JP2016002438A - Blood circulation simulator comprising simulated atrium, and artificial organ test method using blood circulation simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a blood circulation simulator that comprises a simulated atrium and is capable of accurately simulating, with a simple configuration, a blood circulation system.SOLUTION: A blood circulation simulator comprising a simulated atrium circulates simulated blood in a circulation flow passage. The blood circulation simulator includes: a simulated vein 23 that is provided in the circulation flow passage and stores simulated blood; a simulated right atrium 11; an artificial valve 12 provided downstream of the simulated right atrium 11; a simulated right ventricle 13 provided downstream of the artificial valve 12; an artificial valve 14 provided downstream of the simulated right ventricle 13; and a simulated pulmonary artery 15 provided downstream of the artificial valve 14. The simulated right atrium 11 comprises: a housing; an elastic diaphragm for dividing the inside of the housing into an air room and a liquid room; and an inflow port and an outflow port for the simulated blood that communicate with the liquid room. The blood circulation simulator includes drive control means (driver 40, controller 50) for deforming the diaphragm by performing supply and exhaust of air to/from the air room, and making a pulsating flow of the simulated blood to be discharged from the outflow port by using variation in volume of the liquid room.

Description

  The present invention relates to a blood circulation simulation device including a simulated atrium and a method for testing an artificial organ using the blood circulation simulation device.

  As model circulation devices for simulating blood circulation, an overflow type mock circulation circuit, a Donovan model circulation circuit, and the like are known. This is a system that reconstructs the heart's pump pressure by reconstructing the preload and afterload of the human heart with hydrostatic pressure.

  Non-Patent Document 1 describes a model circulation circuit using a roller pump. However, the model circuit described in Non-Patent Document 1 does not have an atrial contraction element. In particular, when this is applied to the model circulation system of the low pressure system and the right heart system, the accuracy and validity are not satisfactory. There is.

  Non-Patent Document 2 and Non-Patent Document 3 describe hydraulic model circulation circuits. However, this model circulation circuit has no atrial contraction element, and there is a problem that it is not accurate and valid when applied to the model circulation system of the low pressure system and the right heart system.

  The fluid circulation device described in Patent Document 1 includes a drive pump that generates a pulsating flow, and a circulation channel that is disposed between an outlet and an inlet of the drive pump. A resistance applying means configured to circulate a fluid in the channel, and the circulation flow path is provided on the downstream side of the resistance applying means, and a pulse pressure attenuating means configured to attenuate the pulse pressure of the fluid. And an amplitude adjusting means for adjusting the amplitude of the pulse pressure on the upstream side of the resistance applying means, and configured to circulate the fluid in a state simulating the circulation of blood in the living body.

JP 2004-8586 A

Takashi Maruyama, “Experimental Study of Bi-center Bypass Using Roller Pump”, Hiroshima University Medical Journal (0018-2087), 1993, June 41, 3, p.143-165 Donovan F.M., “Design of an hydraulic analog of the circulatory system for evaluating artificial hearts.”, 1975, Biomat Med Dev Art Org 3 (4), p.439-449 Peters J. L., “Consequences of the diaphragm driven artificial heart-animal implantation and mock circulation studies.”, 1973, CHEST, 63 (4), p.589-597

  However, the fluid circulation device described in Patent Document 1 does not have an atrial contraction element, and particularly when applied to a model circulation system of a low pressure system or a right heart system, it lacks accuracy, reproducibility, and validity. There was a problem.

By the way, for example, prosthetic valves made of various materials have been developed for patients with end-stage valvular heart disease who have irreversibly destroyed valves. Although it has been established, the development of low-pressure right heart circulatory prosthetic valves has not progressed much. Since the pulmonary circulatory system, which is the right heart system, circulates blood at a low pressure, the pressure difference and the washout effect before and after the artificial valve are different from those of the left heart system, and blood clot formation is likely to occur. In the right-pressure circulatory system with a low pressure system, the influence of atrial contraction is relatively large.
There is a pressure difference of 100 mmHg or more between the left atrium and the left ventricle, the mitral valve is passively closed with a large pressure difference, and the mitral valve behaves due to mechanical pressure. In contrast, the pressure difference between the right atrium and the right ventricle is around 10 mmHg, and the complicated pressure difference, fluid behavior, and blood flow vector determine the behavior of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Therefore, unlike the left heart system that behaves passively with a large pressure difference, the effect on the valve behavior due to contraction of the right atrium is greater in the right-handed system.
For example, in the Fontan circulatory system enforced for congenital malformations, bypassing the right ventricle without using an artificial valve and directly connecting the vena cava and the pulmonary artery without passing through the valve, A maintenance operation was performed.
However, the model circulatory system that reproduces atrial contraction is not known, and the simulated blood circulatory system cannot be reproduced. In particular, unlike the left cardiac system, the simulated blood circulatory system of the right heart system can be reproduced. could not.
For this reason, there is a demand for a blood circulation simulation device that can be used to develop an artificial organ such as an artificial valve and that can simulate a blood circulation system with high accuracy. In particular, there is a demand for a blood circulation simulation device that can accurately simulate a right-circulatory blood circulation system that is a low-pressure system.

  This invention makes it an example of a subject to cope with such a problem. That is, to provide a blood circulation simulator having a simulated atrium capable of simulating a blood circulation system with high accuracy with a simple configuration, for example, an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an auxiliary artificial heart, a total replacement artificial heart It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for testing an artificial organ using a blood circulation simulator that can easily and objectively evaluate such an artificial organ.

In order to achieve such an object, the blood circulation simulator of the present invention comprises at least the following configuration.
A blood circulation simulation device including a simulated atrium for circulating simulated blood in a circulation channel,
A simulated vein provided in the circulation channel and storing the simulated blood;
A simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated vein;
A first artificial valve provided on the downstream side of the simulated atrium to regulate the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated ventricle provided downstream of the first prosthetic valve;
A second artificial valve that is provided downstream of the simulated ventricle and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated artery provided downstream of the second artificial valve and communicating with the simulated vein via the circulation channel;
The simulated atrium includes a housing,
An elastic diaphragm that divides the housing into an air chamber and a liquid chamber;
An inlet and an outlet of the simulated blood provided in the housing and communicating with the liquid chamber;
The blood circulation simulation device has drive control means for deforming the diaphragm by supplying / exhausting air to the air chamber and discharging the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outlet by changing the volume of the liquid chamber. Features.

  The artificial organ testing method using the blood circulation simulator of the present invention includes at least an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an auxiliary artificial heart, and a total replacement in the circulation channel of the blood circulation simulator including the simulated atrium of the present invention. A type artificial heart is attached, and the artificial blood discharged from the simulated atrium is flowed into the artificial organ, and the artificial organ is tested.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulated atrium which can simulate a blood circulation system with a simple structure with high precision can be provided.
In addition, according to the present invention, an artificial organ test using a blood circulation simulator that can easily and objectively evaluate an artificial organ such as an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an auxiliary artificial heart, or a total replacement artificial heart. A method can be provided.

