JP2016003664A - Expander type brake/clutch device and manufacturing method therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the amount of force or torque transmitted or dissipated by a brake/clutch device.SOLUTION: A pneumatic expander type brake/clutch of the present invention has the first force power transmitting mechanism such as a drum provided with an annular frictional surface at an outer periphery thereof. A plurality of bow-shaped backing block segments are adjacent to each other around the frictional surface of the drum in a precisely spaced-apart in a circumferential direction. The backing blocks have brake frictional pads at an inner side surface in a radial direction. An expanding type expander ring encloses the backing blocks, the ring biases the blocks inward of a radial direction when the blocks are expanded to cause the pads to be brought into contact with the frictional surfaces of the drum. A plurality of baffles are arranged at the end parts of the backing blocks, extend into a clearance between the blocks adjacent to each other in a circumferential direction so as to form a passage that is zig-zag in the shape against heat dispersed from the frictional surfaces of the drum outward in the radial direction. The baffles shut off the expanding type expander against heat to enable the frictional surfaces of the drum to be operated at a much higher temperature and under a more superior force power transmittance/dissipation without making the expander into over-heated state.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pneumatic expander type brake / clutch device and a method of manufacturing the device.

  The present invention relates to a rotating member and a rotating device such as a cable drum or a marine propeller shaft in the case where it is necessary to apply a brake or contact to a power transmission between shafts or between a shaft or a drum and a fixed member. The present invention relates to a pneumatic expander type brake / clutch device applied to power transmission of a brake or a clutch. Such an apparatus is capable of torque control of, for example, 300,000 Newton meters (N.m), and for applications such as crushing mills, ship propulsion devices, metal processing equipment, and oilfield equipment. In addition, it is often used to transmit or dissipate the actual amount of shaft power, such as brakes and clutches, having a diameter of 77 inches (193 cm) or more. Such a relatively large pneumatic brake / clutch can use a drum having a frictional contact surface around it, and the frictional contact surface has a plurality of circularly arranged circumferentially formed frictional contact surfaces. The friction pads on the array of auxiliary blocks are pressed. Under the action of an inflatable annular ring or expander surrounding the array of arcuate auxiliary blocks, the auxiliary block presses the friction member or friction pad against the friction surface of the drum.

  In operation, such a relatively large brake / clutch generates heat on the friction surface of the drum during braking / clutch operation. And this heat is radiated | emitted toward the outer side in the clearance gap between several arcuate auxiliary blocks installed around the drum. Traditionally, during operation of such a large brake / clutch, if the temperature on the friction surface of the drum reaches about 600 ° F. (315 ° C.), the temperature of the expansion member surrounding the arcuate block is It has been found that there is a risk of exceeding 250 ° F. (121 ° C.), which is the use limit temperature of the material (mainly rubber) used for the ring. Thus, this temperature limit of the expansion ring limits the allowable temperature that rises on the friction surface of the drum, ie the amount of force transmitted or distributed by the brake / clutch device.

  Therefore, a pneumatic brake / clutch can be used to increase the amount of force or torque transmitted or distributed by the brake / clutch device for a given size of friction surface without causing overheating of the expander ring. There is a need to provide a method or means that can increase the surface temperature of the friction surface of the drum of the device.

  The present disclosure describes and illustrates a pneumatic expander type brake / clutch adopting an annular friction surface on a specific rotational power transmission mechanism and a plurality of arcuate blocks arranged in an annular shape. It is. The plurality of arcuate blocks are circumferentially disposed about the annular friction surface and are circumferentially disposed about and adjacent to the arcuate auxiliary block. A friction member or a brake pad is pressed against an annular friction surface on the first power transmission mechanism by an annular expansion ring or expander. A plurality of baffles extending into the gap are provided in the gap between the adjacent arcuate auxiliary blocks so as to overlap or alternate in the circumferential direction. In these baffle plates, the radiant heat radiated from the friction surface on the first power transmission mechanism is radiated to the outside in the radial direction, and the rubber expandable expander ring exceeds its normal use limit temperature. Irradiation or heating is prevented. These baffles can dramatically increase the temperature during the action of the annular friction surface on the first power transmission mechanism relative to existing brake / clutch devices. Therefore, the power transmission / distribution capability of the existing brake / clutch device is substantially increased without increasing the size of the annular friction surface and the size of the first power transmission mechanism.

