JP2016012489A5

JP2016012489A5 -

Info

Publication number: JP2016012489A5
Application number: JP2014133944A
Authority: JP
Filing date: 2014-06-30
Publication date: 2017-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2034-06-30

Description

また、請求項３に係る発明は、請求項２に係る燃料電池システムにおいて、検知装置は、改質用原料供給管におけるリサイクル燃料管の接続部と脱硫器との間に配設され、改質用原料とリサイクル燃料との混合ガスの露点温度を検知する露点センサであり、物理量は、混合ガスの露点温度であり、燃料電池システムは、改質部内の温度を検出する温度センサと、改質用原料の流量に対するリサイクル燃料の流量の比率を示すリサイクル燃料比率と、混合ガスの露点温度との改質部内の温度毎の関係を表すマップに基づいて、温度センサによって検出された温度および所定リサイクル燃料比率に応じた露点温度を露点しきい値として算出する算出部と、をさらに備え、検出部は、検知装置によって検出された露点温度が、算出部によって算出された露点しきい値以上である場合、リサイクル燃料管を通過するリサイクル燃料の通過を検出する。
これによれば、検出部は、検知装置によって検出された露点温度に基づいて、算出部によって算出される露点しきい値を用いることにより、リサイクル燃料管を通過するリサイクル燃料の通過を検出する。よって、リサイクル燃料管の異常を精度よく検知できる。 The invention according to claim 3 is the fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the detection device is disposed between the connection portion of the recycled fuel pipe in the reforming raw material supply pipe and the desulfurizer, The dew point sensor detects the dew point temperature of the mixed gas of raw materials and recycled fuel, the physical quantity is the dew point temperature of the mixed gas, and the fuel cell system includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature in the reforming unit , The temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the predetermined recycling based on a map showing the relationship of the ratio of the recycled fuel to the flow rate of the recycled fuel and the dew point temperature of the mixed gas for each temperature in the reforming section A calculation unit that calculates a dew point temperature corresponding to the fuel ratio as a dew point threshold value, and the detection unit calculates the dew point temperature detected by the detection device by the calculation unit. If it is the dew point above threshold, to detect the passage of recycle fuel passing through the recycling fuel pipe.
According to this, the detection unit detects the passage of the recycled fuel passing through the recycled fuel pipe by using the dew point threshold value calculated by the calculation unit based on the dew point temperature detected by the detection device. Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect an abnormality in the recycled fuel pipe.

