JP2016017685A - Water-cooled heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water-cooled heat exchanger capable of determining consumption of a sacrificial anode from the external of a casing with a simple structure having a small number of components.SOLUTION: A wall portion (40) of a casing (11) of a water-cooled heat exchanger (10) is provided with one or a plurality of through holes (50) for making the external of the casing (11) communicate with water chambers (S2, S3). A sacrificial anode (30) is directly fixed to the wall portion (40) in the water chambers (S2, S3). Before corrosion of the sacrificial anode (30), openings (50A) at the water chamber (S2, S3) side of the through holes (50) are closed by the sacrificial anode (30), and after advance of the corrosion of the sacrificial anode (30), water in the water chambers (S2, S3) enters the through holes (50) and reaches outer openings (50B) of the through holes (50).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a water-cooled heat exchanger.

  Conventionally, water-cooled shell-and-tube heat exchangers have been used in ship air conditioners and the like. In a water-cooled heat exchanger installed in a ship, seawater is often introduced and used as a heat exchange medium. Therefore, there is a possibility that the metal inside the heat exchanger is corroded by seawater. Therefore, in such a water-cooled heat exchanger, a sacrificial anode is provided inside, and the sacrificial anode is first oxidized to prevent corrosion of the internal metal (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  However, in the water-cooled heat exchanger disclosed in Patent Document 1, the user needs to remove a part of the casing (for example, a lid that covers the sacrificial anode) to check the degree of corrosion (consumption level) of the sacrificial anode.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a marine anti-corrosion bolt alarm device. This alarm device includes a corrosion prevention bolt and an alarm controller. The anti-corrosion bolt is installed on the cover of the marine condenser. The anticorrosion bolt includes a joint nut, a joint, a partition bolt, and an anticorrosion block. The anticorrosion block, the bolt, the joint, and the joint nut are provided with first, second, third, and fourth leakage holes that are connected to each other. The fourth leak hole is connected to the water pressure controller, and the water pressure controller is connected to the alarm controller. In the alarm device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the alarm controller detects corrosion of the anticorrosion block, and can alert the user to replace the anticorrosion bolt at an appropriate time.

JP 2010-243100 A Chinese Patent Application No. 102032652

  However, in the alarm device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the anticorrosion block of the anticorrosion bolt is fixed to the lid of the casing via the partition bolt of the anticorrosion bolt. Specifically, the partition bolt is attached to an opening provided in the lid of the casing, the anticorrosion block is attached to the inside of the partition bolt, and the joint nut and the joint of the anticorrosion bolt are attached to the outside of the partition bolt. . As described above, the alarm device of Patent Document 2 requires a partition bolt, a joint nut, and a joint in addition to the anticorrosion block, so that the structure becomes complicated and the number of parts increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a water-cooled heat exchanger that can determine from the outside of a casing that a sacrificial anode is consumed with a simple structure having a small number of parts.

  In the water-cooled heat exchanger of the present invention, the casing (11) in which the refrigerant chamber (S1) and the water chambers (S2, S3) are partitioned and the water in the water chamber (S2, S3) are in contact with each other. It is a heat exchanger provided with the provided sacrificial anode (30). The wall (40) of the casing (11) is provided with one or a plurality of through holes (50) for communicating between the outside of the casing (11) and the water chamber (S2, S3). Yes. The sacrificial anode (30) is directly fixed to the wall (40) in the water chamber (S2, S3). Before the sacrificial anode (30) is corroded, the opening (50A) on the side of the water chamber (S2, S3) in the through hole (50) is closed by the sacrificial anode (30). After the corrosion of the anode (30) proceeds, the water in the water chamber (S2, S3) enters the through hole (50) and reaches the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50). It is configured.

  In this configuration, the opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50) provided in the wall (40) of the casing (11) is blocked by the sacrificial anode (30) before corrosion. On the other hand, after the corrosion of the sacrificial anode (30) proceeds, the water in the water chamber (S2, S3) enters the through hole (50) and the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50). ). Thus, the casing (11) indicates that the sacrificial anode (30) has been consumed by grasping the water reaching the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50) by means such as visual inspection by the user and detection by a sensor. Can be determined from outside. In addition, in this configuration, the sacrificial anode (30) is directly fixed to the wall (40) in the water chamber (S2, S3), so that the number of parts is increased as in the alarm device of Patent Document 2, for example. There is nothing. Therefore, in this configuration, it is possible to determine from the outside of the casing (11) that the sacrificial anode (30) is consumed with a simple structure having a small number of parts.