The conceptual diagram which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulation atrium which concerns on embodiment of this invention (The blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulation right atrium, the simulation right ventricle, the simulation left atrium, and the simulation left ventricle). The figure which shows an example of the simulated atrium which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is a perspective view of a simulated atrium, (b) is a disassembled perspective view of the simulated atrium shown to (a). The figure which shows an example of operation | movement of the simulated heart model as a natural heart and a blood circulation simulation apparatus, (a)-(e) is a figure regarding a natural heart, (f)-(j) is a figure regarding a simulated heart (model). (A) is atrial contraction, (b) is isovolumetric contraction, (c) is rapid ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, (d) is isovolumetric relaxation, (e) is rapid ventricular filling / slow ventricle. (F) is simulated atrium, (g) is isovolumetric contraction, (h) is rapid ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, (i) is isovolumetric relaxation (ventricular model), (j) is rapid The figure which shows each ventricular filling / slow ventricular filling. The figure which shows the time change of the left and right atrium of the heart, and the pressure of the left and right ventricle, (a) is a schematic diagram of the heart, (b) is the time change of aortic pressure, left heart pressure, right ventricular pressure, left atrial pressure and right atrial pressure. The figure which shows an example. The figure which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulation right atrium and the simulation right ventricle. The photograph which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulation right atrium and the simulation right ventricle. The figure which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with the simulation left atrium and the simulation left ventricle. The photograph which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus which attached the rotary pump type artificial heart. The figure which shows an example of the blood circulation simulation apparatus which attached the rotation type artificial heart (rotary pump type). The figure which shows an example of the state which removed the left and right ventricles of the heart of the animal, and exposed the connection part which connects a rotation pump to the left and right atrium. The graph which shows an example of the pressure capacity curve regarding the left atrial contraction measured by the animal experiment. The graph which shows an example of the pressure capacity curve of the atrial contraction in the blood circulation simulation apparatus shown in FIG. The figure which shows an example of the artificial blood vessel which has a part imitating Valsalva sinus.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The embodiment of the present invention includes the contents shown in the drawings, but is not limited to this. In the following description of each drawing, parts that are common to the parts that have already been described are assigned the same reference numerals, and duplicate descriptions are partially omitted.

A blood circulation simulation apparatus including a simulated atrium according to an embodiment of the present invention can simulate a blood circulation system of a living body such as a human with high accuracy. This blood circulation simulation device is used, for example, for the development of artificial organs such as a total replacement artificial heart, an auxiliary artificial heart, an artificial blood vessel, and an artificial valve. Specifically, this blood circulation simulation apparatus includes a simulated atrium, a simulated ventricle, and the like, and can accurately simulate the atrial movement, the ventricular movement, the pulsating flow, and the like.
In addition, this blood circulation simulation device can easily adjust the strength and timing of atrial contraction, the strength of contraction and expansion of a ventricle, the timing thereof, and the like.
In addition, an artificial organ can be attached to a vascular circulation simulation device, data relating to the artificial organ can be easily acquired, and various tests relating to the artificial organ can be easily performed.

There is a pressure difference of 100 mmHg or more between the left atrium and the left ventricle, the mitral valve is passively closed with a large pressure difference, and the prosthetic valve behaves in the presence of mechanical pressure, whereas the right atrium and The pressure difference in the right ventricle is around 10 mmHg, and the complex pressure difference, fluid behavior, and blood flow vector determine the behavior of the tricuspid and pulmonary valves. Therefore, unlike the left heart system that behaves passively with a large pressure difference, the effect on the valve behavior due to contraction of the right atrium is significant.
The blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention is driven to contract the simulated atrium and simulated ventricle in an appropriate time span (timing) with contraction timing and contraction force equivalent to the right atrial contraction and right ventricular contraction of the human body. Take control. In this way, the first system in the world that can accurately reproduce the right heart system of the human body is realized.
The blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the present invention is configured to contract the simulated atrium and the simulated ventricle in an appropriate time span (timing) with contraction timing and contraction force equivalent to the left atrial contraction and the left ventricular contraction of the human body. It is also possible to perform drive control.
That is, the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention can accurately reproduce the right heart system and / or the left heart system of the human body.

  A blood circulation simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus that simulates a blood circulatory system such as a human body or an animal. Examples of simulated blood include water, saline, and a glycerin solution that simulates the viscosity of blood. The fluid (liquid) is configured to circulate through the circulation channel by one or a plurality of pumps simulating each component of the heart. In this embodiment, the blood circulation simulation device includes a simulated right atrium and simulated left atrium as simulated atriums, a simulated right ventricle and simulated left ventricle as simulated ventricles, an artificial valve (simulated valve), a simulated artery, a simulated vein, and a control unit. Have.

The simulated atrium is arranged upstream of the simulated ventricle, has a function of temporarily storing simulated blood, a relatively small pump function, and the like, and discharges simulated blood to the simulated ventricle at a predetermined timing.
The simulated ventricle is disposed downstream of the simulated atrium, has a relatively large pump function, and the like, and discharges simulated blood from the simulated atrium to the simulated pulmonary artery and the simulated aorta at a predetermined timing.

  Specifically, the blood circulation simulation apparatus includes a simulated right atrium 11 as a simulated atrium, an artificial valve 12 (simulated valve) that simulates a tricuspid valve, a simulated right ventricle 13 as a simulated ventricle, and a simulated right ventricular solenoid valve. 51 (air valve), artificial valve 14 simulating a pulmonary valve (simulated valve), simulated pulmonary artery 15, flow path resistance unit 16, simulated left atrium 17 as a simulated atrium, and mitral valve (bicuspid valve) ), A simulated left ventricle 19 as a simulated ventricle, a simulated left ventricular solenoid valve 52 (air valve), an artificial valve 20 (simulated valve) simulating an aortic valve, Aorta 21 (aortic model), flow path resistance unit 22, simulated vein 23 (venous model, venous pressure tank), flow paths 31 to 37 as circulation flow paths such as pipes, and drive device 40 (pneumatic drive device) Etc.), control unit 50, sensors 60-69, and measuring device With 0, and the like.

  In the present embodiment, the simulated vein 23, the simulated right atrium 11, the artificial valve 12, the simulated right ventricle 13, the simulated pulmonary artery 15, the simulated left atrium 17, the simulated left ventricle 19, the simulated aorta 21 and the like are sequentially connected via the circulation channel. The blood circulation simulation device is configured so that the simulated blood is circulated in order within the constituent elements.