また、請求項５に係る燃料電池システムは、水素を含む燃料と酸化剤ガスとにより発電する燃料電池と、改質水から水蒸気を生成する蒸発部と、改質用原料と改質水とから燃料を生成して燃料電池に供給する改質部と、水素を利用することにより改質用原料に含まれる硫黄成分を除去して、改質用原料を改質部に供給する脱硫器と、改質部から燃料電池に燃料を供給する燃料供給管と脱硫器に改質用原料を供給する改質用原料供給管とを接続し、燃料の一部をリサイクル燃料として脱硫器に戻すリサイクル燃料管と、改質用原料供給管に配設され、少なくとも改質用原料を脱硫器に供給する原料供給装置と、改質用原料供給管に配設され、改質用原料の流量を検出する流量検出装置と、燃料電池を少なくとも制御する制御装置と、を備えた燃料電池システムであって、制御装置は、流量検出装置によって検出される流量が改質用原料の目標流量となるように、原料供給装置に対する制御指令値を算出して、制御指令値を原料供給装置に出力するフィードバック制御を行うフィードバック制御部と、制御指令値を検知する制御指令値検知部と、制御指令値検知部によって検知された制御指令値に基づいてリサイクル燃料管を通過するリサイクル燃料の通過を検出する検出部と、を備えている。
原料供給装置が少なくとも改質用原料を脱硫器に供給するものであるため、リサイクル燃料が通過している場合の改質用原料供給装置の駆動量は、リサイクル燃料が通過していない場合の駆動量に比べて増加する。すなわち、リサイクル燃料が通過している場合のフィードバック制御部が出力する原料供給装置に対する制御指令値は、リサイクル燃料が通過していない場合の制御指令値に比べて増加する。よって、検出部により、制御指令値検知部によって検知された制御指令値に基づいて、リサイクル燃料の通過を検知することができる。これにより、燃料電池システムは、リサイクル燃料の物理量を検知するセンサ等を追加することなく、比較的低コストにて、リサイクル燃料管の異常を確実に検知できるようになる。よって、リサイクル燃料が脱硫器に供給されないことによって、脱硫器により除去されなかった硫黄成分による改質部の劣化や燃料電池の故障を発生させないような対処をすることが、比較的低コストにて可能になる。その結果、燃料電池システムにおいて、比較的低コストにて、硫黄成分による改質部の劣化や燃料電池の故障を抑制することができる。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel cell system comprising: a fuel cell that generates electric power using a fuel containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas; an evaporation unit that generates steam from reformed water; a reforming material and reformed water; A reforming unit that generates fuel and supplies the fuel cell; a desulfurizer that removes sulfur components contained in the reforming raw material by using hydrogen and supplies the reforming raw material to the reforming unit; Recycled fuel that connects a fuel supply pipe that supplies fuel to the fuel cell from the reforming unit and a reforming material supply pipe that supplies reforming raw material to the desulfurizer, and returns part of the fuel to the desulfurizer as recycled fuel Disposed in the pipe and the reforming raw material supply pipe, and at least disposed in the reforming raw material supply pipe and the raw material supply device for supplying the reforming raw material to the desulfurizer, and detects the flow rate of the reforming raw material A fuel comprising a flow rate detection device and a control device for controlling at least the fuel cell. In the battery system, the control device calculates a control command value for the raw material supply device so that the flow rate detected by the flow rate detection device becomes the target flow rate of the reforming raw material, and the control command value is determined as the raw material supply device. A feedback control unit that performs feedback control, a control command value detection unit that detects a control command value, and a passage of recycled fuel that passes through the recycled fuel pipe based on the control command value detected by the control command value detection unit And a detection unit for detecting.
Since the raw material supply device supplies at least the reforming raw material to the desulfurizer, the driving amount of the reforming raw material supply device when the recycled fuel passes is the driving amount when the recycled fuel does not pass. Increase compared to quantity. That is, the control command value for the raw material supply device output by the feedback control unit when the recycled fuel is passing is increased compared to the control command value when the recycled fuel is not passing. Therefore, the passage of the recycled fuel can be detected by the detection unit based on the control command value detected by the control command value detection unit. As a result, the fuel cell system can reliably detect abnormality of the recycled fuel pipe at a relatively low cost without adding a sensor or the like for detecting the physical quantity of the recycled fuel. Therefore, it is relatively low-cost to take measures to prevent the deterioration of the reforming part and the failure of the fuel cell due to the sulfur component not removed by the desulfurizer when the recycled fuel is not supplied to the desulfurizer. It becomes possible. As a result, in the fuel cell system, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the reforming portion and the failure of the fuel cell due to the sulfur component at a relatively low cost.