  The water-cooled heat exchanger is interposed between the wall (40) and the sacrificial anode (30), and the opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50). ) Is preferably provided with a packing (61) surrounding the periphery. In this configuration, since the periphery of the opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50) is surrounded by the packing (61), for example, before the corrosion of the sacrificial anode (30) proceeds. In addition, the water in the water chambers (S2, S3) can be prevented from entering between the wall portion (40) and the sacrificial anode (30) and entering the through hole (50).

  In the water-cooled heat exchanger, it is preferable that grooves (31, 44) in which the packing (61) is disposed are formed in at least one of the wall portion (40) and the sacrificial anode (30). . In this configuration, since the packing (61) is disposed in the groove (31, 44) formed in at least one of the wall (40) and the sacrificial anode (30), the positioning of the packing (61) can be facilitated, In addition, the displacement of the packing (61) can be prevented.

  Specifically, the packing (61) has an annular shape, and the opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50) is located inside the packing (61). The sacrificial anode (30) may be configured to be fixed to the wall (40) with a screw inside the packing (61).

  The water-cooled heat exchanger includes a covering member (43) that covers an outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50), and the covering member (43) receives water that has entered the through hole (50). It may be formed of a transparent or translucent member so as to be visible from the outside of the casing (11). In this configuration, since the covering member (43) covering the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50) is provided, the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50) flows into the through hole (50). It is possible to suppress water that has reached the outside from leaking out of the casing (11). In this configuration, since the covering member (43) is formed of a transparent or translucent member, the covering member (43) flows into the through hole (50) and reaches the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50). Water can be seen through the covering member (43). Thereby, the progress of the corrosion of the sacrificial anode (30) can be visually confirmed.

  In the water-cooled heat exchanger, an inner surface of the covering member (43) is provided with a recess (45) that communicates with the through hole (50) and is recessed outward, and the recess (45) It is preferable to have an inner dimension larger than the inner dimension of the through hole (50). In this configuration, since a large amount of water can be stored in the recess (45) of the covering member (43), the water held in the recess (45) of the covering member (43) can be easily seen.

  In the water-cooled heat exchanger, the covering member (43) preferably has an air hole (46) that communicates the through hole (50) and the outside of the casing (11). In this configuration, air inside the covering member (43) can flow out of the casing (11) through the air hole (46), so that the water in the water chambers (S2, S3) passes through the hole. It becomes easy to flow into (50).

  The water-cooled heat exchanger preferably includes a drain pan (47) that receives water flowing out of the casing (11) from the through hole (50). In this configuration, the drain pan (47) can receive water flowing out of the casing (11) from the through hole (50).

  The water-cooled heat exchanger preferably includes a sensor (48) that detects that water in the water chamber (S2, S3) has entered the through hole (50). In this configuration, the sensor (48) can accurately detect that the water in the water chamber (S2, S3) has entered the through hole (50).

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily determine from the outside that the sacrificial anode is consumed with a simple structure.

It is a top view which shows the water-cooling type heat exchanger which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and is partially broken and drawn in order to demonstrate an internal structure. It is sectional drawing to which the front cover vicinity in the said water cooling type heat exchanger was expanded. It is sectional drawing to which the rear cover vicinity in the said water cooling type heat exchanger was expanded. (A) is sectional drawing which expanded the vicinity of the sacrificial anode provided in the front lid and the back lid, (B) is the side view which expanded the vicinity of the sacrificial anode provided in the front lid and the back lid. is there. These figures show a state before the corrosion of the sacrificial anode proceeds. (A) is sectional drawing which expanded the vicinity of the sacrificial anode provided in the front lid and the back lid, (B) is the side view which expanded the vicinity of the sacrificial anode provided in the front lid and the back lid. is there. These figures show the state after the corrosion of the sacrificial anode has progressed. (A) is sectional drawing which shows the modification 1 of the said water cooling type heat exchanger, (B) is sectional drawing which shows the modification 2 of the said water cooling type heat exchanger. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification 3 of the said water cooling type heat exchanger. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification 4 of the said water cooling type heat exchanger. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification 5 of the said water cooling type heat exchanger.