  Specifically, the inflow port of the simulated vein 23 is connected so as to communicate with the flow path 37. The outlet of the simulated vein 23 is connected so as to communicate with the flow path 31. The downstream side of the flow path 31 is connected so as to communicate with the inlet of the simulated right atrium 11. The outlet of the simulated right atrium 11 is connected so as to communicate with the flow path 32. The flow path 32 is provided with an artificial valve 12 that regulates the flow of the simulated blood from the upstream side to the downstream side.

Further, the simulated right ventricle 13 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 32 so as to communicate therewith. A flow path 33 is connected to the downstream side of the simulated right ventricle 13 so as to communicate therewith. The channel 33 is provided with an artificial valve 14 that regulates the flow of the simulated blood from the upstream side to the downstream side.
The simulated pulmonary artery 15 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 33 so as to communicate therewith. A flow path 34 is connected to communicate with the downstream side of the simulated pulmonary artery. The flow path resistance portion 16 is provided in the flow path 34.

The inflow port of the simulated left atrium 17 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 34 so as to communicate therewith. The flow path 35 is connected to the outflow port of the simulated left atrium 17 so as to communicate therewith. The flow path 35 is provided with an artificial valve 18 that regulates the flow of simulated blood from the upstream side to the downstream side.
An inflow port of the simulated left ventricle 19 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 35 so as to communicate therewith. The flow path 36 is connected to the outflow port of the simulated left ventricle 19 so as to communicate therewith. The flow path 36 is provided with an artificial valve 20 that regulates the flow of the simulated blood from the upstream side to the downstream side.
The simulated aorta 21 communicates with the downstream side of the flow path 36. A flow path 37 is connected to the downstream side of the simulated aorta 21 so as to communicate therewith. The flow path resistance portion 22 is provided in the flow path 37. As described above, the simulated vein 23 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 37 so as to communicate therewith.

  Sensors 60 to 69 such as a flow sensor and a pressure sensor are electrically connected to the measuring device 70. The control unit 50 connected to the measuring device 70 can test an artificial organ or the like based on signals indicating pressure, flow rate, and the like from sensors 60 to 69 provided at predetermined locations. For example, the control unit 50 may perform a process of displaying a signal from the sensor on a display unit (not shown).

An example of installation positions of sensors 60 to 69 such as a pressure sensor, a flow rate sensor, and a liquid level sensor will be described.
The sensor 60 is provided in the tank of the simulated vein 23, the sensor 61 is provided in the flow path 31, the sensor 62 is provided in the flow path 32, and the sensor 63 is provided on the upstream side of the artificial valve 14 in the flow path 33. 64 is provided on the downstream side of the artificial valve 14 in the flow path 33, the sensor 65 is provided in the flow path 34, the sensor 66 is provided in the flow path 35, and the sensor 67 is provided on the upstream side of the artificial valve 20 in the flow path 36. The sensor 68 is provided on the downstream side of the artificial valve 20 in the flow path 36, and the sensor 69 is provided in the flow path 37.

  The sensors 60 to 69 are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and a desired sensor may be provided as necessary.

  The simulated right atrium 11, artificial valve 12 simulating tricuspid valve, simulated right ventricle 13, artificial valve 14 simulating pulmonary valve, simulated pulmonary artery 15, simulated left atrium 17, mitral valve (bicuspid valve) The artificial valve 18, the simulated left ventricle 19, the artificial valve 20 simulating the aortic valve, the simulated aorta 21, the simulated vein 23 (venous model, venous pressure tank), etc. are connected to the circulation channel via an attachment portion (not shown). On the other hand, it may be configured to be detachable.

  Pipes as air passages are connected to the simulated right atrium 11, the simulated right ventricle 13, the simulated left atrium 17, and the simulated left ventricle 19 from a driving device 40 such as an air driving device equipped with a compressed air tank or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the driving device 40 and the measuring device 70 are electrically connected to the control unit 50. The control unit 50 is electrically connected to a simulated right ventricular solenoid valve 51 provided in the simulated right ventricle 13. In addition, a simulated left ventricular solenoid valve 52 provided in the simulated left ventricle 19 is electrically connected to the control unit 50.

  Next, each component of the blood circulation simulation device will be described.

  The simulated vein 23 simulating a vein is a venous pressure tank that stores simulated blood, and can store a predetermined amount of simulated blood. In the present embodiment, the tank that is the simulated vein 23 is a container having an opening at the top, and can be a sealed tank by providing a lid as necessary. The height of the simulated blood level stored in the tank of the simulated vein 23 and the pressure of the simulated blood are defined so as to simulate the vein.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a simulated atrium according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, FIG. 2 (a) is a perspective view of a simulated atrium. FIG. 2B is an exploded perspective view of the simulated atrium shown in FIG. The simulated right atrium 11 and simulated left atrium 17 as simulated atriums have substantially the same structure in this embodiment. Hereinafter, the simulated right atrium 11 will be described. Since the simulated left atrium 17 has substantially the same structure as the simulated right atrium 11, description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, the simulated right atrium 11 is an air-driven pump that uses air as a drive source. A fluid such as gas or liquid may be employed as a driving source for the simulated atrium.

  The simulated right atrium 11 includes a housing such as a convex member 11b, a cylindrical member 11f, and a concave member 11h, an elastic diaphragm 11d that divides the housing into an air chamber and a liquid chamber that temporarily stores simulated blood, and a housing. And a simulated blood inlet 11s and outlet 11t communicating with the liquid chamber, an air supply / exhaust port 11k communicating with the air chamber, and the like. The simulated right atrium 11 includes a ring member 11a, a diaphragm 11d, ring-shaped seal members 11c, 11e, and 11g.

  The ring member 11a, the convex member 11b, the ring-shaped seal member 11c, the diaphragm 11d, the ring-shaped seal member 11e, the cylindrical member 11f, the seal member 11g, and the concave member 11h are arranged in this order, and a bolt or the like is fixed. It has a structure in which the vicinity of each component is fixed by a member or an adhesive.

  The ring member 11a, the convex member 11b, the cylindrical member 11f, and the concave member 11h are formed of a predetermined material such as a polymer resin material.

  The convex member 11b has a ring-shaped flat part in the peripheral part and a convex part provided in the flat part, and the flat part and the convex part are integrally formed.

  The seal members 11c, 11e, and 11g are made of, for example, a resin seal ring (for example, ePTFE (stretched porous polytetrafluoroethylene) seal ring) formed of a resin material such as a fluororesin.

  The diaphragm 11d is made of a predetermined material such as a rubber-based resin material, and for example, a rubber film (a rubber film such as a Latex membrane) can be adopted. In the present embodiment, the diaphragm 11d is a disc. It is formed into a shape and is elastically deformable.