脱硫器１１ａ６は、水素を利用することにより改質用原料中の硫黄分（例えば、硫黄化合物）を除去するものである。脱硫器１１ａ６内には、触媒および超高次脱硫剤が収容されている。触媒においては、硫黄化合物と水素とが反応して硫化水素が発生する。例えば、触媒は、ニッケル−モリブデン系、コバルト−モリブデン系である。超高次脱硫剤としては、例えば銅−亜鉛系脱硫剤、銅−亜鉛−アルミニウム系脱硫剤などを用いることができる。超高次脱硫剤は、触媒にて硫黄化合物から変換された硫化水素を取り込んで除去する。このような超高次脱硫剤は、２００〜３００℃（例えば２５０〜３００℃）の高温状態で優れた脱硫作用を発揮する。したがって、脱硫器１１ａ６は、内部が２００〜３００℃（例えば２５０〜３００℃）の高温状態となる箇所に配置されている。例えば、脱硫器１１ａ６は、ケーシング３１内、またはケーシング３１外面に配置されている。 The desulfurizer 11a6 removes a sulfur content (for example, a sulfur compound) in the reforming raw material by using hydrogen . In the desulfurizer 11a6, a catalyst and a super high-order desulfurizing agent are accommodated. In the catalyst, a sulfur compound and hydrogen react to generate hydrogen sulfide. For example, the catalyst is nickel-molybdenum or cobalt-molybdenum. As the ultra-high order desulfurizing agent, for example, a copper-zinc-based desulfurizing agent, a copper-zinc-aluminum-based desulfurizing agent, or the like can be used. The ultra-high order desulfurizing agent takes in and removes hydrogen sulfide converted from the sulfur compound by the catalyst. Such an ultra-high order desulfurization agent exhibits an excellent desulfurization action at a high temperature of 200 to 300 ° C. (for example, 250 to 300 ° C.). Therefore, the desulfurizer 11a6 is disposed at a location where the inside is in a high temperature state of 200 to 300 ° C. (for example, 250 to 300 ° C.). For example, the desulfurizer 11 a 6 is disposed in the casing 31 or on the outer surface of the casing 31.

Claims

The detection device is disposed between a connection portion of the recycled fuel pipe in the reforming raw material supply pipe and the desulfurizer, and detects a dew point temperature of a mixed gas of the reforming raw material and the recycled fuel. Dew point sensor
The physical quantity is a dew point temperature of the mixed gas,
The fuel cell system includes:
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the reforming section ;
And recycling fuel ratio indicating a ratio of the flow rate of the recycled fuel to the flow rate of the raw material for the front Kiaratame quality, on the basis of a map representing the relationship between each temperature of the reforming portion to the dew point temperature of the mixed gas, the temperature sensor And a calculation unit that calculates a dew point temperature corresponding to the temperature detected by the predetermined recycle fuel ratio and a dew point threshold value,
The detection unit detects passage of the recycled fuel that passes through the recycled fuel pipe when a dew point temperature detected by the detection device is equal to or higher than the dew point threshold calculated by the calculation unit. 2. Fuel cell system.

The physical quantity is the pressure of the recycled fuel,
Said sensing device, said during the in reforming material supply pipe and the connecting portion of the recycled fuel pipe and the desulfurizer, or disposed in the recycled fuel pipe, a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the recycled fuel The fuel cell system according to claim 1.

A fuel cell that generates electricity using a fuel containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas;
An evaporation section for generating water vapor from the reformed water;
A reforming unit that generates the fuel from the reforming raw material and reforming water and supplies the fuel to the fuel cell;
A desulfurizer that removes sulfur components contained in the reforming raw material by using the hydrogen and supplies the reforming raw material to the reforming unit;
A fuel supply pipe for supplying the fuel to the fuel cell from the reforming section and a reforming raw material supply pipe for supplying the reforming raw material to the desulfurizer are connected, and a part of the fuel is used as a recycled fuel. A recycled fuel pipe returned to the desulfurizer;
A raw material supply device that is disposed in the reforming raw material supply pipe and supplies at least the reforming raw material to the desulfurizer;
A flow rate detection device disposed in the reforming material supply pipe for detecting the flow rate of the reforming material;
A fuel cell system comprising at least a control device for controlling the fuel cell,
The control device calculates a control command value for the raw material supply device so that a flow rate detected by the flow rate detection device becomes a target flow rate of the reforming raw material, and the control command value is calculated as the raw material supply device. A feedback control unit that performs feedback control to be output to the control unit, a control command value detection unit that detects the control command value, and the recycle fuel pipe based on the control command value detected by the control command value detection unit A fuel cell system comprising: a detection unit that detects passage of the recycled fuel.