer program displays the calculation results for one octave from the open string for the twelve equal temperament, Pythagorean temperament, and pure temperament of the violin. As shown in FIG.
The calculation result of this finger position is correct by using a commercially available tuner with 12 semitones of 1 octave in 12 equal temperament, and 7 notes of Doremi Fasolashi in Pythagoras and Pure temperament. If you rub it, it is impossible with a precision of 1mm comma, but you can easily inspect it.

Here, based on the calculation example of the finger position (distance from the upper piece to that position) of the main note D in Table 5, the finger position of the parallel minor scale is also shown in Pythagoras and Pure Tone, and the violin in FIG. A conceptual diagram of the finger scale finger position scale table of three temperament was made for the finger position of each string of EADG as the actual size in the longitudinal direction of the finger board.
The finger position in the calculation is the point where the string and the surface of the fingerboard are in contact with each other, but is indicated by the appropriate size ● for easy understanding.
The spacing from the open string along the ● string is shown in actual dimensions, but the spacing of each EADG string is shown here so that it can be easily understood and compared with 12 equal temperament, Pythagoras temperament and pure temperament. In order to display three temperaments simultaneously, it is enlarged from the actual size.
In Fig. 4, the open string of the E string in the parallel minor scale of the pure temperament is indicated by a circle, which means that the interval between the strings AE is a Pythagorean regular pitch ratio of 2: 3 (completely 5 degrees). Because there is no.
As can be seen in FIG. 4, since the international standard altitude is defined as 440 Hz for octave 4 (A), the 12 equal temperament, Pythagoras temperament, and pure temperament all have the same frequency, but the octave 4 la ( A) For pitches of the same rank other than equivalent, the frequency ratio of the finger position changes when the vibration frequency of the open string of La (A) in octave 4 is 1, if the temperament is different.
Further, a different fingerboard scale finger position map is created for each of the 12 main sounds of Pythagorean temperament and pure temperament (c, t, d, i,..., F, strange, weird, ...).
In this way, although the violin is said to be a musical instrument with a tonality of ditone, in order to perform with the twelve equal temperament, Pythagoras temperament, pure temperament, etc., a sharp pitch discriminating power that distinguishes musical sounds is required. It will be. If you play it differently, even if there is a reason that the open strings resonate more strongly in the order of 12 equal temperament, Pythagorean temperament, and pure temperament, it can be imagined that it is a difficult technique.

From here, the form which made the example for the violin of the template for creation of the detachable fret for stringed instruments of this invention is demonstrated.
This template is made from a wooden board with a large fingerboard, and a round nail is embedded in a position corresponding to the finger position on the violin fingerboard (the position where the string is pressed onto the fingerboard by the finger). Transfer the detachable fret as an auxiliary tool with a braille-shaped appearance to the thin plastic sheet of this material when plastic with a material that remains plastically deformed is selected as the component of the detachable fret. Since it is a template that functions as a fixed side template to be molded, the materials and tools of (1) and (2) described in paragraph No. 6 use the materials and tools of (1) and (2) below. In addition, for the problem (3), a computer program was created based on paragraph number 17, and the distortion of the violin G string was measured by the method of paragraph number 18, using the violin used as an example in paragraph number 19 , 4 octaves from open string It shows an example of the range of the calculation result.
A material for solving the problem of (1).
1. DIY wood board (a board that embeds a round head nail. Uses a hard board to prevent the round head nail from sinking into the board due to repeated pressurization during transfer molding)
2. Round head nails (The shape of the round head is a crush of the braille appearance that forms the fret, and serves as a fixed side template that is transferred to a thin sheet that is a component of the removable fret.)
3. Round head nail sleeve (Inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the body of the round head nail, through a hard material sleeve with a thickness of about 1 mm, embedded in the board. The sleeve functions as a round head nail perpendicular to the board. (Repetition of striking and pressing force during transfer molding prevents the round head nails from sinking into the embedded substrate)
4). DIY wooden square bars (used when splitting a fret made up of a braille-like appearance on five rows of wooden square bars without integrating them on the wooden board of the board. )

A tool for solving the problem of (2).
Scale (equivalent to JIS class 1), saw, precision small cone, precision pin vise, hammer, wood mallet, file for woodwork, woodworking adhesive,

An example of the calculation result of the position which embeds the round head nail of the subject of (3).
Table 6 shows an example of the calculation result of the positions where the round head nails are embedded in the range of 4 octaves from the open string of the G string of each of the rhythms of the main sound.