  In one form, the baffle is formed integrally with the brake pad auxiliary block and extends from their ends, and in another form, the baffle is a separate member and the attachment means Is attached to the existing brake pad auxiliary block.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the surface temperature of the friction surface of the drum of the pneumatic brake / clutch device can be increased, and the amount of force or torque transmitted or distributed by the brake / clutch device can be increased. Is possible.

It is a front view of the form which has an annular friction surface arrange | positioned around a rotating drum of a pneumatic expander type brake device. It is sectional drawing which showed the one part cross section of the form of FIG. 1 from the left side. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the configuration of FIG. 1 with a part removed so that the internal configuration can be seen. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a brake block, a friction pad, a torque bar, and a pad return spring, which are constituent members of the embodiment of FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an alternative arcuate brake assist block for use with the apparatus of FIG. 3 with an integrally formed baffle. FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of an alternative form of the arcuate brake assist block of FIG. 5 with baffles attached by attachment means. It is sectional drawing of the form of this invention applied as a pneumatic expander type clutch apparatus.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-4, one form of pneumatic expander-type brake is generally designated by the numeral 10 and includes stator-type stators having spaced apart annular plates 12,14. A first power transmission mechanism is included. The annular plates 12, 14 are attached to spacers in the form of an annular channel member 16 with a flange around it by suitable attachment means such as bolts 18. The axial width of the channel 16 provides the desired spacing for the stator plates 12,14. A brake drum, generally designated 20, is arranged between the plates 12, 14 concentrically therewith and in the form of a shaft 22 with a drum 22 having an annular friction surface 24 on the outside. The power transmission mechanism is arranged. The friction surface 24 constitutes the outer peripheral surface of the rim flange 26 supported by a web 28 attached to the shaft 22 so as to rotate relative to the stator plates 12, 14.

  A plurality of arcuate members, generally indicated by reference numerals 30 and 30 ', are arranged around the friction surface 24 in an annular array spaced circumferentially, as described below. The first power transmission mechanism is installed by connection to the stator plates 12 and 14.

  Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, each arcuate member 30 is an arcuate brake having a friction material in the form of a friction pad 34 of a material suitable for frictional contact with the annular friction surface 24. An auxiliary block (brake backing block) 32 is included. In this embodiment, the friction pad 34 is attached to the brake block 32 by appropriate attachment means 37 such as a rivet.

  The brake auxiliary block 32 is illustrated in FIG. 4 as having three (a plurality of) holes or passages that are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and extend in the axial direction. The middle hole is located at the center of the arcuate block 32 and is indicated by reference numeral 38, and the outer hole is indicated by reference numeral 36.

  Referring to FIG. 5, another form of brake assist block, indicated at 32 ', has five axial holes including a central hole 38' and four outer holes 36 '. . On the other hand, the arcuate block 32 shown in FIG. 4 has an axially extending central passage or hole 38 and an axial direction, indicated at 36, on each of its opposite circumferential sides. One passage 36 extending. Either of the arcuate brake auxiliary blocks 32, 32 'can be placed between the annular stator plates 12, 14, and the selected blocks protrude into them at the opposite ends. The protrusions 42 and 44 engage with holes 46 and 48 provided in the stator plates 12 and 14, respectively. The width of the torque bar 40 fits closely with the sides of the central holes 38, 38 'in the brake auxiliary block in a manner that allows the brake blocks 32, 32' to slide radially relative to the annular friction surface 24. Selected to match. However, it will be understood that the width of the torque bar 40 is sized to prevent any movement of the corresponding brake auxiliary block 32, 32 'in the circumferential direction. Each of the brake blocks 32, 32 'is provided with a return spring in the form of a leaf spring 47 so as to bias the block radially outward. In the present embodiment, the spring 47 is shown in a form that it is understood that it is preferable to constitute an arcuate leaf spring. Of each of the holes 38, 38 '.