The cylindrical member 11f includes a cylindrical main body having a substantially cylindrical shape and a predetermined height, and an inlet 11s and an outlet 11t formed on a side surface of the cylindrical main body.
The concave member 11h has a ring-shaped flat part in the peripheral part and a concave part provided in the flat part, and the flat part and the concave part are integrally formed.

  As described above, the diaphragm 11d partitions the inside of the housing such as the convex member 11b, the cylindrical member 11f, and the concave member 11h into an air chamber and a liquid chamber.

The air chamber is a space surrounded by the convex member 11b, the seal member 11c, and the diaphragm 11d. The liquid chamber is a space surrounded by the diaphragm 11d, the seal member 11e, the cylindrical member 11f, the seal member 11g, and the concave member 11h. The volume of the liquid chamber corresponds to a volume for temporarily storing simulated blood in the simulated ventricle (simulated right atrium and simulated left atrium). The liquid chamber is configured to communicate with the inlet 11s and the outlet 11t.
In the present embodiment, the inflow port 11s, the center of the cylindrical member 11f, and the outflow port 11t are configured to be in a straight line. By doing so, the simulated atrium can smoothly flow out the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outflow port 11t. The arrangement of the inlet 11s and the outlet 11t is not limited to this form.

  The drive device 40 and the control unit 50 as drive control means deform the diaphragm 11d by supplying and exhausting air to and from an air chamber such as the simulated right atrium 11 as a simulated atrium, and change the volume of the liquid chamber to simulate blood. A pulsating flow is discharged from the outlet 11t.

In the present embodiment, the volume of the liquid chambers of the simulated right atrium 11 and the simulated left atrium 17 is configured to be smaller than the volume of the liquid chambers of the simulated right ventricle 13 and the simulated left ventricle 19.
The pressure of the air supplied to the low pressure system simulated right atrium 11 is smaller than the pressure of the air supplied to the simulated left atrium 17. That is, the pressure of the simulated blood in the simulated right atrium 11 is smaller than the pressure of the simulated blood in the simulated left atrium 17.
Further, the pressure of air supplied to the simulated right atrium 11 is smaller than the pressure of air supplied to the simulated right ventricle 13. By doing so, a simulated atrium and simulated ventricle that simulates the right atrium and the left atrium of a human body with high accuracy are realized.
With the heart, unlike the left heart system, which behaves passively with large pressure differences, the impact of the right atrial contraction on the valve behavior is significant. Therefore, the blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the present invention contracts the simulated atrium and the simulated ventricle in an appropriate time span (timing) with contraction timing and contraction force equivalent to the right atrial contraction and right ventricular contraction of the human body. Control as follows. In addition, the blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the present invention is configured to appropriately connect the simulated atrium and the simulated ventricle with the same contraction timing and contraction force for the left atrial contraction, left ventricular contraction, right atrial contraction, and right ventricular contraction. Control is performed so as to perform contraction at the pan (timing).
In addition, the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention includes a simulated atrium and a simulated ventricle so as to reproduce the pathology of the human heart with respect to left atrial contraction, left ventricular contraction, right atrial contraction, and right ventricular contraction of the human body. Contraction control is performed with a predetermined contraction timing and contraction force.

  The simulated right ventricle 13 and the simulated left ventricle 19 as simulated ventricles have substantially the same structure in this embodiment. Hereinafter, the simulated right ventricle 13 will be described.

  In this embodiment, the simulated right ventricle 13 includes a cylindrical tubular member and a diaphragm 13a provided in the tubular member. The diaphragm 13a has a substantially conical shape, has elasticity, and is freely deformable. The diaphragm 13a has a shape simulating a ventricle. The inside of the cylindrical member is divided into a liquid chamber and an air chamber by a diaphragm 13a. The liquid chamber of the cylindrical member is provided with a simulated blood inlet and outlet. A pipe connected to the driving device 40 is arranged in the air chamber of the cylindrical member. A simulated right ventricular solenoid valve 51 is provided in the air chamber of the cylindrical member.

  An example of the operation of the simulated right ventricle 13 by the control unit 50 and the drive device 40 as drive control means will be described.

The control unit 50 closes the simulated right ventricular solenoid valve 51 (air valve). When compressed air is supplied from the driving device 40 to the air chamber of the simulated right ventricle 13, the diaphragm 13a contracts, the volume of the liquid chamber decreases, and simulated blood is discharged from the outlet.
Next, the drive device 40 exhausts air from the air chamber of the simulated right ventricle 13, and the control unit 50 opens the simulated right ventricle electromagnetic valve 51 (air valve). Then, the diaphragm 13a expands, the volume of the liquid chamber increases, and the simulated blood flows into the liquid chamber from the inlet.

  Since the simulated left ventricle 19 has substantially the same structure as the simulated right ventricle 13, a description thereof will be omitted. The diaphragm 19 a of the simulated left ventricle 19 corresponds to the diaphragm 13 a of the simulated right ventricle 13. The simulated left ventricular solenoid valve 52 (air valve) corresponds to the simulated right ventricular solenoid valve 51 (air valve).

Artificial valve 12 simulating a tricuspid valve, artificial valve 14 simulating a pulmonary valve, artificial valve 18 simulating a mitral valve (bicuspid valve), artificial valve 20 simulating an aortic valve (simulated valve) Is arranged at a predetermined position of the circulation channel as described above. Examples of the artificial valve include a mechanical valve and a biological valve.
The mechanical valve is formed from a predetermined material such as metal or resin. Examples of the biological valve include a valve formed from a part of the heart of an animal other than a human, a valve formed from a part of a human heart other than itself, and a valve formed from a part of the own heart.
The artificial valve 20 may be a tricuspid valve, a bicuspid valve, a monocuspid valve, a jellyfish valve, or the like.

For example, the artificial valve 12 is open when the internal pressure of the simulated right atrium 11 is higher than the internal pressure of the simulated right ventricle 13, and is closed when the internal pressure of the simulated right atrium 11 is lower than the internal pressure of the simulated right ventricle 13. .
Further, from the viewpoint of fluid dynamics related to simulated blood (fluid) inside the simulated right atrium 11 simulating the shape of the right atrium, when a fluid force vector acts in the opening direction of the artificial valve 12, the simulated right atrium 11 and Even if the pressure difference of the simulated right ventricle 13 is small, it can be opened in the same manner as the tricuspid valve of the human body. For this reason, a precise simulation becomes possible.
Further, from the viewpoint of fluid dynamics related to simulated blood (fluid) inside the simulated right ventricle 13 simulating the shape of the right ventricle, when a fluid force vector acts in the closing direction of the artificial valve 12, the tricuspid valve of the human body Similarly, the artificial valve 12 can be closed. For this reason, a precise simulation becomes possible.