  Hereinafter, a water-cooled heat exchanger 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description, the right side of FIG. 1 is “front”, and the left side of FIG. 1 is “rear”. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 of this embodiment is used as a condenser or an evaporator of a refrigeration apparatus such as an air conditioner (for example, an air conditioner for ships), and performs heat exchange between the introduced seawater and the refrigerant. However, it can also be used for refrigeration apparatuses such as air conditioners for purposes other than ships.

[Overall structure of water-cooled heat exchanger]
As shown in FIG. 1, the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 according to the present embodiment is a so-called shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 includes a sealed cylindrical casing 11 (shell 11) and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 (tubes 12) provided inside the casing 11. The heat exchanger 10 is fixed to the support base 13, and is installed sideways so that the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the casing 11 extends in the horizontal direction, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, the casing 11 includes a cylindrical body portion 11 a, a front lid 11 b provided at one end of the body portion 11 a, and a rear end provided at the other end of the body portion 11 a. And a lid 11c.

  One end of the trunk portion 11a is covered with a disk-shaped front tube plate 21. On the other hand, the other end of the body portion 11a is covered with a disc-shaped rear tube plate 22. Since the front tube plate 21 and the rear tube plate 22 are provided, the inside of the casing 11 includes the refrigerant chamber S1 surrounded by the body portion 11a and the both tube plates 21 and 22, the front lid 11b, and the front tube. It is divided into a front water chamber S2 surrounded by the plate 21 and a rear water chamber S3 surrounded by the rear lid 11c and the rear tube plate 22.

  One end of a refrigerant introduction pipe 15 is connected to the upper portion of the body portion 11a and the central portion in the longitudinal direction. On the other hand, one end portion and the other end portion of the refrigerant outlet connecting pipe 16 are respectively connected to the lower portion of the body portion 11a and between the center portion and both end portions in the longitudinal direction. One end of the outlet pipe 17 is connected to the center of the outlet connecting pipe 16. The introduction pipe 15 and the outlet pipe 17 communicate with the refrigerant chamber S1. Although not shown, the other ends of the introduction pipe 15 and the outlet pipe 17 are connected to a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration apparatus such as an air conditioner.

  A water inflow pipe 19 is connected to the lower part of the front lid 11b. On the other hand, a water outflow pipe 18 is connected to the upper portion of the front lid 11b. A partition plate 11d is formed on the inner surface of the front lid 11b. The partition plate 11d partitions the front water chamber S2 into an inlet water chamber S22 on the inflow pipe 19 side and an outlet water chamber S21 on the outflow pipe 18 side. That is, one end of the inflow pipe 19 opens in the inlet water chamber S22, and one end of the outflow pipe 18 opens in the outlet water chamber S21.

  A plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 are provided in the refrigerant chamber S1 so as to extend in the axial direction of the body portion 11a. The plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 are inserted into both the tube plates 21 and 22 such that the front end is supported by the front tube plate 21 while the rear end is supported by the rear tube plate 22. Specifically, a plurality of through holes are formed in the front tube plate 21 and the rear tube plate 22, and both end portions of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 are a plurality of through holes in the front tube plate 21 and the rear tube plate 22. Are inserted respectively. The front ends of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 are opened in the inlet water chamber S22 or the outlet water chamber S21 of the front water chamber S2, and the rear ends are opened in the rear water chamber S3.

  With such a configuration, the inlet water chamber S22, the rear water chamber S3, and the outlet water chamber S21 are communicated by the plurality of heat transfer tubes 12. That is, the inlet water chamber S22 and the rear water chamber S3 are communicated with each other by the heat transfer tube 12 arranged in the lower half of the refrigerant chamber S1, and the rear water chamber S3 is communicated by the heat transfer tube 12 arranged in the upper half of the refrigerant chamber S1. And the outlet water chamber S21 are communicated with each other. The three water chambers S3, S21, S22 and the plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 form a plurality of water flow paths.

  In the present embodiment, the casing 11, the heat transfer tube 12, the front tube plate 21, and the rear tube plate 22 are formed of, for example, iron or copper (brass, bronze, etc.), but are not limited thereto.

  The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 is provided with a sacrificial anode 30 in order to prevent corrosion of the metal constituting the water flow path. As a metal which comprises a water flow path, the tube plates 21 and 22, the heat exchanger tube 12, the front cover 11b, the rear cover 11c, etc. can be illustrated.

  In the present embodiment, the sacrificial anode 30 is made of, for example, zinc. However, the material of the sacrificial anode 30 is not limited to zinc, but may be any metal (a metal having a high ionization tendency) that is more easily oxidized than a metal (such as iron or copper in the present embodiment) constituting the water flow path.

