JP2016016544A - Protective structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective structure capable of absorbing impact force even when a flied object having high penetration force collides thereto.SOLUTION: A protective structure 1 for absorbing impact comprises: a frame body 2 having a framework which is formed into a grating-state; and a cover member 5 attached to a front surface and/or rear surface of the frame body 2 to cover an opening on the frame body 2. If the protective structure 1 is installed on the surrounding, front surface, and upper part of a device PO or the like, the protective structure 1 can receive a flied object, and the flied object is prevented from colliding to the device PO or the like. In addition, the frame body 2 is formed into the grating-state, and the cover member 5 is provided on the opening, so that, impact absorption performance can be enhanced and the structure can be lightweight and installation man hour can be reduced, compared with cases that whole protective structure is formed of a plate material, and the protective structure is formed into a concrete structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective structure. More particularly, the present invention relates to a protective structure used for protecting buildings such as buildings, warehouses, and power supply facilities from external impacts.

In Japan, strong winds are usually generated with the approach and landing of typhoons, and this strong wind causes damage such as the collapse of buildings and trees.
However, although strong winds caused by typhoons may have a maximum wind speed of 60 m / s or more, even if such strong winds cause collapse of houses and trees, the structure of a collapsed building (such as a steel frame) There is not enough energy to scatter heavy objects.
For this reason, conventionally, strong wind countermeasures in Japan have been mainly to weaken the wind blown to the building by windbreak forests or to increase the strength of the building to prevent collapse due to wind pressure.

  On the other hand, when a tornado occurs, it may have more energy than a typhoon, and if the wind speed is 70 m / s or more (F3 or more tornado), there is a possibility that the structure or automobile of a collapsed building will be scattered. is there. In the United States and the like, a large tornado occurs every year, and a large damage is caused by structures scattered by the large tornado.

  Although tornadoes are seen in Japan, the tornadoes that have occurred so far are relatively small in scale, and no special measures have been taken against tornadoes.

  However, in recent years, large-scale tornadoes have been generated in Japan, and the tornadoes have caused great damage. For example, a tornado rolls up a structure of a building (for example, a roof or wall material) or a car, and the structure or the car collides with the building, causing a disaster that causes the building to collapse or be damaged. ing. For this reason, even in Japan, when a large tornado occurs and the structure of the building is scattered, the scattered structure, etc. (hereinafter referred to as a flying object) collides with the building, etc., and the building collapses or breaks. It is becoming necessary to take measures to prevent damage.

  By the way, in the case where an object collides with the building from the outside, as a technique for preventing damage to the building, it is generally performed to provide a protective wall. For such a protective wall, a concrete wall or the like is often used. However, when a concrete wall is installed, the weight of the concrete wall becomes very large. Therefore, foundation work is necessary for stable installation. Then, it takes time and labor to construct the protective wall, and the place where the protective wall can be installed is limited to the place where the foundation can be constructed.

  Therefore, techniques as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been developed as protective walls that do not use concrete.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a protective wall disposed between a road and a building. This protective wall has a honeycomb panel sandwiched between a pair of plate-like members, and describes that the axial direction of the cells of the honeycomb panel is arranged parallel to the road surface. For this reason, Patent Document 1 describes that when a vehicle or the like collides with a protective wall, the honeycomb panel can be deformed in the cell axial direction to absorb the impact.

  Further, Patent Document 2 is an impact buffering device installed on a structure to be protected such as a bridge girder, and has a structure in which a large number of buffering members each having a small-diameter hollow cross-sectional member premised on axial deformation are provided in parallel. Things are disclosed. In Patent Document 2, since the buffer member absorbs energy in the process of plastic buckling and deformation, the load transmitted to the part to be protected can be reduced, and the structure to be protected It is stated that installation space such as foundations and supports is not required because it can be directly installed.

JP-A-8-199521 JP 2007-205046 A

However, the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are only assumed to have impacts such that the automobile collides with self-propelled, and shock absorption is assumed when a flying object with high penetration force such as steel collides. Not done.
In other words, even when the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 are adopted, when a flying object with a high penetrating force, such as a steel material, flies toward a building or the like, it can receive the flying object and absorb its impact force. It is impossible at all.

  As described above, a protective wall formed without using concrete and capable of absorbing the impact force when a projectile with a high penetrating force collides has not been developed so far. There is a demand for the development of structures that can build such protective walls.

