JP2015232281A - Internal combustion engine oil jet device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an internal combustion engine oil jet device capable of injecting oil to a rear surface of a piston and an inner surface of a cylinder by one jet nozzle excellent in installation property.SOLUTION: The present invention provides an internal combustion engine oil jet device comprising: a jet nozzle 17 formed such that an injection direction of injecting oil is variable; and a change unit 27 changing the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle 17 to a direction of a rear surface of a piston 5 of an internal combustion engine and a direction of an inner surface of a cylinder depending on a temperature of the internal combustion engine. With the configuration, it is possible to cool the piston 5 when the piston 5 is heated while suppressing scuffing when an engine is cold with one jet nozzle structure excellent in installation property.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil jet device that injects oil toward a back surface of a piston or an inner surface of a cylinder.

In an engine (internal combustion engine) mounted on an automobile (vehicle), in order to cool the piston at high temperature, an oil jet device is disposed below the piston as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 3, Injecting oil from the engine oil gallery to the back of the piston is performed.
Further, in an engine, in order to prevent scuffing of the inner surface of the cylinder when the engine is cold, oil is injected onto the inner surface of the cylinder using an oil jet device.

By the way, an engine may require both functions.
However, the oil discharge direction differs between piston cooling and scuffing suppression. Therefore, in order to ensure both functions, two types of oil jet devices are installed, or two types of jet nozzles are used properly as disclosed in Patent Document 2, that is, piston cooling jet nozzles and scuffing A structure is used in which a jet nozzle for suppression is used and the two jet nozzles are switched by a nozzle switching mechanism according to the engine temperature.

JP 2000-303905 A JP 2006-138307 A JP 2012-162996 A

  However, since the former structure using two oil jet devices requires two spaces, it cannot be easily installed in a limited area below the cylinder. Also, in the latter structure using the two types of jet nozzles, since the entire nozzle becomes excessive due to the use of a plurality of jet nozzles, it is difficult to easily install in a limited portion below the cylinder.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil jet device for an internal combustion engine that is capable of injecting oil to the back surface of a piston and the inner surface of a cylinder with a single jet nozzle that is excellent in installation.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a jet nozzle in which the injection direction for injecting oil is variably formed, the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle according to the temperature of the internal combustion engine, and the direction toward the back surface of the piston of the internal combustion engine and the cylinder The change part changed to the direction which goes to an inner surface shall be provided (Claim 1).
Preferably, the jet nozzle has a flexible nozzle member, and the changing unit has a deforming member that changes the posture of the nozzle member due to deformation accompanying a temperature change of the internal combustion engine. ).

Preferably, the deformable member is a shape memory member (claim 3).
Preferably, the jet nozzle includes a flexible nozzle member, and the variable portion includes a support member that supports the nozzle member so that the posture of the nozzle member can be changed, and an actuator unit that operates the support member in accordance with the temperature of the internal combustion engine. (Claim 4).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, oil can be injected to a piston back surface and a cylinder inner surface with the oil jet apparatus using one jet nozzle which is excellent in installation property by the structure which changes the injection direction of a jet nozzle. That is, by using one jet nozzle, piston cooling at a high temperature and scuffing at a cold state can be suppressed.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an oil jet device of an internal combustion engine that is an aspect according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the oil-jet apparatus which is injecting oil to the cylinder inner surface. The figure which shows the oil-jet apparatus which is injecting oil to the piston back surface. Sectional drawing which shows the oil-jet apparatus used as the principal part of the aspect which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the oil-jet apparatus used as the principal part of the aspect which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

The present invention will be described below based on the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows an oil jet device of an engine (inner surface engine) to which the present invention is applied. FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b) show a state in which oil is injected to the inner surface of the cylinder. (B) has shown the state by which oil is injected to the piston back surface.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder block of a reciprocating engine (hereinafter simply referred to as an engine: internal combustion engine) to which the present invention is applied. The cylinder block 1 is provided with a cylinder 3 as shown in FIGS. A piston 5 is housed in the cylinder 3 so as to be able to reciprocate. The piston 5 is connected to a crankshaft (not shown) via a piston pin 6 and a connecting rod 7. Then, heat energy is generated in the cylinder 3 by the combustion cycle of fuel such as intake stroke, compression stroke, explosion stroke, and exhaust stroke, which is caused by the movement of the piston 5, and the heat energy is converted into kinetic energy. Output to the shaft.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the cylinder block 1, an oil jet device is located below the cylinder 3, for example, on the end wall 1 a where the end of the cylinder 3 is open, near the cylinder 3. 9 is installed. The oil jet device 9 has a structure in which oil can be injected to the piston back surface (piston crown surface back) and the cylinder inner surface by using one jet nozzle 17.