  Each of the arcuate brake blocks 32, 32 'has at least one baffle member, indicated at 50, 52 and 50', 52 ', respectively, at their opposing circumferential ends. These baffle plate members extend in the circumferential direction by an amount substantially equal to the circumferential width of the gap formed between the arcuate members 30. In this embodiment, the baffle plate members extending from the arcuate auxiliary blocks 32 and 32 ′ adjacent in the circumferential direction extend to the gaps between the arcuate members 30 at different radial positions. In addition, it can be seen that the positions of the baffle members 50, 52 and 50 ', 52' in the brake auxiliary blocks 32, 32 'are preferably staggered in the radial direction. This arrangement provides a meandering path for radiant energy, such as thermal energy, emanating from the annular friction surface 24 and the drum of the first power transmission mechanism, and the thermal energy is in the radial direction. Direct flow to the outside is substantially prevented, and transmission to an annular expansion member or expander, generally indicated at 54, disposed on the arcuate member 30 is substantially prevented.

  In this embodiment, the annular expansion member or expander 54 is formed from a layer 55 of rubber material and a layer of corded material, indicated at 56 in FIG. can do. The expansion member 54 has an air inlet fitting 58 that is connected through the stator plate 14, and the air inlet fitting 58 connects the brake block pad 34 to the first for braking action. This is suitable for an external connection for supplying air pressure to the expansion member 54 when it is necessary to make contact with the annular friction surface 24 of the power transmission mechanism.

  4 and 5, in this embodiment, the brake auxiliary block members 32 and 32 ′ are integrally formed as one member with the respective baffle plate members 50, 52 and 50 ′ and 52 ′. ing. In this example, it has been found that the integral arcuate block members 32, 32 'are preferably made of an aluminum material, and in particular, 6061 aluminum alloy has been found to be preferred. However, it will be appreciated that other suitable materials may be employed, such as, for example, nickel and steel alloys. In this embodiment, aluminum is selected in terms of ease of processing, low weight, and low cost.

  In the form of the arcuate brake block 32, 32 ', only one baffle member is shown, but a plurality of baffle members 50, 52 and 50', which are alternately spaced. , 52 ′ may be employed.

  Referring to FIG. 6, an alternative form of baffle member, indicated generally at 60, has a right-angle shape in cross-section and has an arcuate brake block 32 "(a portion of which has a hole 36"). A flange 62 is provided along the baffle so that it can be attached to the end of the plate (shown in FIG. 6) by suitable attachment means such as screws 64.

  Referring to FIG. 7, the pneumatic expander brake / clutch is illustrated as a rotary clutch, generally indicated at 100, which includes an input shaft 104 that drives a hub 106 to rotate by a keyway 108. Including a first power transmission mechanism, generally indicated at 102. The shaft 104 is rotatably connected to its end and has an air supply fitting 110 for supplying air to a plurality of radial ports 114, 116 through a central passage 112 shown in dashed lines in FIG. doing. A plurality of radial ports 114, 116 are formed in the shaft 104, indicated by dashed lines, and supply air to the fittings 120 provided in the hub 106 through passages 119 in the hub 106. An outer annular drive ring 122 is connected to the hub 106 by a plurality of bolts 124 spaced circumferentially. The ring 122 has an outer annular flange 126 through which a fluid fitting 128 is received that is connected to the fitting 120 by a tube 130. The annular channel member 132 includes a pair of annular flanges 134, 136 that are axially spaced apart and are connected to the annular rings 138, 140 by suitable attachment means such as bolts 142.