  In the present embodiment, the sacrificial anode 30 is provided in at least one water chamber. Specifically, the sacrificial anode 30 is provided in at least one of the front water chamber S2 and the rear water chamber S3, for example. The sacrificial anode 30 may be provided in each water chamber S21, S22, S3. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of sacrificial anodes 30 (specifically, two sacrificial anodes 30) are provided in the front water chamber S2, and a plurality of sacrificial anodes 30 ( Specifically, two sacrificial anodes 30) are provided. Each sacrificial anode 30 is directly attached to the front lid 11 b and the rear lid 11 c that constitute a part of the wall portion of the casing 11.

[Operation of water-cooled heat exchanger]
Water (for example, seawater) is supplied to the inlet water chamber S22 via the inflow pipe 19. The water that has flowed into the inlet water chamber S22 passes through the inside of the heat transfer tube 12 (lower heat transfer tube in FIG. 1) that opens in the inlet water chamber S22 and reaches the rear water chamber S3. The water flowing into the rear water chamber S3 changes its flow direction by 180 °, and reaches the outlet water chamber S21 through the heat transfer pipe 12 (the upper half heat transfer pipe in FIG. 1) whose front end opens in the outlet water chamber S21. . Then, the water that flows into the outlet water chamber S21 is discharged from the outflow pipe 18.

  On the other hand, the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit is introduced into the refrigerant chamber S1 through the introduction pipe 15. The refrigerant introduced into the refrigerant chamber S1 flows outside the plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 from the upper layer portion to the lower layer portion. At this time, the refrigerant flowing outside the heat transfer tube 12 exchanges heat with water flowing inside the heat transfer tube 12. The refrigerant reaching the lower layer portion of the refrigerant chamber S1 flows into the lead-out connecting pipe 16 and is discharged from the lead-out pipe 17.

  In the water-cooled heat exchanger 10, a sacrificial anode 30 is provided in a water flow path formed by the water chambers S 21, S 3, S 22 and the heat transfer tube 12. Thereby, in this water flow path, the sacrificial anode 30 made of, for example, zinc having a higher ionization tendency is corroded earlier than the casing 11 made of, for example, iron or copper, the heat transfer tube 12, the front tube plate 21, and the rear tube plate 22. Thereby, corrosion of casing 11, heat exchanger tube 12, front tube plate 21, and rear tube plate 22 will be prevented.

[Water guide structure]
4A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the sacrificial anode 30 provided on the lid (front lid 11b, rear lid 11c), and FIG. 4B is a diagram of the lid (front lid 11b, rear lid 11c). 2 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the sacrificial anode 30 provided in FIG. 4B is a diagram when FIG. 4A is viewed in the direction D. FIG. These drawings show a state before the sacrificial anode 30 is corroded.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the front lid 11 b that constitutes a part of the wall portion of the casing 11 has a mounting portion 40 to which the sacrificial anode 30 is attached. The rear lid 11c to be configured has a mounting portion 40 to which the sacrificial anode 30 is attached. The attachment portion 40 of the front lid 11b is provided with one or a plurality of through-holes 50 that allow communication between the outside of the casing 11 and the front water chamber S2. The attachment portion 40 of the rear lid 11c is provided with one or a plurality of through holes 50 for communicating between the outside of the casing 11 and the rear water chamber S3.

  Before the sacrificial anode 30 is corroded, the opening 50 </ b> A on the water chamber side (water chamber S <b> 2 side, water chamber S <b> 3 side) in the through hole 50 is closed by the sacrificial anode 30. On the other hand, after the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 proceeds, the water in the water chamber (water chamber S2, water chamber S3) enters the through hole 50 and reaches the outer opening 50B in the through hole 50.

  Each attachment portion 40 has an inner pedestal portion 41 and an outer pedestal portion 42. The inner pedestal portion 41 is a portion that protrudes further toward the water chamber (inside the casing 11) than its periphery. The outer pedestal portion 42 is a portion that protrudes outside the casing 11 from its periphery. In the present embodiment, the inner pedestal portion 41 and the outer pedestal portion 42 are portions integrally formed of the same material as other portions constituting the lid. Each through hole 50 is provided so as to penetrate the inner base part 41 and the outer base part 42. One or both of the inner pedestal portion 41 and the outer pedestal portion 42 can be omitted.