  In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a protective structure capable of absorbing the impact force even when a flying object having a high penetration force collides.

The protective structure of the first invention is a protective structure that absorbs an impact, and has a frame having a frame provided in a lattice shape, and a surface of the frame so as to cover an opening in the frame and / or And a cover member attached to the back surface.
The protection structure according to a second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the cover member is a metal plate, and is attached to the front and back surfaces of the frame.
The protective structure according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the frame is formed in a lattice shape by combining shaft-like members having higher rigidity than the cover member. .
A protective structure according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the protective structure according to the first, second or third aspect, wherein the frame is formed by combining H-shaped steel, and the H-shaped steel has a thickness of 3 to 3. It is 15 mm H-shaped steel, and the thickness of the metal plate is 2 to 6 mm.
The protection structure according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the protection structure according to the first aspect, wherein the cover member is a high-strength wire mesh, and the periphery of the high-strength wire mesh is connected to the periphery of the frame. And
The protection structure according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first or fifth aspect, the frame is formed in a lattice shape by combining shaft-shaped members having rigidity higher than that of the cover member. .
The protective structure according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that, in the sixth aspect, a reinforcing cover made of a metal plate is attached so as to cover the opening located in the peripheral portion of the frame.
In the protective structure of the eighth invention according to any one of the first to seventh inventions, the framework of the frame body has an opening width of 1 to 1.5 m and an opening height of 1 to 1. It is characterized by being formed to be 5 m.
The protection structure of the ninth invention is a wall structure according to any one of the first to eighth inventions, and is installed at a certain distance from the outer surface of the building to be protected and / or from the building. It is characterized by being.

According to the first invention, when a large projectile collides, the projectile can be received by the frame, and the collision energy of the projectile can be absorbed by the deformation of the frame. Further, the flying object having a size that can pass through the opening of the frame can be received by the cover member, and the collision energy of the flying object can be absorbed by the deformation of the cover member. Therefore, if a protective structure is installed around, in front of, or above the building, the flying object can be received by the protective structure, and the flying object can be prevented from colliding with the building. it can. In addition, since the frame is formed in a lattice shape and a cover member is provided in the opening, shock absorption is greater than when the entire protective structure is made of plate or the protective structure is a concrete structure. While maintaining high performance, the weight can be reduced and the number of installation steps can be reduced.
According to the second invention, since the openings located on both sides of the frame are covered with the cover member made of a metal plate material, the opening portion can be formed into a hollow box shape. can do. And since the amount of deformation can be suppressed small in the case of shock absorption, the degree of freedom of an installation place etc. can be made high.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the shaft member having a higher rigidity than the cover member is formed in combination, the strength of the frame can be increased.
According to the fourth invention, when the flying object collides at a speed of about 60 m / s while reducing the weight of the protective structure, the collision energy can be absorbed while suppressing the deformation amount.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the opening of the frame body is covered with the cover member made of a high-strength wire mesh, flying objects that pass through the opening can be captured by the high-strength wire mesh. In addition, since the peripheral portion of the high-strength wire mesh is connected to the peripheral portion of the frame, the amount of deformation of the high-strength wire mesh can be increased. Therefore, the impact energy absorption performance of flying objects due to deformation of the high-strength wire mesh can be increased.
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the shaft member having higher rigidity than the cover member is formed in combination, the strength of the frame can be increased.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, it is possible to increase the performance of capturing the flying object and absorbing the impact even at the peripheral portion of the frame body where the impact absorption performance by the high strength wire mesh is low.
According to the eighth aspect of the invention, a large flying object having a large collision energy can collide with the frame body and receive an impact with the frame body.
According to the ninth aspect, since the flying object can be received by the protective structure, it is possible to prevent the flying object from colliding with the building or the like, or to reduce the impact applied to the building or the like.

It is a schematic front view of the protection structure 1 of this embodiment. It is the IIB-IIB line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is a partial schematic perspective view of the protection structure 1 of this embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the use condition of the protection structure 1 of this embodiment. It is a schematic front view of the protection structure 1B of other embodiment. It is a schematic back view of the protection structure 1B of other embodiment. It is the VIIB-VIIB line expanded sectional view of FIG. It is a partial schematic perspective view of the protection structure 1B of other embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the use condition of the protection structure 1B of other embodiment. It is a schematic explanatory drawing of the model used for the Example. It is explanatory drawing of the calculation conditions of an Example, (A) is explanatory drawing of a flying object, (B) It is explanatory drawing of the collision condition of a flying object. It is the figure which showed the calculation result of the Example. It is the graph which showed the calculation result of the Example.