Using the material of paragraph No. 21, using the calculation result of Table 6, make a template for creating a removable fret for a violin with a range of 4 octaves from the open string of the G string when the temperament is 12 equal temperament The perspective view is as shown in FIG.
Wood board material with large fingerboard (for example, width x thickness x length, 60 mm x 15 mm x 300 mm) Figure 12 in Figure 5 is a small round head nail 14 in figure 5 (eg head diameter x head thickness) Sleeve x figure of hard material with a wall thickness of about 1 mm with an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the body of the round head nail (length x neck diameter x length, 1.2 mm x 0.6 mm x 1.0 mm x 10 mm) Passing round head nails to 15 of 5 and depending on the length of the violin, 5 rows x 27 round head nails are embedded if the range is 4 octaves from the open string so that each string of EADG 4 strings is sandwiched Arrangement.
When the temperament is Pythagorean temperament or pure temperament, the number of the outer two rows of 5 rows is 27, which is the same as the 12 average temperament, but the inner three rows are as shown in Table 6. There are more than 27 according to each temperament.
In the three round head nails inside the Pythagorean temperament and the pure temperament, if two round head nails are required at one semitone position with a pitch apart from the open string, and the interval is narrow, the nail position is It is necessary to slightly shift the side of the sleeve with a wood file so that the nails do not interfere with each other so that the nails do not interfere with each other, or the round head nail sleeves do not interfere with each other. Even with this kind of work, the violin strings are spaced apart from each other as the pitch from the open string increases, and the distance between the strings and the surface of the fingerboard is further increased. The function as a tool is not impaired.
The finger position on the fingerboard of the violin (the position where the string is pressed on the fingerboard with the finger) is about 1 cent when it is shifted by 0.1 mm before and after 1 octave, and about 2 cents when it is shifted by 0.1 mm before and after 2 octaves. Care must be taken when marking the position where the round head nail is to be embedded, and by embedding the round head nail through the sleeve vertically into the wood board.
In addition, 16 of the upper frame reference line mark 5 is attached as a mark at the time of transfer molding on a thin sheet which is a constituent material of the detachable fret.
A template for producing a detachable fret for a violin of the present invention having the above-described structure 11 in FIG. 5 is called a fret integrated type.
The range of the range from the open string that embeds the circular nail row is selected appropriately according to the level and purpose of the violin practitioner (for example, 1 octave, 2 octaves, G to 4 octaves of the open string). What is necessary is just to make the template for fret creation.

Next, it is the work of creating a detachable fret for a violin. When making a detachable fret using this template for creating a detachable fret for a violin, a polypropylene material with plastic deformation remaining as a constituent material of the detachable fret is used. It is necessary to select a plastic material such as this, place a thin sheet of this plastic material on this template, and place a tube of appropriate hardness about the diameter of the head of the round head nail on the sheet. When pressed onto the head of a round head nail and tapped with a mallet or the like, a fret composed of a braille-like appearance is transferred onto a thin sheet.
The sheet on which the frets are transferred and molded is cut into the simplified form 17 in FIG. 6 or the standard form 18 in FIG. 6 and then folded in a mountain fold or valley. A simple or standard detachable fret is completed.
The inventor of the present patent application describes how to make the detachable frets for violin in FIG. 6 in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-008630 “Removable Frets for Stringed Instruments”.