The artificial valve 14 is opened when a pressure difference is generated between the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve, or when a force vector of fluid acts in the opening direction of the artificial valve 14, and the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve are opened. When the pressure difference disappears between the two sides, or when the force vector of the fluid acts in the closing direction of the artificial valve 14, the closed state is established.
The artificial valve 18 is opened when a pressure difference occurs between the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve, or when a fluid force vector acts in the opening direction of the artificial valve 18, and the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve. When the pressure difference disappears between the two sides, or when the fluid force vector acts in the closing direction of the artificial valve 18, the closed state is established.
The artificial valve 20 is opened when a pressure difference occurs between the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve, or when a fluid force vector acts in the opening direction of the artificial valve 20, and the upstream side and the downstream side of the valve. When the pressure difference disappears between the two sides, or when the fluid force vector acts in the closing direction of the artificial valve 20, the closed state is established.

  The simulated pulmonary artery 15 and the simulated aorta 21 (aortic model) are, for example, cylindrical members formed of a predetermined material such as fiber. In detail, the raw material comprised with elastic materials, such as elastic rubber and an elastic plastic, corresponds.

  The channel resistance unit 16 and the channel resistance unit 22 are provided in a channel downstream of the simulated artery such as the simulated pulmonary artery 15 and the simulated aorta 21 (aorta model). The flow path resistance parts 16 and 22 have a reduced diameter part having a smaller cross-sectional area than that of a normal flow path. The reduced diameter portion is configured to be set so as to have a predetermined cross-sectional area. As the flow path resistance units 16 and 22, for example, various valves such as a gate valve, a butterfly valve, and a flow path branching type material can be employed.

  The drive device 40 is, for example, a pneumatic drive device provided with a compressed air tank or the like. Under the control of the control unit 50, each of the simulated right atrium 11, simulated right ventricle 13, simulated left atrium 17, and simulated left ventricle 19 Air is supplied or exhausted through a pipe as a passage.

  For example, the measurement device 70 receives signals from the various sensors 60 to 69 and transmits the signals to the control unit 50 under the control of the control unit 50. The control unit 50 can easily acquire data (for example, flow rate data, pressure data, etc.) regarding the artificial organ attached to the blood circulation simulation device based on the signal from the measurement device 70.

  The control unit 50 comprehensively controls each component of the blood circulation simulation device. The control unit 50 includes a computer having a CPU, RAM, ROM, storage device, display unit, operation input unit, and the like. The control unit 50 causes the blood circulation simulation device to realize the function according to the present invention by executing a program.

The drive unit 40 and the control unit 50 as drive control means deform the diaphragm of the simulated atrium by supplying and exhausting air to and from the air chamber of the simulated atrium, and flow the simulated blood pulsating flow by changing the volume of the liquid chamber of the simulated atrium. Control to discharge from the outlet.
The drive control means performs air driving at a first pressure for the diaphragm of the simulated atrium, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, drives the air at a second pressure higher than the first pressure with respect to the diaphragm of the simulated ventricle. Control to perform. By doing so, the blood circulation system can be simulated with high accuracy.

  Next, an example of the pressure of simulated blood in each component in the blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention when a general adult blood circulation system is simulated will be described.

The pressure in the simulated right atrium 11 is 2-8 mmHg.
The pressure in the simulated right ventricle 13 is 15 to 30 mmHg (diastolic pressure) and 2 to 8 mmHg (systolic pressure).
The pressure of the simulated left atrium 17 is 2 to 18 mmHg.
The pressure of the simulated left ventricle 19 is 18 to 30 mmHg (diastolic pressure) and 80 to 200 mmHg (systolic pressure).
The pressure in the tube of the simulated pulmonary artery 15 is 2 to 8 mmHg (diastolic pressure) and 15 to 200 mmHg (systolic pressure).
The pressure in the tube of the simulated aorta 21 is 80 to 200 mmHg (diastolic pressure) and 80 to 200 mmHg (systolic pressure).
Note that pulse pressure is lost in a rotary artificial heart. Moreover, the patient of hypertension is about 200 mmHg.
However, 1 mmHg is about 133.3224 Pa (pascal).

  The drive device 40 and the control unit 50 as drive control means perform drive control so that the pressure of the simulated blood in each component of the blood circulation simulation device becomes the value described above.

Moreover, the pressure in the flow path between the simulated right atrium 11 and the simulated right ventricle 13 is 1 to 20 mmHg.
The pressure in the flow path between the simulated right ventricle 13 and the simulated pulmonary artery 15 is 5 to 40 mmHg.
The pressure in the flow path between the simulated left atrium 17 and the simulated left ventricle 19 is 20 to 200 mmHg.
The pressure in the flow path between the simulated left ventricle 19 and the simulated aorta 21 is 20 to 200 mmHg.

<Example of operation>
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of a simulated heart model as a natural heart and blood circulation simulator.
Specifically, FIGS. 3A to 3E are diagrams relating to the natural heart. Specifically, FIG. 3A is an atrial contraction, FIG. 3B is an isovolumetric contraction, and FIG. (C) is rapid ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, FIG. 3 (d) is an isovolumetric relaxation, and FIG. 3 (e) is a diagram illustrating rapid ventricular filling / slow ventricular filling.
As shown in FIGS. 3 (a) to 3 (e), the human heart is composed of atrial contraction, isovolumetric contraction, rapid ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, isovolumetric relaxation, rapid ventricular filling / slow ventricle. The operation is repeated in order.

  3 (f) to 3 (j) are diagrams relating to a simulated heart (model). Specifically, FIG. 3 (f) is a simulated atrium, FIG. 3 (g) is an isovolumetric contraction, and FIG. h) shows rapid ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, FIG. 3 (i) shows isovolumetric relaxation (ventricular model), and FIG. 3 (j) shows rapid ventricular filling / slow ventricular filling.

In the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention, the drive device 40 and the control unit 50 as drive control means deform the diaphragm of the simulated atrium by supplying and exhausting air to the air chamber of the simulated atrium, and the liquid chamber of the simulated atrium Control is performed to discharge the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outlet by changing the volume. The drive control means performs air driving at a first pressure for the diaphragm of the simulated atrium, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, drives the air at a second pressure higher than the first pressure with respect to the diaphragm of the simulated ventricle. Control to perform.
Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 (f) to 3 (j), the drive device 40 and the control unit 50 as the drive control means of the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention have an atrial contraction, an isovolumetric contraction, a rapid contraction. Each component is controlled at a predetermined timing so as to sequentially repeat ventricular ejection / slow ventricular ejection, isovolumetric relaxation, rapid ventricular filling / slow ventricular filling.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing temporal changes in pressure in the left and right atria and left and right ventricles of the heart. Specifically, FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of the heart, and FIG. 4 (b) is a diagram showing an example of temporal changes in aortic pressure, left heart pressure, right ventricular pressure, left atrial pressure, and right atrial pressure.
In FIG.4 (b), time is shown on a horizontal axis and a pressure is shown on a vertical axis | shaft. 4B, the left ventricular pressure (left ventricular pressure) is indicated by a thick solid line, the right ventricular pressure (right ventricular pressure) is indicated by a one-dot chain line, and the left atrial pressure (left atrial chamber pressure) is It is indicated by a broken line, right atrial pressure (right atrial chamber pressure) is indicated by a two-dot chain line, and aortic pressure is indicated by a thin solid line.