  The protection structure of the present invention is installed near or around equipment in thermal power plants, nuclear power plants, manufacturing plants, etc. It is what prevents it.

  In addition, the equipment protected by the protective structure of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a pump, a tank, a fan, and a pipe provided outside the building or in the opening can be exemplified.

(Protective structure 1 of this embodiment)
First, the structure and use situation of the protective structure 1 of this embodiment will be briefly described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the protection structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes a frame 2 having a framework provided in a lattice shape, and a cover plate 5 attached to the front and back surfaces of the frame 2. It is a structure formed in a shape. And the cover member 5 is attached so that the opening of the frame of the frame 2 may be covered.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the protection structure 1 is provided to protect the protected equipment PO arranged at the opening of the building BLD from flying objects.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 4, it is assumed that a space h recessed from the side surface SF is formed on the side surface SF of the building BLD, and the equipment PO is arranged in the space h. In this case, the space h communicates with the outside only through the opening c provided in the side surface SF.

  In such a case, the protective structure 1 is disposed so as to cover the opening c. At this time, the protective structure 1 is installed at a certain distance (for example, about 1 m) from the equipment PO.

  Then, even if a flying object flies toward the equipment PO due to a tornado or the like, the flying object can be received by the protective structure 1, so that the equipment PO can be prevented from being damaged by the flying object.

  Specifically, a large flying object such as an automobile can be received by the frame 2. On the other hand, flying objects (for example, steel frames) having a smaller cross section than the frame opening of the frame body 2 can be received by the cover member 5 attached so as to cover the frame opening of the frame body 2.

  Even when the cover member 5 is deformed or the frame 2 is deformed by the impact of a flying object (that is, when the protective structure 1 itself is deformed), the protective structure 1 is separated from the equipment PO by a certain distance. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deformed protective structure 1 from coming into contact with the equipment PO.

  As described above, if the protective structure 1 is provided outside the equipment PO, in other words, so that the equipment PO is not exposed from the outside, the flying object may fly toward the equipment PO in the space h. The equipment PO can be prevented from being damaged by flying objects.

  Moreover, since the framework forming the frame body 2 has a lattice shape, the protective structure 1 has a certain amount of space inside. For this reason, compared with the case where the whole protective structure 1 is formed with a board | plate material, or the protective structure 1 is made into a concrete structure, it is possible to make the protective structure 1 lightweight while maintaining a high impact absorption performance. it can. Then, since the foundation work required for the installation of the protective structure 1 does not become large-scale, the restriction on the place where the protective structure 1 is installed is reduced, and the number of work steps when installing the protective structure 1 may be reduced. it can.

  In addition, when installing the protective structure 1, the distance from the protective structure 1 to the equipment PO is not particularly limited. What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the impact-absorbing performance of the protective structure 1, the installation environment of the facilities PO, etc. In other words, when the protective structure 1 is deformed by the impact of an assumed flying object, the protective structure 1 may be installed at a distance that does not contact the equipment PO even if the protective structure 1 is deformed. .

  Moreover, the magnitude | size of the protection structure 1 is not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to form in an appropriate magnitude | size according to the installation place and the installation PO which should be protected. For example, if the equipment PO arranged in the opening of the building BLD is a pipe, the size of the protective structure 1 may be about 3 m × 2 m to 5 m × 11 m. Further, if the equipment PO is a fan, the size of the protective structure 1 may be about 2 m × 3 m to 2.5 m × 3 m.

  Moreover, the shape of the protective structure 1 is not particularly limited, and may be formed in an appropriate shape according to the installation location and the equipment PO to be protected. In FIG. 1, a rectangular example is disclosed as the protective structure 1, but the protective structure 1 may be a polygon such as a triangle, a pentagon, or a hexagon, or a circle or an ellipse.

(Detailed description of this embodiment protection structure 1)
Next, the protective structure 1 of the present embodiment will be described in detail.
In the following, the case where the protective structure 1 is rectangular will be described as a representative. However, as described above, the shape of the protective structure 1 is not limited to a rectangle.

  As described above, the protective structure 1 according to the present embodiment has a certain thickness due to the frame 2 having a framework provided in a lattice shape and the cover members 5 attached to the front and back surfaces of the frame 2. It is a structure formed in a plate shape (or wall shape) having a thickness.