Even if the template for creating the removable fret for paragraph No. 24 is made using a single violin as a model, the shape and dimensions of the violin spool box, neck, and fingerboard are subtly dependent on the violin creator. Expected to be different.
Thus, the spacing between strings EADG may differ slightly or clearly depending on the violin, and the arrangement of the three rows inside the braille appearance of the removable fret is the center between strings for a single violin model. Results in not being located.
The function of the detachable fret as a performance aid can be maintained with a slight deviation from the center between the strings, but the arrangement of the three rows inside the braille appearance of the detachable fret is basically the center between the strings. Must be placed in.

Therefore, as a countermeasure for paragraph 26, the arrangement of the round head nails of the template for creation is integrated with the board material of the board so that the arrangement of the three rows inside the braille-like appearance of the removable frets can be arranged in the center between the strings. Rather than fixing the board to the string EADG, divide the round head nail row into 21 in FIG. 7 by cutting the plate material 20 of FIG. 7 and having one more than the number of strings of the stringed instrument. A template for making a detachable fret for a violin that can flexibly accommodate the interval is also required. This conceptual diagram is shown in FIG. 7, and a template for producing a detachable fret for violin of the present invention having this configuration is called a fret division type.
Each of the five round head nails of G, GD, DA, AE, and E in Table 6 is made of a single elongated rectangular parallelepiped wood, regardless of the temperament such as 12 equal temperament, Pythagorean temperament, pure temperament, etc. Square bar 21 is embedded in FIG. 7 (for example, width × thickness × length, 6 mm × 15 mm × 270 mm).
Equivalent to the total area of the top surface of a wooden rod of 5 rows of elongated rectangular parallelepipeds from a wooden plate material (for example, width x thickness x length, 60 mm x 15 mm x 300 mm) as a substrate (upper side) × bottom × height 30 mm × 45 mm × 270 mm) is cut out in the form of a trapezoid. It is necessary to finely adjust an elongated rectangular parallelepiped wooden square bar to an appropriate width with a file for woodworking so that it can flexibly correspond to the interval between the strings EADG. In addition, it is necessary to fix five rows of nail rows to the interval of the target violin string EADG, and then fix the substrate and the five rows of elongated rectangular parallelepiped wooden rods by an appropriate method.

In addition, the template for making the removable fret for the violin in paragraph No. 24 is made using one violin as a model, and the distance between the strings EADG of other violins is the same as the model violin, and the removable type Even if the arrangement of the three rows inside the braille-like appearance of the frets can be arranged at the center between the strings, the following problems may occur with the standard detachable frets.
The shape of the left hand with the violin neck is like putting the neck between the thumb and forefinger, and the palm is slightly oriented from the face to the violin neck. It is necessary to devise the shape of the sheet of the fixing portion to which the upper piece side surface fastener is pressure-bonded so that the fixing portion to which the surface fastener on the upper piece side of the type fret is pressed does not hit the thumb and forefinger as much as possible.
However, the shape and dimensions of the fingerboard and vertical cross section around the upper piece of the violin neck are assumed to differ slightly depending on the creator of each violin, so a standard detachable model with a single violin as a model Even if the fret is made, the shape of the sheet of the fixing portion to which the hook fastener on the upper piece side is crimped may hit the left thumb or index finger to some extent with other violins, which may be inappropriate.

  For other stringed instruments such as viola, cello, etc., including the fractional string instruments, if the material shown in paragraph number 21 that matches the shape and dimensions of the string instrument can be procured, the paragraph numbers based on the tuning of the string instrument 24. A template for creating a detachable fret for the stringed musical instrument described in paragraph No. 27 can be created.

(1) The violin template of the stencil for detachable frets for stringed musical instruments according to the present invention is a simple method for violin of the means for creating "string detachable frets" (Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-008630). It is to provide.
When detachable frets for violins are supplied on a commercial basis, detachable frets are supplied with the greatest common divisor dimensions and string length of the stringed instrument violin to be used, limited temperament and main tone, etc. In such a case, some of the owners of violins who are consumers, such as removable frets that match the dimensions and string length of their own violins that were not supplied on a commercial basis, It is conceivable to obtain information on detachable frets supplied with different temperament and main tone, or information on the self-made means of the detachable frets.
The violin template of the stencil for detachable frets for the stringed musical instrument of the present invention must be selected from plastic materials that remain plastically deformed as a thin sheet component for creating the detachable frets. If you can procure materials for construction templates (wood boards, round head nails, round head nails, wooden square bars, etc.) that fit the shape and dimensions of the violin, including fractional violins, It is a method of creating a detachable fret for violin that can easily deal with the dimensions and string length, temperament and main sound of the violin, so it can handle various violin dimensions and string lengths, temperament, main sound, etc. The detachable fret for violin is expected as one method that can be supplied on a commercial basis.