In the human heart, the atrial pressure and the right atrial pressure are increased by the contraction of the left atrium and the contraction of the right atrium before the rapid increase in the left and right ventricular pressures.
The drive device 40 and the control unit 50 as the drive control means of the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention, for example, simulate the pressure change in each atrium or each ventricle of the human heart shown in FIG. Air is driven at a first pressure to the diaphragms of the simulated left atrium and the simulated right atrium, and after a predetermined time, the diaphragm is moved from the first pressure to the diaphragm of the simulated ventricle (simulated left ventricle, simulated right ventricle). The control is performed to drive the air with a high second pressure.
As described above, the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention is applied to the simulated left atrium and the simulated right atrium at a predetermined timing before the left ventricular pressure of the simulated left ventricle and the right ventricular pressure of the simulated right ventricle are suddenly increased. On the other hand, by performing contraction with a predetermined contraction force, the human heart can be simulated with high accuracy.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a blood circulation simulation apparatus including a simulated right atrium 11 and a simulated right ventricle 13. FIG. 6 is a photograph showing an example of a blood circulation simulation apparatus provided with a simulated right atrium 11 and a simulated right ventricle 13. The blood circulation simulation device according to the present embodiment is an example of simulating a right heart blood circulation system. Specifically, the blood circulation simulation device of this embodiment has a configuration in which the simulated left atrium, simulated left ventricle, and the like are removed from the blood circulation simulation device shown in FIG.

Specifically, the blood circulation simulation apparatus shown in FIG. 5 includes a simulated right atrium 11, an artificial valve 12, a simulated right ventricle 13, a simulated right ventricular solenoid valve 51 (air valve), and an artificial valve 14 (simulated). Valve), simulated pulmonary artery 15, flow path resistance unit 22, simulated vein 23 (venous model, venous pressure tank), flow paths 31 to 33, 341 as circulation flow paths such as pipes, and drive device 40 ( A pneumatic drive device), a control unit 50, sensors 60 to 65, 69, a measuring device 70, and the like.
In FIG. 6, a sensor 63 provided between the simulated right ventricle 13 and the artificial valve 14 to be measured is a blood flow sensor.

A flow path 341 is connected to the downstream side of the simulated pulmonary artery 15 so as to communicate therewith. A flow path resistance unit 16 is provided in the flow path 341. A flow path 37 is provided on the downstream side of the flow path 341 through the flow path resistance portion 22 so as to be freely communicated, and the flow path 37 is connected to the simulated vein 23.
The other components of the blood circulation simulation device of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the blood circulation simulation device shown in FIG.

The blood circulation simulation device of the present embodiment simulates the blood circulation system of the right heart system. Compared with the blood circulation system of the left heart system, the blood circulation simulation apparatus of the simulated right atrium 11 and the simulation right ventricle 13 The pressure is set low, and the entire system is a low pressure system. Therefore, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that simulates the blood circulation system of the right heart system with high accuracy.
Also, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that can attach an artificial organ such as a right heart artificial valve or an artificial blood vessel to the blood circulation simulation device and can easily and objectively test the artificial organ. it can.

  Further, in the blood circulation simulation apparatus shown in the figure, the simulated vein 23 is provided with two water storage tanks and a pipe communicating the water storage tanks.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a blood circulation simulation apparatus including a simulated left atrium 17 and a simulated left ventricle 19. The blood circulation simulation device of this embodiment is an example that simulates the blood circulation system of the left heart system. Specifically, the blood circulation simulation apparatus shown in FIG. 7 has a configuration in which the simulated right atrium, the simulated right ventricle, and the like are removed from the blood circulation simulation apparatus shown in FIG.

  Specifically, the blood circulation simulator shown in FIG. 7 includes a flow path resistance unit 16, a simulated left atrium 17 as a simulated atrium, and an artificial valve 18 (simulated valve) that simulates a mitral valve (bicuspid valve). ), A simulated left ventricle 19 as a simulated ventricle, a simulated left ventricular solenoid valve 52 (air valve), an artificial valve 20 (simulated valve) simulating an aortic valve, a simulated aorta 21 (aortic model), and a flow path A resistance unit 22, a simulated vein 23 (vein model, venous pressure tank), flow paths 311 and 34 to 37 as circulation flow paths such as pipes, a drive device 40 (pneumatic drive device, etc.), and a control unit 50 , Sensors 60 to 69, a measuring device 70, and the like.

  A flow path 311 is connected to the downstream side of the simulated vein 23. A sensor 61 is provided in the flow path 311. A flow path 34 is connected to the downstream side of the flow path 311 via the flow path resistance portion 16. The other components of the blood circulation simulation device of this embodiment are substantially the same as those of the blood circulation simulation device shown in FIG.

The blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the present embodiment simulates the blood circulation system of the left heart system. Compared with the blood circulation system of the right heart system, the blood circulation simulation apparatus of the simulated left atrium 17 and the simulated left ventricle 19 The pressure is set high, and the whole is a high pressure system. Therefore, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that simulates the blood circulation system of the left heart system with high accuracy.
Also, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device in which an artificial organ such as a left heart artificial valve or an artificial blood vessel is attached to the blood circulation simulation device, and a test on the artificial organ can be easily and objectively performed. it can.

FIG. 8 is a photograph showing an example of a blood circulation simulation apparatus equipped with a rotary pump type artificial heart. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of a blood circulation simulation apparatus to which a rotary pump type artificial heart is attached.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a rotary pump artificial heart 191 (rotary artificial heart) is attached to the blood circulation simulation device of this embodiment. Specifically, the rotary pump artificial heart 191 is provided at that position instead of the simulated left ventricle 19. The rotary pump artificial heart may be provided instead of the simulated right ventricle 13. Further, each of the simulated left ventricle 19 and the simulated right ventricle 13 may be replaced with a rotary pump type artificial heart.
When a rotary pump type artificial heart is attached to a blood circulation simulator, the simulated blood is not a pulsating flow but a continuous flow.

  Provided a blood circulation simulator that can easily and objectively test a rotary pump artificial heart even when a rotary pump artificial heart that discharges a continuous flow of simulated blood is attached to the blood circulation simulator can do.