  In the front water chamber S2, the sacrificial anode 30 is directly fixed to the inner pedestal portion 41 of the front lid 11b. In the rear water chamber S3, the sacrificial anode 30 is directly fixed to the inner pedestal portion 41 of the rear lid 11c. ing. In the present embodiment, the sacrificial anode 30 is fixed to the inner pedestal portion 41 of the lid with the screw 62, but is not limited thereto, and may be fixed by other fixing means.

  In the present embodiment, a packing 61 (seal member 61) is provided between the inner pedestal 41 of the lid and the sacrificial anode 30. The packing 61 is provided so as to surround the opening 50 </ b> A on the water chambers S <b> 2 and S <b> 3 side in the through hole 50. Specifically, the packing 61 has a ring shape. An opening 50A on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole 50 is located inside the packing 61, and the sacrificial anode 30 is fixed to the inner pedestal portion 41 with a screw 62 inside the packing.

  The inner pedestal portion 41 has an end surface 401. In the present embodiment, the end surface 401 of the inner pedestal portion 41 is a flat surface, and the end surface 301 of the sacrificial anode 30 facing this is also a flat surface. Between the end surfaces 301 and 42, the above-described packing 61 is disposed. Thereby, the space between the inner pedestal 41 and the sacrificial anode 30 is kept watertight. Note that the end surfaces 301 and 401 are not necessarily flat surfaces as long as they are watertight.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the inner peripheral surface of the hole in the packing 61 is located radially outside the position where the opening 50A of the through hole 50 is provided. The thickness of the packing 61 is adjusted so that a gap G is formed between the end surface 401 of the inner pedestal portion 41 and the end surface 301 of the sacrificial anode 30. By forming such a gap G, water in the water chamber can flow into the gap G when corrosion as shown in FIG. The water flowing into the gap G is guided to the opening 50 </ b> A of the through hole 50 through the gap G.

  In the present embodiment, the inner pedestal portion 41 is formed with a groove 44 in which the packing 61 is disposed. The groove 44 has an annular shape along the shape of the packing 61. A part of the packing 61 is fitted in the groove 44.

  In the present embodiment, the opening outside the through-hole 50 is closed by the covering member 43, but is not limited to this, and the modified examples shown in FIGS. 6A, 6 </ b> B, 7, and 8. Thus, the covering member 43 can be omitted. The covering member 43 is formed of a transparent or translucent member, and the water that has entered the through hole 50 can be visually observed from the outside of the casing 11. In the present embodiment, the covering member 43 is a plate-like member formed of a material such as glass or synthetic resin, but is not limited thereto. The covering member 43 is fixed to the mounting portion 40 by fixing means such as screwing or adhesive.

  The inner surface of the covering member 43 is provided with a recess 45 that communicates with the through hole 50 and is recessed outward. The recess 45 has an inner dimension that is larger than the inner dimension of the through hole 50. Specifically, the inner dimension in the vertical direction of the recess 45 is larger than the inner dimension (inner diameter) of the through hole 50. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the recess 45 is larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 50.

  In the present embodiment, the bottom portion 451 of the recess 45 is provided at a position lower than the bottom portion 501 of the through hole 50. In this case, the water flowing through the through-hole 50 hardly flows back into the through-hole 50 again after flowing into the recess 45. Thereby, after the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 proceeds and water once flows into the recess 45, the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 can be grasped regardless of the time of visual observation.

  The covering member 43 has an air hole 46 that communicates the through hole 50 with the outside of the casing 11. Therefore, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 can easily flow into the through hole 50. The air hole 46 is provided above the bottom 451 of the recess 45. Therefore, compared to the case where the air hole 46 is provided at the same height as the bottom 451 of the recess 45, the water flowing into the recess 45 is less likely to flow out of the casing 11 from the air hole 46. In the present embodiment, the air hole 46 is formed in the side portion of the covering member 43, but is not limited thereto, and may be formed in the upper portion of the covering member 43, for example.