(Frame 2)
The frame body 2 includes an outer frame 4 and an inner frame 3 provided in a lattice shape in the outer frame 4.

(Outer frame 4)
The outer frame 4 is formed on a substantially rectangular shape by combining square steel pipes, H-shaped steels and the like. When the protection structure 1 of the present embodiment is fixed to the side surface SF of the building BLD, the attachment member BL that connects the protection structure 1 and the side surface SF is attached to the outer frame 4. For example, in the case of FIG. 4, the attachment members BL are fixed to the four corners of the outer frame 4, and the protective structure 1 is installed on the side surface SF.

(Inner frame 3)
The inner frame 3 is formed by combining a plurality of shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B. As the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B, those having higher rigidity than the cover member 5 are used. Specifically, the shaft-shaped member has rigidity enough to deform the cover member 5 before the framework of the frame 2 when a force is applied to the protective structure 1 from the thickness direction. Used as 3A, 3B.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the inner frame 3 is formed in a lattice shape by combining a plurality of shaft-like members 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B. That is, the inner frame 3 is formed so as to have a through-hole penetrating the front and back (the left-right direction in FIG. 2). For example, the inner frame 3 is formed so that the width of the opening (left and right in FIG. 1) is 1 to 1.5 m, and the height of the opening (up and down in FIG. 1) is 1 to 1.5 m. Has been. Then, when a large projectile such as an automobile collides with the protective structure 1, the large projectile can be received by the frame body 2 and the impact due to the collision can be absorbed by the deformation of the frame body 2. That is, the impact caused by the collision of a large flying object can be received by the shaft-like members 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B of the inner frame 3 having higher rigidity than the cover member 5. Then, compared with the case where the impact of the large flying object is received by the cover member 5, the impact absorbing performance of the protective structure 1 when the large flying object collides can be increased.

  In addition, the size of the through hole, that is, the size of the opening is not limited to the above-mentioned size, and among the assumed flying objects, it matches the size of the flying object that is expected to be received by the frame 2. What is necessary is just to set suitably.

(Cover member 5)
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a pair of cover members 5 a and 5 b are attached to the front and back surfaces of the frame body 2. The pair of cover members 5a and 5b are plate-like members. The material of the pair of cover members 5a and 5b is formed of a material having a certain degree of rigidity and toughness, for example, a metal such as stainless steel or iron. That is, the pair of cover members 5a and 5b are formed to have a function of deforming and absorbing the impact when an impact is applied and preventing the object from penetrating to some extent even if the object collides. -ing

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the pair of cover members 5 a and 5 b are formed to be substantially similar to the opening of the frame of the frame body 2 and slightly larger than the opening. The pair of cover members 5 a and 5 b are provided so as to close the frame opening of the frame body 2. That is, the pair of cover members 5a and 5b is attached to the frame 2 so that a box-like structure having a hollow space 2h is formed by the pair of cover members 5a and 5b and the frame 2 frame. (See FIG. 3).

For example, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it is assumed that the shaft-shaped members 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B of the inner frame 3 of the frame 2 are formed of H-shaped steel. In this case, the cover members 5a and 5b are arranged so that the respective edges are placed on the flange portions 3f (four flange portions 3f) of the shaft-like members 3A and 3B located around the openings. Is done. The end edges of the cover members 5a and 5b are fixed to the flange portions 3f of the shaft-like members 3A and 3B by welding, bolts, or the like. Then, a box-shaped structure having a hollow space 2h is formed by the two shaft-shaped members 3A, the two shaft-shaped members 3B, and the pair of cover members 5a and 5b.
Of course, in the peripheral part of the protective structure 1, the outer frame 4 is a component of the box-shaped structure instead of a part of the shaft-shaped member 3A or the shaft-shaped member 3B.

  As described above, the protective structure 1 of the present embodiment has a structure in which a plurality of box-like structures are formed by the frame body 2 and the cover member 5. For this reason, a large flying object such as an automobile can be received by the frame 2. Further, a flying object (for example, a steel frame) having a cross section smaller than the opening of the framework of the frame body 2 can be received by the cover member 5.

  Moreover, since the protective structure 1 has the several box-shaped structure formed of the frame 2 and the cover member 5, it can make shock absorption performance high, though it is lightweight. In addition, the amount of deformation of the protective structure 1 can be kept small during impact absorption. Then, it is not necessary to increase the distance between the protection structure 1 and the object to be protected (equipment PO in FIG. 4), so that the degree of freedom such as the location and position of the protection structure 1 can be increased. That is, it can be used in various places.