The parts of the oil jet device 9 will be described. The device 9 includes, for example, a short columnar mounting portion 15 installed on the end wall surface 1a, and a jet nozzle 17 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the mounting portion 15 into the cylinder 3. And have.
Of these, the mounting portion 15 includes a passage 19 that guides oil in an oil gallery formed in the cylinder block 1, for example, main oil gallery (not shown) to the base end (inlet) of the jet nozzle 17, a check valve 21, and the like. doing. Of course, a relay path 23 extending from the main oil gallery is formed from the main oil gallery to the entrance of the passage 19 in the mounting portion 15.

  The jet nozzle 17 is composed of a flexible nozzle member. For example, the jet nozzle 17 is made of synthetic resin, and a bellows portion 25 formed of a large number of annular grooves is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the intermediate portion. The bellows portion 25 is a portion that makes the jet nozzle 17 bend and deform easily from the middle portion, and the flexibility provided by the bellows portion 25 enables the direction of the injection port 17a formed at the tip of the jet nozzle to be variable. The jet nozzle 17 is assembled with a deformable member that changes with the temperature of the engine, for example, a coil-shaped shape memory alloy member 27 (corresponding to a shape memory member), which is a changing portion that changes the oil injection direction.

  Specifically, the shape memory alloy member 27 has, for example, a linear coil shape (FIG. 2: at low temperature). The shape memory alloy member 27 is wound around the outer peripheral surface of the bellows portion 25. Due to the rigidity of the shape memory alloy member 27 at this time, the bellows portion 25 is held in a straight posture so that the nozzle end (injection port 17 a) of the jet nozzle 17 faces the inner surface of the cylinder 3.

  The coil-shaped shape memory alloy member 27 stores an arc-shaped coil shape (FIG. 3) in advance. The stored arc shape appears when the temperature of the engine at which the piston 5 becomes hot rises. The bellows portion 25 is bent by the arc shape that appears, and the jet nozzle 17 is bent from the intermediate portion so that the nozzle end (injection port 17a) of the jet nozzle 17 faces the back surface of the piston.

That is, the shape memory alloy member 27 changes the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle 17 in a direction toward the back surface of the piston 5 (back surface of the piston crown surface) and the inner surface of the cylinder 3 in accordance with the engine temperature.
The behavior of the jet nozzle 17 will be described. When the engine is cold (low temperature), the jet nozzle 17 has a linear shape memory alloy member 27 as shown in FIG. It is held in the posture that faces. That is, the oil injection direction is determined on the inner surface of the cylinder.

Then, the oil from the main oil gallery passes through the passage 19 and the check valve 21, passes through the jet nozzle 17, and is injected from the injection port 17 a to the cylinder inner surface. Thus, the oil adhering to the inner surface of the cylinder 3 lubricates the space between the inner surface of the cylinder and the piston 5 and suppresses scuffing.
Further, when the temperature of the engine rises due to the operation of the engine, the shape memory alloy member 27 is deformed (transformed) from a linear shape to an arc shape as shown in FIG. Then, the bellows portion 25 is bent into an arc shape following the shape memory alloy member 27, and the jet nozzle 17 is bent from the intermediate portion. As a result, the jet nozzle 17 changes from a posture facing the cylinder inner surface to a posture in which the injection port 17a faces the back surface of the piston 5. Then, the oil from the main oil gallery is injected to the piston back surface (piston crown surface back surface), and the top portion (crown surface) of the piston 5 that becomes high temperature is cooled.

  As described above, the oil jet device 9 can inject oil to the back surface of the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder with one jet nozzle 17 by changing the jet direction of the jet nozzle 17. That is, with one jet nozzle 17, it is possible to realize piston cooling at a high temperature and suppression of scuffing at a cold state. In addition, the number of jet nozzles 17 may be one, and it is possible to prevent the entire nozzle from becoming excessively large. Therefore, the oil jet device 9 can be installed at a limited portion below the cylinder as shown in FIGS. Even when required, it can be installed easily due to its excellent installation.