  5A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the sacrificial anode 30 provided on the lid (front lid 11b, rear lid 11c), and FIG. 5B is a diagram of the lid (front lid 11b, rear lid 11c). 2 is an enlarged side view of the vicinity of the sacrificial anode 30 provided in FIG. These drawings show the state after the sacrificial anode 30 has been corroded. As shown in FIG. 5, when the sacrificial anode 30 is consumed, the through hole 50 of the mounting portion 40 communicates with the water chamber S2 or the water chamber S3. As a result, the water W in the water chambers S2 and S3 flows into the gap G as indicated by the one-dot chain line arrow, and is guided by the gap G to reach the opening 50A of the through hole 50. Inflow. The water W that has flowed into the through hole 50 is guided by the through hole 50 and flows out of the through hole 50 from the outer opening 50B. The water W that has flowed out flows into the recess 45 and accumulates in the recess 45. A user who checks the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can visually recognize the water W flowing out from the through hole 50 (water W accumulated in the recess 45) from the outside of the casing 11 through the covering member 43. . In addition, when the water in the water chambers S <b> 2 and S <b> 3 flows into the through hole 50, a part of the air in the recess 45 of the covering member 43 flows out of the casing 11 through the air hole 46.

[Summary of Embodiment]
In the present embodiment, the opening 50A on the water chamber S2, S3 side in the through hole 50 provided in the wall portion (specifically, the mounting portion 40) of the casing 11 is closed by the sacrificial anode 30 before corrosion. On the other hand, after the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 proceeds, the water in the water chambers S <b> 2 and S <b> 3 enters the through hole 50 and reaches the outer opening 50 </ b> B in the through hole 50. Thus, it is possible to determine from the outside of the casing 11 that the sacrificial anode 30 has been consumed by grasping the water reaching the outer opening 50B in the through-hole 50 by means such as visual inspection by the user and detection by a sensor. . Moreover, in the present embodiment, the sacrificial anode 30 is directly fixed to the wall (specifically, the mounting portion 40) in the water chambers S2 and S3. There will be no more. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to determine from the outside of the casing 11 that the sacrificial anode 30 has been consumed with a simple structure having a small number of parts.

  In the present embodiment, a packing 61 is provided between the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) and the sacrificial anode 30 and surrounding the opening 50A on the water chambers S2 and S3 side in the through hole 50. Yes. In this configuration, since the periphery of the opening 50A on the side of the water chambers S2 and S3 in the through hole 50 is surrounded by the packing 61, for example, before the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 proceeds, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 flows. It is possible to suppress entry between the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) and the sacrificial anode 30 and entering the through hole 50.

  The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 includes an annular packing 61 interposed between a wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) and the sacrificial anode 30. The openings 50 </ b> A on the side of the water chambers S <b> 2 and S <b> 3 in the through hole 50 are located inside the packing 61. In this configuration, for example, the water in the water chambers S <b> 2 and S <b> 3 enters between the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) and the sacrificial anode 30 before the sacrificial anode 30 is corroded to enter the through hole 50. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of a problem of entering the vehicle. Then, when the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 progresses to the inside of the packing, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 enters the through hole 50, and the progress of the corrosion of the sacrificial anode 30 is grasped.

  In the present embodiment, a groove 44 in which the packing 61 is disposed is formed in the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40). Therefore, the positioning of the packing 61 can be facilitated, and the displacement of the packing 61 can be prevented. Specifically, the packing 61 has an annular shape, the openings 50A on the water chambers S2 and S3 side in the through-hole 50 are located inside the packing 61, and the sacrificial anode 30 is screwed inside the packing 61 with screws 62. It is being fixed to the wall part (specifically attachment part 40).

  In the present embodiment, the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 includes a covering member 43 that covers the outer opening 50 </ b> B in the through hole 50, and the covering member 43 can visually observe the water that has entered the through hole 50 from the outside of the casing 11. Thus, it is formed of a transparent or translucent member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the water that has flowed into the through hole 50 and reached the outer opening 50 </ b> B in the through hole 50 from leaking out of the casing 11. Further, since the covering member 43 is formed of a transparent or translucent member, the water that has flowed into the through hole 50 and reached the outer opening 50 </ b> B can be visually observed through the covering member 43.

  In the present embodiment, in the water-cooled heat exchanger 10, the inner surface of the covering member 43 is provided with a recessed portion 45 that communicates with the through hole 50 and is recessed outward, and the recessed portion 45 is formed from the inner dimension of the through hole 50. Also has a large internal dimension. Accordingly, a large amount of water can be stored in the recess 45 of the covering member 43, so that the water held in the recess 45 of the covering member 43 can be easily seen.

  In the present embodiment, the covering member 43 has an air hole 46 that communicates the through hole 50 with the outside of the casing 11. Therefore, air inside the covering member 43 can flow out of the casing 11 through the air holes 46, so that the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 easily flows into the through holes 50.