<Experiment>
The inventor of the present application conducted an experiment to confirm the effect of the blood circulation simulation device according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a state in which the left and right ventricles of the animal's heart are removed, and the connection portion connecting the rotary pump to the left and right atrium is exposed. FIG. 11 is a graph showing an example of a pressure capacity curve related to left atrial contraction measured in an animal experiment. In FIG. 11, the horizontal axis shows the volume in the left atrium, and the vertical axis shows the pressure in the left atrium.
In FIG. 10, an aortic blood supply part 81 and a pulmonary artery blood supply part 82 are attached to the heart of an animal from which the left and right ventricles are removed. In addition, a connection portion 85 is provided in the left atrium 83 and a connection portion 86 is provided in the right atrium 84.
The connecting portion 85 is provided so as to communicate with the left atrium 83 and is connected to the input side of the simulated left ventricle (pump).
The connecting portion 86 is provided so as to communicate with the right atrium 84 and is connected to the input side of the simulated right ventricle (pump).

Specifically, FIG. 11 shows details of calculating the volume of the right atrium or the left atrium based on the blood flow value of the right atrium or the left atrium of the animal, and the volume value of the right atrium or the left atrium. The pressure value is plotted. Moreover, regarding the straight line shown in FIG. 11, the gradient of the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship indicates the maximum elastic modulus (Emax) of the atrium. With this index, the inotropic effect of cardiac function can be quantified.
A specific calculation method will be briefly described. For atrial beats, the atrial blood flow value and atrial pressure value are measured and plotted, for example, as shown in FIG. 11, and the point on the left shoulder of the atrial heartbeat curve is noted. Then, a regression line is calculated for a plurality of points corresponding to the right shoulder point of the curve obtained in a predetermined number of cycles (a plurality of heartbeats).

FIG. 12 is a graph showing an example of a pressure capacity curve of atrial contraction in the blood circulation simulator shown in FIG. In FIG. 12, the horizontal axis shows the volume in the left atrium, and the vertical axis shows the pressure in the left atrium. Further, regarding the straight line shown in FIG. 12, the gradient Emax related to the end-systolic pressure-volume represents the maximum elastic modulus of the atrium.
Specifically, FIG. 12 shows the result of pressure / volume measurement for the simulated left atrium 17 shown in FIG. Specifically, the volume of the simulated left atrium 17 is calculated based on the flow rate value provided by the flow meter provided in the simulated left atrium 17, and the volume value and the measured value (pressure value) by the pressure sensor provided in the simulated left atrium 17 are calculated. And plot. Specifically, FIG. 12 is an example of a pressure capacity curve of atrial contraction in a blood circulation simulation device constructed based on a change in elastic modulus based on a time series result of pressure capacity analysis of atrial contraction measured in an animal experiment. .

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the blood circulation simulator specifically adjusts various parameters such as positive pressure of contraction, negative pressure, contraction time, and timing of contraction of the atrium and ventricle. As a result, the pressure-capacity curve obtained by animal experiments can be reproduced.
In the blood circulation simulation apparatus, for example, by setting the volume, pressure change, and elastic modulus of the simulated atrium or simulated ventricle to predetermined values, blood circulation systems in various states can be reproduced with high accuracy.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that can accurately reproduce a change in elastic modulus according to the state of a sick patient.
In addition, precise elastic modulus simulation simulating the circulatory system of a living body becomes possible, which can be beneficial for artificial organ development.

As described above, the blood circulation simulation apparatus including the simulated atrium according to the present invention is configured to circulate simulated blood in the circulation channel.
This blood circulation simulation device is provided in a circulation flow path, stores a simulated vein 23 for storing simulated blood, a simulated right atrium 11 as a simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated vein 23, and a downstream of the simulated right atrium 11. A first artificial valve (prosthetic valve 12) of the right heart system that is provided on the side and regulates the flow of simulated blood, and a simulated right ventricle 13 as a simulated ventricle provided downstream of the first artificial valve; Provided downstream of the simulated right ventricle 13 and downstream of the second artificial valve (artificial valve 14) of the right heart system that regulates the flow of simulated blood and the second artificial valve (artificial valve 14). The simulated left pulmonary artery 15, the simulated left atrium 17 as a simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated pulmonary artery 15, and the third left heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated left atrium 17 and regulates the flow of simulated blood. Artificial valve (artificial valve 18) and a simulation provided downstream of the third artificial valve A simulated left ventricle 19 as a chamber, a fourth artificial valve (artificial valve 20) of the left heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated left ventricle 19 and regulates the flow of simulated blood, and downstream of the fourth artificial valve And a simulated aorta 21 that is provided on the side and communicates with the simulated vein 23 via a circulation channel.
The simulated atrium such as the simulated right atrium 11 and the simulated left atrium 17 includes a housing, an elastic diaphragm that divides the inside of the housing into an air chamber and a liquid chamber, and an inlet of simulated blood that is provided in the housing and communicates with the liquid chamber. And an outlet.
The blood circulation simulation device deforms the diaphragm by supplying and exhausting air to and from the air chamber of the simulated atrium, and drives control means (drive) that discharges the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outlet by changing the volume of the liquid chamber of the simulated atrium Device 40 and controller 50).

As described above, a blood circulation simulation apparatus including a simulated atrium that can simulate the blood circulation system with high accuracy with a simple configuration can be provided.
Further, in the method for testing an artificial organ using the blood circulation simulator of the present invention, at least one of an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an auxiliary artificial heart, and a total replacement artificial heart is provided in the circulation channel of the blood circulation simulator. A test is performed on the artificial organ by attaching the artificial organ and flowing the simulated blood discharged from the simulated atrium into the artificial organ. By doing so, it is possible to provide a test method for an artificial organ using a blood circulation simulation device that can easily and objectively evaluate the artificial organ.

  In the present embodiment, the simulated ventricle is an air-driven pump provided with a diaphragm. The drive control means performs air driving at a first pressure on the diaphragm of the simulated atrium, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, drives the air at a second pressure higher than the first pressure on the diaphragm of the simulated ventricle. Since the control is performed, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that simulates the contraction of the simulated atrium with high accuracy.

In the human heart, after atrial contraction, it becomes a ventricular contraction after a lapse of a predetermined time, and thereafter, atrial dilation and ventricular dilation are repeated.
In the blood circulation simulation apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, the simulated ventricle is contracted after the predetermined time has elapsed after the contraction of the simulated atrium, and then the simulated atrium is expanded after the contraction of the simulated atrium. Repeat to expand. By doing so, it is possible to provide a blood circulation simulation device that can reproduce the blood circulation system with high accuracy.
Further, the drive control means controls the timing of each of the contraction of the simulated atrium, contraction of the simulated ventricle, expansion of the simulated atrium, and expansion of the simulated ventricle so as to simulate various diseases such as the heart. A blood circulation simulation device capable of simulating various disease states with high accuracy can be provided.