  In addition, the structure for changing the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle 17 is merely a combination of the shape memory member 27 (deformable member) and the flexible nozzle member, so that the structure can be simple and compact. In particular, when the shape memory member 27 is used, it is easy to change the direction of the nozzle end. In addition, since the coil-shaped shape memory member 27 is wound around the bellows portion 25, not only the direction of the nozzle end can be easily changed, but also the coil-shaped shape memory alloy member 27 is reduced in the lowered bellows portion 25. Since the rigidity is supplemented (reinforced), the oil jet device 9 having excellent reliability can be realized.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, a bimetal member is used instead of the shape memory alloy member.
Specifically, for example, strip-shaped bimetal members 31a and 31b (deformable members) extending in the axial direction of the bellows portion 25 are attached to the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the bellows portion 25 that bends in an arc. By utilizing the behavior of the bimetal members 31a and 31b, when the engine temperature is low (in the cold state), the injection port 17a is directed toward the inner surface of the cylinder, and when the engine temperature increases, the injection port 17a is moved to the piston. It is intended to be directed to the back side.

Thus, the structure using the bimetal members 31a and 31b (deformable members) also has the same effect as that of the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
This embodiment does not change the injection direction by self-control as in the first and second embodiments, but changes the injection direction by external control.

  In this structure, a structure is used in which a support structure 35 that supports the nozzle member so that the posture of the nozzle member can be changed by a support member and an actuator unit 37 that operates the support member are combined. For example, the support structure 35 includes a pair of wire members 39 serving as support members attached to the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion of the bellows portion 25 that bends in a circular arc, and the base end side of the jet nozzle 17 (nozzle member). Extend to. Incidentally, a wire guide 39 a for guiding the wire member 39 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the jet nozzle 17. The distal end of the wire member 39 is supported by a nozzle portion between the distal end portion of the jet nozzle 17 and the bellows portion 25, and supports the jet nozzle 17 so that it can be bent. That is, when the pair of wire members 39 are pushed and pulled, the jet nozzle 17 is bent (curved) from the bellows portion 25, and the direction of the nozzle end changes (posture change).

  The actuator unit 37 is configured by an operation mechanism such as a solenoid 41 interposed between the extended ends of the pair of wire members 39. That is, each end (both ends) of the plunger 41 a of the solenoid 41 is connected to the ends of the pair of wire members 39. As a result, when the plunger 41a is displaced to one side, the jet nozzle 17 is bent by the pushing and pulling of the wire member 39, and the injection port 17a faces the piston back surface. Further, when the plunger 41a is displaced to the other side, similarly, the wire nozzle 39 is pushed and pulled, so that the jet nozzle 17 returns to a straight posture from the bent state, and the injection port 17a faces the inner surface of the cylinder.

  A temperature sensor 45 that detects the temperature of the engine is connected to the solenoid 41 via the control unit 43. Then, according to the control information set in advance in the control unit 43, when the temperature of the engine is low (in the cold state), the solenoid 41 is driven in a direction in which the injection port 17a is directed toward the cylinder inner surface. When the temperature of the engine becomes high, the solenoid 41 is driven in a direction that directs the injection port 17a toward the inner surface of the cylinder.

Thus, even if the direction of the jet nozzle 17 is changed according to the temperature of the engine using the actuator unit 37, the same effect as in the first and second embodiments can be obtained.
However, in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
It should be noted that each of the above-described embodiments and combinations thereof are merely examples, and that addition, omission, replacement, and other modifications of the configuration can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Needless to say. Further, the present invention is not limited by the embodiment, and it is needless to say that the present invention is limited only by the “claims”. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle is changed by self-control and external control using a shape memory alloy member, a bimetal member, and an actuator unit. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other structures are used. The oil injection direction of the jet nozzle may be varied. Of course, the piston may have a structure with a cooling channel. In this case, the nozzle end faces the inlet of the cooling channel.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder block 3 Cylinder 5 Piston 17 Jet nozzle 27, 31a, 31b Shape memory alloy member, bimetal member (change part, deformation member)
39 Wire member (support member)
41 Solenoid (actuator part)

Claims (4)

A jet nozzle formed so that the injection direction for injecting oil is variable;
Changing the oil injection direction of the jet nozzle in accordance with the temperature of the internal combustion engine and changing the direction toward the back surface of the piston of the internal combustion engine and the direction toward the inner surface of the cylinder,
An oil jet device for an internal combustion engine, comprising: The jet nozzle has a flexible nozzle member,
The oil jet device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein the changing unit includes a deforming member that changes a posture of the nozzle member due to deformation accompanying a temperature change of the internal combustion engine.   The oil jet device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 2, wherein the deformable member is a shape memory member. The jet nozzle has a flexible nozzle member,
The changing unit is
A support member that supports the nozzle member such that the posture can be changed;
The oil jet device for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, further comprising: an actuator unit that operates the support member in accordance with a temperature of the internal combustion engine.

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