  An annular expansion member 144 is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the channel 132, and a plurality of arcuate (annular) auxiliary members 146 are spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral side of the expansion member 144. Are arranged. A friction pad 148 is attached to each auxiliary member 146.

  A second power transmission mechanism, indicated generally at 150, has a shaft 152 that is drivably connected to a hub 154 by a keyway 156. The hub 154 is provided with an annular flange 160 that is fixed to the hub by a plurality of bolts 162 spaced in the circumferential direction. The flange 160 is connected to the annular drum 158. The drum 158 has an annular friction surface 164 formed on the outer peripheral side, and the friction surface 164 causes the shaft 152 to be clutched and connected to rotate the shaft 104 when the expansion member 144 is expanded. In effect, it is frictionally engaged by friction pad 148. An arcuate block member 146 is secured by a torque bar in a manner such as that shown by reference numeral 10, and each arcuate brake member 146 is circumferentially oriented in the same manner as the baffles 50,52. It will be understood that it has a baffle member extending from the end of the plate.

  Thus, the present disclosure describes a pneumatic expander brake / clutch having an arcuate auxiliary member or brake block with a friction member or brake pad disposed on a first power transmission mechanism. The arcuate auxiliary members or brake blocks are circumferentially spaced and are surrounded by an annular expansion member corresponding to the connection to the fluid pressure supply. When the expansion member expands, the arcuate member is urged radially inward to bring the brake pad into sliding contact with the annular friction surface of the second power transmission mechanism. Each brake block has a baffle plate member that extends from the opposite circumferential end to the gap between adjacent arcuate members. Therefore, these baffles create a serpentine passage to prevent direct transmission of radiant energy radiated radially outward from the annular friction surface of the second power transmission mechanism and This prevents the surface from being heated. For this reason, the baffle plate can provide a substantially superior operating temperature to the annular friction surface of the second power transmission mechanism without increasing the temperature of the annular expansion member during sliding contact. Therefore, the brake / clutch device according to the present invention is substantially superior to the existing brake / clutch specifications by replacing the inside with the above-mentioned arcuate auxiliary member without changing the size thereof. An amount of torque can be transmitted or captured.

  In this embodiment, when the surface temperature of the annular friction surface on the specific power transmission mechanism of the existing brake / clutch reaches 600 ° F. (315 ° C.), the temperature of the expansion member becomes 250 ° F. (131 °). It has been found that an overheated state exceeds C), which causes damage to the expansion member. However, when the baffle member is applied to an existing brake / clutch arcuate auxiliary member in accordance with the present disclosure, the temperature of the annular friction surface does not exceed 250 ° F. (131 ° C.). Can reach 1200 ° F (648 ° C). As a result, for the pneumatic expander brake / clutch device having a power transmission mechanism of a given size, the force and torque generated or taken in by mounting the disclosed baffle member on the arcuate member Can be improved by 40%.

  Obviously, other modifications and changes will occur upon reading and understanding the above detailed description. To the extent that such modifications and changes are within the scope of or equivalent to the appended claims, the exemplary embodiments described herein are to be construed as including all such modifications and changes. Is intended.

10: Pneumatic expander brake, 12, 14: annular plate, 20: brake drum, 24: annular friction surface, 30, 30 ': arcuate member, 34: friction pad, 36, 36'36 ": outside Hole, 37: mounting means, 38, 38 ′: center (middle) hole, 40: torque bar, 50, 50 ′, 52, 52 ′, 60: baffle plate member, 54: expansion member or expander, 64: Screw (attachment means), 100: pneumatic expander brake / clutch, 102: first power transmission mechanism, 144: annular expansion member, 148: friction pad, 150: second power transmission mechanism, 158: annular Drum, 164: annular friction surface

Claims (18)