  In addition, the blood circulation simulator is connected to a pulsatile or non-pulsatile artificial heart on the back load side of the simulated atrium (atrial model), thereby realizing an artificial heart model circulation having an atrial contraction capability. Can fully simulate the circulation of a total replacement artificial heart (please tell me if there is a specific configuration diagram. The above-mentioned pulsatile or non-pulsatile artificial heart and blood circulation simulator It is preferable to have a configuration diagram that clearly shows the relationship among the components.

  In addition, it is possible to simulate the blood circulation system with high accuracy by attaching the total replacement artificial heart to the blood circulation simulator, and to develop the total replacement artificial heart efficiently.

  In addition, by installing an artificial valve on the inflow side or outflow side of the simulated ventricle of the blood circulation simulation device, when the artificial valve (simulation valve) is attached to the blood circulation simulation device, the blood circulation system is hydraulic and fluid It can be simulated dynamically with high accuracy. In other words, it can be used for the development and research of artificial valves.

  In addition, by installing an artificial blood vessel on the downstream side (peripheral side) of the artificial valve on the outflow side of the simulated ventricle of the blood circulation simulator, the circulation environment of the artificial blood vessel can be accurately simulated. It can be used for the development and research of artificial blood vessels.

  Further, for example, an artificial blood vessel 91 having a portion 91a imitating a valsalva sinus (aortic sinus) as shown in FIG. 13 is attached to the distal side of the artificial valve on the outflow side of the simulated ventricle of the blood circulation simulator. Thus, it is possible to provide a model circulation circuit that accurately reproduces the circulatory environment of the artificial blood vessel and can be used for the development and research of the artificial blood vessel.

As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to these embodiments, and there are design changes and the like without departing from the gist of the present invention. Is included in the present invention.
Further, the embodiments described in the above drawings can be combined with each other as long as there is no particular contradiction or problem in the purpose and configuration.
Moreover, the description content of each figure can become independent embodiment, respectively, and embodiment of this invention is not limited to one embodiment which combined each figure.

  The blood circulation simulation device may be a two-atrial, two-ventricular type, a one-atrium, one-ventricular type, or a two-atrium, one-ventricular type.

  In the above embodiment, the blood circulation simulation device circulated the simulated blood in the circulation channel, but the simulated blood was a fluid such as water, saline, a glycerin solution simulating a blood grader, It may be a liquid such as blood.

  In the above embodiment, the air-driven simulated atrium or simulated ventricle has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this configuration. For example, the simulated atrium and simulated ventricle may be gas-driven, liquid-driven, shape memory alloy-driven using a shape memory alloy, or motor-driven.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Simulated right atrium (simulated atrium), 11d ... Diaphragm, 11f ... Cylindrical member, 11k ... Supply / exhaust port, 11s ... Inlet, 11t ... Outlet, 12 ... Artificial valve (simulated valve; Simulated tricuspid valve), DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Simulated right ventricle (simulated ventricle), 13a ... Diaphragm, 14 ... Artificial valve (simulated valve; Simulated pulmonary valve), 15 ... Simulated pulmonary artery (simulated artery), 16 ... Channel resistance part, 17 ... Simulated left atrium (simulated) Atrial), 18 ... artificial valve (simulated valve; simulated mitral valve), 19 ... simulated left ventricle (simulated ventricle), 19a ... diaphragm, 20 ... artificial valve (simulated valve; simulated aortic valve), 21 ... simulated aorta (simulated) Arteries), 22 ... flow path resistance unit, 23 ... simulated vein (venous model), 31-37 ... flow path (circulation flow path), 40 ... drive device (drive control means), 50 ... control unit (drive control means) 51 ... Simulated right ventricular solenoid valve (air valve), 52 ... Simulated left Chamber solenoid valve (air valve), 61 to 69 ... sensor, 70 ... measurement device.

Claims (4)

A blood circulation simulation device including a simulated atrium for circulating simulated blood in a circulation channel,
A simulated vein provided in the circulation channel and storing the simulated blood;
A simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated vein;
A first artificial valve provided on the downstream side of the simulated atrium to regulate the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated ventricle provided downstream of the first prosthetic valve;
A second artificial valve that is provided downstream of the simulated ventricle and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated artery provided downstream of the second artificial valve and communicating with the simulated vein via the circulation channel;
The simulated atrium includes a housing,
An elastic diaphragm that divides the housing into an air chamber and a liquid chamber;
An inlet and an outlet of the simulated blood provided in the housing and communicating with the liquid chamber;
The blood circulation simulation device has drive control means for deforming the diaphragm by supplying and exhausting air to and from the air chamber, and discharging the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outlet by changing the volume of the liquid chamber. A blood circulation simulation apparatus comprising a simulated atrium. A blood circulation simulation device including a simulated atrium for circulating simulated blood in a circulation channel,
A simulated vein provided in the circulation channel and storing the simulated blood;
A simulated right atrium as a simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated vein;
A first artificial valve of the right heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated right atrium and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated right ventricle as a simulated ventricle provided downstream of the first prosthetic valve;
A second artificial valve of the right heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated right ventricle and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated pulmonary artery provided downstream of the second artificial valve;
A simulated left atrium as a simulated atrium provided downstream of the simulated pulmonary artery;
A third artificial valve of the left heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated left atrium and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated left ventricle as a simulated ventricle provided downstream of the third artificial valve;
A fourth artificial valve of the left heart system that is provided downstream of the simulated left ventricle and regulates the flow of the simulated blood;
A simulated aorta provided downstream of the fourth artificial valve and communicating with the simulated vein via the circulation channel;
The simulated atrium includes a housing,
An elastic diaphragm that divides the housing into an air chamber and a liquid chamber;
An inlet and an outlet of the simulated blood provided in the housing and communicating with the liquid chamber;
The blood circulation simulation device has drive control means for deforming the diaphragm by supplying and exhausting air to and from the air chamber, and discharging the pulsating flow of the simulated blood from the outlet by changing the volume of the liquid chamber. A blood circulation simulation apparatus comprising a simulated atrium. The simulated ventricle is an air-driven pump with a diaphragm,
The drive control means performs air drive with a first pressure on the diaphragm of the simulated atrium, and after a predetermined time has elapsed, with a second pressure higher than the first pressure with respect to the diaphragm of the simulated ventricle. The blood circulation simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein control for performing air driving is performed. An artificial organ of at least one of an artificial valve, an artificial blood vessel, an auxiliary artificial heart, and a total replacement type artificial heart is provided in a circulation channel of a blood circulation simulation apparatus including the simulated atrium according to any one of claims 1 to 3. attachment,
A test method for an artificial organ using a blood circulation simulator, wherein the test is performed on the artificial organ by flowing the simulated blood discharged from the simulated atrium into the artificial organ.