[Modification 1]
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view showing Modification 1 of the water-cooled heat exchanger 10. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 of Modification 1 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that the covering member 43 as shown in FIG. 4 is not provided. In the first modification, when the sacrificial anode 30 is consumed, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 flows into the through hole 50, is guided by the through hole 50, and flows out of the through hole 50 from the outer opening 50B. . A user who checks the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can visually recognize the water flowing out of the through hole 50 from the outside of the casing 11.

[Modification 2]
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing a second modification of the water-cooled heat exchanger 10. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 of Modification 2 is different from Modification 1 shown in FIG. 6 in that it includes a drain pan 47. The drain pan 47 is provided below the outer opening 50B in the through hole 50 and at a position where it can receive the water flowing out from the opening 50B of the through hole 50 and flowing down.

  In the second modification, when the sacrificial anode 30 is consumed, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 flows into the through hole 50, is guided by the through hole 50, and flows out of the through hole 50 from the outer opening 50B. . The discharged water flows down and is stored in the drain pan 47. Then, a user who checks the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 can visually recognize the water flowing down from the through hole 50 from the outside of the casing 11, and the water stored in the drain pan 47 can be seen from the outside of the casing 11. Can be visually recognized.

[Modification 3]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a third modification of the water-cooled heat exchanger 10. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 of Modification 3 is different from Modification 1 shown in FIG. 6 in that it includes a water detection sensor 48. The water detection sensor 48 indicates that the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 has entered the through hole 50, specifically, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 has entered the through hole 50 and is located outside the through hole 50. It is a sensor that can detect that the opening 50B has been reached. Examples of such a water detection sensor 48 include, but are not limited to, a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.

  In the third modification, when the sacrificial anode 30 is consumed, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 enters the through hole 50 and is guided by the through hole 50 to reach the outer opening 50B. When the water detection sensor 48 detects that water has entered the through-hole 50 or water has entered the through-hole 50 and has reached the opening 50B outside the through-hole 50, the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 A user who performs inspection or the like can recognize that the sacrificial anode 30 has been consumed by a not-shown notification means. As the notification means, for example, an unillustrated display unit that can display that the sacrificial anode 30 has been exhausted, an unillustrated speaker that emits a sound that informs that the sacrificial anode 30 has been exhausted, and the like can be cited. However, it is not limited to these.

[Modification 4]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth modification of the water-cooled heat exchanger 10. The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 of Modification 4 is different from Modification 1 shown in FIG. 6A in that a valve 49 is provided. The valve 49 has a flow path that can be opened and closed, and this flow path is connected to the opening 50 </ b> B outside the through hole 50. When the valve 49 is in the closed state, the end portion 49A of the flow path and the through hole 50 do not communicate with each other, so that water does not flow out from the end portion 49A of the flow path. On the other hand, when the valve 49 is opened, the end portion 49A of the flow path and the through hole 50 communicate with each other. Therefore, when the valve 49 is opened when the sacrificial anode 30 is consumed, the water in the water chambers S2 and S3 is guided by the through hole 50 and reaches the outer opening 50B. And flows out from the end 49 </ b> A of the flow path to the outside of the casing 11. Therefore, a user who checks the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 or the like can recognize that the sacrificial anode 30 has been consumed by periodically opening and closing the valve 49.

[Modification 5]
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing Modification 5 of the water-cooled heat exchanger 10. In the water-cooled heat exchanger 10 according to the fifth modification, the sacrificial anode 30 is formed with a groove 31 in which the packing 61 is disposed. The groove 31 has an annular shape along the shape of the packing 61. A part of the packing 61 is fitted in the groove 31.

[Other variations]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various change, improvement, etc. are possible in the range which does not deviate from the meaning.

  In the embodiment, the inside of the casing 11 is partitioned and formed into the refrigerant chamber S1, the front water chamber S2, and the rear water chamber S3. However, the casing 11 is only in the refrigerant chamber S1 and the front side of the refrigerant chamber S1. The water chambers S21 and S22 may be partitioned. In this case, the inlet water chamber S22 and the outlet water chamber S21 are connected by, for example, a U-shaped heat transfer tube.

  In the embodiment, the case where the groove 44 in which the packing 61 is disposed is formed in at least one of the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) and the sacrificial anode 30, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Can be omitted.