A pneumatic expander type brake / clutch device,
(A) a first power transmission mechanism;
(B) a second power transmission mechanism disposed rotatably with respect to the first mechanism and having an annular friction surface;
(C) The first power transmission mechanism is arranged in such a manner as to be spaced in the circumferential direction of the annular friction surface and movable in the radial direction with respect to the annular friction surface. A plurality of arcuate members in an annular arrangement including a friction pad and a plurality of holes extending axially therethrough;
(D) The first power transmission mechanism is disposed so as to be expandable around the arcuate member, and the arcuate member is expanded in a radial direction so that the friction pad is moved to the second power transmission. An annular expansion member that transmits power between the first power transmission mechanism and the second power transmission mechanism by making a relative rotational contact with the annular friction surface of the mechanism;
(E) coupled to the first power transmission mechanism, extending through one of the plurality of holes for each of the plurality of arcuate members, and moving each arcuate member only in a radial direction; A working torque bar;
(F) a baffle plate member extending in a circumferential direction from an opposing end of each arcuate member to a gap between adjacent arcuate members,
The apparatus is characterized in that a meandering passage for radiating radiant energy from the annular friction surface to the expansion member is formed in the gap by the baffle member of an adjacent arcuate member.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one baffle member is integrally formed with a respective arcuate member as one member.   The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the plurality of arcuate members are made of aluminum. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the plurality of arcuate members are made of 6061 aluminum alloy.
  2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the plurality of arcuate members are made of aluminum and the baffle member is made of galvanized steel.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each arcuate member includes a plurality of baffle members, and the baffle members extending into the gap between adjacent arcuate members are staggered.   The first power transmission mechanism has a pair of plate members arranged at intervals in the axial direction, and each end of the torque bar facing each other is connected to each of the pair of plate members. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein:   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the friction pad is secured to each of the plurality of arcuate members by attachment means.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second power transmission mechanism includes a drum in which the annular friction surface is disposed on an outer peripheral surface. An expander brake / clutch manufacturing method,
(A) providing a first power transmission mechanism;
(B) providing a second power transmission mechanism having an annular friction surface, and disposing the second power transmission mechanism rotatably with respect to the first power transmission mechanism;
(C) A plurality of arcuate members each having a plurality of holes arranged at intervals and penetrating in the axial direction are arranged in an annular arrangement in such a manner as to be spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the annular friction surface. And installing a friction pad on each arcuate member;
(D) disposing an annular expansion member around the array of arcuate members, and fixing the expansion member to the first power transmission mechanism;
(E) passing one of the plurality of holes to place a torque bar on each arcuate member, connecting opposite ends of the torque bar to the first power transmission mechanism, and connecting the arcuate member to the first power transmission mechanism; Making it possible to move only in the radial direction relative to the annular friction surface;
(F) At least one baffle member is provided at the end of each arcuate member, the baffle plate member is extended into a gap between adjacent arcuate members in an array, and the gap from the friction surface Forming a serpentine path for radiant energy emitted to the expansion member.   The step of providing the at least one baffle member includes the step of integrally forming the at least one baffle member as a single member with each arcuate member. The method described.   The method of claim 10, wherein the step of providing the at least one baffle member comprises attaching the baffle member to the arcuate member by attachment means.   The step of arranging the torque bar is a step of installing a pair of plate members in the first power transmission mechanism with an interval in the axial direction, and connecting opposing ends of the torque bar to the pair of plate members, respectively. The method of claim 10, comprising:   The method of claim 10, wherein installing the friction pad comprises attaching the friction pad to the arcuate member by attachment means.   11. The method of claim 10, wherein the step of disposing the plurality of arcuate members in an annular arrangement includes forming the plurality of arcuate members from aluminum.   The method of claim 15, wherein forming the plurality of arcuate members comprises forming the plurality of arcuate members from a 6061 aluminum alloy.   The step of providing the at least one baffle member includes forming the arcuate member from aluminum and forming the at least one baffle member from galvanized steel. the method of.   11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the step of providing the second power transmission mechanism including the annular friction surface includes the step of providing a drum having the annular friction surface formed on an outer peripheral surface.

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