  For example, it is assumed that the protective structure 1 is formed in a wall shape having a size of 8 m × 6 m to 8 m × 8 m and a thickness of 150 to 300 mm. At this time, the inner frame 3 of the frame 2 is formed by combining light-weight H-section steel having a thickness of 3 to 6 mm, a width of the flange 3f of 75 to 85 mm, and a height of the web 3w of 150 to 250 mm. Further, the outer frame 4 is formed using a square steel pipe of 150 mm × 150 mm × 4.5 mm to 250 mm × 150 mm × 9 mm and an H-shaped steel of H150 mm × 150 mm × 3.2 mm × 4.5 mm. The cover member 5 is made of a metal (iron) plate (thickness 2 to 6 mm). In this case, the weight of the protective structure 1 can be suppressed to about 3 to 4 t.

  Moreover, even when a car of about 2 tons collides as a flying object due to a wind of 100 m / s class tornado, the deformation of the protective structure 1 (the amount of depression in the thickness direction, in FIG. Protrusion amount) can be suppressed to about 700 to 900 mm.

  That is, in the protection structure 1 of the present embodiment, by using the above-described configuration, it can be significantly reduced in weight compared to the case of using a plate material or a concrete wall having an equivalent size and thickness, The amount of deformation when colliding as a flying object can also be reduced.

(About inner frame 3)
It has been described that the inner frame 3 is formed by combining a plurality of shaft-like members 3A and 3B. In this specification, the axial member means a member having a longer axial length than the width and height of the cross section. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B are H-shaped steel, the axial direction (in FIG. 2) is larger than the width of the flange portion 3f and the height of the web portion 3w. A member having a long length in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface, in the case of FIG. 1 in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, corresponds to a shaft-shaped member.

2 and 3, the case where H-shaped steel is used as the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B is described. However, the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B may have any structure and performance as described above, and the cross-sectional shape, width, height, and the like are not particularly limited. For example, L-shaped steel (angle material), rectangular steel pipe, circular steel pipe, grooved steel (channel material), etc. can be adopted as the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B.
In particular, the use of a lightweight H-section steel is preferable because the weight of the frame body 2 can be reduced while maintaining rigidity, and the production of the protective structure 1 is facilitated.

  The shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B may have the same structure (having the same cross-sectional shape), or the shaft-shaped member 3A and the shaft-shaped member 3B may have different cross-sectional shapes. Moreover, you may change the axial member used according to a position.

  When the frame 2 is formed by using the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B that have the same cross-sectional shape, in the protection structure 1, which is inside the frame surrounded by the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B Even at the position, the same strength and the same shock absorbing performance can be obtained.

  On the other hand, if the property (for example, rigidity, cross-sectional shape, etc.) of the shaft-shaped member to be used is changed depending on the position, the protective structure 1 can be adjusted to a desired strength and impact absorption performance. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> A is arranged with its axial direction parallel to the width direction of the protective structure 1, and the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> B has a height in the axial direction. Let us consider a case where they are arranged parallel to the direction. In this case, if the rigidity of the shaft-shaped member 3B is made stronger than the shaft-shaped member 3A, the displacement (deflection) in the width direction can be increased compared to the height direction. Conversely, if the rigidity of the shaft-shaped member 3A is made stronger than that of the shaft-shaped member 3B, the displacement (deflection) in the height direction can be increased compared to the width direction.

  Further, when the shaft-like members 3A and 3B having high rigidity are used in the peripheral portion of the protective structure 1, and the shaft-like members 3A and 3B having low rigidity are used in the central portion of the protective structure 1, the end portions The impact absorbing performance of the part can be improved. On the contrary, when the shaft-like members 3A and 3B having high rigidity are used in the central part of the protective structure 1, and the shaft-like members 3A and 3B having low rigidity are used in the peripheral part of the protective structure 1, The shock absorbing performance at the center can be improved.