  In the embodiment, the packing 61 has an annular shape, and the inner peripheral surface of the hole in the packing 61 is located on the radially outer side than the position where the opening 50A of the through hole 50 is provided, and the thickness of the packing 61 is Although the gap G is adjusted so as to be formed between the end surface 401 of the inner pedestal portion 41 and the end surface 301 of the sacrificial anode 30, the present invention is not limited to this, and the gap G may not be formed. In this case, the packing 61 has, for example, a form having a through hole at the same position as the opening 50A at the same position as the opening 50A of the through hole 50 and a through hole at the same position as the screw hole at the same position as the screw 62. It is done.

  In the above embodiment, the inner surface of the covering member 43 is provided with the recess 45, and the inner dimension of the recess 45 is larger than the inner dimension of the through hole 50. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. . For example, the inner dimension of the recess 45 may be the same as the inner dimension of the through hole 50, and the recess 45 can be omitted.

  In the embodiment, the case where the covering member 43 has the air holes 46 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the air holes 46 may be omitted.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where a plurality of through holes 50 are provided in the wall portion (specifically, the attachment portion 40) of the casing 11 has been described as an example. The form in which only the hole 50 is provided may be sufficient.

  The water-cooled heat exchanger 10 according to the embodiment is used in a ship air conditioner and the like, and is particularly useful in a water-cooled heat exchanger that introduces seawater. However, the water-cooled heat exchanger used for other purposes is used. It can also be used in an exchanger.

10 Water-cooled heat exchanger 11 Casing (shell)
11a Body 11b Front lid 11c Rear lid 11d Partition plate 12 Heat transfer tube 30 Sacrificial anode 301 End surface 31 of sacrificial anode 31 Groove 40 Mounting portion 401 End surface of mounting portion 41 Inner pedestal portion 42 Outer pedestal portion 43 Cover member 44 Groove 45 Recessed portion 451 Recessed portion Bottom 46 of the air hole 47 drain pan 48 water detection sensor 49 valve 49A end of the flow path of the valve 50 through hole 501 bottom of the through hole 50A opening on the water chamber side in the through hole 50B outer opening in the through hole 61 packing G gap S1 Refrigerant chamber S2 Front water chamber S21 Outlet water chamber S22 Inlet water chamber S3 Rear water chamber W Water

Claims (9)

A casing (11) in which a refrigerant chamber (S1) and water chambers (S2, S3) are partitioned and a sacrificial anode (30) provided in contact with water in the water chambers (S2, S3). A water-cooled heat exchanger provided,
The wall (40) of the casing (11) is provided with one or a plurality of through holes (50) for communicating between the outside of the casing (11) and the water chamber (S2, S3). And
The sacrificial anode (30) is directly fixed to the wall (40) in the water chamber (S2, S3),
Before the sacrificial anode (30) is corroded, the opening (50A) on the side of the water chamber (S2, S3) in the through hole (50) is closed by the sacrificial anode (30). After the corrosion of the anode (30) proceeds, the water in the water chamber (S2, S3) enters the through hole (50) and reaches the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50). Constructed water-cooled heat exchanger.   A packing (61) that is interposed between the wall (40) and the sacrificial anode (30) and surrounds the opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50). The water-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 1.   The water-cooled heat exchange according to claim 2, wherein grooves (31, 44) in which the packing (61) is disposed are formed in at least one of the wall portion (40) and the sacrificial anode (30). vessel. The packing (61) has an annular shape,
The opening (50A) on the water chamber (S2, S3) side in the through hole (50) is located inside the packing (61),
The water-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sacrificial anode (30) is fixed to the wall (40) with a screw (62) inside the packing (61). A covering member (43) covering the outer opening (50B) in the through hole (50);
The said covering member (43) is formed of the transparent or semi-transparent member so that the water which entered the said through-hole (50) can be visually recognized from the exterior of the said casing (11). The water-cooled heat exchanger according to any one of the above.   The inner surface of the covering member (43) is provided with a concave portion (45) that communicates with the through hole (50) and is recessed outward, and the concave portion (45) has an inner dimension of the through hole (50). The water-cooled heat exchanger according to claim 4 or 5, which has a larger internal dimension.   The said covering member (43) has an air hole (46) which connects the said through-hole (50) and the exterior of the said casing (11), The any one of Claims 4-6 Water-cooled heat exchanger.   The water-cooled heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a drain pan (47) that receives water flowing out of the casing (11) from the through hole (50).   The water-cooled heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a sensor (48) that detects that water in the water chamber (S2, S3) has entered the through hole (50). .

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