(2) For other stringed instruments such as a viola, cello, etc. of the template for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument of the present invention, including a fractional size stringed instrument, a creating mold adapted to the shape and dimensions of the stringed instrument If you can procure the material of the board (wood board, round head nail, round head nail sleeve, wood square bar, etc.), you can create a template for creating a detachable fret for the string instrument based on the tuning of the string instrument. Because it can be created, using this template for creation, detachable frets for string instruments, including fractional string instruments of other stringed instruments such as violas, cellos, etc., are expected as one way to supply on a commercial basis it can.

It is a schematic diagram of the side of the shape around the string of the violin of the present invention. It is a calculation flowchart figure of the finger position on the fingerboard of 12 equal temperament of the violin of this invention. It is a calculation flowchart figure of the finger position on the finger board of the Pythagorean rule and the pure rule of the violin of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the fingerboard finger position musical scale for the violin of the present invention. It is a perspective view (12 equal temperament) of the template for preparation of the detachable fret for violin of the present invention (fret integrated type). It is a development view (12 equal temperament, a simplified type and a standard type) of a detachable fret for a violin. It is a conceptual diagram of the template (fret division | segmentation type | mold) for creation of the detachable fret for violin of this invention.

Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.
A template for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument of the present invention,
(1) In order to create a detachable fret as a performance aid, when a plastic with a material that remains plastically deformed is selected as the component of the detachable fret, it is composed of a thin sheet of plastic with a braille-like appearance. This is a template that serves as a fixed-side template that uses a wooden board material of the size of the fingerboard of a stringed instrument as a substrate.
(2) The fingerboard of the stringed instrument The board of the large board, and the body of the rounded nail in the position corresponding to the finger position on the fingerboard of the stringed instrument (the position where the string is pressed onto the fingerboard with the finger) Embedded through a round head nail sleeve with an inner diameter slightly larger than the diameter,
(3) A program for calculating a finger position in which a position where a circular nail corresponding to a finger position on a fingerboard of a stringed instrument is embedded is derived from its shape, size, etc. according to the type of stringed instrument (correct A program that calculates the distance measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed on the fingerboard at the pitch. calculate.
It has a structure like this.

Next, an embodiment for carrying out a template for producing a detachable fret for violin (integrated fret, described by paragraph number 24), taking a violin as an example, will be described.
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 5, the stencil for creating a detachable fret for a violin has a fingerboard size (width × thickness × length, 60 mm × 14 mm × 300 mm), for example, lawan, cedar, pine tree 5 is a small round head nail 14 in FIG. 5 (thickness x length, 1.2 mm x 10 mm, material is brass or stainless steel), and is slightly larger than the body diameter of the round head nail. A sleeve made of a hard material with a thickness of about 1 mm in diameter, as a substitute for 15 in FIG. 5, using a round-shaped bead of an appropriate size of plastic material for handicrafts, depending on the string length of the violin Thus, if the sound range is 4 octaves from the open string so that each string of EADG 4 strings is sandwiched, 5 rows × 27 round head nails are embedded.
When the violin string length is 329 mm and the string distortion is 0.0121, the calculation result of Table 6 can be used as it is. It is calculated by a program for calculating the finger position created based on the above.
When the temperament is Pythagorean temperament or pure temperament, if the range is 4 octaves from the open string, the number of 2 rows outside the 5 rows is 27, which is the same as the 12 average temperament. As shown in Table 6, the three columns are more than 27 according to their temperament.
In the three round head nails inside the Pythagorean temperament and the pure temperament, if two round head nails are needed at one semitone position at a pitch apart from the open string, and the gap between them is narrow, the nails It is necessary to slightly shift the nail position parallel to the upper piece so as not to interfere with each other, or to slightly scrape the side surface of the beads with a wood file so that beads of the substitute for the round head nail sleeve do not interfere with each other. Even with this kind of work, the violin strings are spaced apart from each other as the pitch from the open string increases, and the distance between the strings and the surface of the fingerboard is further increased. The function as a tool is not impaired.
In addition, 16 of the upper frame reference line mark 5 is attached as a mark at the time of transfer molding on a thin sheet which is a constituent material of the detachable fret.
The template for creating a removable fret for a violin has the above structure.