  Moreover, the method of forming a lattice-like framework by combining a plurality of shaft-like members 3A and 3B is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, long shaft-like members 3 </ b> B are arranged side by side along the width direction of the outer frame 4. Then, the short shaft-shaped member 3A is spaced along the height direction of the outer frame 4 so as to connect between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3B (or between the shaft-shaped member 3B and the outer frame 4). Install. By doing in this way, the lattice-shaped inner frame 3 can be formed by the plurality of shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B. Of course, the long shaft-shaped members 3A are arranged side by side along the height direction of the outer frame 4 so as to be arranged between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3A (or between the shaft-shaped member 3A and the outer frame 4). The grid-like inner frame 3 may be formed by installing short shaft-like members 3B at intervals along the width direction of the outer frame 4 so as to connect each other. Alternatively, the lattice-shaped inner frame 3 may be formed by combining the short shaft-shaped member 3A and the short shaft-shaped member 3B. However, in order to increase the rigidity of the inner frame 3, a long shaft-shaped member 3B (or a long shaft-shaped member 3A) and a short shaft-shaped member 3A (or a short shaft-shaped member 3B) are used. It is desirable to form the inner frame 3 in combination.

Further, the interval between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3A and the interval between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3B may be equal intervals, or the intervals may be changed depending on places. If the distance is adjusted, the protective structure 1 can be formed to have a desired strength and a desired shock absorption performance. For example, in the portion where the interval is narrowed, the rigidity of the protective structure 1 is increased, and the deformation amount of the protective structure 1 can be reduced. On the contrary, in the portion where the interval is widened, the rigidity of the protective structure 1 is reduced, and the deformation amount of the protective structure 1 can be increased.
And according to the magnitude | size of the flying object assumed, you may change the space | interval between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3A and the space | interval between the adjacent shaft-shaped members 3B. For example, when the assumed flying object is an automobile, it is desirable to narrow the interval. On the other hand, when the assumed flying object is a steel material (iron pipe, square steel pipe, etc.), it is desirable to widen the interval.

  1 to 3, the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> A is parallel to the width direction of the protective structure 1, and the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> B is parallel to the height direction of the protective structure 1. Explain the case. However, the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3A may be inclined with respect to the width direction of the protective structure 1, and the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3B is inclined with respect to the height direction of the protective structure 1. May be. The shaft-shaped member 3A and the shaft-shaped member 3B do not necessarily have to be orthogonal to each other. However, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> A is parallel to the width direction of the protective structure 1, and the axial direction of the shaft-shaped member 3 </ b> B is the height direction of the protective structure 1. If it arrange | positions so that it may become parallel, it will become easy to manufacture a housing | casing (namely, box-shaped structure).

  In the above example, the case where the rigidity of the shaft-shaped members 3A and 3B is higher than the rigidity of the cover member 5 has been described. However, when the assumed projectile is not assumed to be a large one such as an automobile, and the assumed projectile is only a steel material (iron pipe, square steel pipe, etc.), the shaft-shaped member 3A , 3B may be as rigid as the cover member 5.

(About outer frame 4)
In the above example, a case where a square steel pipe or an H-shaped steel is used as a member constituting the outer frame 4 has been described. However, the member which comprises the outer frame 4 is not limited to a square steel pipe, A various member can be used. For example, an L-shaped steel (angle material), a circular steel pipe, a grooved steel (channel material), or the like can be employed as a member constituting the outer frame 4.

  Further, as described above, the outer frame 4 also functions as a fixing member that is fixed to the protective structure 1 and the side surface SF. Therefore, the member constituting the outer frame 4 has higher rigidity than the cover member 5. Of course, it is desirable to use a member having rigidity equal to or greater than that of the member constituting the inner frame 3. However, when the assumed flying object is only a steel material (iron pipe, square steel pipe, etc.), a member having the same degree of rigidity as the cover member 5 may be used as a member constituting the outer frame 4. Good.

  Moreover, in the said example, since the protection structure 1 was a rectangle, the case where the outer frame 4 was a rectangle was demonstrated. However, the outer frame 4 is not limited to a rectangle, and the outer frame 4 may be formed in an appropriate shape according to the shape of the protective structure 1.

(Cover member 5)
1 to 3, the case where the pair of cover members 5a and 5b is attached to each opening one by one (two on the front and back) has been described, but the size of the pair of cover members 5a and 5b is not particularly limited. . For example, the cover members 5a and 5b may be formed in a size that can cover a plurality of openings, or the cover members 5a and 5b may be formed in a size that can cover the entire frame 2 with a single sheet. It may be formed. However, when a pair of cover members 5a and 5b is provided in each opening, it becomes easy to manufacture a box-like structure. Further, when a plurality of openings are covered with a single cover member 5a, 5b, the shock absorbing performance can be improved.

  Further, when a plurality of openings are covered with one cover member 5a, 5b, only the peripheral part of one cover member 5a, 5b may be connected to the frame body 2, You may make it connect the frame 2 with cover member 5a, 5b about the peripheral part of opening. When only the peripheral part of one cover member 5a, 5b is connected to the frame 2, the shock absorbing performance can be improved. On the other hand, when the frame 2 is connected to the cover members 5a and 5b at the periphery of each opening, the rigidity of the protective structure can be improved.

  In the above example, the case where a metal plate is used as the pair of cover members 5a and 5b has been described. However, the pair of cover members 5a and 5b is not limited to the metal plate, and when a flying object collides. In addition, any plate material formed of a material that can be deformed to absorb the impact may be used.

(Other embodiments)
In the above example, the case where a plate-like member is provided on both the front and back surfaces of the frame 2 as the cover member 5 and a box-like structure is formed on the protective structure 1 has been described.
However, the protective structure 1 does not necessarily have a box-like structure, and the following structure can also be adopted.
In addition, below, the description regarding the structure which is common in the protection structure 1 mentioned above is omitted suitably.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the protective structure 1 </ b> B includes a frame body 2 having an inner frame 3 and an outer frame 4. This frame 2 has a structure substantially equivalent to the protective structure 1 described above. That is, the frame body 2 has an inner frame 3 formed in a lattice shape by combining a plurality of shaft-shaped members 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> B in the outer frame 4.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the protective structure 1 </ b> B is different from the protective structure 1 described above in that a cover member 6 made of a high-strength wire mesh is attached to the back surface of the protective structure 1 </ b> B. The cover member 6 is provided so as to cover the entire back surface of the protective structure 1 </ b> B, and only the peripheral edge thereof is connected to the outer frame 4 of the frame body 2 or the inner frame 3 in the vicinity of the outer frame 4.

  By adopting such a configuration, a large projectile can be received by the inner frame 3 in the same manner as the protective structure 1, and a projectile that passes through the opening (through hole) of the inner frame 3 is a cover member 6. Can be received by strength wire mesh. Since the high-strength wire mesh is excellent in deformability, when a flying object collides with the high-strength wire mesh, the high-strength wire mesh is deformed so as to be bent and can absorb the impact of the flying object colliding.

  Moreover, since only the peripheral edge portion of the high-strength wire mesh is connected to the peripheral edge portion of the frame body 2, the deformation amount of the high-strength wire mesh can be increased. Therefore, the impact energy absorption performance of flying objects due to deformation of the high-strength wire mesh can be increased. That is, when a flying object (a flying object that cannot be captured by the frame 2) flies toward the protective structure 1B, the performance of the protective structure 1B to capture the flying object and absorb the collision energy is increased. Can do it.

  As shown in FIGS. 5, 7, and 8, the protective structure 1 </ b> B may be provided with a reinforcing cover 7 made of a metal plate so as to cover the opening located in the periphery of the frame 2. Good. If such a reinforcing cover 7 is provided, flying objects that collide with the periphery of the protective structure 1B can be received by the reinforcing cover 7 instead of the cover member 6 (high-strength wire mesh). Since the amount of deformation of the high-strength wire mesh is smaller in the peripheral portion of the frame 2 than in the central portion, the impact absorption performance by the high-strength wire mesh is lowered. However, by providing the reinforcing cover 7, it is possible to increase the performance of capturing the flying object and absorbing the impact at the peripheral part of the frame body 2, that is, the peripheral part of the protective structure 1B. The reinforcing cover 7 may be fixed to the frame 2 by the same method as the method of fixing the cover member 5 of the protective structure 1 to the frame 2 described above.

(Usage example of protective structure 1B)
Since the protective structure 1 </ b> B described above uses a high-strength wire mesh as the cover member 6, the air permeability of the front and back of the protective structure 1 </ b> B can be made higher than that of the protective structure 1. Therefore, the protective structure 1B is suitable as a structure that protects the equipment PO that requires air permeability.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9, consider a case where equipment PO arranged inside a pit P or the like is protected. In the case of FIG. 9, the facility PO can be protected by closing the opening of the pit P, but the inside of the pit P is sealed or is not easily ventilated. If the equipment PO is a device that generates heat by operation, such as a pump (electric motor (motor) drive), heat generated by the operation of the equipment PO cannot be released to the outside. Then, the temperature inside the pit P rises and the equipment PO may be damaged by heat.