When making a removable fret using the template for creating a removable fret for violin, it is necessary to select a plastic material such as polypropylene that remains plastically deformed as the component of the removable fret. Place a thin sheet of plastic on this template and press a tube of appropriate hardness about the diameter of the head of the round nail onto the head of the round nail from above the sheet. If you tap it lightly, a fret composed of a braille-like appearance will be transferred and molded on a thin sheet.
The thin plastic sheet is a removable fret sheet that is inserted between the string and the fingerboard as a performance aid when the violin E string vibrates in the vicinity of the upper piece on the fingerboard. It is necessary to ensure a minimum opening between the surface of the string and the sheet so that the chatter noise generated when the surface of the string contacts the E string is less than 0.2 mm.
The sheet on which the frets are transferred and molded is cut into the simplified form 17 in FIG. 6 or the standard form 18 in FIG. 6 and then folded in a mountain fold or valley. A simple or standard detachable fret is completed.
The inventor of the present patent application describes how to make the detachable frets for violin in FIG. 6 in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-008630 “Removable Frets for Stringed Instruments”.

1 string (ι ₀ )
2 strings (ι ₁ )
3 strings (ι ₂ )
4 finger position (χ)
5 fingerboard 6 upper piece 7 piece 8 12 equal tempered fingerboard scale finger position (E, A, D, G strings)
9 Pythagorean scale fingerboard scale finger position (E, A, D, G strings)
10 Pure tempered fingerboard scale finger position (E, A, D, G strings)
11 Template for creating removable fret for violin (integrated fret, 12 equal temperament)
12 Wood plate 13 Round head nail embedding position 14 Round head nail 15 Round head nail sleeve 16 Upper frame reference mark 17 Simplified development of detachable fret for violin (12 equal temperament, scale)
18 Development of standard type of removable fret for violin (12 equal temperament, scale)
19 Braille-shaped frets 20 Die-cut part 21 of plate material Wooden square bar embedded with round headed nails

Claims (2)

    A stencil (11) for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument that serves as a fixed side stencil for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument as a performance aid, and is a woody plate material of the fingerboard size of the stringed instrument (12) is used as a substrate to transfer and mold a fret composed of the crushed braille appearance of the detachable fret of the stringed instrument onto a thin sheet that is a constituent material of the detachable fret. In the position (13) corresponding to the position, the round head nails (14) are embedded through the round head nails sleeve (15) having an inner diameter slightly larger than the body diameter of the round head nails. The position corresponding to the finger position of the stringed instrument, which is fixed integrally with the plate material, is the physics of string vibration, the law of hooks, the shape and dimensions of a quadrilateral consisting of the four sides of the stringed instrument string, upper piece, fingerboard, piece Finger position, characterized by being derived from Calculated from a program (a program that calculates the distance measured on the fingerboard from the upper piece of the finger position to that position on the fingerboard when the string is pressed on the fingerboard at the correct pitch) A template for creating removable frets for stringed instruments. Rather than fixing the array of round head nails as a single unit to the board material of the substrate of the template for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument according to claim 1, the board material is die-cut (20) and the number of strings of the stringed instrument is determined. A template for creating a detachable fret for a stringed instrument, characterized in that a round headed nail row is divided into a large number of wooden square bars (21).

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