  On the other hand, in the case of the above-described protective structure 1B, as shown in FIG. 9, even if the protective structure 1B is installed on the fixing frame BL or the like, the cover member 6 is a high-strength wire mesh. The air permeability between the inside and outside of P is maintained. That is, even if the protective structure 1B is installed, the air permeability inside the pit P is maintained in a state substantially equivalent to the state where the protective structure 1B is not installed.

  Therefore, when protecting the equipment PO where air permeability and ventilation are important, use the protective structure 1B to fly the equipment PO while maintaining the same environment as when the protective structure 1B is not provided. It can be protected from things.

  In addition, even if the protective structure 1 uses a thing (for example, punching plate etc.) with a certain amount of air permeability as the cover member 5, it can be made to have the air permeability of the front and back.

  In order to confirm the collision energy absorption performance of the protection structure of the present invention, the deformation state of the protection structure when a flying object collided with the protection structure (building wall surface) was confirmed by numerical simulation.

In the numerical simulation, a collision evaluation model (FIG. 10) having a structure equivalent to that of the protective structure 1 described above is formed, and a flying object simulating an automobile is collided with the collision evaluation model at an initial speed of 47 m / s. The deformation state of the collision evaluation model was confirmed.
In addition, the collision evaluation model was set in a state where the peripheral part was connected to the protection target by the fixing member and was disposed at a position 900 mm away from the wall surface to be protected.

  For the numerical simulation, a dynamic finite element method analysis code (LSDYNA) was used as simulation software.

The collision evaluation model and aircraft used are as follows.
(Collision evaluation model)
Size of protective structure: width 8m x height 8m, thickness 150mm
Material of outer frame: Lightweight H-section steel (H150mm × 150mm × 3.2mm × 4.5mm)
Material of inner frame: Lightweight H-section steel (H150mm × 75mm × 3.2mm × 4.5mm)
Cover member material: Iron plate (thickness 3.2 mm)
(Flying objects)
Rectangular body (virtual car): length 4.6m x width 1.6m x depth 1.4m (collision height: 0.6m), weight 2t

  The protective structure was fixed to the building wall surface with a support metal fitting, and the vehicle rigidity of the rectangular body (virtual automobile) was set so as to have the effect of being crushed in a collision and absorbing energy itself.

The results are shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when a projectile collides, the collision evaluation model is deformed so as to be recessed around the collision position, and it is confirmed that the maximum deformation amount is about 710 mm.
Moreover, flying objects (automobiles) did not reach the wall surface to be protected, and almost no deformation was observed.

  That is, it was confirmed that the protective structure of the present invention can absorb the impact of a large flying object such as an automobile while reducing the amount of deformation even if it is lightweight.

  The protective structure of the present invention is suitable for installation on the wall surface of buildings such as buildings, warehouses, heavy oil tanks, and water tanks.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Protective structure 2 Frame body 3 Inner frame 3A Shaft-shaped member 3B Shaft-shaped member 4 Outer frame 5 Cover member 6 Cover member 7 Reinforcement cover PO equipment

Claims (9)

A protective structure that absorbs impact,
A frame having a framework provided in a lattice shape;
And a cover member attached to the front surface and / or back surface of the frame body so as to cover the opening in the frame body. The cover member is
The protective structure according to claim 12, wherein the protective structure is a metal plate and is attached to a front surface and a back surface of the frame. The frame is
The protective structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the protective member is formed in a lattice shape by combining shaft members having higher rigidity than the cover member. The frame is formed by combining H-shaped steel,
The H-shaped steel is an H-shaped steel having a thickness of 3 to 15 mm,
The protective structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a thickness of the metal plate is 2 to 6 mm. The cover member is a high-strength wire mesh;
The high-strength wire mesh is
The protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral edge portion is connected to the peripheral edge portion of the frame body. The frame is
6. The protective structure according to claim 1, wherein the protective member is formed in a lattice shape by combining shaft members having higher rigidity than the cover member. The protective structure according to claim 6, wherein a reinforcing cover made of a metal plate material is attached so as to cover an opening located in a peripheral portion of the frame body. The framework of the frame is
The protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the width of the opening is 1 to 1.5 m and the height of the opening is 1 to 1.5 m. object. The protective structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the protective structure is formed in a wall shape and is installed at a certain distance from the outer surface of the building to be protected and / or the building. .